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Xiao M, Baktash A, Lyu M, Zhao G, Jin Y, Wang L. Unveiling the Role of Water in Heterogeneous Photocatalysis of Methanol Conversion for Efficient Hydrogen Production. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402004. [PMID: 38531783 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Water molecules, which act as both solvent and reactant, play critical roles in photocatalytic reactions for methanol conversion. However, the influence of water on the adsorption of methanol and desorption of liquid products, which are two essential steps that control the performance in photocatalysis, has been well under-explored. Herein, we reveal the role of water in heterogeneous photocatalytic processes of methanol conversion on the platinized carbon nitride (Pt/C3N4) model photocatalyst. In situ spectroscopy techniques, isotope effects, and computational calculations demonstrate that water shows adverse effects on the adsorption of methanol molecules and desorption processes of methanol oxidation products on the surface of Pt/C3N4, significantly altering the reaction pathways in photocatalytic methanol conversion process. Guided by these discoveries, a photothermal-assisted photocatalytic system is designed to achieve a high solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency of 2.3 %, which is among the highest values reported. This work highlights the important roles of solvents in controlling the adsorption/desorption behaviours of liquid-phase heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering Nanomaterials Centre, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ardeshir Baktash
- School of Chemical Engineering Nanomaterials Centre, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Miaoqiang Lyu
- School of Chemical Engineering Nanomaterials Centre, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Guangyu Zhao
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Mineral Resources, 1 Technology Court, Pullenvale, QLD 4069, Australia
| | - Yonggang Jin
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Mineral Resources, 1 Technology Court, Pullenvale, QLD 4069, Australia
| | - Lianzhou Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering Nanomaterials Centre, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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2
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Sendeku MG, Shifa TA, Dajan FT, Ibrahim KB, Wu B, Yang Y, Moretti E, Vomiero A, Wang F. Frontiers in Photoelectrochemical Catalysis: A Focus on Valuable Product Synthesis. Adv Mater 2024:e2308101. [PMID: 38341618 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) catalysis provides the most promising avenue for producing value-added chemicals and consumables from renewable precursors. Over the last decades, PEC catalysis, including reduction of renewable feedstock, oxidation of organics, and activation and functionalization of C─C and C─H bonds, are extensively investigated, opening new opportunities for employing the technology in upgrading readily available resources. However, several challenges still remain unsolved, hindering the commercialization of the process. This review offers an overview of PEC catalysis targeted at the synthesis of high-value chemicals from sustainable precursors. First, the fundamentals of evaluating PEC reactions in the context of value-added product synthesis at both anode and cathode are recalled. Then, the common photoelectrode fabrication methods that have been employed to produce thin-film photoelectrodes are highlighted. Next, the advancements are systematically reviewed and discussed in the PEC conversion of various feedstocks to produce highly valued chemicals. Finally, the challenges and prospects in the field are presented. This review aims at facilitating further development of PEC technology for upgrading several renewable precursors to value-added products and other pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshet Getaye Sendeku
- Ocean Hydrogen Energy R&D Center, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Tofik Ahmed Shifa
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
| | - Fekadu Tsegaye Dajan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kassa Belay Ibrahim
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
| | - Binglan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Ying Yang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Elisa Moretti
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
| | - Alberto Vomiero
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Division of Materials Science, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, 97187, Sweden
| | - Fengmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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Liu TK, Jang GY, Kim S, Zhang K, Zheng X, Park JH. Organic Upgrading through Photoelectrochemical Reactions: Toward Higher Profits. Small Methods 2024; 8:e2300315. [PMID: 37382404 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells have long been considered a promising technology to convert solar energy into hydrogen. However, the solar-to-H2 (STH) efficiency and cost-effectiveness of PEC water splitting are significantly limited by sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics and the low economic value of the produced O2 , hindering the practical commercialization of PEC cells. Recently, organic upgrading PEC reactions, especially for alternative OERs, have received tremendous attention, which improves not only the STH efficiency but also the economic effectiveness of the overall reaction. In this review, PEC reaction fundamentals and reactant-product cost analysis of organic upgrading reactions are briefly reviewed, recent advances made in organic upgrading reactions, which are categorized by their reactant substrates, such as methanol, ethanol, glycol, glycerol, and complex hydrocarbons, are then summarized and discussed. Finally, the current status, further outlooks, and challenges toward industrial applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Kyung Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Yong Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsoon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jong Hyeok Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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Mugheri AQ, Ali K, Sangah AA, Khaskheli MI, Laghari MY, Mugheri NA, Soomro MR, Chohan MI, Mugheri AA, Kandhro A. A novel concept and design for highly efficient photoelectrocatalytic materials with high performance, stability, and charge transport properties: development of an innovative next-generation green technology. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1581-1592. [PMID: 38179100 PMCID: PMC10766073 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05126a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In semiconductors, generating charges via catalysis is a highly challenging task and characteristic of heterojunction photoanodes. A dithiophene-4,8-dione spin-coated film layer has a positive effect on the holes (positive charge carriers) for a long time in BHJ films in the solid state of materials. The photoexcited holes created in the BHJ film can persist for long periods of time, which is beneficial for catalytic reactions. In this study, a photoanode is electrically coupled to a hydrogen gas-evolving platinum cathode. When the photoanode is electrically coupled to a H2 gas evolving Pt cathode, curiously long-lived hole polaron states are observed on the timescale of seconds under operational conditions. These long-lived holes play a crucial role in enhancing the hydrogen peroxide oxidation performance of the film overlayer spin-coated onto the photoanode. The spin-coated film overlayer on the photoanode achieves the best oxidation performance for hydrogen peroxide of approximately 6.5 mA cm-2 at 1.23 VRHE without the need of a catalyst. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the overlayer in improving the catalytic performance of the photoanode with a better efficiency of 17.5% when using 851 nm excitation. This indicates that a relatively high percentage of incident photons at that specific wavelength is converted into photocurrent by the photoanode. This approach can lead to more efficient oxidation catalysis as demonstrated in the case of hydrogen peroxide oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Qayoom Mugheri
- Dr M. A Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Sindh Pakistan
| | - Kashif Ali
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University Changsha 410083 China
| | - Ali Asghar Sangah
- Department of Basic Sciences and Related Studies, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro 76080 Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Younis Laghari
- The Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Sindh Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Ahmed Mugheri
- Dr M. A Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Sindh Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rajib Soomro
- Dr M. A Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Sindh Pakistan
| | | | - Arsalan Ahmed Mugheri
- Dr M. A Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Sindh Pakistan
