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Tang N, Huang J, Chen C, Wu X, Xu H, Chen G, Xue H. Polymorphisms and haplotypes of IL2RA, IL10, IFNG, IRF5, and CCR2 are associated with Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in children. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021; 68:e29097. [PMID: 34031980 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cytokine storms are central to the development of Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH). Previous studies have shown that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of cytokine genes may be associated with the development of EBV-HLH in children. As such, we investigated the association between susceptibility to EBV-HLH in children and SNPs and haplotypes of genes encoding interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha (IL2RA), interleukin-10 (IL10), interferon gamma (IFNG), interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5), and C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2). METHODS Sixty-six children with EBV-HLH and 58 healthy EBV-seropositive controls were enrolled in this study. SNPs of IL2RA rs2104286, rs12722489, and rs11594656; IL10 rs1800896, rs1800871, and rs1800872; IFNG rs2430561, IRF5 rs2004640, and CCR2 rs1799864 were assayed and genotyped using the SNaPshot technique. RESULTS Frequencies of the A allele of IL2RA rs2104286 and IL10 rs1800896, and C allele of IL-10 rs1800872 were significantly higher in the EBV-HLH group than in the control group. The AA genotype of IL2RA rs2104286 and IL10 rs1800896, and the CC genotype of IL10 rs1800872 might be associated with a significantly high risk of EBV-HLH. However, the frequencies of genotypes and alleles of IL2RA rs2104286, IL10 rs1800871, IFNG rs2430561, IRF5 rs2004640, and CCR2 rs1799864 were similar in both groups. Additionally, IL2RA AGT (rs2104286-rs12722489-rs11594656) and IL10 ACC (rs1800896-rs1800871-rs1800872) haplotypes were also associated with an increased risk of EBV-HLH. CONCLUSIONS SNPs of IL2RA rs2104286, IL10 rs1800896 and rs1800872 and the haplotypes of IL2RA AGT and IL10 ACC were highly associated with susceptibility to EBV-HLH in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Tang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junbin Huang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun Chen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honggui Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Hongman Xue
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Abstract
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is an extremely successful human herpes virus, which infects essentially all human beings at some time during their life span. EBV infection and the associated immune response results in production of antibodies (seroconversion), which occurs mainly during the first years of life, but may also happen during adolescence or later in life. Infection of adolescents can result in infectious mononucleosis, an acute serious condition characterized by massive lymphocytosis. Transmission of EBV mainly occurs through saliva but can rarely be spread through semen or blood, e.g. through organ transplantations and blood transfusions. EBV transmission through oral secretions results in infection of epithelial cells of the oropharynx. From the epithelial cells EBV can infect B cells, which are the major reservoir for the virus, but other cell types may also become infected. As a result, EBV can shuttle between different cell types, mainly B cells and epithelial cells. Moreover, since the virus can switch between a latent and a lytic life cycle, EBV has the ability to cause chronic relapsing/reactivating infections. Chronic or recurrent EBV infection of epithelial cells has been linked to systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren’s syndrome, whereas chronic/recurrent infection of B cells has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and other diseases. Accordingly, since EBV can shuttle between epithelial cells and B cells, the systemic autoimmune diseases often occur as overlapping syndromes with symptoms and characteristic autoantibodies (e.g. antinuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factors) reflecting epithelial and/or B cell infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Houen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
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Sharif OM, Hassan R, Mohammed Basbaeen AA, Mohmed AH, Ibrahim IK. Interleukin-10 (1082G/A) Polymorphism is Associated with Susceptibility of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients in Sudanese Population. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:1939-1943. [PMID: 31350948 PMCID: PMC6745212 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.7.1939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a multifunctional cytokine with both immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenicfunctions and may have both tumor-promoting and -inhibiting properties. We examined the association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in IL-10-1082G/A (rs1800896) in Sudanese acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and to assess the association between polymorphisms in IL-10 -1082G/A (rs1800896) and the hematological profile in Sudanese patients with AML. Methods: A total of 30 patients with acute myeloid leukemia and 30 control subjects were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were collected from all patients in EDTA containing tubes. Genomic DNA was extracted from all blood samples using salting out method. The genotypic variants of IL-10 (-1082G/A) polymorphism were detected by allele specific-PCR. Results: We found that (36.7%) of patients have homogenous GG genotype, (43.3%) have heterogeneous GA genotype and (20.0%) have AA genotype. GA genotype was significantly associated with higher risk of AML compared with the homozygous Genotypes (GG and AA), there is no association between IL-10 (-1082G/A) polymorphism and AML sub-type, gender, age group, mean of hematological parameters. Conclusion: Our study concluded that GA genotype of IL-10 -1082G/A (rs1800896) polymorphism is a risk factor for AML and G allele is insignificantly higher than A allele in AML patient. No association between IL-10 (-1082G/A) polymorphism and AML sub-type, gender, age group, mean of hematological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia Mohamed Sharif
- Department of Haematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Rosline Hassan
- Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Ayman Hussien Mohmed
- Hematology and Blood Banking Unit, Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA
| | - Ibrahim Khider Ibrahim
- Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Department of Haematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
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Kang J, Liu CH, Lee CN, Li HY, Yang CW, Huang SC, Lin SY, Jou TS. Novel Interleukin-10 Gene Polymorphism Is Linked to Gestational Diabetes in Taiwanese Population. Front Genet 2019; 10:89. [PMID: 30873205 PMCID: PMC6401599 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The association of interleukin-10 (IL-10) polymorphism with diabetes and its complication was recently established, while there were few researches considering the potential role of IL-10 in gestational diabetes (GDM). This study aimed to investigate the association between IL-10 gene rs1800896 (−1082 A/G), rs1800871 (−819 T/C), rs1800872 (−592 A/C), and rs3021094 (3388 A/C) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and GDM susceptibility. Methods: This study included 72 GDM patients and 100 healthy pregnant women. Direct sequencing of the products from polymerase chain reactions of the extracted genomic DNA from study subjects were conducted for analyzing IL-10 gene polymorphism and further genotype frequencies were compared. Plasma IL-10 concentration was measured by ELISA method. Results: The results revealed no significant difference in −592 A/C, −819 T/C, and −1082 A/G genotypes. Significantly increased prevalence of A allele (P = 0.028, OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.081–2.64) and A/A genotype (P = 0.031, OR = 2.881, 95% CI = 1.145–7.250) at a previously un-characterized rs3021094 SNP were discovered in the GDM group. Increased IL-10 levels and insulin resistance were also related to the genotype of rs3021094. The risk of GDM was increased when IL-10 level was over 6.5 pg/ml. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that A allele and A/A genotype of rs3021094 SNP in IL-10 gene were linked to increased risk for GDM, IL-10 plasma level and insulin resistance, which could be potential targets for early screening and detection of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiung Liu
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Nan Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yuan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wen Yang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chien Huang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yu Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzuu-Shuh Jou
- Graduate Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Li Q, He H, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Liu P, Liu Y, Yang C, Song J, Zhang N, Chen Z. Impact of IL-10-1082A/G gene polymorphism on the severity of EV71 infection in Chinese children. Arch Virol 2018; 163:501-508. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3626-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Levoska MA, Cohen JI, Manoli I, Richard Lee CC, Ching SST, Shand J, Tamura D, Kraemer KH, DiGiovanna JJ. Recurrent scarring papulovesicular lesions on sun-exposed skin in a 22-year-old man. J Am Acad Dermatol 2017; 78:637-642. [PMID: 28964535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
KEY TEACHING POINTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Levoska
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Medical Research Scholars Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jeffrey I Cohen
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Irini Manoli
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chyi-Chia Richard Lee
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Steven S T Ching
- Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Jessica Shand
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Deborah Tamura
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kenneth H Kraemer
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - John J DiGiovanna
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Kenney AD, Dowdle JA, Bozzacco L, McMichael TM, St Gelais C, Panfil AR, Sun Y, Schlesinger LS, Anderson MZ, Green PL, López CB, Rosenberg BR, Wu L, Yount JS. Human Genetic Determinants of Viral Diseases. Annu Rev Genet 2017; 51:241-263. [PMID: 28853921 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120116-023425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Much progress has been made in the identification of specific human gene variants that contribute to enhanced susceptibility or resistance to viral diseases. Herein we review multiple discoveries made with genome-wide or candidate gene approaches that have revealed significant insights into virus-host interactions. Genetic factors that have been identified include genes encoding virus receptors, receptor-modifying enzymes, and a wide variety of innate and adaptive immunity-related proteins. We discuss a range of pathogenic viruses, including influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human immunodeficiency virus, human T cell leukemia virus, human papilloma virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, herpes simplex virus, norovirus, rotavirus, parvovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus. Understanding the genetic underpinnings that affect infectious disease outcomes should allow tailored treatment and prevention approaches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Kenney
