1
|
Yu Z, Liang J, Guo L, Jiang L, Wang JY, Ke M, Shen L, Zhou N, Liu X. Psychosocial Intervention on the Dual-Process Model for a Group of COVID-19 Bereaved Individuals in Wuhan: A Pilot Study. Omega (Westport) 2024; 89:701-717. [PMID: 35341382 PMCID: PMC8958304 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221083067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Wuhan was the first large city where the initial breakout of COVID-19 took numerous lives. A group of social workers and mental health specialists coordinated the "Be Together Program" (BTP), a psychosocial grief intervention program to help a group of Wuhan COVID-19 bereaved people. Under the Dual-process model framework, BTP used the internet and social media as the main tools, combined with group and individual intervention. Additionally, it employed a "Supermarket Mode" with abundant intervention themes and approaches for BTP participants to choose according to their special needs. Additionally, Chinese cultural elements are integrated into the program. At the end of the program, the grief scores of participants in the qualified sample reduced significantly, and the prevalence of the potential Prolonged Grief Disorder diagnosis reduced from 75% to 12%. The study also found that the BTP was especially effective for those who had high levels of grief reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Yu
- School of Sociology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinjun Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Guo
- Zhongshan Huineng Social Work Service Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jian-ying Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Moli Ke
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liao Shen
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningning Zhou
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxian Liu
- Grief Healing Service, Independent Researcher, Westfield, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou Z, Jiang W, Liu M, Xue T, Li X, Jiang Y. The relationship between family resilience, post-traumatic growth, and caregiver burden among family caregivers of stroke survivors: a cross-sectional study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38712657 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2024.2350701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to explore the relationship between family resilience, post-traumatic growth(PTG), and caregiver burden among family caregivers of stroke survivors. Researchers conducted a cross-sectional study to recruit 253 family caregivers of stroke survivors from a public hospital in Shandong Province, China. Caregivers completed sociodemographic information, the Shortened Chinese Version of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale, the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory, and the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview. We used Amos 24.0 to construct structural equation models and examine the mediating effects of stroke survivors' post-traumatic growth. Family resilience was positively associated with post-traumatic growth, and both family resilience and post-traumatic growth were negatively associated with caregiver burden. Post-traumatic growth partially mediated the relationship between family resilience and caregiver burden, and the mediating effect accounted for 21.27% of the total effect. Targeted interventions should address family resilience and post-traumatic growth as protective factors of caregiver burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfeng Zhou
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenbin Jiang
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Meiyan Liu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ting Xue
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao Li
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongmei Jiang
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Stokar YN. Sense of failure in end of life care: Perspectives from physicians and nurses. Soc Sci Med 2024; 348:116805. [PMID: 38569282 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Limited knowledge exists regarding sensed failure resulting provision of end-of-life (EOL) care. Among medical health professionals (MHP), a sense of failure is associated with impaired patientcare and reduced worker wellbeing, including higher rates of burnout and secondary traumatic stress. As part of a larger mixed-methods study on the effects of EOL-care provision on MHP in general hospitals, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 22 physicians and nurses at three tertiary Israeli hospitals, representing a wide range of medical specialties, training, experience, and cultural backgrounds. Qualitative thematic analysis of the interviews led to the identification of the theme 'sense of failure' with the sub-themes 'sources' and 'lived meanings' of the sensed failure. Apart from the source 'losing a patient' all other identified sources were recognized as work-related risk factors, including 'unsupportive environments' and 'shortcomings of the medical practice.' Two of the lived meaning 'sense of personal responsibility' and 'moral injury' were also recognized as work-related risk factors. Surprisingly, albeit the adverse context of EOL-care, the two remaining lived meanings 'learning from failure' and 'sense of purpose' were recognized as protective resilience factors. Changes in workplace norms by focusing on leadership and mentoring programs and implementation of evidence based interventions aimed at reducing the sense of failure and enhancing feelings of purpose are recommended. Finally, the findings described in the study would benefit from continued studies on larger scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaffa Naomi Stokar
- Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tan Y, Pinder D, Bayoumi I, Carter R, Cole M, Jackson L, Watson A, Knox B, Chan-Nguyen S, Ford M, Davison CM, Bartels SA, Purkey E. Family and community resilience: a Photovoice study. Int J Equity Health 2024; 23:62. [PMID: 38504281 PMCID: PMC10949719 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-024-02142-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), in combination with adverse community environments, can result in traumatic stress reactions, increasing a person's risk for chronic physical and mental health conditions. Family resilience refers to the ability of families to withstand and rebound from adversity; it involves coping with disruptions as well as positive growth in the face of sudden or challenging life events, trauma, or adversities. This study aimed to identify factors contributing to family and community resilience from the perspective of families who self-identified as having a history of adversity and being resilient during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This study used Photovoice, a visual participatory research method which asks participants to take photographs to illustrate their responses to a research question. Participants consisted of a maximum variation sample of families who demonstrated family level resilience in the context of the pair of ACEs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Family members were asked to collect approximately five images or videos that illustrated the facilitators and barriers to well-being for their family in their community. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted using the SHOWeD framework to allow participants to share and elucidate the meaning of their photos. Using thematic analysis, two researchers then independently completed line-by-line coding of interview transcripts before collaborating to develop consensus regarding key themes and interpretations. RESULTS Nine families were enrolled in the study. We identified five main themes that enhanced family resilience: (1) social support networks; (2) factors fostering children's development; (3) access and connection to nature; (4) having a space of one's own; and (5) access to social services and community resources. CONCLUSIONS In the context of additional stresses related to the COVID-19 pandemic, resilient behaviours and strategies for families were identified. The creation or development of networks of intra- and inter-community bonds; the promotion of accessible parenting, housing, and other social services; and the conservation and expansion of natural environments may support resilience and health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Tan
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, 80 Barrie Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Danielle Pinder
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, 62 Fifth Field Company Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Imaan Bayoumi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, 62 Fifth Field Company Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
| | - Rifaa Carter
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
| | - Michele Cole
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
| | - Logan Jackson
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
| | - Autumn Watson
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
| | - Bruce Knox
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
| | - Sophy Chan-Nguyen
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
| | - Meghan Ford
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Humphrey Hall, 62 Arch Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Colleen M Davison
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, 62 Fifth Field Company Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Susan A Bartels
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, 62 Fifth Field Company Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Queen's University, 76 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 4V7, Canada
| | - Eva Purkey
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, 62 Fifth Field Company Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Masten AS. Emergence and evolution of developmental resilience science over half a century. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38456302 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
This reflection on the history and future of developmental resilience science (DRS) highlights its co-emergence with developmental psychopathology (DP), as well as the roles of this journal and its founding editor, Dante Cicchetti, in the evolution of these intertwined domains of scholarship. A remarkable constellation of scholars at the University of Minnesota shaped the course of both conceptual frameworks and their dissemination. I describe fundamental assumptions common to DP and DRS frameworks that reflect their common roots and the pervasive influence of systems theory on developmental science. I describe four waves of DRS and key principles of DRS at the present time. In conclusion, I consider the possibility that a fifth wave of DRS is emerging with a focus on understanding patterns of multisystem, multilevel processes of resilience and their implications for interventions in the context of interacting, interdependent, and complex adaptive systems. I close this commentary with questions for future research and a hopeful outlook on the future of human resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann S Masten
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sayed T, Malan H, Fourie E. Exploring the associations between resilience and psychological well-being among South Africans during COVID-19. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1323466. [PMID: 38414871 PMCID: PMC10898365 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1323466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Resilience pertains to an individual's ability to withstand, adapt, and recuperate from adversity and stress. As the world grapples with unprecedented challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic, understanding the relationship between resilience and psychological well-being becomes essential. Preliminary observations suggest that those with a higher resilience tend to have better psychological well-being, indicating a possible symbiotic relationship between the two. This study was structured using a cross-sectional survey design. A convenience sampling technique was employed, including 631 respondents in South Africa. Data collection took place between June 11 and July 9, 2022, facilitated through a Google Forms questionnaire. This questionnaire encompassed various instruments, namely a biographical questionnaire, the CD-RISC 10, the WHO Well-being Index, the FACIT-Sp-12, and the PMHS. The findings from the collected data highlighted a strong correlation between resilience and overall well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. This elevation in resilience can be instrumental in augmenting psychological well-being. As such, interventions or programs aimed at enhancing individual and community well-being might benefit from incorporating elements that bolster resilience, especially during periods of global adversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tasleem Sayed
