1
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Sabattini S, Baldassarro VA, Zaccone R, Calzà L, Giardino L, Vascellari M, Lorenzini L, Moretti M, Marconato L. Dysregulated miRNAs in a canine model of haemangiosarcoma metastatic to the brain. Vet Comp Oncol 2024; 22:70-77. [PMID: 38112225 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Haemangiosarcoma is a highly metastatic and lethal cancer of blood vessel-forming cells that commonly spreads to the brain in both humans and dogs. Dysregulations in phosphatase and tensin (PTEN) homologue have been identified in various types of cancers, including haemangiosarcoma. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding single-stranded RNA molecules that play a crucial role in regulating the gene expression. Some miRNAs can function as oncogenes or tumour suppressors, influencing important processes in cancer, such as angiogenesis. This study aimed to investigate whether miRNAs targeting PTEN were disrupted in canine haemangiosarcoma and its corresponding brain metastases (BM). The expression levels of miRNA-10b, miRNA-19b, miRNA-21, miRNA-141 and miRNA-494 were assessed in samples of primary canine cardiac haemangiosarcomas and their matched BM. Furthermore, the miRNA profile of the tumours was compared to samples of adjacent non-cancerous tissue and healthy control tissues. In primary cardiac haemangiosarcoma, miRNA-10b showed a significant increase in expression, while miRNA-494 and miRNA-141 exhibited downregulation. Moreover, the overexpression of miRNA-10b was retained in metastatic brain lesions. Healthy tissues demonstrated significantly different expression patterns compared to cancerous tissues. In particular, the expression of miRNA-10b was nearly undetectable in both control brain tissue and perimetastatic cerebral tissue. These findings can provide a rationale for the development of miRNA-based therapeutic strategies, aimed at selectively treating haemangiosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sabattini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Zaccone
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Calzà
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luciana Giardino
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Vascellari
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Luca Lorenzini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marzia Moretti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRET Foundation, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Marconato
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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2
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Suzuki T, Henshaw MJ, Yanagi T, Aoshima K. Current understanding of comparative pathology and prospective research approaches for canine hemangiosarcoma. Res Vet Sci 2024; 167:105120. [PMID: 38150941 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a malignant tumor originating from endothelial cells. HSA typically develops in dogs, but is rare in other animals, including humans. Although surgery and chemotherapy are conventional treatments for HSA, neither treatment can significantly improve patient prognosis. To develop novel and effective therapeutics, a deeper understanding of HSA pathogenesis must be acquired. However, the limited research tools for HSA have been unable to make a breakthrough; therefore, it is crucial to widely utilize or establish novel research tools such as patient-derived xenograft models, organoids, and chicken embryo xenograft models. The pathogenesis of the human counterpart of HSA, angiosarcoma (AS), also remains incompletely understood, preventing the extrapolation of findings from humans to dogs, unlike other diseases. In this review, we summarize the clinicopathological and morphological features of HSA, and then we discuss the current understanding of the molecular pathology of HSA. Finally, we highlight promising research tools that may accelerate HSA basic research toward developing novel therapeutics. We also briefly summarize AS to help researchers comprehend HSA from the perspective of comparative pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamami Suzuki
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Michael James Henshaw
- English Education Section, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Teruki Yanagi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Keisuke Aoshima
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan; Cancer Research Unit, One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan.
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3
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Heishima K, Aketa N, Heishima M, Kawachi A. Hemangiosarcoma in dogs as a potential non-rodent animal model for drug discovery research of angiosarcoma in humans. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1250766. [PMID: 38130992 PMCID: PMC10733437 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1250766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the domestication of dogs 10,000 years ago, they have shared their living environment with humans and have co-evolved. The breeding process that dogs have undergone in only a few centuries has led to a significant accumulation of specific genetic alterations that could induce particular diseases in certain breeds. These canine diseases are similar to what is found in humans with several differences; therefore, comparing such diseases occurring in humans and dogs can help discover novel disease mechanisms, pathways, and causal genetic factors. Human angiosarcoma (AS) and canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA), which are sarcomas originating from endothelium, are examples of diseases shared between humans and dogs. They exhibit similar characteristics and clinical behaviors, although with some critical differences resulting from evolution. In this review, we will describe the similarities and differences in terms of clinical and molecular characteristics between human AS and canine HSA, and discuss how these similarities and differences can be applied to advance the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Heishima
- Institute for Advanced Study (GUiAS), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Naohiko Aketa
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Asuka Kawachi
- Division of Cancer RNA Research, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Klosowski M, Haines L, Alfino L, McMellen A, Leibowitz M, Regan D. Naturally occurring canine sarcomas: Bridging the gap from mouse models to human patients through cross-disciplinary research partnerships. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1130215. [PMID: 37035209 PMCID: PMC10076632 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1130215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Fueled by support from the National Cancer Institute's "Cancer Moonshot" program, the past few years have witnessed a renewed interest in the canine spontaneous cancer model as an invaluable resource in translational oncology research. Increasingly, there is awareness that pet dogs with cancer provide an accessible bridge to improving the efficiency of cancer drug discovery and clinical therapeutic development. Canine tumors share many biological, genetic, and histologic features with their human tumor counterparts, and most importantly, retain the complexities of naturally occurring drug resistance, metastasis, and tumor-host immune interactions, all of which are difficult to recapitulate in induced or genetically engineered murine tumor models. The utility of canine models has been particularly apparent in sarcoma research, where the increased incidence of sarcomas in dogs as compared to people has facilitated comparative research resulting in treatment advances benefitting both species. Although there is an increasing awareness of the advantages in using spontaneous canine sarcoma models for research, these models remain underutilized, in part due to a lack of more permanent institutional and cross-institutional infrastructure to support partnerships between veterinary and human clinician-scientists. In this review, we provide an updated overview of historical and current applications of spontaneously occurring canine tumor models in sarcoma research, with particular attention to knowledge gaps, limitations, and growth opportunities within these applications. Furthermore, we propose considerations for working within existing veterinary translational and comparative oncology research infrastructures to maximize the benefit of partnerships between veterinary and human biomedical researchers within and across institutions to improve the utility and application of spontaneous canine sarcomas in translational oncology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Klosowski
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Laurel Haines
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Lauren Alfino
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Alexandra McMellen
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Michael Leibowitz
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Daniel Regan
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- *Correspondence: Daniel Regan,
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Abstract
Dogs are remarkable, adaptable, and dependable creatures that have evolved alongside humans while contributing tremendously to our survival. Our canine companions share many similarities to human disease, particularly cancer. With the advancement of next-generation sequencing technology, we are beginning to unravel the complexity of cancer and the vast intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity that makes treatment difficult. Consequently, precision medicine has emerged as a therapeutic approach to improve patient survival by evaluating and classifying an individual tumor's molecular profile. Many canine and human cancers share striking similarities in terms of genotypic, phenotypic, clinical, and histological presentations. Dogs are superior to rodent models of cancer because they are a naturally heterogeneous population in which tumors occur spontaneously, are exposed to similar environmental conditions, and show more similarities in key modulators of tumorigenesis and clinical response, including the immune system, drug metabolism, and gut microbiome. In this chapter, we will explore various canine models of human cancers and emphasize the dog's critical role in advancing precision medicine and improving the survival of both man and man's best friend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Nance
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, United States; Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Abdul Mohin Sajib
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Bruce F Smith
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, United States; Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, United States.
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6
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Massimini M, Romanucci M, De Maria R, Della Salda L. An Update on Molecular Pathways Regulating Vasculogenic Mimicry in Human Osteosarcoma and Their Role in Canine Oncology. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:722432. [PMID: 34631854 PMCID: PMC8494780 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.722432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine tumors are valuable comparative models for human counterparts, especially to explore novel biomarkers and to understand pathways and processes involved in metastasis. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a unique property of malignant cancer cells which promote metastasis. Thus, it represents an opportunity to investigate both the molecular mechanisms and the therapeutic targets of a crucial phenotypic malignant switch. Although this biological process has been largely investigated in different human cancer types, including osteosarcoma, it is still largely unknown in veterinary pathology, where it has been mainly explored in canine mammary tumors. The presence of VM in human osteosarcoma is associated with poor clinical outcome, reduced patient survival, and increased risk of metastasis and it shares the main pathways involved in other type of human tumors. This review illustrates the main findings concerning the VM process in human osteosarcoma, search for the related current knowledge in canine pathology and oncology, and potential involvement of multiple pathways in VM formation, in order to provide a basis for future investigations on VM in canine tumors.