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; , , ,
| | - James A Dowdle
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA;
| | - Leonia Bozzacco
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Current affiliation: Target Information Group, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York 10591, USA;
| | - Temet M McMichael
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; , , ,
| | - Corine St Gelais
- Center of Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; , , ,
| | - Amanda R Panfil
- Center of Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; , , ,
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; ,
| | - Larry S Schlesinger
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; , , , .,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78227, USA;
| | - Matthew Z Anderson
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; , , ,
| | - Patrick L Green
- Center of Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; , , ,
| | - Carolina B López
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; ,
| | - Brad R Rosenberg
- Program in Immunogenomics, John C. Whitehead Presidential Fellows Program, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Current affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; , , , .,Center of Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; , , ,
| | - Jacob S Yount
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; , , ,
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Krupka JA, Samelska K, Tomasik A, Stelmaszczyk-Emmel A, Pawelec K. Infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome with high lymphocytosis and positive IgM EBV and CMV antibodies in a three-year-old girl. Cent Eur J Immunol 2017; 42:210-2. [PMID: 28860939 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2017.69364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection usually affects preadolescent children or young adults, causing similar clinical presentation. Signs and symptoms are typically mild, and the majority of clinical and laboratory findings resolve spontaneously within one month after onset. In adulthood, the risk of fulminant EBV infection and severe complications is much higher, which may be related to increasing memory CD8+ T-cell population with age. It is still not clear what exactly triggers T-cell clonal proliferation. Animals model studies on heterologous immunity between viruses revealed that pre-existing memory T-cells may contribute to excessive immune response during subsequent infection with a new, unrelated pathogen. A 3.5-year-old girl was admitted to hospital with a suspicion of lymphoproliferative disorder. Peripheral blood smear revealed a massive lymphocytosis (61,600 cells/µl) with 62% share of atypical lymphocytes. The clinical presentation and positive EBV and CMV IgM test strongly suggested infectious mononucleosis syndrome as a result of EBV and CMV coinfection.
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Liu D, Wang Y, Dong M, Guan S, Wang Y, Sun H, Wu N, Li S, Bai J, Chen F, Sun D, Jin Y. Polymorphisms in cytokine genes as prognostic markers in diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients treated with (R)-CHOP. Ann Hematol 2017; 96:227-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-016-2857-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cohen JI, Dropulic L, Hsu AP, Zerbe CS, Krogmann T, Dowdell K, Hornung RL, Lovell J, Hardy N, Hickstein D, Cowen EW, Calvo KR, Pittaluga S, Holland SM. Association of GATA2 Deficiency With Severe Primary Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Infection and EBV-associated Cancers. Clin Infect Dis 2016; 63:41-7. [PMID: 27169477 PMCID: PMC4901862 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciw160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most patients infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are asymptomatic, have nonspecific symptoms, or have self-limiting infectious mononucleosis. EBV, however, may result in severe primary disease or cancer. METHODS We report EBV diseases associated with GATA2 deficiency at one institution and describe the hematology, virology, and cytokine findings. RESULTS Seven patients with GATA2 deficiency developed severe EBV disease. Three presented with EBV infectious mononucleosis requiring hospitalization, 1 had chronic active EBV disease (B-cell type), 1 had EBV-associated hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoma with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and 2 had EBV-positive smooth muscle tumors. Four of the 7 patients had severe warts and 3 had disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. All of the patients had low numbers of monocytes, B cells, CD4 T cells, and natural killer cells. All had elevated levels of EBV in the blood; 2 of 3 patients tested had expression of the EBV major immediate-early gene in the blood indicative of active EBV lytic infection. Mean plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interferon γ, and interferon gamma-induced protein 10 were higher in patients with GATA2 deficiency than in controls. CONCLUSIONS GATA2 is the first gene associated with EBV hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoma. GATA2 deficiency should be considered in patients with severe primary EBV infection or EBV-associated cancer, especially in those with disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial disease and warts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amy P Hsu
- Laboratorie of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
| | - Christa S Zerbe
- Laboratorie of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
| | | | | | - Ronald L Hornung
- Clinical Services Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Maryland
| | - Jana Lovell
- Laboratorie of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
| | - Nancy Hardy
- Laboratorie of Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch
| | - Dennis Hickstein
- Laboratorie of Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch
| | - Edward W Cowen
- Laboratorie of Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research
| | - Katherine R Calvo
- Hematology Section, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda
| | | | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratorie of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
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Beltra JC, Decaluwe H. Cytokines and persistent viral infections. Cytokine 2016; 82:4-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Sousa H, Mesquita L, Ribeiro J, Catarino R, Breda E, Medeiros R. Polymorphisms in host immune response associated genes and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma development in Portugal. Immunobiology 2016; 221:145-52. [PMID: 26391153 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host genetic susceptibility markers in immune response associated genes may contribute to identify individuals with high risk of developing viral infection and viral-associated cancers. We aimed to characterize different polymorphisms in immune response associated genes and evaluate its association with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) development. METHODS We have developed a hospital-based case-control study selecting 134 patients with NPC (cases) and 732 healthy individuals (controls) from the Northern Region of Portugal. Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were selected: -56C>T IFNGR1 (rs2234711), +4854G>T IL1A (rs17561), +3954C>T IL1B (rs1143634), +1902A>G IL4RA (rs1801275), -1082G>A IL10 (rs1800896), +2018T>C IL1RN (rs419598), HLA-A locus A>T (rs2530388), HCGA9 locus A>T (rs6457110). All polymorphisms were analysed by real-time methodology using TaqMan(®) SNP Genotyping Assays. RESULTS The overall analysis revealed no statistical significant differences between genotypes distributions in all of studied polymorphisms (p>0.05). However, the results for HCGA9 rs6457110 polymorphism showed a tendency for an increased risk of NPC development among TT carriers with an almost of 2-fold increased risk (OR=1.86; 95%CI 1.00-3.65). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to characterize these polymorphisms in NPC patients in Portugal. Our study indicates that HCGA9 rs6457110 polymorphism might represent a risk marker for NPC development in our population and that other SNPs should be further studied in larger populations to clarify the evidences. This data reinforces the need for more studies, especially in NPC low-prevalent populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Sousa
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group (CI-IPOP), Rua Dr. António Bernardino Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Virology Service, Rua Dr. António Bernardino Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Letícia Mesquita
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group (CI-IPOP), Rua Dr. António Bernardino Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Ribeiro
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group (CI-IPOP), Rua Dr. António Bernardino Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Virology Service, Rua Dr. António Bernardino Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Research Department, Portuguese League against Cancer (Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro - Núcleo Regional do Norte), Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Catarino
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group (CI-IPOP), Rua Dr. António Bernardino Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Breda
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group (CI-IPOP), Rua Dr. António Bernardino Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Otorhinolaryngology Service, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto Porto FG EPE, Rua Dr. António Bernardino Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group (CI-IPOP), Rua Dr. António Bernardino Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Virology Service, Rua Dr. António Bernardino Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Research Department, Portuguese League against Cancer (Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro - Núcleo Regional do Norte), Porto, Portugal