| | - Aftab Kandhro
- Dr M. A Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Sindh Pakistan
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Wang J, Zuo L, Guo Z, Yang C, Jiang Y, Huang X, Wu L, Tang Z. Al 2 O 3 -coated BiVO 4 Photoanodes for Photoelectrocatalytic Regioselective C-H Activation of Aromatic Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202315478. [PMID: 37946688 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemistry is becoming an innovative approach to organic synthesis. Generally, the current photoelectrocatalytic organic transformations suffer from limited reaction type, low conversion efficiency and poor stability. Herein, we develop efficient and stable photoelectrode materials using metal oxide protective layer, with a focus on achieving regioselective activation of amine compounds. Notably, our photoelectrochemistry process is implemented under mild reaction conditions and does not involve any directing groups, transition metals or oxidants. The results demonstrate that beyond photocatalysis and electrocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis exhibits high efficiency, remarkable repeatability and good functional group tolerance, highlighting its great potential for applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Zuo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyu Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Caoyu Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuheng Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xuewei Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lizhu Wu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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6
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Hanamorn T, Vas-Umnuay P. CFD modeling and simulation of benzyl alcohol oxidation coupled with hydrogen production in a continuous-flow photoelectrochemical reactor. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22568. [PMID: 38114570 PMCID: PMC10730899 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Various conversion routes of biomass and its derivative compounds into high-value products has attracted attention from researchers recently. Among these, a solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) oxidation approach of biomass alcohols to aldehydes is particularly of great interest for the potential applications because the reaction is selective and simultaneously accompanied with hydrogen production. Here, we propose a simulation of selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol into benzaldehyde coupled with hydrogen production in a 2-dimensional continuous-flow PEC reactor using COMSOL Multiphysics (5.6). In order to develop and fabricate a simple yet efficient reactor for a practical use, it is crucial to investigate the effects of operating and design parameters of the reactor on the reactions. Our studies demonstrated that the main contributions to product formation were the electrolyte flow velocity and the width of electrolyte channels. The optimized design parameter exhibited good photoelectrochemical performance with uniform potential distribution within the channels which served diffusion of neutral and charged species and electrochemical reaction. The maximum conversion of benzyl alcohol in this work was 48.25% with 100% selectivity of benzaldehyde. These findings are key for the design of the continuous-flow PEC reactor that can be applied to any series of biomass conversion reactions under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorfhan Hanamorn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Center of Excellence in Particle and Material Processing Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Paravee Vas-Umnuay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Center of Excellence in Particle and Material Processing Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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7
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Johnston J, O'Rourke C, Mills A. Photoinduced absorption spectroscopy (PIAS) study of water and chloride oxidation by a WO 3 photoanode in acidic solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:31825-31835. [PMID: 37966122 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03167e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of water and chloride oxidation by a WO3 photoanode are probed by photoinduced absorption spectroscopy (PIAS) coupled with transient photocurrent (TC) measurements. Linear sweep voltammograms (LSVs) and incident photon to current efficiencies (IPCEs) are obtained, in the water oxidation electrolyte (1 M HClO4) and chloride oxidation electrolyte (3.5 M NaCl in 1 M HClO4). Other work shows that the faradaic efficiency of water oxidation to O2 in 1 M HClO4 is ca. 1.0, and that for chloride oxidation to Cl2 in 3.5 M NaCl plus 1 M HClO4 is ca. 0.62. The PIAS/TC data reveals a 0.4 order dependency of the rate of water oxidation on the steady state concentration of photogenerated surface holes, [hs+]ss, and an approximately first order dependency of the rate of chloride oxidation on [hs+]ss. Associated mechanisms and rate determining steps for water and chloride oxidation at the photoanode surface that account for these reaction orders are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Johnston
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queens University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK.
| | - Christopher O'Rourke
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queens University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK.
| | - Andrew Mills
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queens University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK.
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8
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Lin C, Shan Z, Dong C, Lu Y, Meng W, Zhang G, Cai B, Su G, Park JH, Zhang K. Covalent organic frameworks bearing Ni active sites for free radical-mediated photoelectrochemical organic transformations. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadi9442. [PMID: 37939175 PMCID: PMC10631720 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi9442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) organic transformations occurring at anodes are a promising strategy for circumventing the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction. Here, we report a free radical-mediated reaction instead of direct hole transfer occurring at the solid/liquid interface for PEC oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BA) to benzaldehyde (BAD) with high selectivity. A bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) photoanode coated with a 2,2'-bipyridine-based covalent organic framework bearing single Ni sites (Ni-TpBpy) was developed to drive the transformation. Experimental studies reveal that the reaction at the Ni-TpBpy/BiVO4 photoanode followed first-order reaction kinetics, boosting the formation of surface-bound ·OH radicals, which suppressed further BAD oxidation and provided a nearly 100% selectivity and a rate of 80.63 μmol hour-1 for the BA-to-BAD conversion. Because alcohol-to-aldehyde conversions are involved in the valorizations of biomass and plastics, this work is expected to open distinct avenues for producing key intermediates of great value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Lin
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhen Shan
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Chaoran Dong
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Weikun Meng
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Gen Zhang
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Bo Cai
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guanyong Su
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jong Hyeok Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kan Zhang
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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9
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Grinberg VA, Emets VV, Mayorova NA, Averin AA, Shiryaev AA. Photoelectrocatalytic Activity of ZnO-Modified Hematite Films in the Reaction of Alcohol Degradation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14046. [PMID: 37762351 PMCID: PMC10531269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thin-film nanocrystalline hematite electrodes were fabricated by electrochemical deposition and loaded with electrodeposited zinc oxide in various amounts. Under visible light illumination, these electrodes demonstrate high activity in the photoelectrochemical degradation of methanol, ethylene glycol and, in particular, glycerol. Results of intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy show that the photoelectrocatalysis efficiency is explained by the suppression of the electron-hole pair recombination and an increase in the rate of photo-induced charge transfer. Thus, zinc oxide can be considered an effective modifying additive for hematite photoanodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitali A. Grinberg
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 31, Building 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.E.); (N.A.M.); (A.A.A.); (A.A.S.)
