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Benmelech S, Le T, McKay M, Nam J, Subramaniam K, Tellez D, Vlasak G, Mak M. Biophysical and biochemical aspects of immune cell-tumor microenvironment interactions. APL Bioeng 2024; 8:021502. [PMID: 38572312 PMCID: PMC10990568 DOI: 10.1063/5.0195244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME), composed of and influenced by a heterogeneous set of cancer cells and an extracellular matrix, plays a crucial role in cancer progression. The biophysical aspects of the TME (namely, its architecture and mechanics) regulate interactions and spatial distributions of cancer cells and immune cells. In this review, we discuss the factors of the TME-notably, the extracellular matrix, as well as tumor and stromal cells-that contribute to a pro-tumor, immunosuppressive response. We then discuss the ways in which cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems respond to tumors from both biochemical and biophysical perspectives, with increased focus on CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Building upon this information, we turn to immune-based antitumor interventions-specifically, recent biophysical breakthroughs aimed at improving CAR-T cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoham Benmelech
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Thien Le
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Maggie McKay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Jungmin Nam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Krupakar Subramaniam
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Daniela Tellez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Grace Vlasak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Michael Mak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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2
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Djajawi TM, Wichmann J, Vervoort SJ, Kearney CJ. Tumor immune evasion: insights from CRISPR screens and future directions. FEBS J 2024; 291:1386-1399. [PMID: 37971319 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite the clinical success of cancer immunotherapies including immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cellular therapies across a variety of cancer types, many patients do not respond or ultimately relapse; however, the molecular underpinnings of this are not fully understood. Thus, a system-level understating of the routes to tumor immune evasion is required to inform the design of the next generation of immunotherapy approaches. CRISPR screening approaches have proved extremely powerful in identifying genes that promote tumor immune evasion or sensitize tumor cells to destruction by the immune system. These large-scale efforts have brought to light decades worth of fundamental immunology and have uncovered the key immune-evasion pathways subverted in cancers in an acquired manner in patients receiving immune-modulatory therapies. The comprehensive discovery of the main pathways involved in immune evasion has spurred the development and application of novel immune therapies to target this process. Although successful, conventional CRISPR screening approaches are hampered by a number of limitations, which obfuscate a complete understanding of the precise molecular regulation of immune evasion in cancer. Here, we provide a perspective on screening approaches to interrogate tumor-lymphocyte interactions and their limitations, and discuss further development of technologies to improve such approaches and discovery capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirta Mario Djajawi
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Vic., Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Johannes Wichmann
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Stephin J Vervoort
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Conor J Kearney
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Vic., Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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3
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Peuget S, Zhou X, Selivanova G. Translating p53-based therapies for cancer into the clinic. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:192-215. [PMID: 38287107 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00658-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Inactivation of the most important tumour suppressor gene TP53 occurs in most, if not all, human cancers. Loss of functional wild-type p53 is achieved via two main mechanisms: mutation of the gene leading to an absence of tumour suppressor activity and, in some cases, gain-of-oncogenic function; or inhibition of the wild-type p53 protein mediated by overexpression of its negative regulators MDM2 and MDMX. Because of its high potency as a tumour suppressor and the dependence of at least some established tumours on its inactivation, p53 appears to be a highly attractive target for the development of new anticancer drugs. However, p53 is a transcription factor and therefore has long been considered undruggable. Nevertheless, several innovative strategies have been pursued for targeting dysfunctional p53 for cancer treatment. In mutant p53-expressing tumours, the predominant strategy is to restore tumour suppressor function with compounds acting either in a generic manner or otherwise selective for one or a few specific p53 mutations. In addition, approaches to deplete mutant p53 or to target vulnerabilities created by mutant p53 expression are currently under development. In wild-type p53 tumours, the major approach is to protect p53 from the actions of MDM2 and MDMX by targeting these negative regulators with inhibitors. Although the results of at least some clinical trials of MDM2 inhibitors and mutant p53-restoring compounds are promising, none of the agents has yet been approved by the FDA. Alternative strategies, based on a better understanding of p53 biology, the mechanisms of action of compounds and treatment regimens as well as the development of new technologies are gaining interest, such as proteolysis-targeting chimeras for MDM2 degradation. Other approaches are taking advantage of the progress made in immune-based therapies for cancer. In this Review, we present these ongoing clinical trials and emerging approaches to re-evaluate the current state of knowledge of p53-based therapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Peuget
- Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaolei Zhou
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Galina Selivanova
- Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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4
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Leuzzi G, Vasciaveo A, Taglialatela A, Chen X, Firestone TM, Hickman AR, Mao W, Thakar T, Vaitsiankova A, Huang JW, Cuella-Martin R, Hayward SB, Kesner JS, Ghasemzadeh A, Nambiar TS, Ho P, Rialdi A, Hebrard M, Li Y, Gao J, Gopinath S, Adeleke OA, Venters BJ, Drake CG, Baer R, Izar B, Guccione E, Keogh MC, Guerois R, Sun L, Lu C, Califano A, Ciccia A. SMARCAL1 is a dual regulator of innate immune signaling and PD-L1 expression that promotes tumor immune evasion. Cell 2024; 187:861-881.e32. [PMID: 38301646 PMCID: PMC10980358 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Genomic instability can trigger cancer-intrinsic innate immune responses that promote tumor rejection. However, cancer cells often evade these responses by overexpressing immune checkpoint regulators, such as PD-L1. Here, we identify the SNF2-family DNA translocase SMARCAL1 as a factor that favors tumor immune evasion by a dual mechanism involving both the suppression of innate immune signaling and the induction of PD-L1-mediated immune checkpoint responses. Mechanistically, SMARCAL1 limits endogenous DNA damage, thereby suppressing cGAS-STING-dependent signaling during cancer cell growth. Simultaneously, it cooperates with the AP-1 family member JUN to maintain chromatin accessibility at a PD-L1 transcriptional regulatory element, thereby promoting PD-L1 expression in cancer cells. SMARCAL1 loss hinders the ability of tumor cells to induce PD-L1 in response to genomic instability, enhances anti-tumor immune responses and sensitizes tumors to immune checkpoint blockade in a mouse melanoma model. Collectively, these studies uncover SMARCAL1 as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Leuzzi
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alessandro Vasciaveo
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Angelo Taglialatela
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | | | - Wendy Mao
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tanay Thakar
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alina Vaitsiankova
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jen-Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Raquel Cuella-Martin
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Samuel B Hayward
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jordan S Kesner
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ali Ghasemzadeh
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tarun S Nambiar
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Patricia Ho
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alexander Rialdi
- Center for OncoGenomics and Innovative Therapeutics (COGIT), Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Oncological Sciences and Pharmacological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Maxime Hebrard
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yinglu Li
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jinmei Gao
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | | | - Charles G Drake
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Urology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Richard Baer
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Benjamin Izar
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Center for OncoGenomics and Innovative Therapeutics (COGIT), Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Oncological Sciences and Pharmacological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Raphael Guerois
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Lu Sun
- EpiCypher Inc., Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Andrea Califano
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alberto Ciccia
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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5
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Dupéré-Richer D, Riva A, Maji S, Barwick BG, Román HC, Sobh A, Quickstad G, Li J, De U, Piper C, Kulis M, Ezponda T, Martin-Subero JI, Tonon G, Zhang W, Mitsiades CS, Boise LH, Bennett RL, Licht JD. KDM6A Regulates Immune Response Genes in Multiple Myeloma. bioRxiv 2024:2024.02.12.579179. [PMID: 38405853 PMCID: PMC10888870 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.12.579179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The histone H3K27 demethylase KDM6A is a tumor suppressor in multiple cancers, including multiple myeloma (MM). We created isogenic MM cells disrupted for KDM6A and tagged the endogenous protein to facilitate genome wide studies. KDM6A binds genes associated with immune recognition and cytokine signaling. Most importantly, KDM6A binds and activates NLRC5 and CIITA encoding regulators of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes. Patient data indicate that NLRC5 and CIITA, are downregulated in MM with low KDM6A expression. Chromatin analysis shows that KDM6A binds poised and active enhancers and KDM6A loss led to decreased H3K27ac at enhancers, increased H3K27me3 levels in body of genes bound by KDM6A and decreased gene expression. Reestablishing histone acetylation with an HDAC3 inhibitor leads to upregulation of MHC expression, offering a strategy to restore immunogenicity of KDM6A deficient tumors. Loss of Kdm6a in murine RAS-transformed fibroblasts led to increased growth in vivo associated with decreased T cell infiltration. Statement of significance We show that KDM6A participates in immune recognition of myeloma tumor cells by directly regulating the expression of the master regulators of MHC-I and II, NLRC5 and CIITA. The expression of these regulators can by rescued by the HDAC3 inhibitors in KDM6A-null cell lines.