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7
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Griffin MA, Culp WTN, Rebhun RB. Canine and feline haemangiosarcoma. Vet Rec 2021; 189:e585. [PMID: 34213807 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Haemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a malignant neoplasm of dogs and cats that is suspected to originate from a pluripotent bone marrow progenitor with a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis. APPROACH Pertinent literature was identified, reviewed, and summarized for inclusion in the manuscript. RESULTS/INTERPRETATION Dogs are more frequently diagnosed with HSA than cats, and primary sites of this disease include dermal, subcutaneous/intramuscular, and visceral (most commonly the spleen). Dogs and cats with HSA generally have a poor prognosis owing to the rapid and widespread metastasis typically associated with this disease. However, some forms such as cutaneous HSA behave in a less aggressive fashion with improved outcomes. Surgical excision and anthracycline-based chemotherapy remain the mainstays of treatment, although novel treatment modalities are currently under investigation for potential roles in treatment of this disease. CONCLUSION This review aims to describe the clinical presentation and progression of the various forms of HSA in dogs and cats as well as to provide a systematic review of the veterinary literature with a focus on the various published treatment options and associated outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen A Griffin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - William T N Culp
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Robert B Rebhun
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
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8
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Wong K, Ludwig L, Krijgsman O, Adams DJ, Wood GA, van der Weyden L. Comparison of the oncogenomic landscape of canine and feline hemangiosarcoma shows novel parallels with human angiosarcoma. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm049044. [PMID: 34296746 PMCID: PMC8319545 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiosarcoma (AS) is a highly aggressive tumor of blood and lymphatic vessels in humans that shares many similarities with spontaneously occurring hemangiosarcoma (HSA) in dogs and cats. To investigate the genetic suitability of HSA as a model for AS, we sequenced ∼1000 cancer genes in 41 cases of HSA and matched germline tissue: 15 canine visceral HSAs, 13 canine skin HSAs and 13 feline skin HSAs. Analysis of visceral HSAs from dogs presenting with concurrent splenic and cardiac neoplasms showed that the tumors were not independent primaries, consistent with the highly metastatic nature of HSA. Comparison of HSA to AS revealed that several driver genes were recurrently mutated in both species, such as TP53, PIK3CA, ATRX, GRIN2A and LRP1B. Similar to AS, a UV mutational signature was found in a subset of canine cutaneous HSAs and both species show differing mutational profiles between tissue sites. Our characterization of canine and feline HSA demonstrates many important parallels to AS and provides hope that future studies on these cancers will benefit of all three species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Wong
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Latasha Ludwig
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E., Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Oscar Krijgsman
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David J. Adams
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Geoffrey A. Wood
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E., Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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9
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Gulay KCM, Aoshima K, Shibata Y, Yasui H, Yan Q, Kobayashi A, Kimura T. KDM2B promotes cell viability by enhancing DNA damage response in canine hemangiosarcoma. J Genet Genomics 2021; 48:618-630. [PMID: 34023294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulators have been implicated in tumorigenesis of many types of cancer; however, their roles in endothelial cell cancers such as canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA) have not been studied. In this study, we find that lysine-specific demethylase 2b (KDM2B) is highly expressed in HSA cell lines compared with normal canine endothelial cells. Silencing of KDM2B in HSA cells results in increased cell death in vitro compared with the scramble control by inducing apoptosis through the inactivation of the DNA repair pathways and accumulation of DNA damage. Similarly, doxycycline-induced KDM2B silencing in tumor xenografts results in decreased tumor sizes compared with the control. Furthermore, KDM2B is also highly expressed in clinical cases of HSA. We hypothesize that pharmacological KDM2B inhibition can also induce HSA cell death and can be used as an alternative treatment for HSA. We treat HSA cells with GSK-J4, a histone demethylase inhibitor, and find that GSK-J4 treatment also induces apoptosis and cell death. In addition, GSK-J4 treatment decreases tumor size. Therefore, we demonstrate that KDM2B acts as an oncogene in HSA by enhancing the DNA damage response. Moreover, we show that histone demethylase inhibitor GSK-J4 can be used as a therapeutic alternative to doxorubicin for HSA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Christian Montecillo Gulay
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Keisuke Aoshima
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan.
| | - Yuki Shibata
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Hironobu Yasui
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Qin Yan
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Atsushi Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Takashi Kimura
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
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10
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Kim JH, Megquier K, Thomas R, Sarver AL, Song JM, Kim YT, Cheng N, Schulte AJ, Linden MA, Murugan P, Oseth L, Forster CL, Elvers I, Swofford R, Turner-Maier J, Karlsson EK, Breen M, Lindblad-Toh K, Modiano JF. Genomically Complex Human Angiosarcoma and Canine Hemangiosarcoma Establish Convergent Angiogenic Transcriptional Programs Driven by Novel Gene Fusions. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:847-861. [PMID: 33649193 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sporadic angiosarcomas are aggressive vascular sarcomas whose rarity and genomic complexity present significant obstacles in deciphering the pathogenic significance of individual genetic alterations. Numerous fusion genes have been identified across multiple types of cancers, but their existence and significance remain unclear in sporadic angiosarcomas. In this study, we leveraged RNA-sequencing data from 13 human angiosarcomas and 76 spontaneous canine hemangiosarcomas to identify fusion genes associated with spontaneous vascular malignancies. Ten novel protein-coding fusion genes, including TEX2-PECAM1 and ATP8A2-FLT1, were identified in seven of the 13 human tumors, with two tumors showing mutations of TP53. HRAS and NRAS mutations were found in angiosarcomas without fusions or TP53 mutations. We found 15 novel protein-coding fusion genes including MYO16-PTK2, GABRA3-FLT1, and AKT3-XPNPEP1 in 11 of the 76 canine hemangiosarcomas; these fusion genes were seen exclusively in tumors of the angiogenic molecular subtype that contained recurrent mutations in TP53, PIK3CA, PIK3R1, and NRAS. In particular, fusion genes and mutations of TP53 cooccurred in tumors with higher frequency than expected by random chance, and they enriched gene signatures predicting activation of angiogenic pathways. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of human angiosarcomas and canine hemangiosarcomas identified shared molecular signatures associated with activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. Our data suggest that genome instability induced by TP53 mutations might create a predisposition for fusion events that may contribute to tumor progression by promoting selection and/or enhancing fitness through activation of convergent angiogenic pathways in this vascular malignancy. IMPLICATIONS: This study shows that, while drive events of malignant vasoformative tumors of humans and dogs include diverse mutations and stochastic rearrangements that create novel fusion genes, convergent transcriptional programs govern the highly conserved morphologic organization and biological behavior of these tumors in both species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyuk Kim
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota. .,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Institute for Engineering in Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Kate Megquier
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Rachael Thomas
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Aaron L Sarver
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jung Min Song
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Yoon Tae Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nuojin Cheng
- School of Mathematics, College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ashley J Schulte
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Michael A Linden
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Paari Murugan
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - LeAnn Oseth
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Colleen L Forster
- The University of Minnesota Biological Materials Procurement Network (BioNet), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ingegerd Elvers
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ross Swofford
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Elinor K Karlsson
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew Breen
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Cancer Genetics Program, University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Kerstin Lindblad-Toh
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Institute for Engineering in Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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11
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Saha J, Kim JH, Amaya CN, Witcher C, Khammanivong A, Korpela DM, Brown DR, Taylor J, Bryan BA, Dickerson EB. Propranolol Sensitizes Vascular Sarcoma Cells to Doxorubicin by Altering Lysosomal Drug Sequestration and Drug Efflux. Front Oncol 2021; 10:614288. [PMID: 33598432 PMCID: PMC7882688 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.614288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiosarcoma is a rare cancer of blood vessel-forming cells with a high patient mortality and few treatment options. Although chemotherapy often produces initial clinical responses, outcomes remain poor, largely due to the development of drug resistance. We previously identified a subset of doxorubicin-resistant cells in human angiosarcoma and canine hemangiosarcoma cell lines that exhibit high lysosomal accumulation of doxorubicin. Hydrophobic, weak base chemotherapeutics, like doxorubicin, are known to sequester within lysosomes, promoting resistance by limiting drug accessibility to cellular targets. Drug synergy between the beta adrenergic receptor (β-AR) antagonist, propranolol, and multiple chemotherapeutics has been documented in vitro, and clinical data have corroborated the increased therapeutic potential of propranolol with chemotherapy in angiosarcoma patients. Because propranolol is also a weak base and accumulates in lysosomes, we sought to determine whether propranolol enhanced doxorubicin cytotoxicity via antagonism of β-ARs or by preventing the lysosomal accumulation of doxorubicin. β-AR-like immunoreactivities were confirmed in primary tumor tissues and cell lines; receptor function was verified by monitoring downstream signaling pathways of β-ARs in response to receptor agonists and antagonists. Mechanistically, propranolol increased cytoplasmic doxorubicin concentrations in sarcoma cells by decreasing the lysosomal accumulation and cellular efflux of this chemotherapeutic agent. Equivalent concentrations of the receptor-active S-(-) and -inactive R-(+) enantiomers of propranolol produced similar effects, supporting a β-AR-independent mechanism. Long-term exposure of hemangiosarcoma cells to propranolol expanded both lysosomal size and number, yet cells remained sensitive to doxorubicin in the presence of propranolol. In contrast, removal of propranolol increased cellular resistance to doxorubicin, underscoring lysosomal doxorubicin sequestration as a key mechanism of resistance. Our results support the repurposing of the R-(+) enantiomer of propranolol with weak base chemotherapeutics to increase cytotoxicity and reduce the development of drug-resistant cell populations without the cardiovascular and other side effects associated with antagonism of β-ARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhuma Saha
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Jong Hyuk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States.,Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Clarissa N Amaya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, United States.,Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Caleb Witcher
- Department of Biology, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX, United States
| | - Ali Khammanivong
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Derek M Korpela
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - David R Brown
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Josephine Taylor
- Department of Biology, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX, United States
| | - Brad A Bryan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, United States.,Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Erin B Dickerson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States.,Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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12
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Cheng N, Schulte AJ, Santosa F, Kim JH. Machine learning application identifies novel gene signatures from transcriptomic data of spontaneous canine hemangiosarcoma. Brief Bioinform 2020; 22:5930848. [PMID: 33078825 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiosarcomas are soft-tissue sarcomas that form malignant vascular tissues. Angiosarcomas are very rare, and due to their aggressive behavior and high metastatic propensity, they have poor clinical outcomes. Hemangiosarcomas commonly occur in domestic dogs, and share pathological and clinical features with human angiosarcomas. Typical pathognomonic features of this tumor are irregular vascular channels that are filled with blood and are lined by a mixture of malignant and nonmalignant endothelial cells. The current gold standard is the histological diagnosis of angiosarcoma; however, microscopic evaluation may be complicated, particularly when tumor cells are undetectable due to the presence of excessive amounts of nontumor cells or when tissue specimens have insufficient tumor content. In this study, we implemented machine learning applications from next-generation transcriptomic data of canine hemangiosarcoma tumor samples (n = 76) and nonmalignant tissues (n = 10) to evaluate their training performance for diagnostic utility. The 10-fold cross-validation test and multiple feature selection methods were applied. We found that extra trees and random forest learning models were the best classifiers for hemangiosarcoma in our testing datasets. We also identified novel gene signatures using the mutual information and Monte Carlo feature selection method. The extra trees model revealed high classification accuracy for hemangiosarcoma in validation sets. We demonstrate that high-throughput sequencing data of canine hemangiosarcoma are trainable for machine learning applications. Furthermore, our approach enables us to identify novel gene signatures as reliable determinants of hemangiosarcoma, providing significant insights into the development of potential applications for this vascular malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuojin Cheng
- School of Mathematics, College of Science and Engineering at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ashley J Schulte
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Fadil Santosa
- Department of Applied Mathematics & Statistics, Whiting School of Engineering at the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jong Hyuk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
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13