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10
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Shen R, Liang G, Hao L, Zhang P, Li X. In Situ Synthesis of Chemically Bonded 2D/2D Covalent Organic Frameworks/O-Vacancy WO 3 Z-Scheme Heterostructure for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2303649. [PMID: 37319036 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have shown great promise for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution via water splitting. However, the four-electron oxidation of water remains elusive toward oxygen evolution. Enabling this water oxidation pathway is critical to improve the yield and maximize atom utilization efficiency. A Z-scheme heterojunction is proposed for overcoming fundamental issues in COF-based photocatalytic overall water splitting (OWS), such as inefficient light absorption, charge recombination, and poor water oxidation ability. It is shown that the construction of a novel 2D/2D Z-scheme heterojunction through in situ growth of COFs on the O-vacancy WO3 nanosheets (Ov-WO3 ) via the WOC chemical bond can remarkably promote photocatalytic OWS. Benefiting from the synergistic effect between the enhanced built-in electric field by the interfacial WOC bond, the strong water oxidation ability of Ov-WO3, and the ultrathin structure of TSCOF, both separation and utilization efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs can be significantly enhanced. An impressive photocatalytic hydrogen evolution half-rection rate of 593 mmol h-1 g-1 and overall water splitting rate of 146 (hydrogen) and 68 (oxygen) µmol h-1 g-1 are achieved on the COF-WO3 (TSCOFW) composite. This 2D/2D Z-scheme heterojunction with two-step excitation and precisely cascaded charge-transfer pathway makes it responsible for the efficient solar-driven OWS without a sacrificial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchen Shen
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Guijie Liang
- Hubei Key Lab Low Dimens Optoelect Mat & Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, P. R. China
| | - Lei Hao
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials (CDLCEM), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
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11
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Petersen H, Miller EN, Pham PH, Kajal, Katsirubas JL, Koltunski HJ, Luca OR. On the Temperature Sensitivity of Electrochemical Reaction Thermodynamics. ACS Phys Chem Au 2023; 3:241-251. [PMID: 37249933 PMCID: PMC10214520 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.2c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a method to estimate the thermodynamic potentials of electrochemical reactions at different temperatures. We use a two-term Taylor series approximation of thermodynamic potential as a function of temperature, and we calculate the temperature sensitivity for a family of twenty seven known half reactions. We further analyze pairs of cathode and anode half-cells to pinpoint optimal voltage matches and discuss implications of changes in temperature on overall cell voltages. Using these observations, we look forward to increased interest in temperature and idealized half-reaction pairing as experimental choices for the optimization of electrochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley
A. Petersen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Emmet N. Miller
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Phuc H. Pham
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Kajal
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Jaclyn L. Katsirubas
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Hunter J. Koltunski
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Oana R. Luca
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Renewable
and Sustainable Energy Institute, University
of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Materials
Science and Engineering Program, University
of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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12
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Çetinkaya S, Özcan L, Alagöz O, Palmisano L, Yurdakal S. Selective photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of 3-methylpyridine to vitamin B 3 by WO 3 decorated nanotube-structured TiO 2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:5741-5744. [PMID: 37092602 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01394d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Nanotube-structured TiO2 electrodes on Ti plates were formed in ethylene glycol solution by the anodic oxidation method applied for different times and calcined at 500 °C. Different amounts of WO3 were decorated on the nanotube surfaces electrochemically. The electrodes were characterized, and the effects of the nanotube length on the Ti plate, decorated WO3 amount, electrolyte concentration, applied potential, and type of radiation source on the oxidation of 3-methylpyridine were investigated, together with the product distribution/selectivity. In a photoelectrocatalytic system, the vitamin B3 yield increased significantly (ca. 17 fold) under UVA by decorating nanotube-structured TiO2 with WO3, whilst low reaction rates and no products were found under Vis irradiation, as only unselective photolytic reactions occurred. This unexpected result was clarified for the first time in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sıdıka Çetinkaya
- Kimya Bölümü, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Turkey.
| | - Levent Özcan
- Biyomedikal Mühendisliği Bölümü, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Turkey
| | - Oğuzhan Alagöz
- Kimya Mühendisliği Bölümü, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Turkey
| | - Leonardo Palmisano
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Ingegneria (DI), Palermo, Italy
| | - Sedat Yurdakal
- Kimya Bölümü, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Turkey.
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13
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Shi T, Feng Y, Zhong Y, Ding H, Chen K, Chen D. In Situ Synthesis of Ti:Fe2O3/Cu2O p-n Junction for Highly Efficient Photogenerated Carriers Separation. Inorganics 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11040155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High photoelectrochemical water oxidation efficiency can be achieved through an efficient photogenerated holes transfer pathway. Constructing a photoanode semiconductor heterojunction with close interface contact is an effective tactic to improve the efficiency of photogenerated carrier separation. Here, we reported a novel photoanode p-n junction of Ti:Fe2O3/Cu2O (n-Ti:Fe2O3 and p-Cu2O), Cu2O being obtained by in situ reduction in CuAl-LDH (layered double hydroxides). The Ti:Fe2O3/Cu2O photoanode exhibits a high photocurrent density reaching 1.35 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE is about 1.67 and 50 times higher than the Ti:Fe2O3 and α-Fe2O3 photoanode, respectively. The enhanced PEC activity for the n-Ti:Fe2O3/p-Cu2O photoelectrode is due to the remarkable surface charge separation efficiency (ηsurface 85%) and bulk charge separation efficiency (ηbulk 72%) formed by the p-n junction and the tight interface contact formed by in situ reduction. Moreover, as a cocatalyst, CuAl-LDH can protect the Ti:Fe2O3/Cu2O photoanode and improve its stability to a certain extent. This study provides insight into the manufacturing potential of in situ reduction layered double hydroxides semiconductor for designing highly active photoanodes in the field of photoelectrochemical water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie Shi
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Material Sciences and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanmei Feng
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Material Sciences and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Material Sciences and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hao Ding
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Material Sciences and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring, Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Daimei Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Material Sciences and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
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14
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Yu F, Wang X, Lu H, Li G, Liao B, Wang H, Duan C, Mao Y, Chen L. Surface Engineering of TiO 2 Nanosheets to Boost Photocatalytic Methanol Dehydrogenation for Hydrogen Evolution. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:5700-5706. [PMID: 36966515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Low-cost high-efficiency H2 evolution is indispensable for its large-scale applications in the future. In the research, we expect to build high active photocatalysts for sunlight-driven H2 production by surface engineering to adjust the work function of photocatalyst surfaces, adsorption/desorption ability of substrates and products, and reaction activation energy barrier. Single-atom Pt-doped TiO2-x nanosheets (NSs), mainly including two facets of (001) and (101), with loading of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) at their edges (Pt/TiO2-x-SAP) are successfully prepared by an oxygen vacancy-engaged synthetic strategy. According to the theoretical simulation, the implanted single-atom Pt can change the surface work function of TiO2, which benefits electron transfer, and electrons tend to gather at Pt NPs adsorbed at (101) facet-related edges of TiO2 NSs for H2 evolution. Pt/TiO2-x-SAP exhibits ultrahigh photocatalytic performance of hydrogen evolution from dry methanol with a quantum yield of 90.8% that is ∼1385 times higher than pure TiO2-x NSs upon 365 nm light irradiation. The high H2 generation rate (607 mmol gcata-1 h-1) of Pt/TiO2-x-SAP is the basis for its potential applications in the transportation field with irradiation of UV-visible light (100 mW cm-2). Finally, lower adsorption energy for HCHO on Ti sites originated from TiO2 (001) doping single-atom Pt is responsible for high selective dehydrogenation of methanol to HCHO, and H tends to favorably gather at Pt NPs on the TiO2 (101) surface to produce H2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyang Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P. R. China
