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Hu R, Lan J, Zhang D, Shen W. Nanotherapeutics for prostate cancer treatment: A comprehensive review. Biomaterials 2024; 305:122469. [PMID: 38244344 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent solid organ malignancy and seriously affects male health. The adverse effects of prostate cancer therapeutics can cause secondary damage to patients. Nanotherapeutics, which have special targeting abilities and controlled therapeutic release profiles, may serve as alternative agents for PCa treatment. At present, many nanotherapeutics have been developed to treat PCa and have shown better treatment effects in animals than traditional therapeutics. Although PCa nanotherapeutics are highly attractive, few successful cases have been reported in clinical practice. To help researchers design valuable nanotherapeutics for PCa treatment and avoid useless efforts, herein, we first reviewed the strategies and challenges involved in prostate cancer treatment. Subsequently, we presented a comprehensive review of nanotherapeutics for PCa treatment, including their targeting methods, controlled release strategies, therapeutic approaches and mechanisms. Finally, we proposed the future prospects of nanotherapeutics for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Hu
- Department of Urology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China; Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jin Lan
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Dinglin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China; Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Wenhao Shen
- Department of Urology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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2
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Lübke S, Braukmann C, Rexer KH, Cigoja L, Rout P, Önel SF. The Abl-interactor Abi suppresses the function of the BRAG2 GEF family member Schizo. Biol Open 2024; 13:bio058666. [PMID: 34897417 PMCID: PMC10810563 DOI: 10.1242/bio.058666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) of the BRAG subfamily activate small Arf GTPases, which are pivotal regulators of intracellular membrane traffic and actin dynamics. Consequently, BRAG proteins have been implicated to regulate the surface levels of adhesive and signaling receptors. However, not much is known about the mechanism leading to the regulation of these surface proteins. In this study, we found that the Drosophila BRAG GEF Schizo interacts physically with the Abl-interactor (Abi). schizo mutants display severe defects in myoblast fusion during syncytial muscle formation and show increased amounts of the cell adhesion protein N-cadherin. We demonstrate that the schizo myoblast fusion phenotype can be rescued by the expression of the Schizo GEF (Sec7) and membrane-binding (pleckstrin homology) domain. Furthermore, the expression of the Sec7-PH domain in a wild-type background decreases the amounts of N-cadherin and impairs myoblast fusion. These findings support the notion that the Sec7-PH domain serves as a constitutive-active form of Schizo. Using a yeast-two hybrid assay, we show that the SH3 domain of Abi interacts with the N-terminal region of Schizo. This region is also able to bind to the cytodomain of the cell adhesion molecule N-cadherin. To shed light on the function of Schizo and Abi in N-cadherin removal, we employed epistasis experiments in different developmental contexts of Drosophila. These studies point towards a new model for the regulation of Schizo. We propose that the binding of Abi to the N-terminal part of Schizo antagonizes Schizo function to inhibit N-cadherin removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Lübke
- Fachbereich Medizin, Department for Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Emil-Mannkopff-Str. 2, 35037 Marburg, Germany
- Fachbereich Biologie, Department for Developmental Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- DFG Research Training Group, Membrane Plasticity in Tissue Development and Remodeling, GRK 2213, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Carina Braukmann
- Fachbereich Biologie, Department for Developmental Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Rexer
- Fachbereich Biologie, Department for Biodiversity of Plants, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Lubjinka Cigoja
- Fachbereich Biologie, Department for Developmental Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Pratiti Rout
- DFG Research Training Group, Membrane Plasticity in Tissue Development and Remodeling, GRK 2213, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Fachbereich Biologie, Department for Molecular Embryology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Susanne F. Önel
- Fachbereich Medizin, Department for Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Emil-Mannkopff-Str. 2, 35037 Marburg, Germany
- Fachbereich Biologie, Department for Developmental Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- DFG Research Training Group, Membrane Plasticity in Tissue Development and Remodeling, GRK 2213, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Fachbereich Biologie, Department for Molecular Embryology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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3
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Maurin M, Ranjouri M, Megino-Luque C, Newberg JY, Du D, Martin K, Miner RE, Prater MS, Wee DKB, Centeno B, Pruett-Miller SM, Stewart P, Fleming JB, Yu X, Bravo-Cordero JJ, Guccione E, Black MA, Mann KM. RBFOX2 deregulation promotes pancreatic cancer progression and metastasis through alternative splicing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8444. [PMID: 38114498 PMCID: PMC10730836 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44126-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA splicing is an important biological process associated with cancer initiation and progression. However, the contribution of alternative splicing to pancreatic cancer (PDAC) development is not well understood. Here, we identify an enrichment of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) involved in splicing regulation linked to PDAC progression from a forward genetic screen using Sleeping Beauty insertional mutagenesis in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. We demonstrate downregulation of RBFOX2, an RBP of the FOX family, promotes pancreatic cancer progression and liver metastasis. Specifically, we show RBFOX2 regulates exon splicing events in transcripts encoding proteins involved in cytoskeletal remodeling programs. These exons are differentially spliced in PDAC patients, with enhanced exon skipping in the classical subtype for several RBFOX2 targets. RBFOX2 mediated splicing of ABI1, encoding the Abelson-interactor 1 adapter protein, controls the abundance and localization of ABI1 protein isoforms in pancreatic cancer cells and promotes the relocalization of ABI1 from the cytoplasm to the periphery of migrating cells. Using splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) we demonstrate the ABI1 ∆Ex9 isoform enhances cell migration. Together, our data identify a role for RBFOX2 in promoting PDAC progression through alternative splicing regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Maurin
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | | | - Cristina Megino-Luque
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Justin Y Newberg
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Dongliang Du
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Katelyn Martin
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Robert E Miner
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Mollie S Prater
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Center for Advanced Genome Engineering (CAGE), St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Dave Keng Boon Wee
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Barbara Centeno
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Shondra M Pruett-Miller
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Center for Advanced Genome Engineering (CAGE), St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Paul Stewart
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jason B Fleming
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jose Javier Bravo-Cordero
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Center for OncoGenomics and Innovative Therapeutics (COGIT), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Oncological Sciences and Pharmacological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Michael A Black
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Karen M Mann
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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Petersen M, Chorzalska A, Pardo M, Rodriguez A, Morgan J, Ahsan N, Zhao TC, Liang O, Kotula L, Bertone P, Gruppuso PA, Dubielecka PM. Proximity proteomics reveals role of Abelson interactor 1 in the regulation of TAK1/RIPK1 signaling. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:2356-2379. [PMID: 36635880 PMCID: PMC10620119 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the adaptor protein Abelson interactor 1 (ABI1) is linked to malignant transformation. To interrogate the role of ABI1 in cancer development, we mapped the ABI1 interactome using proximity-dependent labeling (PDL) with biotin followed by mass spectrometry. Using a novel PDL data filtering strategy, considering both peptide spectral matches and peak areas of detected peptides, we identified 212 ABI1 proximal interactors. These included WAVE2 complex components such as CYFIP1, NCKAP1, or WASF1, confirming the known role of ABI1 in the regulation of actin-polymerization-dependent processes. We also identified proteins associated with the TAK1-IKK pathway, including TAK1, TAB2, and RIPK1, denoting a newly identified function of ABI1 in TAK1-NF-κB inflammatory signaling. Functional assays using TNFα-stimulated, ABI1-overexpressing or ABI1-deficient cells showed effects on the TAK1-NF-kB pathway-dependent signaling to RIPK1, with ABI1-knockout cells being less susceptible to TNFα-induced, RIPK1-mediated, TAK1-dependent apoptosis. In sum, our PDL-based strategy enabled mapping of the ABI1 proximal interactome, thus revealing a previously unknown role of this adaptor protein in TAK1/RIPK1-based regulation of cell death and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Petersen
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
- Division of Hematology/OncologyRhode Island HospitalProvidenceRIUSA
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Anna Chorzalska
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
- Division of Hematology/OncologyRhode Island HospitalProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Makayla Pardo
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
- Division of Hematology/OncologyRhode Island HospitalProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Anaelena Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
- Division of Hematology/OncologyRhode Island HospitalProvidenceRIUSA
| | - John Morgan
- Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting Core FacilityRoger Williams Medical CenterProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Nagib Ahsan
- COBRE Center for Cancer Research Development, Proteomics Core FacilityRhode Island HospitalProvidenceRIUSA
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryThe University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA
- Mass Spectrometry, Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Stephenson Life Sciences Research CenterThe University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA
| | - Ting C. Zhao
- Department of SurgeryRhode Island Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Olin Liang
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
- Division of Hematology/OncologyRhode Island HospitalProvidenceRIUSA
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Leszek Kotula
- Department of UrologySUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNYUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNYUSA
- Upstate Cancer CenterSUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNYUSA
| | - Paul Bertone
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
- Division of Hematology/OncologyRhode Island HospitalProvidenceRIUSA
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Philip A. Gruppuso
- Division of Pediatric EndocrinologyRhode Island Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Patrycja M. Dubielecka
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
- Division of Hematology/OncologyRhode Island HospitalProvidenceRIUSA
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
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5
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Han KA, Ko J. Orchestration of synaptic functions by WAVE regulatory complex-mediated actin reorganization. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1065-1075. [PMID: 37258575 PMCID: PMC10318009 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The WAVE regulatory complex (WRC), composed of five components-Cyfip1/Sra1, WAVE/Scar, Abi, Nap1/Nckap1, and Brk1/HSPC300-is essential for proper actin cytoskeletal dynamics and remodeling in eukaryotic cells, likely by matching various patterned signals to Arp2/3-mediated actin nucleation. Accumulating evidence from recent studies has revealed diverse functions of the WRC in neurons, demonstrating its crucial role in dictating the assembly of molecular complexes for the patterning of various trans-synaptic signals. In this review, we discuss recent exciting findings on the physiological role of the WRC in regulating synaptic properties and highlight the involvement of WRC dysfunction in various brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ah Han
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), 333 Techno Jungangdae-Ro, Hyeonpoong-Eup, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, 42988, Korea
- Center for Synapse Diversity and Specificity, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Korea
| | - Jaewon Ko
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), 333 Techno Jungangdae-Ro, Hyeonpoong-Eup, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, 42988, Korea.