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Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is arguably one of the most successful pathogens of humans, persistently infecting over ninety percent of the world's population. Despite this high frequency of carriage, the virus causes apparently few adverse effects in the vast majority of infected individuals. Nevertheless, the potent growth transforming ability of EBV means the virus has the potential to cause malignancies in infected individuals. Indeed, EBV is thought to cause 1% of human malignancies, equating to 200,000 malignancies each year. A clear factor as to why virus-induced disease is relatively infrequent in healthy infected individuals is the presence of a potent immune response to EBV, in particular, that mediated by T cells. Thus, patient groups with immunodeficiencies or whose cellular immune response is suppressed have much higher frequencies of EBV-induced disease and, in at least some cases, these diseases can be controlled by restoration of the T-cell compartment. In this chapter, we will primarily review the role the αβ subset of T cells in the control of EBV in healthy and diseased individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Hislop
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Graham S Taylor
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between cytokine gene polymorphisms and Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) in children, and to further reveal the possible mechanisms of EBV-HLH. METHODS Forty-one patients with EBV-HLH, 70 patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM), and 170 EBV-seropositive healthy children were evaluated. Gene polymorphism typing was performed by a polymerase chain reaction with a sequence-specific primer of a commercially available cytokine genotyping kit. Comparison of cytokine gene polymorphisms between EBV-HLH, IM patients, and healthy controls was analyzed statistically using Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS The frequencies of IL-10-592 C allele or IL-10-592 CC genotype were significantly higher in patients with EBV-HLH than in IM and healthy children (P < 0.001), but no significant difference was observed between IM and healthy children. CONCLUSION IL-10-592 locus gene polymorphism is associated with the development of EBV-HLH in Chinese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University , China
| | - Junhong Ai
- a Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University , China
| | - Zhengde Xie
- a Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University , China
| | - Qiang Qin
- b Department of Infection , Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University , China
| | - Lingyan Wu
- a Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University , China
| | - Yali Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University , China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University , China
| | - Kunling Shen
- b Department of Infection , Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University , China
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15
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Pastuszczak M, Jakiela B, Jaworek AK, Wypasek E, Zeman J, Wojas-Pelc A. Association of Interleukin-10 promoter polymorphisms with neurosyphilis. Hum Immunol 2015; 76:469-72. [PMID: 26100683 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine. Increased production of IL-10 has been found in late syphilis, presumably creating favorable conditions for bacteria persistence. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the promoter of IL-10 gene have been found to influence IL-10 production. We investigated whether SNPs in the IL-10 gene promoter are associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of IL-10 and neurosyphilis. Polymorphisms in the gene for IL-10 (G→A mutation at the position -1084 and C→A mutation at the position -592) were sought in 35 patients with syphilis and 24 healthy volunteers. CSF examination (i.e. routine laboratory tests and IL-10 levels) was performed in all syphilis patients. Neurosyphilis was defined as reactive CSF VDRL test or CSF white blood cells⩾5/μL and CSF protein concentration⩾45mg/dL. Overall, 31% of patients with syphilis had neurosyphilis. CSF IL-10 levels were significantly higher in patients with neurosyphilis when compared to those with syphilis but not neurosyphilis. -1082 GG and -592 CC genotypes were significantly associated with higher CSF IL-10 levels. Moreover, these genotypes were found to be more frequent in individuals with neurosyphilis in comparison to those without neurosyphilis. Anti-inflammatory immune response seems to be important in pathogenesis of neurosyphilis. Our data suggest that host-related factors, such as SNPs of immune regulatory genes may influence the susceptibility to neurosyphilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Pastuszczak
- Department of Dermatology, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Bogdan Jakiela
- Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Wypasek
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Cracow, Poland
| | - Jacek Zeman
- Department of Dermatology, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Wojas-Pelc
- Department of Dermatology, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Cracow, Poland
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Jayasooriya S, de Silva TI, Njie-jobe J, Sanyang C, Leese AM, Bell AI, McAulay KA, Yanchun P, Long HM, Dong T, Whittle HC, Rickinson AB, Rowland-Jones SL, Hislop AD, Flanagan KL. Early virological and immunological events in asymptomatic Epstein-Barr virus infection in African children. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004746. [PMID: 25816224 PMCID: PMC4376400 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection often occurs in early childhood and is asymptomatic. However, if delayed until adolescence, primary infection may manifest as acute infectious mononucleosis (AIM), a febrile illness characterised by global CD8+ T-cell lymphocytosis, much of it reflecting a huge expansion of activated EBV-specific CD8+ T-cells. While the events of AIM have been intensely studied, little is known about how these relate to asymptomatic primary infection. Here Gambian children (14-18 months old, an age at which many acquire the virus) were followed for the ensuing six months, monitoring circulating EBV loads, antibody status against virus capsid antigen (VCA) and both total and virus-specific CD8+ T-cell numbers. Many children were IgG anti-VCA-positive and, though no longer IgM-positive, still retained high virus loads comparable to AIM patients and had detectable EBV-specific T-cells, some still expressing activation markers. Virus loads and the frequency/activation status of specific T-cells decreased over time, consistent with resolution of a relatively recent primary infection. Six children with similarly high EBV loads were IgM anti-VCA-positive, indicating very recent infection. In three of these donors with HLA types allowing MHC-tetramer analysis, highly activated EBV-specific T-cells were detectable in the blood with one individual epitope response reaching 15% of all CD8+ T-cells. That response was culled and the cells lost activation markers over time, just as seen in AIM. However, unlike AIM, these events occurred without marked expansion of total CD8+ numbers. Thus asymptomatic EBV infection in children elicits a virus-specific CD8+ T-cell response that can control the infection without over-expansion; conversely, in AIM it appears the CD8 over-expansion, rather than virus load per se, is the cause of disease symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamanthi Jayasooriya
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Thushan I. de Silva
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
- Department of Infection and Immunity, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Chilel Sanyang
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Alison M. Leese
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew I. Bell
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Karen A. McAulay
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Peng Yanchun
- The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Heather M. Long
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Tao Dong
- The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hilton C. Whittle
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alan B. Rickinson
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah L. Rowland-Jones
- Nuffied Department of Medicine, NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D. Hislop
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Katie L. Flanagan
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Commercial Road, Prahran, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is usually acquired silently early in life and carried thereafter as an asymptomatic infection of the B lymphoid system. However, many circumstances disturb the delicate EBV-host balance and cause the virus to display its pathogenic potential. Thus, primary infection in adolescence can manifest as infectious mononucleosis (IM), as a fatal illness that magnifies the immunopathology of IM in boys with the X-linked lymphoproliferative disease trait, and as a chronic active disease leading to life-threatening hemophagocytosis in rare cases of T or natural killer (NK) cell infection. Patients with primary immunodeficiencies affecting the NK and/or T cell systems, as well as immunosuppressed transplant recipients, handle EBV infections poorly, and many are at increased risk of virus-driven B-lymphoproliferative disease. By contrast, a range of other EBV-positive malignancies of lymphoid or epithelial origin arise in individuals with seemingly intact immune systems through mechanisms that remain to be understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham S Taylor
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom; , , , ,
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Özgüler M, Akbulut HH, Akbulut A. Evaluation of Interleukin-10 Levels in Patients Diagnosed with Chronic Hepatitis. W INDIAN MED J 2015; 64:71-5. [PMID: 26360676 DOI: 10.7727/wimj.2014.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE One of the most important factors playing a role in chronic hepatitis B pathogenesis is cytokine release and one of the cytokines with anti-inflammatory characteristic is interleukin-10 (IL-10). The aim of the present study is to examine IL-10 levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sixty-three patients with chronic hepatitis B disease who had not received any antiviral treatment were included in the study. Serum IL-10 level was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. In the control group, 25 healthy individuals with mean age similar to the patient population were included. Control and patient groups were compared and data were statistically analysed. RESULTS Interleukin-10 levels of 25 patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels between 2000 and 20 000 IU/mL were compared with those of 25 subjects in the control group, and the level in the chronic hepatitis B group was statistically significantly higher (p < 0.05). Interleukin-10 levels of 38 patients with HBV DNA > 20 000 IU/mL were statistically significantly higher than those in the control group. When chronic hepatitis B patients were compared among themselves, IL-10 levels increased as HBV DNA levels increased. Also, when IL-10 levels of hepatitis B 'e' antigen (HBeAg) positive patients were compared with those of HBeAg negative patients, the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION It is believed that decreasing IL-10 levels by various methods would have significant contributions in disease progression and treatment. Moreover, IL-10 level may be an important marker in HBeAg seroconversion and evaluation of treatment response.
