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Yang D, Hu Y, Yang J, Tao L, Su Y, Wu Y, Yao Y, Wang S, Ye S, Xu T. Research Progress on the Correlation between Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 389:163-173. [PMID: 38453527 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant pathologic type of primary liver cancer. It is a malignant tumor of liver epithelial cells. There are many ways to treat HCC, but the survival rate for HCC patients remains low. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms by which HCC occurs and develops is critical to explore new therapeutic targets. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is an important player in the redox reaction of ethanol with endogenous aldehyde products released by lipid peroxidation. Increasing evidence suggests that ALDH2 is a crucial regulator of human tumor development, including HCC. Therefore, clarifying the relationship between ALDH2 and HCC is helpful for formulating rational treatment strategies. This review highlights the regulatory roles of ALDH2 in the development of HCC, elucidates the multiple potential mechanisms by which ALDH2 regulates the development of HCC, and summarizes the progress of research on ALDH2 gene polymorphisms and HCC susceptibility. Meanwhile, we envision viable strategies for targeting ALDH2 in the treatment of HCC SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Numerous studies have aimed to explore novel therapeutic targets for HCC, and ALDH2 has been reported to be a critical regulator of HCC progression. This review discusses the functions, molecular mechanisms, and clinical significance of ALDH2 in the development of HCC and examines the prospects of ALDH2-based therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dashuai Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Ying Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Junfa Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Liangsong Tao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Yue Su
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Yincui Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Yan Yao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Shuxian Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Sheng Ye
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Tao Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
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Kojak N, Kuno J, Fittipaldi KE, Khan A, Wenger D, Glasser M, Donnianni RA, Tang Y, Zhang J, Huling K, Ally R, Mujica AO, Turner T, Magardino G, Huang PY, Kerk SY, Droguett G, Prissette M, Rojas J, Gomez T, Gagliardi A, Hunt C, Rabinowitz JS, Gong G, Poueymirou W, Chiao E, Zambrowicz B, Siao CJ, Kajimura D. Somatic and intergenerational G4C2 hexanucleotide repeat instability in a human C9orf72 knock-in mouse model. Nucleic Acids Res 2024:gkae250. [PMID: 38597682 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Expansion of a G4C2 repeat in the C9orf72 gene is associated with familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD). To investigate the underlying mechanisms of repeat instability, which occurs both somatically and intergenerationally, we created a novel mouse model of familial ALS/FTD that harbors 96 copies of G4C2 repeats at a humanized C9orf72 locus. In mouse embryonic stem cells, we observed two modes of repeat expansion. First, we noted minor increases in repeat length per expansion event, which was dependent on a mismatch repair pathway protein Msh2. Second, we found major increases in repeat length per event when a DNA double- or single-strand break (DSB/SSB) was artificially introduced proximal to the repeats, and which was dependent on the homology-directed repair (HDR) pathway. In mice, the first mode primarily drove somatic repeat expansion. Major changes in repeat length, including expansion, were observed when SSB was introduced in one-cell embryos, or intergenerationally without DSB/SSB introduction if G4C2 repeats exceeded 400 copies, although spontaneous HDR-mediated expansion has yet to be identified. These findings provide a novel strategy to model repeat expansion in a non-human genome and offer insights into the mechanism behind C9orf72 G4C2 repeat instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Kojak
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Junko Kuno
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | | | | | - David Wenger
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | | | | | - Yajun Tang
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Jade Zhang
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Katie Huling
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Roxanne Ally
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | | | | | | | - Pei Yi Huang
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Sze Yen Kerk
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | | | | | - Jose Rojas
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Guochun Gong
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | | | - Eric Chiao
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
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Zhao B, Li J, Sinha S, Qin Z, Kou SH, Xiao F, Lei H, Chen T, Cao W, Ding X, Wang SM. Pathogenic variants in human DNA damage repair genes mostly arose in recent human history. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:415. [PMID: 38575974 PMCID: PMC10993466 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12160-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome stability is maintained by the DNA damage repair (DDR) system composed of multiple DNA repair pathways of hundreds of genes. Germline pathogenic variation (PV) in DDR genes damages function of the affected DDR genes, leading to genome instability and high risk of diseases, in particular, cancer. Knowing evolutionary origin of the PVs in human DDR genes is essential to understand the etiology of human diseases. However, answer to the issue remains largely elusive. In this study, we analyzed evolutionary origin for the PVs in human DDR genes. METHODS We identified 169 DDR genes by referring to various databases and identified PVs in the DDR genes of modern humans from ClinVar database. We performed a phylogenetic analysis to analyze the conservation of human DDR PVs in 100 vertebrates through cross-species genomic data comparison using the phyloFit program of the PHAST package and visualized the results using the GraphPad Prism software and the ggplot module. We identified DDR PVs from over 5000 ancient humans developed a database to host the DDR PVs ( https://genemutation.fhs.um.edu.mo/dbDDR-AncientHumans ). Using the PV data, we performed a molecular archeological analysis to compare the DDR PVs between modern humans and ancient humans. We analyzed evolution selection of DDR genes across 20 vertebrates using the CodeML in PAML for phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS Our phylogenic analysis ruled out cross-species conservation as the origin of human DDR PVs. Our archeological approach identified rich DDR PVs shared between modern and ancient humans, which were mostly dated within the last 5000 years. We also observed similar pattern of quantitative PV distribution between modern and ancient humans. We further detected a set of ATM, BRCA2 and CHEK2 PVs shared between human and Neanderthals. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that human DDR PVs mostly arose in recent human history. We propose that human high cancer risk caused by DDR PVs can be a by-product of human evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojin Zhao
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Jiaheng Li
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Siddharth Sinha
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Zixin Qin
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Si Hoi Kou
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Fengxia Xiao
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Huijun Lei
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Tianhui Chen
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Wenming Cao
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xiaofan Ding
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - San Ming Wang
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China.
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Huang Z, Zhuang Y, Li W, Ma M, Lei F, Qu Y, Li J, Luo H, Li C, Lu L, Ma L, Zhang X, Kou X, Jiang L, Mao X, Shi S. Apoptotic vesicles are required to repair DNA damage and suppress premature cellular senescence. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12428. [PMID: 38581089 PMCID: PMC10997816 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
It is well known that DNA damage can cause apoptosis. However, whether apoptosis and its metabolites contribute to DNA repair is largely unknown. In this study, we found that apoptosis-deficient Fasmut and Bim- /- mice show significantly elevated DNA damage and premature cellular senescence, along with a significantly reduced number of 16,000 g apoptotic vesicles (apoVs). Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived 16,000 g apoVs rescued the DNA damage and premature senescence in Fasmut and Bim-/- mice. Moreover, a sublethal dose of radiation exposure caused more severe DNA damage, reduced survival rate, and loss of body weight in Fasmut mice than in wild-type mice, which can be recovered by the infusion of MSC-apoVs. Mechanistically, we showed that apoptosis can assemble multiple nuclear DNA repair enzymes, such as the full-length PARP1, into 16,000 g apoVs. These DNA repair components are directly transferred by 16,000 g apoVs to recipient cells, leading to the rescue of DNA damage and elimination of senescent cells. Finally, we showed that embryonic stem cell-derived 16,000 g apoVs have superior DNA repair capacity due to containing a high level of nuclear DNA repair enzymes to rescue lethal dose-irradiated mice. This study uncovers a previously unknown role of 16,000 g apoVs in safeguarding tissues from DNA damage and demonstrates a strategy for using stem cell-derived apoVs to ameliorate irradiation-induced DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuzhi Zhuang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenwen Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Mingchen Ma
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuangzhouChina
- Department of Oral ImplantologySchool and Hospital of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Fangcao Lei
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Yan Qu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Huigen Luo
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Changzheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐Sen University), Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina
| | - Lu Lu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Lan Ma
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuangzhouChina
- National Center of Stomatology, National Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoxing Kou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐Sen University), Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina
| | - Linjia Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xueli Mao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Songtao Shi
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐Sen University), Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina
- International Center for Aging and Cancer (ICAC)Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanChina
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Hong W, Zhang Y, Wang S, Li Z, Zheng D, Hsu S, Zhou J, Fan J, Chen Z, Xia X, Zeng Z, Gao Q, Yu M, Du S. RECQL4 Inhibits Radiation-Induced Tumor Immune Awakening via Suppressing the cGAS-STING Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2308009. [PMID: 38381090 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Many patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) respond poorly to radiotherapy despite remarkable advances in treatment. A deeper insight into the mechanism of sensitivity of HCC to this therapy is urgently required. It is demonstrated that RECQL4 is upregulated in the malignant cells of patients with HCC. Elevated RECQL4 levels reduce the sensitivity of HCC to radiotherapy by repairing radiation-induced double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) fragments. Mechanistically, the inhibitory effect of RECQL4 on radiotherapy is due to the reduced recruitment of dendritic cells and CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). RECQL4 disrupts the radiation-induced transformation of the TME into a tumoricidal niche by inhibiting the cGAS-STING pathway in dendritic cells. Knocking out STING in dendritic cells can block the impact of RECQL4 on HCC radiosensitivity. Notably, high RECQL4 expressions in HCC is significantly associated with poor prognosis in multiple independent cohorts. In conclusion, this study highlights how HCC-derived RECQL4 disrupts cGAS-STING pathway activation in dendritic cells through DNA repair, thus reducing the radiosensitivity of HCC. These findings provide new perspectives on the clinical treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Siwei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Zongjuan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Danxue Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Shujung Hsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Zhesheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; Institute for Biotechnology, St. John's University, Queens, New York, NY10003, USA
| | - Xiaojun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhaochong Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Pancreas Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Shisuo Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
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6
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Jiang Y, Huang S, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Zhang W, Wan T, Gu H, Ouyang Y, Zheng X, Liu P, Pan B, Xiang H, Ju M, Luo R, Jia W, Huang S, Li J, Zheng M. Targeting the Cdc2-like kinase 2 for overcoming platinum resistance in ovarian cancer. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e537. [PMID: 38617434 PMCID: PMC11016135 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Platinum resistance represents a major barrier to the survival of patients with ovarian cancer (OC). Cdc2-like kinase 2 (CLK2) is a major protein kinase associated with oncogenic phenotype and development in some solid tumors. However, the exact role and underlying mechanism of CLK2 in the progression of OC is currently unknown. Using microarray gene expression profiling and immunostaining on OC tissues, we found that CLK2 was upregulated in OC tissues and was associated with a short platinum-free interval in patients. Functional assays showed that CLK2 protected OC cells from platinum-induced apoptosis and allowed tumor xenografts to be more resistant to platinum. Mechanistically, CLK2 phosphorylated breast cancer gene 1 (BRCA1) at serine 1423 (Ser1423) to enhance DNA damage repair, resulting in platinum resistance in OC cells. Meanwhile, in OC cells treated with platinum, p38 stabilized CLK2 protein through phosphorylating at threonine 343 of CLK2. Consequently, the combination of CLK2 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors achieved synergistic lethal effect to overcome platinum resistance in patient-derived xenografts, especially those with wild-type BRCA1. These findings provide evidence for a potential strategy to overcome platinum resistance in OC patients by targeting CLK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Shuting Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer HospitalYunnan Cancer CenterKunmingChina