| | - Haiyue Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P. R. China
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P. R. China
| | - Baicheng Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P. R. China
| | - Hanqing Wang
- Hunan Engineering Research Centre of Full Life-cycle Energy-efficient Buildings and Environmental Health, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, P. R. China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, P. R. China
| | - Yu Mao
- Hunan Engineering Research Centre of Full Life-cycle Energy-efficient Buildings and Environmental Health, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, P. R. China
| | - Liyong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, P. R. China
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15
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Guo X, Ma Z, Yuan Y, Kang Y, Xu H, Mao Z, Ma Y. Photoinduced Absorption Spectroscopy of Photoelectrocatalytic Methylene Blue Oxidation on Titania and Hematite: The Thermodynamic and Kinetic Impacts on Reaction Pathways. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2206685. [PMID: 36683174 PMCID: PMC10037980 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical oxidation of methylene blue is investigated, with particular focus on the difference in kinetics and thermodynamics of decoloration and mineralization employing photoinduced absorption spectroscopy. Hematite and titania photoanodes are used for the comparison of both reactions, which is determined to be associated with the depth of the valence band (3.2 vs 2.5 V for titania and hematite, respectively). Methylene blue is mineralized by the titania photoanode, however it is only oxidized to small fragments by hematite. Such difference is related to the valence band potential that provides the thermodynamic driving force for photogenerated holes in both materials. In addition, the kinetic competition of water oxidation is found to occur on titania by controlling the pH of the electrolyte. In the pH 14 electrolyte, mineralization of methylene blue is suppressed due to the faster and dominant kinetics of water oxidation, in contrast to the complete mineralization in the near neutral electrolyte where water oxidation kinetics are modest. These results clearly address the importance considering both thermodynamic and kinetic challenges of methylene blue oxidation, which has been thought to be an easy molecule to oxidize, as the model reaction in the application of photo(electro)catalysis using metal oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Guo
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco‐Textile, Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Zixuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco‐Textile, Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Yuling Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco‐Textile, Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Yan Kang
- Shanghai Jahwa United Co., Ltd.Shanghai200082China
| | - Hong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco‐Textile, Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Zhiping Mao
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco‐Textile, Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
- National Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing & Finishing TechnologyShandong Zhongkang Guochuang Research Institute of Advanced Dyeing & Finishing Technology Co., Ltd.Taian CityShandong Province271000China
| | - Yimeng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco‐Textile, Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
- National Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing & Finishing TechnologyShandong Zhongkang Guochuang Research Institute of Advanced Dyeing & Finishing Technology Co., Ltd.Taian CityShandong Province271000China
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16
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Hessel C, Perini N, Sitta E. The role of scavengers in the CdS film corrosion. J Solid State Electrochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-022-05363-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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17
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Ramakrishnan V, Tsyganok A, Davydova E, Pavan MJ, Rothschild A, Visoly-Fisher I. Competitive Photo-Oxidation of Water and Hole Scavengers on Hematite Photoanodes: Photoelectrochemical and Operando Raman Spectroelectrochemistry Study. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Ramakrishnan
- Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental and Energy Research, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion8499000, Israel
| | - Anton Tsyganok
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion − Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa3200002, Israel
| | - Elena Davydova
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion − Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa3200002, Israel
| | - Mariela J. Pavan
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva8410501, Israel
| | - Avner Rothschild
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion − Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa3200002, Israel
- The Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion − Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa3200002, Israel
| | - Iris Visoly-Fisher
- Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental and Energy Research, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion8499000, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva8410501, Israel
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18
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Pulignani C, Mesa CA, Hillman SAJ, Uekert T, Giménez S, Durrant JR, Reisner E. Rational Design of Carbon Nitride Photoelectrodes with High Activity Toward Organic Oxidations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202211587. [PMID: 36224107 PMCID: PMC10099510 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nitride (CNx ) is a light-absorber with excellent performance in photocatalytic suspension systems, but the activity of CNx photoelectrodes has remained low. Here, cyanamide-functionalized CNx (NCN CNx ) was co-deposited with ITO nanoparticles on a 1.8 Å thick alumina-coated FTO electrode. Transient absorption spectroscopy and impedance measurements support that ITO acts as a conductive binder and improves electron extraction from the NCN CNx , whilst the alumina underlayer reduces recombination losses between the ITO and the FTO glass. The Al2 O3 |ITO : NCN CNx film displays a benchmark performance for CNx -based photoanodes with an onset of -0.4 V vs a reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), and 1.4±0.2 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V vs RHE during AM1.5G irradiation for the selective oxidation of 4-methylbenzyl alcohol. This assembly strategy will improve the exploration of CNx in fundamental and applied photoelectrochemical (PEC) studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Pulignani
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Camilo A. Mesa
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM) Universitat Jaume I (UJI) 12006 Castelló de la Plana, Castellón Spain
| | - Sam A. J. Hillman
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics Imperial College London London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Taylor Uekert
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Sixto Giménez
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM) Universitat Jaume I (UJI) 12006 Castelló de la Plana, Castellón Spain
| | - James R. Durrant
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics Imperial College London London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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19
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Grinberg VA, Emets VV, Mayorova NA, Averin AA, Shiryaev AA. Photoelectrocatalytic Properties of a Ti-Modified Nanocrystalline Hematite Film Photoanode. Catalysts 2022; 12:1243. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12101243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of methanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthol on thin-film nanocrystalline hematite electrodes fabricated by electrochemical deposition and promoted with spin-coated titanium has been studied. It is shown that the modification of hematite transforms it into material exhibiting high activity in the photoelectrochemical process of substrate oxidation upon illumination with light in the visible region of the spectrum. The highest activity is observed in the reaction of photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of glycerol. Results of intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS) suggest that the effect is due to an increased rate of charge transfer in the process of photoelectro-oxidation and efficient suppression of the recombination of generated electron-hole pairs. Therefore, thin-film photoanodes based on modified hematite are promising for practical application in the photooxidation of glycerol, a by-product of biofuel production, as well as in the photoelectrochemical degradation of other organic pollutants, including those formed during the production of pharmaceuticals.
