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Yao X, Vishnu JA, Lupfer C, Hoenders D, Skarsetz O, Chen W, Dattler D, Perrot A, Wang WZ, Gao C, Giuseppone N, Schmid F, Walther A. Scalable Approach to Molecular Motor-Polymer Conjugates for Light-Driven Artificial Muscles. Adv Mater 2024:e2403514. [PMID: 38613525 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The integration of molecular machines and motors into materials represents a promising avenue for creating dynamic and functional molecular systems, with potential applications in soft robotics or reconfigurable biomaterials. However, the development of truly scalable and controllable approaches for incorporating molecular motors into polymeric matrices has remained a challenge. Here, it is shown that light-driven molecular motors with sensitive photo-isomerizable double bonds can be converted into initiators for Cu-mediated controlled/living radical polymerization enabling the synthesis of star-shaped motor-polymer conjugates. This approach enables scalability, precise control over the molecular structure, block copolymer structures, and high-end group fidelity. Moreover, it is demonstrated that these materials can be crosslinked to form gels with quasi-ideal network topology, exhibiting light-triggered contraction. The influence of arm length and polymer structure is investigated, and the first molecular dynamics simulation framework to gain deeper insights into the contraction processes is developed. Leveraging this scalable methodology, the creation of bilayer soft robotic devices and cargo-lifting artificial muscles is showcased, highlighting the versatility and potential applications of this advanced polymer chemistry approach. It is anticipated that the integrated experimental and simulation framework will accelerate scalable approaches for active polymer materials based on molecular machines, opening up new horizons in materials science and bioscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Yao
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron - CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Freiburg, Germany
- Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Studies, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jude Ann Vishnu
- KOMET 1, Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, D 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudius Lupfer
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Hoenders
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Skarsetz
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Weixiang Chen
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Damien Dattler
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron - CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
| | - Alexis Perrot
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron - CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
| | - Wen-Zhi Wang
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron - CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
| | - Chuan Gao
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron - CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron - CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Freiburg, Germany
- Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Studies, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, 75005, France
| | - Friederike Schmid
- KOMET 1, Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, D 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Freiburg, Germany
- Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Studies, Strasbourg, France
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2
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Rader C, Fritz PW, Ashirov T, Coskun A, Weder C. One-Component Nanocomposites Made from Diblock Copolymer Grafted Cellulose Nanocrystals. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1637-1648. [PMID: 38381566 PMCID: PMC10934803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are bio-based, rod-like, high-aspect-ratio nanoparticles with high stiffness and strength and are widely used as a reinforcing nanofiller in polymer nanocomposites. However, due to hydrogen-bond formation between the large number of hydroxyl groups on their surface, CNCs are prone to aggregate, especially in nonpolar polymer matrices. One possibility to overcome this problem is to graft polymers from the CNCs' surfaces and to process the resulting "hairy nanoparticles" (HNPs) into one-component nanocomposites (OCNs) in which the polymer matrix and CNC filler are covalently connected. Here, we report OCNs based on HNPs that were synthesized by grafting gradient diblock copolymers onto CNCs via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. The inner block (toward the CNCs) is composed of poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA), and the outer block comprises a gradient copolymer rich in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The OCNs based on such HNPs microphase separate into a rubbery poly(methyl acrylate) phase that dissipates mechanical energy and imparts toughness, a glassy PMMA phase that provides strength and stiffness, and well-dispersed CNCs that further reinforce the materials. This design afforded OCNs that display a considerably higher stiffness and strength than reference diblock copolymers without the CNCs. At the same time, the extensibility remains high and the toughness is increased up to 5-fold relative to the reference materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Rader
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Patrick W. Fritz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin de Musee 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Timur Ashirov
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin de Musee 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ali Coskun
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin de Musee 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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3
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Percec V, Sahoo D. From Frank-Kasper, Quasicrystals, and Biological Membrane Mimics to Reprogramming In Vivo the Living Factory to Target the Delivery of mRNA with One-Component Amphiphilic Janus Dendrimers. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1353-1370. [PMID: 38232372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
This Perspective is dedicated to the 25th Anniversary of Biomacromolecules. It provides a personal view on the developing field of the polymer and biology interface over the 25 years since the journal was launched by the American Chemical Society (ACS). This Perspective is meant to bridge an article published in the first issue of the journal and recent bioinspired developments in the laboratory of the corresponding author. The discovery of supramolecular spherical helices self-organizing into Frank-Kasper and quasicrystals as models of icosahedral viruses, as well as of columnar helical assemblies that mimic rodlike viruses by supramolecular dendrimers, is briefly presented. The transplant of these assemblies from supramolecular dendrimers to block copolymers, giant surfactants, and other self-organized soft matter follows. Amphiphilic self-assembling Janus dendrimers and glycodendrimers as mimics of biological membranes and their glycans are discussed. New concepts derived from them that evolved in the in vivo targeted delivery of mRNA with the simplest one-component synthetic vector systems are introduced. Some synthetic methodologies employed during the synthesis and self-assembly are explained. Unraveling bioinspired applications of novel materials concludes this brief 25th Anniversary Perspective of Biomacromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Dipankar Sahoo
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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4
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Lu D, Jia Z, Monteiro MJ. A Sequence-Defined ABC Dendritic Macromolecule with Amino Acid Peripheral Functionality via Iterative Chemoselective Reactions. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2007-2015. [PMID: 38349647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Chemoselective reactions allow near-precision control over the polymer composition and topology to create sequence-controlled polymers with similar secondary and tertiary structures to those found in proteins. Dendrimers are recognized as well-defined macromolecules with the potential to mimic protein surface functionality due to the large number of functional groups available at its periphery with the internal structure acting as the support scaffold. Transitioning from using small-molecule dendrimers to dendritic macromolecules will not only allow retention of the high peripheral functionality but also provide an internal scaffold with a desired polymer composition within each generational layer. Here, we exemplify a systematic approach to creating a dendritic macromolecule with the placement of different polymer building blocks in precise locations within the internal structure and the placement of three different amino acid moieties clustered at the periphery. The synthesis of this ABC dendritic macromolecule was accomplished through iterative chemoselective reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derong Lu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457 Singapore
| | - Zhongfan Jia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Michael J Monteiro
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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5
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Zhang X, Rendina LM, Müllner M. Carborane-Containing Polymers: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications. ACS Polym Au 2024; 4:7-33. [PMID: 38371730 PMCID: PMC10870755 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.3c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Carboranes are an important class of electron-delocalized icosahedral carbon-boron clusters with unique physical and chemical properties, which can offer various functions to polymers including enhanced heat-resistance, tuned electronic properties and hydrophobicity, special ability of dihydrogen bond formation, and thermal neutron capture. Carborane-containing polymers have been synthesized mainly by means of step-growth polymerizations of disubstituted carborane monomers, with chain-growth polymerizations of monosubstituted carborane monomers including ATRP, RAFT, and ROMP only utilized recently. Carborane-containing polymers may find application as harsh-environment resistant materials, ceramic precursors, fluorescent materials with tuned emissive properties, novel optoelectronic devices, potential BNCT agents, and drug carriers with low cytotoxicity. This review highlights carborane-containing polymer synthesis strategies and potential applications, showcasing the versatile properties and possibilities that this unique family of boron compounds can provide to the polymeric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhang
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louis M. Rendina
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 New South Wales, Australia
- The
University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 New South Wales, Australia
| | - Markus Müllner
- Key
Centre for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 New South Wales, Australia
- The
University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 New South Wales, Australia
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Mrozińska Z, Kudzin MH, Ponczek MB, Kaczmarek A, Król P, Lisiak-Kucińska A, Żyłła R, Walawska A. Biochemical Approach to Poly(Lactide)-Copper Composite-Impact on Blood Coagulation Processes. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:608. [PMID: 38591465 PMCID: PMC10856769 DOI: 10.3390/ma17030608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The paper presents the investigation of the biological properties of Poly(Lactide)-Copper composite material obtained by sputter deposition of copper onto Poly(lactide) melt-blown nonwoven fabrics. The functionalized composite material was subjected to microbial activity tests against colonies of Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, Chaetomium globosum and Candida albicans fungal mold species and biochemical-hematological tests including the evaluation of the Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, Prothrombin Time, Thrombin Time and electron microscopy fibrin network imaging. The substantial antimicrobial and antifungal activities of the Poly(Lactide)-Copper composite suggests potential applications as an antibacterial/antifungal material. The unmodified Poly(Lactide) fabric showed accelerated human blood plasma clotting in the intrinsic pathway, while copper plating abolished this effect. Unmodified PLA itself could be used for the preparation of wound dressing materials, accelerating coagulation in the case of hemorrhages, and its modifications with the use of various metals might be applied as new customized materials where blood coagulation process could be well controlled, yielding additional anti-pathogen effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdzisława Mrozińska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland; (Z.M.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (A.L.-K.); (R.Ż.); (A.W.)
| | - Marcin H. Kudzin
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland; (Z.M.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (A.L.-K.); (R.Ż.); (A.W.)
| | - Michał B. Ponczek
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Anna Kaczmarek
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland; (Z.M.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (A.L.-K.); (R.Ż.); (A.W.)
| | - Paulina Król
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland; (Z.M.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (A.L.-K.); (R.Ż.); (A.W.)
| | - Agnieszka Lisiak-Kucińska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland; (Z.M.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (A.L.-K.); (R.Ż.); (A.W.)
| | - Renata Żyłła
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland; (Z.M.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (A.L.-K.); (R.Ż.); (A.W.)
| | - Anetta Walawska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland; (Z.M.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (A.L.-K.); (R.Ż.); (A.W.)
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7
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Zhou C, Zhang Z, Li W, Chen M. Organocatalyzed Photo-Controlled Synthesis of Ultrahigh-Molecular-Weight Fluorinated Alternating Copolymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314483. [PMID: 38014865 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Ultrahigh-molecular-weight (UHMW) polymers with tailored structures are highly desirable for the outstanding properties. In this work, we developed a novel photoorganocatalyzed controlled radical alternating copolymerizations of fluoroalkyl maleimide and diverse vinyl comonomers, enabling efficient preparation of fluorinated copolymers of predetermined UHMWs and well-defined structures at high conversions. Versatility of this method was demonstrated by expanding to controlled terpolymerization, which allows facial access toward fluorinated terpolymers of UHMWs and functional pendants. The obtained copolymers exhibited attractive physical properties and furnished thermoplastic, anticorrosive and (super)hydrophobic attributes as coatings on different substrates. Molecular simulations provided insights into the coating morphology, which unveiled a fluorous protective layer on the top surface with polar groups attached to the bottom substrate, resulting in good adhesion and hydrophobicity, simultaneously. This synthetic method and customized copolymers shed light on the design of high-performance coatings by macromolecular engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengda Zhou
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zexi Zhang
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences & Environmental Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Suzhou, Kunshan, 215316, China
| | - Mao Chen
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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8
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Gazzola G, Antonello A, Isse AA, Fantin M. Simple Iron Halides Enable Electrochemically Mediated ATRP in Nonpolar Media. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:1602-1607. [PMID: 37955645 PMCID: PMC10734308 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemically controlled atom transfer radical polymerization (eATRP) was successfully carried out with a minimal amount (ppm-level) of FeBr3 catalyst in a nonpolar solvent, specifically anisole. Traditionally, nonpolar media have been advantageous for Fe-based ATRP, but their low conductivity has hindered any electrochemical application. This study introduces the application of electrocatalytic methods in a highly nonpolar polymerization medium. Precise control over the polymerization was obtained by employing anhydrous anisole with only 400 ppm of FeBr3 and applying a negative overpotential of 0.3 V. Additionally, employing an undivided cell setup with two simple iron wire electrodes resulted in a significant 15-fold reduction in electrical resistance compared to traditional divided cell setups. This enabled the production of polymers with a dispersity of ≤1.2. Lastly, an examination of kinetic and thermodynamic aspects indicated that the ppm-level catalysis was facilitated by the high ATRP equilibrium constant of Fe catalysts in nonpolar environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abdirisak A. Isse
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Fantin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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9
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Ma Q, Qiao GG, An Z. Visible Light Photoiniferter Polymerization for Dispersity Control in High Molecular Weight Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202314729. [PMID: 37814139 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of polymers with high molecular weights, controlled sequence, and tunable dispersities remains a challenge. A simple and effective visible-light controlled photoiniferter reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization is reported here to realize this goal. Key to this strategy is the use of switchable RAFT agents (SRAs) to tune polymerization activities coupled with the inherent highly living nature of photoiniferter RAFT polymerization. The polymerization activities of SRAs were in situ adjusted by the addition of acid. In addition to a switchable chain-transfer coefficient, photolysis and polymerization kinetic studies revealed that neutral and protonated SRAs showed different photolysis and polymerization rates, which is unique to photoiniferter RAFT polymerization in terms of dispersity control. This strategy features no catalyst, no exogenous radical source, temporal regulation by visible light, and tunable dispersities in the unprecedented high molecular weight regime (up to 500 kg mol-1 ). Pentablock copolymers with three different dispersity combinations were also synthesized, highlighting that the highly living nature was maintained even for blocks with large dispersities. Tg was lowered for high-dispersity polymers of similar MWs due to the existence of more low-MW polymers. This strategy holds great potential for the synthesis of advanced materials with controlled molecular weight, dispersity and sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Greg G Qiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Zesheng An
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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10
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Křivánková N, Kaya K, van der Wijngaart W, Edlund U. Copper-mediated synthesis of temperature-responsive poly( N-acryloyl glycinamide) polymers: a step towards greener and simple polymerisation. RSC Adv 2023; 13:29099-29108. [PMID: 37800134 PMCID: PMC10548432 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04993k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials with reversible supramolecular networks controlled by a change in temperature are of interest in medicine, biomedicine and analytical chemistry. For these materials to become more impactful, the development of greener synthetic practices with more sustainable solvents, lower energy consumption and a reduction in metallic catalysts is needed. In this work, we investigate the polymerisation of N-acryloyl glycinamide monomer by single-electron transfer reversible-deactivation radical polymerisation and its effect on the cloud point of the resulting PNAGA polymers. We accomplished 80% conversion within 5 min in water media using a copper wire catalyst. The material exhibited a sharp upper critical solution temperature (UCST) phase transition (10-80% transition within 6 K). These results indicate that UCST-exhibiting PNAGA can be synthesized at ambient temperatures and under non-inert conditions, eliminating the cost- and energy-consuming deoxygenation step. The choice of copper wire as the catalyst allows the possibility of catalyst recycling. Furthermore, we show that the reaction is feasible in a simple vial which would facilitate upscaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Křivánková