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6
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Gu M, Ren B, Fang Y, Ren J, Liu X, Wang X, Zhou F, Xiao R, Luo X, You L, Zhao Y. Epigenetic regulation in cancer. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e495. [PMID: 38374872 PMCID: PMC10876210 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are defined as heritable changes in gene activity that do not involve changes in the underlying DNA sequence. The oncogenic process is driven by the accumulation of alterations that impact genome's structure and function. Genetic mutations, which directly disrupt the DNA sequence, are complemented by epigenetic modifications that modulate gene expression, thereby facilitating the acquisition of malignant characteristics. Principals among these epigenetic changes are shifts in DNA methylation and histone mark patterns, which promote tumor development and metastasis. Notably, the reversible nature of epigenetic alterations, as opposed to the permanence of genetic changes, positions the epigenetic machinery as a prime target in the discovery of novel therapeutics. Our review delves into the complexities of epigenetic regulation, exploring its profound effects on tumor initiation, metastatic behavior, metabolic pathways, and the tumor microenvironment. We place a particular emphasis on the dysregulation at each level of epigenetic modulation, including but not limited to, the aberrations in enzymes responsible for DNA methylation and histone modification, subunit loss or fusions in chromatin remodeling complexes, and the disturbances in higher-order chromatin structure. Finally, we also evaluate therapeutic approaches that leverage the growing understanding of chromatin dysregulation, offering new avenues for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzhi Gu
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic TumorChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingP. R. China
| | - Bo Ren
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic TumorChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic TumorChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingP. R. China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic TumorChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingP. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic TumorChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingP. R. China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic TumorChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingP. R. China
| | - Feihan Zhou
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic TumorChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingP. R. China
| | - Ruiling Xiao
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic TumorChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingP. R. China
| | - Xiyuan Luo
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic TumorChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingP. R. China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic TumorChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic TumorChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingP. R. China
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7
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Zhao M, Wang T, Gleber-Netto FO, Chen Z, McGrail DJ, Gomez JA, Ju W, Gadhikar MA, Ma W, Shen L, Wang Q, Tang X, Pathak S, Raso MG, Burks JK, Lin SY, Wang J, Multani AS, Pickering CR, Chen J, Myers JN, Zhou G. Mutant p53 gains oncogenic functions through a chromosomal instability-induced cytosolic DNA response. Nat Commun 2024; 15:180. [PMID: 38167338 PMCID: PMC10761733 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44239-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Inactivating TP53 mutations leads to a loss of function of p53, but can also often result in oncogenic gain-of-function (GOF) of mutant p53 (mutp53) proteins which promotes tumor development and progression. The GOF activities of TP53 mutations are well documented, but the mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. Here, we study the mutp53 interactome and find that by targeting minichromosome maintenance complex components (MCMs), GOF mutp53 predisposes cells to replication stress and chromosomal instability (CIN), leading to a tumor cell-autonomous and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-dependent cytosolic DNA response that activates downstream non-canonical nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cell (NC-NF-κB) signaling. Consequently, GOF mutp53-MCMs-CIN-cytosolic DNA-cGAS-STING-NC-NF-κB signaling promotes tumor cell metastasis and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment through antagonizing interferon signaling and regulating genes associated with pro-tumorigenic inflammation. Our findings have important implications for understanding not only the GOF activities of TP53 mutations but also the genome-guardian role of p53 and its inactivation during tumor development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 100142, Beijing, China
| | - Frederico O Gleber-Netto
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Daniel J McGrail
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Javier A Gomez
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wutong Ju
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mayur A Gadhikar
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wencai Ma
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ximing Tang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sen Pathak
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Maria Gabriela Raso
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jared K Burks
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shiaw-Yih Lin
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Asha S Multani
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Curtis R Pickering
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06250, USA
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Myers
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Ge Zhou
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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8
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Bi W, Xu Z, Liu F, Xie Z, Liu H, Zhu X, Zhong W, Zhang P, Tang X. Genome-wide analyses reveal the contribution of somatic variants to the immune landscape of multiple cancer types. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011134. [PMID: 38241355 PMCID: PMC10829993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been well established that cancer cells can evade immune surveillance by mutating themselves. Understanding genetic alterations in cancer cells that contribute to immune regulation could lead to better immunotherapy patient stratification and identification of novel immune-oncology (IO) targets. In this report, we describe our effort of genome-wide association analyses across 22 TCGA cancer types to explore the associations between genetic alterations in cancer cells and 74 immune traits. Results showed that the tumor microenvironment (TME) is shaped by different gene mutations in different cancer types. Out of the key genes that drive multiple immune traits, top hit KEAP1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) was selected for validation. It was found that KEAP1 mutations can explain more than 10% of the variance for multiple immune traits in LUAD. Using public scRNA-seq data, further analysis confirmed that KEAP1 mutations activate the NRF2 pathway and promote a suppressive TME. The activation of the NRF2 pathway is negatively correlated with lower T cell infiltration and higher T cell exhaustion. Meanwhile, several immune check point genes, such as CD274 (PD-L1), are highly expressed in NRF2-activated cancer cells. By integrating multiple RNA-seq data, a NRF2 gene signature was curated, which predicts anti-PD1 therapy response better than CD274 gene alone in a mixed cohort of different subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) including LUAD, highlighting the important role of KEAP1-NRF2 axis in shaping the TME in NSCLC. Finally, a list of overexpressed ligands in NRF2 pathway activated cancer cells were identified and could potentially be targeted for TME remodeling in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Bi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Xu
- Regor Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Feng Liu
- Regor Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Zhi Xie
- Regor Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hao Liu
- Regor Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Xiaotian Zhu
- Regor Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Wenge Zhong
- Regor Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing Tang
- Regor Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
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9
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Mempel TR, Lill JK, Altenburger LM. How chemokines organize the tumour microenvironment. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:28-50. [PMID: 38066335 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00635-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
For our immune system to contain or eliminate malignant solid tumours, both myeloid and lymphoid haematopoietic cells must not only extravasate from the bloodstream into the tumour tissue but also further migrate to various specialized niches of the tumour microenvironment to functionally interact with each other, with non-haematopoietic stromal cells and, ultimately, with cancer cells. These interactions regulate local immune cell survival, proliferative expansion, differentiation and their execution of pro-tumour or antitumour effector functions, which collectively determine the outcome of spontaneous or therapeutically induced antitumour immune responses. None of these interactions occur randomly but are orchestrated and critically depend on migratory guidance cues provided by chemokines, a large family of chemotactic cytokines, and their receptors. Understanding the functional organization of the tumour immune microenvironment inevitably requires knowledge of the multifaceted roles of chemokines in the recruitment and positioning of its cellular constituents. Gaining such knowledge will not only generate new insights into the mechanisms underlying antitumour immunity or immune tolerance but also inform the development of biomarkers (or 'biopatterns') based on spatial tumour tissue analyses, as well as novel strategies to therapeutically engineer immune responses in patients with cancer. Here we will discuss recent observations on the role of chemokines in the tumour microenvironment in the context of our knowledge of their physiological functions in development, homeostasis and antimicrobial responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten R Mempel
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Julia K Lill
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lukas M Altenburger
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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10
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Sugimoto E, Li J, Hayashi Y, Iida K, Asada S, Fukushima T, Tamura M, Shikata S, Zhang W, Yamamoto K, Kawabata KC, Kawase T, Saito T, Yoshida T, Yamazaki S, Kaito Y, Imai Y, Denda T, Ota Y, Fukuyama T, Tanaka Y, Enomoto Y, Kitamura T, Goyama S. Hyperactive Natural Killer cells in Rag2 knockout mice inhibit the development of acute myeloid leukemia. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1294. [PMID: 38129572 PMCID: PMC10739813 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05606-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has attracted considerable attention as a therapeutic strategy for cancers including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we found that the development of several aggressive subtypes of AML is slower in Rag2-/- mice despite the lack of B and T lymphocytes, even compared to the immunologically normal C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, an orally active p53-activating drug shows stronger antileukemia effect on AML in Rag2-/- mice than C57BL/6 mice. Intriguingly, Natural Killer (NK) cells in Rag2-/- mice are increased in number, highly express activation markers, and show increased cytotoxicity to leukemia cells in a coculture assay. B2m depletion that triggers missing-self recognition of NK cells impairs the growth of AML cells in vivo. In contrast, NK cell depletion accelerates AML progression in Rag2-/- mice. Interestingly, immunogenicity of AML keeps changing during tumor evolution, showing a trend that the aggressive AMLs generate through serial transplantations are susceptible to NK cell-mediated tumor suppression in Rag2-/- mice. Thus, we show the critical role of NK cells in suppressing the development of certain subtypes of AML using Rag2-/- mice, which lack functional lymphocytes but have hyperactive NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Sugimoto
- Division of Cellular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jingmei Li
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Hayashi
- Division of Cellular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Iida
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Asada
- Division of Cellular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Fukushima
- Division of Cellular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Moe Tamura
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiori Shikata
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wenyu Zhang
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Yamamoto
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimihito Cojin Kawabata
- Division of Cellular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kawase
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Saito
- Clinical Pharmacology Exploratory Development, Astellas Pharma, Westborough, MA, USA
| | - Taku Yoshida
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuta Kaito
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, IMSUT Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Imai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tamami Denda
- Department of Pathology, The Institute of Medical Science Research Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Ota
- Department of Pathology, The Institute of Medical Science Research Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomofusa Fukuyama
- Division of Cellular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tanaka
- Division of Cellular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Enomoto
- Division of Cellular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Kitamura
- Division of Cellular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Susumu Goyama
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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11
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Lu X, Chen W, Tian G, Ge F. THEM6 is a prognostic biomarker for breast cancer and is associated with immune infiltration. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21974. [PMID: 38081884 PMCID: PMC10713618 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49379-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
To characterize the implications of lipid metabolism-related gene thioesterase superfamily member 6 (THEM6) in breast cancer. Several databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were utilized for our meticulous bioinformatics analysis. We further performed qRT-PCR, immunoblotting and IHC assays to validate the expression of THEM6 in various breast cancer cells and tissues. In addition, we have carried out relevant functional experiments to explore the regulatory role of THEM6 in vitro. Lipid metabolism-related genes are independent factors for overall survival. According to several databases, THEM6 was significantly more expressed in cancerous tissues of breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA) compared to its paracancerous tissues. Furthermore, THEM6 overexpression was correlated with poorer overall survival of BRCA patients, serving as a separate prognostic factor for BRCA. Biological functional analyses revealed that THEM6 was associated with tumor progression and pathogenesis. Finally, we discovered that in BRCA, THEM6 expression was linked to multiple immune cell types. qRT-PCR and Western blotting experiments demonstrated a general upregulation of THEM6 expression in breast carcinoma cells. IHC showed that THEM6 was expressed in both breast cancer tissues and para-cancer tissues, but its expression level was significantly higher in carcinoma tissues. In vitro studies indicated that THEM6 increased proliferation, invasion, and inhibited apoptosis of breast carcinoma cells, while also affecting the cell cycle and promoting cancer progression. Furthermore, THEM6 may influence macrophage recruitment and polarization in the tumor microenvironment by regulating CCL2 secretion, which in turn affects macrophage recruitment in the tumor microenvironment. Our findings indicate that the overexpression of THEM6, which is linked to the development of breast cancer, is a predictor of a poor prognosis and has an impact on the degree of immune cell infiltration. Therefore, THEM6 has the potential to be a valuable target for BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjia Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650223, China
- Kunming Medical University, No. 1 School of Clinical Medicine, Kunming, 650223, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human, Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Wenlin Chen
- Third Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Gengzhou Tian
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Fei Ge
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650223, China.