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20
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Deitermann M, Huang Z, Lechler S, Merko M, Muhler M. Non‐Classical Conversion of Methanol to Formaldehyde. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202200083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Deitermann
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Zjian Huang
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Sebastian Lechler
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Mariia Merko
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Martin Muhler
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
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21
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Grinberg VA, Emets VV, Mayorova NA, Averin AA, Tsodikov MV, Maslov DA. Methanol Photoelectrooxidation on Hematite Films Modified with TiO2, Bi, and Co. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193522080055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Ghorui UK, Mondal P, Adhikary B, Mondal A, Sarkar A. Newly designed one‐pot in‐situ synthesis of VS2/rGO nanocomposite to explore its electrochemical behavior towards oxygen electrode reactions. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uday Kumar Ghorui
- IIEST Shibpur: Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Chemistry INDIA
| | - Papri Mondal
- IIEST Shibpur: Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Chemistry INDIA
| | - Bibhutosh Adhikary
- IIEST Shibpur: Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Chemistry INDIA
| | - Anup Mondal
- IIEST Chemistry Botanic Garden 711103 HOWRAH INDIA
| | - Arpita Sarkar
- IIEST Shibpur: Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Chemistry INDIA
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23
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Berardi S, Cristino V, Bignozzi CA, Grandi S, Caramori S. Hematite-based photoelectrochemical interfaces for solar fuel production. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.120862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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24
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Yuan J, Yuan Y, Zhang J, Xu H, Mao Z, Ma Y. Mechanistic Insights into Selective Acetaldehyde Formation from Ethanol Oxidation on Hematite Photoanodes by Operando Spectroelectrochemistry. ChemSusChem 2022; 15:e202102313. [PMID: 34978391 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study employed operando spectroelectrochemical l and photoelectrochemical methods to investigate the charge carrier dynamics of photogenerated holes in hematite for ethanol oxidation and its possible over-oxidation. Ethanol oxidation was found to form acetaldehyde with around 100 % initial selectivity and faradaic efficiency. The overoxidation of acetaldehyde was suppressed by being unable to kinetically compete with ethanol oxidation in terms of turnover frequency by a factor of ten. Temperature-dependent rate law analyses were applied to determine the activation energies of these two oxidations. For the ethanol oxidation, the activation energy was 195 meV, compared to 398 meV for acetaldehyde oxidation. These results were correlated with the valence band potential to elucidate the advantage of using hematite for safer and sustainable value-added aldehyde synthesis compared to the industrial method. The dynamics of ethanol oxidation also addressed the challenges in broad-spectrum deep oxidation of organic compounds in water purification using metal oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhe Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuling Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhiping Mao
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, P. R. China
- National Manufacturing Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing and Finishing Technology, 271000, Taian City, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Yimeng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, P. R. China
- National Manufacturing Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing and Finishing Technology, 271000, Taian City, Shandong Province, P. R. China
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26
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Abstract
In photochemical production of hydrogen from water, the hole-mediated oxidation reaction is the rate-determining step. A poor solar-to-hydrogen efficiency is usually related to a mismatch between the internal quantum efficiency of photon-induced hole generation and the apparent quantum yield of hydrogen. This waste of photogenerated holes is unwanted yet unavoidable. Although great progress has been made, we are still far away from the required level of dexterity to deal with the associated challenges of wasted holes and its consequential chemical effects that have placed one of the greatest bottlenecks in attaining high solar-to-hydrogen efficiency. A critical assessment of the hole and its related phenomena in solar hydrogen production would, therefore, pave the way moving forward. In this regard, we focus on the contextual and conceptual understanding of the dynamics and kinetics of photogenerated holes and its critical role in driving redox reactions, with the objective of guiding future research. The main reasons behind and consequences of unused holes are examined and different approaches to improve overall efficiency are outlined. We also highlight yet unsolved research questions related to holes in solar fuel production.
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27
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Li Z, Wang W, Wang X, Li Y, Zhang N, Zhong M, Zou Z. Effects of Transition Metal Doping on Electronic Structure of Metastable β-Fe2O3 photocatalyst for solar-to-hydrogen conversion. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:6958-6963. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00078d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metastable β-Fe2O3 is a promising photocatalyst with a band gap of approximately 1.9 eV, while its intrinsic material properties are rarely studied by theoretical calculations. Here, using density functional theory,...
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28
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Kim S, An E, Oh I, Hwang JB, Seo S, Jung Y, Park JC, Choi H, Choi CH, Lee S. CeO 2 nanoarray decorated Ce-doped ZnO nanowire photoanode for efficient hydrogen production with glycerol as a sacrificial agent. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00558a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) biomass oxidation by the substitution of an oxygen evolution reaction is considered a promising strategy for efficient hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungkyu Kim
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic Korea
| | - Eunui An
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic Korea
| | - Inhyeok Oh
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic Korea
| | - Jun Beom Hwang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic Korea
| | - Sehun Seo
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic Korea
| | - Yoonsung Jung
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic Korea
| | - Jun-Cheol Park
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic Korea
| | - Hansol Choi
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic Korea
| | - Chang Hyuck Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghan Lee
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic Korea
- Research Center for Innovative Energy and Carbon Optimized Synthesis for Chemicals (Inn-ECOSysChem), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic Korea
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Rettenmaier K, Berger T. Impact of Nanoparticle Consolidation on Charge Separation Efficiency in Anatase TiO 2 Films. Front Chem 2021; 9:772116. [PMID: 34858947 PMCID: PMC8631187 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.772116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous films and electrodes were prepared from aqueous slurries of isolated anatase TiO2 nanoparticles. The resulting layers were annealed in air at temperatures 100°C ≤ T ≤ 450°C upon preservation of internal surface area, crystallite size and particle size. The impact of processing temperature on charge separation efficiency in nanoparticle electrodes was tracked via photocurrent measurements in the presence of methanol as a hole acceptor. Thermal annealing leads to an increase of the saturated photocurrent and thus of the charge separation efficiency at positive potentials. Furthermore, a shift of capacitive peaks in the cyclic voltammograms of the nanoparticle electrodes points to the modification of the energy of deep traps. Population of these traps triggers recombination possibly due to the action of local electrostatic fields attracting photogenerated holes. Consequently, photocurrents saturate at potentials, at which deep traps are mostly depopulated. Charge separation efficiency was furthermore investigated for nanoparticle films and was tracked via the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Our observations evidence an increase of charge separation efficiency upon thermal annealing. The effect of particle consolidation, which we associate with minute atomic rearrangements at particle/particle contacts, is attributed to the energetic modification of deep traps and corresponding modifications of charge transport and recombination, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Rettenmaier
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Berger
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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30