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
- Digital Futures, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
| | - Kerem Kaya
- Intelligent Systems, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
- Digital Futures, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
| | - Wouter van der Wijngaart
- Intelligent Systems, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
- Digital Futures, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
| | - Ulrica Edlund
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
- Digital Futures, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
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11
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Davidson CLG, Lott ME, Trachsel L, Wong AJ, Olson RA, Pedro DI, Sawyer WG, Sumerlin BS. Inverse Miniemulsion Enables the Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Controlled Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:1224-1230. [PMID: 37624643 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
We report the controlled synthesis of ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW) polymers (Mn ≥ 106 g/mol) via continuous flow in a tubular reactor. At high monomer conversion, UHMW polymers in homogeneous batch polymerization exhibit high viscosities that pose challenges for employing continuous flow reactors. However, under heterogeneous inverse miniemulsion (IME) conditions, UHMW polymers can be produced within the dispersed phase, while the viscosity of the heterogeneous mixture remains approximately the same as the viscosity of the continuous phase. Conducting such IME polymerizations in flow results in a faster rate of polymerization compared to batch IME polymerizations while still providing excellent control over molecular weight up to 106 g/mol. Crucial emulsion parameters, such as particle size and stability under continuous flow conditions, were examined using dynamic light scattering. A range of poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) and poly(4-acryloylmorpholine) polymers with molecular weights of 104-106 g/mol (Đ ≤ 1.31) were produced by this method using water-soluble trithiocarbonates as photoiniferters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cullen L G Davidson
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Megan E Lott
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Lucca Trachsel
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Alexander J Wong
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Rebecca A Olson
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Diego I Pedro
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - W Gregory Sawyer
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Brent S Sumerlin
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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12
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Chen Z, Sun Y, Wang X, Zhang W, Zhang Z. Tailoring Polymerization Controllability and Dispersity Through a Photoswitchable Catalyst Strategy. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300198. [PMID: 37231589 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Modulating on-demand polymerization is a challenge in synthetic macromolecules. Herein, tailoring polymerization controllability and dispersity during single-electron transfer mediated living radical polymerization (SET-LRP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) is achieved. Hexaarylbiimidazole (HABI) is employed as a photoswitchable catalyst, allowing reversible control of catalytic activity between an active and inactive state. In the presence of HABI and with the light on (active state), control SET-LRP of MMA follows first-order kinetics, resulting in polymers with a narrow molecular weight distribution. In contrast, polymerization responds to light and reverts to their original uncontrolled state with light off (inactive state). Therefore, repeatable resetting polymerization can be easily performed. The key to photomodulating dispersity is to use an efficient molecular switch to tailor the breadths of dispersity. Besides, the mechanism of HABI-mediated SET-LRP with switchable ability is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuan Chen
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry Engineering and Materials Science of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yue Sun
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry Engineering and Materials Science of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry Engineering and Materials Science of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry Engineering and Materials Science of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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13
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Chen YJ, Wu LT, Li TA, Pu MQ, Sun XL, Bao H, Wan WM. Ketyl Radical Anion Mediated Radical Polymerization and Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization to Give Polymers with Low Molecular Weight Distribution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202304033. [PMID: 37263979 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202304033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of novel polymerization capable of yielding polymers with low molecular weight distribution (Đ) is essential and significant in polymer chemistry, where monofunctional initiator contains only one initiation site in these polymerizations generally. Here, ketyl radical anion species is introduced to develop a novel Ketyl Mediated Polymerization (KMP), which enables radical polymerization at carbon radical site and anionic ring-opening polymerization at oxygen anion site, respectively. Meanwhile, polymerization and corresponding organic synthesis generally couldn't be performed simultaneously in one pot. Through KMP, organic synthesis and polymerization are achieved in one pot, where small molecules (cyclopentane derivates) and polymers with low Đ are successfully prepared under mild condition simultaneously. At the initiation step, both organic synthesis and polymerization are initiated by single electron transfer reaction with ketyl radical anion formation. Cyclopentane derivates are synthesized through 3-3 coupling reaction and cyclization. Polystyrene and polycaprolactone with low Đ and a full monomer conversion are prepared by KMP via radical polymerization and anionic ring-opening polymerization, respectively. This work therefore enables both organic synthesis and two different polymerizations from same initiation system, which saves time, labour, resource and energy and expands the reaction mode and method libraries of organic chemistry and polymer chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jiao Chen
- College of Environment and Resources, Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education, Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Tao Wu
- College of Environment and Resources, Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education, Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Tai-An Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Qin Pu
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Li Sun
- College of Environment and Resources, Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education, Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, P. R. China
| | - Hongli Bao
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Ming Wan
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
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14
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Janata M, Čadová E, Johnson JW, Raus V. Diminishing the catalyst concentration in the Cu(0)‐
RDRP
and
ATRP
synthesis of well‐defined low‐molecular weight poly(glycidyl methacrylate). Journal of Polymer Science 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20230087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Janata
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Heyrovského nám. 2 Prague 6 162 06 Czech Republic
| | - Eva Čadová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Heyrovského nám. 2 Prague 6 162 06 Czech Republic
| | - Jeffery W. Johnson
- Axalta Coating Systems Global Innovation Center Philadelphia PA 19112 USA
| | - Vladimír Raus
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Heyrovského nám. 2 Prague 6 162 06 Czech Republic
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15
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Moreno A, Lligadas G, Adamson J, Maurya DS, Percec V. Assembling Complex Macromolecules and Self-Organizations of Biological Relevance with Cu(I)-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne, Thio-Bromo, and TERMINI Double "Click" Reactions. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15. [PMID: 36904317 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2022, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Bertozzi, Meldal, and Sharpless "for the development of click chemistry and biorthogonal chemistry". Since 2001, when the concept of click chemistry was advanced by Sharpless laboratory, synthetic chemists started to envision click reactions as the preferred choice of synthetic methodology employed to create new functions. This brief perspective will summarize research performed in our laboratories with the classic Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne click (CuAAC) reaction elaborated by Meldal and Sharpless, with the thio-bromo click (TBC) and with the less-used, irreversible TERminator Multifunctional INItiator (TERMINI) dual click (TBC) reactions, the last two elaborated in our laboratory. These click reactions will be used to assemble, by accelerated modular-orthogonal methodologies, complex macromolecules and self-organizations of biological relevance. Self-assembling amphiphilic Janus dendrimers and Janus glycodendrimers together with their biological membrane mimics known as dendrimersomes and glycodendrimersomes as well as simple methodologies to assemble macromolecules with perfect and complex architecture such as dendrimers from commercial monomers and building blocks will be discussed. This perspective is dedicated to the 75th anniversary of Professor Bogdan C. Simionescu, the son of my (VP) Ph.D. mentor, Professor Cristofor I. Simionescu, who as his father, took both science and science administration in his hands, and dedicated his life to handling them in a tandem way, to their best.