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12
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You X, Koop K, Weigert A. Heterogeneity of tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1286850. [PMID: 38111571 PMCID: PMC10725932 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1286850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The success of immunotherapy approaches, such as immune checkpoint blockade and cellular immunotherapy with genetically modified lymphocytes, has firmly embedded the immune system in the roadmap for combating cancer. Unfortunately, the majority of cancer patients do not yet benefit from these therapeutic approaches, even when the prognostic relevance of the immune response in their tumor entity has been demonstrated. Therefore, there is a justified need to explore new strategies for inducing anti-tumor immunity. The recent connection between the formation of ectopic lymphoid aggregates at tumor sites and patient prognosis, along with an effective anti-tumor response, suggests that manipulating the occurrence of these tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) may play a critical role in activating the immune system against a growing tumor. However, mechanisms governing TLS formation and a clear understanding of their substantial heterogeneity are still lacking. Here, we briefly summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the mechanisms driving TLS development, outline the impact of TLS heterogeneity on clinical outcomes in cancer patients, and discuss appropriate systems for modeling TLS heterogeneity that may help identify new strategies for inducing protective TLS formation in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin You
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kristina Koop
- First Department of Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), Frankfurt, Germany
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13
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Ryan CJ, Devakumar LPS, Pettitt SJ, Lord CJ. Complex synthetic lethality in cancer. Nat Genet 2023; 55:2039-2048. [PMID: 38036785 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01557-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The concept of synthetic lethality has been widely applied to identify therapeutic targets in cancer, with varying degrees of success. The standard approach normally involves identifying genetic interactions between two genes, a driver and a target. In reality, however, most cancer synthetic lethal effects are likely complex and also polygenic, being influenced by the environment in addition to involving contributions from multiple genes. By acknowledging and delineating this complexity, we describe in this article how the success rate in cancer drug discovery and development could be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm J Ryan
- Conway Institute and School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Lovely Paul Solomon Devakumar
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
| | - Stephen J Pettitt
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
| | - Christopher J Lord
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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14
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Cheng P, Cios KJ, Varkhedi M, Barker VR, Yeagley M, Chobrutskiy A, Chobrutskiy BI, Blanck G. An immunoinformatics assessment of the cancer testis antigen, DDX53, as a potential early esophageal cancer antigen. Oncoscience 2023; 10:59-66. [PMID: 37953875 PMCID: PMC10637345 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
T-lymphocytes have been implicated in facilitating a pro-inflammatory, pro-tumorigenic microenvironment that worsens prognosis for esophageal carcinoma (ESCA). In this study, we identified tumor resident, T-cell receptor (TCR) complementarity determining region-3 (CDR3) amino acid sequences and employed an algorithm particularly suited to the big data setting to evaluate TCR CDR3-cancer testis antigen (CTA) chemical complementarities. Chemical complementarity of the ESCA TCR CDR3s and the cancer testis antigen DDX53 represented a disease-free survival (DFS) distinction, whereby the upper fiftieth percentile complementarity group correlated with worse DFS. The high TCR CDR3-DDX53 complementarity group also represented a greater proportion of tumor samples lacking DDX53 expression. These data and analyses raise the question of whether the TCR CDR3-DDX53 chemical complementarity assessment detected an ESCA immune response that selected for DDX53-negative cells?
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Cheng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (FL) 33612, USA
| | - Konrad J. Cios
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (FL) 33612, USA
| | - Mallika Varkhedi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (FL) 33612, USA
| | - Vayda R. Barker
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (FL) 33612, USA
| | - Michelle Yeagley
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (FL) 33612, USA
| | - Andrea Chobrutskiy
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University Hospital, Portland, Oregon (OR) 97239, USA
| | - Boris I. Chobrutskiy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University Hospital, Portland, Oregon (OR) 97239, USA
| | - George Blanck
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida (FL) 33612, USA
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida (FL) 33612, USA
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15
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Li Y, Ling Ma N, Chen H, Zhong J, Zhang D, Peng W, Shiung Lam S, Yang Y, Yue X, Yan L, Wang T, Styrishave B, Maciej Ciesielski T, Sonne C. High-throughput screening of ancient forest plant extracts shows cytotoxicity towards triple-negative breast cancer. Environ Int 2023; 181:108279. [PMID: 37924601 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, women's breast cancer is among the most common cancers with 7.8 million diagnosed cases during 2016-2020 and encompasses 15 % of all female cancer-related mortalities. These mortality events from triple-negative breast cancer are a significant health issue worldwide calling for a continuous search of bioactive compounds for better cancer treatments. Historically, plants are important sources for identifying such new bioactive chemicals for treatments. Here we use high-throughput screening and mass spectrometry analyses of extracts from 100 plant species collected in Chinese ancient forests to detect novel bioactive breast cancer phytochemicals. First, to study the effects on viability of the plant extracts, we used a MTT and CCK-8 cytotoxicity assay employing triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231 and normal epithelial MCF-10A cell lines and cell cycle arrest to estimate apoptosis using flow cytometry for the most potent three speices. Based on these analyses, the final most potent extracts were from the Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) wood/root bark and Nigaki (Picrasma quassioides) wood/root bark. Then, 5 × 106 MDA-MB-231 cells were injected subcutaneously into the right hind leg of nude mice and a tumour was allowed to grow before treatment for seven days. Subsequently, the four exposed groups received gavage extracts from Amur honeysuckle and Nigaki (Amur honeysuckle wood distilled water, Amur honeysuckle root bark ethanol, Nigaki wood ethanol or Nigaki root bark distilled water/ethanol (1:1) extracts) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), while the control group received only PBS. The tumour weight of treated nude mice was reduced significantly by 60.5 % within 2 weeks, while on average killing 70 % of the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells after 48 h treatment (MTT test). In addition, screening of target genes using the Swiss Target Prediction, STITCH, STRING and NCBI-gene database showed that the four plant extracts possess desirable activity towards several known breast cancer genes. This reflects that the extracts may kill MBD-MB-231 breast cancer cells. This is the first screening of plant extracts with high efficiency in 2 decades, showing promising results for future development of novel cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Li
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Nyuk Ling Ma
- BIOSES Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science & Marine Environment, 21030 Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Global Health Research (CGHR), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Huiling Chen
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jiateng Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Dangquan Zhang
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Wanxi Peng
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yafeng Yang
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xiaochen Yue
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Lijun Yan
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Bjarne Styrishave
- Toxicology and Drug Metabolism Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 3, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tomasz Maciej Ciesielski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Ecoscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India.
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16
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Xin Y, Li K, Huang M, Liang C, Siemann D, Wu L, Tan Y, Tang X. Biophysics in tumor growth and progression: from single mechano-sensitive molecules to mechanomedicine. Oncogene 2023; 42:3457-3490. [PMID: 37864030 PMCID: PMC10656290 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02844-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Evidence from physical sciences in oncology increasingly suggests that the interplay between the biophysical tumor microenvironment and genetic regulation has significant impact on tumor progression. Especially, tumor cells and the associated stromal cells not only alter their own cytoskeleton and physical properties but also remodel the microenvironment with anomalous physical properties. Together, these altered mechano-omics of tumor tissues and their constituents fundamentally shift the mechanotransduction paradigms in tumorous and stromal cells and activate oncogenic signaling within the neoplastic niche to facilitate tumor progression. However, current findings on tumor biophysics are limited, scattered, and often contradictory in multiple contexts. Systematic understanding of how biophysical cues influence tumor pathophysiology is still lacking. This review discusses recent different schools of findings in tumor biophysics that have arisen from multi-scale mechanobiology and the cutting-edge technologies. These findings range from the molecular and cellular to the whole tissue level and feature functional crosstalk between mechanotransduction and oncogenic signaling. We highlight the potential of these anomalous physical alterations as new therapeutic targets for cancer mechanomedicine. This framework reconciles opposing opinions in the field, proposes new directions for future cancer research, and conceptualizes novel mechanomedicine landscape to overcome the inherent shortcomings of conventional cancer diagnosis and therapies.
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Grants
- R35 GM150812 NIGMS NIH HHS
- This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project no. 11972316, Y.T.), Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission (Project no. JCYJ20200109142001798, SGDX2020110309520303, and JCYJ20220531091002006, Y.T.), General Research Fund of Hong Kong Research Grant Council (PolyU 15214320, Y. T.), Health and Medical Research Fund (HMRF18191421, Y.T.), Hong Kong Polytechnic University (1-CD75, 1-ZE2M, and 1-ZVY1, Y.T.), the Cancer Pilot Research Award from UF Health Cancer Center (X. T.), the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award number R35GM150812 (X. T.), the National Science Foundation under grant number 2308574 (X. T.), the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under award number FA9550-23-1-0393 (X. T.), the University Scholar Program (X. T.), UF Research Opportunity Seed Fund (X. T.), the Gatorade Award (X. T.), and the National Science Foundation REU Site at UF: Engineering for Healthcare (Douglas Spearot and Malisa Sarntinoranont). We are deeply grateful for the insightful discussions with and generous support from all members of Tang (UF)’s and Tan (PolyU)’s laboratories and all staff members of the MAE/BME/ECE/Health Cancer Center at UF and BME at PolyU.