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, The Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ting Wan
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Haifeng Gu
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Yi Ouyang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaojing Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Pingping Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Baoyue Pan
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Huiling Xiang
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Mingxiu Ju
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Rongzhen Luo
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Weihua Jia
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Shenjiao Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jundong Li
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
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7
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Geng A, Sun J, Tang H, Yu Y, Wang X, Zhang J, Wang X, Sun X, Zhou X, Gao N, Tan R, Xu Z, Jiang Y, Mao Z. SIRT2 promotes base excision repair by transcriptionally activating OGG1 in an ATM/ATR-dependent manner. Nucleic Acids Res 2024:gkae190. [PMID: 38554113 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) regulates the maintenance of genome integrity by targeting pathways of DNA damage response and homologous recombination repair. However, whether and how SIRT2 promotes base excision repair (BER) remain to be determined. Here, we found that independent of its catalytic activity SIRT2 interacted with the critical glycosylase OGG1 to promote OGG1 recruitment to its own promoter upon oxidative stress, thereby enhancing OGG1 promoter activity and increasing BER efficiency. Further studies revealed that SIRT2 was phosphorylated on S46 and S53 by ATM/ATR upon oxidative stress, and SIRT2 phosphorylation enhanced the SIRT2-OGG1 interaction and mediated the stimulatory effect of SIRT2 on OGG1 promoter activity. We also characterized 37 cancer-derived SIRT2 mutants and found that 5 exhibited the loss of the stimulatory effects on OGG1 transcription. Together, our data reveal that SIRT2 acts as a tumor suppressor by promoting OGG1 transcription and increasing BER efficiency in an ATM/ATR-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Geng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiahui Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Huanyin Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiyue Wang
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaona Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Neng Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Rong Tan
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Zhu Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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8
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Hosea R, Hillary S, Naqvi S, Wu S, Kasim V. The two sides of chromosomal instability: drivers and brakes in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:75. [PMID: 38553459 PMCID: PMC10980778 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01767-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of cancer and is associated with tumor cell malignancy. CIN triggers a chain reaction in cells leading to chromosomal abnormalities, including deviations from the normal chromosome number or structural changes in chromosomes. CIN arises from errors in DNA replication and chromosome segregation during cell division, leading to the formation of cells with abnormal number and/or structure of chromosomes. Errors in DNA replication result from abnormal replication licensing as well as replication stress, such as double-strand breaks and stalled replication forks; meanwhile, errors in chromosome segregation stem from defects in chromosome segregation machinery, including centrosome amplification, erroneous microtubule-kinetochore attachments, spindle assembly checkpoint, or defective sister chromatids cohesion. In normal cells, CIN is deleterious and is associated with DNA damage, proteotoxic stress, metabolic alteration, cell cycle arrest, and senescence. Paradoxically, despite these negative consequences, CIN is one of the hallmarks of cancer found in over 90% of solid tumors and in blood cancers. Furthermore, CIN could endow tumors with enhanced adaptation capabilities due to increased intratumor heterogeneity, thereby facilitating adaptive resistance to therapies; however, excessive CIN could induce tumor cells death, leading to the "just-right" model for CIN in tumors. Elucidating the complex nature of CIN is crucial for understanding the dynamics of tumorigenesis and for developing effective anti-tumor treatments. This review provides an overview of causes and consequences of CIN, as well as the paradox of CIN, a phenomenon that continues to perplex researchers. Finally, this review explores the potential of CIN-based anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rendy Hosea
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Sharon Hillary
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Sumera Naqvi
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Shourong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Vivi Kasim
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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9
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Lu XX, Xue C, Dong JH, Zhang YZ, Gao F. Nanoplatform-based strategies for enhancing the lethality of current antitumor PDT. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3209-3225. [PMID: 38497405 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00008k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) exhibits great application prospects in future clinical oncology due to its spatiotemporal controllability and good biosafety. However, the antitumor efficacy of PDT is seriously hindered by many factors, including tumor hypoxia, limited light penetration ability, and strong defense mechanisms of tumors. Considering that it is difficult to completely solve the first two problems, enhancing the lethality of antitumor PDT has become a good idea to extend its clinical application. Herein, we summarize the nanoplatform-involved strategies to effectively amplify the tumoricidal capability of current PDT and then discuss the present bottlenecks and prospects of the nanoplatform-based PDT sensitization strategies in tumor therapy. We hope this review will provide some references for others to design high-performance PDT nanoplatforms for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Lu
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Chun Xue
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Jian-Hui Dong
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Yi-Zhou Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Fan Gao
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
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10
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Roy S, Adhikary H, D’Amours D. The SMC5/6 complex: folding chromosomes back into shape when genomes take a break. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:2112-2129. [PMID: 38375830 PMCID: PMC10954462 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
High-level folding of chromatin is a key determinant of the shape and functional state of chromosomes. During cell division, structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) complexes such as condensin and cohesin ensure large-scale folding of chromatin into visible chromosomes. In contrast, the SMC5/6 complex plays more local and context-specific roles in the structural organization of interphase chromosomes with important implications for health and disease. Recent advances in single-molecule biophysics and cryo-electron microscopy revealed key insights into the architecture of the SMC5/6 complex and how interactions connecting the complex to chromatin components give rise to its unique repertoire of interphase functions. In this review, we provide an integrative view of the features that differentiates the SMC5/6 complex from other SMC enzymes and how these enable dramatic reorganization of DNA folding in space during DNA repair reactions and other genome transactions. Finally, we explore the mechanistic basis for the dynamic targeting of the SMC5/6 complex to damaged chromatin and its crucial role in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamayita Roy
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Roger Guindon Hall, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Hemanta Adhikary
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Roger Guindon Hall, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Damien D’Amours
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Roger Guindon Hall, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
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11
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Stilgoe A, Favre-Bulle IA, Watson ML, Gomez-Godinez V, Berns MW, Preece D, Rubinsztein-Dunlop H. Shining Light in Mechanobiology: Optical Tweezers, Scissors, and Beyond. ACS Photonics 2024; 11:917-940. [PMID: 38523746 PMCID: PMC10958612 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.4c00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Mechanobiology helps us to decipher cell and tissue functions by looking at changes in their mechanical properties that contribute to development, cell differentiation, physiology, and disease. Mechanobiology sits at the interface of biology, physics and engineering. One of the key technologies that enables characterization of properties of cells and tissue is microscopy. Combining microscopy with other quantitative measurement techniques such as optical tweezers and scissors, gives a very powerful tool for unraveling the intricacies of mechanobiology enabling measurement of forces, torques and displacements at play. We review the field of some light based studies of mechanobiology and optical detection of signal transduction ranging from optical micromanipulation-optical tweezers and scissors, advanced fluorescence techniques and optogenentics. In the current perspective paper, we concentrate our efforts on elucidating interesting measurements of forces, torques, positions, viscoelastic properties, and optogenetics inside and outside a cell attained when using structured light in combination with optical tweezers and scissors. We give perspective on the field concentrating on the use of structured light in imaging in combination with tweezers and scissors pointing out how novel developments in quantum imaging in combination with tweezers and scissors can bring to this fast growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander
B. Stilgoe
- School of
Mathematics and Physics, The University
of Queensland, Brisbane, 4074, Australia
- ARC
CoE for Engineered Quantum Systems, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4074, Australia
- ARC
CoE in Quantum Biotechnology, The University
of Queensland, 4074, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Itia A. Favre-Bulle
- School of
Mathematics and Physics, The University
of Queensland, Brisbane, 4074, Australia
- Queensland
Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4074, Australia
| | - Mark L. Watson
- School of
Mathematics and Physics, The University
of Queensland, Brisbane, 4074, Australia
- ARC
CoE for Engineered Quantum Systems, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4074, Australia
| | - Veronica Gomez-Godinez
- Institute
of Engineering and Medicine, University
of California San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Michael W. Berns
- Institute
of Engineering and Medicine, University
of California San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, United States
- Beckman
Laser Institute, University of California
Irvine, Irvine, California 92612, United States
| | - Daryl Preece
- Beckman
Laser Institute, University of California
Irvine, Irvine, California 92612, United States
| | - Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop
- School of
Mathematics and Physics, The University
of Queensland, Brisbane, 4074, Australia
- ARC
CoE for Engineered Quantum Systems, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4074, Australia
- ARC
CoE in Quantum Biotechnology, The University
of Queensland, 4074, Brisbane, Australia
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12
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Wang T, Peng X, Liu W, Ji M, Sun J. Identification and validation of KIF23 as a hypoxia-regulated lactate metabolism-related oncogene in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma. Life Sci 2024; 341:122490. [PMID: 38336274 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The "Warburg effect" has been developed from the discovery that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) could promote the conversion of pyruvate to lactate. However, no studies have linked hypoxia and lactate metabolism to uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). MAIN METHODS Sequencing and clinical data of patients with UCEC were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Hypoxia-related lactate metabolism genes (HRLGs) were screened using Spearman's correlation analysis. A prognostic signature based on HRLGs was developed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the molecular features, immune environment, mutation patterns, and response to drugs between different risk groups. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to verify the function of KIF23. KEY FINDINGS A five HRLG-based prognostic signature was identified. The prognostic outcome was unfavorable for the high-risk subgroup. Observation of increased pathway activities associated with cell proliferation and DNA damage repair was noted in the high-risk subgroup. Additionally, notable correlations were observed between risk score and immune microenvironment, mutational features, and drug responsiveness. Further, we confirmed KIF23 as a novel oncogene in UCEC, whose silencing decreased proliferation and promoted apoptosis of cancer cells. KIF23 knockdown reduced tumor growth in nude mice. We demonstrated that KIF23 was upregulated under hypoxic stress in a HIF-1α dependent manner. Moreover, KIF23 regulated lactate dehydrogenase A expression. SIGNIFICANCE The developed HRLG-related signature was associated with prognosis, immune microenvironment, and drug sensitivity in UCEC. We also revealed KIF23 as a hypoxia-regulated lactate metabolism-related oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- The Gynecology Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaotong Peng
- The Gynecology Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- The Gynecology Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mei Ji
- The Gynecology Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jing Sun
- The Gynecology Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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13