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Oduor CI, Chelimo K, Ouma C, Mulama DH, Foley J, Vulule J, Bailey JA, Moormann AM. Interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 gene promoter polymorphisms and risk of endemic Burkitt lymphoma. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2014; 91:649-54. [PMID: 25071000 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-10 in endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) may facilitate tumorigenesis by providing a permissive cytokine milieu. Promoter polymorphisms influence interindividual differences in cytokine production. We hypothesized that children genetically predisposed for elevated cytokine levels may be more susceptible to eBL. Using case-control samples from western Kenya consisting of 117 eBL cases and 88 ethnically matched healthy controls, we tested for the association between eBL risk and IL-10 (rs1800896, rs1800871, and rs1800872) and IL-6 (rs1800795) promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as well as IL-10 promoter haplotypes. In addition, the association between these variants and Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) load was examined. Results showed that selected IL-10 and IL-6 promoter SNPs and IL-10 promoter haplotypes were not associated with risk eBL or EBV levels in EBV-seropositive children. Findings from this study reveal that common variants within the IL-10 and IL-6 promoters do not independently increase eBL risk in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cliff I Oduor
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya; Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Division of Transfusion, and Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Kiprotich Chelimo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya; Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Division of Transfusion, and Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Collins Ouma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya; Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Division of Transfusion, and Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - David H Mulama
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya; Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Division of Transfusion, and Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Joslyn Foley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya; Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Division of Transfusion, and Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - John Vulule
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya; Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Division of Transfusion, and Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Jeffrey A Bailey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya; Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Division of Transfusion, and Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Ann M Moormann
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya; Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Division of Transfusion, and Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
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20
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Bai H, Jing D, Guo A, Yin S. Association between interleukin 10 gene polymorphisms and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Chinese population. J Int Med Res 2014; 42:702-10. [PMID: 24758873 DOI: 10.1177/0300060513505813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the relationship between the interleukin 10 ( IL10) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) −1082 G/A (rs1800896), −819 T/C (rs1800871) and −592 A/C (rs1800872) and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Chinese population. Methods This case–control study recruited patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy control subjects. Genotyping of the −1082 G/A (rs1800896), −819 T/C (rs1800871) and −592 A/C (rs1800872) SNPs was conducted and genotype frequencies were compared between the two groups. Results The study recruited 364 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 677 healthy controls. Patients carrying the −1082 GG genotype had a significantly increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03, 2.68), as did those patients carrying the −592 AA genotype (adjusted OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.06, 2.53). Subjects carrying both the −1082 GA + GG and −592 AC + AA genotypes had a significantly increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (adjusted OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.24, 3.15). Conclusions The SNPs −1082G/A and −592 A/C increased the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus, and could be potential targets for screening for the early detection of the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Bai
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Danqing Jing
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Aitao Guo
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Shinan Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
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21
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Rostgaard K, Wohlfahrt J, Hjalgrim H. A Genetic Basis for Infectious Mononucleosis: Evidence From a Family Study of Hospitalized Cases in Denmark. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 58:1684-9. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciu204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Akay E, Patel M, Conibear T, Chaggar T, Haque T. Interleukin 28B gene polymorphisms and Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases. Intervirology 2014; 57:112-5. [PMID: 24480970 DOI: 10.1159/000357326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the interleukin (IL) 28B gene encoding a type III interferon (IFN-λ) are the most important genetic predictors of treatment response to hepatitis C virus (HCV). This retrospective study was undertaken to determine any association between IL28B SNPs and the development of viraemia in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven acute infectious mononucleosis (IM) and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD). METHODS Genomic DNA extracted from plasma from 45 EBV seropositive controls and 46 acute IM, 23 non-PTLD (transplant) and 21 PTLD patients was tested by PCR for 2 SNPs within IL28B. EBV DNA levels were tested in IM and PTLD samples by a real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS No significant differences were seen in SNP frequencies at rs12979860 and rs8099917 in IM and PTLD patients compared to EBV seropositive controls and transplant patients. EBV DNA levels were lower in IM and PTLD patients with CC (a favourable genotype in HCV) at rs12979860 compared to non-CC genotypes (p = 0.055). Acute IM patients with CC had significantly lower levels of EBV DNA in plasma compared to those with non-CC genotypes (p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Genotype CC may influence anti-viral responses of IFN-λ, thereby allowing better control of EBV viraemia during lymphoproliferation, particularly in IM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ela Akay
- Department of Virology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
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24
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Xue M, Chen KJ, Ma XJ, Liu JG, Jiang YR, Miao Y, Yin HJ. [Effects of Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid on hemorheology in patients with blood-stasis syndrome due to coronary disease and their relationship with human platelet antigen-3 polymorphism]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 7:1052-6. [PMID: 18990338 DOI: 10.3736/jcim20091106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine for resolving stagnation, on hemorheology in the patients with blood-stasis syndrome due to coronary disease and their relationship with human platelet antigen-3 (HPA-3) polymorphism of membrane glycoprotein IIb (GPIIb). METHODS Thirty-two patients with blood-stasis syndrome due to coronary disease were selected in this study. Blood-stasis syndrome scoring was performed and hemorheological parameters were measured in all subjects before and after Xuefu Zhuyu Qral Liquid treatment. The genotypes of GPIIb HPA-3 were determined by TaqMan probe technology. RESULTS The hemorheology was improved in the patients with blood-stasis syndrome due to coronary heart disease after the treatment. There were significant differences in the whole blood viscosity, deformation index of red blood cells and scores of blood-stasis syndrome between the patients carrying AC plus CC and the patients carrying AA after the treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid can improve clinical symptoms and hemorheology in the patients with blood-stasis syndrome due to coronary heart disease, which is related to GPIIb HPA-3 polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Xue
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
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25
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Abstract