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Kimura M, Yamasaki M, Satoh H, Uchida N. Repeatable and objective method for evaluating angiogenesis using real-time RT-PCR of endoglin expression in canine tumours. Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 19:34-43. [PMID: 32592434 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapy is a cancer treatment strategy targeting new blood vessel formation. Microvessel density (MVD) is a histopathological method for evaluating angiogenesis and endoglin is used as an activated endothelial marker in human medicine. The assessment of the treatment effect using MVD is difficult because it is a non-repeatable method. To develop a repeatable method for evaluating angiogenesis, we investigated correlations among MVD, mRNA transcription levels of endothelial markers and angiogenesis factors, and confirmed the agreement of mRNA transcription levels between tissue samples and small samples obtained by fine needle aspiration (FNA). The various types of spontaneous tumours were collected from 51 dogs. MVD was assessed by immunostaining for von Willebrand factor (vWF). mRNA transcription levels of vWF, endoglin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2) were analysed using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). There were significant correlations between MVD and mRNA transcription levels of vWF, endoglin and VEGFR2. VEGFR2 was more strongly correlated with endoglin (P <.01, Rs = 0.649) than vWF (P <.01, Rs = 0.512), indicating that angiogenesis can be evaluated more accurately by the measurement of mRNA transcription levels of endoglin. The mRNA transcription levels in tissue and FNA samples were strongly correlated, suggesting that evaluating angiogenesis using FNA samples is possible. In conclusion, we developed a repeatable and objective method for angiogenesis evaluation using mRNA transcription levels of endothelial markers by FNA sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Kimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Satoh
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Naohiro Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
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14
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Herrold EJ, Donovan TA, Hohenhaus AE, Fox PR. Giant pericardial-occupying compressive primary cardiac hemangiosarcoma in a cat. J Vet Cardiol 2020; 29:54-59. [PMID: 32497967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Hemangioarcoma in the cat is an infrequently diagnosed tumor, and cardiac involvement is rare. We report a previously healthy, 8-year-old, domestic shorthair cat with acute collapse associated with pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade. Following pericardiocentesis and removal of 15 mL of fluid, the cat improved rapidly. A massive, space-occupying, intrapericardial tumor adhered to and compressing the right atrium and ventricle was detected by echocardiography. Approximately 5 weeks following initial presentation, bicavitary effusion and tachypnea developed, and the cat was euthanized. Necropsy revealed a giant intrapericardial mass adhered to and impinging upon the right heart. Histologic and immunohistochemical examination confirmed hemangiosarcoma with no gross or histologic evidence of metastasis. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first account of a pericardial-occupying, primary feline cardiac hemangiosarcoma resulting in compression of the right heart and cardiac tamponade, Further, this report describes novel clinicopathological relationships between radiographic and echocardiographic findings and gross and microscopic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Herrold
- The Animal Medical Center, 510 East 62nd Street, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - T A Donovan
- The Animal Medical Center, 510 East 62nd Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - A E Hohenhaus
- The Animal Medical Center, 510 East 62nd Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - P R Fox
- The Animal Medical Center, 510 East 62nd Street, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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15
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Sakamoto R, Kajihara I, Miyauchi H, Maeda-Otsuka S, Yamada-Kanazawa S, Sawamura S, Kanemaru H, Makino K, Aoi J, Makino T, Fukushima S, Masuzawa M, Masuzawa M, Amoh Y, Hoshina D, Abe R, Ihn H. Inhibition of Endoglin Exerts Antitumor Effects through the Regulation of Non-Smad TGF-β Signaling in Angiosarcoma. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:2060-2072.e6. [PMID: 32142796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Angiosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor derived from endothelial cells, and its prognosis is poor because advanced angiosarcoma is often resistant to taxane therapy. Endoglin (CD105) acts as a coreceptor for TGF-β signaling and is overexpressed in tumor-associated endothelial cells and enhances tumor angiogenesis. Numerous clinical trials are testing the effectiveness of anti-endoglin antibodies in various types of malignancies. Here, we investigated the role of endoglin in the pathogenesis of angiosarcoma and whether endoglin inhibition results in antitumor activity. Endoglin was overexpressed in angiosarcoma, and its inhibition was effective in promoting apoptosis and the suppression of migration, invasion, tube formation, and Warburg effect in angiosarcoma cells. Knockdown of endoglin activated caspase 3/7 that is essential for apoptosis, reduced survivin levels, and decreased paxillin and vascular endothelial cadherin phosphorylation and matrix metalloproteinase 2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 activities in angiosarcoma cells. Although endoglin is a coreceptor that regulates TGF-β signaling, the antitumor effect of endoglin in angiosarcoma was not based on Smad signaling regulation but on non-Smad TGF-β signaling. Taken together, these results indicated that endoglin could be a novel therapeutic target for angiosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Sakamoto
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ikko Kajihara
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Hitomi Miyauchi
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Saki Maeda-Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Saori Yamada-Kanazawa
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Soichiro Sawamura
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kanemaru
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Katsunari Makino
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jun Aoi
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Makino
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukushima
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mamiko Masuzawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mikio Masuzawa
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Amoh
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Daichi Hoshina
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Riichiro Abe
- Department of Dermatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hironobu Ihn
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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16
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Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-8 is a chemokine that is essential for inflammation and angiogenesis. IL-8 expression is elevated in tumor cell lines and tissues, as well as in peripheral blood obtained from cancer patients. Primary works have attempted to determine the biological effect of IL-8 on tumor cells, including cell proliferation, survival, and migration. More recently, IL-8 has acquired considerable attention as an immune modulator in the context of certain tumor microenvironments (TME); specifically, it can support a niche that favors tumor progression and metastasis. Tumor-derived IL-8 stimulates inflammation by interacting with the microenvironmental constituents, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. However, the tumor immune system is complex, and mechanisms that construct the immune phenotype remain incompletely characterized. Herein, we will (1) address a potential role of IL-8 in regulating gene expression to establish immune landscape in tumor. Then, we will (2) review IL-8 signaling in the maintenance of stem cells and regulation of hematopoietic progenitors. Finally, (3) IL-8 functions will be discussed in naturally occurring animal cancers that offer a clinically realistic model for translational research. This chapter will provide a new insight into the tumor immune niche and help us develop immunotherapies for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hyuk Kim
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA. .,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA. .,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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17
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Kakiuchi-Kiyota S, Obert LA, Crowell DM, Xia S, Roy MD, Coskran TM, Kreeger JM, Crabbs TA, Cohen SM, Cattley RC, Cook JC. Expression of Hematopoietic Stem and Endothelial Cell Markers in Canine Hemangiosarcoma. Toxicol Pathol 2020; 48:481-493. [PMID: 31918642 DOI: 10.1177/0192623319897539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Several chemicals and pharmaceuticals increase the incidence of hemangiosarcomas (HSAs) in mice, but the relevance to humans is uncertain. Recently, canine HSAs were identified as a powerful tool for investigating the pathogenesis of human HSAs. To characterize the cellular phenotype of canine HSAs, we evaluated immunoreactivity and/or messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of markers for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), endothelial cells (ECs), a tumor suppressor protein, and a myeloid marker in canine HSAs. Neoplastic canine cells expressed EC markers and a myeloid marker, but expressed HSC markers less consistently. The canine tumor expression results were then compared to previously published immunoreactivity results for these markers in human and mouse HSAs. There are 2 noteworthy differences across species: (1) most human HSAs had HSC marker expression, indicating that they were comprised of tumor cells that were less differentiated than those in canine and mouse tumors; and (2) human and canine HSAs expressed a late-stage EC maturation marker, whereas mouse HSAs were negative, suggesting that human and canine tumors may retain greater differentiation potential than mouse tumors. These results indicate that HSA development is variable across species and that caution is necessary when discussing translation of carcinogenic risk from animal models to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leslie A Obert
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, USA
| | | | - Shuhua Xia
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, USA
| | - Marc D Roy
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, USA
| | | | - John M Kreeger
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, USA
| | - Torrie A Crabbs
- Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Samuel M Cohen
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | - Russell C Cattley
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL, USA. Kakiuchi-Kiyota is now with Safety Assessment, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA; Obert is now with Translational Medicine & Comparative Pathology, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA; Roy is now with Nonclinical Development, Sarepta Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jon C Cook
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, USA
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18
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Tanaka T, Akiyoshi H, Nishida H, Mie K, Lin LS, Iimori Y, Okamoto M. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography findings of canine primary renal tumors including renal cell carcinoma, lymphoma, and hemangiosarcoma. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225211. [PMID: 31756212 PMCID: PMC6874336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In veterinary medicine, abdominal ultrasonography is used to rank the differential diagnosis of renal lesions. However, a conventional sonographic examination may show nonspecific findings. The purpose of this study was to assess the computed tomography (CT) findings of canine renal tumors, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC), lymphoma, and hemangiosarcoma (HSA). In this retrospective study, the following CT parameters were recorded for each dog: 1) extent of renal involvement of tumors, 2) enhancement pattern, 3) number of renal tumors, 4) renal tumor vessel enhancement in the corticomedullary phase, 5) presence of lymphadenopathy and lung metastasis, and 6) attenuation values of the renal tumors on the pre- and post-contrast corticomedullary, nephrographic, and excretory phase images. Fifteen dogs met the inclusion criteria, of which nine had RCCs, four had lymphomas, and two had HSAs. RCCs tended to show heterogeneous enhancement and unilateral renal involvement, and vessel enhancement was detected in the corticomedullary phase in dogs with RCC. Conversely, renal lymphomas showed homogeneous enhancement, bilateral renal involvement, and multiple masses; in these dogs, no vessel enhancement was detected in the corticomedullary phase, and the incidence of lymphadenopathy was low. However, in dogs with lymphadenopathy, the renal lymphoma was associated with regionally severe lymphadenopathy. Finally, renal HSAs tended to show heterogeneous enhancement with a non-enhanced area and unilateral renal involvement; in these dogs, vessel enhancement was detected in the nephrographic phase, with the enhancement expanding around the vessel. These findings had no significant differences. Further studies with a larger sample size are required to examine the association between CT and histopathological findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Osaka Prefecture University, Department of Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka, Japan
- Kinki Animal Medical Training Institute and Veterinary Clinic, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideo Akiyoshi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Osaka Prefecture University, Department of Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hidetaka Nishida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Osaka Prefecture University, Department of Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Mie
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Osaka Prefecture University, Department of Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Lee-Shuan Lin
- Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Taiwan
| | - Yasumasa Iimori
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Osaka Prefecture University, Department of Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Okamoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Osaka Prefecture University, Department of Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka, Japan
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19
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Morita A, Aoshima K, Gulay KCM, Onishi S, Shibata Y, Yasui H, Kobayashi A, Kimura T. High drug efflux pump capacity and low DNA damage response induce doxorubicin resistance in canine hemangiosarcoma cell lines. Res Vet Sci 2019; 127:1-10. [PMID: 31648115 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is an aggressive malignant endothelial tumor in dogs and characterized by poor prognosis because of its high invasiveness, high metastatic potential, and poor responsiveness to anti-cancer drugs. Although doxorubicin-based chemotherapy is regularly conducted after surgical treatment, its effects on survival rates are limited. Acquisition of drug resistance is one of the causes of this problem, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we aimed to identify the drug-resistance mechanism in canine HSA by establishing doxorubicin-resistant (DR) HSA cell lines. HSA cell lines were exposed to doxorubicin at gradually increasing concentrations. When the cells were able to grow in the presence of a 16-fold higher doxorubicin concentration compared with the initial culture, they were designated DR-HSA cell lines. Characterization of these DR-HSA cell lines revealed higher drug efflux pump capacity compared with the parental cell lines. Furthermore, the DR-HSA cell lines did not show activation of the DNA damage response despite carrying high DNA damage burdens, meaning that apoptosis was not strongly induced. In conclusion, canine HSA cell lines acquired doxorubicin resistance by increasing their drug efflux pump capacity and decreasing the DNA damage response. This study provides useful findings to promote further research on the drug-resistance mechanisms in canine HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuya Morita
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Keisuke Aoshima
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan.