- Community Psychosocial Research (COMPRES), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University (NWU), Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Hanelie Malan
- Community Psychosocial Research (COMPRES), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University (NWU), Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Erika Fourie
- Research Design, Statistical Analysis and Interpretation: Pure and Applied Analytics, School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, North-West University (NWU), Potchefstroom, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Grech AM, Sharma S, Kizirian N, Gordon A. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on new parents enrolled in the 'BABY1000' birth cohort study in Sydney, Australia: A mixed-methods study. Aust N Z J Public Health 2024; 48:100127. [PMID: 38354625 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic was, and continues to be, uniquely experienced by women in the perinatal period and their families. Whilst long-term impacts of the pandemic are unknown, exposures in pregnancy and early life have impacts across the life-course and future generations. The objective of this manuscript was to explore how the pregnancy, postpartum and parenting experiences of a subset of participants from the 'BABY1000' cohort in Sydney, Australia, were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and explore associations between these experiences and state anxiety. METHODS Mixed methods were used. Participants were requested to complete an online survey including the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory short form (STAI-6), followed by an invitation to participate in focus group discussions (FGDs). RESULTS From September to November 2021, 88 parents completed the survey (mean age 33.5 years, 60% born in Australia, 58% primiparous). Twenty-two parents participated in FGDs. Six themes were identified regarding the experience of parents: (1) Maternal support, (2) Family relationships, (3) Stress and mental health, (4) Healthcare, (5) Family lifestyle and routine, and (6) Long-term impacts. The mean STAI-6 score was 40 (SD 12.3), representing high anxiety. High anxiety was significantly associated with concern regarding COVID-19 and feeling overburdened and lonely. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health orders significantly impacted participants' pregnancy, postpartum and parenting experiences. Whilst these experiences included some unexpected positives, for many, these were outweighed by negative impacts on mental health, social support, health behaviours, and family relationships. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH Ongoing longitudinal research is imperative to identify potential long-term effects of the pandemic across the life-course, better support families in the short and long-term, and plan for public health crises in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison Marie Grech
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, Sydney, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Sweekriti Sharma
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Public Health, Sydney Health Literacy Lab, Sydney, Australia; Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nathalie Kizirian
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, Sydney, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adrienne Gordon
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, Sydney, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ersanli C. Does COVID-19 anxiety in pregnant women affect marital adjustment? Health Care Women Int 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38231201 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2024.2303514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
In this study, it was tried to determine the relationship between anxiety and marital adjustment in pregnant women during the epidemic, and to explain the variables affecting anxiety and marital adjustment. During the epidemic, many factors cause changes in the perceived anxiety level and marital adjustment in pregnant women. As the level of COVID-19 anxiety increases in pregnant women, marital adjustment scores decrease. It was determined that the anxiety levels were lower and marital adjustment was higher in pregnant women who had a planned pregnancy, did not have fears about childbirth, thought that their physical, mental health were not affected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Candan Ersanli
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Midwifery, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Reynolds CM, Grühn D. Does time heal all wounds? An investigation of time, grief, and attitudes toward death. Death Stud 2023:1-11. [PMID: 38153434 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2023.2297065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
When experiencing the loss of a loved one, individuals adapt and change how they understand death, how they interpret the meaning of the loss, and how they remember the deceased. In the present study (N = 164), we investigated whether the time since the loss - recent or distant - was associated with individuals' bereavement, attitudes toward death, and their meaning of death. We found that individuals who experienced a recent loss reported more grief and more negative death attitudes compared to individuals who experienced a loss more than 5 years ago. Moreover, the bereavement appeared to completely mediate the time since the loss and the individuals' attitudes about death. The findings suggest that time-dependent adaptations after a loss shifts individuals' death attitudes, grief symptoms, and thoughts about death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Grühn
- Psychology Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Marques FRDM, Laranjeira C, Carreira L, Gallo AM, Baccon WC, Paiano M, Baldissera VDA, Salci MA. Illness Experiences of Brazilian People Who Were Hospitalized Due to COVID-19 and Faced Long COVID Repercussions in Their Daily Life: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 14:14. [PMID: 38247666 PMCID: PMC10813415 DOI: 10.3390/bs14010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Long COVID is a multisystem condition that has multiple consequences for the physical, mental, and social health of COVID-19 survivors. The impact of the long COVID condition remains unclear, particularly among middle-aged and older adults, who are at greater risk than younger people of persisting symptoms associated with COVID-19. Therefore, we aimed to understand the experiences of middle-aged and older people who had been hospitalized for COVID-19 and the repercussions of long-term COVID symptoms in their daily lives. A qualitative study was carried out, adopting the framework of the constructivist grounded theory (CGT) proposed by Kathy Charmaz. Fifty-six middle-aged and older adult participants from the southern region of Brazil were recruited. Data were gathered from semi-structured telephone interviews. Concomitantly a comparative analysis was performed to identify categories and codes using the MaxQDA® software (version 2022). Three subcategories were identified: (1) experiencing COVID-19 in the acute phase; (2) oscillating between 'good days' and 'bad days' in long COVID; and (3) (re)constructing identity. These concepts interact with each other and converge upon the central category of this study: recasting oneself to the uniqueness of the illness experience of long COVID. Our findings provided insights related to the disruption in the lives of long COVID-19 sufferers who still live with persistent symptoms of the disease, including physical, social, family, emotional and spiritual repercussions. Likewise, this study may aid in developing friendly and welcoming social environments, lowering stigma and prejudice towards patients with long COVID, and fostering prompt and suitable policy support and mental health care for these individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francielle Renata Danielli Martins Marques
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790—Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (F.R.D.M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.G.); (W.C.B.); (M.P.); (V.D.A.B.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Carlos Laranjeira
- School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic University of Leiria, Campus 2, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic University of Leiria, Rua de Santo André-66-68, Campus 5, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, 7000-801 Évora, Portugal
| | - Lígia Carreira
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790—Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (F.R.D.M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.G.); (W.C.B.); (M.P.); (V.D.A.B.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Adriana Martins Gallo
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790—Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (F.R.D.M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.G.); (W.C.B.); (M.P.); (V.D.A.B.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Wanessa Cristina Baccon
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790—Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (F.R.D.M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.G.); (W.C.B.); (M.P.); (V.D.A.B.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Marcelle Paiano
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790—Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (F.R.D.M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.G.); (W.C.B.); (M.P.); (V.D.A.B.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Vanessa Denardi Antoniassi Baldissera
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790—Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (F.R.D.M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.G.); (W.C.B.); (M.P.); (V.D.A.B.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Maria Aparecida Salci
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790—Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (F.R.D.M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.G.); (W.C.B.); (M.P.); (V.D.A.B.); (M.A.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Goodwill JR, Fike KJ. Black in the pandemic: Comparing experiences of mistrust, anxiety, and the COVID-19 vaccine among Black adults in the U.S. Soc Sci Med 2023; 338:116302. [PMID: 37871396 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccine decisions are shaped by many factors including historical and contemporary patterns of medical mistreatment of marginalized communities. In attending to these concerns, we measured whether fear of COVID-19, general feelings of mistrust, and race-specific mistrust of the government and healthcare providers are indirectly associated with COVID-19 vaccination status via anxiety among Black Americans. We analyzed responses from 996 Black adults who participated in the AmeriSpeak panel - a nationally representative probability-based sample recruited from the National Opinion Research Center from April-June 2022. We used multiple-group structural equation modeling to compare outcomes among those who lost a loved one to COVID-19 to those who did not. Results indicate that fear of COVID-19 was associated with a greater probability of being fully vaccinated for those who lost a family member/friend. Race-specific mistrust was positively associated with anxiety, but was negatively associated with being fully vaccinated for bereaved Black Americans. Targeted efforts are needed to specifically reach those who lost a loved one to COVID-19. More within-group evaluations are needed to identify barriers to COVID-19 vaccination that are specific to Black Americans living with loss and grief.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janelle R Goodwill
- University of Chicago, Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice, United States.