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16
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Maurya DS, Adamson J, Bensabeh N, Lligadas G, Percec V. Catalytic effect of
DMSO
in metal‐catalyzed radical polymerization mediated by disproportionation facilitates living and immortal radical polymerizations. Journal of Polymer Science 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Devendra S. Maurya
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Jasper Adamson
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- Chemical Physics Laboratory National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics Tallinn Estonia
| | - Nabil Bensabeh
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry University Rovira i Virgili Tarragona Spain
| | - Gerard Lligadas
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry University Rovira i Virgili Tarragona Spain
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
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17
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Parkatzidis K, Truong NP, Whitfield R, Campi CE, Grimm-Lebsanft B, Buchenau S, Rübhausen MA, Harrisson S, Konkolewicz D, Schindler S, Anastasaki A. Oxygen-Enhanced Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization through the Formation of a Copper Superoxido Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1906-1915. [PMID: 36626247 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In controlled radical polymerization, oxygen is typically regarded as an undesirable component resulting in terminated polymer chains, deactivated catalysts, and subsequent cessation of the polymerization. Here, we report an unusual atom transfer radical polymerization whereby oxygen favors the polymerization by triggering the in situ transformation of CuBr/L to reactive superoxido species at room temperature. Through a superoxido ARGET-ATRP mechanism, an order of magnitude faster polymerization rate and a rapid and complete initiator consumption can be achieved as opposed to when unoxidized CuBr/L was instead employed. Very high end-group fidelity has been demonstrated by mass-spectrometry and one-pot synthesis of block and multiblock copolymers while pushing the reactions to reach near-quantitative conversions in all steps. A high molecular weight polymer could also be targeted (DPn = 6400) without compromising the control over the molar mass distributions (Đ < 1.20), even at an extremely low copper concentration (4.5 ppm). The versatility of the technique was demonstrated by the polymerization of various monomers in a controlled fashion. Notably, the efficiency of our methodology is unaffected by the purity of the starting CuBr, and even a brown highly-oxidized 15-year-old CuBr reagent enabled a rapid and controlled polymerization with a final dispersity of 1.07, thus not only reducing associated costs but also omitting the need for rigorous catalyst purification prior to polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Parkatzidis
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Nghia P Truong
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Richard Whitfield
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Chiara E Campi
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Gießen, Heinrich-Buff Ring 17, D-35392, Gießen, Hessen 35392, Germany
| | - Benjamin Grimm-Lebsanft
- Center For Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, Institut für Nanostruktur und Festkörperphysik, Gebäude 99, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Sören Buchenau
- Center For Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, Institut für Nanostruktur und Festkörperphysik, Gebäude 99, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Michael A Rübhausen
- Center For Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, Institut für Nanostruktur und Festkörperphysik, Gebäude 99, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Simon Harrisson
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, University of Bordeaux/ENSCBP/CNRS UMR5629, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Dominik Konkolewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Siegfried Schindler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Gießen, Heinrich-Buff Ring 17, D-35392, Gießen, Hessen 35392, Germany
| | - Athina Anastasaki
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
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18
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Abreu CM, Rezende TC, Serra AC, Fonseca AC, Braslau R, Coelho JF. Convenient and industrially viable internal plasticization of Poly(Vinyl chloride): Copolymerization of vinyl chloride and commercial monomers. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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19
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Parkatzidis K, de Haro Amez L, Truong NP, Anastasaki A. Cu(0)-RDRP of acrylates using an alkyl iodide initiator. Polym Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01563c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
In the vast majority of atom transfer radical polymerizations, alkyl bromides or alkyl chlorides are commonly employed as initiators. Herein, alkyl iodides are demonstrated as ATRP initiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Parkatzidis
- Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Leonardo de Haro Amez
- Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nghia P. Truong
- Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Athina Anastasaki
- Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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20
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Shi Y, Chen SPR, Fragkiadakis G, Parisi D, Percec V, Vlassopoulos D, Monteiro MJ. Shape Control over the Polymer Molecular Weight Distribution and Influence on Rheological Properties. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Shi
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4072, Australia
| | - Sung-Po R. Chen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4072, Australia
| | - George Fragkiadakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion70013, Greece
- Department of Materials Science & Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion70013, Greece
| | - Daniele Parisi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Product Technology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AGGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104-6323, United States
| | - Dimitris Vlassopoulos
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion70013, Greece
- Department of Materials Science & Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion70013, Greece
| | - Michael J. Monteiro
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4072, Australia
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21
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Xu N, Pan G, Zhang H, Lu P, Shen L, Li Y, Ji D, Duan J, Hu X, Lu C, Xu Z, Zhu N, Guo K. PVDF-Based Fluoropolymer Modifications via Photoinduced Atom Transfer Radical Polymerizations. Advances in Polymer Technology 2022; 2022:1-8. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7798967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Graft modifications of PVDF fluoropolymers have been identified as the efficient route to improve the properties and expand the applications. Taking advantage of C-F and C-Cl bonds in the repeat units, atom transfer radical polymerizations (ATRP) were widely used for graft modification. Recently, photoinduced ATRP has shown good spatial and temporal control over the polymerization process in contrast to thermal activation mode. This minireview highlights the progress in PVDF-based fluoropolymer modifications by using photoinduced Cu(II)-mediated ATRP and organocatalyzed ATRP. The challenges and opportunities are proposed with the aim at advancing the development of synthesis and applications of fluoropolymer.