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xin
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Keming Li
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Miao Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chenyu Liang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dietmar Siemann
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lizi Wu
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Youhua Tan
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
- Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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17
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Yu S, Wang S, Xiong B, Peng C. Gut microbiota: key facilitator in metastasis of colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1270991. [PMID: 38023192 PMCID: PMC10643165 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1270991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in terms of incidence among all kinds of cancer. The main cause of death is metastasis. Recent studies have shown that the gut microbiota could facilitate cancer metastasis by promoting cancer cells proliferation, invasion, dissemination, and survival. Multiple mechanisms have been implicated, such as RNA-mediated targeting effects, activation of tumor signaling cascades, secretion of microbiota-derived functional substances, regulation of mRNA methylation, facilitated immune evasion, increased intravasation of cancer cells, and remodeling of tumor microenvironment (TME). The understanding of CRC metastasis was further deepened by the mechanisms mentioned above. In this review, the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota participates in the process of CRC metastasis were reviewed as followed based on recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Xiong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunwei Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
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18
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Zhu M, Kim J, Deng Q, Ricciuti B, Alessi JV, Eglenen-Polat B, Bender ME, Huang HC, Kowash RR, Cuevas I, Bennett ZT, Gao J, Minna JD, Castrillon DH, Awad MM, Xu L, Akbay EA. Loss of p53 and mutational heterogeneity drives immune resistance in an autochthonous mouse lung cancer model with high tumor mutational burden. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:1731-1748.e8. [PMID: 37774698 PMCID: PMC10693909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The role of tumor mutational burden (TMB) in shaping tumor immunity is a key question that has not been addressable using genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of lung cancer. To induce TMB in lung GEMMs, we expressed an ultra-mutator variant of DNA polymerase-E (POLE)P286R in lung epithelial cells. Introduction of PoleP286R allele into KrasG12D and KrasG12D; p53L/L (KP) models significantly increase their TMB. Immunogenicity and sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) induced by Pole is partially dependent on p53. Corroborating these observations, survival of NSCLC patients whose tumors have TP53truncating mutations is shorter than those with TP53WT with immunotherapy. Immune resistance is in part through reduced antigen presentation and in part due to mutational heterogeneity. Total STING protein levels are elevated in Pole mutated KP tumors creating a vulnerability. A stable polyvalent STING agonist or p53 induction increases sensitivity to immunotherapy offering therapeutic options in these polyclonal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Zhu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jiwoong Kim
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population & Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Qing Deng
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Biagio Ricciuti
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joao V Alessi
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Buse Eglenen-Polat
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Matthew E Bender
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hai-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ryan R Kowash
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ileana Cuevas
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zachary T Bennett
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jinming Gao
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John D Minna
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Diego H Castrillon
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mark M Awad
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population & Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Esra A Akbay
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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19
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Reece AS, Hulse GK. Perturbation of 3D nuclear architecture, epigenomic aging and dysregulation, and cannabinoid synaptopathy reconfigures conceptualization of cannabinoid pathophysiology: part 2-Metabolome, immunome, synaptome. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1182536. [PMID: 37854446 PMCID: PMC10579598 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1182536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The second part of this paper builds upon and expands the epigenomic-aging perspective presented in Part 1 to describe the metabolomic and immunomic bases of the epigenomic-aging changes and then considers in some detail the application of these insights to neurotoxicity, neuronal epigenotoxicity, and synaptopathy. Cannabinoids are well-known to have bidirectional immunomodulatory activities on numerous parts of the immune system. Immune perturbations are well-known to impact the aging process, the epigenome, and intermediate metabolism. Cannabinoids also impact metabolism via many pathways. Metabolism directly impacts immune, genetic, and epigenetic processes. Synaptic activity, synaptic pruning, and, thus, the sculpting of neural circuits are based upon metabolic, immune, and epigenomic networks at the synapse, around the synapse, and in the cell body. Many neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, and autistic spectrum disorder have been linked with cannabis. Therefore, it is important to consider these features and their complex interrelationships in reaching a comprehensive understanding of cannabinoid dependence. Together these findings indicate that cannabinoid perturbations of the immunome and metabolome are important to consider alongside the well-recognized genomic and epigenomic perturbations and it is important to understand their interdependence and interconnectedness in reaching a comprehensive appreciation of the true nature of cannabinoid pathophysiology. For these reasons, a comprehensive appreciation of cannabinoid pathophysiology necessitates a coordinated multiomics investigation of cannabinoid genome-epigenome-transcriptome-metabolome-immunome, chromatin conformation, and 3D nuclear architecture which therefore form the proper mechanistic underpinning for major new and concerning epidemiological findings relating to cannabis exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Stuart Reece
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Gary Kenneth Hulse
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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20
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Tan K, Song Y, Xu M, You Z. Clinical evidence for a role of E2F1-induced replication stress in modulating tumor mutational burden and immune microenvironment. DNA Repair (Amst) 2023; 129:103531. [PMID: 37453246 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2023.103531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
DNA replication stress (RS) is frequently induced by oncogene activation and is believed to promote tumorigenesis. However, clinical evidence for the role of oncogene-induced RS in tumorigenesis remains scarce, and the mechanisms by which RS promotes cancer development remain incompletely understood. By performing a series of bioinformatic analyses on the oncogene E2F1, other RS-inducing factors, and replication fork processing factors in TCGA cancer database using previously established tools, we show that hyperactivity of E2F1 likely promotes the expression of several of these factors in virtually all types of cancer to induce RS and cytosolic self-DNA production. In addition, the expression of these factors positively correlates with that of ATR and Chk1 that govern the cellular response to RS, the tumor mutational load, and tumor infiltration of immune-suppressive CD4+Th2 cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Consistently, high expression of these factors is associated with poor patient survival. Our study provides new insights into the role of E2F1-induced RS in tumorigenesis and suggests therapeutic approaches for E2F1-overexpressing cancers by targeting genomic instability, cytosolic self-DNA and the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yizhe Song
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Zhongsheng You
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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21
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Bowen MB, Helmink BA, Wargo JA, Yates MS. TIME for Bugs: The Immune Microenvironment and Microbes in Precancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2023; 16:497-505. [PMID: 37428011 PMCID: PMC10542944 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-23-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Major advances in our understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in established cancer have been made, including the influence of host-intrinsic (host genomics) and -extrinsic factors (such as diet and the microbiome) on treatment response. Nonetheless, the immune and microbiome milieu across the spectrum of precancerous tissue and early neoplasia is a growing area of interest. There are emerging data describing the contribution of the immune microenvironment and microbiota on benign and premalignant tissues, with opportunities to target these factors in cancer prevention and interception. Throughout this review, we provide rationale for not only the critical need to further elucidate the premalignant immune microenvironment, but also for the utility of pharmacologic and lifestyle interventions to alter the immune microenvironment of early lesions to reverse carcinogenesis. Novel research methodologies, such as implementing spatial transcriptomics and proteomics, in combination with innovative sampling methods will advance precision targeting of the premalignant immune microenvironment. Additional studies defining the continuum of immune and microbiome evolution, which emerges in parallel with tumor development, will provide novel opportunities for cancer interception at the earliest steps in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikayla Borthwick Bowen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Beth A Helmink
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Melinda S Yates
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
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22
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Tan K, Fang Z, Kong L, Cheng C, Hwang S, Xu M. Pan-cancer analyses reveal GTSE1 as a biomarker for the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34996. [PMID: 37653815 PMCID: PMC10470696 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
G2 and S phase-expressed-1 (GTSE1) has been reported to be associated with poor prognosis in many cancer types. However, the knowledge of GTSE1 across 33 cancer types remains scarce, and the mechanisms by which GTSE1 promotes cancer development remain incompletely understood. R language and TIMER2.0 were used to analyze the clinical relevance of GTSE1 across > 10,000 subjects representing 33 cancer types based on the cancer genome atlas databases. The expression of GTSE1 was upregulated in almost all cancer types and hyperactivity of GTSE1 is likely to induce DNA repair response and positively correlates with the tumor mutational burden and microsatellite instability which are both promising predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy. GTSE1 was upregulated in TP53 mutation patients. Additionally, GTSE1 also positively correlates with tumor purity and tumor infiltration of immune-suppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Consistently, high expression of GTSE1 is associated with poor patient survival in many cancer types. Conclusion: Our study provides new insights into the diagnostic and prognostic role of GTSE1 in cancers and suggests therapeutic approaches for GTSE1-overexpressing cancers by targeting DNA repair response, and the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zixuan Fang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingzhen Kong
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Chen Cheng
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Sydney Hwang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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23
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Gu X, Nardone C, Kamitaki N, Mao A, Elledge SJ, Greenberg ME. The midnolin-proteasome pathway catches proteins for ubiquitination-independent degradation. Science 2023; 381:eadh5021. [PMID: 37616343 PMCID: PMC10617673 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh5021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Cells use ubiquitin to mark proteins for proteasomal degradation. Although the proteasome also eliminates proteins that are not ubiquitinated, how this occurs mechanistically is unclear. Here, we found that midnolin promoted the destruction of many nuclear proteins, including transcription factors encoded by the immediate-early genes. Diverse stimuli induced midnolin, and its overexpression was sufficient to cause the degradation of its targets by a mechanism that did not require ubiquitination. Instead, midnolin associated with the proteasome via an α helix, used its Catch domain to bind a region within substrates that can form a β strand, and used a ubiquitin-like domain to promote substrate destruction. Thus, midnolin contains three regions that function in concert to target a large set of nuclear proteins to the proteasome for degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christopher Nardone
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nolan Kamitaki
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aoyue Mao
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Stephen J. Elledge
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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24
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Goldman O, Adler LN, Hajaj E, Croese T, Darzi N, Galai S, Tishler H, Ariav Y, Lavie D, Fellus-Alyagor L, Oren R, Kuznetsov Y, David E, Jaschek R, Stossel C, Singer O, Malitsky S, Barak R, Seger R, Erez N, Amit I, Tanay A, Saada A, Golan T, Rubinek T, Sang Lee J, Ben-Shachar S, Wolf I, Erez A. Early Infiltration of Innate Immune Cells to the Liver Depletes HNF4α and Promotes Extrahepatic Carcinogenesis. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1616-1635. [PMID: 36972357 PMCID: PMC10326600 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-1062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Multiple studies have identified metabolic changes within the tumor and its microenvironment during carcinogenesis. Yet, the mechanisms by which tumors affect the host metabolism are unclear. We find that systemic inflammation induced by cancer leads to liver infiltration of myeloid cells at early extrahepatic carcinogenesis. The infiltrating immune cells via IL6-pSTAT3 immune-hepatocyte cross-talk cause the depletion of a master metabolic regulator, HNF4α, consequently leading to systemic metabolic changes that promote breast and pancreatic cancer proliferation and a worse outcome. Preserving HNF4α levels maintains liver metabolism and restricts carcinogenesis. Standard liver biochemical tests can identify early metabolic changes and predict patients' outcomes and weight loss. Thus, the tumor induces early metabolic changes in its macroenvironment with diagnostic and potentially therapeutic implications for the host. SIGNIFICANCE Cancer growth requires a permanent nutrient supply starting from early disease stages. We find that the tumor extends its effect to the host's liver to obtain nutrients and rewires the systemic and tissue-specific metabolism early during carcinogenesis. Preserving liver metabolism restricts tumor growth and improves cancer outcomes. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1501.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Goldman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lital N Adler
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Emma Hajaj
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tommaso Croese
- Department of Brain Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Naama Darzi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sivan Galai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hila Tishler
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yarden Ariav
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dor Lavie
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Liat Fellus-Alyagor
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Roni Oren
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yuri Kuznetsov
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eyal David
- Department of System Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rami Jaschek
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Chani Stossel
- Oncology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Oded Singer
- Life Science Core Facility, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Life Science Core Facility, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Renana Barak
- Oncology Division, Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rony Seger
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Neta Erez
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ido Amit
- Department of System Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Amos Tanay
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ann Saada
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University and Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Talia Golan
- Oncology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tamar Rubinek
- Oncology Division, Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Joo Sang Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Department of Artificial Intelligence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shay Ben-Shachar
- Clalit Research Institute, Innovation Division, Clalit Health Services, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ido Wolf
- Oncology Division, Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ayelet Erez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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25
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Misetic H, Keddar MR, Jeannon JP, Ciccarelli FD. Mechanistic insights into the interactions between cancer drivers and the tumour immune microenvironment. Genome Med 2023; 15:40. [PMID: 37277866 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The crosstalk between cancer and the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) has attracted significant interest in the latest years because of its impact on cancer evolution and response to treatment. Despite this, cancer-specific tumour-TIME interactions and their mechanistic insights are still poorly understood. METHODS Here, we compute the significant interactions occurring between cancer-specific genetic drivers and five anti- and pro-tumour TIME features in 32 cancer types using Lasso regularised ordinal regression. Focusing on head and neck squamous cancer (HNSC), we rebuild the functional networks linking specific TIME driver alterations to the TIME state they associate with. RESULTS The 477 TIME drivers that we identify are multifunctional genes whose alterations are selected early in cancer evolution and recur across and within cancer types. Tumour suppressors and oncogenes have an opposite effect on the TIME and the overall anti-tumour TIME driver burden is predictive of response to immunotherapy. TIME driver alterations predict the immune profiles of HNSC molecular subtypes, and perturbations in keratinization, apoptosis and interferon signalling underpin specific driver-TIME interactions. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study delivers a comprehensive resource of TIME drivers, gives mechanistic insights into their immune-regulatory role, and provides an additional framework for patient prioritisation to immunotherapy. The full list of TIME drivers and associated properties are available at http://www.network-cancer-genes.org .