- Center for Synapse Diversity and Specificity, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Korea.
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6
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Machesky LM. CYRI proteins: controllers of actin dynamics in the cellular 'eat vs walk' decision. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:579-585. [PMID: 36892409 PMCID: PMC10212538 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Cells use actin-based protrusions not only to migrate, but also to sample their environment and take up liquids and particles, including nutrients, antigens and pathogens. Lamellipodia are sheet-like actin-based protrusions involved in sensing the substratum and directing cell migration. Related structures, macropinocytic cups, arise from lamellipodia ruffles and can take in large gulps of the surrounding medium. How cells regulate the balance between using lamellipodia for migration and macropinocytosis is not yet well understood. We recently identified CYRI proteins as RAC1-binding regulators of the dynamics of lamellipodia and macropinocytic events. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of how cells regulate the balance between eating and walking by repurposing their actin cytoskeletons in response to environmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Machesky
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, U.K
- CRUK Beatson Institute and Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
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7
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Campellone KG, Lebek NM, King VL. Branching out in different directions: Emerging cellular functions for the Arp2/3 complex and WASP-family actin nucleation factors. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151301. [PMID: 36907023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton impacts practically every function of a eukaryotic cell. Historically, the best-characterized cytoskeletal activities are in cell morphogenesis, motility, and division. The structural and dynamic properties of the actin cytoskeleton are also crucial for establishing, maintaining, and changing the organization of membrane-bound organelles and other intracellular structures. Such activities are important in nearly all animal cells and tissues, although distinct anatomical regions and physiological systems rely on different regulatory factors. Recent work indicates that the Arp2/3 complex, a broadly expressed actin nucleator, drives actin assembly during several intracellular stress response pathways. These newly described Arp2/3-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangements are coordinated by members of the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein (WASP) family of actin nucleation-promoting factors. Thus, the Arp2/3 complex and WASP-family proteins are emerging as crucial players in cytoplasmic and nuclear activities including autophagy, apoptosis, chromatin dynamics, and DNA repair. Characterizations of the functions of the actin assembly machinery in such stress response mechanisms are advancing our understanding of both normal and pathogenic processes, and hold great promise for providing insights into organismal development and interventions for disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth G Campellone
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA.
| | - Nadine M Lebek
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Virginia L King
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA
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8
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Delgado M, Lennon-Duménil AM. How cell migration helps immune sentinels. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:932472. [PMID: 36268510 PMCID: PMC9577558 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.932472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system relies on the migratory capacity of its cellular components, which must be mobile in order to defend the host from invading micro-organisms or malignant cells. This applies in particular to immune sentinels from the myeloid lineage, i.e. macrophages and dendritic cells. Cell migration is already at work during mammalian early development, when myeloid cell precursors migrate from the yolk sac, an extra embryonic structure, to colonize tissues and form the pool of tissue-resident macrophages. Later, this is accompanied by a migration wave of precursors and monocytes from the bone marrow to secondary lymphoid organs and the peripheral tissues. They differentiate into DCs and monocyte-derived macrophages. During adult life, cell migration endows immune cells with the ability to patrol their environment as well as to circulate between peripheral tissues and lymphoid organs. Hence migration of immune cells is key to building an efficient defense system for an organism. In this review, we will describe how cell migratory capacity regulates the various stages in the life of myeloid cells from development to tissue patrolling, and migration to lymph nodes. We will focus on the role of the actin cytoskeletal machinery and its regulators, and how it contributes to the establishment and function of the immune system.
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Wang R, Arbel E, Tang DD. Smooth Muscle Myosin Localizes at the Leading Edge and Regulates the Redistribution of Actin-regulatory Proteins during Migration. Cells 2022; 11:2334. [PMID: 35954178 PMCID: PMC9367404 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle cell migration plays an essential role in airway development, repair, and remodeling. Smooth muscle myosin II has been traditionally thought to localize in the cytoplasm solely and regulates cell migration by affecting stress fiber formation and focal adhesion assembly. In this study, we unexpectedly found that 20-kDa myosin light chain (MLC20) and myosin-11 (MYH11), important components of smooth muscle myosin, were present at the edge of lamellipodia. The knockdown of MLC20 or MYH11 attenuated the recruitment of c-Abl, cortactinProfilin-1 (Pfn-1), and Abi1 to the cell edge. Moreover, myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) colocalized with integrin β1 at the tip of protrusion. The inhibition of MLCK attenuated the recruitment of c-Abl, cortactin, Pfn-1, and Abi1 to the cell edge. Furthermore, MLCK localization at the leading edge was reduced by integrin β1 knockdown. Taken together, our results demonstrate that smooth muscle myosin localizes at the leading edge and orchestrates the recruitment of actin-regulatory proteins to the tip of lamellipodia. Mechanistically, integrin β1 recruits MLCK to the leading edge, which catalyzes MLC20 phosphorylation. Activated myosin regulates the recruitment of actin-regulatory proteins to the leading edge, and promotes lamellipodial formation and migration.
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10
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Kramer DA, Piper HK, Chen B. WASP family proteins: Molecular mechanisms and implications in human disease. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151244. [PMID: 35667337 PMCID: PMC9357188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) family play a central role in regulating actin cytoskeletal dynamics in a wide range of cellular processes. Genetic mutations or misregulation of these proteins are tightly associated with many diseases. The WASP-family proteins act by transmitting various upstream signals to their conserved WH2-Central-Acidic (WCA) peptide sequence at the C-terminus, which in turn binds to the Arp2/3 complex to stimulate the formation of branched actin networks at membranes. Despite this common feature, the regulatory mechanisms and cellular functions of distinct WASP-family proteins are very different. Here, we summarize and clarify our current understanding of WASP-family proteins and how disruption of their functions is related to human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Kramer
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, 2437 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Hannah K Piper
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, 2437 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Baoyu Chen
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, 2437 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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11
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Fung TS, Chakrabarti R, Kollasser J, Rottner K, Stradal TE, Kage F, Higgs HN. Parallel kinase pathways stimulate actin polymerization at depolarized mitochondria. Curr Biol 2022; 32:1577-1592.e8. [PMID: 35290799 PMCID: PMC9078333 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial damage (MtD) represents a dramatic change in cellular homeostasis, necessitating metabolic changes and stimulating mitophagy. One rapid response to MtD is a rapid peri-mitochondrial actin polymerization termed ADA (acute damage-induced actin). The activation mechanism for ADA is unknown. Here, we use mitochondrial depolarization or the complex I inhibitor metformin to induce ADA. We show that two parallel signaling pathways are required for ADA. In one pathway, increased cytosolic calcium in turn activates PKC-β, Rac, WAVE regulatory complex, and Arp2/3 complex. In the other pathway, a drop in cellular ATP in turn activates AMPK (through LKB1), Cdc42, and FMNL formins. We also identify putative guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac and Cdc42, Trio and Fgd1, respectively, whose phosphorylation states increase upon mitochondrial depolarization and whose suppression inhibits ADA. The depolarization-induced calcium increase is dependent on the mitochondrial sodium-calcium exchanger NCLX, suggesting initial mitochondrial calcium efflux. We also show that ADA inhibition results in enhanced mitochondrial shape changes upon mitochondrial depolarization, suggesting that ADA inhibits these shape changes. These depolarization-induced shape changes are not fragmentation but a circularization of the inner mitochondrial membrane, which is dependent on the inner mitochondrial membrane protease Oma1. ADA inhibition increases the proteolytic processing of an Oma1 substrate, the dynamin GTPase Opa1. These results show that ADA requires the combined action of the Arp2/3 complex and formin proteins to polymerize a network of actin filaments around mitochondria and that the ADA network inhibits the rapid mitochondrial shape changes that occur upon mitochondrial depolarization.