Symptomatic primary Epstein-Barr virus infection is known more commonly as infectious mononucleosis, an illness known for afflicting adolescents and younger adults as a febrile illness accompanied by pharyngitis and lymphadenopathy. Historically believed to be generally benign, infectious mononucleosis has been linked more recently to increased risks of developing Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple sclerosis. Advances in the understanding of host immune responses to Epstein-Barr virus have begun to elucidate the reasons why younger children typically experience subclinical infection whereas older individuals develop infectious mononucleosis. This review will highlight recent advances in the understanding of primary Epstein-Barr virus infection, and whether prospective treatments or vaccine strategies may affect native infection and its sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Auwaerter
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 1830 East Monument Street, #449, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Richter K, Perriard G, Behrendt R, Schwendener RA, Sexl V, Dunn R, Kamanaka M, Flavell RA, Roers A, Oxenius A. Macrophage and T cell produced IL-10 promotes viral chronicity. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003735. [PMID: 24244162 PMCID: PMC3820745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic viral infections lead to CD8+ T cell exhaustion, characterized by impaired cytokine secretion. Presence of the immune-regulatory cytokine IL-10 promotes chronicity of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV) Clone 13 infection, while absence of IL-10/IL-10R signaling early during infection results in viral clearance and higher percentages and numbers of antiviral, cytokine producing T cells. IL-10 is produced by several cell types during LCMV infection but it is currently unclear which cellular sources are responsible for induction of viral chronicity. Here, we demonstrate that although dendritic cells produce IL-10 and overall IL-10 mRNA levels decrease significantly in absence of CD11c+ cells, absence of IL-10 produced by CD11c+ cells failed to improve the LCMV-specific T cell response and control of LCMV infection. Similarly, NK cell specific IL-10 deficiency had no positive impact on the LCMV-specific T cell response or viral control, even though high percentages of NK cells produced IL-10 at early time points after infection. Interestingly, we found markedly improved T cell responses and clearance of normally chronic LCMV Clone 13 infection when either myeloid cells or T cells lacked IL-10 production and mice depleted of monocytes/macrophages or CD4+ T cells exhibited reduced overall levels of IL-10 mRNA. These data suggest that the decision whether LCMV infection becomes chronic or can be cleared critically depends on early CD4+ T cell and monocyte/macrophage produced IL-10. Chronic viral infections like Hepatitis B and C Virus (HBV and HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in humans affect more than 500 million people worldwide. While a robust T cell response is a hallmark of many acute infections one hurdle inhibiting the clearance of chronic viral infections is that the immune-suppressive cytokine IL-10 modulates the virus-host balance towards induction of T cell dysfunction. IL-10 is produced by several cell types during chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV) infection but it is currently unclear which cellular sources are responsible to promote viral chronicity. Here, we demonstrate that T cell responses improved markedly, and that normally chronic LCMV Clone 13 infection could be cleared when either myeloid cells or T cells lacked IL-10 production. Furthermore, mice depleted of monocytes/macrophages or CD4+ T cells exhibited reduced overall levels of IL-10 mRNA. These data suggest that the decision whether LCMV infection becomes chronic or can be cleared critically depends on CD4+ T cell and monocyte/macrophage produced IL-10 early during the establishment of viral chronicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rayk Behrendt
- Institute of Immunology, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Reto A. Schwendener
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna,Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Dunn
- Biogen Idec, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Masahito Kamanaka
- Department of Immunobiology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Richard A. Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Axel Roers
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annette Oxenius
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Minnicelli C, Barros MH, Klumb CE, Romano SO, Zalcberg IR, Hassan R. Relationship of Epstein-Barr virus and interleukin 10 promoter polymorphisms with the risk and clinical outcome of childhood Burkitt lymphoma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46005. [PMID: 23029361 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an important environmental factor associated to the development of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) in endemic and intermediate risk regions. However, little is known about the contribution of genetic constitution to the development and clinical response of the disease. The aim of this work was to investigate the role of EBV and Interleukin 10 (IL10) single nucleotide polymorphisms (-1082A/G, -819C/T, -592C/A) and microsatellites (IL10.R and IL10.G) in susceptibility and clinical outcome in pediatric BL patients, in a region with intermediate EBV association frequency. The frequencies of IL10 promoter Single nucleotide polymorphisms -1082A/G, -819C/T, -592C/A, and IL10.R and IL10.G microsatellites were compared in 62 pediatric patients and 216 healthy donors. IL10 -1082GG and GCC/GCC genotypes were more frequent in patients than in controls, and associated to a higher risk of BL development (GG genotype OR 2.62, 95% CI, 1.25-5.51; P = 0.008; Pc = 0.024). EBV was detected in tumor samples by EBER-ISH in 54.1% of cases. EBV+ patients exhibited a better event free survival (EFS) (P = 0.019) than EBV- patients. Carriers of IL10 R3-GCC had worse EFS (P = 0.028). Our results suggest a risk effect and an independent prognostic value of IL10 polymorphisms and EBV in childhood BL patients.
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Ichinose K, Origuchi T, Tashiro N, Kawashiri SY, Iwamoto N, Fujikawa K, Aramaki T, Arima K, Tamai M, Yamasaki S, Nakamura H, Moriuchi H, Kawakami A. An elderly patient with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection with mixed cryoglobulinemia and review of the literature. Mod Rheumatol 2012; 23:1022-8. [PMID: 22895834 DOI: 10.1007/s10165-012-0731-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A 76-year-old woman was diagnosed with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection (CAEBV) with sustained fever, anemia, numbness of the lower limbs, and liver dysfunction. The patient had an unusual anti-EBV antibody profile and high viral load, positive rheumatoid factor, and cryoglobulinemia. She suffered from recurrent hemosputum with pleural effusion and thrombocytopenia caused by CAEBV infection, and she died in July 2008. Here, we present a rare case of CAEBV infection with cryoglobulinemia in an elderly patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiro Ichinose
- Department of Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan,
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Kasztelewicz B, Jankowska I, Pawłowska J, Teisseyre J, Dzierżanowska-Fangrat K. The impact of cytokine gene polymorphisms on Epstein-Barr virus infection outcome in pediatric liver transplant recipients. J Clin Virol 2012; 55:226-32. [PMID: 22841751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with most cases of the post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders developed during the first year after transplantation. The high EBV DNA load constitutes a major risk for the development of EBV-related lymphoproliferations. However, among transplant recipients there are patients with a chronically high viral load (CHVL) who do not develop lymphoproliferations. The polymorphism within cytokine genes might influence the susceptibility to, and contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic polymorphism in the selected cytokines with regard to EBV infection outcome in children after liver transplantation (LTx). STUDY DESIGN Thirteen cytokine/cytokine receptor polymorphisms were genotyped in 170 children after LTx, and related to: EBV DNAemia, CHVL onset and the length of CHVL carriage. RESULTS The study revealed: the protective effect of rare homozygous and heterozygous IL-1β-511 and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RN VNTR) genotypes against viremia within the first year after LTx (OR=0.28, p=0.0007 and OR=0.35, p=0.009, respectively); the protective effect of CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2)+1543CT and TT genotypes against CHVL onset (OR=0.38, p=0.042); and the prolonged CHVL-resolution in IL12B 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) AC individuals (p=0.034). CONCLUSIONS This data suggests that carriage of IL-1β-511CT/TT and/or IL-1RN VNTR 1.2/2.2 genotype may be beneficial for combating EBV infection. This is the first study reporting the association of CCL2 and IL12B gene polymorphisms with the CHVL carriage in pediatric LTx recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Kasztelewicz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04 730 Warsaw, Poland.