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Benedetti F, Silvestri G, Denaro F, Finesso G, Contreras-Galindo R, Munawwar A, Williams S, Davis H, Bryant J, Wang Y, Radaelli E, Rathinam CV, Gallo RC, Zella D. Mycoplasma DnaK expression increases cancer development in vivo upon DNA damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2320859121. [PMID: 38412130 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2320859121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Well-controlled repair mechanisms are involved in the maintenance of genomic stability, and their failure can precipitate DNA abnormalities and elevate tumor risk. In addition, the tumor microenvironment, enriched with factors inducing oxidative stress and affecting cell cycle checkpoints, intensifies DNA damage when repair pathways falter. Recent research has unveiled associations between certain bacteria, including Mycoplasmas, and various cancers, and the causative mechanism(s) are under active investigation. We previously showed that Mycoplasma fermentans DnaK, an HSP70 family chaperone protein, hampers the activity of proteins like PARP1 and p53, crucial for genomic integrity. Moreover, our analysis of its interactome in human cancer cell lines revealed DnaK's engagement with several components of DNA-repair machinery. Finally, in vivo experiments performed in our laboratory using a DnaK knock-in mouse model generated by our group demonstrated that DnaK exposure led to increased DNA copy number variants, indicative of genomic instability. We present here evidence that expression of DnaK is linked to increased i) incidence of tumors in vivo upon exposure to urethane, a DNA damaging agent; ii) spontaneous DNA damage ex vivo; and iii) expression of proinflammatory cytokines ex vivo, variations in reactive oxygen species levels, and increased β-galactosidase activity across tissues. Moreover, DnaK was associated with increased centromeric instability. Overall, these findings highlight the significance of Mycoplasma DnaK in the etiology of cancer and other genetic disorders providing a promising target for prevention, diagnostics, and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Benedetti
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Giovannino Silvestri
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Frank Denaro
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251
| | - Giovanni Finesso
- Comparative Pathology Core, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | - Arshi Munawwar
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Sumiko Williams
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251
| | - Harry Davis
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Joseph Bryant
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Enrico Radaelli
- Comparative Pathology Core, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Chozha V Rathinam
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Robert C Gallo
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Davide Zella
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
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14
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Sakai Y, Kuwahara K. Carcinogenesis caused by transcription-coupled DNA damage through GANP and other components of the TREX-2 complex. Pathol Int 2024; 74:103-118. [PMID: 38411330 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Perturbation of genes is important for somatic hypermutation to increase antibody affinity during B-cell immunity; however, it may also promote carcinogenesis. Previous studies have revealed that transcription is an important process that can induce DNA damage and genomic instability. Transciption-export-2 (TREX-2) complex, which regulates messenger RNA (mRNA) nuclear export, has been studied in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae; however, recent studies have started investigating the molecular function of the mammalian TREX-2 complex. The central molecule in the TREX-2 complex, that is, germinal center-associated nuclear protein (GANP), is closely associated with antibody affinity maturation as well as cancer etiology. In this review, we focus on carcinogenesis, lymphomagenesis, and teratomagenesis caused by transcription-coupled DNA damage through GANP and other components of the TREX-2 complex. We review the basic machinery of mRNA nuclear export and transcription-coupled DNA damage. We then briefly describe the immunological relationship between GANP and the affinity maturation of antibodies. Finally, we illustrate that the aberrant expression of the components of the TREX-2 complex, especially GANP, is associated with the etiology of various solid tumors, lymphomas, and testicular teratoma. These components serve as reliable predictors of cancer prognosis and response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Sakai
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kuwahara
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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15
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Shih YL, Hsu SY, Lai KC, Chueh FS, Huang YL, Kuo CL, Chen YL, Chen CJ, Peng SF, Huang WW, Lu HF. Allyl isothiocyanate induces DNA damage and inhibits DNA repair-associated proteins in a human gastric cancer cells in vitro. Environ Toxicol 2024; 39:1303-1314. [PMID: 37966020 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) is abundant in cruciferous vegetables and it present pharmacological activity including anticancer activity in many types of human cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Currently, no available information to show AITC affecting DNA damage and repair-associated protein expression in human gastric cancer cells. Therefore, in the present studies, we investigated AITC-induced cytotoxic effects on human gastric cancer in AGS and SNU-1 cells whether or not via the induction of DNA damage and affected DNA damage and repair associated poteins expressions in vitro. Cell viability and morphological changes were assayed by flow cytometer and phase contrast microscopy, respectively, the results indicated AITC induced cell morphological changes and decreased total viable cells in AGS and SNU-1 cells in a dose-dependently. AITC induced DNA condensation and damage in a dose-dependently which based on the cell nuclei was stained by 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole present in AGS and SNU-1 cells. DNA damage and repair associated proteins expression in AGS and SNU-1 cells were measured by Western blotting. The results indicated AITC decreased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutathione, and catalase, but increased superoxide dismutase (SOD (Cu/Zn)), and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in AGS cells, however, in SNU-1 cells are increased HO-1. AITC increased DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), phosphorylation of gamma H2A histone family member X on Ser139 (γH2AXpSer139 ), and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) in AGS cells. AITC increased DNA-PK, mediator of DNA damage checkpoint protein 1 (MDC1), γH2AXpSer139 , topoisomerase II alpha (TOPIIα), topoisomerase II beta (TOPIIβ), HSP90, and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in SNU-1 cells. AITC increased p53, p53pSer15 , and p21 but decreased murine double minute 2 (MDM2)pSer166 and O6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in AGS cells; however, it has a similar effect of AITC except increased ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 -related protein (ATR)pSer428 , checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), and checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2) in SNU-1 cells. Apparently, both cell responses to AITC are different, nonetheless, all of these observations suggest that AITC inhibits the growth of gastric cancer cells may through induction off DNA damage in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Luen Shih
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yao Hsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Chi Lai
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Shin Chueh
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Li Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Liang Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Ju Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wen Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Fen Lu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Aubert L, Bastien E, Renoult O, Guilbaud C, Özkan K, Brusa D, Bouzin C, Richiardone E, Richard C, Boidot R, Léonard D, Corbet C, Feron O. Tumor acidosis-induced DNA damage response and tetraploidy enhance sensitivity to ATM and ATR inhibitors. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:1469-1489. [PMID: 38366255 PMCID: PMC10933359 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00089-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor acidosis is associated with increased invasiveness and drug resistance. Here, we take an unbiased approach to identify vulnerabilities of acid-exposed cancer cells by combining pH-dependent flow cytometry cell sorting from 3D colorectal tumor spheroids and transcriptomic profiling. Besides metabolic rewiring, we identify an increase in tetraploid cell frequency and DNA damage response as consistent hallmarks of acid-exposed cancer cells, supported by the activation of ATM and ATR signaling pathways. We find that regardless of the cell replication error status, both ATM and ATR inhibitors exert preferential growth inhibitory effects on acid-exposed cancer cells. The efficacy of a combination of these drugs with 5-FU is further documented in 3D spheroids as well as in patient-derived colorectal tumor organoids. These data position tumor acidosis as a revelator of the therapeutic potential of DNA repair blockers and as an attractive clinical biomarker to predict the response to a combination with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Aubert
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Estelle Bastien
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ophélie Renoult
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Guilbaud
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kübra Özkan
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Davide Brusa
- CytoFlux-Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting Platform, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Imaging Platform 2IP, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elena Richiardone
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Corentin Richard
- Unit of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges‑François Leclerc Cancer Center‑UNICANCER, 21079, Dijon, France
| | - Romain Boidot
- Unit of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges‑François Leclerc Cancer Center‑UNICANCER, 21079, Dijon, France
| | - Daniel Léonard
- Institut Roi Albert II, Department of Digestive Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cyril Corbet
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Feron
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO) Department, WEL Research Institute, B-1300, Wavre, Belgium.
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17
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Liu W, Pang Y, Yu X, Lu D, Yang Y, Meng F, Xu C, Yuan L, Nan Y. Pan-cancer analysis of NUDT21 and its effect on the proliferation of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:3363-3385. [PMID: 38349866 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on bioinformatics research of NUDT21 in pan-cancer, we aimed to clarify the mechanism of NUDT21 in HHNC by experiment. METHODS The correlation between differential expression of NUDT21 in pan-cancer and survival prognosis, genomic instability, tumor stemness, DNA repair, RNA methylation and with immune microenvironment were analyzed by the application of different pan-cancer analysis web databases. In addition, immunohistochemistry staining and genetic detection of NUDT21 in HHNCC tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. Then, through in vitro cell experiments, NUDT21 was knocked down by lentivirus to detect the proliferation, cycle, apoptosis of FaDu and CNE-2Z cells, and finally by PathScan intracellular signaling array reagent to detect the apoptotic protein content. RESULTS Based on the pan-cancer analysis, we found that elevated expression of NUDT21 in most cancers was significantly correlated with TMB, MSI, neoantigens and chromosomal ploidy, and in epigenetics, elevated NUDT21 expression was strongly associated with genomic stability, mismatch repair genes, tumor stemness, and RNA methylation. Based on immunosuppressive score, we found that NUDT21 plays an essential role in the immunosuppressive environment by suppressing immune checkpointing effect in most cancers. In addition, using HHNSCC as a study target, PCR and pathological detection of NUDT21 in tumor tissues was significantly increased than that in paracancerous normal tissues. In vitro cellular assays, silencing NUDT21 inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in FaDu and CNE-2Z cells, and blocked the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. Therefore, the experiments confirmed that NUDT21 promotes the proliferation of FaDu by suppressing the expression of apoptotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yingna Pang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Xiaolu Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Doudou Lu
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yating Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Fandi Meng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Chengbi Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yi Nan
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
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18
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Jing X, Qin X, Liu H, Liu H, Wang H, Qin J, Zhang Y, Cao S, Fan X. DNA damage response alterations in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: clinical, molecular, and prognostic implications. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:107. [PMID: 38326910 PMCID: PMC10848511 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01678-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways modulate cancer risk, progression, and therapeutic responses. Nonetheless, the characteristics and significance of DDR alterations in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain undefined. This study aimed to explore the predictive role, molecular mechanism, and tumor immune profile of DDR genes in ccRCC. METHODS We prospectively sequenced 757 tumors and matched blood DNA samples from Chinese patients with ccRCC using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and analyzed data from 537 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A comprehensive analysis was performed. RESULTS Fifty-two percent of Chinese patients with ccRCC harbored DDR gene mutations and 57% of TCGA patients. The immunotherapy treatment prognosis of patients with DDR gene mutations was superior to that of patients without DDR gene mutations (p = 0.047). DDR gene mutations were associated with more gene mutations and a higher tumor mutation load (TMB, p < 0.001). Moreover, patients with DDR gene mutations have a distinct mutational signature compared with those with wild-type DDR. Furthermore, the DDR-mut group had elevated neoantigen load (including single-nucleotide variants (SNV) and indel neoantigen load, p = 0.037 and p = 0.002, respectively), TCR Shannon (p = 0.025), and neutrophils (p = 0.010). DDR gene mutations exhibited a distinct immune profile with significantly higher expression levels of TNFSF9, CD70, ICAM1, and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and lower expression levels of VTCN1 and IL12A. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the detection of somatic mutations in DDR genes can predict the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with ccRCC. Furthermore, we revealed the unique molecular and immune mechanisms underlying ccRCC with DDR gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jing
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangcheng Qin
- Department of Urology, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Acornmed Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Huina Wang
- Acornmed Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jiayue Qin
- Acornmed Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yanui Zhang
- Acornmed Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Shanbo Cao
- Acornmed Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Fan
- Department of Urology, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, China.