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12
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Wang R, Wang Y, Liao G, Chen B, Panettieri RA, Penn RB, Tang DD. Abi1 mediates airway smooth muscle cell proliferation and airway remodeling via Jak2/STAT3 signaling. iScience 2022; 25:103833. [PMID: 35198891 PMCID: PMC8851273 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a complex pulmonary disorder with multiple pathological mechanisms. A key pathological feature of chronic asthma is airway remodeling, which is largely attributed to airway smooth muscle (ASM) hyperplasia that contributes to thickening of the airway wall and further drives asthma pathology. The cellular processes that mediate ASM cell proliferation are not completely elucidated. Using multiple approaches, we demonstrate that the adapter protein Abi1 (Abelson interactor 1) is upregulated in ∼50% of ASM cell cultures derived from patients with asthma. Loss-of-function studies demonstrate that Abi1 regulates the activation of Jak2 (Janus kinase 2) and STAT3 (signal transducers and activators of transcription 3) as well as the proliferation of both nonasthmatic and asthmatic human ASM cell cultures. These findings identify Abi1 as a molecular switch that activates Jak2 kinase and STAT3 in ASM cells and demonstrate that a dysfunctional Abi1-associated pathway contributes to the progression of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruping Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Yinna Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Guoning Liao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Bohao Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Reynold A. Panettieri
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Raymond B. Penn
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Dale D. Tang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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13
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Dhanda AS, Vogl AW, Ness F, Innocenti M, Guttman JA. mDia1 Assembles a Linear F-Actin Coat at Membrane Invaginations To Drive Listeria monocytogenes Cell-to-Cell Spreading. mBio 2021;:e0293921. [PMID: 34781738 DOI: 10.1128/mBio.02939-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct cell-to-cell spreading of Listeria monocytogenes requires the bacteria to induce actin-based finger-like membrane protrusions in donor host cells that are endocytosed through caveolin-rich membrane invaginations by adjacent receiving cells. An actin shell surrounds these endocytic sites; however, its structure, composition, and functional significance remain elusive. Here, we show that the formin mDia1, but surprisingly not the Arp2/3 complex, is enriched at the membrane invaginations generated by L. monocytogenes during HeLa and Jeg-3 cell infections. Electron microscopy reveals a band of linear actin filaments that run along the longitudinal axis of the invagination membrane. Mechanistically, mDia1 expression is vital for the assembly of this F-actin shell. mDia1 is also required for the recruitment of Filamin A, a caveola-associated F-actin cross-linking protein, and caveolin-1 to the invaginations. Importantly, mixed-cell infection assays show that optimal caveolin-based L. monocytogenes cell-to-cell spreading correlates with the formation of the linear actin filament-containing shell by mDia1. IMPORTANCE Listeria monocytogenes spreads from one cell to another to colonize tissues. This cell-to-cell movement requires the propulsive force of an actin-rich comet tail behind the advancing bacterium, which ultimately distends the host plasma membrane into a slender bacterium-containing membrane protrusion. These membrane protrusions induce a corresponding invagination in the membrane of the adjacent host cell. The host cell that receives the protrusion utilizes caveolin-based endocytosis to internalize the structures, and filamentous actin lines these membrane invaginations. Here, we set out to determine the structure and function of this filamentous actin "shell." We demonstrate that the formin mDia1, but not the Arp2/3 complex, localizes to the invaginations. Morphologically, we show that this actin is organized into linear arrays and not branched dendritic networks. Mechanistically, we show that the actin shell is assembled by mDia1 and that mDia1 is required for efficient cell-to-cell transfer of L. monocytogenes.
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14
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Wang Y, Liao G, Wang R, Tang DD. Acetylation of Abelson interactor 1 at K416 regulates actin cytoskeleton and smooth muscle contraction. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21811. [PMID: 34369620 PMCID: PMC8800440 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100415r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Actin cytoskeletal reorganization plays an important role in regulating smooth muscle contraction, which is essential for the modulation of various physiological functions including airway tone. The adapter protein Abi1 (Abelson interactor 1) participates in the control of smooth muscle contraction. The mechanisms by which Abi1 coordinates smooth muscle function are not fully understood. Here, we found that contractile stimulation elicited Abi1 acetylation in human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells. Mutagenesis analysis identified lysine‐416 (K416) as a major acetylation site. Replacement of K416 with Q (glutamine) enhanced the interaction of Abi1 with neuronal Wiskott‐Aldrich syndrome protein (N‐WASP), an important actin‐regulatory protein. Moreover, the expression of K416Q Abi1 promoted actin polymerization and smooth muscle contraction without affecting myosin light chain phosphorylation at Ser‐19 and vimentin phosphorylation at Ser‐56. Furthermore, p300 is a lysine acetyltransferase that catalyzes acetylation of histone and non‐histone proteins in various cell types. Here, we discovered that a portion of p300 was localized in the cytoplasm of HASM cells. Knockdown of p300 reduced the agonist‐induced Abi1 acetylation in HASM cells and in mouse airway smooth muscle tissues. Smooth muscle conditional knockout of p300 inhibited actin polymerization and the contraction of airway smooth muscle tissues without affecting myosin light chain phosphorylation and vimentin phosphorylation. Together, our results suggest that contractile stimulation induces Abi1 acetylation via p300 in smooth muscle. Acetylation at K416 promotes the coupling of Abi1 with N‐WASP, which facilitates actin polymerization and smooth muscle contraction. This is a novel acetylation‐dependent regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinna Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Guoning Liao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Ruping Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Dale D Tang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
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15
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Ortiz MA, Mikhailova T, Li X, Porter BA, Bah A, Kotula L. Src family kinases, adaptor proteins and the actin cytoskeleton in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:67. [PMID: 34193161 PMCID: PMC8247114 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00750-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Over a century of scientific inquiry since the discovery of v-SRC but still no final judgement on SRC function. However, a significant body of work has defined Src family kinases as key players in tumor progression, invasion and metastasis in human cancer. With the ever-growing evidence supporting the role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in invasion and metastasis, so does our understanding of the role SFKs play in mediating these processes. Here we describe some key mechanisms through which Src family kinases play critical role in epithelial homeostasis and how their function is essential for the propagation of invasive signals. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Ortiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA.,Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Tatiana Mikhailova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA.,Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Baylee A Porter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA.,Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Alaji Bah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Leszek Kotula
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA. .,Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA.
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16
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Filić V, Mijanović L, Putar D, Talajić A, Ćetković H, Weber I. Regulation of the Actin Cytoskeleton via Rho GTPase Signalling in Dictyostelium and Mammalian Cells: A Parallel Slalom. Cells 2021; 10:1592. [PMID: 34202767 PMCID: PMC8305917 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Both Dictyostelium amoebae and mammalian cells are endowed with an elaborate actin cytoskeleton that enables them to perform a multitude of tasks essential for survival. Although these organisms diverged more than a billion years ago, their cells share the capability of chemotactic migration, large-scale endocytosis, binary division effected by actomyosin contraction, and various types of adhesions to other cells and to the extracellular environment. The composition and dynamics of the transient actin-based structures that are engaged in these processes are also astonishingly similar in these evolutionary distant organisms. The question arises whether this remarkable resemblance in the cellular motility hardware is accompanied by a similar correspondence in matching software, the signalling networks that govern the assembly of the actin cytoskeleton. Small GTPases from the Rho family play pivotal roles in the control of the actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Indicatively, Dictyostelium matches mammals in the number of these proteins. We give an overview of the Rho signalling pathways that regulate the actin dynamics in Dictyostelium and compare them with similar signalling networks in mammals. We also provide a phylogeny of Rho GTPases in Amoebozoa, which shows a variability of the Rho inventories across different clades found also in Metazoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedrana Filić
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.M.); (D.P.); (A.T.); (H.Ć.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Igor Weber
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.M.); (D.P.); (A.T.); (H.Ć.)
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17
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Zhang Y, Zhong Z, Li M, Chen J, Lin T, Sun J, Wang D, Mu Q, Su H, Wu N, Liu A, Yu Y, Zhang M, Liu Y, Guo J, Yu W. The roles and prognostic significance of ABI1-TSV-11 expression in patients with left-sided colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10734. [PMID: 34031495 PMCID: PMC8144562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90220-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormally expressed and/or phosphorylated Abelson interactor 1 (ABI1) participates in the metastasis and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). ABI1 presents as at least 12 transcript variants (TSVs) by mRNA alternative splicing, but it is unknown which of them is involved in CRC metastasis and prognosis. Here, we firstly identified ABI1-TSV-11 as a key TSV affecting the metastasis and prognosis of left-sided colorectal cancer (LsCC) and its elevated expression is related to lymph node metastasis and shorter overall survival (OS) in LsCC by analyzing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and TSVdb. Secondly, ABI1-TSV-11 overexpression promoted LoVo and SW480 cells adhesion and migration in vitro, and accelerated LoVo and SW480 cells lung metastasis in vivo. Finally, mechanism investigations revealed that ABI1-isoform-11 interacted with epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8 (ESP8) and regulated actin dynamics to affect LoVo and SW480 cells biological behaviors. Taken together, our data demonstrated that ABI1-TSV-11 plays an oncogenic role in LsCC, it is an independent risk factor of prognosis and may be a potential molecular marker and therapeutic target in LsCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tingru Lin
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Mu
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huiting Su
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Aiyu Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yimeng Yu
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Menglei Zhang
- Department of Animal Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingzhu Guo
- Department of Pediatric, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Weidong Yu
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
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18
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Abstract
Dynamic rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton drives a myriad of processes in eukaryotic cells, such as cell migration and vesicle trafficking, and its dysregulation is deeply associated with various diseases, including cancer, immune deficiency, and neurological disorders. Members of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) family, including WASP, N-WASP, WAVE, WASH, WHAMM, JMY, and the recently identified WHIMP, are ubiquitous regulators of actin dynamics. Although each WASP-family protein uses a different regulatory mechanism and participates in distinct cellular processes, they all act by integrating various upstream signals and transmitting them to their carboxy-terminal WCA (WH2-central-acidic, where WH2 stands for WASP homology 2) domain. This domain stimulates the actin nucleation activity of the Arp2/3 complex to promote the formation of new filaments from existing ones, creating branched actin networks that are crucial for dynamic deformations of membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klemens Rottner
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Theresia E B Stradal
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Baoyu Chen
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, 3110 Molecular Biology Building, Ames, IA, USA.