| | - Kayla J Fike
- Vanderbilt University, Peabody College of Education and Human Development, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Feng L, Jin J, An Y, Zhao J, Zhu Y, Li X. The dyadic effects of individual resilience on family resilience among Chinese parents and children during COVID-19. Psych J 2023; 12:868-875. [PMID: 37905929 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have mainly focused on examining families' struggles during the adaptive process of adversity, while the strength of family and how it arises were neglected. This study aims to explore the relationships between individual and family resilience among parents and children in families during COVID-19. Guided by the longitudinal actor-partner interdependence model, one parent and a child in 136 Chinese families completed assessments of pandemic media exposure and individual resilience in mid-February 2020 and family resilience in early March. Results showed that the child's individual resilience was positively associated with their own and their parents' family resilience, while parents' resilience was only positively associated with their own. The evidence indicated that a child's individual resilience was critical for all core family members' perceived family resilience and provided implications for family intervention programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jialu Jin
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan An
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhao
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- University of California, Davis, Sacramento, USA
| | - Xiaohui Li
- School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lebow JL. Another editor's farewell. Fam Process 2023; 62:1273-1280. [PMID: 38055997 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay L Lebow
- Family Process and Family Institute at Northwestern, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Özmete E, Pak M. Family Functioning and Community Resilience During the COVID-19 Lockdown Period in Turkey. Soc Work Public Health 2023; 38:437-449. [PMID: 38324376 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2024.2315186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak has left families with many adverse effects that can disrupt functioning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between family functioning and community resilience during the COVID-19 lockdown. An online survey was conducted with community-dwelling adult people (n= 411) based on quantitative descriptive-correlational research. According to the results, families show dysfunctional trends during the COVID-19 outbreak (%56), especially in affective involvement, problem-solving, and behavior control categories. Community resilience was positively associated with family functioning. Also, income dissatisfaction, use of social services, and social trust were determined as predictors of family functioning in the COVID-19 lockdown. Further research and social work practices in public health to address the family system as a whole should be evaluated and interventions aiming at community resilience should be designed to increase families' functioning during the pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emine Özmete
- Department of Social Work, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melike Pak
- Department of Social Work, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Boven C, Dillen L, Dierickx S, Van den Block L, Piers R, Van Den Noortgate N, Van Humbeeck L. Relatives' Experiences of Being Involved in Assisted Dying: A Qualitative Study. Qual Health Res 2023; 33:1154-1164. [PMID: 37791685 PMCID: PMC10626978 DOI: 10.1177/10497323231196827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent literature demonstrates an interdependence between relatives and healthcare providers throughout euthanasia processes. Yet, current guidelines and literature scarcely specify the interactions between healthcare providers and bereaved relatives. The aim of this work consisted of providing an insight into bereaved relatives' experiences (1) of being involved in euthanasia processes and (2) of their interactions with healthcare providers before, during, and after the euthanasia. The research process was guided by the principles of constructivist grounded theory. Nineteen Dutch-speaking bereaved relatives of oncological patients, who received euthanasia at home or in a hospital less than 24 months ago, participated via semi-structured interviews. These interviews were conducted between May 2021 and June 2022. Due to the intensity of euthanasia processes, relatives wanted to be involved as early as possible, in order to receive time, space, and access to professionals' support whilst preparing themselves for the upcoming loss of a family member with cancer. Being at peace with the euthanasia request facilitated taking a supportive attitude, subsequently aiding in achieving a serene atmosphere. A serene atmosphere facilitated relatives' grief process because it helped them in creating and preserving good memories. Relatives appreciated support from healthcare providers, as long as overinvolvement on their part was not occurring. This study advocates for a relational approach in the context of euthanasia and provides useful complements to the existing euthanasia guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Boven
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Let Dillen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Palliative Care Unit, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sigrid Dierickx
- End-of-Life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) & Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieve Van den Block
- End-of-Life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) & Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Family Medicine and Chronic Care, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ruth Piers
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nursetiawati S, Siregar JS, Josua DP. Understanding adaptability in the family environment in facing COVID-19: A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20618. [PMID: 38027878 PMCID: PMC10665684 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptation is a research field that is trending in the face of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in various parts of the country. The ability to adapt is one way for individuals to survive in uncertain situations. This article reviews the adaptation process in a family environment focusing on finding models from various literatures on family institution adaptations and then mapping them into adaptations that families can implement during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study showed that family resilience in dealing with changes in various areas of life was performed through family adaptations during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as: (a) the ability of family members to be more open and respect privacy when communicating during all activities at home, (b) culture and values applied in the family are the determining factors for individuals to be able to adapt to new habits, (c) the resources owned by the family determine the attitudes and ways in which the family develops its potential in dealing with limitations and negative emotions, (d) the adaptive power of men as husbands or fathers with women as wives or mothers is driven by different factors, where men are driven generally due to external factors, while women due to internal factors. Families with different environments produce different adaptability, depending on the social capital and support received by the family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sitti Nursetiawati
- Jakarta State University, Environmental Management Postgraduate Program, Indonesia
| | - Jenny Sista Siregar
- Jakarta State University, Faculty of Engineering, Family Welfare Cluster, Cosmetology Education Study Program, Indonesia
| | - Dian Pertiwi Josua
- Jakarta State University, Faculty of Engineering, Family Welfare Cluster, Cosmetology Education Study Program, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sabah A, Aljaberi MA, Hajji J, Fang CY, Lai YC, Lin CY. Family Communication as a Mediator between Family Resilience and Family Functioning under the Quarantine and COVID-19 Pandemic in Arabic Countries. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1742. [PMID: 38002833 PMCID: PMC10670761 DOI: 10.3390/children10111742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic has become an unprecedented world crisis in which we have struggled against the most potent threat of the twenty-first century. This pandemic has had a profound impact on individuals and families. Therefore, the study aimed to examine family communication as a mediator of the relationship between family resilience and family functioning under the quarantine and coronavirus pandemic in Algeria and Iraq. This study was conducted among individuals in Iraq and Algeria (N = 361). The respondents completed the Family Communication Scale (FCS), Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire (WFRQ), and Family Functioning Scale (FFS). Structural equation modeling (SEM) with the bootstrapping method was used to conduct the mediated effects of family communication. Using the bootstrapping method in SEM, family resilience and communication significantly affected family functioning (coefficient = 0.808). Moreover, the direct effect and indirect effect (via family functioning) of family resilience on family functioning were both significant, with coefficients of 0.682 and 0.126. In addition, numerous groups from Iraq and Algeria have been analyzed as a sample and have shown no differences in the relationships between family resilience, family communication, and family functioning. In conclusion, the results showed that family communication mediated the relationship between family resilience and family functioning. Moreover, the type of this mediation seemed to be partial because of the significant direct relationship between family resilience and family functioning. According to the findings, healthcare providers should consider improving family resilience and communication to achieve good family functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiche Sabah
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Hassiba Benbouali University of Chlef, Chlef 02076, Algeria
| | - Musheer A. Aljaberi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Taiz University, Taiz 6803, Yemen;
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43300, Malaysia
- Faculty of Nursing and Applied Sciences, Lincoln University College, Petaling Jaya 47301, Malaysia
| | - Jamel Hajji
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Gafsa, Gafsa University, Gafsa 2100, Tunisia;
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis, Tunis 1007, Tunisia
| | - Chuan-Yin Fang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 621, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Chen Lai
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 621, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Media and Communication, University of Religions and Denominations, Qom 37491-13357, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Antunes AP, Martins S, Almeida AT. Factors Associated with Parenting Adaptability in Facing the First COVID-19 Lockdown: A Study on Portuguese Parents. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2745. [PMID: 37893820 PMCID: PMC10606055 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11202745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Parenting was drastically challenged during the COVID-19 pandemic as families complied with the consequent containment for sanitary and social reasons. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationships among self-report measures (co-parenting, emotional experience and parental support network) and the employment condition (teleworking parents and at-home parents with governmental leave aid) that might be associated with the everyday life change, and their contribution towards family's daily routines during the first COVID-19 lockdown. A sample of 878 parents (90.2% mothers), aged from 21 to 61 years (39.58 ± 6.08), and mainly of Portuguese nationality (97.2%), was gathered through an online survey. Participants completed sociodemographic data and answered questions related to four positive parenting dimensions (Daily routines, Co-parenting, Emotional experience, and Support network) rating on a five-point Likert scale how much their behavior changed during the lockdown. Descriptive statistics and multilinear regression models were tested as well as a mediation model. The results showed that Emotional experience, Co-parenting, and Support network played an important role in family Daily routines, reinforcing that the first COVID-19 lockdown was lived differently by parents according to their employment conditions. Furthermore, the pathways model of factors associated with parental adaptability is suggestive that the direct effect of Emotional experience on Daily routines is partially mediated by Co-parenting and Support network. In line with previous studies on the complexity and dynamic ecology of parenting, the reported indicators showcase the interrelated facets of parenting and its corresponding support needs. Further, clear indicators for the design of family support interventions and family resilience enhancement to stressor events are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana P. Antunes
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal;
- Research Centre on Child Studies, Institute of Education, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Silvana Martins
- ProChild CoLAB Against Poverty and Social Exclusion Association, Campus de Couros, Rua de Vila Flor, 4810-225 Guimarães, Portugal;
- Health Sciences Research Unit, Nursing School of Coimbra, Avenida Bissaya Barreto, Polo C, 3046-851 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana T. Almeida
- Research Centre on Child Studies, Institute of Education, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lidyawati Y. Finding Balance with Music: Music Therapy as a Tool for Recovery and Increasing Welfare for Orphans of COVID-19 Victims. Prehosp Disaster Med 2023; 38:689-690. [PMID: 37642184 DOI: 10.1017/s1049023x23006295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Music therapy can effectively address children's psychological, emotional, cognitive, and social needs. Music therapy can provide a safe and supportive environment for children to process their emotions and deal with the grief of losing a parent.