| | - Kevin Christian Montecillo Gulay
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Shinichi Onishi
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yuki Shibata
- Laboratory of Integrated Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Imaging, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hironobu Yasui
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Takashi Kimura
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
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20
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Abstract
Advances in molecular biology have permitted a much more detailed understanding of cellular dysfunction at the molecular and genetic levels in cancer cells. This has resulted in the identification of novel targets for therapeutic intervention, including proteins that regulate signal transduction, gene expression, and protein turnover. In many instances, small molecules are used to disrupt the function of these targets, often through competitive inhibition of ATP binding or the prevention of necessary protein-protein interactions. More than 40 small molecule inhibitors are now approved to treat a variety of human cancers, substantially impacting patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Londhe
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Megan Gutwillig
- Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Cheryl London
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine and School of Medicine, Tufts University, Jaharis Building, Room 814, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 0211, USA.
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21
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Abstract
Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) and hemangiosarcoma (HSA) are uncommon and aggressive neoplasms that develop much more frequently in dogs than in cats. Breed-specific predispositions have been identified for both cancers. The development of novel diagnostics is underway and may aid in earlier diagnosis. Therapeutic approaches to HS and HSA depend on the stage of disease and may include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Such interventions improve outcome; however, aside from a small number of clinical circumstances, both diseases are considered largely incurable. Continued efforts toward the identification of driver mutations and subsequent druggable targets may lead to improvements in long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Mullin
- Hope Veterinary Specialists, 40 Three Tun Road, Malvern, PA 19355, USA.
| | - Craig A Clifford
- Hope Veterinary Specialists, 40 Three Tun Road, Malvern, PA 19355, USA
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22
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Alfaleh MA, Arora N, Yeh M, de Bakker CJ, Howard CB, Macpherson P, Allavena RE, Chen X, Harkness L, Mahler SM, Jones ML. Canine CD117-Specific Antibodies with Diverse Binding Properties Isolated from a Phage Display Library Using Cell-Based Biopanning. Antibodies (Basel) 2019; 8:E15. [PMID: 31544821 PMCID: PMC6640692 DOI: 10.3390/antib8010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CD117 (c-Kit) is a tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed in multiple dog tumors. There is 100% homology between the juxtamembrane domain of human and canine CD117, and many cancer-causing mutations occur in this region in both species. Thus, CD117 is an important target for cancer treatment in dogs and for comparative oncology studies. Currently, there is no monoclonal antibody (mAb) specifically designed to target the exposed region of canine CD117, although there exist some with species cross-reactivity. We panned a naïve phage display library to isolate antibodies against recombinant CD117 on whole cells. Several mAbs were isolated and were shown to bind recombinant canine CD117 at low- to sub-nanomolar affinity. Additionally, binding to native canine CD117 was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and by flow cytometry. Competitive binding assays also identified mAbs that competed with the CD117 receptor-specific ligand, the stem cell factor (SCF). These results show the ability of our cell-based biopanning strategy to isolate a panel of antibodies that have varied characteristics when used in different binding assays. These in vitro/ex vivo assessments suggest that some of the isolated mAbs might be promising candidates for targeting overexpressed CD117 in canine cancers for different useful applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Alfaleh
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Neetika Arora
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Michael Yeh
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Christopher J de Bakker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Christopher B Howard
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Philip Macpherson
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia.
| | - Rachel E Allavena
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia.
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Linda Harkness
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Stephen M Mahler
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Martina L Jones
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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23
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Dowling M, Samuelson J, Fadl-Alla B, Pondenis HC, Byrum M, Barger AM, Fan TM. Overexpression of prostate specific membrane antigen by canine hemangiosarcoma cells provides opportunity for the molecular detection of disease burdens within hemorrhagic body cavity effusions. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210297. [PMID: 30601866 PMCID: PMC6314605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Canine hemangiosarcoma (cHSA) is a highly metastatic mesenchymal cancer that disseminates by hematogenous and direct implantation routes. Therapies for cHSA are generally ineffective, in part due to advanced clinical disease stage at the time of diagnosis. The validation of conventional molecular methods for detecting novel biomarkers preferentially expressed by cHSA could lead to more timely diagnosis, earlier therapeutic interventions, and improved outcomes. In humans, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a transmembrane protein overexpressed by prostate carcinoma and tumor-associated endothelium of various solid cancer histologies. Importantly, the preferential overexpression of PSMA by certain cancers has been leveraged for the development of diagnostic molecular imaging reagents and targeted therapeutics. Recently, PSMA has been qualitatively demonstrated to be expressed in cHSA cell lines, however, quantitative PSMA expressions and the potential utility of PSMA transcript identification in biologic fluids to support the presence of microscopic cHSA burden has not been reported. Therefore, this study sought to characterize the differential quantitative expressions of PSMA between cHSA and non-malignant tissues, and to determine the potential diagnostic utility of PCR-generated PSMA amplicons as a surrogate of rare cHSA cells dwelling within peritoneal and pericardial cavities. Methods Quantitative gene and protein expressions for PSMA were compared between one normal endothelial and six cHSA cell lines by RT-PCR, western blot analysis, and fluorescent microscopy. Additionally, gene and protein expressions of PSMA in normal canine tissues were characterized. Graded expressions of PSMA were determined in spontaneously-arising cHSA tumor samples and the feasibility of qualitative PCR as a molecular diagnostic to detect PSMA transcripts in whole blood from healthy dogs and hemorrhagic effusions from cHSA-bearing dogs were evaluated. Results PSMA gene and protein expressions were elevated (up to 6-fold) in cHSA cells compared with non-malignant endothelium. By immunohistochemistry, protein expressions of PSMA were detectable in all cHSA tissue samples evaluated. As predicted by human protein atlas data, PSMA’s expression was comparably identified at substantial levels in select normal canine tissues including kidney, liver, and intestine. In young healthy pet dogs, PSMA amplicons could not be identified in circulating whole blood yet were detectable in hemorrhagic effusions collected from pet dogs with confirmed cHSA or PSMA-expressing cancer. Conclusions PSMA is quantitatively overexpressed in cHSA compared to normal endothelium, but its protein expression is not restricted to only cHSA tumor tissues, as specific visceral organs also substantively express PSMA. Optimized qualitative PCR methods failed to amplify PSMA amplicons sufficiently for visible detection in circulating whole blood derived from healthy young dogs, yet PSMA transcripts were readily identifiable in hemorrhagic effusions collected from pet dogs with histologically confirmed cHSA or PSMA-expressing cancer. While preliminary, findings derived from a limited cohort of normal and diseased pet dogs provocatively raise the potential value of PSMA amplicon detection as an ancillary molecular diagnostic test for supporting the presence of microscopic cHSA disease burden within hemorrhagic body cavity effusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Dowling
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Samuelson
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Bahaa Fadl-Alla
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Holly C. Pondenis
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Mark Byrum
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Anne M. Barger
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Timothy M. Fan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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24
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Nóbrega D, Sehaber V, Madureira R, Bracarense A. Canine Cutaneous Haemangiosarcoma: Biomarkers and Survival. J Comp Pathol 2019; 166:87-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.10.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Reckelhoff CR, Lejeune A, Thompson PM, Shiomitsu K. In vitro effects of the chemotherapy agent water-soluble micellar paclitaxel (Paccal Vet) on canine hemangiosarcoma cell lines. Vet Comp Oncol 2018; 17:32-41. [PMID: 30267450 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Paccal Vet (Osamia Pharmaceuticals) is a water-soluble nanoparticle micellar formulation of the drug paclitaxel that is well tolerated in dogs. This study evaluated the in vitro effect of Paccal Vet on two canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA) cell lines and their expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Paccal Vet caused HSA cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) for the two HSA cell lines were 7 to 610 ng/mL, which are clinically achievable. Cell cycle analysis through flow cytometry showed cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Annexin-V and caspase 3/7 activity assays showed significant increases in apoptosis in correlation with the IC50 in each cell line. Reverse transcriptase-PCR was performed on the cell lines to validate the gene expression of VEGF and bFGF. Results obtained from this study support future studies involving the use of paclitaxel (micellar) for treatment of canine HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline R Reckelhoff
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Amandine Lejeune
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Patrick M Thompson
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Keijiro Shiomitsu
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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26
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Ciepluch BJ, Wilson‐Robles HM, Pashmakova MB, Budke CM, Ellison GW, Thieman Mankin KM. Long‐term postoperative effects of administration of allogeneic blood products in 104 dogs with hemangiosarcoma. Vet Surg 2018; 47:1039-1045. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany J. Ciepluch
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine College Station Texas
| | - Heather M. Wilson‐Robles
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine College Station Texas
| | - Medora B. Pashmakova
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine College Station Texas
| | - Christine M. Budke
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine College Station Texas
| | - Gary W. Ellison
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine Gainesville Florida
| | - Kelley M. Thieman Mankin
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine College Station Texas
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27
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Rochel D, Abadie J, Robveille C, Déqueant B, Dagher E, Roux F, Jaillardon L. Thrombocytosis and central nervous system involvement in a case of canine acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. Vet Clin Pathol 2018; 47:363-367. [PMID: 30024652 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This case report presents a 14-month-old female Poodle mix with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia based on a marked thrombocytosis, abnormal platelet morphology, circulating dwarf megakaryocytes, and blast cells in the blood. Bone marrow abnormalities included dysmegakaryopoiesis dygranulopoiesis, and an increased number of blast cells was observed in the blood. Extensive leukemic involvement was also found in the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, lungs, kidneys, and brain. The cytopathologic features of the abnormal circulating cells were highly suggestive of being megakaryocytic in origin, which was supported by negative myeloperoxidase staining and positive von Willebrand factor staining on immunocytochemistry (ICC). The neoplastic cells were also CD61 positive and had variable von Willebrand factor expression on ICC. Although there were only 25% blast cells in the bone marrow, which theoretically supported myelodysplastic syndrome, the hypothesis that this case represented acute myeloid leukemia of megakaryoblastic origin was confirmed by the continuous increase in circulating blast cell numbers during follow-up visits and the extensive leukemic involvement of parenchymal organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphné Rochel