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Wang X, Hu J, Qu J, Cao G, Jin J, Yang X. Chemical Kinetics of Parallel Consuming Processes for Photogenerated Charges at the Semiconductor Surfaces: A Theoretical Classical Calculation. Catal Letters. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03832-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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31
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Francàs L, Selim S, Corby S, Lee D, Mesa CA, Pastor E, Choi KS, Durrant JR. Water oxidation kinetics of nanoporous BiVO 4 photoanodes functionalised with nickel/iron oxyhydroxide electrocatalysts. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7442-7452. [PMID: 34163834 PMCID: PMC8171343 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06429g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, spectroelectrochemical techniques are employed to analyse the catalytic water oxidation performance of a series of three nickel/iron oxyhydroxide electrocatalysts deposited on FTO and BiVO4, at neutral pH. Similar electrochemical water oxidation performance is observed for each of the FeOOH, Ni(Fe)OOH and FeOOHNiOOH electrocatalysts studied, which is found to result from a balance between degree of charge accumulation and rate of water oxidation. Once added onto BiVO4 photoanodes, a large enhancement in the water oxidation photoelectrochemical performance is observed in comparison to the un-modified BiVO4. To understand the origin of this enhancement, the films were evaluated through time-resolved optical spectroscopic techniques, allowing comparisons between electrochemical and photoelectrochemical water oxidation. For all three catalysts, fast hole transfer from BiVO4 to the catalyst is observed in the transient absorption data. Using operando photoinduced absorption measurements, we find that water oxidation is driven by oxidised states within the catalyst layer, following hole transfer from BiVO4. This charge transfer is correlated with a suppression of recombination losses which result in remarkably enhanced water oxidation performance relative to un-modified BiVO4. Moreover, despite similar electrocatalytic behaviour of all three electrocatalysts, we show that variations in water oxidation performance observed among the BiVO4/MOOH photoanodes stem from differences in photoelectrochemical and electrochemical charge accumulation in the catalyst layers. Under illumination, the amount of accumulated charge in the catalyst is driven by the injection of photogenerated holes from BiVO4, which is further affected by the recombination loss at the BiVO4/MOOH interface, and thus leads to deviations from their behaviour as standalone electrocatalysts. Elucidating the role of charge accumulation and reaction kinetics in governing the performance of Ni/Fe oxyhydroxides as electrocatalysts and as co-catalysts on BiVO4 photoanodes water oxidation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Francàs
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Shababa Selim
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Sacha Corby
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - Camilo A Mesa
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Ernest Pastor
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Kyoung-Shin Choi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - James R Durrant
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
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32
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Wagner DR, Ament K, Mayr L, Martin T, Bloesser A, Schmalz H, Marschall R, Wagner FE, Breu J. Terrestrial solar radiation driven photodecomposition of ciprofloxacin in clinical wastewater applying mesostructured iron(III) oxide. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:6222-6231. [PMID: 32996090 PMCID: PMC7838145 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10899-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cationic cylindrical polymer brushes based on polybutadiene-block-poly(2-vinylpyridine) were applied as structure-directing agent for mesostructuring Fe2O3 nanoparticles into nanotubes. After temperature-controlled template removal, the obtained non-woven catalysts were tested for the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin under terrestrial solar radiation. At a slightly basic pH value, as typically encountered in clinical wastewaters, the mesostructured Fe2O3 shows a 4.5 times faster degradation of ciprofloxacin than commercial Aeroxide® TiO2 P25. Even wide-bandgap ZnO, mesostructured in the same way, is 1.6 times slower. Moreover, the non-woven-like structure of the catalyst allows for easy recovery of the catalyst and operation in a continuous flow reactor. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Wagner
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Kevin Ament
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Lina Mayr
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Thomas Martin
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - André Bloesser
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Holger Schmalz
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Roland Marschall
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Friedrich E Wagner
- Physics-Department E15, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Josef Breu
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
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33
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Li J, Wan W, Triana CA, Chen H, Zhao Y, Mavrokefalos CK, Patzke GR. Reaction kinetics and interplay of two different surface states on hematite photoanodes for water oxidation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:255. [PMID: 33431853 PMCID: PMC7801602 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the function of surface states on photoanodes is crucial for unraveling the underlying reaction mechanisms of water oxidation. For hematite photoanodes, only one type of surface states with higher oxidative energy (S1) has been proposed and verified as reaction intermediate, while the other surface state located at lower potentials (S2) was assigned to inactive or recombination sites. Through employing rate law analyses and systematical (photo)electrochemical characterizations, here we show that S2 is an active reaction intermediate for water oxidation as well. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the reaction kinetics and dynamic interactions of both S1 and S2 depend significantly on operational parameters, such as illumination intensity, nature of the electrolyte, and applied potential. These insights into the individual reaction kinetics and the interplay of both surface states are decisive for designing efficient photoanodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingguo Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wenchao Wan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carlos A Triana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yonggui Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christos K Mavrokefalos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Greta R Patzke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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34
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Perini N, Hessel C, Bott-neto JL, Pires CTGVMT, Fernandez PS, Sitta E. Photoelectrochemical oxidation of glycerol on hematite: thermal effects, in situ FTIR and long-term HPLC product analysis. J Solid State Electrochem 2021; 25:1101-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-020-04878-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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35
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Zhang M, Chu X, Zhang H, Huang F, Liu P, Li S. Interface engineering of a hierarchical Zn xCd 1-xS architecture with favorable kinetics for high-performance solar water splitting. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:9347-9356. [PMID: 33885073 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06489k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Manipulating the charge carrier transport in photoactive materials is a big challenge toward high efficiency solar water splitting. Herein, we designed a hierarchical ZnxCd1-xS architecture for tuning the interfacial charge transfer kinetics. The in situ growth of ZnxCd1-xS nanoflakes on ZnO backbones provided low interfacial resistance for charge separation. With this special configuration, the optimized Zn0.33Cd0.67S photoanode achieved significantly enhanced performance with a photocurrent density of 10.67 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V versus RHE under AM1.5G solar light irradiation, which is about 14.1 and 2.5 times higher than that of the pristine ZnO and CdS nanoparticle decorated ZnO photoanodes, respectively. After coating a thin SiO2 layer, the photostability of the hierarchical Zn0.33Cd0.67S photoanode is greatly enhanced with 92.33% of the initial value retained under 3600 s continuous light illumination. The prominent PEC activity of the hierarchical ZnxCd1-xS nanorod arrays can be ascribed to an enhanced charge transfer rate aroused by the binder-free interfacial heterojunction, and the improved reaction kinetics at the electrode-electrolyte interface, which is evidenced by electrochemically active surface area measurements and intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy analysis. This interfacial heterojunction strategy provides a promising pathway to prepare high performance photoelectrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhang
- AnHui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University) Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Physics and Materials Science, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China.