Collapse
|
20
|
Paleari FG, Ertan I, Cavagnis L, Donato S. Family Resilience and Dyadic Coping during the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Their Protective Role in Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:6719. [PMID: 37754580 PMCID: PMC10530876 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20186719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak has dramatically worsened people's psychological well-being. Our aim was to examine for the first time the concurrent and longitudinal relations of family resilience with hedonic and eudaimonic well-being, and the moderating role of socio-demographics. For people having a romantic partner, we also explored whether family resilience and dyadic coping were uniquely related to well-being. One cross-sectional study (N = 325) and one 10-week follow-up study (N = 112) were carried out during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020) in Northern Italy. Adult participants completed an online questionnaire in both studies. Correlation, multivariate regression, and moderation analyses were carried out with IBM SPSS version 28 and its PROCESS macro. Significance of differences in correlation and regression coefficients was tested through Steiger's procedure, Wald test, and SUEST method. Family resilience was found to relate more strongly to eudaimonic (versus hedonic) well-being concurrently and to hedonic (versus eudaimonic) well-being longitudinally. The concurrent or longitudinal relations with hedonic well-being were generally stronger for females, part-time workers, and people undergoing multiple stressors. For people having a romantic partner, family resilience was concurrently associated with well-being independently of dyadic coping, whereas dyadic coping was longitudinally related to well-being independently of family resilience. Family resilience was found to protect, in the short term, the psychological well-being of people facing the pandemic outbreak. Its protective role mainly concerned hedonic well-being and was more pronounced for more vulnerable people. For persons having a romantic partner, however, dyadic coping seemed to have equal, if not greater, positive short-term effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giorgia Paleari
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy; (I.E.); (L.C.)
| | - Irem Ertan
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy; (I.E.); (L.C.)
| | - Lucrezia Cavagnis
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy; (I.E.); (L.C.)
| | - Silvia Donato
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
George JO, Elayan S, Sykora M, Solter M, Feick R, Hewitt C, Liu Y, Shankardass K. The Role of Social Media in Building Pandemic Resilience in an Urban Community: A Qualitative Case Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:6707. [PMID: 37681847 PMCID: PMC10488116 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20176707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper explores the influence of social media in fostering resilience within an urban spatial context, specifically in Bangalore, India, during the COVID-19 lockdown, a period marked by a surge in digital communication due to movement restrictions. To control the rapid spread of the virus, over 1.38 billion people were given stay-at-home orders by the government of India during the onset of the pandemic. The restrictions in movement forced individuals to shift to online modes of connection and communication. As the field of digital epidemiology, that is, the use of digital tools and data to understand and improve health took center stage during the pandemic, the focus shifted towards the social media landscape, which is often associated with its negative aspects, such as misinformation. However, this paper delves into social media's potential to build resilience on a local scale, particularly given its increased usage during the pandemic. Through in-depth online interviews with eight urban residents, we conducted a thematic analysis to understand social media's role during the lockdown. Results indicate that social media facilitated effective information exchange and fostered a sense of community. Furthermore, it engendered an environment conducive to prosocial behavior, a known resilience amplifier. We also highlight the importance of baseline context regarding the users directly engaged in social media data generation with respect to digital epidemiology analytics tools for large-scale social media data and the need for qualitative input feeding into their design. Our study highlights the need for a balanced perspective on social media use in times of crisis, recognizing its potential to boost community resilience in an urban setting, and further enriching digital epidemiology approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Oommen George
- Centre for Information Management, Loughborough Business School, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK (M.S.)
| | - Suzanne Elayan
- Centre for Information Management, Loughborough Business School, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK (M.S.)
| | - Martin Sykora
- Centre for Information Management, Loughborough Business School, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK (M.S.)
| | - Marin Solter
- Centre for Information Management, Loughborough Business School, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK (M.S.)
| | - Rob Feick
- School of Planning, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Christopher Hewitt
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON M5B 1W8, Canada (K.S.)
| | - Yiqiao Liu
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON M5B 1W8, Canada (K.S.)
| | - Ketan Shankardass
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON M5B 1W8, Canada (K.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Langevin HM, Berger A, Edwards E. Interface of resilience with other related concepts in physiological and psychosocial/spiritual domains. Stress Health 2023; 39:10-13. [PMID: 37237422 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Helene M Langevin
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ann Berger
- NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Emmeline Edwards
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Derbyshire K, Thai S, Midgley C, Lockwood P. Love under lockdown: How changes in time with partner impacted stress and relationship outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Soc Pers Relat 2023; 40:2918-2945. [PMID: 37744688 PMCID: PMC10009005 DOI: 10.1177/02654075231162599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
With the onset of COVID-19, governments around much of the world implemented strict social distancing and stay-at-home orders that profoundly affected the amount of time many couples were spending together. In the present research, we examined whether perceptions of a change in time spent with a partner were associated with stress, and whether stress levels in turn predicted relationship commitment and satisfaction, both in the short term (Time 1) and longer term (Time 2; i.e., after 10 months). Results indicated partial mediation, such that less (vs. more) time spent with the partner was associated with greater stress at Time 1, which in turn partly accounted for lower commitment and relationship satisfaction both at Time 1, and satisfaction at Time 2. Less (vs. more) time spent with partner at Time 1 also predicted a greater likelihood of relationship dissolution at Time 2, again partially mediated by stress. An increase in quality time spent together at Time 2 predicted stress and relationship outcomes over and above the change in time spent together more generally. This research has important implications for understanding the ongoing effects of the pandemic on romantic relationships. In addition, this study provides new evidence regarding how changes in time spent with a partner are associated with stress and subsequent relationship outcomes.
Collapse
|
24
|
Nasir S, Giménez-Llort L. The Trajectory of Depression through Disenfranchised Grief in Young Widows in Times of COVID-19: A Case Report from Rural India. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:653. [PMID: 37622793 PMCID: PMC10451176 DOI: 10.3390/bs13080653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic was one of this century's deadliest and most widespread viral outbreaks, with higher mortality rates in men than women. Disruptions in funeral rituals and customs, no social recognition of the losses, and limited social support have complicated the grieving process and are linked to disenfranchised (not openly acknowledged, socially recognized, or publicly mourned) grief. Depression is also highly comorbid with complicated grief. Losing a spouse can be devastating, and this is more severe for women with limited or no resources, who are vulnerable because of the patriarchal society. In the current COVID-19 era, increased uncertainty and disenfranchised grief can worsen the clinical scenario and hamper interventions, as highlighted by the present case report on disenfranchised grief with depressive symptoms in a 30-year-old woman from rural India who, after a year of marriage, lost her husband due to COVID-19. This case study emphasizes the impact of multiple types of disadvantages due to sociodemographic and cultural determinants that can complicate the grieving process in the current context. The bioecological model of grief recovery considers individual features and societal/environmental factors to postulate the appropriate intervention. Finding meaning and purpose in life and restoration-oriented coping were successful for the clinical management of the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta Nasir
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Lydia Giménez-Llort
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Erdeniz B, Tekgün E, Lenggenhager B, Lopez C. Visual perspective, distance, and felt presence of others in dreams. Conscious Cogn 2023; 113:103547. [PMID: 37390767 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2023.103547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The peripersonal space, that is, the limited space surrounding the body, involves multisensory coding and representation of the self in space. Previous studies have shown that peripersonal space representation and the visual perspective on the environment can be dramatically altered when neurotypical individuals self-identify with a distant avatar (i.e., in virtual reality) or during clinical conditions (i.e., out-of-body experience, heautoscopy, depersonalization). Despite its role in many cognitive/social functions, the perception of peripersonal space in dreams, and its relationship with the perception of other characters (interpersonal distance in dreams), remain largely uncharted. The present study aimed to explore the visuospatial properties of this space, which is likely to underlie self-location as well as self/other distinction in dreams. 530 healthy volunteers answered a web-based questionnaire to measure their dominant visuo-spatial perspective in dreams, the frequency of recall for felt distances between their dream self and other dream characters, and the dreamers' viewing angle of other dream characters. Most participants reported dream experiences from a first-person perspective (1PP) (82%) compared to a third-person perspective (3PP) (18%). Independent of their dream perspective, participants reported that they generally perceived other dream characters in their close space, that is, at distance of either between 0 and 90 cm, or 90-180 cm, than in further spaces (180-270 cm). Regardless of the perspective (1PP or 3PP), both groups also reported more frequently seeing other dream characters from eye level (0° angle of viewing) than from above (30° and 60°) or below eye level (-30° and -60°). Moreover, the intensity of sensory experiences in dreams, as measured by the Bodily Self-Consciousness in Dreams Questionnaire, was higher in individuals who habitually see other dream characters closer to their personal dream self (i.e., within 0-90 cm and 90-180 cm). These preliminary findings offer a new, phenomenological account of space representation in dreams with regards to the felt presence of others. They might provide insights not only to our understanding of how dreams are formed, but also to the type of neurocomputations involved in self/other distinction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burak Erdeniz
- İzmir University of Economics, Department of Psychology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ege Tekgün