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22
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Jiang Y, Fan W, Tosaka M, Yamago S. Controlled Synthesis of High-Molecular-Weight Polystyrene and Its Block Copolymers by Emulsion Organotellurium-Mediated Radical Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:1331-1335. [PMID: 36355410 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Structurally controlled high-molecular-weight (HMW) polystyrenes (PSts) and block copolymers consisting of HMW PSt segments were successfully synthesized by emulsion organotellurium-mediated radical polymerization (TERP). The hydrophilicity of the organotellurium group of TERP chain transfer agents (CTAs) was important for success, and CTAs 1b and 1c with di- and tetraethylene glycol units were suitable. By using 1b and 1c and using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the surfactant, PSts with MWs over 1 million and with low dispersity (Đ < 1.6) were synthesized with >96% monomer conversion. Because of the high monomer conversion, high end-group fidelity, and rapid monomer diffusion to polymer particles, HMW block copolymers with low dispersity were successfully synthesized by adding a second monomer after converting the first monomer without isolating the macroinitiators. Despite recent developments in reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP), the synthesis of HMW polymers, particularly PSts and block copolymers, has been a formidable challenge. This method provides a valuable route for fabricating polymer materials based on HMW PSts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Jiang
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Weijia Fan
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Tosaka
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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23
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Abstract
Photocatalyzed and photosensitized chemical processes have seen growing interest recently and have become among the most active areas of chemical research, notably due to their applications in fields such as medicine, chemical synthesis, material science or environmental chemistry. Among all homogeneous catalytic systems reported to date, photoactive copper(I) complexes have been shown to be especially attractive, not only as alternative to noble metal complexes, and have been extensively studied and utilized recently. They are at the core of this review article which is divided into two main sections. The first one focuses on an exhaustive and comprehensive overview of the structural, photophysical and electrochemical properties of mononuclear copper(I) complexes, typical examples highlighting the most critical structural parameters and their impact on the properties being presented to enlighten future design of photoactive copper(I) complexes. The second section is devoted to their main areas of application (photoredox catalysis of organic reactions and polymerization, hydrogen production, photoreduction of carbon dioxide and dye-sensitized solar cells), illustrating their progression from early systems to the current state-of-the-art and showcasing how some limitations of photoactive copper(I) complexes can be overcome with their high versatility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Beaudelot
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Samuel Oger
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefano Peruško
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium.,Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tuan-Anh Phan
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Titouan Teunens
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000Mons, Belgium
| | - Cécile Moucheron
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gwilherm Evano
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium
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24
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Tian L, Li X, Ji H, Yu Q, Yang M, Guo L, Huang L, Gao W. Melanin-like nanoparticles: advances in surface modification and tumour photothermal therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:485. [PMCID: PMC9675272 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, tumor treatments are characterized by intelligence, diversity and personalization, but the therapeutic reagents used are often limited in clinical efficacy due to problems with water solubility, targeting, stability and multidrug resistance. To remedy these shortcomings, the application of multifunctional nanotechnology in the biomedical field has been widely studied. Synthetic melanin nanoparticles (MNPs) surfaces which contain highly reactive chemical groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl and amine groups, can be used as a reaction platform on which to graft different functional components. In addition, MNPs easily adhere to substrate surface, and serve as a secondary reaction platform to modify it. The multifunctionality and intrinsic biocompatibility make melanin-like nanoparticles promising as a multifunctional and powerful nanoplatform for oncological applications. This paper first reviews the preparation methods, polymerization mechanisms and physicochemical properties of melanin including natural melanin and chemically synthesized melanin to guide scholars in MNP-based design. Then, recent advances in MNPs especially synthetic polydopamine (PDA) melanin for various medical oncological applications are systematically and thoroughly described, mainly focusing on bioimaging, photothermal therapy (PTT), and drug delivery for tumor therapy. Finally, based on the investigated literature, the current challenges and future directions for clinical translation are reasonably discussed, focusing on the innovative design of MNPs and further elucidation of pharmacokinetics. This paper is a timely and comprehensive and detailed study of the progress of MNPs in tumor therapy, especially PTT, and provides ideas for the design of personalized and customizable oncology nanomedicines to address the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Tian
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300193 China
| | - Xia Li
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300193 China
| | - Haixia Ji
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300193 China
| | - Qing Yu
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300193 China
| | - Mingjuan Yang
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300193 China
| | - Lanping Guo
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Luqi Huang
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300193 China
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Dutta S, Shreyash N, Satapathy BK, Saha S. Advances in design of polymer brush functionalized inorganic nanomaterials and their applications in biomedical arena. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2022; 15:e1861. [PMID: 36284373 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Grafting of polymer brush (assembly of polymer chains tethered to the substrate by one end) is emerging as one of the most viable approach to alter the surface of inorganic nanomaterials. Inorganic nanomaterials despite their intrinsic functional superiority, their applications remain restricted due to their incompatibility with organic or biological moieties vis-à-vis agglomeration issues. To overcome such a shortcoming, polymer brush modified surfaces of inorganic nanomaterials have lately proved to be of immense potential. For example, polymer brush-modified inorganic nanomaterials can act as efficient substrates/platforms in biomedical applications, ranging from drug-delivery to protein-array due to their integrated advantages such as amphiphilicity, stimuli responsiveness, enhanced biocompatibility, and so on. In this review, the current state of the art related to polymer brush-modified inorganic nanomaterials focusing, not only, on their synthetic strategies and applications in biomedical field but also the architectural influence of polymer brushes on the responsiveness properties of modified nanomaterials have comprehensively been discussed and its associated future perspective is also presented. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyadip Dutta
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Delhi India
| | - Nehil Shreyash
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology Jais Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Bhabani Kumar Satapathy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Delhi India
| | - Sampa Saha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Delhi India
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26
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Gazzola G, Pasinato S, Fantin M, Braidi N, Tubaro C, Durante C, Isse AA. Electrochemical Investigation of Iron-Catalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. Molecules 2022; 27. [PMID: 36234849 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of iron-based catalysts in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is very interesting because of the abundance of the metal and its biocompatibility. Although the mechanism of action is not well understood yet, iron halide salts are usually used as catalysts, often in the presence of nitrogen or phosphorous ligands (L). In this study, electrochemically mediated ATRP (eATRP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) catalyzed by FeCl3, both in the absence and presence of additional ligands, was investigated in dimethylformamide. The electrochemical behavior of FeCl3 and FeCl3/L was deeply investigated showing the speciation of Fe(III) and Fe(II) and the role played by added ligands. It is shown that amine ligands form stable iron complexes, whereas phosphines act as reducing agents. eATRP of MMA catalyzed by FeCl3 was investigated in different conditions. In particular, the effects of temperature, catalyst concentration, catalyst-to-initiator ratio, halide ion excess and added ligands were investigated. In general, polymerization was moderately fast but difficult to control. Surprisingly, the best results were obtained with FeCl3 without any other ligand. Electrogenerated Fe(II) effectively activates the dormant chains but deactivation of the propagating radicals by Fe(III) species is less efficient, resulting in dispersity > 1.5, unless a high concentration of FeCl3 is used.