- Oniris, Department of Biology, Pathology and Food Sciences, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France.,LabOniris - Veterinary Biological Laboratory, Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme Abadie
- Oniris, Department of Biology, Pathology and Food Sciences, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France.,LabOniris - Veterinary Biological Laboratory, Nantes, France.,Université Nantes Angers, Nantes, France
| | - Cynthia Robveille
- Oniris, Department of Biology, Pathology and Food Sciences, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France.,LabOniris - Veterinary Biological Laboratory, Nantes, France
| | - Bérengère Déqueant
- Oniris, Department of Biology, Pathology and Food Sciences, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France.,LabOniris - Veterinary Biological Laboratory, Nantes, France
| | - Elie Dagher
- Oniris, Department of Biology, Pathology and Food Sciences, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France.,LabOniris - Veterinary Biological Laboratory, Nantes, France
| | - Françoise Roux
- Oniris, Department of Biology, Pathology and Food Sciences, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France.,Oniris, Emergency and Critical Care Unit, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France.,Université Nantes Angers, Nantes, France
| | - Laetitia Jaillardon
- Oniris, Department of Biology, Pathology and Food Sciences, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France.,LabOniris - Veterinary Biological Laboratory, Nantes, France.,Université Nantes Angers, Nantes, France
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28
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Abstract
Pet dogs are becoming increasingly recognized as a population with the potential to inform medical research through their treatment for a variety of maladies by veterinary health professionals. This is the basis of the One Health initiative, supporting the idea of collaboration between human and animal health researchers and clinicians to study spontaneous disease processes and treatment in animals to inform human health. Cancer is a major health burden in pet dogs, accounting for approximately 30% of deaths across breeds. As such, pet dogs with cancer are becoming increasingly recognized as a resource for studying the pharmacology and therapeutic potential of anticancer drugs and therapies under development. This was recently highlighted by a National Academy of Medicine Workshop on Comparative Oncology that took place in mid-2015 (http://www.nap.edu/21830). One component of cancer burden in dogs is their significantly higher incidence of sarcomas as compared to humans. This increased incidence led to canine osteosarcoma being an important component in the development of surgical approaches for osteosarcoma in children. Included in this review of sarcomas in dogs is a description of the incidence, pathology, molecular characteristics and previous translational therapeutic studies associated with these tumors. An understanding of the patho-physiological and molecular characteristics of these naturally occurring canine sarcomas holds great promise for effective incorporation into drug development schemas, for evaluation of target modulation or other pharmacodynamic measures associated with therapeutic response. These data could serve to supplement other preclinical data and bolster clinical investigations in tumor types for which there is a paucity of human patients for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Gustafson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Dawn L Duval
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel P Regan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Douglas H Thamm
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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29
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Abstract
CD31 immunoreactivity has been reported in human nonendothelial tumors of both epithelial and mesenchymal origin. This study examined CD31 immunoreactivity of 347 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded normal, nonneoplastic, and neoplastic canine tissues. CD31 expression was considered positive if at least 10% of the cell population had membranous reactivity. Labeling with the CD31 antibody (clone JC/70A) was observed in 16 samples of normal organs (liver, kidney, lymph node), 6 of 6 specimens of hepatic nodular hyperplasia, 3 of 3 hepatic regenerative nodules, 1 of 4 anal sac carcinomas, 6 of 6 hemangiosarcomas, 18 of 20 hepatocellular carcinomas, 1 of 6 mammary carcinomas, 3 of 5 plasmacytomas, 18 of 53 renal cell carcinomas, and 1 of 5 cutaneous histiocytomas. CD31 expression did not correlate with case outcome in hepatocellular or renal cell carcinomas. Although distinguishing hemangiosarcoma from other neoplasms is typically straightforward, pathologists should be aware of potential cross-reactivity when relying on CD31 immunohistochemistry for diagnosis, particularly in small biopsy samples or when faced with an epithelioid or poorly differentiated vascular neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Ramos-Vara
- 1 Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Margaret A Miller
- 1 Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Dee M Dusold
- 1 Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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30
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Ciepluch B, Wilson-Robles H, Levine G, Smith R, Wright GA, Miller T, O'Brien MT, Thieman Mankin KM. Removal of hemangiosarcoma cells from canine blood with a cell salvage system and leukocyte reduction filter. Vet Surg 2017; 47:293-301. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Ciepluch
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences; Texas A&M University; College Station Texas
| | - Heather Wilson-Robles
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences; Texas A&M University; College Station Texas
| | - Gwendolyn Levine
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology; Texas A&M University; College Station Texas
| | - Roger Smith
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology; Texas A&M University; College Station Texas
| | - Gus A. Wright
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology; Texas A&M University; College Station Texas
| | - Tasha Miller
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences; Texas A&M University; College Station Texas
| | - Maureen T. O'Brien
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology; Texas A&M University; College Station Texas
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31
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Kim JH, Frantz AM, Sarver AL, Gorden Klukas BH, Lewellen M, O'Brien TD, Dickerson EB, Modiano JF. Modulation of fatty acid metabolism and immune suppression are features of in vitro tumour sphere formation in ontogenetically distinct dog cancers. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 16:E176-E184. [PMID: 29152836 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Non-adherent, 3-dimensional sphere formation is used as an in vitro surrogate to evaluate cellular potential for tumour initiation and self-renewal. To determine if a shared molecular program underlies the capacity for sphere formation by cells originating from diverse tumour types, we characterized molecular and functional properties of 10 independent cell lines derived from 3 ontogenetically distinct dog cancers: hemangiosarcoma, osteosarcoma and glial brain tumours. Genome-wide gene expression profiling identified tumour-of-origin-dependent patterns of adjustment to sphere formation in a uniform culture condition. However, expression of the stem/progenitor markers CD34 and CD117, resistance to cytotoxic drugs and dye efflux (side population assays) showed no association with these gene expression profiles. Instead, primary sphere-forming capacity was inversely correlated with the ability to reform secondary spheres, regardless of tumour ontogeny. Primary sphere formation seemed to be proportional to the number of pre-existing cells with sphere-forming capacity in the cell lines. Cell lines where secondary sphere formation was more proficient than primary sphere formation showed enrichment of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis and immunosuppressive cytokines. In contrast, cell lines where secondary sphere formation was approximately equivalent to or less proficient than primary sphere formation showed upregulation of CD40 and enrichment of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation. Our data suggest that in vitro sphere formation is associated with upregulation of gene clusters involved in metabolic and immunosuppressive functions, which might be necessary for self-renewal and for tumour initiation and/or tumour propagation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-H Kim
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - A M Frantz
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - A L Sarver
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - B H Gorden Klukas
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - M Lewellen
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - T D O'Brien
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - E B Dickerson
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - J F Modiano
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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32
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Im K, Graef AJ, Breen M, Lindblad-Toh K, Modiano JF, Kim JH. Interactions between CXCR4 and CXCL12 promote cell migration and invasion of canine hemangiosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 15:315-327. [PMID: 26337509 PMCID: PMC7199805 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The CXCR4/CXCL12 axis plays an important role in cell locomotion and metastasis in many cancers. In this study, we hypothesized that the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis promotes migration and invasion of canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA) cells. Transcriptomic analysis across 12 HSA cell lines and 58 HSA whole tumour tissues identified heterogeneous expression of CXCR4 and CXCL12, which was associated with cell movement. In vitro, CXCL12 promoted calcium mobilization, cell migration and invasion that were directly proportional to surface expression of CXCR4; furthermore, these responses proved sensitive to the CXCR4 antagonist, AMD3100, in HSA cell lines. These results indicate that CXCL12 potentiates migration and invasion of canine HSA cells through CXCR4 signalling. The direct relationship between these responses in HSA cells suggests that the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis contributes to HSA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- KeumSoon Im
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Ashley J. Graef
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Matthew Breen
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, & Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Cancer Genetics Program, University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Kerstin Lindblad-Toh
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Science for Life Laboratory, Dept. of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jaime F. Modiano
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Jong-Hyuk Kim
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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33
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Borgatti A, Koopmeiners JS, Sarver AL, Winter AL, Stuebner K, Todhunter D, Rizzardi AE, Henriksen JC, Schmechel S, Forster CL, Kim JH, Froelich J, Walz J, Henson MS, Breen M, Lindblad-Toh K, Oh F, Pilbeam K, Modiano JF, Vallera DA. Safe and Effective Sarcoma Therapy through Bispecific Targeting of EGFR and uPAR. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:956-965. [PMID: 28193671 PMCID: PMC5418099 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Sarcomas differ from carcinomas in their mesenchymal origin. Therapeutic advancements have come slowly, so alternative drugs and models are urgently needed. These studies report a new drug for sarcomas that simultaneously targets both tumor and tumor neovasculature. eBAT is a bispecific angiotoxin consisting of truncated, deimmunized Pseudomonas exotoxin fused to EGF and the amino terminal fragment of urokinase. Here, we study the drug in an in vivo "ontarget" companion dog trial as eBAT effectively kills canine hemangiosarcoma and human sarcoma cells in vitro We reasoned the model has value due to the common occurrence of spontaneous sarcomas in dogs and a limited lifespan allowing for rapid accrual and data collection. Splenectomized dogs with minimal residual disease were given one cycle of eBAT followed by adjuvant doxorubicin in an adaptive dose-finding, phase I-II study of 23 dogs with spontaneous, stage I-II, splenic hemangiosarcoma. eBAT improved 6-month survival from <40% in a comparison population to approximately 70% in dogs treated at a biologically active dose (50 μg/kg). Six dogs were long-term survivors, living >450 days. eBAT abated expected toxicity associated with EGFR targeting, a finding supported by mouse studies. Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and EGFR are targets for human sarcomas, so thorough evaluation is crucial for validation of the dog model. Thus, we validated these markers for human sarcoma targeting in the study of 212 human and 97 canine sarcoma samples. Our results support further translation of eBAT for human patients with sarcomas and perhaps other EGFR-expressing malignancies. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(5); 956-65. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Borgatti