- İzmir University of Economics, Department of Psychology, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li B, Ng K, Tong X, Zhou X, Ye J, Yu JJ. Physical activity and mental health in children and youth during COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:92. [PMID: 37468975 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and universal mitigation strategies have fundamentally affected peoples' lives worldwide, particularly during the first two years of the pandemic. Reductions in physical activity (PA) and increased mental health (MH) problems among children and youth have been observed. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the relationship between physical activity (PA) and mental health (MH) among children and youth during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Four electronic databases (EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science) were systematically searched to identify studies that (1) examined the relationship between PA and MH among children and youth (aged 2-24 years old) and (2) were published in peer-reviewed journals in English between January 2020 and December 2021. Relationships between PA and two MH aspects (i.e., negative and positive psychological responses) among children and youth at different age ranges and those with disabilities or chronic conditions (DCC) were synthesized. Meta-analyses were also performed for eligible studies to determine the pooled effect size. RESULTS A total of 58 studies were eventually included for variable categorization, with 32 eligible for meta-analyses. Our synthesis results showed that greater PA participation was strongly related to lower negative psychological responses (i.e., anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia, fatigue, and mental health problems) and higher positive psychological responses (i.e., general well-being and vigor) in children and youth during COVID-19. The pattern and strength of relations between PA and MH outcomes varied across age ranges and health conditions, with preschoolers and those with DCC receiving less attention in the existing research. Meta-analysis results showed that the magnitude of associations of PA with negative (Fisher's z = - 0.198, p < 0.001) and positive (Fisher's z = 0.170, p < 0.001) psychological responses among children and youth was weak. These results were linked to age of participants, study quality, and reporting of PA-related information. CONCLUSIONS PA participation and MH among children and youth deteriorated during the COVID-19 pandemic and were closely associated with each other. For the post-COVID-19 era, additional research on age- and health condition-specific relationships between PA and MH outcomes from a comprehensive perspective is warranted. (Word count: 344 words).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kwok Ng
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Faculty of Education, University of Turku, Rauma, Finland
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Xiuhong Tong
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangchuan Ye
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jane Jie Yu
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Carr BM. Strategies for Virtual Bereavement Care. J Christ Nurs 2023; 40:154-161. [PMID: 36730702 DOI: 10.1097/cnj.0000000000001027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The contagiousness of some illnesses (e.g., COVID-19) limits the ways in which families can interact with their dying loved ones who have been admitted to the hospital, especially in the intensive care unit. As a result, nurses have developed culturally relevant strategies for virtual bereavement care for patients and families predeath, perideath, and postdeath. Specific ways nurses can support, communicate, and facilitate meaningful rituals when patients die in isolation are provided in this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Briana Marie Carr
- Briana Marie Carr, MEd, BSN, BA, RN, is a medical intensive care unit staff nurse at Loma Linda University Medical Center. She graduated in 2018 from the LLU School of Nursing, where she currently is a PhD student
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kılıç C, Pak Güre MD, Karataş M, Duyan V. Seeking New Meaning in the Shadow of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Research of Spiritual Issues and Experiences among Students in Turkish Society. J Relig Health 2023:10.1007/s10943-023-01850-3. [PMID: 37386346 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Spirituality is one aspect to consider given the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the number of in-depth qualitative studies on spirituality-related issues and experiences is limited. The present study investigated the spiritual problems and experiences of students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was carried out with 342 Muslim students undertaking a distance education program at a state university in Turkey. The study was carried out using the non-probability sampling method. The data was collected using Qualtrics through a questionnaire consisting of open-ended questions related to spirituality during COVID-19. The data was analyzed using MAXQDA. The findings consisted of three categories, including spirituality during the pandemic, attitudes and behaviors related to the pandemic with a focus on spirituality, and feelings and thoughts about spirituality during the pandemic. There were fourteen subcategories, including resilience, meaning of life, coping mechanisms, acceptance, doubts, cleanliness, solidarity, risky behaviors, digitalization, religious rituals, inner peace, death, emotions, and hope. To meet the spiritual needs of students, it can be recommended to provide a suitable place for worship, to maintain the relations of individuals with religious centers and to direct them to spiritual counseling services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kılıç
- Open Education Faculty, University of Ataturk, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Merve Deniz Pak Güre
- Department of Social Work, University of Başkent, Fatih Sultan Mahallesi, Eskişehir Yolu 18, Etimesgut, Ankara, 06790, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Karataş
- Department of Social Work, University of Kütahya Health Sciences, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Veli Duyan
- Department of Social Work, University of Ankara, Fatih Caddesi No:197/A Keçiören, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Qiao S, Wilcox S, Olatosi B, Li X. COVID-19 challenges, responses, and resilience among rural Black women: a study protocol. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1156717. [PMID: 37333566 PMCID: PMC10275362 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1156717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the aggregated burdens and challenges experienced by rural Black women during the COVID-19 pandemic, many likely also demonstrated strength and resilience to overcome challenges. A mixed methodology and a community-based participatory approach will be used to collect multilevel data on challenges, responses, resilience, and lessons during the pandemic from Black women, community health workers, and community leaders in rural areas in South Carolina (SC). Specifically, the unique circumstances and lived experiences of rural Black women during the COVID-19 pandemic will be documented to understand their needs regarding effective management of social, physical, and mental health challenges through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with Black women, community health workers, and local community leaders recruited from rural SC communities. Barriers, facilitators, and potential impacts of multilevel resilience development will be identified through a survey administered among rural Black women recruited from 11 rural counties (with one as site for a pilot testing of the questionnaire). A report for public health practice will be developed, including recommended strategies to optimize health systems' emergency preparedness and responses through triangulation of qualitative and quantitative data from multiple sources. Findings in the proposed study will provide valuable references in terms of addressing social determinants of health factor challenges during the pandemic, fostering resilience, and informing evidence-based decision-making for policymakers. The study will contribute to the development of public health emergency preparedness plans, which can promote the resilience of women, their families, and local communities as well as optimize effective preparedness and response of health systems for rural Black women and their families during infectious disease outbreaks and other public health emergencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Qiao
- Department of Health Promotion Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Sara Wilcox
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Prevention Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Bankole Olatosi
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Department of Health System Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Health Promotion Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Einav M, Margalit M. Loneliness before and after COVID-19: Sense of Coherence and Hope as Coping Mechanisms. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:ijerph20105840. [PMID: 37239566 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic posed a major threat to public health, with long-lasting consequences for the daily habits and practices of people around the world. The combination of hazardous health conditions and extensive changes to people's daily routines due to lockdowns, social restrictions, and employment uncertainty have led to mental health challenges, reduced levels of subjective wellbeing, and increased maladaptive behaviors and emotional distress. Nevertheless, some studies have reported increased adaptive functioning and resilience after the pandemic, suggesting a more complex pattern of effects. The goals of the current study were to explore the role of two coping variables, sense of coherence and hope, in people's emotional wellbeing and adaptation in dealing with loneliness before and after such a stressful period. In a cross-sectional study, 974 Israeli participants (sample 1: 540 participants before the pandemic; sample 2: 434 participants after the pandemic restrictions) answered online questionnaires about their loneliness, hope and sense of coherence levels before and after the pandemic. While the two groups did not differ in their levels of hope, the participants in the group before COVID-19 reported lower levels of loneliness and sense of coherence. However, the results also indicated that although the COVID-19 pandemic was related to increased levels of loneliness, the participants' sense of coherence mediated this increase and their levels of hope moderated it. The theoretical contribution of these findings is discussed, as well as interventional implications and future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Einav
- Behavioral Sciences Department, Peres Academic Center, Rechovot 7610202, Israel
- Behavioral Sciences Department, The Academic College of Tel-Aviv-Yaffa, Tel-Aviv 6818218, Israel
| | - Malka Margalit
- Behavioral Sciences Department, Peres Academic Center, Rechovot 7610202, Israel
- School of Education, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997505, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Su-Russell C, Greiner C, Ermer A, Russell LT. Parents' Discussions of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Death With Young Children. J Fam Nurs 2023; 29:122-135. [PMID: 37083106 PMCID: PMC10125875 DOI: 10.1177/10748407231166099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Death and loss are often uncomfortable topics for adults to discuss with young children. Disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, however, made the avoidance of these topics nearly impossible. The current study explored how 20 parents engaged with their young children (ages 3-6) in discussions about death, dying, and loss as they jointly experienced this global crisis. Interviews were conducted both prepandemic (Summer/Fall 2019) and a year later, at the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, before vaccines were approved (Summer 2020). Results suggest parents largely sought to balance sheltering children from stress and socializing them with socioemotional competencies. The pandemic context, however, brought parents a sense of urgency to scaffold their children's ability to remain resilient after experiencing losses. Practical implications are discussed regarding how family nurses and other practitioners can provide support to families of young children during the COVID-19 pandemic and potential future global crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Su-Russell
- Illinois State University, Normal, IL,
USA
- Chang Su-Russell, Assistant Professor, Department
of Family and Consumer Sciences, Illinois State University, 5060 Turner Hall, Normal, IL
61790, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gamboa MAVG, Galang ERM, Garcia ACT, Gantuangco CCG, Germano RCJD, Garcia MKTB, Gaspar MAD. From fearful to hopeful: A thematic content analysis of COVID-19 survivors' YouTube videos. Health Care Women Int 2023; 45:475-492. [PMID: 37067825 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2023.2200067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 survivors experienced a spectrum of emotions as a result of surviving the said disease. Employing thematic content analysis, the researchers characterized the various emotional manifestations among recovered COVID-19 patients, which are crucial indicators of their mental well-being postinfection. From March 2020 to June 2021, data was collated from 31 Filipino COVID-19 Survivors' YouTube videos. 51.61% of the videos were posted in 2020 and 48.39% were posted in 2021 where 70.97% of the survivors were female while 29.03% were male. 579 primary codes emerged and were narrowed down into sixteen themes where Hope (18.83%) arose as the most predominant emotion followed by Gratitude (14.68%), Joy and Relief (14.16%), Faith (11.57%), Plight Response (10.88%), Sadness (10.88%), Fear (6.39%), and nine others (12.61%).