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27
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Olson RA, Lott ME, Garrison JB, Davidson CLG, Trachsel L, Pedro DI, Sawyer WG, Sumerlin BS. Inverse Miniemulsion Photoiniferter Polymerization for the Synthesis of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Olson
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Megan E. Lott
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - John B. Garrison
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Cullen L. G. Davidson
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Lucca Trachsel
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Diego I. Pedro
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - W. Gregory Sawyer
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Brent S. Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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28
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Theodorou A, Gounaris D, Voutyritsa E, Andrikopoulos N, Baltzaki CIM, Anastasaki A, Velonia K. Rapid Oxygen-Tolerant Synthesis of Protein-Polymer Bioconjugates via Aqueous Copper-Mediated Polymerization. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4241-4253. [PMID: 36067415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of protein-polymer conjugates usually requires extensive and costly deoxygenation procedures, thus limiting their availability and potential applications. In this work, we report the ultrafast synthesis of polymer-protein bioconjugates in the absence of any external deoxygenation via an aqueous copper-mediated methodology. Within 10 min and in the absence of any external stimulus such as light (which may limit the monomer scope and/or disrupt the secondary structure of the protein), a range of hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers could be successfully grafted from a BSA macroinitiator, yielding well-defined polymer-protein bioconjugates at quantitative yields. Our approach is compatible with a wide range of monomer classes such as (meth) acrylates, styrene, and acrylamides as well as multiple macroinitiators including BSA, BSA nanoparticles, and beta-galactosidase from Aspergillus oryzae. Notably, the synthesis of challenging protein-polymer-polymer triblock copolymers was also demonstrated, thus significantly expanding the scope of our strategy. Importantly, both lower and higher scale polymerizations (from 0.2 to 35 mL) were possible without compromising the overall efficiency and the final yields. This simple methodology paves the way for a plethora of applications in aqueous solutions without the need of external stimuli or tedious deoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Theodorou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | - Dimitris Gounaris
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | - Errika Voutyritsa
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | - Nicholas Andrikopoulos
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | | | | | - Kelly Velonia
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
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29
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un Nisa Q, Theobald W, Hepburn KS, Riddlestone I, Bingham NM, Kopeć M, Roth PJ. Degradable Linear and Bottlebrush Thioester-Functional Copolymers through Atom-Transfer Radical Ring-Opening Copolymerization of a Thionolactone. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qamar un Nisa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - William Theobald
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Kyle S. Hepburn
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Ian Riddlestone
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Nathaniel M. Bingham
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Maciej Kopeć
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Peter J. Roth
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
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Medina-Castillo AL, Ruzic L, Nidetzky B, Bolivar JM. Hydrophilic Nonwoven Nanofiber Membranes as Nanostructured Supports for Enzyme Immobilization. ACS Appl Polym Mater 2022; 4:6054-6066. [PMID: 35991305 PMCID: PMC9379912 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.2c00863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The high porosity, interconnected pore structure, and high surface area-to-volume ratio make the hydrophilic nonwoven nanofiber membranes (NV-NF-Ms) promising nanostructured supports for enzyme immobilization in different biotechnological applications. In this work, NV-NF-Ms with excellent mechanical and chemical properties were designed and fabricated by electrospinning in one step without using additives or complicated crosslinking processes after electrospinning. To do so, two types of ultrahigh-molecular-weight linear copolymers with very different mechanical properties were used. Methyl methacrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (p(MMA)-co-p(HEMA)) and methyl acrylate-co-hydroxyethyl acrylate (p(MA)-co-p(HEA)) were designed and synthesized by reverse atom transfer radical polymerization (reverse-ATRP) and copper-mediated living radical polymerization (Cu0-MC-LRP), respectively. The copolymers were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy and by triple detection gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The polarity, topology, and molecular weight of the copolymers were perfectly adjusted. The polymeric blend formed by (MMA)1002-co-(HEMA)1002 (M w = 230,855 ± 7418 Da; M n = 115,748 ± 35,567 Da; PDI = 2.00) and (MA)11709-co-(HEA)7806 (M w = 1.972 × 106 ± 33,729 Da; M n = 1.395 × 106 ± 35,019 Da; PDI = 1.41) was used to manufacture (without additives or chemical crosslinking processes) hydroxylated nonwoven nanofiber membranes (NV-NF-Ms-OH; 300 nm in fiber diameter) with excellent mechanical and chemical properties. The morphology of NV-NF-Ms-OH was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The suitability for enzyme binding was proven by designing a palette of different surface functionalization to enable both reversible and irreversible enzyme immobilization. NV-NF-Ms-OH were successfully functionalized with vinyl sulfone (281 ± 20 μmol/g), carboxyl (560 ± 50 μmol/g), and amine groups (281 ± 20 μmol/g) and applied for the immobilization of two enzymes of biotechnological interest. Galactose oxidase was immobilized on vinyl sulfone-activated materials and carboxyl-activated materials, while laccase was immobilized onto amine-activated materials. These preliminary results are a promising basis for the application of nonwoven membranes in enzyme technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio L. Medina-Castillo
- Nanomateriales
y Polimeros S.L. (NanoMyP®), Spin-Off Company of the University
of Granada, BIC Building,
Avd. Innovacion 1, E-18016 Granada, Spain
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Avd. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Lucija Ruzic
- Nanomateriales
y Polimeros S.L. (NanoMyP®), Spin-Off Company of the University
of Granada, BIC Building,
Avd. Innovacion 1, E-18016 Granada, Spain
- FQPIMA
Group, Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical
Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Austrian
Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Krenngasse 37, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Juan M. Bolivar
- FQPIMA
Group, Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical
Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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31
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Shi Y, Mudugamuwa CJ, Abeysinghe TN, Alotaibi YSM, Monteiro MJ, Chalker JM, Lutkenhaus JL, Jia Z. Ionic Effect on Electrochemical Behavior of Water-Soluble Radical Polyelectrolytes. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Shi
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Chanaka J. Mudugamuwa
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Thidas N. Abeysinghe
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Yasser S. M. Alotaibi
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Michael J. Monteiro
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Justin M. Chalker
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Jodie L. Lutkenhaus
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Zhongfan Jia
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
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32
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Zhou Y, Li J, Wang T, Wu Y, Luo Z. Precision Polymer Synthesis by Controlled Radical Polymerization: Fusing the progress from Polymer Chemistry and Reaction Engineering. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Palà
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry University Rovira i Virgili Tarragona 43007 Spain
| | - Sarah E. Woods
- Department of Materials Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU UK
| | - Fiona L. Hatton
- Department of Materials Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU UK
| | - Gerard Lligadas
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry University Rovira i Virgili Tarragona 43007 Spain
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34
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Wei Z, Chen D, Zhang X, Wang L, Yang W. Precise Synthesis of Structurally Diverse Aggregation-Induced Emission-Active Polyacrylates by Cu(0)-Catalyzed SET-LRP with Macromolecular Structure-Correlated Emission. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wantai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for the Syntheses and Applications of Waterborne Polymers, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing 100029, China
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35