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19
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Dai Y, Yu Y, Nie J, Gu K, Pei H. X-ray-downregulated nucleophosmin induces abnormal polarization by anchoring to G-actin. Life Sci Space Res (Amst) 2024; 40:81-88. [PMID: 38245352 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation poses significant risks to astronauts during deep space exploration. This study investigates the impact of radiation on nucleophosmin (NPM), a protein involved in DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and proliferation. Using X-rays, a common space radiation, we found that radiation suppresses NPM expression. Knockdown of NPM increases DNA damage after irradiation, disrupts cell cycle distribution and enhances cellular radiosensitivity. Additionally, NPM interacts with globular actin (G-actin), affecting its translocation and centrosome binding during mitosis. These findings provide insights into the role of NPM in cellular processes in responding to radiation. This article enhances our comprehension of radiation-induced genomic instability and provides a foundational platform for prospective investigations within the realm of space radiation and its implications for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Yongduo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ke Gu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hailong Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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20
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Kim Y, Kang BE, Gariani K, Gariani J, Lee J, Kim HJ, Lee CW, Schoonjans K, Auwerx J, Ryu D. Loss of hepatic Sirt7 accelerates diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced formation of hepatocellular carcinoma by impairing DNA damage repair. BMB Rep 2024; 57:98-103. [PMID: 38303560 PMCID: PMC10910089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The mammalian sirtuin family (SIRT1-SIRT7) has shown diverse biological roles in the regulation and maintenance of genome stability under genotoxic stress. SIRT7, one of the least studied sirtuin, has been demonstrated to be a key factor for DNA damage response (DDR). However, conflicting results have proposed that Sirt7 is an oncogenic factor to promote transformation in cancer cells. To address this inconsistency, we investigated properties of SIRT7 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) regulation under DNA damage and found that loss of hepatic Sirt7 accelerated HCC progression. Specifically, the number, size, and volume of hepatic tumor colonies in diethylnitrosamine (DEN) injected Sirt7-deficient liver were markedly enhanced. Further, levels of HCC progression markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly elevated in the absence of hepatic Sirt7, unlike those in the control. In chromatin, SIRT7 was stabilized and colocalized to damage site by inhibiting the induction of γH2AX under DNA damage. Together, our findings suggest that SIRT7 is a crucial factor for DNA damage repair and that hepatic loss-of-Sirt7 can promote genomic instability and accelerate HCC development, unlike early studies describing that Sirt7 is an oncogenic factor [BMB Reports 2024; 57(2): 98-103].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Baeki E. Kang
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Karim Gariani
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva 1205, Korea
| | - Joanna Gariani
- Department of Radiology, Hirslanden Grangettes Clinic, Geneva 1224, Switzerland, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Junguee Lee
- Department of Pathology, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
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21
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Yan HJ, Lin SC, Xu SH, Gao YB, Zhou BJ, Zhou R, Chen FM, Li FR. Proteomic analysis reveals LRPAP1 as a key player in the micropapillary pattern metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23913. [PMID: 38226250 PMCID: PMC10788494 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Lung adenocarcinomas have different prognoses depending on their histological growth patterns. Micropapillary growth within lung adenocarcinoma, particularly metastasis, is related to dismal prognostic outcome. Metastasis accounts for a major factor leading to mortality among lung cancer patients. Understanding the mechanisms underlying early stage metastasis can help develop novel treatments for improving patient survival. Methods Here, quantitative mass spectrometry was conducted for comparing protein expression profiles among various histological subtypes, including adenocarcinoma in situ, minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, and invasive adenocarcinoma (including acinar and micropapillary [MIP] types). To determine the mechanism of MIP-associated metastasis, we identified a protein that was highly expressed in MIP. The expression of the selected highly expressed MIP protein was verified via immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis and its function was validated by an in vitro migration assay. Results Proteomic data revealed that low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-associated protein 1 (LRPAP1) was highly expressed in MIP group, which was confirmed by IHC. The co-expressed proteins in this study, PSMD1 and HSP90AB1, have been reported to be highly expressed in different cancers and play an essential role in metastasis. We observed that LRPAP1 promoted lung cancer progression, including metastasis, invasion and proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion LRPAP1 is necessary for MIP-associated metastasis and is the candidate novel anti-metastasis therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-jie Yan
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), 518020, Shenzhen, China
- Post-doctoral Scientific Research Station of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, 518020, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sheng-cheng Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 518172, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Yu-biao Gao
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), 518020, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, 518020, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bao-jin Zhou
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruo Zhou
- Deepxomics Co., Ltd, 518112, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fu-ming Chen
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), 518020, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, 518020, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fu-rong Li
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), 518020, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, 518020, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Health Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
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22
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Caporale LH. Evolutionary feedback from the environment shapes mechanisms that generate genome variation. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38194279 DOI: 10.1113/jp284411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Darwin recognized that 'a grand and almost untrodden field of inquiry will be opened, on the causes and laws of variation.' However, because the Modern Synthesis assumes that the intrinsic probability of any individual mutation is unrelated to that mutation's potential adaptive value, attention has been focused on selection rather than on the intrinsic generation of variation. Yet many examples illustrate that the term 'random' mutation, as widely understood, is inaccurate. The probabilities of distinct classes of variation are neither evenly distributed across a genome nor invariant over time, nor unrelated to their potential adaptive value. Because selection acts upon variation, multiple biochemical mechanisms can and have evolved that increase the relative probability of adaptive mutations. In effect, the generation of heritable variation is in a feedback loop with selection, such that those mechanisms that tend to generate variants that survive recurring challenges in the environment would be captured by this survival and thus inherited and accumulated within lineages of genomes. Moreover, because genome variation is affected by a wide range of biochemical processes, genome variation can be regulated. Biochemical mechanisms that sense stress, from lack of nutrients to DNA damage, can increase the probability of specific classes of variation. A deeper understanding of evolution involves attention to the evolution of, and environmental influences upon, the intrinsic variation generated in gametes, in other words upon the biochemical mechanisms that generate variation across generations. These concepts have profound implications for the types of questions that can and should be asked, as omics databases become more comprehensive, detection methods more sensitive, and computation and experimental analyses even more high throughput and thus capable of revealing the intrinsic generation of variation in individual gametes. These concepts also have profound implications for evolutionary theory, which, upon reflection it will be argued, predicts that selection would increase the probability of generating adaptive mutations, in other words, predicts that the ability to evolve itself evolves.
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23
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Li F, Liu P, Mi W, Li L, Anderson NM, Lesner NP, Burrows M, Plesset J, Majer A, Wang G, Li J, Zhu L, Keith B, Simon MC. Blocking methionine catabolism induces senescence and confers vulnerability to GSK3 inhibition in liver cancer. Nat Cancer 2024; 5:131-146. [PMID: 38168934 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00671-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Availability of the essential amino acid methionine affects cellular metabolism and growth, and dietary methionine restriction has been implicated as a cancer therapeutic strategy. Nevertheless, how liver cancer cells respond to methionine deprivation and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we find that human liver cancer cells undergo irreversible cell cycle arrest upon methionine deprivation in vitro. Blocking methionine adenosyl transferase 2A (MAT2A)-dependent methionine catabolism induces cell cycle arrest and DNA damage in liver cancer cells, resulting in cellular senescence. A pharmacological screen further identified GSK3 inhibitors as senolytics that selectively kill MAT2A-inhibited senescent liver cancer cells. Importantly, combined treatment with MAT2A and GSK3 inhibitors therapeutically blunts liver tumor growth in vitro and in vivo across multiple models. Together, methionine catabolism is essential for liver tumor growth, and its inhibition can be exploited as an improved pro-senescence strategy for combination with senolytic agents to treat liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuming Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Pingyu Liu
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Mi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liucheng Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nicole M Anderson
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Nicholas P Lesner
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michelle Burrows
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacqueline Plesset
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ariana Majer
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Guanlin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingzhi Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Brian Keith
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Tian B, Pang Y, Gao Y, Meng Q, Xin L, Sun C, Tang X, Wang Y, Li Z, Lin H, Wang L. A pan-cancer analysis of the oncogenic role of Golgi transport 1B in human tumors. J Transl Int Med 2023; 11:433-448. [PMID: 38130634 PMCID: PMC10732491 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2023-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Owing to the aggressiveness and treatment-refractory nature of cancer, ideal candidates for early diagnosis and treatment are needed. Golgi transport 1B (GOLT1B) has been associated with cellular malignant behaviors and immune responses in colorectal and lung cancer, but a systematic pan-cancer analysis on GOLT1B has not been conducted. Methods The expression status and clinical association of GOLT1B in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed. Genetic and methylation alterations in GOLT1B were explored. The relationship between GOLT1B and immune cell infiltration was also investigated. Genes related to GOLT1B expression were selected and analyzed. Results GOLT1B was highly expressed in most tumors, and there was a positive correlation between GOLT1B expression and clinical pathological parameters. High expression levels of GOLT1B have been associated with poor prognosis of most cancers. Copy number amplification was the primary type of GOLT1B genetic alterations, which was related to the prognosis of pan-cancer cases. There were different levels of GOLT1B promoter methylation across cancer types. The methylation level of the probe cg07371838 and cg25816357 was closely associated with prognosis in diverse cancers. There was also a positive correlation between GOLT1B genetic alterations and CD4+ T lymphocytes, especially the Th2 subset, as well as between GOLT1B expression and the estimated infiltration value of cancer-associated fibroblasts. Serine/threonine kinase receptor-associated protein (STRAP), integrator complex subunit 13 (INTS13), and ethanolamine kinase 1 (ETNK1) were the most relevant genes for GOLT1B expression, and their interactions with GOLT1B were involved in regulating the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β receptor signaling pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Conclusions This pan-cancer analysis provided a comprehensive understanding of the oncogenic role of GOLT1B, highlighting a potential mechanism whereby GOLT1B influences the tumor microenvironment, as well as cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Yanan Pang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Ye Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Qianqian Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Lei Xin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Chang Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Georgetown Preparatory School, North Bethesda20852, MD, USA
| | - Zhaoshen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Han Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Luowei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