Collapse
|
33
|
Mohangi K. Risks and opportunities for children's well-being in resource-constrained multigenerational households during COVID-19: Implications for school psychology interventions. Sch Psychol Int 2023; 44:236-254. [PMID: 38603399 PMCID: PMC9768532 DOI: 10.1177/01430343221144407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic had a global impact on family social and economic well-being. Individuals and families sought alternative living arrangements as a result of the financial crisis, health implications, and housing insecurity, with many joining multigenerational households. However, it is unknown how multigenerational family life affects children's well-being. Therefore, this qualitative study explored risks and resilience-building opportunities for children's psychological and social well-being in resource-constrained multigenerational households during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa. Five multigenerational families were selected through snowball sampling and case design. The three generations of participants were grandparents (n = 5), parents (n = 7), and children (n = 4). Data were gathered through a questionnaire and interviews. The study received institutional ethics approval. After thematic analysis, two themes and six sub-themes were identified. Risks were related to interpersonal conflict, family collective fear of COVID-19, and children's multiple other fears. Opportunities were identified as academic support, shared responsibilities, life skills and values acquisition, and family cohesion. Results demonstrated the potential risks and resilience-building opportunities multigenerational households present for children's psychosocial well-being. Multisystemic influences in a multigenerational household contribute to children's adjustment. These outcomes necessitate systemic school psychology interventions. Longitudinal studies are recommended to explore child well-being trends in multigenerational households in varying socioeconomic contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamleshie Mohangi
- Department of Psychology of Education, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
YÜCE Z, ŞİMŞEK N. Psychosocial Support Programs and Telepsychiatry Services Implemented in the World and Türkiye during the Pandemic. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar 2023. [DOI: 10.18863/pgy.1079919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, which addresses the psychosocial dimension of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is seen that the pandemic has increased the frequency of anxiety, anxiety, fear, and depression in the society. In this process in the world and in Türkiye, the majority of psychosocial support programs and mental health services are provided on online platforms and the frequency of use of telepsychiatry services has increased. In this study, Google Scholar and Pub Med were scanned and relevant domestic and international studies were examined. The aim of this article was to draw attention to the innovations brought about by the epidemic in the provision of mental health services to people and suggestions were made in order to contribute to the relevant literature.
Collapse
|
35
|
Vieveen MJM, Yildiz B, Korfage IJ, Witkamp FE, Becqué YN, van Lent LGG, Pasman HR, Zee MS, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, van der Heide A, Goossensen A. Meaning-making following loss among bereaved spouses during the COVID-19 pandemic (the CO-LIVE study). Death Stud 2023:1-9. [PMID: 36892091 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2023.2186979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates how individuals construe, understand, and make sense of experiences during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Seventeen semi-structured interviews were conducted with bereaved spouses focusing on meaning attribution to the death of their partner. The interviewees were lacking adequate information, personalized care, and physical or emotional proximity; these challenges complicated their experience of a meaningful death of their partner. Concomitantly, many interviewees appreciated the exchange of experiences with others and any last moments together with their partner. Bereaved spouses actively sought valuable moments, during and after bereavement, that contributed to the perceived meaning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J M Vieveen
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Master Vitality and Ageing, LUMC, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - B Yildiz
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I J Korfage
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F E Witkamp
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Center Innovations in Care, University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Y N Becqué
- Research Center Innovations in Care, University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L G G van Lent
- Department of Internal Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H R Pasman
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute and Expertise center for Palliative Care, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M S Zee
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute and Expertise center for Palliative Care, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B D Onwuteaka-Philipsen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute and Expertise center for Palliative Care, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A van der Heide
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Goossensen
- University of Humanistic Studies, Universiteit voor Humanistiek, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lanz M, Caliciuri R, Iafrate R, Regalia C, Rosnati R, Sorgente A. Covid-Related Stress in the Financial, Relational and Health Domains. Which Longitudinal Effects on Present and Future Perception? Psychol Rep 2023:332941231161790. [PMID: 36872891 DOI: 10.1177/00332941231161790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
While pre-covid literature about stress has indicated the importance of studying domain-specific stress, studies conducted during the pandemic have investigated covid-related stress as a monodimensional construct. The current study aimed to assess the impact that covid-related stress in three domains (financial, relational, health) had on individuals' psychological well-being and future anxiety. Furthermore, we aimed to assess whether the relationship among variables changed during the different phases of the pandemic as well as whether age moderated those relationships. Data were collected from 4185 Italian participants (55.4% female) aged 18-90 years (M = 46.10; SD = 13.47) at three waves: April 2020 (time 1), July 2020 (time 2), May 2021 (time 3). A cross-lagged panel model was run in Mplus. Results indicated that the financial domain is the life domain within which people are most worried during the pandemic, as it had the strongest impact on both psychological well-being and future anxiety. Having high levels of psychological well-being at time t served as a protective factor, as it was negatively related to any kinds of stress as well as to future anxiety at time t+1. These relationships among variables were stable over the course of the pandemic. Finally, we found significant age differences in the mean level for all variables under investigation, where young adults were the group with the highest level of stress and future anxiety as well as the lowest level of psychological well-being. Despite these differences in the variables' level, the relationships between variables were invariant across age groups. Implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Lanz
- Department of Psychology, 9371Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
- Family Studies and Research University Centre, 9371Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
| | - Rossella Caliciuri
- Department of Psychology, 9371Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Iafrate
- Department of Psychology, 9371Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
- Family Studies and Research University Centre, 9371Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
| | - Camillo Regalia
- Department of Psychology, 9371Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
- Family Studies and Research University Centre, 9371Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosa Rosnati
- Department of Psychology, 9371Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
- Family Studies and Research University Centre, 9371Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
| | - Angela Sorgente
- Department of Psychology, 9371Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ruse JN, Rhodes P, Tateo L, Luca Picione RD. Remaking time: Cultural semiotic transformations of temporality during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. Integr Psychol Behav Sci 2023; 57:235-255. [PMID: 35838914 PMCID: PMC9284098 DOI: 10.1007/s12124-022-09711-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigates one aspect of meaning making that occurs in the wake of systemic change. It addresses the question of how time is re-configured by socio-material changes resultant from the COVID-19 pandemic. Employing a semiotic perspective, we aim to describe a process of disruption and distress, which leads to a recognition of the oddness of 'covid-time.' This is characterised by distressing 'suspended waiting', a despairing frozen temporality. After this, this odd covid-time is semiotically assimilated into the old and familiar. Distressing 'suspended time' is transformed into 'productive time', 'normal time', and 'transformational time' as an attempt to regulate affect. By highlighting this semiotic shift, the theory of the Cultural Psychology of Semiotic Dynamics (Valsiner, 2014) is used to highlight how meaning is constructed using cultural resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse N Ruse
- Mind and Brain Centre, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett St, Camperdown,, 2050, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Paul Rhodes
- Mind and Brain Centre, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett St, Camperdown,, 2050, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mayorga NA, Nizio P, Garey L, Viana AG, Kauffman BY, Matoska CT, Zvolensky MJ. Evaluating resilience in terms of COVID-19 related behavioral health among Latinx adults during the coronavirus pandemic. Cogn Behav Ther 2023; 52:75-90. [PMID: 36196955 PMCID: PMC9839500 DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2022.2114103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The mental and behavioral health burden resulting from COVID-19 has disproportionately affected the Latinx population. Yet, no work has investigated the influence of resilience as a protective factor against COVID-19 related consequences. The aim of the current study was to evaluate resilience in relation to COVID-19 related fear, anxiety symptoms, COVID-19 anxiety-related sleep disturbances, and depression among Latinx persons (178 Latinx persons [31.5% female, Mage = 34.1 years, SD = 8.2]). It was hypothesized that greater levels of resilience would be associated with lower levels of all COVID-19 related behavioral health outcomes above and beyond the variance accounted for by years living in the United States (U.S.), degree of COVID-19 exposure, sex, age, education, and COVID-19 related work and financial troubles and home-life distress. Results indicated that greater levels of resilience were associated with lower levels of COVID-19 related fear (ΔR2 = .06, p < .001), anxiety symptoms (ΔR2 = .03, p = .005), COVID-19 anxiety-related sleep disturbances (ΔR2 = .06, p < .001), and depression (ΔR2 = .04, p = .001). Overall, the present study is the first to document the potential importance of resilience in relation to common and clinically significant COVID-19 behavioral health problems among Latinx persons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lorra Garey
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston