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrvoje Misetic
- Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, SE11UL, UK
| | - Mohamed Reda Keddar
- Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, SE11UL, UK
| | - Jean-Pierre Jeannon
- Department of Head & Neck Surgery, Great Maze Pond, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Francesca D Ciccarelli
- Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, SE11UL, UK.
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26
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Torres AJF, Duryea J, McDonald OG. Pancreatic cancer epigenetics: adaptive metabolism reprograms starving primary tumors for widespread metastatic outgrowth. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:389-407. [PMID: 37316634 PMCID: PMC10591521 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10116-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a paradigm for adaptation to extreme stress. That is because genetic drivers are selected during tissue injury with epigenetic imprints encoding wound healing responses. Ironically, epigenetic memories of trauma that facilitate neoplasia can also recreate past stresses to restrain malignant progression through symbiotic tumor:stroma crosstalk. This is best exemplified by positive feedback between neoplastic chromatin outputs and fibroinflammatory stromal cues that encase malignant glands within a nutrient-deprived desmoplastic stroma. Because epigenetic imprints are chemically encoded by nutrient-derived metabolites bonded to chromatin, primary tumor metabolism adapts to preserve malignant epigenetic fidelity during starvation. Despite these adaptations, stromal stresses inevitably awaken primordial drives to seek more hospitable climates. The invasive migrations that ensue facilitate entry into the metastatic cascade. Metastatic routes present nutrient-replete reservoirs that accelerate malignant progression through adaptive metaboloepigenetics. This is best exemplified by positive feedback between biosynthetic enzymes and nutrient transporters that saturate malignant chromatin with pro-metastatic metabolite byproducts. Here we present a contemporary view of pancreatic cancer epigenetics: selection of neoplastic chromatin under fibroinflammatory pressures, preservation of malignant chromatin during starvation stresses, and saturation of metastatic chromatin by nutritional excesses that fuel lethal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaldo J Franco Torres
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Rosenstiel Medical Sciences Building Room 4086A, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jeffrey Duryea
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Rosenstiel Medical Sciences Building Room 4086A, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Oliver G McDonald
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Rosenstiel Medical Sciences Building Room 4086A, Miami, FL, USA.
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the commonest cancers globally. A unique aspect of CRC is its intimate association with the gut microbiota, which forms an essential part of the tumour microenvironment. Research over the past decade has established that dysbiosis of gut bacteria, fungi, viruses and Archaea accompanies colorectal tumorigenesis, and these changes might be causative. Data from mechanistic studies demonstrate the ability of the gut microbiota to interact with the colonic epithelia and immune cells of the host via the release of a diverse range of metabolites, proteins and macromolecules that regulate CRC development. Preclinical and some clinical evidence also underscores the role of the gut microbiota in modifying the therapeutic responses of patients with CRC to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Herein, we summarize our current understanding of the role of gut microbiota in CRC and outline the potential translational and clinical implications for CRC diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Emphasis is placed on how the gut microbiota could now be better harnessed by developing targeted microbial therapeutics as chemopreventive agents against colorectal tumorigenesis, as adjuvants for chemotherapy and immunotherapy to boost drug efficacy and safety, and as non-invasive biomarkers for CRC screening and patient stratification. Finally, we highlight the hurdles and potential solutions to translating our knowledge of the gut microbiota into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Chun Wong
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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28
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Mao Y, Xie H, Lv M, Yang Q, Shuang Z, Gao F, Li S, Zhu L, Wang W. The landscape of objective response rate of anti-PD-1/L1 monotherapy across 31 types of cancer: a system review and novel biomarker investigating. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023:10.1007/s00262-023-03441-3. [PMID: 37022474 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03441-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically changed the landscape of cancer treatment. However, only a few patients respond to ICI treatment. Thus, uncovering clinically accessible ICI biomarkers would help identify which patients will respond well to ICI treatment. A comprehensive objective response rate (ORR) data of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy in pan-cancer would offer the original data to explore the new biomarkers for ICIs. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase for clinical trials on July 1, 2021, limited to the years 2017-2021, from which we obtained studies centering around anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy. Finally, 121 out of 3099 publications and 143 ORR data were included. All of the 31 tumor types/subtypes can be found in the TCGA database. The gene expression profiles and mutation data were downloaded from TCGA. A comprehensive genome-wide screening of ORR highly correlated mutations among 31 cancers was conducted by Pearson correlation analysis based on the TCGA database. RESULTS According to the ORR, we classified 31 types of cancer into high, medium, and low response types. Further analysis uncovered that "high response" cancers had more T cell infiltration, more neoantigens, and less M2 macrophage infiltration. A panel of 28 biomarkers reviewed from recent articles were investigated with ORR. We also found the TMB as a traditional biomarker had a high correlation coefficient with ORR in pan-cancer, however, the correlation between ITH and ORR was low across pan-cancer. Moreover, we primarily identified 1044 ORR highly correlated mutations through a comprehensive screening of TCGA data, among which USH2A, ZFHX4 and PLCO mutations were found to be highly correlated to strengthened tumor immunogenicity and inflamed antitumor immunity, as well as improved outcomes for ICIs treatment among multiple immunotherapy cohorts. CONCLUSION Our study provides comprehensive data on ORR of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy across 31 tumor types/subtypes and an essential reference of ORR to explore new biomarkers. We also screened out a list of 1044 immune response related genes and we showed that USH2A, ZFHX4 and PLCO mutations may act as good biomarkers for predicting patient response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Hui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Minyi Lv
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Supported By National Key Clinical Discipline, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiuxia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zeyu Shuang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Supported By National Key Clinical Discipline, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shengping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Lina Zhu
- National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Haining People's Hospital, Jiaxing, China.
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Zhang W, Liu T, Li X, Li T, Ma X, Zhao D, Liu Y, Zheng X, Zhao X. Identification of novel immune-related molecular subtypes and a prognosis model to predict thyroid cancer prognosis and drug resistance. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1130399. [PMID: 37063290 PMCID: PMC10098004 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1130399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Thyroid cancer is a common malignant tumor of the endocrine system that has shown increased incidence in recent decades. We explored the relationship between tumor-infiltrating immune cell classification and the prognosis of thyroid carcinoma.Methods: RNA-seq, SNV, copy number variance (CNV), and methylation data for thyroid cancer were downloaded from the TCGA dataset. ssGSEA was used to calculate pathway scores. Clustering was conducted using ConsensusClusterPlus. Immune infiltration was assessed using ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT. CNV and methylation were determined using GISTIC2 and the KNN algorithm. Immunotherapy was predicted based on TIDE analysis. Results: Three molecular subtypes (Immune-enrich(E), Stromal-enrich(E), and Immune-deprived(D)) were identified based on 15 pathways and the corresponding genes. Samples in Immune-E showed higher immune infiltration, while those in Immune-D showed increased tumor mutation burden (TMB) and mutations in tumor driver genes. Finally, Immune-E showed higher CDH1 methylation, higher progression-free survival (PFS), higher suitability for immunotherapy, and higher sensitivity to small-molecule chemotherapeutic drugs. Additionally, an immune score (IMScore) based on four genes was constructed, in which the low group showed better survival outcome, which was validated in 30 cancers. Compared to the TIDE score, the IMScore showed better predictive ability.Conclusion: This study constructed a prognostic evaluation model and molecular subtype system of immune-related genes to predict the thyroid cancer prognosis of patients. Moreover, the interaction network between immune genes may play a role by affecting the biological function of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianshu Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiangchi Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dongxu Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yueyang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueke Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xudong Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xudong Zhao,
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30
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Mart Nez-Terroba E, de Miguel FJ, Li V, Robles-Oteiza C, Politi K, Zamudio JR, Dimitrova N. Overexpressed Malat1 Drives Metastasis through Inflammatory Reprogramming of Lung Adenocarcinoma Microenvironment. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.20.533534. [PMID: 36993368 PMCID: PMC10055261 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.20.533534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer deaths but the molecular events leading to metastatic dissemination remain incompletely understood. Despite reports linking aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with increased metastatic incidence , in vivo evidence establishing driver roles for lncRNAs in metastatic progression is lacking. Here, we report that overexpression of the metastasis-associated lncRNA Malat1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) in the autochthonous K-ras/p53 mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is sufficient to drive cancer progression and metastatic dissemination. We show that increased expression of endogenous Malat1 RNA cooperates with p53 loss to promote widespread LUAD progression to a poorly differentiated, invasive, and metastatic disease. Mechanistically, we observe that Malat1 overexpression leads to the inappropriate transcription and paracrine secretion of the inflammatory cytokine, Ccl2, to augment the mobility of tumor and stromal cells in vitro and to trigger inflammatory responses in the tumor microenvironment in vivo . Notably, Ccl2 blockade fully reverses cellular and organismal phenotypes of Malat1 overexpression. We propose that Malat1 overexpression in advanced tumors activates Ccl2 signaling to reprogram the tumor microenvironment to an inflammatory and pro-metastatic state.