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Nakai H, Kawamura Y, Sugata K, Sugiyama H, Enomoto Y, Asano Y, Ihira M, Ohashi M, Kato T, Yoshikawa T. Host factors associated with the kinetics of Epstein-Barr virus DNA load in patients with primary Epstein-Barr virus infection. Microbiol Immunol 2012; 56:93-8. [PMID: 22150751 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2011.00410.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to elucidate the kinetics of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load in serially collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with primary EBV infection, and to determine the correlated host factors. Blood samples were collected from 24 patients with primary EBV infection. EBV DNA copy numbers were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Based on the kinetics of EBV DNA load, the 24 patients were divided into two groups: rapid regression and slow regression. Eighteen of the 24 patients (75%) were included in the slow regression and 6 (25%) in the rapid regression group. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in clinical features and laboratory findings. However, acute phase (3 to 10 days after the onset of the illness) serum samples from six children in the slow regression and four in the rapid regression group revealed significantly higher serum interleukin (IL)-1β (P= 0.018), IL-12 (P= 0.009), tumor necrosis factor-α (P= 0.019), interferon-inducible protein 10, and monokine induced by interferon γ concentrations in the rapid regression than the slow regression group. On the other hand, sera from six children in the slow regression and four in the rapid regression group in the convalescent phase (14 to 21 days after the onset of the illness) showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups in these biomarker concentrations. Based on this, it was concluded that the kinetics of EBV DNA load can be divided to two different patterns after primary EBV infection, and immune response might be associated with viral clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Nakai
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
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Li QY, Guo ZZ, Liang J, Zhang W, Xu LM, Gao YQ, Wang XS, Xue DY, Su SB. Interleukin-10 genotype correlated to deficiency syndrome in hepatitis B cirrhosis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2012; 2012:298925. [PMID: 22690243 DOI: 10.1155/2012/298925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome is an important basis for TCM diagnosis and treatment. As Child-Pugh classification as well as compensation and decompensation phase in liver cirrhosis, it is also an underlying clinical classification. In this paper, we investigated the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and TCM syndromes in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis (HBC). Samples were obtained from 343 HBC patients in China. Three SNPs of IL-10 (-592A/C, -819C/T, and -1082A/G) were detected with polymerase chain-reaction-ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR). The result showed the SNP-819C/T was significantly correlated with Deficiency syndrome (P = 0.031), but none of the 3 loci showed correlation either with Child-Pugh classification and phase in HBC patients. The logistic regression analysis showed that the Excess syndrome was associated with dizzy and spider nevus, and the Deficiency syndrome was associated with dry eyes, aversion to cold, IL-10-819C/T loci, and IL-10-1082A/G loci. The odds ratio (OR) value at IL-10-819C/T was 4.022. The research results suggested that IL-10-819C/T locus (TC plus CC genotype) is probably a risk factor in the occurrence of Deficiency syndrome in HBC patients.
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Abstract
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a cytokine with potent anti-inflammatory properties that plays a central role in limiting host immune response to pathogens, thereby preventing damage to the host and maintaining normal tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of IL-10 is associated with enhanced immunopathology in response to infection as well as increased risk for development of many autoimmune diseases. Thus a fundamental understanding of IL-10 gene expression is critical for our comprehension of disease progression and resolution of host inflammatory response. In this review, we discuss modes of regulation of IL-10 gene expression in immune effector cell types, including signal transduction, epigenetics, promoter architecture, and post-transcriptional regulation, and how aberrant regulation contributes to immunopathology and disease progression.
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He JR, Chen LJ, Su Y, Cen YL, Tang LY, Yu DD, Chen WQ, Wang SM, Song EW, Ren ZF. Joint effects of Epstein-Barr virus and polymorphisms in interleukin-10 and interferon-γ on breast cancer risk. J Infect Dis 2011; 205:64-71. [PMID: 22095765 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jir710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and breast cancer (BC) is controversial. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) are believed to play a critical role in the host's responses to EBV infection, and their genetic variations may modify the association of EBV with BC risk. METHODS We examined serum levels of EBV viral capsid antigen (VCA) immunoglobulin A (IgA) and nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) IgA along with the polymorphisms of IL-10 rs1800871 and IFN-γ rs2069705 in 354 incident BC cases and 504 age-matched controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS VCA IgA and EBNA-1 IgA levels were positively associated with BC risk. IL-10 rs1800871 (TC/CC) was associated with a reduced BC risk (OR, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.55-1.00]) but had no interaction with EBV infection on BC risk. IFN-γ rs2069705 was not directly associated with BC risk but interacted with EBNA-1 IgA on BC risk. Among women with the CC genotype, EBNA-1 IgA seropositivity significantly increased the risk of BC compared to EBNA-1 IgA seronegativity (OR, 5.14 [95% CI, 1.76-14.98]). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that EBV may contribute to the risk of BC and that this contribution may be modified by genetic variations in IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Rong He
- The School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Munro LR, Johnston PW, Marshall NA, Canning SJ, Hewitt SG, Tveita K, Vickers MA. Polymorphisms in the Interleukin-10 and Interferon Gamma Genes in Hodgkin Lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2011; 44:2083-8. [PMID: 14959851 DOI: 10.1080/1042819031000119316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors are known to be important in the development of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion by both malignant and reactive cells is thought to be important in the pathogenesis of HL especially Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive cases. Polymorphisms of the IL-10 gene have been reported to be associated with susceptibility to EBV infection. The cytotoxic response to EBV is determined by a Th1 biased immune response which is characterised by interferon gamma (IFNgamma) secretion. We therefore investigated polymorphisms in the IL-10 (-1082 G/A and -592 C/A) and IFNgamma (intron 1 CA repeat) genes as predisposing factors in the development 147 cases of HL. A difference of borderline statistical significance was demonstrated for the IFNgamma gene polymorphism but significance was lost when analysis was restricted to the common genotypes. No significant differences in the distributions of genotypes were found for the IL-10 gene polymorphisms. IL-10 and IFNgamma levels were also measured on 26 patients with HL. No statistically significant differences were detected when the results were analysed by genotype. We found little evidence IL-10 and IFNgamma genotypes predispose to the development of HL or influence the inflammatory host response.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Munro
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, Scotland, UK.
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Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a major global health concern with more than 30 million individuals currently infected worldwide. To date, attempts to stimulate protective immunity to viral components of HIV have been unsuccessful in preventing or clearing infection. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is an established murine model of persistent viral infection that has been instrumental in illuminating several critical aspects of antiviral immunity. Although virologically the course of LCMV infection differs significantly from HIV, the immune responses and regulatory mechanisms elicited by these two viruses are markedly similar. In this review we discuss important recent findings in the LCMV model, highlighting the role of host-derived proteins in shaping immune responses to persistent infections, and explore the therapeutic potential of manipulating these pathways to enhance HIV vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth B Wilson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics and the UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Zhang TC, Pan FM, Zhang LZ, Gao YF, Zhang ZH, Gao J, Ge R, Mei Y, Shen BB, Duan ZH, Li X. A meta-analysis of the relation of polymorphism at sites -1082 and -592 of the IL-10 gene promoter with susceptibility and clearance to persistent hepatitis B virus infection in the Chinese population. Infection 2011; 39:21-7. [PMID: 21246248 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-010-0075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to now, many publications about the Chinese population have evaluated the correlation between interleukin-10 (IL-10) -1082 and -592 polymorphisms and persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, the results remain inconclusive. In order to resolve this conflict, a meta-analysis was performed. METHODS Seven studies were included and dichotomous data are presented as the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS The results of our study suggest that carriers of the IL-10 -592A allele were more likely to clear HBV spontaneously in the Chinese pooled population (A vs. C: OR = 0.799, 95% CI = 0.678-0.941, P = 0.007; AC vs. AA: OR = 1.343, 95% CI = 1.017-1.684, P = 0.011; AA vs. AC + CC: OR = 0.736, 95% CI = 0.594-0.912; AA + AC vs. CC: OR = 0.588, 95% CI = 0.408-0.848, P = 0.004) and the IL-10 -1082A allele was associated with significantly reduced persistent HBV infection risk in Chinese (A vs. G: OR = 0.701, 95% CI = 0.494-0.996, P = 0.047; AA vs. GG + GA: OR = 0.684, 95% CI = 0.476-0.982, P = 0.040). CONCLUSIONS Persistent HBV infection susceptibility is associated with the gene polymorphism IL-10 -1082GA in the Chinese population and the clearance of HBV is associated with the gene polymorphism IL-10 -592CA in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-C Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Academy of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sabat
- Interdisciplinary Group of Molecular Immunopathology, Dermatology/Medical Immunology, University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany.