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Han J, Mu Y, Huang J. Preserving genome integrity: The vital role of SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligases. Cell Insight 2023; 2:100128. [PMID: 38047137 PMCID: PMC10692494 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2023.100128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Various post-translational modifications (PTMs) collaboratively fine-tune protein activities. SUMO-targeted ubiquitin E3 ligases (STUbLs) emerge as specialized enzymes that recognize SUMO-modified substrates through SUMO-interaction motifs and subsequently ubiquitinate them via the RING domain, thereby bridging the SUMO and ubiquitin signaling pathways. STUbLs participate in a wide array of molecular processes, including cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, replication, and mitosis, operating under both normal conditions and in response to challenges such as genotoxic stress. Their ability to catalyze various types of ubiquitin chains results in diverse proteolytic and non-proteolytic outcomes for target substrates. Importantly, STUbLs are strategically positioned in close proximity to SUMO proteases and deubiquitinases (DUBs), ensuring precise and dynamic control over their target proteins. In this review, we provide insights into the unique properties and indispensable roles of STUbLs, with a particular emphasis on their significance in preserving genome integrity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Han
- Institute of Geriatrics, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanhua Mu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
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Schuhwerk H, Brabletz T. Mutual regulation of TGFβ-induced oncogenic EMT, cell cycle progression and the DDR. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 97:86-103. [PMID: 38029866 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
TGFβ signaling and the DNA damage response (DDR) are two cellular toolboxes with a strong impact on cancer biology. While TGFβ as a pleiotropic cytokine affects essentially all hallmarks of cancer, the multifunctional DDR mostly orchestrates cell cycle progression, DNA repair, chromatin remodeling and cell death. One oncogenic effect of TGFβ is the partial activation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), conferring invasiveness, cellular plasticity and resistance to various noxae. Several reports show that both individual networks as well as their interface affect chemo-/radiotherapies. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly resolved. EMT often correlates with TGFβ-induced slowing of proliferation, yet numerous studies demonstrate that particularly the co-activated EMT transcription factors counteract anti-proliferative signaling in a partially non-redundant manner. Collectively, evidence piled up over decades underscore a multifaceted, reciprocal inter-connection of TGFβ signaling / EMT with the DDR / cell cycle progression, which we will discuss here. Altogether, we conclude that full cell cycle arrest is barely compatible with the propagation of oncogenic EMT traits and further propose that 'EMT-linked DDR plasticity' is a crucial, yet intricate facet of malignancy, decisively affecting metastasis formation and therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Schuhwerk
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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Wu S, Chen Y, Chen Z, Wei F, Zhou Q, Li P, Gu Q. Reactive oxygen species and gastric carcinogenesis: The complex interaction between Helicobacter pylori and host. Helicobacter 2023; 28:e13024. [PMID: 37798959 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a highly successful human pathogen that colonizes stomach in around 50% of the global population. The colonization of bacterium induces an inflammatory response and a substantial rise in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), mostly derived from host neutrophils and gastric epithelial cells, which play a crucial role in combating bacterial infections. However, H. pylori has developed various strategies to quench the deleterious effects of ROS, including the production of antioxidant enzymes, antioxidant proteins as well as blocking the generation of oxidants. The host's inability to eliminate H. pylori infection results in persistent ROS production. Notably, excessive ROS can disrupt the intracellular signal transduction and biological processes of the host, incurring chronic inflammation and cellular damage, such as DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation. Markedly, the sustained inflammatory response and oxidative stress during H. pylori infection are major risk factor for gastric carcinogenesis. In this context, we summarize the literature on H. pylori infection-induced ROS production, the strategies used by H. pylori to counteract the host response, and subsequent host damage and gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Wu
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangtong Wei
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Gu
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
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Lin J, Wang G, Cheng S, Hu Y, Li H, Feng W, Liu X, Xu C. Pan-Cancer Analysis of the Cuproptosis-Related Gene DLD. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:5533444. [PMID: 38077227 PMCID: PMC10703539 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5533444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer affects millions of people each year and imposes a huge economic and social burden worldwide. Cuproptosis is a recently discovered novel mode of cell death. The exact function of the cuproptosis-related gene dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) and its role in pan-cancer is unknown. Methods Data were retrieved from the GTEx, TCGA, and multiple online websites. These data were used to assess the expression, prognosis, and diagnostic value of DLD in various tumors. The relationship of DLD with immune microenvironment immunomodulators, immune checkpoints, tumor mutational load (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and oncology drug sensitivity was explored by correlation analysis. Results The mRNA and protein expression of DLD differs in most cancers. Survival analysis showed that DLD was associated with prognosis with KIRC, KIRP, KICH, and UCS. DLD had a strong diagnostic value in KIRC, GBM, PAAD, and LGG (AUC > 0.9). DLD promoter methylation affects the aberrant expression of LIHC, LUSC, PAAD, READ, and THCA. DLD was negatively correlated with stromal score, immune score, and ESTIMATE score in UCEC, TGCT, LUSC, and SARC. In UCS, resting memory CD4 T cells and activated NK cells were significantly correlated with DLD expression. Significant correlations were also observed between DLD expression and immunomodulators, immune checkpoints, TMB, and MSI in various cancers. Importantly, we also identified a number of potential drugs that may target DLD. Conclusion DLD expression is associated with a variety of tumor prognoses and plays an integral role in tumorigenesis, tumor metabolism, and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Guowei Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Sha Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yanan Hu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Wanjiang Feng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Canxia Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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Van Dingenen L, Segers C, Wouters S, Mysara M, Leys N, Kumar-Singh S, Malhotra-Kumar S, Van Houdt R. Dissecting the role of the gut microbiome and fecal microbiota transplantation in radio- and immunotherapy treatment of colorectal cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1298264. [PMID: 38035338 PMCID: PMC10687483 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1298264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and poses a major burden on the human health worldwide. At the moment, treatment of CRC consists of surgery in combination with (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. More recently, immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) have also been approved for CRC treatment. In addition, recent studies have shown that radiotherapy and ICBs act synergistically, with radiotherapy stimulating the immune system that is activated by ICBs. However, both treatments are also associated with severe toxicity and efficacy issues, which can lead to temporary or permanent discontinuation of these treatment programs. There's growing evidence pointing to the gut microbiome playing a role in these issues. Some microorganisms seem to contribute to radiotherapy-associated toxicity and hinder ICB efficacy, while others seem to reduce radiotherapy-associated toxicity or enhance ICB efficacy. Consequently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been applied to reduce radio- and immunotherapy-related toxicity and enhance their efficacies. Here, we have reviewed the currently available preclinical and clinical data in CRC treatment, with a focus on how the gut microbiome influences radio- and immunotherapy toxicity and efficacy and if these treatments could benefit from FMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Van Dingenen
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Segers
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Shari Wouters
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
- Molecular Pathology Group, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Mysara
- Bioinformatics Group, Center for Informatics Science, School of Information Technology and Computer Science, Nile University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Natalie Leys
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Samir Kumar-Singh
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Molecular Pathology Group, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rob Van Houdt
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
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Araújo-Silva H, Teixeira PV, Gomes AC, Lúcio M, Lopes CM. Lyotropic liquid crystalline 2D and 3D mesophases: Advanced materials for multifunctional anticancer nanosystems. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189011. [PMID: 37923232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality. Despite significant breakthroughs in conventional therapies, treatment is still far from ideal due to high toxicity in normal tissues and therapeutic inefficiency caused by short drug lifetime in the body and resistance mechanisms. Current research moves towards the development of multifunctional nanosystems for delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs, bioactives and/or radionuclides that can be combined with other therapeutic modalities, like gene therapy, or imaging to use in therapeutic screening and diagnosis. The preparation and characterization of Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline (LLC) mesophases self-assembled as 2D and 3D structures are addressed, with an emphasis on the unique properties of these nanoassemblies. A comprehensive review of LLC nanoassemblies is also presented, highlighting the most recent advances and their outstanding advantages as drug delivery systems, including tailoring strategies that can be used to overcome cancer challenges. Therapeutic agents loaded in LLC nanoassemblies offer qualitative and quantitative enhancements that are superior to conventional chemotherapy, particularly in terms of preferential accumulation at tumor sites and promoting enhanced cancer cell uptake, lowering tumor volume and weight, improving survival rates, and increasing the cytotoxicity of their loaded therapeutic agents. In terms of quantitative anticancer efficacy, loaded LLC nanoassemblies reduced the IC50 values from 1.4-fold against lung cancer cells to 125-fold against ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Araújo-Silva
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Patricia V Teixeira
- Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e Porto (CF-UM-UP), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Andreia C Gomes
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Institute of Science and Innovation for Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Marlene Lúcio
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e Porto (CF-UM-UP), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Carla M Lopes
- Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento (FP-I3ID), Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit (FP-BHS), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Gambelli A, Ferrando A, Boncristiani C, Schoeftner S. Regulation and function of R-loops at repetitive elements. Biochimie 2023; 214:141-155. [PMID: 37619810 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
R-loops are atypical, three-stranded nucleic acid structures that contain a stretch of RNA:DNA hybrids and an unpaired, single stranded DNA loop. R-loops are physiological relevant and can act as regulators of gene expression, chromatin structure, DNA damage repair and DNA replication. However, unscheduled and persistent R-loops are mutagenic and can mediate replication-transcription conflicts, leading to DNA damage and genome instability if left unchecked. Detailed transcriptome analysis unveiled that 85% of the human genome, including repetitive regions, hold transcriptional activity. This anticipates that R-loops management plays a central role for the regulation and integrity of genomes. This function is expected to have a particular relevance for repetitive sequences that make up to 75% of the human genome. Here, we review the impact of R-loops on the function and stability of repetitive regions such as centromeres, telomeres, rDNA arrays, transposable elements and triplet repeat expansions and discuss their relevance for associated pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Gambelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via E. Weiss 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ferrando
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via E. Weiss 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Chiara Boncristiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via E. Weiss 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefan Schoeftner
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via E. Weiss 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