- Animal Cancer Care and Research (ACCR) Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Joseph S Koopmeiners
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Aaron L Sarver
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Amber L Winter
- Clinical Investigation Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Kathleen Stuebner
- Clinical Investigation Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Deborah Todhunter
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Anthony E Rizzardi
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jonathan C Henriksen
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stephen Schmechel
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Colleen L Forster
- BioNet Histology Research Laboratory, Academic Health Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jong-Hyuk Kim
- Animal Cancer Care and Research (ACCR) Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jerry Froelich
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jillian Walz
- Animal Cancer Care and Research (ACCR) Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Michael S Henson
- Animal Cancer Care and Research (ACCR) Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Matthew Breen
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
- Cancer Genetics Program, University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Kerstin Lindblad-Toh
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Felix Oh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Kristy Pilbeam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Animal Cancer Care and Research (ACCR) Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Daniel A Vallera
- Animal Cancer Care and Research (ACCR) Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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34
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Weiskopf K, Anderson KL, Ito D, Schnorr PJ, Tomiyasu H, Ring AM, Bloink K, Efe J, Rue S, Lowery D, Barkal A, Prohaska S, McKenna KM, Cornax I, O'Brien TD, O'Sullivan MG, Weissman IL, Modiano JF. Eradication of Canine Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in a Murine Xenograft Model with CD47 Blockade and Anti-CD20. Cancer Immunol Res 2016; 4:1072-1087. [PMID: 27856424 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-16-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies hold much promise, but their potential in veterinary settings has not yet been fully appreciated. Canine lymphomas are among the most common tumors of dogs and bear remarkable similarity to human disease. In this study, we examined the combination of CD47 blockade with anti-CD20 passive immunotherapy for canine lymphoma. The CD47/SIRPα axis is an immune checkpoint that regulates macrophage activation. In humans, CD47 is expressed on cancer cells and enables evasion from phagocytosis. CD47-blocking therapies are now under investigation in clinical trials for a variety of human cancers. We found the canine CD47/SIRPα axis to be conserved biochemically and functionally. We identified high-affinity SIRPα variants that antagonize canine CD47 and stimulate phagocytosis of canine cancer cells in vitro When tested as Fc fusion proteins, these therapeutic agents exhibited single-agent efficacy in a mouse xenograft model of canine lymphoma. As robust synergy between CD47 blockade and tumor-specific antibodies has been demonstrated for human cancer, we evaluated the combination of CD47 blockade with 1E4-cIgGB, a canine-specific antibody to CD20. 1E4-cIgGB could elicit a therapeutic response against canine lymphoma in vivo as a single agent. However, augmented responses were observed when combined with CD47-blocking therapies, resulting in synergy in vitro and in vivo and eliciting cures in 100% of mice bearing canine lymphoma. Our findings support further testing of CD47-blocking therapies alone and in combination with CD20 antibodies in the veterinary setting. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(12); 1072-87. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kipp Weiskopf
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. .,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Katie L Anderson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Peter J Schnorr
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Hirotaka Tomiyasu
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Aaron M Ring
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, and Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Jem Efe
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California
| | - Sarah Rue
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California
| | - David Lowery
- Elanco Animal Health US, Inc., Greensboro, North Carolina
| | - Amira Barkal
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Susan Prohaska
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Kelly M McKenna
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Ingrid Cornax
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Timothy D O'Brien
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - M Gerard O'Sullivan
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota. .,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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35
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Muff R, Botter SM, Husmann K, Tchinda J, Selvam P, Seeli-Maduz F, Fuchs B. Explant culture of sarcoma patients' tissue. J Transl Med 2016; 96:752-62. [PMID: 27111283 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2016.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Human sarcomas comprise a heterogeneous group of rare tumors that affect soft tissues and bone. Due to the scarcity and heterogeneity of these diseases, patient-derived cells that can be used for preclinical research are limited. In this study, we investigated whether the tissue explant technique can be used to obtain sarcoma cell lines from fresh as well as viable frozen tissue obtained from 8 out of 12 soft tissue and 9 out of 13 bone tumor entities as defined by the World Health Organization. The success rate, defined as the percent of samples that yielded sufficient numbers of outgrowing cells to be frozen, and the time to freeze were determined for a total of 734 sarcoma tissue specimens. In 552 cases (75%) enough cells were obtained to be frozen at early passage. Success rates were higher in bone tumors (82%) compared with soft tissue tumors (68%), and the mean time to freezing was lower in bone tumors (65 days) compared with soft tissue tumors (84 days). Overall, from 40% of the tissues cells could be frozen at early passage within <2 month after tissue removal. Comparable results as with fresh tissue were obtained after explant of viable frozen patient-derived material. In a selected number of bone and soft tissue sarcoma entities, conventional karyotyping and/or FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) analysis revealed a high amount (>60%) of abnormal cells in 41% of analyzed samples, especially in bone sarcomas (osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma). In conclusion, the explant technique is well suited to establish patient-derived cell lines for a large majority of bone and soft tissue sarcoma entities with adequate speed. This procedure thus opens the possibility for molecular analysis and drug testing for therapeutic decision making even during patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Muff
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sander M Botter
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Knut Husmann
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joelle Tchinda
- Oncology Laboratory, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philomina Selvam
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Seeli-Maduz
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Fuchs
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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36
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Anwar S, Yanai T, Sakai H. Overexpression of Peroxiredoxin 6 Protects Neoplastic Cells against Apoptosis in Canine Haemangiosarcoma. J Comp Pathol 2016; 155:29-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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37
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Avallone G, Helmbold P, Caniatti M, Stefanello D, Nayak RC, Roccabianca P. The Spectrum of Canine Cutaneous Perivascular Wall Tumors: Morphologic, Phenotypic and Clinical Characterization. Vet Pathol 2016; 44:607-20. [PMID: 17846233 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-5-607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Perivascular wall tumors (PWTs) are defined as neoplasms deriving from mural cells of blood vessels, excluding the endothelial lining. The spectrum of human cutaneous PWT includes glomus tumor, hemangiopericytoma (HEP), myopericytoma, angioleiomyoma/sarcoma, angiomyofibroblastoma, and angiofibroma. The purpose of this study was to revise clinical presentation, cytology, histopathology, and immunohistology of canine cutaneous PWT with cytology typical of canine HEP. Diagnosis was established on the basis of vascular growth patterns (staghorn, placentoid, perivascular whorling, bundles from media) and immunohistology, including 7 smooth muscle markers and the cell membrane ganglioside of unknown origin recognized by the antibody 3G5 (CMG-3G5). Twenty cases were included. Ages ranged from 6 to 13 years; 12 dogs were males and 8 were females, and there was a prevalence of crossbreeds. Tumors arose from a single site with preferential acral location (10/20). Cytology revealed moderate to high cellularity in all cases, cohesive groups of cells (19/20), capillaries (18/20), and bi- to multinucleated cells (18/20). Six myopericytomas, 5 angioleiomyomas, 2 angioleiomyosarcomas, 2 HEP, 1 angiofibroma, and 1 adventitial tumor were identified. A definitive diagnosis was not possible in 3 cases. Smoothelin, heavy caldesmon, desmin, myosin, calponin, and CMG-3G5 were the most valuable markers to differentially diagnose canine PWT. Similar to reports in humans, canine HEP embodied a spectrum of neoplastic entities arising from different vascular mural cells. Before canine PWTs are assimilated into one prognostic category, a consistent classification and characterization of their biology is necessary. As proposed in humans, HEP should also be considered a diagnosis of exclusion in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Avallone
- DiPAV--Sezione Anatomia Patologica Veterinaria e Patologia Aviare, Facolta' di Medicina Veterinaria, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy
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38
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Shoemaker M, Barrie M, Holman H, Wolk KE, Stromberg PC, Aeffner F. Pathology in Practice. Cardiac hemangiosarcoma in a snake. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2016; 248:153-5. [PMID: 26720079 DOI: 10.2460/javma.248.2.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kim JH, Graef AJ, Dickerson EB, Modiano JF. Pathobiology of Hemangiosarcoma in Dogs: Research Advances and Future Perspectives. Vet Sci 2015; 2:388-405. [PMID: 29061949 PMCID: PMC5644642 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci2040388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is an aggressive and common cancer in dogs. While cutaneous masses are often treatable by tumor excision, visceral tumors are almost always incurable. Treatment advances for this disease have been limited due to a poor understanding of the overall tumor biology. Based upon its histological appearance, HSA has been presumed to originate from transformed endothelial cells; however, accumulating data now suggest a pluripotent bone marrow progenitor as the cell of origin for this disease. More recently, the identification of a novel subclassification of HSAs has provided a foundation to further our understanding of the cellular characteristics of HSA tumor cells, along with those of the cells comprising the tumor microenvironment. These discoveries hold promise for the development of new approaches to improve treatments for canine HSA, as well as to establish the utility of this disease as a spontaneous model to understand the pathogenesis and develop new treatments for vascular tumors of humans. In this review, we will provide a brief historical perspective and pathobiology of canine HSA, along with a focus on the recent advances in the molecular and cellular understanding of these tumors. In addition, future directions that should continue to improve our understanding of HSA pathogenesis will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hyuk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Ashley J Graef
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Erin B Dickerson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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40