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Abstract
The immune system has evolved multipronged responses that are critical to effectively defend the body from invading pathogens and to clear infection. However, the same weapons employed to eradicate infection can have caustic effects on normal bystander cells. Therefore, tight regulation is vital and the host must balance engendering correct and sufficient immune responses to pathogens while limiting errant and excessive immunopathology. To accomplish this task, a complex network of positive and negative immune signals are delivered, which in most instances successfully eliminate the pathogen. However, in response to some viral infections, immune function is rapidly suppressed leading to viral persistence. Immune suppression is a critical obstacle to the control of many persistent viral infections such as HIV, hepatitis C, and hepatitis B virus, which together affect more than 500 million individuals worldwide. Thus, the ability to therapeutically enhance immunity is a potentially powerful approach to resolve persistent infections. The host-derived cytokine IL-10 is a key player in the establishment and perpetuation of viral persistence. This chapter discusses the role of IL-10 in viral persistence and explores the exciting prospect of therapeutically blocking IL-10 to increase antiviral immunity and vaccine efficacy.
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Farouk S, Salih MA, Musa AM, Blackwell JM, Miller EN, Khalil EA, Elhassan AM, Ibrahim ME, Mohamed HS. Interleukin 10 gene polymorphisms and development of post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in a selected sudanese population. Public Health Genomics 2009; 13:362-7. [PMID: 20051670 PMCID: PMC2951725 DOI: 10.1159/000272457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2009] [Accepted: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a cutaneous form of disease that develops at variable times after individuals have received treatment for clinical visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The study aimed to investigate the possible role of interleukin 10 (IL−10) and development of PKDL. Methods 77 families composed of 41 complete case-parent trios and 36 case-parent pairs from the Masalit ethnic group were genotyped for 3 IL10 promoter polymorphisms: −1082A/G, −819C/T and −592C/A. Results Single point analysis using the transmission disequilibrium test showed no evidence of association between any of these IL10 promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and development of PKDL. Haplotype analysis performed using TRANSMIT showed borderline significance between PKDL and the haplotype AA across −592C/A and −1082A/G (p = 0.053). Haplotypes GCC (0.33) and ATA (0.30) were the common haplotypes in this Sudanese population. Allele frequencies for the 3 SNPs differed significantly in Sudan compared to other African (Gambian, Malawian, YRI) populations. Conclusion There is no evidence for an association between 3 SNPs in the IL10 gene promoter and susceptibility to PKDL in the Masalit ethnic group in Sudan, although some evidence for haplotype association was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Farouk
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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Jiang ZL, Zhang W, Zhang H, Liu YB, Su SB. Relationship between TNF-α, TGF-β1 and IL-10 genetic polymorphisms and post-hepatitis B cirrhosis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2009; 17:3263-3268. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v17.i31.3263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) genes and post-hepatitis B cirrhosis in the Shanghai Chinese population.
METHODS: The TNF-α-308G/A, TGF-β1-509T/C and IL-10-592A/C SNPs were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in combination with sequence analysis in 169 patients with post-hepatitis B cirrhosis and 119 healthy controls. The genotypes and allele frequency distribution of these SNPs were then analyzed.
RESULTS: TNF-α-308 GG genotype and G allele frequency in patients with post-hepatitis B cirrhosis were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (P < 0.001, OR > 3). Although there were no significant differences in TGF-β1-509 genotypes between post-hepatitis B patients and healthy controls, the T allele frequency was significantly higher in post-hepatitis B patients than in healthy controls (P < 0.05). There were also no significant differences in IL-10-592 genotypes and allele frequencies between post-hepatitis B patients and healthy controls.
CONCLUSION: The TNF-α-308G/A and TGF-β1-509T/C SNPs may be related to the susceptibility to post-hepatitis B cirrhosis.
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McAulay KA, Haque T, Crawford DH. Tumour necrosis factor gene polymorphism: a predictive factor for the development of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease. Br J Cancer 2009; 101:1019-27. [PMID: 19738620 PMCID: PMC2743368 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Epstein–Barr virus-positive post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is a potentially lethal complication of iatrogenic immunosupression after transplantation. Predicting the development of PTLD allowing early and effective intervention is therefore of importance. Polymorphisms within cytokine genes are implicated in susceptibility to, and progression of, disease however the published data are often conflicting. We undertook investigation of polymorphic alleles within cytokine genes in PTLD and non-PTLD transplant cohorts to determine risk factors for disease. Methods: SSP-PCR was used to analyse single nucleotide polymorphism within tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin- 1, -6, -10 and lymphotoxin-α genes. The TNF-α levels were measured by standard enzyme-linked immuno-absorbant assay. Results: We show an association between variant alleles within the TNF-α promoter (−1031C (P=0.005)); −863A (P=0.0001) and TNF receptor I promoter regions (−201T (P=0.02)); −1135C (P=0.03) with the development of PTLD. We also show an association with TNF-α promoter haplotypes with haplotype-3 significantly increased (P=0.0001) and haplotype-1 decreased (P=0.02) in PTLD patients compared to transplant controls. Furthermore, we show a significant increase (P=0.02) in the level of TNF-α in PTLD patient plasma (range 0–97.97 pg ml−1) compared to transplant controls (0–8.147 pg ml−1), with the highest levels found in individuals carrying the variant alleles. Conclusion: We suggest that genetic variation within TNF-α loci and the level of plasma cytokine could be used as a predictive risk factor for the development of PTLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A McAulay
- Clinical and Basic Virology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Summerhall, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, UK.
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Chen S, Zhao W, Tan W, Xu B, Dan Y, Mao Q, Kuang X, Wang Y, Deng G. Association of TBX21 T-1993C polymorphism with viral persistence but not disease progression in hepatitis B virus carriers. Hepatol Res 2009; 39:716-23. [PMID: 19473434 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2009.00503.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM Transcription factor T-bet is responsible for the differentiation of naive T lymphocytes, and its expression level is linked with different responses to some viral infections, including hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In this report we examine whether promoter polymorphisms of the TBX21 gene (encoding T-bet) are associated with susceptibility to HBV persistence or disease progression in chronic HBV carriers. METHODS Three previously reported promoter polymorphisms, T-1993C, T-1514C and G-1499A, were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Two common polymorphisms, T-1993C and T-1514C, were selected for genotyping in 1074 chronic HBV carriers, 310 spontaneously recovered controls and 374 HBV naive controls. Of 1074 HBV carriers, 234 were considered to be asymptomatic carriers and 840 were found to have chronic progressive liver disease including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Haplotypes were constructed for each subject and associations with the susceptibility to persistent HBV infection were estimated by logistic regression. RESULTS The -1993C allele in the TBX21 promoter was significantly more common among chronic HBV carriers compared with recovered controls (chi(2) = 6.65, P = 0.01). In contrast, the frequency of TT haplotype at positions -1993/-1514, was significantly higher in recovered controls than chronic HBV carriers (P = 0.0027, odds ratio = 1.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.16-2.12). In HBV carriers, the TBX21 promoter polymorphisms were not linked to disease progression. CONCLUSION The TBX21 promoter polymorphisms do not appear to be determinant of disease progression in Chinese HBV carriers. The T-1993C polymorphism in the TBX21 promoter influences susceptibility to persistent HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Keijser S, Kurreeman F, de Keizer R, Dogterom-Ballering H, van der Lelij A, Jager M, Nibbering P. IL-10 promotor haplotypes associated with susceptibility to and severity of bacterial corneal ulcers. Exp Eye Res 2009; 88:1124-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2009.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2008] [Revised: 01/22/2009] [Accepted: 01/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Vollmer‐Conna U, Piraino B, Cameron B, Davenport T, Hickie I, Wakefield D, Lloyd A. Cytokine Polymorphisms Have a Synergistic Effect on Severity of the Acute Sickness Response to Infection. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 47:1418-25. [DOI: 10.1086/592967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Hislop AD, Sabbah S. CD8+ T cell immunity to Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus. Semin Cancer Biol 2008; 18:416-22. [PMID: 19007888 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2008.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2008] [Accepted: 10/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Gammaherpesviruses are agents which have evolved to persist within the lymphoid system and many have oncogenic potential; studying gammaherpesvirus infections therefore has the potential to reveal much about the workings of the immune system and the control over viral oncogenesis. The lymphocryptovirus Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and the rhadinovirus Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV, also known as human herpesvirus 8) are the two human gammaherpesviruses. Analysis of the T cell response to EBV has guided understanding of immunity to infection and disease caused by this virus, as well as directed the development of vaccination and therapeutic interventions in EBV-associated disease. Less is known about the T cell response to KSHV and its exact role in controlling virus infection and disease. Here we discuss the CD8+ T cell response to these two gammaherpesviruses.