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Liu P, Deng X, Zhou H, Xie J, Kong Y, Zou Y, Yang A, Li X. Multi-omics analyses unravel DNA damage repair-related clusters in breast cancer with experimental validation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1297180. [PMID: 38022619 PMCID: PMC10644223 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1297180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As one of the most common malignancies worldwide, breast cancer (BC) exhibits high heterogeneity of molecular phenotypes. The evolving view regarding DNA damage repair (DDR) is that it is context-specific and heterogeneous, but its role in BC remains unclear. Methods Multi-dimensional data of transcriptomics, genomics, and single-cell transcriptome profiling were obtained to characterize the DDR-related features of BC. We collected 276 DDR-related genes based on the Molecular Signature Database (MSigDB) database and previous studies. We acquired public datasets included the SCAN-B dataset (GEO: GSE96058), METABRIC database, and TCGA-BRCA database. Corresponding repositories such as transcriptomics, genomics, and clinical information were also downloaded. We selected scRNA-seq data from GEO: GSE176078, GSE114727, GSE161529, and GSE158724. Bulk RNA-seq data from GEO: GSE176078, GSE18728, GSE5462, GSE20181, and GSE130788 were extracted for independent analyses. Results The DDR classification was constructed in the SCAN-B dataset (GEO: GSE96058) and METABRIC database, Among BC patients, there were two clusters with distinct clinical and molecular characteristics: the DDR-suppressed cluster and the DDR-active cluster. A superior survival rate is found for tumors in the DDR-suppressed cluster, while those with the DDR-activated cluster tend to have inferior prognoses and clinically aggressive behavior. The DDR classification was validated in the TCGA-BRCA cohort and shown similar results. We also found that two clusters have different pathway activities at the genomic level. Based on the intersection of the different expressed genes among these cohorts, we found that PRAME might play a vital role in DDR. The DDR classification was then enabled by establishing a DDR score, which was verified through multilayer cohort analysis. Furthermore, our results revealed that malignant cells contributed more to the DDR score at the single-cell level than nonmalignant cells. Particularly, immune cells with immunosuppressive properties (such as FOXP3+ CD4+ T cells) displayed higher DDR scores among those with distinguishable characteristics. Conclusion Collectively, this study performs general analyses of DDR heterogeneity in BC and provides insight into the understanding of individualized molecular and clinicopathological mechanisms underlying unique DDR profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinpei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huamao Zhou
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jindong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanan Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yutian Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Tangudu NK, Huang Z, Fang R, Buj R, Uboveja A, Cole AR, Happe C, Sun M, Gelhaus SL, MacDonald ML, Hempel N, Snyder NW, Aird KM. ATR promotes mTORC1 activation via de novo cholesterol synthesis in p16-low cancer cells. bioRxiv 2023:2023.10.27.564195. [PMID: 37961201 PMCID: PMC10634888 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.27.564195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage and cellular metabolism are intricately linked with bidirectional feedback. Two of the main effectors of the DNA damage response and control of cellular metabolism are ATR and mTORC1, respectively. Prior work has placed ATR upstream of mTORC1 during replication stress, yet the direct mechanism for how mTORC1 is activated in this context remain unclear. We previously published that p16-low cells have mTORC1 hyperactivation, which in part promotes their proliferation. Using this model, we found that ATR, but not ATM, is upstream of mTORC1 activation via de novo cholesterol synthesis and is associated with increased lanosterol synthase (LSS). Indeed, p16-low cells showed increased cholesterol abundance. Additionally, knockdown of either ATR or LSS decreased mTORC1 activity. Decreased mTORC1 activity due to ATR knockdown was rescued by cholesterol supplementation. Finally, using both LSS inhibitors and multiple FDA-approved de novo cholesterol synthesis inhibitors, we found that the de novo cholesterol biosynthesis pathway is a metabolic vulnerability of p16-low cells. Together, our data provide new evidence coupling the DNA damage response and cholesterol metabolism and demonstrate the feasibility of using FDA-approved cholesterol-lowering drugs in tumors with loss of p16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar Tangudu
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Zhentai Huang
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Richard Fang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Raquel Buj
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Apoorva Uboveja
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Aidan R. Cole
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Cassandra Happe
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Mai Sun
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Stacy L. Gelhaus
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Matthew L. MacDonald
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nadine Hempel
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Nathaniel W. Snyder
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Aging + Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Katherine M. Aird
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
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Wu Q, Sun Y, Qin X, Li M, Huang S, Wang X, Weng G. Development and validation of a novel anoikis-related gene signature in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1211103. [PMID: 37965453 PMCID: PMC10641395 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1211103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite numerous treatments available, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains a deadly and invasive cancer. Anoikis-related genes (ARGs) are essential regulators of tumor metastasis and development. However, the potential roles of ARGs in ccRCC remain unclear. Methods Based on the TCGA-KIRC cohort and GeneCards database, we identified differentially expressed ARGs in ccRCC. Then a 4 ARGs risk model was created by Cox regression and LASSO. The Kaplan-Meier and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to verify the predictive efficacy of the prognostic signature. Subsequently, the possible molecular mechanism of ARGs was investigated by functional enrichment analysis. To assess the immune infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, and immune function in various risk groups, single sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA) algorithm was employed. Furthermore, the low-risk and high-risk groups were compared in terms of tumor mutation burden (TMB). Ultimately, we analyzed the protein expression of these four ARGs utilizing the western blot test. Results Four genes were utilized to create a risk signature that may predict prognosis, enabling the classification of KIRC patients into groups with low or high risk. The reliability of the signature was examined utilizing survival analysis and ROC analysis. According to the multivariate Cox regression result, the risk score was a reliable independent prognostic predictor for KIRC patients. The novel risk model could differentiate between KIRC patients with various clinical outcomes and represent KIRC's specific immune status. An analysis of the correlation of TMB and risk score indicated a positive correlation between them, with high TMB being potentially linked to worse outcomes. Conclusion Based on our findings, the prognostic signature of ARGs may be employed as an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC patients. It may introduce alternative perspectives on prognosis evaluation and serve as a prominent reference for personalized and precise therapy in KIRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Wu
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- Department of Emergency, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangcheng Qin
- Department of Urology, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Maomao Li
- Department of Urology, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuaishuai Huang
- Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guobin Weng
- Department of Urology, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Islam F, Nath N, Zehravi M, Khan J, Jashim SBT, Charde MS, Chakole RD, Kumar KP, Babu AK, Nainu F, Khan SL, Rab SO, Emran TB, Wilairatana P. Exploring the role of natural bioactive molecules in genitourinary cancers: how far has research progressed? Nat Prod Bioprospect 2023; 13:39. [PMID: 37843642 PMCID: PMC10579213 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00400-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The primary approaches to treat cancerous diseases include drug treatment, surgical procedures, biotherapy, and radiation therapy. Chemotherapy has been the primary treatment for cancer for a long time, but its main drawback is that it kills cancerous cells along with healthy ones, leading to deadly adverse health effects. However, genitourinary cancer has become a concern in recent years as it is more common in middle-aged people. So, researchers are trying to find possible therapeutic options from natural small molecules due to the many drawbacks associated with chemotherapy and other radiation-based therapies. Plenty of research was conducted regarding genitourinary cancer to determine the promising role of natural small molecules. So, this review focused on natural small molecules along with their potential therapeutic targets in the case of genitourinary cancers such as prostate cancer, renal cancer, bladder cancer, testicular cancer, and so on. Also, this review states some ongoing or completed clinical evidence in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Nikhil Nath
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Mehrukh Zehravi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Dentistry & Pharmacy, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah, 51418, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jishan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Sumiya Ben-Ta Jashim
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Manoj Shrawan Charde
- Government College of Pharmacy, Vidyanagar, Karad, Satara, 415124, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rita Dadarao Chakole
- Government College of Pharmacy, Vidyanagar, Karad, Satara, 415124, Maharashtra, India
| | - K Praveen Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. of NCT of Delhi, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), Mehrauli-Badarpur Road, PushpVihar, Sector 3, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - A Kishore Babu
- Ratnadeep College of Pharmacy, Ratnapur, Jamkhed, Ahmednagar, 413206, Maharashtra, India
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
| | - Sharuk L Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, N.B.S. Institute of Pharmacy, Ausa, 413520, Maharashtra, India
| | - Safia Obaidur Rab
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School & Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Wang T, Ji M, Liu W, Sun J. Development and validation of a novel DNA damage repair-related long non-coding RNA signature in predicting prognosis, immunity, and drug sensitivity in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:4944-4959. [PMID: 37876625 PMCID: PMC10590872 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background DNA damage response (DDR) confer resistance to chemoradiotherapy in cancer cells. However, the role of DDR-related lncRNAs (DRLs) in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to identify a DRL-related prognostic signature that could guide the clinical treatment of UCEC. Methods We extracted transcriptome and clinical data of patients with UCEC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and identified DRLs using Spearman correlation analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to determine candidate prognostic DRLs. The samples were randomly divided into training and test cohorts in a 1:1 ratio. A DRL-related risk signature was constructed from the training cohort data using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm, and validated using the test and entire cohorts. Subsequently, a prognostic nomogram was developed using a multivariate Cox regression analysis. The functional annotation, immune microenvironment, tumor mutation burden (TMB), immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) efficacy, and drug sensitivity were also comprehensively analyzed between different risk groups. Finally, the function of AC019069.1 was validated in vitro. Results A novel risk signature was developed based on nine DRLs. The risk score efficiently predicted the prognosis of patients with UCEC. Based on the median risk score, two subgroups were identified. The DDR-related pathways were upregulated in the high-risk group. Additionally, high-risk patients have low immune activity, poor response to ICB, and weak sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents, possibly because of the proficient DDR system. Finally, we demonstrated AC019069.1 could promote cell proliferation, decrease apoptosis and maintain genome stability of UCEC cells. Conclusions The developed DRL-related signature can predict the prognosis, immune microenvironment, immunotherapy, and chemoradiotherapy responsiveness of UCEC. Our study also revealed the potential value of DDR-targeted therapy in treating high-risk patients with UCEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mei Ji
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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37
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Rodriguez-Fos E, Planas-Fèlix M, Burkert M, Puiggròs M, Toedling J, Thiessen N, Blanc E, Szymansky A, Hertwig F, Ishaque N, Beule D, Torrents D, Eggert A, Koche RP, Schwarz RF, Haase K, Schulte JH, Henssen AG. Mutational topography reflects clinical neuroblastoma heterogeneity. Cell Genom 2023; 3:100402. [PMID: 37868040 PMCID: PMC10589636 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a pediatric solid tumor characterized by strong clinical heterogeneity. Although clinical risk-defining genomic alterations exist in neuroblastomas, the mutational processes involved in their generation remain largely unclear. By examining the topography and mutational signatures derived from all variant classes, we identified co-occurring mutational footprints, which we termed mutational scenarios. We demonstrate that clinical neuroblastoma heterogeneity is associated with differences in the mutational processes driving these scenarios, linking risk-defining pathognomonic variants to distinct molecular processes. Whereas high-risk MYCN-amplified neuroblastomas were characterized by signs of replication slippage and stress, homologous recombination-associated signatures defined high-risk non-MYCN-amplified patients. Non-high-risk neuroblastomas were marked by footprints of chromosome mis-segregation and TOP1 mutational activity. Furthermore, analysis of subclonal mutations uncovered differential activity of these processes through neuroblastoma evolution. Thus, clinical heterogeneity of neuroblastoma patients can be linked to differences in the mutational processes that are active in their tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Rodriguez-Fos
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mercè Planas-Fèlix
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Burkert
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Montserrat Puiggròs
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Joint Barcelona Supercomputing Center – Center for Genomic Regulation – Institute for Research in Biomedicine Research Program in Computational Biology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joern Toedling
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Thiessen
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Digital Health Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eric Blanc
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Digital Health Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annabell Szymansky
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Falk Hertwig
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Naveed Ishaque
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Digital Health Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dieter Beule