| | | | | | | | - Michael J. Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tang CSK, Siu TSU, Chow TS, Kwok HSH. The Role of Family Resilience and Pandemic Burnout on Mental Health: A Two-Wave Study in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3803. [PMID: 36900809 PMCID: PMC10001644 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Family resilience refers to the processes through which a family adapts to and bounces back from adversities. Pandemic burnout refers to feeling emotionally exhausted, cynical, and lack of accomplishment during the pandemic and/or toward various preventive polices and measures. This two-wave, region-wide, longitudinal study included 796 adult participants residing in mainland China. Participants completed online surveys at two time points during the COVID-19 pandemic. Time 1 (T1) survey was conducted when the number of new infected cases in China stabilized, while Time 2 (T2) was conducted 5 months later when there was a sudden surge of new infected cases. Results of a hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the interaction and main effects of pandemic burnout and family resilience at T2 showed significant incremental prediction of depression and anxiety at T2, after controlling for demographic as well as individual and family resilience at T1. These results supported the hypotheses that current family resilience functions as a protective factor, whereas pandemic burnout functions as a risk factor of mental health during successive waves of pandemic outbreaks. In particular, family resilience at T2 mitigated the negative impact of high pandemic burnout on anxiety and depression at T2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine So-kum Tang
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, North Point, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Evidence-based Practice and Research, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, North Point, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tiffany Sok U Siu
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Evidence-based Practice and Research, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, North Point, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tak Sang Chow
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, North Point, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Evidence-based Practice and Research, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, North Point, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Helen Sin-Hang Kwok
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, North Point, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Evidence-based Practice and Research, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, North Point, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Rasmussen HN, England E, Cole BP. Hope and physical health. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 49:101549. [PMID: 36640676 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This article provides a brief overview of the recent research focusing on hope and physical health. The reviewed research is limited to research primarily on hope as conceptualized by Snyder and colleagues [33] and to those studies in which the researchers measured hope using scales based on Hope Theory proposed by Snyder and colleagues. Studies on hope and health behaviors, as well as specific health outcomes such as pain, cancer, and chronic illness are included. Overall findings indicate that hope is plays an important role in health.
Collapse
|
41
|
Pellerone M, Martinez Torvisco J, Razza SG, Lo Piccolo A, Guarnera M, La Rosa VL, Commodari E. Relational Competence, School Adjustment and Emotional Skills: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Group of Junior and High School Students of the Sicilian Hinterland. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2182. [PMID: 36767549 PMCID: PMC9915881 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Research has demonstrated the influence of emotional adjustment on the manifestation of problematic behaviors in adolescence, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the present research is to investigate the role of self-esteem and relational skills on school performance in a group of middle and high school students during the COVID-19 period. The research involved 392 students, aged between 11 and 20 (M = 13.78; S.D. = 2.56). Participants completed the following instruments: an anamnestic constructed ad hoc questionnaire; the Interpersonal Relationships Test, in order to evaluate the perception of adolescents concerning the quality of their relationships in social, family and school contexts; and the Multidimensional Test of Self-Esteem, structured in six scales, which coincide with the dimensions considered constitutive of self-esteem. The preliminary data have shown how the older girls, attending the high school, tend to manifest a higher level of social competence with peer group and teachers. Furthermore, the perception of a reduced emotional self-efficacy but an elevated environmental control and good interpersonal skills seem to predict the school adjustment. Understanding adolescents' perceptions of difficulties and their social support networks can offer some insight into how major social changes can be associated with individual well-being, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Pellerone
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Juan Martinez Torvisco
- Department of Psicología Cognitiva, Socialy Organizacional, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Stesy Giuseppa Razza
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lo Piccolo
- Faculty of Humanities, Foreign Language and Education, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Maria Guarnera
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | | | - Elena Commodari
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Leung JTY, Shek DTL, Tang CM. Development and Validation of the Chinese Family Resilience Scale in Families in Hong Kong. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1929. [PMID: 36767295 PMCID: PMC9914904 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Family resilience is an important protective factor mitigating the negative impact of adversities on individuals and families. As there are very few validated measures of family resilience in the Chinese context, we have developed the Chinese Family Resilience Scale (C-FRS) based on the family resilience framework of Froma Walsh. In this paper, we outline the development and the validation of the C-FRS with reference to the socio-cultural context of Hong Kong. Based on content validation involving family experts, the initial 51 items were assessed in terms of their relevance, clarity, and representativeness. The results showed that these items possessed adequate content validity. In order to validate the 51-item measure, we examined its convergent validity, its factorial validity, and its internal consistency based on the responses of 1020 Chinese families (N = 2858 participants). After removing the items with unsatisfactory psychometric properties, we retained 35 items in the final scale. The results showed that the C-FRS scores were significantly related to family functioning, thus providing support for its convergent validity. This study also provided support for the conceptual model of Walsh (i.e., three high-order domains involving nine primary indicators). Most importantly, the measurement invariance tests showed that the dimensions of the C-FRS were invariant among fathers, mothers, and adolescent children. As the findings support the reliability and the validity of the 35-item C-FRS, we suggest that this measure can be objectively used to assess family resilience in Chinese communities.
Collapse
|
43
|
Mayers PM, Olckers L, Prinsloo EL, Raine J, Zweigenthal V. Reflections of volunteer counselors working remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic-Implications for policy and practice. J Nurs Scholarsh 2023; 55:239-252. [PMID: 36510097 PMCID: PMC9877706 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We reflect on our experience of running a remote volunteer counseling service, known as the Counseling Collective, to support patients and their families during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Cape Town, South Africa, and the learning and implications for practice and policy regarding the effective utilization of volunteers during a crisis or disaster context. BACKGROUND The Beta SARS-Co-2 variant dominated the second COVID-19 wave which gained momentum in December 2020, as public sector health teams prepared to deescalate services over the South African summer season. The ferocity with which the wave hit the city soon made it clear that volunteers would be needed to assist with counseling services as the Beta variant caused serious disease, resulting in a significant upswing in hospitalisations and deaths. METHODS Four counselors and a colleague with oversight responsibilities of the volunteers reflected on the service we provided. This was done with the benefit of hindsight a year after the activities of the Counseling Collective were wrapped up. LESSONS LEARNED Virtual volunteers are a largely untapped resource in the South African health care system. Much is to be gained by using this underutilized resource to deliver patient-centred services, especially in times of crisis. CONCLUSION Networks of retired and self-employed health professionals, particularly nurses,-skilled volunteers-are a valuable resource and can be deployed for critical work using their versatile skillsets, in public health emergencies. Telephonic consultations are a useful modality for providing quality care and need to be built into the business of health services. Skills to conduct such consultations and for the provision of palliative care services need to be mainstreamed into the skillsets of health professionals. POLICY AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Public health disaster plans should include a blueprint for the rapid recruitment and deployment of volunteer counselors to assist permanent staff in providing crucial patient-centred care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pat M. Mayers
- University of Western CapeCape TownSouth Africa,University of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | | | | | - Joy Raine
- Private PracticeCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Virginia Zweigenthal
- School of Public Health and Family MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa,Western Cape Department of HealthCape TownSouth Africa
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
COVID-19 lockdown and social distancing measures have restricted funerals and memorial events and have limited the face-to-face social networks that grieving people might normally be able to draw upon for emotional support. However, while there is considerable expert informed speculation about the impacts of grief and "COVID bereavement", detailed accounts of experiences of bereavement and bereavement support during the pandemic have the potential to enrich and provide nuance and subtlety to the evidence base. This paper draws on diary accounts of bereavement support volunteers in the UK, who have been providing support for the bereaved through these challenging times. These reveal layers of complexity to the experiences of loss, grief and bereavement during these extraordinary times. However, they also point to a number of additional themes that lend a more positive valence to the suspension of normal social expectations and memorial practices associated with the pandemic, which, we argue should be reflected upon for their potential to address the discontents of contemporary governance of end of life and bereavement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen West
- School for Policy Studies, University
of Bristol, Bristol, UK of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,Karen West, School for Policy Studies,
University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Clifton BS8 1TZ, UK of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland.