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36
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Mesa CA, Rao RR, Francàs L, Corby S, Durrant JR. Reply to: Questioning the rate law in the analysis of water oxidation catalysis on haematite photoanodes. Nat Chem 2020; 12:1099-1101. [PMID: 33168963 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-00570-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camilo A Mesa
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Castelló, Spain.,Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Universidad Central, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Reshma R Rao
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Laia Francàs
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sacha Corby
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - James R Durrant
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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37
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Abstract
In pursuit of inexpensive and earth abundant photocatalysts for solar hydrogen production from water, conjugated polymers have shown potential to be a viable alternative to widely used inorganic counterparts. The photocatalytic performance of polymeric photocatalysts, however, is very poor in comparison to that of inorganic photocatalysts. Most of the organic photocatalysts are active in hydrogen production only when a sacrificial electron donor (SED) is added into the solution, and their high performances often rely on presence of noble metal co-catalyst (e.g. Pt). For pursuing a carbon neutral and cost-effective green hydrogen production, unassisted hydrogen production solely from water is one of the critical requirements to translate a mere bench-top research interest into the real world applications. Although this is a generic problem for both inorganic and organic types of photocatalysts, organic photocatalysts are mostly investigated in the half-reaction, and have so far shown limited success in hydrogen production from overall water-splitting. To make progress, this article exclusively discusses critical factors that are limiting the overall water-splitting in organic photocatalysts. Additionally, we also have extended the discussion to issues related to stability, accurate reporting of the hydrogen production as well as challenges to be resolved to reach 10 % STH (solar-to-hydrogen) conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rahman
- Department of Materials Sciences and EngineeringDivision of Solid State PhysicsAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySweden
| | - Haining Tian
- Department of ChemistryDivision of Physical chemistryAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySweden
| | - Tomas Edvinsson
- Department of Materials Sciences and EngineeringDivision of Solid State PhysicsAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySweden
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38
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Kormányos A, Kecsenovity E, Honarfar A, Pullerits T, Janáky C. Hybrid FeNiOOH/α-Fe 2O 3/Graphene Photoelectrodes with Advanced Water Oxidation Performance. Adv Funct Mater 2020; 30:2002124. [PMID: 32774199 PMCID: PMC7405979 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202002124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the photoelectrochemical behavior of electrodeposited FeNiOOH/Fe2O3/graphene nanohybrid electrodes is investigated, which has precisely controlled structure and composition. The photoelectrode assembly is designed in a bioinspired manner where each component has its own function: Fe2O3 is responsible for the absorption of light, the graphene framework for proper charge carrier transport, while the FeNiOOH overlayer for facile water oxidation. The effect of each component on the photoelectrochemical behavior is studied by linear sweep photovoltammetry, incident photon-to-charge carrier conversion efficiency measurements, and long-term photoelectrolysis. 2.6 times higher photocurrents are obtained for the best-performing FeNiOOH/Fe2O3/graphene system compared to its pristine Fe2O3 counterpart. Transient absorption spectroscopy measurements reveal an increased hole-lifetime in the case of the Fe2O3/graphene samples. Long-term photoelectrolysis measurements in combination with Raman spectroscopy, however, prove that the underlying nanocarbon framework is corroded by the photogenerated holes. This issue is tackled by the electrodeposition of a thin FeNiOOH overlayer, which rapidly accepts the photogenerated holes from Fe2O3, thus eliminating the pathway leading to the corrosion of graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Kormányos
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of SzegedSzegedH‐6720Hungary
| | - Egon Kecsenovity
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of SzegedSzegedH‐6720Hungary
| | - Alireza Honarfar
- Chemical Physics and NanoLundLund UniversityBox 124Lund22100Sweden
| | - Tönu Pullerits
- Chemical Physics and NanoLundLund UniversityBox 124Lund22100Sweden
| | - Csaba Janáky
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of SzegedSzegedH‐6720Hungary
- ELI‐ALPSELI‐HU Non‐Profit Ltd.Wolfgang Sandner utca 3SzegedH‐6728Hungary
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39
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Satra J, Ghorui UK, Mondal P, Bhadu GR, Adhikary B. One pot solvent assisted syntheses of Ag 3SbS 3 nanocrystals and exploring their phase dependent electrochemical behavior toward oxygen reduction reaction and visible light induced methanol oxidation reaction. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:9464-9479. [PMID: 32602491 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01012j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A huge variety of silver based ternary sulfide semiconductors (SCs) have been considered for the sustainable advancement of renewable energy sources. Herein, we have synthesized two important classes of newly emerging semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) Ag3SbS3 (SAS), i.e. hexagonal and monoclinic by simply tuning the solvent polarity, of which the second one has been synthesized in a phase pure NC for the first time by the thermal decomposition of silver and antimony based dithiocarbamate (∼N-CS2-M) complexes. Interestingly, these two systems exhibit two different semiconducting (SC) properties and band gaps; hexagonal SAS has a p type (Eg ∼ 1.65 eV) whereas monoclinic SAS has an n type (Eg ∼ 2.1 eV) character. For the first time ever we have designed a reducing working electrode (i.e. cathode) by modifying the rotating disc electrode (RDE) with hexagonal SAS that exhibits excellent electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity (Eonset = 1.09 V vs. RHE and average number of electron transfer: 3.89) comparable to that of the highly expensive Pt/C (Eonset = 0.88 V vs. RHE and average number of electron transfer: 3.92). Density functional theory (DFT) investigation confirms the corroborations of experimental data with theoretical implications. In addition, the electrode fabricated from monoclinic SAS acts as an efficient photoanode which exhibits higher photoelectrochemical (PEC) methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) activity under illumination in alkaline medium compared to that of standard TiO2 grown on an indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass slide. On illumination, the relative photocurrent density at the onset potential has been obtained to be 845 which is a very significant experimental output with respect to any other TiO2 or Pt@TiO2 based photocatalysts for this application. The physicochemical stability and reusability of both materials were supported by 50 hours of extended electrochemical chronoamperometric measurements and powder XRD and the TEM analyses after electrocatalysis. This study explores a possible pathway for designing simple and less expensive but catalytically efficient silver based ternary sulfide NC systems for developing an SC material to reduce the energy crisis in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jit Satra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, West Bengal, India.
| | - Uday Kumar Ghorui
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, West Bengal, India.
| | - Papri Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, West Bengal, India.
| | - Gopala Ram Bhadu
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364021, Gujarat, India
| | - Bibhutosh Adhikary
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, West Bengal, India.