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31
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Houlahan KE, Khan A, Greenwald NF, West RB, Angelo M, Curtis C. Germline-mediated immunoediting sculpts breast cancer subtypes and metastatic proclivity. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.15.532870. [PMID: 36993286 PMCID: PMC10055121 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.15.532870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer represents a broad spectrum of molecularly and morphologically diverse diseases. Individuals with the same clinical diagnosis can have tumors with drastically different molecular profiles and clinical response to treatment. It remains unclear when these differences arise during disease course and why some tumors are addicted to one oncogenic pathway over another. Somatic genomic aberrations occur within the context of an individual's germline genome, which can vary across millions of polymorphic sites. An open question is whether germline differences influence somatic tumor evolution. Interrogating 3,855 breast cancer lesions, spanning pre-invasive to metastatic disease, we demonstrate that germline variants in highly expressed and amplified genes influence somatic evolution by modulating immunoediting at early stages of tumor development. Specifically, we show that the burden of germline-derived epitopes in recurrently amplified genes selects against somatic gene amplification in breast cancer. For example, individuals with a high burden of germline-derived epitopes in ERBB2, encoding human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), are significantly less likely to develop HER2-positive breast cancer compared to other subtypes. The same holds true for recurrent amplicons that define four subgroups of ER-positive breast cancers at high risk of distant relapse. High epitope burden in these recurrently amplified regions is associated with decreased likelihood of developing high risk ER-positive cancer. Tumors that overcome such immune-mediated negative selection are more aggressive and demonstrate an "immune cold" phenotype. These data show the germline genome plays a previously unappreciated role in dictating somatic evolution. Exploiting germline-mediated immunoediting may inform the development of biomarkers that refine risk stratification within breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E. Houlahan
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aziz Khan
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Noah F Greenwald
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robert B. West
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael Angelo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christina Curtis
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Liu L, Zhang J, An R, Xue Q, Cheng X, Hu Y, Huang Z, Wu L, Zeng W, Miao Y, Li J, Zhou Y, Chen HY, Liu H, Ye D. Smart Nanosensitizers for Activatable Sono-Photodynamic Immunotherapy of Tumors by Redox-Controlled Disassembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217055. [PMID: 36602292 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-targeted and stimuli-activatable nanosensitizers are highly desirable for cancer theranostics. However, designing smart nanosensitizers with multiple imaging signals and synergistic therapeutic activities switched on is challenging. Herein, we report tumor-targeted and redox-activatable nanosensitizers (1-NPs) for sono-photodynamic immunotherapy of tumors by molecular co-assembly and redox-controlled disassembly. 1-NPs show a high longitudinal relaxivity (r1 =18.7±0.3 mM-1 s-1 ), but "off" dual fluorescence (FL) emission (at 547 and 672 nm), "off" sono-photodynamic therapy and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibition activities. Upon reduction by glutathione (GSH), 1-NPs rapidly disassemble and remotely release small molecules 2-Gd, Zn-PPA-SH and NLG919, concurrently switching on (1) dual FL emission, (2) sono-photodynamic therapy and (3) IDO1 inhibition activities. After systemic injection, 1-NPs are effective for bimodal FL and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-guided sono-photodynamic immunotherapy of orthotropic breast and brain tumors in mice under combined ultrasound (US) and 671-nm laser irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Junya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ruibing An
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuxuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Luyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenhui Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yinxing Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Deju Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Zapata L, Caravagna G, Williams MJ, Lakatos E, AbdulJabbar K, Werner B, Chowell D, James C, Gourmet L, Milite S, Acar A, Riaz N, Chan TA, Graham TA, Sottoriva A. Immune selection determines tumor antigenicity and influences response to checkpoint inhibitors. Nat Genet 2023; 55:451-460. [PMID: 36894710 PMCID: PMC10011129 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01313-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
In cancer, evolutionary forces select for clones that evade the immune system. Here we analyzed >10,000 primary tumors and 356 immune-checkpoint-treated metastases using immune dN/dS, the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous mutations in the immunopeptidome, to measure immune selection in cohorts and individuals. We classified tumors as immune edited when antigenic mutations were removed by negative selection and immune escaped when antigenicity was covered up by aberrant immune modulation. Only in immune-edited tumors was immune predation linked to CD8 T cell infiltration. Immune-escaped metastases experienced the best response to immunotherapy, whereas immune-edited patients did not benefit, suggesting a preexisting resistance mechanism. Similarly, in a longitudinal cohort, nivolumab treatment removes neoantigens exclusively in the immunopeptidome of nonimmune-edited patients, the group with the best overall survival response. Our work uses dN/dS to differentiate between immune-edited and immune-escaped tumors, measuring potential antigenicity and ultimately helping predict response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Zapata
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
| | - Giulio Caravagna
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marc J Williams
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan 10 Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eszter Lakatos
- Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Khalid AbdulJabbar
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Benjamin Werner
- Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Diego Chowell
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chela James
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Computational Biology Research Centre, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucie Gourmet
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Salvatore Milite
- Computational Biology Research Centre, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Ahmet Acar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Universiteler Mah, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nadeem Riaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Timothy A Chan
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Trevor A Graham
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Andrea Sottoriva
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- Computational Biology Research Centre, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy.
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Kendre G, Murugesan K, Brummer T, Segatto O, Saborowski A, Vogel A. Charting co-mutation patterns associated with actionable drivers in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. J Hepatol 2023; 78:614-626. [PMID: 36528236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS In recent years, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) has evolved as a "role model" for precision oncology in gastrointestinal cancers. However, its rarity, paired with its genomic heterogeneity, challenges the development and evolution of targeted therapies. Interrogating large datasets drives better understanding of the characteristics of molecular subgroups of rare cancers and enables the identification of genomic patterns that remain unrecognized in smaller cohorts. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of 6,130 patients diagnosed with iCCA from the FoundationCORE database who received diagnostic panel sequencing on the FoundationOne platform. Short variants/fusion-rearrangements and copy number alterations in >300 tumor-associated genes were evaluated, and the tumor mutational burden (TMB) as well as the microsatellite instability (MSI) status were available for the majority of the cohort. RESULTS We provide a highly representative cartography of the genomic landscape of iCCA and outline the co-mutational spectra of seven therapeutically relevant oncogenic driver genes: IDH1/2, FGFR2, ERBB2, BRAF, MDM2, BRCA1/2, MET and KRASG12C. We observed a negative selection of RTK/RAS/ERK pathway co-alterations, and an enrichment of epigenetic modifiers such as ARID1A and BAP1 in patients with IDH1/2 and FGFR2 alterations. RNF43 as well as KMT2D occurred with high frequency in MSIhigh and TMBhigh tumors. CONCLUSION Detailed knowledge of the most prevalent genomic constellations is key to the development of effective treatment strategies for iCCA. Our study provides a valuable resource that could be used to assess the feasibility of clinical trials and subgroup analyses, spurs the development of translationally relevant preclinical models, and serves as a knowledge base to predict potential mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies in genomically defined subgroups. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Due to the high frequency of targetable alterations, molecular diagnostics is recommended in patients with biliary tract cancers, and especially in those with iCCA. The identification of an actionable lesion, however, does not guarantee therapeutic success, and the co-mutational spectrum may act as a critical modifier of drug response. Using a large dataset of comprehensive panel sequencing results from 6,130 patients with iCCA, we provide a detailed analysis of the co-mutational spectrum of the most frequent druggable genetic alterations, which is meant to serve as a reference to establish genetically relevant preclinical models, develop hypothesis-driven combination therapies and identify recurrent genetic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajanan Kendre
- Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Tilman Brummer
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg (CCCF), Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Biological Signalling Studies BIOSS, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oreste Segatto
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Saborowski
- Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Arndt Vogel
- Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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Zhao L, Rao X, Huang C, Zheng R, Kong R, Chen Z, Yu X, Cheng H, Li S. Epigenetic reprogramming of carrier free photodynamic modulator to activate tumor immunotherapy by EZH2 inhibition. Biomaterials 2023; 293:121952. [PMID: 36502580 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells are characterized by unlimited proliferation and escape of immune clearance, which are closely associated with the down regulation of surface antigens. In this work, a carrier free photodynamic modulator (CeTaz) is developed to improve immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and promote the recognition of tumors by T cells by epigenetic reprogramming. Specifically, CeTaz is assembled by chlorine e6 (Ce6) and tazemetostat (Taz) through intermolecular interactions. Upon light irradiation, CeTaz is able to promote the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for a robust photodynamic therapy (PDT) to inhibit localized tumor growth. Meanwhile, the PDT also induces immunogenic cell death (ICD) to initiate immune response, leading to the activation of effector T cells. More importantly, CeTaz could inhibit the epigenetic regulator of EZH2 to suppress the methylation of H3K27, which would promote tumor cells to express MHC-I and release CXCL10. Consequently, the epigenetically reprogrammed tumor cells are readily recognized by effector T cells to enhance the antitumor immunity. Results indicate that the PDT activated immunotherapy of CeTaz could simultaneously inhibit the growth of primary and distant tumors with a low system toxicity. This study would advance the development of carrier free nanomedicine for precise treatment of metastatic tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linping Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China
| | - Xiaona Rao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China
| | - Chuyu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China
| | - Rongrong Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China
| | - Renjiang Kong
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Zuxiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China
| | - Xiyong Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China.
| | - Hong Cheng
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
| | - Shiying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China.
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Schreier A, Zappasodi R, Serganova I, Brown KA, Demaria S, Andreopoulou E. Facts and Perspectives: Implications of tumor glycolysis on immunotherapy response in triple negative breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1061789. [PMID: 36703796 PMCID: PMC9872136 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1061789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease that is difficult to treat and portends a poor prognosis in many patients. Recent efforts to implement immune checkpoint inhibitors into the treatment landscape of TNBC have led to improved outcomes in a subset of patients both in the early stage and metastatic settings. However, a large portion of patients with TNBC remain resistant to immune checkpoint inhibitors and have limited treatment options beyond cytotoxic chemotherapy. The interplay between the anti-tumor immune response and tumor metabolism contributes to immunotherapy response in the preclinical setting, and likely in the clinical setting as well. Specifically, tumor glycolysis and lactate production influence the tumor immune microenvironment through creation of metabolic competition with infiltrating immune cells, which impacts response to immune checkpoint blockade. In this review, we will focus on how glucose metabolism within TNBC tumors influences the response to immune checkpoint blockade and potential ways of harnessing this information to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Schreier
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Roberta Zappasodi
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States,Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, United States,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Inna Serganova
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States,Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kristy A. Brown
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sandra Demaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eleni Andreopoulou
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Eleni Andreopoulou,
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Nardone C, Palanski BA, Scott DC, Timms RT, Barber KW, Gu X, Mao A, Leng Y, Watson EV, Schulman BA, Cole PA, Elledge SJ. A central role for regulated protein stability in the control of TFE3 and MITF by nutrients. Mol Cell 2023; 83:57-73.e9. [PMID: 36608670 PMCID: PMC9908011 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The TFE3 and MITF master transcription factors maintain metabolic homeostasis by regulating lysosomal, melanocytic, and autophagy genes. Previous studies posited that their cytosolic retention by 14-3-3, mediated by the Rag GTPases-mTORC1, was key for suppressing transcriptional activity in the presence of nutrients. Here, we demonstrate using mammalian cells that regulated protein stability plays a fundamental role in their control. Amino acids promote the recruitment of TFE3 and MITF to the lysosomal surface via the Rag GTPases, activating an evolutionarily conserved phospho-degron and leading to ubiquitination by CUL1β-TrCP and degradation. Elucidation of the minimal functional degron revealed a conserved alpha-helix required for interaction with RagA, illuminating the molecular basis for a severe neurodevelopmental syndrome caused by missense mutations in TFE3 within the RagA-TFE3 interface. Additionally, the phospho-degron is recurrently lost in TFE3 genomic translocations that cause kidney cancer. Therefore, two divergent pathologies converge on the loss of protein stability regulation by nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Nardone
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brad A Palanski
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel C Scott
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Richard T Timms
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Karl W Barber
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xin Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aoyue Mao
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Yumei Leng
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Emma V Watson
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brenda A Schulman
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Philip A Cole
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephen J Elledge
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Shi H, Doench JG, Chi H. CRISPR screens for functional interrogation of immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2022:10.1038/s41577-022-00802-4. [DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00802-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Hassannia H, Amiri MM, Ghaedi M, Sharifian RA, Golsaz-Shirazi F, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Shokri F. Preclinical Assessment of Immunogenicity and Protectivity of Novel ROR1 Fusion Proteins in a Mouse Tumor Model. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235827. [PMID: 36497309 PMCID: PMC9738141 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) is a new tumor associated antigen (TAA) which is overexpressed in several hematopoietic and solid malignancies. The present study aimed to produce and evaluate different fusion proteins of mouse ROR1 (mROR1) to enhance immunogenicity and protective efficacy of ROR1. Four ROR1 fusion proteins composed of extracellular region of mROR1, immunogenic fragments of TT as well as Fc region of mouse IgG2a were produced and employed to immunize Balb/C mice. Humoral and cellular immune responses and anti-tumor effects of these fusion proteins were evaluated using two different syngeneic murine ROR1+ tumor models. ROR1-specific antibodies were induced in all groups of mice. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-22 cytokines in culture supernatants of stimulated splenocytes were increased in all groups of immunized mice, particularly mice immunized with TT-mROR1-Fc fusion proteins. The frequency of ROR1-specific CTLs was higher in mice immunized with TT-mROR1-Fc fusion proteins. Finally, results of tumor challenge in immunized mice showed that immunization with TT-mROR1-Fc fusion proteins completely inhibited ROR1+ tumor cells growth in two different syngeneic tumor models until day 120 post tumor challenge. Our preclinical findings, for the first time, showed that our fusion proteins could be considered as a potential candidate vaccine for active immunotherapy of ROR1-expressing malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetics Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari P.O. Box 48157-33971, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 14155-6559, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Amiri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 14155-6559, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.M.A.); (F.S.)