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Digital Health Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Torrents
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Joint Barcelona Supercomputing Center – Center for Genomic Regulation – Institute for Research in Biomedicine Research Program in Computational Biology, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angelika Eggert
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard P. Koche
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roland F. Schwarz
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cancer Research Center Cologne Essen (CCCE), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- BIFOLD – Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Haase
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes H. Schulte
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anton G. Henssen
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Digital Health Center, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Wang Y, Hong Z, Song J, Zhong P, Lin L. METTL3 promotes drug resistance to oxaliplatin in gastric cancer cells through DNA repair pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1257410. [PMID: 37822880 PMCID: PMC10562647 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1257410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) poses a significant threat to human health and remains a prevalent form of cancer. Despite clinical treatments, the prognosis for Gastric cancer patients is still unsatisfactory, largely due to the development of multidrug resistance. Oxaliplatin (OXA), a second-generation platinum drug, is commonly recommended for adjuvant and palliative chemotherapy in Gastric cancer; however, the underlying mechanisms of acquired resistance to Oxaliplatin in Gastric cancer patients are not yet fully understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential mechanisms of Oxaliplatin resistance in Gastric cancer by employing bioinformatics analysis and conducting in vitro experiments. Specifically, we focused on investigating the role of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3). Our findings revealed that the knockdown of METTL3 significantly impeded the proliferation and migration of Gastric cancer cells. METTL3 knockdown induced apoptosis in OXA-resistant Gastric cancer cells and enhanced their sensitivity to Oxaliplatin. Furthermore, we found that DNA repair pathways were significantly activated in OXA-resistant Gastric cancer cells, and METTL3 knockdown significantly inhibited DNA repair pathways. Another important finding is that METTL3 knockdown and OXA-induced Gastric cancer cell death are additive, and the targeted METTL3 can assist Oxaliplatin treatment. Collectively, our findings suggest that METTL3 knockdown can augment the sensitivity of Gastric cancer cells to Oxaliplatin by impeding DNA repair processes. Consequently, targeting METTL3 holds great promise as a viable adjuvant strategy in the treatment of Gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgical Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhongshi Hong
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jintian Song
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Peilin Zhong
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liang Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Zhong AX, Chen Y, Chen PL. BRCA1 the Versatile Defender: Molecular to Environmental Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14276. [PMID: 37762577 PMCID: PMC10532398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolving history of BRCA1 research demonstrates the profound interconnectedness of a single protein within the web of crucial functions in human cells. Mutations in BRCA1, a tumor suppressor gene, have been linked to heightened breast and ovarian cancer risks. However, despite decades of extensive research, the mechanisms underlying BRCA1's contribution to tissue-specific tumor development remain elusive. Nevertheless, much of the BRCA1 protein's structure, function, and interactions has been elucidated. Individual regions of BRCA1 interact with numerous proteins to play roles in ubiquitination, transcription, cell checkpoints, and DNA damage repair. At a cellular scale, these BRCA1 functions coordinate tumor suppression, R-loop prevention, and cellular differentiation, all of which may contribute to BRCA1's role in cancer tissue specificity. As research on BRCA1 and breast cancer continues to evolve, it will become increasingly evident that modern materials such as Bisphenol A should be examined for their relationship with DNA stability, cancer incidence, and chemotherapy. Overall, this review offers a comprehensive understanding of BRCA1's many roles at a molecular, cellular, organismal, and environmental scale. We hope that the knowledge gathered here highlights both the necessity of BRCA1 research and the potential for novel strategies to prevent and treat cancer in individuals carrying BRCA1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy X. Zhong
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Yumay Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - Phang-Lang Chen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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Chang HR. RNF126, 168 and CUL1: The Potential Utilization of Multi-Functional E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Genome Maintenance for Cancer Therapy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2527. [PMID: 37760968 PMCID: PMC10526535 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification (PTM) that is involved in proteolysis, protein-protein interaction, and signal transduction. Accumulation of mutations and genomic instability are characteristic of cancer cells, and dysfunction of the ubiquitin pathway can contribute to abnormal cell physiology. Because mutations can be critical for cells, DNA damage repair, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis are pathways that are in close communication to maintain genomic integrity. Uncontrolled cell proliferation due to abnormal processes is a hallmark of cancer, and mutations, changes in expression levels, and other alterations of ubiquitination factors are often involved. Here, three E3 ubiquitin ligases will be reviewed in detail. RNF126, RNF168 and CUL1 are involved in DNA damage response (DDR), DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair, cell cycle regulation, and ultimately, cancer cell proliferation control. Their involvement in multiple cellular pathways makes them an attractive candidate for cancer-targeting therapy. Functional studies of these E3 ligases have increased over the years, and their significance in cancer is well reported. There are continuous efforts to develop drugs targeting the ubiquitin pathway for anticancer therapy, which opens up the possibility for these E3 ligases to be evaluated for their potential as a target protein for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Ryung Chang
- Department of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Republic of Korea
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Sobanski T, Suraweera A, Burgess JT, Richard I, Cheong CM, Dave K, Rose M, Adams MN, O'Byrne KJ, Richard DJ, Bolderson E. The fructose-bisphosphate, Aldolase A (ALDOA), facilitates DNA-PKcs and ATM kinase activity to regulate DNA double-strand break repair. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15171. [PMID: 37704669 PMCID: PMC10499815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41133-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose metabolism and DNA repair are fundamental cellular processes frequently dysregulated in cancer. In this study, we define a direct role for the glycolytic Aldolase A (ALDOA) protein in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. ALDOA is a fructose biphosphate Aldolase that catalyses fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) and dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), during glycolysis. Here, we show that upon DNA damage induced by ionising radiation (IR), ALDOA translocates from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, where it partially co-localises with the DNA DSB marker γ-H2AX. DNA damage was shown to be elevated in ALDOA-depleted cells prior to IR and following IR the damage was repaired more slowly. Consistent with this, cells depleted of ALDOA exhibited decreased DNA DSB repair via non-homologous end-joining and homologous recombination. In support of the defective repair observed in its absence, ALDOA was found to associate with the major DSB repair effector kinases, DNA-dependent Protein Kinase (DNA-PK) and Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) and their autophosphorylation was decreased when ALDOA was depleted. Together, these data establish a role for an essential metabolic protein, ALDOA in DNA DSB repair and suggests that targeting ALDOA may enable the concurrent targeting of cancer metabolism and DNA repair to induce tumour cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Sobanski
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute (TRI), 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Amila Suraweera
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute (TRI), 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Joshua T Burgess
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute (TRI), 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Iain Richard
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute (TRI), 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chee Man Cheong
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute (TRI), 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Keyur Dave
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute (TRI), 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Maddison Rose
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute (TRI), 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mark N Adams
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute (TRI), 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kenneth J O'Byrne
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute (TRI), 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Derek J Richard
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute (TRI), 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Emma Bolderson
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute (TRI), 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia.
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Li Q, Qian W, Zhang Y, Hu L, Chen S, Xia Y. A new wave of innovations within the DNA damage response. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:338. [PMID: 37679326 PMCID: PMC10485079 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01548-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome instability has been identified as one of the enabling hallmarks in cancer. DNA damage response (DDR) network is responsible for maintenance of genome integrity in cells. As cancer cells frequently carry DDR gene deficiencies or suffer from replicative stress, targeting DDR processes could induce excessive DNA damages (or unrepaired DNA) that eventually lead to cell death. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have brought impressive benefit to patients with breast cancer gene (BRCA) mutation or homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), which proves the concept of synthetic lethality in cancer treatment. Moreover, the other two scenarios of DDR inhibitor application, replication stress and combination with chemo- or radio- therapy, are under active clinical exploration. In this review, we revisited the progress of DDR targeting therapy beyond the launched first-generation PARP inhibitors. Next generation PARP1 selective inhibitors, which could maintain the efficacy while mitigating side effects, may diversify the application scenarios of PARP inhibitor in clinic. Albeit with unavoidable on-mechanism toxicities, several small molecules targeting DNA damage checkpoints (gatekeepers) have shown great promise in preliminary clinical results, which may warrant further evaluations. In addition, inhibitors for other DNA repair pathways (caretakers) are also under active preclinical or clinical development. With these progresses and efforts, we envision that a new wave of innovations within DDR has come of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Domestic Discovery Service Unit, WuXi AppTec, 200131, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyuan Qian
- Domestic Discovery Service Unit, WuXi AppTec, 200131, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Domestic Discovery Service Unit, WuXi AppTec, 200131, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihong Hu
- Domestic Discovery Service Unit, WuXi AppTec, 200131, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhui Chen
- Domestic Discovery Service Unit, WuXi AppTec, 200131, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanfeng Xia
- Domestic Discovery Service Unit, WuXi AppTec, 200131, Shanghai, China.
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Réthi-Nagy Z, Ábrahám E, Sinka R, Juhász S, Lipinszki Z. Protein Phosphatase 4 Is Required for Centrobin Function in DNA Damage Repair. Cells 2023; 12:2219. [PMID: 37759442 PMCID: PMC10526779 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome stability in human cells relies on the efficient repair of double-stranded DNA breaks, which is mainly achieved by homologous recombination (HR). Among the regulators of various cellular functions, Protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) plays a pivotal role in coordinating cellular response to DNA damage. Meanwhile, Centrobin (CNTRB), initially recognized for its association with centrosomal function and microtubule dynamics, has sparked interest due to its potential contribution to DNA repair processes. In this study, we investigate the involvement of PP4 and its interaction with CNTRB in HR-mediated DNA repair in human cells. Employing a range of experimental strategies, we investigate the physical interaction between PP4 and CNTRB and shed light on the importance of two specific motifs in CNTRB, the PP4-binding FRVP and the ATR kinase recognition SQ sequences, in the DNA repair process. Moreover, we examine cells depleted of PP4 or CNTRB and cells harboring FRVP and SQ mutations in CNTRB, which result in similar abnormal chromosome morphologies. This phenomenon likely results from the impaired resolution of Holliday junctions, which serve as crucial intermediates in HR. Taken together, our results provide new insights into the intricate mechanisms of PP4 and CNTRB-regulated HR repair and their interrelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsánna Réthi-Nagy
- MTA SZBK Lendület Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.R.-N.); (E.Á.)
- Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edit Ábrahám
- MTA SZBK Lendület Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.R.-N.); (E.Á.)
- National Laboratory for Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rita Sinka
- Department of Genetics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Szilvia Juhász
- Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Lipinszki
- MTA SZBK Lendület Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.R.-N.); (E.Á.)