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Dickerson EB, Bryan BA. Beta Adrenergic Signaling: A Targetable Regulator of Angiosarcoma and Hemangiosarcoma. Vet Sci 2015; 2:270-292. [PMID: 29061946 PMCID: PMC5644640 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci2030270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human angiosarcomas and canine hemangiosarcomas are highly aggressive cancers thought to arise from cells of vascular origin. The pathological features, morphological organization, and clinical behavior of canine hemangiosarcomas are virtually indistinct from those of human angiosarcomas. Overall survival with current standard-of-care approaches remains dismal for both humans and dogs, and each is likely to succumb to their disease within a short duration. While angiosarcomas in humans are extremely rare, limiting their study and treatment options, canine hemangiosarcomas occur frequently. Therefore, studies of these sarcomas in dogs can be used to advance treatment approaches for both patient groups. Emerging data suggest that angiosarcomas and hemangiosarcomas utilize beta adrenergic signaling to drive their progression by regulating the tumor cell niche and fine-tuning cellular responses within the tumor microenvironment. These discoveries indicate that inhibition of beta adrenergic signaling could serve as an Achilles heel for these tumors and emphasize the need to design therapeutic strategies that target tumor cell and stromal cell constituents. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries and present new hypotheses regarding the roles of beta adrenergic signaling in angiosarcomas and hemangiosarcomas. Because the use of beta adrenergic receptor antagonists is well established in human and veterinary medicine, beta blockade could provide an immediate adjunct therapy for treatment along with a tangible opportunity to improve upon the outcomes of both humans and dogs with these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin B Dickerson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Brad A Bryan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX 79912, USA.
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41
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Rodriguez AM, Graef AJ, LeVine DN, Cohen IR, Modiano JF, Kim JH. Association of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)/S1P Receptor-1 Pathway with Cell Proliferation and Survival in Canine Hemangiosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29:1088-97. [PMID: 26118793 PMCID: PMC4684944 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) is a key biolipid signaling molecule that regulates cell growth and survival, but it has not been studied in tumors from dogs. Hypothesis/Objectives S1P/S1P1 signaling will contribute to the progression of hemangiosarcoma (HSA). Animals Thirteen spontaneous HSA tissues, 9 HSA cell lines, 8 nonmalignant tissues, including 6 splenic hematomas and 2 livers with vacuolar degeneration, and 1 endothelial cell line derived from a dog with splenic hematoma were used. Methods This was a retrospective case series and in vitro study. Samples were obtained as part of medically necessary diagnostic procedures. Microarray, qRT‐PCR, immunohistochemistry, and immunoblotting were performed to examine S1P1 expression. S1P concentrations were measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. S1P signaling was evaluated by intracellular Ca2+ mobilization; proliferation and survival were evaluated using the MTS assay and Annexin V staining. Results Canine HSA cells expressed higher levels of S1P1mRNA than nonmalignant endothelial cells. S1P1 protein was present in HSA tissues and cell lines. HSA cells appeared to produce low levels of S1P, but they selectively consumed S1P from the culture media. Exogenous S1P induced an increase in intracellular calcium as well as increased proliferation and viability of HSA cells. Prolonged treatment with FTY720, an inhibitor of S1P1, decreased S1P1 protein expression and induced apoptosis of HSA cells. Conclusions and clinical importance S1P/S1P1 signaling pathway functions to maintain HSA cell viability and proliferation. The data suggest that S1P1 or the S1P pathway in general could be targets for therapeutic intervention for dogs with HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A J Graef
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - D N LeVine
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | | | - J F Modiano
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - J-H Kim
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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42
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Gardner HL, London CA, Portela RA, Nguyen S, Rosenberg MP, Klein MK, Clifford C, Thamm DH, Vail DM, Bergman P, Crawford-Jakubiak M, Henry C, Locke J, Garrett LD. Maintenance therapy with toceranib following doxorubicin-based chemotherapy for canine splenic hemangiosarcoma. BMC Vet Res 2015; 11:131. [PMID: 26062540 PMCID: PMC4464614 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-015-0446-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spenic hemangiosarcoma (HSA) in dogs treated with surgery alone is associated with short survival times, and the addition of doxorubicin (DOX) chemotherapy only modestly improves outcome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of toceranib administration on progression free survival in dogs with stage I or II HSA following splenectomy and single agent DOX chemotherapy. We hypothesized that dogs with splenic HSA treated with adjuvant DOX followed by toceranib would have prolonged disease-free interval (DFI) and overall survival time (OS) when compared to historical dogs treated with DOX-based chemotherapy alone. RESULTS Dogs with stage I or II splenic HSA were administered 5 cycles of single-agent DOX every 2 weeks beginning within 14 days of splenectomy. Dogs were restaged 2 weeks after completing DOX, and those without evidence of metastatic disease began toceranib therapy at 3.25 mg/kg every other day. Forty-three dogs were enrolled in this clinical trial. Seven dogs had evidence of metastatic disease either before or at re-staging, and an additional 3 dogs were found to have metastatic disease within 1 week of toceranib administration. Therefore 31 dogs went on to receive toceranib following completion of doxorubicin treatment. Twenty-five dogs that received toceranib developed metastatic disease. The median disease free interval for all dogs enrolled in this study (n = 43) was 138 days, and the median disease free interval for those dogs that went on to receive toceranib (n = 31) was 161 days. The median survival time for all dogs enrolled in this study was 169 days, and the median survival time for those dogs that went on to receive toceranib was 172 days. CONCLUSIONS The use of toceranib following DOX chemotherapy does not improve either disease free interval or overall survival in dogs with stage I or II HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Gardner
- Departments of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 454 VMAB, 1925 Coffey Rd, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Cheryl A London
- Departments of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 454 VMAB, 1925 Coffey Rd, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Roberta A Portela
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Veterinary Medicine, Champaign, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Douglas H Thamm
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - David M Vail
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Phil Bergman
- VCA Katonah Bedford Veterinary Center, Bedford Hill, NY, USA
| | | | - Carolyn Henry
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer Locke
- Southeast Veterinary Oncology and Medicine, Orange Park, FL, USA
| | - Laura D Garrett
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Veterinary Medicine, Champaign, IL, USA
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Tang L, Tong R, Coyle VJ, Yin Q, Pondenis H, Borst LB, Cheng J, Fan TM. Targeting tumor vasculature with aptamer-functionalized doxorubicin-polylactide nanoconjugates for enhanced cancer therapy. ACS Nano 2015; 9:5072-5081. [PMID: 25938427 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An A10 aptamer (Apt)-functionalized, sub-100 nm doxorubicin-polylactide (Doxo-PLA) nanoconjugate (NC) with controlled release profile was developed as an intravenous therapeutic strategy to effectively target and cytoreduce canine hemangiosarcoma (cHSA), a naturally occurring solid tumor malignancy composed solely of tumor-associated endothelium. cHSA consists of a pure population of malignant endothelial cells expressing prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and is an ideal comparative tumor model system for evaluating the specificity and feasibility of tumor-associated endothelial cell targeting by A10 Apt-functionalized NC (A10 NC). In vitro, A10 NCs were selectively internalized across a panel of PSMA-expressing cancer cell lines, and when incorporating Doxo, A10 Doxo-PLA NCs exerted greater cytotoxic effects compared to nonfunctionalized Doxo-PLA NCs and free Doxo. Importantly, intravenously delivered A10 NCs selectively targeted PSMA-expressing tumor-associated endothelial cells at a cellular level in tumor-bearing mice and dramatically increased the uptake of NCs by endothelial cells within the local tumor microenvironment. By virtue of controlled drug release kinetics and selective tumor-associated endothelial cell targeting, A10 Doxo-PLA NCs possess a desirable safety profile in vivo, being well-tolerated following high-dose intravenous infusion in mice, as supported by the absence of any histologic organ toxicity. In cHSA-implanted mice, two consecutive intravenous infusions of A10 Doxo-PLA NCs exerted rapid and substantial cytoreductive activities within a period of 7 days, resulting in greater than 70% reduction in macroscopic tumor-associated endothelial cell burden as a consequence of enhanced cell death and necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Luke B Borst
- §Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
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44
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Tonomura N, Elvers I, Thomas R, Megquier K, Turner-Maier J, Howald C, Sarver AL, Swofford R, Frantz AM, Ito D, Mauceli E, Arendt M, Noh HJ, Koltookian M, Biagi T, Fryc S, Williams C, Avery AC, Kim JH, Barber L, Burgess K, Lander ES, Karlsson EK, Azuma C, Modiano JF, Breen M, Lindblad-Toh K. Genome-wide association study identifies shared risk loci common to two malignancies in golden retrievers. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1004922. [PMID: 25642983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dogs, with their breed-determined limited genetic background, are great models of human disease including cancer. Canine B-cell lymphoma and hemangiosarcoma are both malignancies of the hematologic system that are clinically and histologically similar to human B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and angiosarcoma, respectively. Golden retrievers in the US show significantly elevated lifetime risk for both B-cell lymphoma (6%) and hemangiosarcoma (20%). We conducted genome-wide association studies for hemangiosarcoma and B-cell lymphoma, identifying two shared predisposing loci. The two associated loci are located on chromosome 5, and together contribute ~20% of the risk of developing these cancers. Genome-wide p-values for the top SNP of each locus are 4.6×10-7 and 2.7×10-6, respectively. Whole genome resequencing of nine cases and controls followed by genotyping and detailed analysis identified three shared and one B-cell lymphoma specific risk haplotypes within the two loci, but no coding changes were associated with the risk haplotypes. Gene expression analysis of B-cell lymphoma tumors revealed that carrying the risk haplotypes at the first locus is associated with down-regulation of several nearby genes including the proximal gene TRPC6, a transient receptor Ca2+-channel involved in T-cell activation, among other functions. The shared risk haplotype in the second locus overlaps the vesicle transport and release gene STX8. Carrying the shared risk haplotype is associated with gene expression changes of 100 genes enriched for pathways involved in immune cell activation. Thus, the predisposing germ-line mutations in B-cell lymphoma and hemangiosarcoma appear to be regulatory, and affect pathways involved in T-cell mediated immune response in the tumor. This suggests that the interaction between the immune system and malignant cells plays a common role in the tumorigenesis of these relatively different cancers. To shed light on the genetic predisposition to cancers of the hematologic system, we performed genome-wide association analysis of affected and non-affected pet dogs. Dogs naturally develop the same diseases as humans, including cancer, and the relatively limited genetic diversity within different breeds makes genetic studies easier compared to in humans. By doing genome-wide association, we identified loci predisposing to hemangiosarcoma and B-cell lymphoma. To our surprise, we found two shared loci predisposing to both diseases. Within these two regions we identified several partially overlapping haplotypes, predisposing somewhat differently to the two cancers. We found no coding mutations that followed the risk or non-risk haplotypes suggesting that regulatory mutations exert the effect on disease. We also looked at gene expression in B-cell lymphomas, comparing samples from individuals with risk or non-risk haplotypes. This analysis showed differential expression associated with the haplotypes at both loci, suggesting the risk haplotypes are associated with an effect on T-cell response.