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19
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Fokin AI, Gautreau AM. Assembly and Activity of the WASH Molecular Machine: Distinctive Features at the Crossroads of the Actin and Microtubule Cytoskeletons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:658865. [PMID: 33869225 PMCID: PMC8047104 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.658865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Arp2/3 complex generates branched actin networks at different locations of the cell. The WASH and WAVE Nucleation Promoting Factors (NPFs) activate the Arp2/3 complex at the surface of endosomes or at the cell cortex, respectively. In this review, we will discuss how these two NPFs are controlled within distinct, yet related, multiprotein complexes. These complexes are not spontaneously assembled around WASH and WAVE, but require cellular assembly factors. The centrosome, which nucleates microtubules and branched actin, appears to be a privileged site for WASH complex assembly. The actin and microtubule cytoskeletons are both responsible for endosome shape and membrane remodeling. Motors, such as dynein, pull endosomes and extend membrane tubules along microtubule tracks, whereas branched actin pushes onto the endosomal membrane. It was recently uncovered that WASH assembles a super complex with dynactin, the major dynein activator, where the Capping Protein (CP) is exchanged from dynactin to the WASH complex. This CP swap initiates the first actin filament that primes the autocatalytic nucleation of branched actin at the surface of endosomes. Possible coordination between pushing and pulling forces in the remodeling of endosomal membranes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem I Fokin
- Laboratoire de Biologie Structurale de la Cellule, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, IP Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Alexis M Gautreau
- Laboratoire de Biologie Structurale de la Cellule, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, IP Paris, Palaiseau, France.,School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
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20
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Qi Y, Liu J, Chao J, Greer PA, Li S. PTEN dephosphorylates Abi1 to promote epithelial morphogenesis. J Cell Biol 2021; 219:151941. [PMID: 32673396 PMCID: PMC7480098 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201910041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor PTEN is essential for early development. Its lipid phosphatase activity converts PIP3 to PIP2 and antagonizes the PI3K–Akt pathway. In this study, we demonstrate that PTEN’s protein phosphatase activity is required for epiblast epithelial differentiation and polarization. This is accomplished by reconstitution of PTEN-null embryoid bodies with PTEN mutants that lack only PTEN’s lipid phosphatase activity or both PTEN’s lipid and protein phosphatase activities. Phosphotyrosine antibody immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry were used to identify Abi1, a core component of the WASP-family verprolin homologous protein (WAVE) regulatory complex (WRC), as a new PTEN substrate. We demonstrate that PTEN dephosphorylation of Abi1 at Y213 and S216 results in Abi1 degradation through the calpain pathway. This leads to down-regulation of the WRC and reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. The latter is critical to the transformation of nonpolar pluripotent stem cells into the polarized epiblast epithelium. Our findings establish a link between PTEN and WAVE-Arp2/3–regulated actin cytoskeletal dynamics in epithelial morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Qi
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Joshua Chao
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Peter A Greer
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shaohua Li
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
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21
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Abstract
During development of metastasis, tumor cells migrate through different tissues and encounter different extracellular matrices. An ability of cells to adapt mechanisms of their migration to these diverse environmental conditions, called migration plasticity, gives tumor cells an advantage over normal cells for long distant dissemination. Different modes of individual cell motility-mesenchymal and amoeboid-are driven by different molecular mechanisms, which largely depend on functions of the actin cytoskeleton that can be modulated in a wide range by cellular signaling mechanisms in response to environmental conditions. Various triggers can switch one motility mode to another, but regulations of these transitions are incompletely understood. However, understanding of the mechanisms driving migration plasticity is instrumental for finding anti-cancer treatment capable to stop cancer metastasis. In this review, we discuss cytoskeletal features, which allow the individually migrating cells to switch between mesenchymal and amoeboid migrating modes, called mesenchymal-to-amoeboid transition (MAT). We briefly describe main characteristics of different cell migration modes, and then discuss the triggering factors that initiate MAT with special attention to cytoskeletal features essential for migration plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Y Alexandrova
- Laboratory of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Aleksandra S Chikina
- Cell Migration and Invasion and Spatio-Temporal Regulation of Antigen Presentation teams, UMR144/U932 Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Tatyana M Svitkina
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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22
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Biber G, Ben-Shmuel A, Sabag B, Barda-Saad M. Actin regulators in cancer progression and metastases: From structure and function to cytoskeletal dynamics. Int Rev Cell Mol Biol 2020; 356:131-196. [PMID: 33066873 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cytoskeleton is a central factor contributing to various hallmarks of cancer. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence demonstrating the involvement of actin regulatory proteins in malignancy, and their dysregulation was shown to predict poor clinical prognosis. Although enhanced cytoskeletal activity is often associated with cancer progression, the expression of several inducers of actin polymerization is remarkably reduced in certain malignancies, and it is not completely clear how these changes promote tumorigenesis and metastases. The complexities involved in cytoskeletal induction of cancer progression therefore pose considerable difficulties for therapeutic intervention; it is not always clear which cytoskeletal regulator should be targeted in order to impede cancer progression, and whether this targeting may inadvertently enhance alternative invasive pathways which can aggravate tumor growth. The entire constellation of cytoskeletal machineries in eukaryotic cells are numerous and complex; the system is comprised of and regulated by hundreds of proteins, which could not be covered in a single review. Therefore, we will focus here on the actin cytoskeleton, which encompasses the biological machinery behind most of the key cellular functions altered in cancer, with specific emphasis on actin nucleating factors and nucleation-promoting factors. Finally, we discuss current therapeutic strategies for cancer which aim to target the cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Biber
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - A Ben-Shmuel
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - B Sabag
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - M Barda-Saad
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
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23
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Wang R, Liao G, Wang Y, Tang DD. Distinctive roles of Abi1 in regulating actin-associated proteins during human smooth muscle cell migration. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10667. [PMID: 32606387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67781-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle cell migration is essential for many diverse biological processes such as pulmonary/cardiovascular development and homeostasis. Abi1 (Abelson interactor 1) is an adapter protein that has been implicated in nonmuscle cell migration. However, the role and mechanism of Abi1 in smooth muscle migration are largely unknown. Here, Abi1 knockdown by shRNA reduced human airway smooth muscle cell migration, which was restored by Abi1 rescue. Abi1 localized at the tip of lamellipodia and its protrusion coordinated with F-actin at the leading cell edge of live cells. In addition, we identified profilin-1 (Pfn-1), a G-actin transporter, as a new partner for Abi1. Abi1 knockdown reduced the recruitment of Pfn-1 to the leading cell edge. Moreover, Abi1 knockdown reduced the localization of the actin-regulatory proteins c-Abl (Abelson tyrosine kinase) and N-WASP (neuronal Wiskott–Aldrich Syndrome Protein) at the cell edge without affecting other migration-related proteins including pVASP (phosphorylated vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein), cortactin and vinculin. Furthermore, we found that c-Abl and integrin β1 regulated the positioning of Abi1 at the leading edge. Taken together, the results suggest that Abi1 regulates cell migration by affecting Pfn-1 and N-WASP, but not pVASP, cortactin and focal adhesions. Integrin β1 and c-Abl are important for the recruitment of Abi1 to the leading edge.
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24
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Arkorful MA, Noren Hooten N, Zhang Y, Hewitt AN, Barrientos Sanchez L, Evans MK, Dluzen DF. MicroRNA-1253 Regulation of WASF2 (WAVE2) and its Relevance to Racial Health Disparities. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E572. [PMID: 32443852 PMCID: PMC7288301 DOI: 10.3390/genes11050572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension among African Americans (AAs) in the US is among the highest of any demographic and affects over two-thirds of AA women. Previous data from our laboratory suggest substantial differential gene expression (DGE) of mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) exists within peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from AA and white women with or without hypertension. We hypothesized that DGE by race may contribute to racial differences in hypertension. In a reanalysis of our previous dataset, we found that the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein Verprolin-homologous protein 2 (WASF2 (also known as WAVE2)) is differentially expressed in AA women with hypertension, along with several other members of the actin cytoskeleton signaling pathway that plays a role in cell shape and branching of actin filaments. We performed an in silico miRNA target prediction analysis that suggested miRNA miR-1253 regulates WASF2. Transfection of miR-1253 mimics into human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) significantly repressed WASF2 mRNA and protein levels (p < 0.05), and a luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-1253 regulates the WASF2 3' UTR (p < 0.01). miR-1253 overexpression in HUVECs significantly increased HUVEC lamellipodia formation (p < 0.01), suggesting the miR-1253-WASF2 interaction may play a role in cell shape and actin cytoskeleton function. Together, we have identified novel roles for miR-1253 and WASF2 in a hypertension-related disparities context. This may ultimately lead to the discovery of additional actin-related genes which are important in the vascular-related complications of hypertension and influence the disproportionate susceptibility to hypertension among AAs in general and AA women in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy A. Arkorful
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA;
| | - Nicole Noren Hooten
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (N.N.H.); (A.N.H.); (L.B.S.); (M.K.E.)