- National Laboratory for Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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Huang Q, Lv Q, Tang W, Pan Y, Xing Y, He M, Wu H, Huang J, Huang C, Lan H, Chen J, Xiao G. A comprehensively prognostic and immunological analysis of chloride intracellular channel protein 5 (CLIC5) in pan-cancer and identification in ovarian cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:10561-10583. [PMID: 37286734 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04927-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
CLIC5 encoded protein associates with actin-based cytoskeletal and is increasingly thought to play significant roles in human cancers. We use TCGA and GEO to explore CLIC5 expression differences, mutation and DNA methylation, TMB, MSI, and immune cell infiltration. We verified the mRNA expression of CLIC5 in human ovarian cancer cells by real-time PCR and detected the expression of CLIC5 as well as immune marker genes in ovarian cancer by immunohistochemistry. The pan-cancer analysis showed that CLIC5 is highly expressed in several malignant tumors. In some cancers, CLIC5 expression in tumor samples is associated with poorer overall survival. For example, patients with ovarian cancer with high expression of CLIC5 have a poor prognosis. CLIC5 mutation frequency increased in all tumor types. The CLIC5 promoter is hypomethylated in most tumors. CLIC5 was associated with tumor immunity and different immune cells of different tumor types, such as CD8 + T cells, tumor-associated fibroblasts, macrophages, etc. CLIC5 was positively correlated with various immune checkpoints, and TMB and MSI were correlated with dysregulation of CLIC5 in tumors. The expression of CLIC5 in ovarian cancer was detected by qPCR and IHC, and the results were consistent with the bioinformatics results. There were a strong positive correlation between CLIC5 expression and M2 macrophage (CD163) infiltration and a negative correlation with CD8 + T-cell infiltration. In conclusions, our first pan-cancer analysis offered a detailed grasp of the cancerogenic functions of CLIC5 in a variety of malignancies. CLIC5 participated in immunomodulation and performed a crucial function in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Huang
- Translational Medicine Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Nano-Biomedical Technology for Diagnosis and Therapy and Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumour Microenvironment, Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Quankun Lv
- Emergency Department, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, South China University of Technology, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Waner Tang
- Translational Medicine Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Nano-Biomedical Technology for Diagnosis and Therapy and Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumour Microenvironment, Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yue Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Min He
- Translational Medicine Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Nano-Biomedical Technology for Diagnosis and Therapy and Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumour Microenvironment, Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyi Wu
- Translational Medicine Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Nano-Biomedical Technology for Diagnosis and Therapy and Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumour Microenvironment, Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiamin Huang
- Translational Medicine Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Nano-Biomedical Technology for Diagnosis and Therapy and Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumour Microenvironment, Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Che Huang
- Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Haifeng Lan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqi Chen
- Translational Medicine Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Nano-Biomedical Technology for Diagnosis and Therapy and Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumour Microenvironment, Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Oncology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guohong Xiao
- Translational Medicine Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Nano-Biomedical Technology for Diagnosis and Therapy and Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumour Microenvironment, Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Siqueira PR, Souza JP, Venturini FP, Carmo TLL, Azevedo VC, Estevão BM, Bonomo MM, Santos FA, Zucolotto V, Fernandes MN. rGO outperforms GO in generating oxidative stress and DNA strand breaks in zebrafish liver cells. Aquat Toxicol 2023; 262:106640. [PMID: 37595501 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) are both widely applicable and there is a massive production throughout the world which imply in inevitable contamination in the aquatic environment by their wastes. Nevertheless, information about their interaction at the cellular level in fish is still scarce. We investigated the metabolic activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, responses of antioxidant defenses, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as well as oxidative stress and DNA integrity in zebrafish liver cells (ZFL) exposed to (0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 µg mL-1) of GO and rGO after two exposure period (24 and 72 h). Higher ROS production and no significant changes in the antioxidant defenses resulted in lipid peroxidation in cells exposed to rGO. Cells exposed to GO increased the activity of antioxidant defenses sustaining the TAC and avoiding lipid peroxidation. Comet assay showed that both, GO and rGO, caused DNA strand breaks after 24 h of exposure; however, only rGO caused DNA damage after 72 h of exposure. The exposure to rGO was significantly more harmful to ZFL cells than GO, even at very low concentrations. The cells showed a high capacity to neutralize ROS induced by GO preventing genotoxic effects and metabolic activity, thus sustaining cell viability. The time of exposure had different impacts for both nanomaterials, GO caused more changes in 24 h showing recovery after 72 h, while cells exposed to rGO were jeopardized at both exposure times. These results indicate that the reduction of GO by removal of the oxygen functional groups (rGO) increased toxicity leading to adverse effects in the cells, even at very low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Rodrigues Siqueira
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources, Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jaqueline Pérola Souza
- Institute of Physics of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francine Perri Venturini
- Institute of Physics of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bianca Martins Estevão
- Institute of Physics of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Marques Bonomo
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources, Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Aparecido Santos
- Institute of Physics of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valtencir Zucolotto
- Institute of Physics of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marisa Narciso Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources, Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Zhou Z, Yang H, Liang X, Zhou T, Zhang T, Yang Y, Wang J, Wang W. C1orf112 teams up with FIGNL1 to facilitate RAD51 filament disassembly and DNA interstrand cross-link repair. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112907. [PMID: 37515771 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The recombinase RAD51 plays a core role in DNA repair by homologous recombination (HR). The assembly and disassembly of RAD51 filament need to be orderly regulated by mediators such as BRCA2 and anti-recombinases. To screen for potential regulators of RAD51, we perform RAD51 proximity proteomics and identify factor C1orf112. We further find that C1orf112 complexed with FIGNL1 facilitates RAD51 filament disassembly in the HR step of Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway. Specifically, C1orf112 physically interacts with FIGNL1 and enhances its protein stability. Meanwhile, the RAD51 filament disassembly activity of FIGNL1 is directly stimulated by C1orf112. BRCA2 directly interacts with C1orf112-FIGNL1 complex and functions upstream of this complex to protect RAD51 filament from premature disassembly. C1orf112- and FIGNL1-deficient cells are primarily sensitive to DNA interstrand cross-link (ICL) agents. Thus, these findings suggest an important function of C1orf112 in RAD51 regulation in the HR step of ICL repair by FA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinxin Liang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiadong Wang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Weibin Wang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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Huang Y, Lu C, Wang H, Gu L, Fu YX, Li GM. DNAJA2 deficiency activates cGAS-STING pathway via the induction of aberrant mitosis and chromosome instability. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5246. [PMID: 37640708 PMCID: PMC10462666 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40952-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular chaperone HSP70s are attractive targets for cancer therapy, but their substrate broadness and functional non-specificity have limited their role in therapeutical success. Functioning as HSP70's cochaperones, HSP40s determine the client specificity of HSP70s, and could be better targets for cancer therapy. Here we show that tumors defective in HSP40 member DNAJA2 are benefitted from immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Mechanistically, DNAJA2 maintains centrosome homeostasis by timely degrading key centriolar satellite proteins PCM1 and CEP290 via HSC70 chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Tumor cells depleted of DNAJA2 or CMA factor LAMP2A exhibit elevated levels of centriolar satellite proteins, which causes aberrant mitosis characterized by abnormal spindles, chromosome missegregation and micronuclei formation. This activates the cGAS-STING pathway to enhance ICB therapy response in tumors derived from DNAJA2-deficient cells. Our study reveals a role for DNAJA2 to regulate mitotic division and chromosome stability and suggests DNAJA2 as a potential target to enhance cancer immunotherapy, thereby providing strategies to advance HSPs-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Changzheng Lu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanzhi Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Liya Gu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yang-Xin Fu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Guo-Min Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Chinese Institutes for Medical Research, Beijing, China.
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48
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Shin U, Lee Y. Unraveling DNA Repair Processes In Vivo: Insights from Zebrafish Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13120. [PMID: 37685935 PMCID: PMC10487404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The critical role of the DNA repair system in preserving the health and survival of living organisms is widely recognized as dysfunction within this system can result in a broad range of severe conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, blood disorders, infertility, and cancer. Despite comprehensive research on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of DNA repair pathways, there remains a significant knowledge gap concerning these processes at an organismal level. The teleost zebrafish has emerged as a powerful model organism for investigating these intricate DNA repair mechanisms. Their utility arises from a combination of their well-characterized genomic information, the ability to visualize specific phenotype outcomes in distinct cells and tissues, and the availability of diverse genetic experimental approaches. In this review, we provide an in-depth overview of recent advancements in our understanding of the in vivo roles of DNA repair pathways. We cover a variety of critical biological processes including neurogenesis, hematopoiesis, germ cell development, tumorigenesis, and aging, with a specific emphasis on findings obtained from the use of zebrafish as a model system. Our comprehensive review highlights the importance of zebrafish in enhancing our understanding of the functions of DNA repair systems at the organismal level and paves the way for future investigations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unbeom Shin
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsung Lee
- Clinical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
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49
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Yang Y, Xiong L, Li M, Jiang P, Wang J, Li C. Advances in radiotherapy and immunity in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Transl Med 2023; 21:526. [PMID: 37542324 PMCID: PMC10401766 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04386-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumours worldwide; it caused approximately 830,000 deaths in 2020. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, accounting for over 80% of all cases. Various methods, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and radiofrequency ablation, have been widely used in the treatment of HCC. With the advancement of technology, radiotherapy has become increasingly important in the comprehensive treatment of HCC. However, due to the insufficient sensitivity of tumour cells to radiation, there are still multiple limitation in clinical application of radiotherapy. In recent years, the role of immunotherapy in cancer has been increasingly revealed, and more researchers have turned their attention to the combined application of immunotherapy and radiotherapy in the hope of achieving better treatment outcomes. This article reviews the progress on radiation therapy in HCC and the current status of its combined application with immunotherapy, and discusses the prospects and value of radioimmunotherapy in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Liting Xiong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Chunxiao Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
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An J, Oh JH, Oh B, Oh YJ, Ju JS, Kim W, Kang HJ, Sung CO, Shim JH. Clinicogenomic characteristics and synthetic lethal implications of germline homologous recombination-deficient hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2023; 78:452-467. [PMID: 36177702 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS We performed an in-depth examination of pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) and somatic variants in DNA damage response (DDR) genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to explore their clinical and genomic impacts. APPROACH AND RESULTS We used a merged whole-exome or RNA sequencing data set derived from in-house ( n = 230) and The Cancer Genome Atlas ( n = 362) databases of multiethnic HCC samples. We also evaluated synthetic lethal approaches targeting mutations in homologous recombination (HR) genes using HCC cells selected from five genomic databases of cancer cell lines. A total of 110 PGVs in DDR pathways in 96 patients were selected. Of the PGV carriers, 44 were HR-altered and found to be independently associated with poorer disease-free survival after hepatectomy. The most frequently altered HR gene in both germline and somatic tissues was POLQ , and this variant was detected in 22.7% (10/44) and 23.8% (5/21) of all the corresponding carriers, respectively. PGVs in HR were significantly associated with upregulation of proliferation and replication-related genes and familial risk of HCC. Samples harboring PGVs in HR with loss of heterozygosity were most strongly correlated with the genomic footprints of deficient HR, such as mutation burden and denovoSig2 (analogous to Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer [COSMIC] 3), and poor outcome. Pharmacologic experiments with HCC cells defective in BRCA2 or POLQ suggested that tumors with this phenotype are synthetic lethal with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that germline HR defects in HCC tend to confer a poor prognosis and result in distinctive genomic scarring. Tests of the clinical benefits of HR-directed treatments in the affected patients are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun An
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Hanyang University College of Medicine , Guri , Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Oh
- Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Bora Oh
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Oh
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sung Ju
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Wonkyung Kim
- Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Kang
- Pathology, Asan Medical Center , University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
- Asan Liver Center, Asan Medical Center , University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Chang Ohk Sung
- Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
- Pathology, Asan Medical Center , University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery , Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Shim
- Asan Liver Center, Asan Medical Center , University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , South Korea
- Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center , University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
- Digestive Diseases Research Center , University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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