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Rohland P, Schröter E, Nolte O, Newkome GR, Hager MD, Schubert US. Redox-active polymers: The magic key towards energy storage – a polymer design guideline progress in polymer science. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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36
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Kitayama Y, Sadakane M, Harada A. Reversible chain transfer catalyzed polymerization in miniemulsion systems with tetraiodomethane as a catalyst. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01019d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tetraiodomethane (CI4) is an effective catalyst in reversible chain transfer catalyzed polymerization (RTCP) of methacrylate monomers in miniemulsion polymerization systems (miniemulsion RTCP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiya Kitayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Masaya Sadakane
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Atsushi Harada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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37
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Bhattacharya K, Kalita U, Singha NK. Tailor-made Glycopolymers via Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization: Design, Properties and Applications. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01640g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Investigating the underlying mechanism of biological interactions using glycopolymer is becoming increasingly important owing to their unique recognition properties. The multivalent interactions between lectin and glycopolymer are significantly influenced by...
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38
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Shi X, Zhang J, Corrigan N, Boyer C. Controlling mechanical properties of 3D printed polymer composites through photoinduced reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01283e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization has been exploited to design silica-nanoparticle-incorporated photocurable resins for 3D printing of materials with enhanced mechanical properties and complex structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Shi
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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39
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Zhang H, Zhong J, Zhang X, Shi X, Yang L, Sun S, Zuo M, Song Y, Zheng Q. Controlling the enrichment location of brush grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes at the interface of various polymer blends. POLYMER 2022; 238:124427. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Mons PJ, Fribiczer N, Kowalczuk K, Poudel P, Seiffert S, Schacher FH. Double hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol)- block-poly(dehydroalanine) four-arm star block copolymers: synthesis and solution behavior. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00579d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and solution behavior of double hydrophilic star-shaped block copolymers featuring an ampholytic polydehydroalanine segment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Mons
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Nora Fribiczer
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kathrin Kowalczuk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Purushottam Poudel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Seiffert
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Felix H. Schacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany
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41
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Abreu CM, Fonseca AC, Rodrigues DF, Rezende TC, Marques JR, Tomás AJ, Gonçalves PM, Serra AC, Coelho JF. Preparation of nonmigratory flexible poly(vinyl chloride)-b-poly(n-butyl acrylate)-b-poly(vinyl chloride) via aqueous reversible deactivation radical polymerization in a pilot reactor. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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42
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Alsubaie FM, Alothman OY, Fouad H, Mourad AHI. ABC-Type Triblock Copolyacrylamides via Copper-Mediated Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:116. [PMID: 35012138 PMCID: PMC8747352 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aqueous Cu(0)-mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) of triblock copolymers with two block sequences at 0.0 °C is reported herein. Well-defined triblock copolymers initiated from PHEAA or PDMA, containing (A) 2-hydroxyethyl acrylamide (HEAA), (B) N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and (C) N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA), were synthesized. The ultrafast one-pot synthesis of sequence-controlled triblock copolymers via iterative sequential monomer addition after full conversion, without any purification steps throughout the monomer additions, was performed. The narrow dispersities of the triblock copolymers proved the high degree of end-group fidelity of the starting macroinitiator and the absence of any significant undesirable side reactions. Controlled chain length and extremely narrow molecular weight distributions (dispersity ~1.10) were achieved, and quantitative conversion was attained in as little as 52 min. The full disproportionation of CuBr in the presence of Me6TREN in water prior to both monomer and initiator addition was crucially exploited to produce a well-defined ABC-type triblock copolymer. In addition, the undesirable side reaction that could influence the living nature of the system was investigated. The ability to incorporate several functional monomers without affecting the living nature of the polymerization proves the versatility of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fehaid M. Alsubaie
- National Center for Chemical Catalysis Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman Y. Alothman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Fouad
- Applied Medical Science Department, Community College, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Cairo 11792, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hamid I. Mourad
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirate University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
- National Water and Energy Centre, United Arab Emirate University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
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43
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Cooze MJ, Deacon HM, Phe K, Hutchinson RA. Methacrylate and Styrene Block Copolymer Synthesis by Cu‐Mediated Chain Extension of Acrylate Macroinitiator in a Semibatch Reactor. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.202100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan J. Cooze
- Department of Chemical Engineering Queen's University Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Hayden M. Deacon
- Department of Chemical Engineering Queen's University Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Katrina Phe
- Department of Chemical Engineering Queen's University Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Robin A. Hutchinson
- Department of Chemical Engineering Queen's University Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
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44
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Jiang Y, Fan W, Tosaka M, Cunningham MF, Yamago S. Fabrication of Structurally Controlled Poly( n-butyl acrylate) Particles by Ab Initio Emulsion Organotellurium-Mediated Radical Polymerization. Synthesis of High Molecular Weight Homo and Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Jiang
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Weijia Fan
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Tosaka
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Michael F. Cunningham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, 19 Division Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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45
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Soly S, Mistry B, Murthy CN. Photo‐mediated metal‐free atom transfer radical polymerization: recent advances in organocatalysts and perfection towards polymer synthesis. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Soly
- Macromolecular Materials Laboratory, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Vadodara 390001 India
| | - Bhavita Mistry
- Macromolecular Materials Laboratory, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Vadodara 390001 India
| | - CN Murthy
- Macromolecular Materials Laboratory, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Vadodara 390001 India
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46