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA;
| | - Amirah N. Hewitt
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (N.N.H.); (A.N.H.); (L.B.S.); (M.K.E.)
| | - Lori Barrientos Sanchez
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (N.N.H.); (A.N.H.); (L.B.S.); (M.K.E.)
| | - Michele K. Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (N.N.H.); (A.N.H.); (L.B.S.); (M.K.E.)
| | - Douglas F. Dluzen
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA;
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Faulkner J, Jiang P, Farris D, Walker R, Dai Z. CRISPR/CAS9-mediated knockout of Abi1 inhibits p185 Bcr-Abl-induced leukemogenesis and signal transduction to ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:34. [PMID: 32276588 PMCID: PMC7147029 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00867-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abl interactor 1 (Abi1) is a downstream target of Abl tyrosine kinases and a component of the WAVE regulatory complex (WRC) that plays an important role in regulating actin cytoskeleton remodeling and membrane receptor signaling. While studies using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) have suggested that Abi1 plays a critical role in Bcr-Abl-induced leukemogenesis, the mechanism involved is not clear. Methods In this study, we knocked out Abi1 expression in p185Bcr-Abl-transformed hematopoietic cells using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing technology. The effects of Abi1 deficiency on actin cytoskeleton remodeling, the Bcr-Abl signaling, IL-3 independent growth, and SDF-induced chemotaxis in these cells were examined by various in vitro assays. The leukemogenic activity of these cells was evaluated by a syngeneic mouse transplantation model. Results We show here that Abi1 deficiency reduced the IL3-independent growth and SDF-1α-mediated chemotaxis in p185Bcr-Abl-transformed hematopoietic cells and inhibited Bcr-Abl-induced abnormal actin remodeling. Depletion of Abi1 also impaired the Bcr-Abl signaling to the ERK and PI3 kinase/Akt pathways. Remarkably, the p185Bcr-Abl-transformed cells with Abi1 deficiency lost their ability to develop leukemia in syngeneic mice. Even though these cells developed drug tolerance in vitro after prolonged selection with imatinib as their parental cells, the imatinib-tolerant cells remain incapable of leukemogenesis in vivo. Conclusions Together, this study highlights an essential role of Abi1 in Bcr-Abl-induced leukemogenesis and provides a model system for dissecting the Abi1 signaling in Bcr-Abl-positive leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Faulkner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, 1406 Coulter St, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Peixin Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, 1406 Coulter St, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Delaney Farris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, 1406 Coulter St, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Ryan Walker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, 1406 Coulter St, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Zonghan Dai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, 1406 Coulter St, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA.
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26
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Dimchev G, Amiri B, Humphries AC, Schaks M, Dimchev V, Stradal TEB, Faix J, Krause M, Way M, Falcke M, Rottner K. Lamellipodin tunes cell migration by stabilizing protrusions and promoting adhesion formation. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs239020. [PMID: 32094266 PMCID: PMC7157940 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.239020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient migration on adhesive surfaces involves the protrusion of lamellipodial actin networks and their subsequent stabilization by nascent adhesions. The actin-binding protein lamellipodin (Lpd) is thought to play a critical role in lamellipodium protrusion, by delivering Ena/VASP proteins onto the growing plus ends of actin filaments and by interacting with the WAVE regulatory complex, an activator of the Arp2/3 complex, at the leading edge. Using B16-F1 melanoma cell lines, we demonstrate that genetic ablation of Lpd compromises protrusion efficiency and coincident cell migration without altering essential parameters of lamellipodia, including their maximal rate of forward advancement and actin polymerization. We also confirmed lamellipodia and migration phenotypes with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Lpd knockout Rat2 fibroblasts, excluding cell type-specific effects. Moreover, computer-aided analysis of cell-edge morphodynamics on B16-F1 cell lamellipodia revealed that loss of Lpd correlates with reduced temporal protrusion maintenance as a prerequisite of nascent adhesion formation. We conclude that Lpd optimizes protrusion and nascent adhesion formation by counteracting frequent, chaotic retraction and membrane ruffling.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Dimchev
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffen Strasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Behnam Amiri
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert Rössle Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ashley C Humphries
- Cellular Signalling and Cytoskeletal Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Matthias Schaks
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffen Strasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Vanessa Dimchev
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffen Strasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Theresia E B Stradal
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffen Strasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jan Faix
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Krause
- Randall Centre of Cell & Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Michael Way
- Cellular Signalling and Cytoskeletal Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Martin Falcke
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert Rössle Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffen Strasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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27
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Nikolaou S, Machesky LM. The stressful tumour environment drives plasticity of cell migration programmes, contributing to metastasis. J Pathol 2020; 250:612-623. [PMID: 32057095 PMCID: PMC7216910 DOI: 10.1002/path.5395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumours evolve to cope with environmental stresses or challenges such as nutrient starvation, depletion of survival factors, and unbalanced mechanical forces. The uncontrolled growth and aberrant deregulation of core cell homeostatic pathways induced by genetic mutations create an environment of stress. Here, we explore how the adaptations of tumours to the changing environment can drive changes in the motility machinery of cells, affecting migration, invasion, and metastasis. Tumour cells can invade individually or collectively, or they can be extruded out of the surrounding epithelium. These mechanisms are thought to be modifications of normal processes occurring during development or tissue repair. Therefore, tumours may activate these pathways in response to environmental stresses, enabling them to survive in hostile environments and spread to distant sites. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savvas Nikolaou
- Division of Cancer Metastasis and RecurrenceCRUK Beatson InstituteGlasgowUK
| | - Laura M Machesky
- Division of Cancer Metastasis and RecurrenceCRUK Beatson InstituteGlasgowUK
- Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
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Kabrawala S, Zimmer MD, Campellone KG. WHIMP links the actin nucleation machinery to Src-family kinase signaling during protrusion and motility. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008694. [PMID: 32196488 PMCID: PMC7112243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell motility is governed by cooperation between the Arp2/3 complex and nucleation-promoting factors from the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein (WASP) family, which together assemble actin filament networks to drive membrane protrusion. Here we identify WHIMP (WAVE Homology In Membrane Protrusions) as a new member of the WASP family. The Whimp gene is encoded on the X chromosome of a subset of mammals, including mice. Murine WHIMP promotes Arp2/3-dependent actin assembly, but is less potent than other nucleation factors. Nevertheless, WHIMP-mediated Arp2/3 activation enhances both plasma membrane ruffling and wound healing migration, whereas WHIMP depletion impairs protrusion and slows motility. WHIMP expression also increases Src-family kinase activity, and WHIMP-induced ruffles contain the additional nucleation-promoting factors WAVE1, WAVE2, and N-WASP, but not JMY or WASH. Perturbing the function of Src-family kinases, WAVE proteins, or Arp2/3 complex inhibits WHIMP-driven ruffling. These results suggest that WHIMP-associated actin assembly plays a direct role in membrane protrusion, but also results in feedback control of tyrosine kinase signaling to modulate the activation of multiple WASP-family members. The actin cytoskeleton is a collection of protein polymers that assemble and disassemble within cells at specific times and locations. Sophisticated cytoskeletal regulators called nucleation-promoting factors ensure that actin polymerizes when and where it is needed, and many of these factors are members of the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein (WASP) family. Several of the 8 known WASP-family proteins function in cell motility, but how the different factors collaborate with one another is not well understood. In this study, we identified WHIMP, a new WASP-family member that is encoded on the X chromosome of a variety of mammals. In mouse cells, WHIMP enhances cell motility by assembling actin filaments that push the plasma membrane forward. Unexpectedly, WHIMP also activates tyrosine kinases, enzymes that stimulate multiple WASP-family members during motility. Our results open new avenues of research into how nucleation factors cooperate during movement and how the molecular activities that underlie motility differ in distinct cell types and organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shail Kabrawala
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Margaret D. Zimmer
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Kenneth G. Campellone
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Gao J, Ma F, Wang X, Li G. Combination of dihydroartemisinin and resveratrol effectively inhibits cancer cell migrationviaregulation of the DLC1/TCTP/Cdc42 pathway. Food Funct 2020; 11:9573-9584. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00996b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mechanism of DHA combined with RES in inhibition of cancer cell migration by DLC1/TCTP/Cdc42 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Fengqiu Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Xingjie Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Guorong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan
- China
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30
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Jiang H, Leung C, Tahan S, Wang D. Entry by multiple picornaviruses is dependent on a pathway that includes TNK2, WASL, and NCK1. eLife 2019; 8:50276. [PMID: 31769754 PMCID: PMC6904212 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive knowledge of the host factors required for picornavirus infection would facilitate antiviral development. Here we demonstrate roles for three human genes, TNK2, WASL, and NCK1, in infection by multiple picornaviruses. CRISPR deletion of TNK2, WASL, or NCK1 reduced encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), poliovirus and enterovirus D68 infection, and chemical inhibitors of TNK2 and WASL decreased EMCV infection. Reduced EMCV lethality was observed in mice lacking TNK2. TNK2, WASL, and NCK1 were important in early stages of the viral lifecycle, and genetic epistasis analysis demonstrated that the three genes function in a common pathway. Mechanistically, reduced internalization of EMCV was observed in TNK2 deficient cells demonstrating that TNK2 functions in EMCV entry. Domain analysis of WASL demonstrated that its actin nucleation activity was necessary to facilitate viral infection. Together, these data support a model wherein TNK2, WASL, and NCK1 comprise a pathway important for multiple picornaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbing Jiang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, United States
| | - Christian Leung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, United States
| | - Stephen Tahan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, United States
| | - David Wang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, United States
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Palamidessi A, Malinverno C, Frittoli E, Corallino S, Barbieri E, Sigismund S, Beznoussenko GV, Martini E, Garre M, Ferrara I, Tripodo C, Ascione F, Cavalcanti-Adam EA, Li Q, Di Fiore PP, Parazzoli D, Giavazzi F, Cerbino R, Scita G. Unjamming overcomes kinetic and proliferation arrest in terminally differentiated cells and promotes collective motility of carcinoma. Nat Mater 2019; 18:1252-1263. [PMID: 31332337 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0425-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
During wound repair, branching morphogenesis and carcinoma dissemination, cellular rearrangements are fostered by a solid-to-liquid transition, known as unjamming. The biomolecular machinery behind unjamming and its pathophysiological relevance remain, however, unclear. Here, we study unjamming in a variety of normal and tumorigenic epithelial two-dimensional (2D) and 3D collectives. Biologically, the increased level of the small GTPase RAB5A sparks unjamming by promoting non-clathrin-dependent internalization of epidermal growth factor receptor that leads to hyperactivation of the kinase ERK1/2 and phosphorylation of the actin nucleator WAVE2. This cascade triggers collective motility effects with striking biophysical consequences. Specifically, unjamming in tumour spheroids is accompanied by persistent and coordinated rotations that progressively remodel the extracellular matrix, while simultaneously fluidizing cells at the periphery. This concurrent action results in collective invasion, supporting the concept that the endo-ERK1/2 pathway is a physicochemical switch to initiate collective invasion and dissemination of otherwise jammed carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Malinverno
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.