| | - Mojgan Ghaedi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 14155-6559, Iran
| | - Ramezan-Ali Sharifian
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 14197-33141, Iran
| | - Forough Golsaz-Shirazi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 14155-6559, Iran
| | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran P.O. Box 19839-69412, Iran
| | - Fazel Shokri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 14155-6559, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.M.A.); (F.S.)
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Song S, Deng X, Jiang S, Tian C, Han J, Chai J, Li N, Yan Y, Luo Z. GRAP2 is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24662. [PMID: 36181310 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GRAP2 is an adaptor protein involved in leukocyte signal activation; however, the prognostic value of GRAP2 and its correlation with immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are unclear. METHODS Original data were downloaded from the TCGA database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GRAP2 expression was analyzed with the TCGA and TIMER databases. We evaluated the influence of GRAP2 on clinical prognosis using the Kaplan-Meier plotter, GEO, and GEPIA database. The TIMER and TISIDB databases were used to investigate correlations between GRAP2 expression and cancer immune characteristics. Finally, we confirmed the expression of GRAP2 in LUAD by immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS The transcription levels of GRAP2 were significantly lower in several human cancer types, including LUAD, than in adjacent normal tissues. Immunohistochemistry staining confirmed that LUAD tumor tissues had lower GRAP2 protein expression levels than adjacent normal tissues. GRAP2 downregulation was associated with poorer overall survival, pathologic stage, T stage, N stage, and primary therapy outcome in LUAD. Mechanistically, we found a hub gene set that included a total of 91 genes coexpressed with GRAP2, which were closely related to the immune response in LUAD. The expression levels of GRAP2 were positively correlated with the infiltration levels of multiple immune cells and the cumulative survival time of a few immune cells. GRAP2 expression was found to be positively correlated with that of multiple immune markers, chemokines, chemokine receptors, and MHC molecules in LUAD. CONCLUSIONS GRAP2 can be used as a biomarker for assessing prognosis and immune infiltration levels in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimao Song
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xinzhou Deng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- The First Clinical College of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Chao Tian
- The First Clinical College of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jiahui Han
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University Union Training Base, Shiyan, China
| | - Jingjing Chai
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Na Li
- The First Clinical College of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yutao Yan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zhiguo Luo
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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Liang L, He H, Jiang S, Liu Y, Huang J, Sun X, Li Y, Jiang Y, Cong L. TIAM2 Contributes to Osimertinib Resistance, Cell Motility, and Tumor-Associated Macrophage M2-like Polarization in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10415. [PMID: 36142328 PMCID: PMC9499457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Osimertinib-based therapy effectively improves the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutations. However, patients will have cancer progression after approximately one year due to the occurrence of drug resistance. Extensive evidence has revealed that lipid metabolism and tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) are associated with drug resistance, which deserves further exploration. Methods: An osimertinib resistance index (ORi) was built to investigate the link between lipid metabolism and osimertinib resistance. The ORi was constructed and validated using TCGA and GEO data, and the relationship between ORi and immune infiltration was discussed. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis based on the M2/M1 macrophage ratio determined the hub gene TIAM2 and the biological function of TIAM2 in LUAD was verified in vitro. Results: ORi based on nine lipid metabolism-related genes was successfully constructed, which could accurately reflect the resistance of LUAD patients to osimertinib, predict the prognosis, and correlate with M2-like TAM. Additionally, TIAM2 was found to increase osimertinib tolerance, enhance cell motility, and promote M2-like TAM polarization in LUAD. Conclusions: The lipid metabolism gene is strongly connected with osimertinib resistance. TIAM2 contributes to osimertinib resistance, enhances cell motility, and induces M2-like TAM polarization in LUAD.
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Mejía-Hernández JO, Keam SP, Saleh R, Muntz F, Fox SB, Byrne D, Kogan A, Pang L, Huynh J, Litchfield C, Caramia F, Lozano G, He H, You JM, Sandhu S, Williams SG, Haupt Y, Haupt S. Modelling aggressive prostate cancers of young men in immune-competent mice, driven by isogenic Trp53 alterations and Pten loss. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:777. [PMID: 36075907 PMCID: PMC9465983 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05211-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Understanding prostate cancer onset and progression in order to rationally treat this disease has been critically limited by a dire lack of relevant pre-clinical animal models. We have generated a set of genetically engineered mice that mimic human prostate cancer, initiated from the gland epithelia. We chose driver gene mutations that are specifically relevant to cancers of young men, where aggressive disease poses accentuated survival risks. An outstanding advantage of our models are their intact repertoires of immune cells. These mice provide invaluable insight into the importance of immune responses in prostate cancer and offer scope for studying treatments, including immunotherapies. Our prostate cancer models strongly support the role of tumour suppressor p53 in functioning to critically restrain the emergence of cancer pathways that drive cell cycle progression; alter metabolism and vasculature to fuel tumour growth; and mediate epithelial to mesenchymal-transition, as vital to invasion. Importantly, we also discovered that the type of p53 alteration dictates the specific immune cell profiles most significantly disrupted, in a temporal manner, with ramifications for disease progression. These new orthotopic mouse models demonstrate that each of the isogenic hotspot p53 amino acid mutations studied (R172H and R245W, the mouse equivalents of human R175H and R248W respectively), drive unique cellular changes affecting pathways of proliferation and immunity. Our findings support the hypothesis that individual p53 mutations confer their own particular oncogenic gain of function in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Octavio Mejía-Hernández
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,Present Address: Telix Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Melbourne, VIC 3051 Australia
| | - Simon P. Keam
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1135.60000 0001 1512 2287Present Address: CSL Innovation, CSL Ltd, Melbourne, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Reem Saleh
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Fenella Muntz
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Stephen B. Fox
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Pathology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - David Byrne
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Pathology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Arielle Kogan
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Lokman Pang
- grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3084 Australia
| | - Jennifer Huynh
- grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3084 Australia
| | - Cassandra Litchfield
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Franco Caramia
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Guillermina Lozano
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA ,grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX USA
| | - Hua He
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Department of Hematopathology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - James M. You
- grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX USA ,grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Department of Hematopathology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Shahneen Sandhu
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Scott G. Williams
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Division of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Ygal Haupt
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,Present Address: Vittail Ltd, Melbourne, VIC 3146 Australia
| | - Sue Haupt
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
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Dehingia B, Milewska M, Janowski M, Pękowska A. CTCF
shapes chromatin structure and gene expression in health and disease. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e55146. [PMID: 35993175 PMCID: PMC9442299 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bondita Dehingia
- Dioscuri Centre for Chromatin Biology and Epigenomics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland
| | - Małgorzata Milewska
- Dioscuri Centre for Chromatin Biology and Epigenomics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland
| | - Marcin Janowski
- Dioscuri Centre for Chromatin Biology and Epigenomics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland
| | - Aleksandra Pękowska
- Dioscuri Centre for Chromatin Biology and Epigenomics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland
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Krieg C, Weber LM, Fosso B, Marzano M, Hardiman G, Olcina MM, Domingo E, El Aidy S, Mallah K, Robinson MD, Guglietta S. Complement downregulation promotes an inflammatory signature that renders colorectal cancer susceptible to immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:e004717. [PMID: 36137652 PMCID: PMC9511657 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The role of inflammatory immune responses in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and response to therapy is a matter of intense debate. While inflammation is a known driver of CRC, inflammatory immune infiltrates are a positive prognostic factor in CRC and predispose to response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Unfortunately, over 85% of CRC cases are primarily unresponsive to ICB due to the absence of an immune infiltrate, and even the cases that show an initial immune infiltration can become refractory to ICB. The identification of therapy supportive immune responses in the field has been partially hindered by the sparsity of suitable mouse models to recapitulate the human disease. In this study, we aimed to understand how the dysregulation of the complement anaphylatoxin C3a receptor (C3aR), observed in subsets of patients with CRC, affects the immune responses, the development of CRC, and response to ICB therapy. METHODS We use a comprehensive approach encompassing analysis of publicly available human CRC datasets, inflammation-driven and newly generated spontaneous mouse models of CRC, and multiplatform high-dimensional analysis of immune responses using microbiota sequencing, RNA sequencing, and mass cytometry. RESULTS We found that patients' regulation of the complement C3aR is associated with epigenetic modifications. Specifically, downregulation of C3ar1 in human CRC promotes a tumor microenvironment characterized by the accumulation of innate and adaptive immune cells that support antitumor immunity. In addition, in vivo studies in our newly generated mouse model revealed that the lack of C3a in the colon activates a microbiota-mediated proinflammatory program which promotes the development of tumors with an immune signature that renders them responsive to the ICB therapy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that C3aR may act as a previously unrecognized checkpoint to enhance antitumor immunity in CRC. C3aR can thus be exploited to overcome ICB resistance in a larger group of patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Krieg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center Charleston, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lukas M Weber
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Fosso
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bari, Italy
| | - Marinella Marzano
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bari, Italy
| | - Gary Hardiman
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Monica M Olcina
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Oxford, UK
| | - Enric Domingo
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Oxford, UK
| | - Sahar El Aidy
- Host-microbe Metabolic Interactions, Microbiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Khalil Mallah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Mark D Robinson
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Guglietta
- Hollings Cancer Center Charleston, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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45