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Anderson CL, Li H, Jones CG, Teat SJ, Settineri NS, Dailing EA, Liang J, Mao H, Yang C, Klivansky LM, Li X, Reimer JA, Nelson HM, Liu Y. Solution-processable and functionalizable ultra-high molecular weight polymers via topochemical synthesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6818. [PMID: 34819494 PMCID: PMC8613210 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27090-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Topochemical polymerization reactions hold the promise of producing ultra-high molecular weight crystalline polymers. However, the totality of topochemical polymerization reactions has failed to produce ultra-high molecular weight polymers that are both soluble and display variable functionality, which are restrained by the crystal-packing and reactivity requirements on their respective monomers in the solid state. Herein, we demonstrate the topochemical polymerization reaction of a family of para-azaquinodimethane compounds that undergo facile visible light and thermally initiated polymerization in the solid state, allowing for the first determination of a topochemical polymer crystal structure resolved via the cryoelectron microscopy technique of microcrystal electron diffraction. The topochemical polymerization reaction also displays excellent functional group tolerance, accommodating both solubilizing side chains and reactive groups that allow for post-polymerization functionalization. The thus-produced soluble ultra-high molecular weight polymers display superior capacitive energy storage properties. This study overcomes several synthetic and characterization challenges amongst topochemical polymerization reactions, representing a critical step toward their broader application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Anderson
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - He Li
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Christopher G Jones
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Simon J Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Nicholas S Settineri
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Eric A Dailing
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jiatao Liang
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Haiyan Mao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Chongqing Yang
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Liana M Klivansky
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Xinle Li
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Reimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Hosea M Nelson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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47
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Truong NP, Jones GR, Bradford KGE, Konkolewicz D, Anastasaki A. A comparison of RAFT and ATRP methods for controlled radical polymerization. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:859-69. [PMID: 37117386 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) are the two most common controlled radical polymerization methods. Both methods afford functional polymers with a predefined length, composition, dispersity and end group. Further, RAFT and ATRP tame radicals by reversibly converting active polymeric radicals into dormant chains. However, the mechanisms by which the ATRP and RAFT methods control chain growth are distinct, so each method presents unique opportunities and challenges, depending on the desired application. This Perspective compares RAFT and ATRP by identifying their mechanistic strengths and weaknesses, and their latest synthetic applications.
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48
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Bobrin VA, Chen SP, Grandes Reyes CF, Sun B, Ng CK, Kim Y, Purcell D, Jia Z, Gu W, Armstrong JW, McAuley J, Monteiro MJ. Water-Borne Nanocoating for Rapid Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and Other Viruses. ACS Nano 2021; 15:14915-14927. [PMID: 34423970 PMCID: PMC8409147 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The rise in coronavirus variants has resulted in surges of the disease across the globe. The mutations in the spike protein on the surface of the virion membrane not only allow for greater transmission but also raise concerns about vaccine effectiveness. Preventing the spread of SARS-CoV-2, its variants, and other viruses from person to person via airborne or surface transmission requires effective inactivation of the virus. Here, we report a water-borne spray-on coating for the complete inactivation of viral particles and degradation of their RNA. Our nanoworms efficiently bind and, through subsequent large nanoscale conformational changes, rupture the viral membrane and subsequently bind and degrade its RNA. Our coating completely inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (VIC01) and an evolved SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (B.1.1.7 (alpha)), influenza A, and a surrogate capsid pseudovirus expressing the influenza A virus attachment glycoprotein, hemagglutinin. The polygalactose functionality on the nanoworms targets the conserved S2 subunit on the SARS-CoV-2 virion surface spike glycoprotein for stronger binding, and the additional attachment of guanidine groups catalyze the degradation of its RNA genome. Coating surgical masks with our nanoworms resulted in complete inactivation of VIC01 and B.1.1.7, providing a powerful control measure for SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. Inactivation was further observed for the influenza A and an AAV-HA capsid pseudovirus, providing broad viral inactivation when using the nanoworm system. The technology described here represents an environmentally friendly coating with a proposed nanomechanical mechanism for inactivation of both enveloped and capsid viruses. The functional nanoworms can be easily modified to target viruses in future pandemics, and is compatible with large scale manufacturing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin A. Bobrin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and
Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Sung-Po Chen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and
Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Carlos Fitzgerald Grandes Reyes
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and
Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Bing Sun
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and
Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Chun Ki Ng
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and
Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Youry Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology,
The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia
| | - Damian Purcell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology,
The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhongfan Jia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and
Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Wenyi Gu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and
Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jason W. Armstrong
- Boeing Research and Technology
Australia, Level 2, Hawken Building (50), Staff House Road, Brisbane,
Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Julie McAuley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology,
The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael J. Monteiro
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and
Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Queensland 4072, Australia
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49
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Ogbonna ND, Dearman M, Bharti B, Peters AJ, Lawrence J. Elucidating the impact of side chain dispersity on the assembly of bottlebrush polymers at the
air‐water
interface. Journal of Polymer Science 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nduka D. Ogbonna
- Department of Chemical Engineering Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
| | - Michael Dearman
- Department of Chemical Engineering Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
| | - Bhuvnesh Bharti
- Department of Chemical Engineering Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
| | - Andrew J. Peters
- Department of Chemical Engineering Louisiana Tech University Ruston Louisiana USA
| | - Jimmy Lawrence
- Department of Chemical Engineering Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
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50
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Eskandari P, Abousalman-Rezvani Z, Roghani-Mamaqani H, Salami-Kalajahi M. Polymer-functionalization of carbon nanotube by in situ conventional and controlled radical polymerizations. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 294:102471. [PMID: 34214841 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Functionalization of carbon nanotube (CNT) with polymers has drawn much attention due to its wide range of applications. Polymer-functionalized CNT could exhibit variety of properties, such as responsivity to environmental stimuli, ability of complexation with metal ions, increased dispersibility in different solvents, higher compatibility with polymer matrix, etc. Chemical and physical methods have been developed for the preparation of polymer-functionalized CNT. Polymer chains are chemically bonded to the CNT edge or surface in the chemical methods, which results in highly stable CNT/polymer composites. "Grafting to", "grafting from", and "grafting through" methods are the most common chemical methods for polymer-functionalization of CNT. In "grafting to" method, pre-fabricated polymer chains are coupled with the either functionalized or non-functionalized CNT. In "grafting from" and "grafting through" methods, CNT is functionalized by polymers simultaneously synthesized by in situ polymerization methods. Conventional free radical polymerization (FRP) and also controlled radical polymerization (CRP) are the most promising methods for in situ tethering of polymer brushes onto the surface of CNT due to their control over the grafting density, thickness, and functionality of the polymer brushes. The main focus of this review is on the synthesis of polymer-functionalized CNT via both the "grafting from" and "grafting through" methods on the basis of FRP and CRP routs, which is commonly known as in situ polymerizations. Finally, the most important challenges and applications of the in situ polymer grafting methods are discussed, which could be interesting for the future works.
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