- University of Milan, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | | | - Sara Sigismund
- University of Milan, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Ines Ferrara
- Department of Health Sciences, Human Pathology Section, University of Palermo School of Medicine, Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Human Pathology Section, University of Palermo School of Medicine, Palermo, Italy
| | - Flora Ascione
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Qingsen Li
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- University of Milan, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Parazzoli
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Giavazzi
- University of Milan, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Segrate, Italy.
| | - Roberto Cerbino
- University of Milan, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Segrate, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Scita
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.
- University of Milan, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Milan, Italy.
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32
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Cohen J, Raviv S, Adir O, Padmanabhan K, Soffer A, Luxenburg C. The Wave complex controls epidermal morphogenesis and proliferation by suppressing Wnt-Sox9 signaling. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:1390-1406. [PMID: 30867227 PMCID: PMC6446834 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201807216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wave complex promotes Arp2/3-mediated actin polymerization. Cohen et al. show that Wave complex activity regulates epidermal shape and growth. Without Wave complex activity, F-actin content is down-regulated and ectopic activity of the Wnt/β-catenin–SOX9 pathway is triggered. This activity induces epidermal hyperproliferation and disrupts tissue architecture. Development of the skin epidermis requires tight spatiotemporal control over the activity of several signaling pathways; however, the mechanisms that orchestrate these events remain poorly understood. Here, we identify a key role for the Wave complex proteins ABI1 and Wave2 in regulating signals that control epidermal shape and growth. In utero RNAi-mediated silencing of Abi1 or Wasf2 induced cellular hyperproliferation and defects in architecture of the interfollicular epidermis (IFE) and delayed hair follicle growth. Unexpectedly, SOX9, a hair follicle growth regulator, was aberrantly expressed throughout the IFE of the mutant embryos, and its forced overexpression mimicked the Wave complex loss-of-function phenotype. Moreover, Wnt signaling, which regulates SOX9+ cell specification, was up-regulated in Wave complex loss-of-function IFE. Importantly, we show that the Wave complex regulates filamentous actin content and that a decrease in actin levels is sufficient to elevate Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our results identify a novel role for Wave complex– and actin-regulated signaling via Wnt and SOX9 in skin development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Cohen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shaul Raviv
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orit Adir
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Krishnanand Padmanabhan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Arad Soffer
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chen Luxenburg
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Kim N, Kim S, Nahm M, Kopke D, Kim J, Cho E, Lee MJ, Lee M, Kim SH, Broadie K, Lee S. BMP-dependent synaptic development requires Abi-Abl-Rac signaling of BMP receptor macropinocytosis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:684. [PMID: 30737382 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08533-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Retrograde BMP trans-synaptic signaling is essential for synaptic development. Despite the importance of endocytosis-regulated BMP receptor (BMPR) control of this developmental signaling, the mechanism remains unknown. Here, we provide evidence that Abelson interactor (Abi), a substrate for Abl kinase and component of the SCAR/WAVE complex, links Abl and Rac1 GTPase signaling to BMPR macropinocytosis to restrain BMP-mediated synaptic development. We find that Abi acts downstream of Abl and Rac1, and that BMP ligand Glass bottom boat (Gbb) induces macropinocytosis dependent on Rac1/SCAR signaling, Abl-mediated Abi phosphorylation, and BMPR activation. Macropinocytosis acts as the major internalization route for BMPRs at the synapse in a process driven by Gbb activation and resulting in receptor degradation. Key regulators of macropinocytosis (Rabankyrin and CtBP) control BMPR trafficking to limit BMP trans-synaptic signaling. We conclude that BMP-induced macropinocytosis acts as a BMPR homeostatic mechanism to regulate BMP-mediated synaptic development. BMP ligands act as retrograde signalling molecules to regulate presynaptic development, and regulation of BMP receptors by endocytosis may be an important component of this signalling pathway. Here, the authors show that Abi-mediated macropinocytosis of BMP receptors in Drosophila larva and contributes to neuromuscular development.
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de Beco S, Vaidžiulytė K, Manzi J, Dalier F, di Federico F, Cornilleau G, Dahan M, Coppey M. Optogenetic dissection of Rac1 and Cdc42 gradient shaping. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4816. [PMID: 30446664 PMCID: PMC6240110 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07286-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During cell migration, Rho GTPases spontaneously form spatial gradients that define the front and back of cells. At the front, active Cdc42 forms a steep gradient whereas active Rac1 forms a more extended pattern peaking a few microns away. What are the mechanisms shaping these gradients, and what is the functional role of the shape of these gradients? Here we report, using a combination of optogenetics and micropatterning, that Cdc42 and Rac1 gradients are set by spatial patterns of activators and deactivators and not directly by transport mechanisms. Cdc42 simply follows the distribution of Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factors, whereas Rac1 shaping requires the activity of a GTPase-Activating Protein, β2-chimaerin, which is sharply localized at the tip of the cell through feedbacks from Cdc42 and Rac1. Functionally, the spatial extent of Rho GTPases gradients governs cell migration, a sharp Cdc42 gradient maximizes directionality while an extended Rac1 gradient controls the speed. A steep gradient of Cdc42 is at the front of migrating cells, whereas the active Rac1 gradient is graded. Here the authors show that Cdc42 gradients follow the distribution of GEFs and govern direction of migration, while Rac1 gradients require the activity of the GAP β2-chimaerin and control cell speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S de Beco
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - K Vaidžiulytė
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - J Manzi
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - F Dalier
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, CNRS UMR 8640, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
| | - F di Federico
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - G Cornilleau
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - M Dahan
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - M Coppey
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France.
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Rak MA, Buehler J, Zeltzer S, Reitsma J, Molina B, Terhune S, Goodrum F. Human Cytomegalovirus UL135 Interacts with Host Adaptor Proteins To Regulate Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Reactivation from Latency. J Virol 2018; 92:e00919-18. [PMID: 30089695 PMCID: PMC6158428 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00919-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus, HCMV, is a betaherpesvirus that establishes a lifelong latent infection in its host that is marked by recurrent episodes of reactivation. The molecular mechanisms by which the virus and host regulate entry into and exit from latency remain poorly understood. We have previously reported that UL135 is critical for reactivation, functioning in part by overcoming suppressive effects of the latency determinant UL138 We have demonstrated a role for UL135 in diminishing cell surface levels and targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) for turnover. The attenuation of EGFR signaling promotes HCMV reactivation in combination with cellular differentiation. In this study, we sought to define the mechanisms by which UL135 functions in regulating EGFR turnover and viral reactivation. Screens to identify proteins interacting with pUL135 identified two host adaptor proteins, CIN85 and Abi-1, with overlapping activities in regulating EGFR levels in the cell. We mapped the amino acids in pUL135 necessary for interaction with Abi-1 and CIN85 and generated recombinant viruses expressing variants of pUL135 that do not interact with CIN85 or Abi-1. These recombinant viruses replicate in fibroblasts but are defective for reactivation in an experimental model for latency using primary CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). These UL135 variants have altered trafficking of EGFR and are defective in targeting EGFR for turnover. These studies demonstrate a requirement for pUL135 interactions with Abi-1 and CIN85 for regulation of EGFR and mechanistically link the regulation of EGFR to reactivation.IMPORTANCE Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) establishes a lifelong latent infection in the human host. While the infection is typically asymptomatic in healthy individuals, HCMV infection poses life-threatening disease risk in immunocompromised individuals and is the leading cause of birth defects. Understanding how HCMV controls the lifelong latent infection and reactivation of replication from latency is critical to developing strategies to control HCMV disease. Here, we identify the host factors targeted by a viral protein that is required for reactivation. We define the importance of this virus-host interaction in reactivation from latency, providing new insights into the molecular underpinnings of HCMV latency and reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Rak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jason Buehler
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Sebastian Zeltzer
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Justin Reitsma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Belen Molina
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Scott Terhune
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Felicia Goodrum
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- University of Arizona Center on Aging, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Steinestel K. [Regulator proteins of actin dynamics as possible targets of antineoplastic therapies]. Pathologe 2018; 39:225-30. [PMID: 30229281 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-018-0495-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability of tumor cells to leave the primary tumor is prerequisite for metastatic spread. In previous studies, we identified regulator proteins of actin reorganization with essential functions in both synaptogenesis and tumor cell migration. OBJECTIVE The aim of the studies summarized in this article is to identify signaling pathways associated with actin-related proteins that might represent potential molecular targets for antiinvasive and/or antineoplastic therapies. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used immunohistochemical analyses of protein expression as well as in vitro techniques (cell culture, fluorescence microscopy, RNAi-based knockdown of protein expression, protein biochemistry and in vivo animal experiment substitutes). RESULTS We show that phosphorylation of Abelson interactor 1 (Abi1) is essential for the adhesion and invasion of colorectal carcinoma cells and might be targeted by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571/Glivec®. HnRNP K, a protein interaction partner of Abi1, is upregulated in malignant melanoma in response to ionizing radiation; this upregulation is impaired upon application of the MEK inhibitor PD98059, enhancing radiosensivity of melanoma. Edelfosin, an alkyl-lipid blocker of the Abi1 interaction partner SK3, inhibits invasion of urothelial carcinoma cells. CONCLUSION The studies summarized in this overview confirm a central role for the investigated proteins in tumor cell invasion and resistance to antineoplastic therapies and identify possible molecular targets for novel therapeutic compounds.