| | - Hannah Rumble
- Policy Studies, University of Bristol School for Policy
Studies, Bristol, UK of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Rachel Shaw
- Aston University School of Life and
Health Sciences, Birmingham, UK of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Ailsa Cameron
- University of Bristol School for Policy
Studies, Bristol, UK of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Caity Roleston
- Aston University School of Languages and
Social Sciences, Birmingham, UK of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
McCarty RJ, Downing ST, Daley ML, McNamara JPH, Guastello AD. Relationships between stress appraisals and intolerance of uncertainty with psychological health during early COVID-19 in the USA. Anxiety Stress Coping 2023; 36:97-109. [PMID: 35549611 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2022.2075855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic has caused increased psychological distress and decreased quality of life (QoL), but limited research has evaluated cognitive appraisals of COVID-19. This study aimed to examine the role of three stress appraisals of the COVID-19 pandemic - threat appraisal, harm/loss appraisal, and challenge appraisal - and the interaction between these appraisals and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) on psychological distress and QoL. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional survey study using Amazon's Mechanical Turk. METHODS A sample of 327 adults living in the U.S. completed a series of questionnaires investigating IU, appraisal of the pandemic, psychological distress, and QoL in May 2020 during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS Controlling for demographic variables, IU and harm/loss appraisal positively related to psychological distress and negatively related to QoL. Challenge appraisals negatively related to distress and positively related to QoL. Moderation analyses revealed that higher levels of IU led to stronger positive relationships between threat appraisal and psychological distress. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive appraisals of COVID-19 are associated with psychological health, though the relationship between threat appraisal and psychological distress are strongest for those with difficulty tolerating uncertainty. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J McCarty
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Seth T Downing
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Matthew L Daley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
van Schaik T, Wojtkowiak J. Disembodied ritual: An explorative study on the meanings of physical absence during funerals by bereaved in times of COVID-19. Death Stud 2023; 47:873-880. [PMID: 36272146 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2022.2135047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Death is accompanied by rituals in every culture. It seems universal that we symbolically approach this life transition. This study focuses on experiences of bereaved who could not physically attend a funeral during COVID-19. Ten Dutch bereaved were interviewed. Disembodiment in terms of (1) not participating in ritual time and place, (2) experiencing live-stream funerals as lonely, and (3) feeling a disruption of one's grief, were revealed as main themes by thematic analysis. Without physical participation the respondents felt (partially) disconnected from the ritual and isolated from the community. The physical absence impacted ritual transformation and meaning making after a loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Wojtkowiak
- Department of Humanist Chaplaincy Studies for a Plural Society, University of Humanistic Studies, Utrecht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has halted life all around the world. The disease, along with quarantine, social distancing, unemployment, and displacement, has led to myriad losses. There is a rising concern for the epidemic of grief that can result from these multiple losses. The present study aimed to investigate how grief is understood and discussed in the extant literature during the COVID pandemic. A systematic literature review was conducted using PsycArticles, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The qualitative synthesis of 33 articles indicates that grief can be manifested at various levels such as grief for self, relational grief, collective grief, and ecological grief. Another theme emphasizes some of the factors that could intensify the grief process leading to prolonged grief disorder. A third theme relates to the focus of grief processes as experienced by individuals in different developmental periods from childhood to senescence. The study contributes theoretically by expanding our perception and understanding of varied forms of grief.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh M. Kumar
- Ritesh M. Kumar, Department of Humanities
and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Haridwar, Roorkee,
Uttarakhand 247667, India.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lee J, Kim Y, Kelsey JP. Beyond Wishful Thinking during the COVID-19 Pandemic: How Hope Reduces the Effects of Death Arousal on Hostility toward Outgroups among Conservative and Liberal Media Users for COVID-19 Information. Health Commun 2022; 37:1832-1841. [PMID: 33941006 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2021.1921906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has made death more salient to individuals, which has partly contributed to the amplification of hostility toward others who have different perspectives from oneself. Recognizing that the politicization of COVID-19 and the resulting polarization have become increasingly critical issues, this study investigates how death-related thinking and hope about the pandemic can affect hostility toward outgroups as well as how conservative and liberal media usages moderate the indirect effects of hope. An online survey experiment of people in the U.S. (N = 759) during the pandemic showed that death arousal reduced hope and that these low levels of hope exacerbated hostility toward outgroups in the pandemic context, confirming the positive impact of hope. Importantly, however, our study did not show that hope had a beneficial impact for heavy conservative media users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Lee
- Department of Journalism and Creative Media, The University of Alabama
| | - Yungwook Kim
- School of Communication and Media, Ewha Womans University
| | - John P Kelsey
- College of Communication and Information Sciences, The University of Alabama
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lucas JJ, Bouchoucha SL, Afrouz R, Reed K, Brennan-Olsen SL. LGBTQ+ Loss and Grief in a Cis-Heteronormative Pandemic: A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis of the COVID-19 Literature. Qual Health Res 2022; 32:2102-2117. [PMID: 36342414 PMCID: PMC9643120 DOI: 10.1177/10497323221138027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
LGBTQ+ people are no stranger to loss and grief, particularly during times of pandemic such as the 1980s-90s HIV/AIDS pandemic and now, the COVID-19 pandemic. Current COVID-19 loss and grief research remains relatively silent on LGBTQ+ peoples' loss and grief experiences. The aim of this research was to conduct a qualitative evidence synthesis of LGBTQ+ people's COVID-19 loss and grief experiences reported in the literature. A systematic search and inclusion strategy identified 22 relevant articles for review. Inductive thematic synthesis resulted in five loss-focused themes across the articles: (1) loss of work and livelihood, (2) loss of social and kinship connection, (3) loss of LGBTQ+ community connection, (4) loss of physical and mental health supports and (5) loss of LGBTQ+ identity authenticity, affirmation and visibility. Discussion of these themes highlights the many layered and often disenfranchised nature of LGBTQ+ people's loss during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James J. Lucas
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
- James J. Lucas, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University; Postal Address: Locked Bag 20001, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Stéphane L. Bouchoucha
- Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - Rojan Afrouz
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Kirk Reed
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Sharon L. Brennan-Olsen
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
van Schaik T, Brouwer MA, Knibbe NE, Knibbe HJJ, Teunissen SCCM. The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Grief Experiences of Bereaved Relatives: An Overview Review. Omega (Westport) 2022:302228221143861. [PMID: 36453639 PMCID: PMC9720061 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221143861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted grief experiences of bereaved relatives and altered accustomed ways of coping with loss. To understand how bereaved relatives experienced grief during COVID-19, a review, using the overview method, was conducted. An overview of empirical data about this subject has been lacking and therefore, PubMed and CINAHL databases were searched for empirical studies published from January 1, 2020 until December 31, 2021. 28 articles were included in the review. Thematic analysis showed different emotional responses, changes in grief, the effect of absence during final moments, a lack of involvement in the caring process, the impact on communities and social support systems and the alteration of funerals among bereaved relatives. During COVID-19, death is characterized by poor bereavement outcomes and health implications, but bereaved also show signs of resilience and coping. Directions for future research about cultural and societal differences in grief and support methods are suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara van Schaik
- Julius Center for Health Sciences
and Primary Care, University Medical Center
Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marije A. Brouwer
- Julius Center for Health Sciences
and Primary Care, University Medical Center
Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Saskia C. C. M. Teunissen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences
and Primary Care, University Medical Center
Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|