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Liu Y, Guo Q, Yang H, Zhang XW, Feng N, Wang JK, Liu TT, Zeng KW, Tu PF. Allosteric Regulation of IGF2BP1 as a Novel Strategy for the Activation of Tumor Immune Microenvironment. ACS Cent Sci 2022; 8:1102-1115. [PMID: 36032766 PMCID: PMC9413439 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) regulators are promising cancer immunotherapeutic targets. IGF2BP1, as a crucial N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader protein, recognizes m6A target transcripts, ultimately leading to cancer development. However, currently, the biological function of IGF2BP1 in regulating the TIME is not well-understood. In this study, we report that IGF2BP1 knockdown induces cancer cell apoptosis, thereby significantly not only activating immune cell infiltration including CD4+, CD8+ T cells, CD56+ NK cells, and F4/80+ macrophage but also decreasing PD-L1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Then, chemical genetics identifies a small-molecule cucurbitacin B (CuB), which directly targets IGF2BP1 at a unique site (Cys253) in the KH1-2 domains. This leads to a pharmacological allosteric effect to block IGF2BP1 recognition of m6A mRNA targets such as c-MYC, which is highly associated with cell apoptosis and immune response. In vivo, CuB exhibits an obvious anti-HCC effect through inducing apoptosis and subsequently recruits immune cells to tumor microenvironment as well as blocking PD-L1 expression. Collectively, IGF2BP1 may serve as a novel pharmacological allosteric target for anticancer therapeutics via mediating TIME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Center
of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 N. Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Heng Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Na Feng
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing-Kang Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ke-Wu Zeng
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- E-mail: (KW Zeng)
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- (PF
Tu)
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46
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Kaler C, Dollar J, Cruz A, Kuznetsoff J, Sanchez M, Decatur C, Licht J, Smalley K, Correa Z, Kurtenbach S, Harbour J. BAP1 Loss Promotes Suppressive Tumor Immune Microenvironment via Upregulation of PROS1 in Class 2 Uveal Melanomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3678. [PMID: 35954340 PMCID: PMC9367253 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Uveal melanoma is a highly metastatic cancer of the eye which is notoriously resistant to therapy. Elucidating the mechanisms of metastasis in order to devise effective therapies has been a major challenge. The strongest genetic risk factor for metastasis in uveal melanoma is the mutational inactivation of the BAP1 tumor-suppressor gene. However, it remains unknown how BAP1 loss promotes tumor progression. Here, we show that BAP1 loss leads to increased expression of PROS1 in uveal melanocytes and melanoma cells, which in turn leads to phosphorylation and activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase MERTK on adjacent macrophages, driving them into a suppressive M2-polarized state. This mechanism could help explain the suppressive tumor immune microenvironment that is characteristic of BAP1-mutant uveal melanomas, and it suggests that BAP1 loss may lead to metastasis at least in part by facilitating immune escape. These findings provide new insights into the role of BAP1 in uveal melanoma, and they nominate new strategies for increasing the efficacy of immunotherapy in this cancer. Abstract Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary cancer of the eye and is associated with a high rate of metastatic death. UM can be stratified into two main classes based on metastatic risk, with class 1 UM having a low metastatic risk and class 2 UM having a high metastatic risk. Class 2 UM have a distinctive genomic, transcriptomic, histopathologic, and clinical phenotype characterized by biallelic inactivation of the BAP1 tumor-suppressor gene, an immune-suppressive microenvironment enriched for M2-polarized macrophages, and poor response to checkpoint-inhibitor immunotherapy. To identify potential mechanistic links between BAP1 loss and immune suppression in class 2 UM, we performed an integrated analysis of UM samples, as well as genetically engineered UM cell lines and uveal melanocytes (UMC). Using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), we found that the most highly upregulated gene associated with BAP1 loss across these datasets was PROS1, which encodes a ligand that triggers phosphorylation and activation of the immunosuppressive macrophage receptor MERTK. The inverse association between BAP1 and PROS1 in class 2 UM was confirmed by single-cell RNA-seq, which also revealed that MERTK was upregulated in CD163+ macrophages in class 2 UM. Using ChIP-seq, BAP1 knockdown in UM cells resulted in an accumulation of H3K27ac at the PROS1 locus, suggesting epigenetic regulation of PROS1 by BAP1. Phosphorylation of MERTK in RAW 264.7 monocyte–macrophage cells was increased upon coculture with BAP1−/− UMCs, and this phosphorylation was blocked by depletion of PROS1 in the UMCs. These findings were corroborated by multicolor immunohistochemistry, where class 2/BAP1-mutant UMs demonstrated increased PROS1 expression in tumor cells and increased MERTK phosphorylation in CD163+ macrophages compared with class 1/BAP1-wildtype UMs. Taken together, these findings provide a mechanistic link between BAP1 loss and the suppression of the tumor immune microenvironment in class 2 UMs, and they implicate the PROS1–MERTK pathway as a potential target for immunotherapy in UM.
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47
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Seliger B, Massa C. Modulation of Lymphocyte Functions in the Microenvironment by Tumor Oncogenic Pathways. Front Immunol 2022; 13:883639. [PMID: 35663987 PMCID: PMC9160824 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.883639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the broad application of different immunotherapeutic strategies for the treatment of solid as well as hematopoietic cancers, the efficacy of these therapies is still limited, with only a minority of patients having a long-term benefit resulting in an improved survival rate. In order to increase the response rates of patients to the currently available immunotherapies, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the intrinsic and/or extrinsic resistance to treatment is required. There exist increasing evidences that activation of different oncogenic pathways as well as inactivation of tumor suppressor genes (TSG) in tumor cells inhibit the immune cell recognition and influegnce the composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME), thus leading to an impaired anti-tumoral immune response. A deeper understanding of the link between the tumor milieu and genomic alterations of TSGs and oncogenes is indispensable for the optimization of immunotherapies and to predict the patients’ response to these treatments. This review summarizes the role of different cancer-related, oncogene- and TSG-controlled pathways in the context of anti-tumoral immunity and response to different immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chiara Massa
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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48
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Hu X, Chen Z, Wang Z, Xiao Q. Cancer evolution: special focus on the immune aspect of cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022:S1044-579X(22)00117-1. [PMID: 35589072 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is an evolutionary disease. Intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH), which describes the diversity within individual tumors, sets the foundation for evolution. The fitness of tumor cells is determined by their microenvironment, which exerts intense selection pressure that generally favors cells with survival and proliferation advantages. It has been revealed that host immunity dramatically influences the evolutionary trajectory of cancer. As technologies advance, a refined map of the immune system's involvement in cancer evolution has gradually come to our knowledge. Here we specifically view cancer through the lens of evolutionary immunological biology. We will cover the neoplastic evolution under immunosurveillance, including how the host immunity shapes the tumor evolutionary trajectory and how progressive tumors modulate the host immunity to survive. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between cancer evolution and cancer immunity provides clues to combating cancer strategically.
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49
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Patel AR, Patel DN, Tu YN, Yeagley M, Chobrutskiy A, Chobrutskiy BI, Blanck G. Chemical complementarity between immune receptor CDR3s and candidate cancer antigens correlating with reduced survival: evidence for outcome mitigation with corticosteroid treatments. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-9. [PMID: 35538689 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2070546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The evaluation of physicochemical characteristics of extensive adaptive immune receptor (IR) recombination sequence collections has led to the discovery of many correlations of those sequences and a variety of diseases, including cancer. In the cancer setting, these evaluations have recently focused on the adaptive IR, complementarity determining region-3 (CDR3) amino acid (AA) sequences, which play a major role in antigen binding. For example, the chemical complementarities of the tumor resident, CDR3 AA sequences and the BRAFV600E mutant, common in melanoma, have proved informative with regard to outcomes. Many of these evaluations led to the conclusion that a high affinity match, efficiently, algorithmically designated as a high chemical complementarity score (CS) for the patient specific, IR CDR3 AA sequences and the cancer antigens, correlated with improved survival outcomes. In this report, the complementarity scoring algorithms were used to investigate the opposite phenomenon, high complementarity chemistry between CRD3 AAs and cancer antigens that correlated with a worse survival, an approach that revealed potential risk stratification biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous carcinoma, and likely other cancer types. Most importantly, analyses suggested that high IR CDR3 AA-candidate antigen CS, low overall survival results for low grade glioma were mitigated by neoadjuvant corticosteroid treatments. Overall, the analyses of this report, coupled with earlier work establishing the CS approach for identifying likely good outcomes, have the potential to distinguish patients who will benefit from (i) immune activating or (ii) immune augmenting or (iii) even immunosuppressive treatment strategies.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anishaa R Patel
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, FL, USA
| | - Dhruv N Patel
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, FL, USA
| | - Yaping N Tu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, FL, USA
| | - Michelle Yeagley
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, FL, USA
| | - Andrea Chobrutskiy
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University Hospital, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Boris I Chobrutskiy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University Hospital, Portland, OR, USA
| | - George Blanck
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, FL, USA.,Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
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50
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Wang Z, Zhai Z, Chen C, Tian X, Xing Z, Xing P, Yang Y, Zhang J, Wang C, Dong L. Air pollution particles hijack peroxidasin to disrupt immunosurveillance and promote lung cancer. eLife 2022; 11:e75345. [PMID: 35437145 PMCID: PMC9054135 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although fine particulate matter (FPM) in air pollutants and tobacco smoke is recognized as a strong carcinogen and global threat to public health, its biological mechanism for inducing lung cancer remains unclear. Here, by investigating FPM's bioactivities in lung carcinoma mice models, we discover that these particles promote lung tumor progression by inducing aberrant thickening of tissue matrix and hampering migration of antitumor immunocytes. Upon inhalation into lung tissue, these FPM particles abundantly adsorb peroxidasin (PXDN) - an enzyme mediating type IV collagen (Col IV) crosslinking - onto their surface. The adsorbed PXDN exerts abnormally high activity to crosslink Col IV via increasing the formation of sulfilimine bonds at the NC1 domain, leading to an overly dense matrix in the lung tissue. This disordered structure decreases the mobility of cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes into the lung and consequently impairs the local immune surveillance, enabling the flourishing of nascent tumor cells. Meanwhile, inhibiting the activity of PXDN abolishes the tumor-promoting effect of FPM, indicating the key impact of aberrant PXDN activity on the tumorigenic process. In summary, our finding elucidates a new mechanism for FPM-induced lung tumorigenesis and identifies PXDN as a potential target for treatment or prevention of the FPM-relevant biological risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of MacauMacauChina
| | - Ziyu Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Chunyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xuejiao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhen Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Panfei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of MacauMacauChina
| | - Yushun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of MacauMacauChina
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovative Center, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
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