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Chorzalska A, Morgan J, Ahsan N, Treaba DO, Olszewski AJ, Petersen M, Kingston N, Cheng Y, Lombardo K, Schorl C, Yu X, Zini R, Pacilli A, Tepper A, Coburn J, Hryniewicz-Jankowska A, Zhao TC, Oancea E, Reagan JL, Liang O, Kotula L, Quesenberry PJ, Gruppuso PA, Manfredini R, Vannucchi AM, Dubielecka PM. Bone marrow-specific loss of ABI1 induces myeloproliferative neoplasm with features resembling human myelofibrosis. Blood 2018; 132:2053-66. [PMID: 30213875 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-05-848408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the pathogenesis of primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and other myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) is linked to constitutive activation of the JAK-STAT pathway, JAK inhibitors have neither curative nor MPN-stem cell-eradicating potential, indicating that other targetable mechanisms are contributing to the pathophysiology of MPNs. We previously demonstrated that Abelson interactor 1 (Abi-1), a negative regulator of Abelson kinase 1, functions as a tumor suppressor. Here we present data showing that bone marrow-specific deletion of Abi1 in a novel mouse model leads to development of an MPN-like phenotype resembling human PMF. Abi1 loss resulted in a significant increase in the activity of the Src family kinases (SFKs), STAT3, and NF-κB signaling. We also observed impairment of hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and fitness, as evidenced in noncompetitive and competitive bone marrow transplant experiments. CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors and granulocytes from patients with PMF showed decreased levels of ABI1 transcript as well as increased activity of SFKs, STAT3, and NF-κB. In aggregate, our data link the loss of Abi-1 function to hyperactive SFKs/STAT3/NF-κB signaling and suggest that this signaling axis may represent a regulatory module involved in the molecular pathophysiology of PMF.
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Liu X, Peng H, Liao W, Luo A, Cai M, He J, Zhang X, Luo Z, Jiang H, Xu L. MiR-181a/b induce the growth, invasion, and metastasis of neuroblastoma cells through targeting ABI1. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:1237-1250. [PMID: 29802737 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a pediatric malignancy, and the clinical phenotypes range from localized tumors with excellent outcomes to widely metastatic disease in which long-term survival is approximately 40%, despite intensive therapy. Emerging evidence suggests that aberrant miRNA regulation plays a role in neuroblastoma, but the miRNA functions and mechanisms remain unknown. miR-181 family members were detected in 32 neuroblastoma patients, and the effects of miR-181a/b on cell viability, invasion, and migration were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. A parallel global mRNA expression profile was obtained for neuroblastoma cells overexpressing miR-181a. The potential targets of miR-181a/b were validated. miR-181a/b expression levels were positively associated with MYCN amplification and neuroblastoma aggressiveness. Moreover, ectopic miR-181a/b expression significantly induced the growth and invasion of neuroblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Microarray analysis revealed that mRNAs were consistently downregulated after miR-181a overexpression, leading to cell migration. In addition, the expression of ABI1 was suppressed by miR-181a/b, and ABI1 was validated as a direct target of miR-181a/b. We concluded that miR-181a/b were significantly upregulated in aggressive neuroblastoma, which enhanced its tumorigenesis and progression by suppressing the expression of ABI1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Liu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Peng
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wang Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Foshan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Ailing Luo
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mansi Cai
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Luo
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Abstract
Lamellipodia and ruffles are veil-shaped cell protrusions composed of a highly branched actin filament meshwork assembled by the Arp2/3 complex. These structures not only hallmark the leading edge of cells adopting the adhesion-based mesenchymal mode of migration but are also thought to drive cell movement. Although regarded as textbook knowledge, the mechanism of formation of lamellipodia and ruffles has been revisited in the last years leveraging new technologies. Furthermore, recent observations have also challenged our current view of the function of lamellipodia and ruffles in mesenchymal cell migration. Here, I review this literature and compare it with older studies to highlight the controversies and the outstanding open issues in the field. Moreover, I outline simple and plausible explanations to reconcile conflicting results and conclusions. Finally, I integrate the mechanisms regulating actin-based protrusion in a unifying model that accounts for random and ballistic mesenchymal cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metello Innocenti
- a Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute , Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam , CX , The Netherlands
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40
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van der Kammen R, Song JY, de Rink I, Janssen H, Madonna S, Scarponi C, Albanesi C, Brugman W, Innocenti M. Knockout of the Arp2/3 complex in epidermis causes a psoriasis-like disease hallmarked by hyperactivation of transcription factor Nrf2. Development 2017; 144:4588-4603. [PMID: 29113991 DOI: 10.1242/dev.156323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The Arp2/3 complex assembles branched actin filaments, which are key to many cellular processes, but its organismal roles remain poorly understood. Here, we employed conditional Arpc4 knockout mice to study the function of the Arp2/3 complex in the epidermis. We found that depletion of the Arp2/3 complex by knockout of Arpc4 results in skin abnormalities at birth that evolve into a severe psoriasis-like disease hallmarked by hyperactivation of transcription factor Nrf2. Knockout of Arpc4 in cultured keratinocytes was sufficient to induce nuclear accumulation of Nrf2, upregulation of Nrf2 target genes and decreased filamentous actin levels. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex unmasked the role of branched actin filaments in Nrf2 regulation. Consistent with this, we revealed that Nrf2 associates with the actin cytoskeleton in cells and binds to filamentous actin in vitro Finally, we discovered that Arpc4 is downregulated in both human and mouse psoriatic epidermis. Thus, the Arp2/3 complex affects keratinocyte shape and transcriptome through an actin-based cell-autonomous mechanism that influences epidermal morphogenesis and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob van der Kammen
- Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Ji-Ying Song
- Department of Experimental Animal Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris de Rink
- Genomics Core Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Janssen
- Division of Cell Biology II, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Stefania Madonna
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Fondazione Luigi Maria Monti - Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI) - IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Scarponi
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Fondazione Luigi Maria Monti - Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI) - IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Albanesi
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Fondazione Luigi Maria Monti - Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI) - IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Wim Brugman
- Genomics Core Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Metello Innocenti
- Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands
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Pandey A, Yadav V, Sharma A, Khurana JP, Pandey GK. The unc-53 gene negatively regulates rac GTPases to inhibit unc-5 activity during Distal tip cell migrations in C. elegans. Cell Adh Migr 2017; 12:195-203. [PMID: 28678595 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2017.1345413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The unc-53/NAV2 gene encodes for an adaptor protein required for cell migrations along the anteroposterior (AP) axes of C. elegans. This study identifies unc-53 as a novel component of signaling pathways regulating Distal tip cell (DTC) migrations along the AP and dorsoventral (DV) axes. unc-53 negatively regulates and functions downstream of ced-10/Rac pathway genes; ced-10/Rac and mig-2/RhoG, which are required for proper DTC migration. Moreover, unc-53 exhibits genetic interaction with abl-1 and unc-5, the 2 known negative regulators of ced-10/Rac signaling. Our genetic analysis supports the model, where abl-1 negatively regulates unc-53 during DTC migrations and requirement of unc-53 function during both AP and DV DTC migrations could be due to unc-53 mediated regulation of unc-5 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita Pandey
- a Department of Plant Molecular Biology , University of Delhi South Campus , New Delhi , India
| | - Vipul Yadav
- b Department of Genetics , University of Delhi South Campus , New Delhi , India
| | - Aditi Sharma
- a Department of Plant Molecular Biology , University of Delhi South Campus , New Delhi , India
| | - Jitendra P Khurana
- a Department of Plant Molecular Biology , University of Delhi South Campus , New Delhi , India
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- a Department of Plant Molecular Biology , University of Delhi South Campus , New Delhi , India
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Abstract
Smooth muscle contraction requires both myosin activation and actin cytoskeletal remodeling. Actin cytoskeletal reorganization facilitates smooth muscle contraction by promoting force transmission between the contractile unit and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and by enhancing intercellular mechanical transduction. Myosin may be viewed to serve as an "engine" for smooth muscle contraction whereas the actin cytoskeleton may function as a "transmission system" in smooth muscle. The actin cytoskeleton in smooth muscle also undergoes restructuring upon activation with growth factors or the ECM, which controls smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Abnormal smooth muscle contraction, cell proliferation, and motility contribute to the development of vascular and pulmonary diseases. A number of actin-regulatory proteins including protein kinases have been discovered to orchestrate actin dynamics in smooth muscle. In particular, Abelson tyrosine kinase (c-Abl) is an important molecule that controls actin dynamics, contraction, growth, and motility in smooth muscle. Moreover, c-Abl coordinates the regulation of blood pressure and contributes to the pathogenesis of airway hyperresponsiveness and vascular/airway remodeling in vivo. Thus, c-Abl may be a novel pharmacological target for the development of new therapy to treat smooth muscle diseases such as hypertension and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale D Tang
- Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States.