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Gorden BH, Saha J, Khammanivong A, Schwartz GK, Dickerson EB. Lysosomal drug sequestration as a mechanism of drug resistance in vascular sarcoma cells marked by high CSF-1R expression. Vasc Cell 2014; 6:20. [PMID: 25295160 PMCID: PMC4188569 DOI: 10.1186/2045-824x-6-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human angiosarcoma and canine hemangiosarcoma are thought to arise from vascular tissue or vascular forming cells based upon their histological appearance. However, recent evidence indicates a hematopoietic or angioblastic cell of origin for these tumors. In support of this idea, we previously identified an endothelial-myeloid progenitor cell population with high expression of endothelial cell markers and the myeloid cell marker, colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R). Here, we further characterized these cells to better understand how their cellular characteristics may impact current therapeutic applications. Methods We performed cell enrichment studies from canine hemangiosarcoma and human angiosarcoma cell lines to generate cell populations with high or low CSF-1R expression. We then utilized flow cytometry, side population and cell viability assays, and fluorescence based approaches to elucidate drug resistance mechanisms and to determine the expression of hematopoietic and endothelial progenitor cell markers. Results We demonstrated that cells with high CSF-1R expression enriched from hemangiosarcoma and angiosarcoma cell lines are more drug resistant than cells with little or no CSF-1R expression. We determined that the increased drug resistance may be due to increased ABC transporter expression in hemangiosarcoma and increased drug sequestration within cellular lysosomes in both hemangiosarcoma and angiosarcoma. Conclusions We identified drug sequestration within cellular lysosomes as a shared drug resistance mechanism in human and canine vascular sarcomas marked by high CSF-1R expression. Taken together, our results demonstrate that studies in highly prevalent canine hemangiosarcoma may be especially relevant to understanding and addressing drug resistance mechanisms in both the canine and human forms of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandi H Gorden
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1352 Boyd Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Jhuma Saha
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1352 Boyd Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Ali Khammanivong
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1352 Boyd Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Gary K Schwartz
- Laboratory of New Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA ; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erin B Dickerson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1352 Boyd Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA ; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Khammanivong A, Gorden BH, Frantz AM, Graef AJ, Dickerson EB. Identification of drug-resistant subpopulations in canine hemangiosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2014; 14:e113-25. [PMID: 25112808 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Canine hemangiosarcoma is a rapidly progressive disease that is poorly responsive to conventional chemotherapy. Despite numerous attempts to advance treatment options and improve outcomes, drug resistance remains a hurdle to successful therapy. To address this problem, we used recently characterized progenitor cell populations derived from canine hemangiosarcoma cell lines and grown as non-adherent spheres to identify potential drug resistance mechanisms as well as drug-resistant cell populations. Cells from sphere-forming cultures displayed enhanced resistance to chemotherapy drugs, expansion of dye-excluding side populations and altered ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter expression. Invasion studies demonstrated variability between cell lines as well as between sphere and monolayer cell populations. Collectively, our results suggest that sphere cell populations contain distinct subpopulations of drug-resistant cells that utilize multiple mechanisms to evade cytotoxic drugs. Our approach represents a new tool for the study of drug resistance in hemangiosarcoma, which could alter approaches for treating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khammanivong
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - B H Gorden
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - A M Frantz
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - A J Graef
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - E B Dickerson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Kim JH, Frantz AM, Anderson KL, Graef AJ, Scott MC, Robinson S, Sharkey LC, O Brien TD, Dickerson EB, Modiano JF. Interleukin-8 promotes canine hemangiosarcoma growth by regulating the tumor microenvironment. Exp Cell Res 2014; 323:155-164. [PMID: 24582862 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-8 (IL-8) gene expression is highly up-regulated in canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA); however, its role in the pathogenesis of this disease is unknown. We investigated the expression of IL-8 in canine HSA tissues and cell lines, as well and the effects of IL-8 on canine HSA in vitro, and in vivo using a mouse xenograft model for the latter. Constitutive expression of IL-8 mRNA, IL-8 protein, and IL-8 receptor were variable among different tumor samples and cell lines, but they showed stable steady states in each cell line. Upon the addition of IL-8, HSA cells showed transient intracellular calcium fluxes, suggesting that their IL-8 receptors are functional and that IL-8 binding activates relevant signaling pathways. Yet, neither addition of exogenous IL-8 nor blockade of endogenous IL-8 by neutralizing anti-IL-8 antibody (α-IL-8 Ab) affected HSA cell proliferation or survival in vitro. To assess potential effects of IL-8 in other tumor constituents, we stratified HSA cell lines and whole tumor samples into "IL-8 high" and "IL-8 low" groups. Genome-wide gene expression profiling showed that samples in the "IL-8 high" tumor group were enriched for genes associated with a "reactive microenvironment," including activation of coagulation, inflammation, and fibrosis networks. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that the effects of IL-8 on these tumors were mostly indirect, regulating interactions with the microenvironment. This hypothesis was supported by in vivo xenograft experiments where survival and engraftment of tumor cells was inhibited by administration of neutralizing α-IL-8 Ab. Together, our results suggest that IL-8 contributes to establishing a permissive microenvironment during the early stages of tumorigenesis in HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hyuk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Aric M Frantz
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Katie L Anderson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Ashley J Graef
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Milcah C Scott
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Sally Robinson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Leslie C Sharkey
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Timothy D O Brien
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA; Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Erin B Dickerson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Gorden BH, Kim JH, Sarver AL, Frantz AM, Breen M, Lindblad-Toh K, O'Brien TD, Sharkey LC, Modiano JF, Dickerson EB. Identification of three molecular and functional subtypes in canine hemangiosarcoma through gene expression profiling and progenitor cell characterization. Am J Pathol 2014; 184:985-95. [PMID: 24525151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Canine hemangiosarcomas have been ascribed to an endothelial origin based on histologic appearance; however, recent findings suggest that these tumors may arise instead from hematopoietic progenitor cells. To clarify this ontogenetic dilemma, we used genome-wide expression profiling of primary hemangiosarcomas and identified three distinct tumor subtypes associated with angiogenesis (group 1), inflammation (group 2), and adipogenesis (group 3). Based on these findings, we hypothesized that a common progenitor may differentiate into the three tumor subtypes observed in our gene profiling experiment. To investigate this possibility, we cultured hemangiosarcoma cell lines under normal and sphere-forming culture conditions to enrich for tumor cell progenitors. Cells from sphere-forming cultures displayed a robust self-renewal capacity and exhibited genotypic, phenotypic, and functional properties consistent with each of the three molecular subtypes seen in primary tumors, including expression of endothelial progenitor cell (CD133 and CD34) and endothelial cell (CD105, CD146, and αvβ3 integrin) markers, expression of early hematopoietic (CD133, CD117, and CD34) and myeloid (CD115 and CD14) differentiation markers in parallel with increased phagocytic capacity, and acquisition of adipogenic potential. Collectively, these results suggest that canine hemangiosarcomas arise from multipotent progenitors that differentiate into distinct subtypes. Improved understanding of the mechanisms that determine the molecular and phenotypic differentiation of tumor cells in vivo could change paradigms regarding the origin and progression of endothelial sarcomas.
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Smith GR, Nemeth NM, Howerth EW, Butler AM, Gottdenker NL. Spontaneous Pulmonary Hemangiosarcoma in a Norway Rat (Rattus norvegicus). J Exot Pet Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2013.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Borgatti A. Binding of VEGF-A to canine cancer cells with preferential expression of VEGFR1. Vet World 2014. [DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.1-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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