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Chatterjee A, Rathore A, Sivarama P, Yamamoto N, Dhole TN. Genetic association of IL-10 gene promoter polymorphism and HIV-1 infection in North Indians. J Clin Immunol 2008; 29:71-7. [PMID: 18683035 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-008-9220-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2008] [Accepted: 06/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cytokines play a significant role in host immune defense. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory cytokine that can both stimulate and suppress the immune response and inhibits HIV-1 replication in vivo. Interindividual variations in IL-10 production were genetically contributed to polymorphisms within IL-10 promoter region. AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate the association of IL-10 gene promoter -1082 G/A, -819 C/T, and 592 C/A polymorphism on HIV-1 transmission /progression in North Indian individuals. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 180 HIV-1 seropositive (HSP) stratified on the basis of disease severity (stage I, II, and III), 50 HIV-1 exposed seronegative (HES) and 305 HIV-1 seronegative (HSN) individuals were genotyped for IL-10 gene promoter by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. A suggestive evidence of association was obtained for IL-10 592 C/A promoter polymorphism at the level of allele and genotype distribution. The frequency of IL-10 592 A allele and genotype was significantly increased in HSP compared to HSN (p = 0.013; OR = 1.412 and p = 0.034; OR = 1.685 respectively). Further comparison in between different clinical stages of HIV-1 infected patients of IL-10 592 A allele and genotype revealed a significant increase in its frequency in the stage III compared with those together in stage I (p = 0.004, OR = 2.181 and p = 0.002, OR = 4.156, respectively). This study reports for the first time that IL-10 gene promoter 592 C/A polymorphism may be a risk factor for HIV-1 transmission/progression in HIV-1 infected North Indian individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Chatterjee
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebarelli Road, Lucknow, 226014, India
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Brooks DG, Lee AM, Elsaesser H, McGavern DB, Oldstone MBA. IL-10 blockade facilitates DNA vaccine-induced T cell responses and enhances clearance of persistent virus infection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 205:533-41. [PMID: 18332180 PMCID: PMC2275377 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20071948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic vaccination is a potentially powerful strategy to establish immune control and eradicate persistent viral infections. Large and multifunctional antiviral T cell responses are associated with control of viral persistence; however, for reasons that were mostly unclear, current therapeutic vaccination approaches to restore T cell immunity and control viral infection have been ineffective. Herein, we confirmed that neutralization of the immunosuppressive factor interleukin (IL)-10 stimulated T cell responses and improved control of established persistent lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection. Importantly, blockade of IL-10 also allowed an otherwise ineffective therapeutic DNA vaccine to further stimulate antiviral immunity, thereby increasing T cell responses and enhancing clearance of persistent LCMV replication. We therefore propose that a reason that current therapeutic vaccination strategies fail to resurrect/sustain T cell responses is because they do not alleviate the immunosuppressive environment. Consequently, blocking key suppressive factors could render ineffective vaccines more efficient at improving T cell immunity, and thereby allow immune-mediated control of persistent viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Brooks
- Viral-Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Perskvist N, Skoglund K, Edston E, Bäckström G, Lodestad I, Palm U. TNF-alpha and IL-10 gene polymorphisms versus cardioimmunological responses in sudden infant death. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2008; 27:149-65. [PMID: 18633768 DOI: 10.1080/15513810802077651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesized that genetic variations of cytokines could contribute to the risk of developing a fatal immunological reaction in the heart of infants. Thus, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-10 gene polymorphisms versus induction of cardioimmunologxical responses in victims of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) were explored. We genotyped 35 infants (23 cases of SIDS and 12 infants with a known cause of death), and 100 healthy adult controls for IL-10 -1082 G/A, -592 C/A and TNF-alpha-238 G/A, -308 G/A. We found a higher frequency of the ATA haplotype and ATA/ATA genotype of IL-10 associated with SIDS (13%). The frequency of homozygote infants for IL-10 haplotypes in SIDS was higher (52%) than the control group (34%). All SIDS cases were homozygotice for the TNF-alpha-238 G allele and 20 infants were homozygous for the TNF-alpha-308 G allele in the same group. None of the infants with higher levels of infiltrated T-cells (n=8) was homozygous for IL-10 gene polymorphisms, whereas in contrast 3 cases of the 6 that displayed higher levels of cardiac mast cells were homozygous. In this study, the increased number of interstitial T-cells, mast cells, and macrophages in the myocardial interstitium demonstrated no correlation with the genotype for either cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Perskvist
- National Board of Forensic Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Linköping Division, Linköping , Sweden
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Abstract
Factors involved in determining whether infectious mononucleosis occurs after primary EBV infection may include age, dose of virus received, and various genetic markers. A study by McAulay and colleagues reported in this issue of the JCI shows that the presence of certain HLA class I alleles correlates with the incidence and severity of infectious mononucleosis. These same HLA alleles are also risk factors for EBV-associated Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), supporting recent epidemiology that indicates that a history of infectious mononucleosis predisposes to HL. Recent studies suggest that an EBV vaccine might help to prevent infectious mononucleosis, and further development of this should now be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Farrell
- Department of Virology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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McAulay KA, Higgins CD, Macsween KF, Lake A, Jarrett RF, Robertson FL, Williams H, Crawford DH. HLA class I polymorphisms are associated with development of infectious mononucleosis upon primary EBV infection. J Clin Invest 2007; 117:3042-8. [PMID: 17909631 PMCID: PMC1994627 DOI: 10.1172/jci32377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Accepted: 08/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an immunopathological disease caused by EBV that occurs in young adults and is a risk factor for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). An association between EBV-positive HL and genetic markers in the HLA class I locus has been identified, indicating that genetic differences in the HLA class I locus may alter disease phenotypes associated with EBV infection. To further determine whether HLA class I alleles may affect development of EBV-associated diseases, we analyzed 2 microsatellite markers and 2 SNPs located near the HLA class I locus in patients with acute IM and in asymptomatic EBV-seropositive and -seronegative individuals. Alleles of both microsatellite markers were significantly associated with development of IM. Specific alleles of the 2 SNPs were also significantly more frequent in patients with IM than in EBV-seronegative individuals. IM patients possessing the associated microsatellite allele had fewer lymphocytes and increased neutrophils relative to IM patients lacking the allele. These patients also displayed higher EBV titers and milder IM symptoms. The results of this study indicate that HLA class I polymorphisms may predispose patients to development of IM upon primary EBV infection, suggesting that genetic variation in T cell responses can influence the nature of primary EBV infection and the level of viral persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A McAulay
- Clinical and Basic Virology Laboratory, School of Biomedical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Summerhall, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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