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Abstract
Phagocytosis, the regulated uptake of large particles (>0.5 μm in diameter), is essential for tissue homeostasis and is also an early, critical component of the innate immune response. Phagocytosis can be conceptually divided into three stages: phagosome, formation, maturation, and resolution. Each of these involves multiple reactions that require exquisite spatial and temporal orchestration. The molecular events underlying these stages are being unraveled and the current state of knowledge is briefly summarized in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roni Levin
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sergio Grinstein
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Johnathan Canton
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Leyton-Puig D, Isogai T, Argenzio E, van den Broek B, Klarenbeek J, Janssen H, Jalink K, Innocenti M. Flat clathrin lattices are dynamic actin-controlled hubs for clathrin-mediated endocytosis and signalling of specific receptors. Nat Commun 2017; 8:16068. [PMID: 28703125 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms16068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Clathrin lattices at the plasma membrane coat both invaginated and flat regions forming clathrin-coated pits and clathrin plaques, respectively. The function and regulation of clathrin-coated pits in endocytosis are well understood but clathrin plaques remain enigmatic nanodomains. Here we use super-resolution microscopy, molecular genetics and cell biology to show that clathrin plaques contain the machinery for clathrin-mediated endocytosis and cell adhesion, and associate with both clathrin-coated pits and filamentous actin. We also find that actin polymerization promoted by N-WASP through the Arp2/3 complex is crucial for the regulation of plaques but not pits. Clathrin plaques oppose cell migration and undergo actin- and N-WASP-dependent disassembly upon activation of LPA receptor 1, but not EGF receptor. Most importantly, plaque disassembly correlates with the endocytosis of LPA receptor 1 and down-modulation of AKT activity. Thus, clathrin plaques serve as dynamic actin-controlled hubs for clathrin-mediated endocytosis and signalling that exhibit receptor specificity.
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Zhu Z, Chai Y, Jiang Y, Li W, Hu H, Li W, Wu JW, Wang ZX, Huang S, Ou G. Functional Coordination of WAVE and WASP in C. elegans Neuroblast Migration. Dev Cell 2017; 39:224-238. [PMID: 27780040 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Directional cell migration is critical for metazoan development. We define two molecular pathways that activate the Arp2/3 complex during neuroblast migration in Caenorhabditis elegans. The transmembrane protein MIG-13/Lrp12 is linked to the Arp2/3 nucleation-promoting factors WAVE or WASP through direct interactions with ABL-1 or SEM-5/Grb2, respectively. WAVE mutations partially impaired F-actin organization and decelerated cell migration, and WASP mutations did not inhibit cell migration but enhanced migration defects in WAVE-deficient cells. Purified SEM-5 and MIG-2 synergistically stimulated the F-actin branching activity of WASP-Arp2/3 in vitro. In GFP knockin animals, WAVE and WASP were largely organized into separate clusters at the leading edge, and the amount of WASP was less than WAVE but could be elevated by WAVE mutations. Our results indicate that the MIG-13-WAVE pathway provides the major force for directional cell motility, whereas MIG-13-WASP partially compensates for its loss, underscoring their coordinated activities in facilitating robust cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Zhu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yongping Chai
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuxiang Jiang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huifang Hu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jia-Wei Wu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Wang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shanjin Huang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangshuo Ou
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Jain N, Kalailingam P, Tan KW, Tan HB, Sng MK, Chan JSK, Tan NS, Thanabalu T. Conditional knockout of N-WASP in mouse fibroblast caused keratinocyte hyper proliferation and enhanced wound closure. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38109. [PMID: 27909303 PMCID: PMC5133560 DOI: 10.1038/srep38109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural-Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome Protein (N-WASP) is expressed ubiquitously, regulates actin polymerization and is essential during mouse development. We have previously shown that N-WASP is critical for cell-ECM adhesion in fibroblasts. To characterize the role of N-WASP in fibroblast for skin development, we generated a conditional knockout mouse model in which fibroblast N-WASP was ablated using the Cre recombinase driven by Fibroblast Specific Protein promoter (Fsp-Cre). N-WASPFKO (N-WASPfl/fl; Fsp-cre) were born following Mendelian genetics, survived without any visible abnormalities for more than 1 year and were sexually reproductive, suggesting that expression of N-WASP in fibroblast is not critical for survival under laboratory conditions. Histological sections of N-WASPFKO mice skin (13 weeks old) showed thicker epidermis with higher percentage of cells staining for proliferation marker (PCNA), suggesting that N-WASP deficient fibroblasts promote keratinocyte proliferation. N-WASPFKO mice skin had elevated collagen content, elevated expression of FGF7 (keratinocyte growth factor) and TGFβ signaling proteins. Wound healing was faster in N-WASPFKO mice compared to control mice and N-WASP deficient fibroblasts were found to have enhanced collagen gel contraction properties. These results suggest that N-WASP deficiency in fibroblasts improves wound healing by growth factor-mediated enhancement of keratinocyte proliferation and increased wound contraction in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Jain
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Pazhanichamy Kalailingam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kai Wei Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hui Bing Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ming Keat Sng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jeremy Soon Kiat Chan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Agency for Science Technology &Research, 138673, Singapore.,KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, 229899, Singapore
| | - Thirumaran Thanabalu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
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47
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Junemann A, Filić V, Winterhoff M, Nordholz B, Litschko C, Schwellenbach H, Stephan T, Weber I, Faix J. A Diaphanous-related formin links Ras signaling directly to actin assembly in macropinocytosis and phagocytosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E7464-73. [PMID: 27821733 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1611024113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis and macropinocytosis are Ras-regulated and actin-driven processes that depend on the dynamic rearrangements of the plasma membrane that protrudes and internalizes extracellular material by cup-shaped structures. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying actin assembly in large-scale endocytosis remain elusive. Here, we show that the Diaphanous-related formin G (ForG) from the professional phagocyte Dictyostelium discoideum localizes to endocytic cups. Biochemical analyses revealed that ForG is a rather weak nucleator but efficiently elongates actin filaments in the presence of profilin. Notably, genetic inactivation of ForG is associated with a strongly impaired endocytosis and a markedly diminished F-actin content at the base of the cups. By contrast, ablation of the Arp2/3 (actin-related protein-2/3) complex activator SCAR (suppressor of cAMP receptor) diminishes F-actin mainly at the cup rim, being consistent with its known localization. These data therefore suggest that ForG acts as an actin polymerase of Arp2/3-nucleated filaments to allow for efficient membrane expansion and engulfment of extracellular material. Finally, we show that ForG is directly regulated in large-scale endocytosis by RasB and RasG, which are highly related to the human proto-oncogene KRas.
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Abstract
Macropinocytosis has long been known as a primary method for cellular intake of fluid-phase and membrane-bound bulk cargo. This review seeks to re-examine the latest studies to emphasize how cancers exploit macropinocytosis to further their tumorigenesis, including details in how macropinocytosis can be adapted to serve diverse functions. Furthermore, this review will also cover the latest endeavors in targeting macropinocytosis as an avenue for novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Ha
- Department of Anesthesia, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scott M Bidlingmaier
- Department of Anesthesia, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Anesthesia, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, CA, USA
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Xu C, Fu X, Zhu S, Liu JJ. Retrolinkin recruits the WAVE1 protein complex to facilitate BDNF-induced TrkB endocytosis and dendrite outgrowth. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:3342-3356. [PMID: 27605705 PMCID: PMC5170866 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-05-0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retrolinkin, a neuronal membrane protein, coordinates with endophilin A1 and mediates early endocytic trafficking and signal transduction of the ligand-receptor complex formed between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor, tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), in dendrites of CNS neurons. Here we report that retrolinkin interacts with the CYFIP1/2 subunit of the WAVE1 complex, a member of the WASP/WAVE family of nucleation-promoting factors that binds and activates the Arp2/3 complex to promote branched actin polymerization. WAVE1, not N-WASP, is required for BDNF-induced TrkB endocytosis and dendrite outgrowth. Disruption of the interaction between retrolinkin and CYFIP1/2 impairs recruitment of WAVE1 to neuronal plasma membrane upon BDNF addition and blocks internalization of activated TrkB. We also show that WAVE1-mediated endocytosis of BDNF-activated TrkB is actin dependent and clathrin independent. These results not only reveal the mechanistic role of retrolinkin in BDNF-TrkB endocytosis, but also indicate that WASP/WAVE-dependent actin polymerization during endocytosis is regulated by cell type-specific and cargo-specific modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Xiuping Fu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Shaoxia Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jia-Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China .,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Leyton-Puig D, Kedziora KM, Isogai T, van den Broek B, Jalink K, Innocenti M. PFA fixation enables artifact-free super-resolution imaging of the actin cytoskeleton and associated proteins. Biol Open 2016; 5:1001-9. [PMID: 27378434 PMCID: PMC4958280 DOI: 10.1242/bio.019570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Super-resolution microscopy (SRM) allows precise localization of proteins in cellular organelles and structures, including the actin cytoskeleton. Yet sample preparation protocols for SRM are rather anecdotal and still being optimized. Thus, SRM-based imaging of the actin cytoskeleton and associated proteins often remains challenging and poorly reproducible. Here, we show that proper paraformaldehyde (PFA)-based sample preparation preserves the architecture of the actin cytoskeleton almost as faithfully as gold-standard glutaraldehyde fixation. We show that this fixation is essential for proper immuno-based localization of actin-binding and actin-regulatory proteins involved in the formation of lamellipodia and ruffles, such as mDia1, WAVE2 and clathrin heavy chain, and provide detailed guidelines for the execution of our method. In summary, proper PFA-based sample preparation increases the multi-color possibilities and the reproducibility of SRM of the actin cytoskeleton and its associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Leyton-Puig
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Katarzyna M Kedziora
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Tadamoto Isogai
- Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Bram van den Broek
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Kees Jalink
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Metello Innocenti
- Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
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