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40
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Rahman M, Tian H, Edvinsson T. Revisiting the Limiting Factors for Overall Water‐Splitting on Organic Photocatalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rahman
- Department of Materials Sciences and EngineeringDivision of Solid State PhysicsAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala University Sweden
| | - Haining Tian
- Department of ChemistryDivision of Physical chemistryAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala University Sweden
| | - Tomas Edvinsson
- Department of Materials Sciences and EngineeringDivision of Solid State PhysicsAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala University Sweden
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Abstract
Photoredox catalysis (PRC) and synthetic organic electrochemistry (SOE) are often considered competing technologies in organic synthesis. Their fusion has been largely overlooked. We review state-of-the-art synthetic organic photoelectrochemistry, grouping examples into three categories: 1) electrochemically mediated photoredox catalysis (e-PRC), 2) decoupled photoelectrochemistry (dPEC), and 3) interfacial photoelectrochemistry (iPEC). Such synergies prove beneficial not only for synthetic "greenness" and chemical selectivity, but also in the accumulation of energy for accessing super-oxidizing or -reducing single electron transfer (SET) agents. Opportunities and challenges in this emerging and exciting field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P. Barham
- Universität RegensburgFakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Burkhard König
- Universität RegensburgFakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie93040RegensburgGermany
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42
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P. Barham
- Universität Regensburg Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Burkhard König
- Universität Regensburg Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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43
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Abstract
Currently, photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical reactions show poor utilization of photoenergy, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Previous investigations focused on the undesirable band edge energetics rooted in point defects, while targeted solutions for band edge engineering seldom promote the performance of the reactions. In this study, the suppression of point defects for band edge engineering is studied in a model of titanium-doped Ta3N5 by means of density functional theory and impurity scattering. On the basis of the calculated impurity scattering mobility, the point defects in Ta3N5 will result in neutral impurity scattering, suppressing the kinetics of bulk charge transports. Introduced titanium dopants for band edge engineering are probably compensated by the point defects, leading to ineffective band edge engineering for Ta3N5. In addition, compensations between point defects and titanium dopants result in ionized impurity scattering, aggravating the bulk charge transport in Ta3N5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Huiting Huang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
- College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, 8 Fochengxi Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Zhaosheng Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhigang Zou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
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44
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Xiao C, Zhou Z, Li L, Wu S, Li X. Tin and Oxygen-Vacancy Co-doping into Hematite Photoanode for Improved Photoelectrochemical Performances. Nanoscale Res Lett 2020; 15:54. [PMID: 32130553 PMCID: PMC7056762 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-3287-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Hematite (α-Fe2O3) material is regarded as a promising candidate for solar-driven water splitting because of the low cost, chemical stability, and appropriate bandgap; however, the corresponding system performances are limited by the poor electrical conductivity, short diffusion length of minority carrier, and sluggish oxygen evolution reaction. Here, we introduce the in situ Sn doping into the nanoworm-like α-Fe2O3 film with ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method. We show that the current density at 1.23 V vs. RHE (Jph@1.23V) under one-sun illumination can be improved from 10 to 130 μA/cm2 after optimizing the Sn dopant density. Moreover, Jph@1.23V can be further enhanced 25-folds compared to the untreated counterpart via the post-rapid thermal process (RTP), which is used to introduce the defect doping of oxygen vacancy. Photoelectrochemical impedance spectrum and Mott-Schottky analysis indicate that the performance improvement can be ascribed to the increased carrier density and the decreased resistances for the charge trapping on the surface states and the surface charge transferring into the electrolyte. X-ray photoelectron spectrum and X-ray diffraction confirm the existence of Sn and oxygen vacancy, and the potential influences of varying levels of Sn doping and oxygen vacancy are discussed. Our work points out one universal approach to efficiently improve the photoelectrochemical performances of the metal oxide semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhong Xiao
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhou
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liujing Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaolong Wu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
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45
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Chen M, Wang C, Meng H, Mo F, Fu Y. A novel signal self-enhancement photoelectrochemical immunosensor without addition of a sacrificial agent in solution based on Ag2S/CuS/α-Fe2O3 n–p–n heterostructure films. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:2300-2303. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09721j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel signal self-enhancement photoelectrochemical immuno-sensor has been developed based on the curing of sacrificial agent SO32− coated-Au NPs sensitizing Ag2S/CuS/α-Fe2O3 n–p–n hetero-structure films for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Cun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Hui Meng
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Fangjing Mo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Yingzi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
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46
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Meng XJ, Pan YZ, Mo SK, Wang HS, Tang HT, Pan YM. Electrochemical α-methoxymethylation and aminomethylation of propiophenones using methanol as a green C1 source. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00593b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We have developed an efficient and convenient strategy for the straightforward α-methoxymethylation and aminomethylation of a series of propiophenones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Jin Meng
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Zhou Pan
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Kun Mo
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- People's Republic of China
| | - Heng-Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Tao Tang
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Ming Pan
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- People's Republic of China
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47
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Abstract
It is common that dopants enhance the conductivity of hematite Fe2O3, a popular photoanode, but the origin of the enhancement remains unclear. We establish the detailed mechanism by performing ab initio molecular dynamics simulations on electron polarons (EPs) in Fe2O3, obtained by an excess electron (e@EP) and a substitutional Si doping (Si@EP). For the first time, we observe EP hopping in both pristine and doped Fe2O3. We find that the neighboring Fe-Fe distance is the main driving force for the EP hopping, which occurs by the adiabatic charge transfer mechanism. The EP transport is determined by interplay of probabilities to reach a favorable configuration and to hop in that configuration. The hopping barrier decreases as the Fe-Fe distance decreases; however, hops can take place at larger Fe-Fe distances, because such configurations are easier to achieve. Importantly, we demonstrate that the Si dopant speeds up the EP transfer process by increasing the EP mobility. The origin can be ascribed to the following three factors: longer Fe-O bonds, smaller activation energies, and creation of low energy metastable EP states, in Si@EP Fe2O3 compared to e@EP Fe2O3. Interestingly, the EP hopping is random in e@EP Fe2O3, but quasi-random in Si@EP Fe2O3 with specific pathways promoting efficient EP transfer. These new findings greatly enrich the understanding of charge transport in Fe2O3 photoanodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Zhou
- Chemical Engineering and Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education , Chang'an University , Xi'an 710064 , P. R. China
| | - Run Long
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , P. R. China
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Deparment of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
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48
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Günnemann C, Curti M, Gerrit Eckert J, Schneider J, Bahnemann DW. Tailoring the Photoelectrochemical Activity of TiO
2
Electrodes by Multilayer Screen‐Printing. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Günnemann
- Institut für Technische ChemieGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover 30167 Germany
| | - Mariano Curti
- Institut für Technische ChemieGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover 30167 Germany
| | - J. Gerrit Eckert
- Institut für Technische ChemieGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover 30167 Germany
| | - Jenny Schneider
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC-27599 USA
| | - Detlef W. Bahnemann
- Institut für Technische ChemieGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover 30167 Germany
- Laboratory “Photoactive Nanocomposite Materials”Saint-Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg 198504 Russia
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49
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Francàs L, Corby S, Selim S, Lee D, Mesa CA, Godin R, Pastor E, Stephens IEL, Choi KS, Durrant JR. Spectroelectrochemical study of water oxidation on nickel and iron oxyhydroxide electrocatalysts. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5208. [PMID: 31729380 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Ni/Fe oxyhydroxides are the best performing Earth-abundant electrocatalysts for water oxidation. However, the origin of their remarkable performance is not well understood. Herein, we employ spectroelectrochemical techniques to analyse the kinetics of water oxidation on a series of Ni/Fe oxyhydroxide films: FeOOH, FeOOHNiOOH, and Ni(Fe)OOH (5% Fe). The concentrations and reaction rates of the oxidised states accumulated during catalysis are determined. Ni(Fe)OOH is found to exhibit the fastest reaction kinetics but accumulates fewer states, resulting in a similar performance to FeOOHNiOOH. The later catalytic onset in FeOOH is attributed to an anodic shift in the accumulation of oxidised states. Rate law analyses reveal that the rate limiting step for each catalyst involves the accumulation of four oxidised states, Ni-centred for Ni(Fe)OOH but Fe-centred for FeOOH and FeOOHNiOOH. We conclude by highlighting the importance of equilibria between these accumulated species and reactive intermediates in determining the activity of these materials.
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50
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Huang LW, Vo TG, Chiang CY. Converting glycerol aqueous solution to hydrogen energy and dihydroxyacetone by the BiVO4 photoelectrochemical cell. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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