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Zhao X, Huang Y, Li Z, Chen J, Luo J, Bai L, Huang H, Cao E, Yin Z, Han Y, Guo B. Injectable Self-Expanding/Self-Propelling Hydrogel Adhesive with Procoagulant Activity and Rapid Gelation for Lethal Massive Hemorrhage Management. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2308701. [PMID: 37971104 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Developing hydrogels that can quickly reach deep bleeding sites, adhere to wounds, and expand to stop lethal and/or noncompressible bleeding in civil and battlefield environments remains a challenge. Herein, an injectable, antibacterial, self-expanding, and self-propelling hydrogel bioadhesive with procoagulant activity and rapid gelation is reported. This hydrogel combines spontaneous gas foaming and rapid Schiff base crosslinking for lethal massive hemorrhage. Hydrogels have rapid gelation and expansion rate, high self-expanding ratio, excellent antibacterial activity, antioxidant efficiency, and tissue adhesion capacity. In addition, hydrogels have good cytocompatibility, procoagulant ability, and higher blood cell/platelet adhesion activity than commercial combat gauze and gelatin sponge. The optimized hydrogel (OD-C/QGQL-A30) exhibits better hemostatic ability than combat gauze and gelatin sponge in rat liver and femoral artery bleeding models, rabbit volumetric liver loss massive bleeding models with/without anticoagulant, and rabbit liver and kidney incision bleeding models with bleeding site not visible. Especially, OD-C/QGQL-A30 rapidly stops the bleedings from pelvic area of rabbit, and swine subclavian artery vein transection. Furthermore, OD-C/QGQL-A30 has biodegradability and biocompatibility, and accelerates Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)-infected skin wound healing. This injectable, antibacterial, self-expanding, and self-propelling hydrogel opens up a new avenue to develop hemostats for lethal massive bleeding, abdominal organ bleeding, and bleeding from coagulation lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhenlong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jueying Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jinlong Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Lang Bai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Heyuan Huang
- School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Ertai Cao
- School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Zhanhai Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yong Han
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Baolin Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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Leerson J, Tulloh A, Lopez FT, Gregory S, Buscher H, Rosengarten G. Detecting Oxygenator Thrombosis in ECMO: A Review of Current Techniques and an Exploration of Future Directions. Semin Thromb Hemost 2024; 50:253-270. [PMID: 37640048 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-support technique used to treat cardiac and pulmonary failure, including severe cases of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) involving acute respiratory distress syndrome. Blood clot formation in the circuit is one of the most common complications in ECMO, having potentially harmful and even fatal consequences. It is therefore essential to regularly monitor for clots within the circuit and take appropriate measures to prevent or treat them. A review of the various methods used by hospital units for detecting blood clots is presented. The benefits and limitations of each method are discussed, specifically concerning detecting blood clots in the oxygenator, as it is concluded that this is the most critical and challenging ECMO component to assess. We investigate the feasibility of solutions proposed in the surrounding literature and explore two areas that hold promise for future research: the analysis of small-scale pressure fluctuations in the circuit, and real-time imaging of the oxygenator. It is concluded that the current methods of detecting blood clots cannot reliably predict clot volume, and their inability to predict clot location puts patients at risk of thromboembolism. It is posited that a more in-depth analysis of pressure readings using machine learning could better provide this information, and that purpose-built imaging could allow for accurate, real-time clotting analysis in ECMO components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Leerson
- Department is Manufacturing, Materials and Mechatronics Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Manufacturing, CSIRO, Research Way, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Tulloh
- Department of Manufacturing, CSIRO, Research Way, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Francisco Tovar Lopez
- Department is Manufacturing, Materials and Mechatronics Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shaun Gregory
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cardiorespiratory Engineering and Technology Laboratory, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hergen Buscher
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gary Rosengarten
- Department is Manufacturing, Materials and Mechatronics Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Kostyak JC, McKenzie SE, Naik UP. The Function of ASK1 in Sepsis and Stress-Induced Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:213. [PMID: 38203381 PMCID: PMC10778746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is a serine-threonine kinase that is ubiquitously expressed in nucleated cells and is responsible for the activation of multiple mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) to regulate cell stress. Activation of ASK1 via cellular stress leads to activation of downstream signaling components, activation of transcription factors, and proinflammatory cytokine production. ASK1 is also expressed in anucleate platelets and is a key player in platelet activation as it is important for signaling. Interestingly, the mechanism of ASK1 activation is cell type-dependent. In this review we will explore how ASK1 regulates a variety of cellular processes from innate immune function to thrombosis and hemostasis. We will discuss how ASK1 influences FcγRIIA-mediated platelet reactivity and how that reactivity drives platelet clearance. Furthermore, we will explore the role of ASK1 in thromboxane (TxA2) generation, which highlights differences in the way ASK1 functions in mouse and human platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C. Kostyak
- Cardeza Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (S.E.M.); (U.P.N.)
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Nepal A, Tran HD, Nguyen NT, Ta HT. Advances in haemostatic sponges: Characteristics and the underlying mechanisms for rapid haemostasis. Bioact Mater 2023; 27:231-256. [PMID: 37122895 PMCID: PMC10130630 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In traumatized patients, the primary cause of mortality is uncontrollable continuous bleeding and unexpected intraoperative bleeding which is likely to increase the risk of complications and surgical failure. High expansion sponges are effective clinical practice for the treatment of wound bleeding (irregular/deep/narrow) that are caused by capillaries, veins and even arterioles as they possess a high liquid absorption ratio so can absorb blood platelets easily in comparison with traditional haemostasis treatments, which involve compression, ligation, or electrical coagulation etc. When in contact with blood, haemostatic sponges can cause platelet adhesion, aggregation, and thrombosis, preventing blood from flowing out from wounds, triggering the release of coagulation factors, causing the blood to form a stable polymerized fibre protein, forming blood clots, and achieving the goal of wound bleeding control. Haemostatic sponges are found in a variety of shapes and sizes. The aim of this review is to facilitate an overview of recent research around haemostatic sponge materials, products, and technology. This paper reviews the synthesis, properties, and characteristics of haemostatic sponges, together with the haemostasis mechanisms of haemostatic sponges (composite materials), such as chitosan, cellulose, gelatin, starch, graphene oxide, hyaluronic acid, alginate, polyethylene glycol, silk fibroin, synthetic polymers silver nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, and silica nanoparticles. Also, this paper reviews commercial sponges and their properties. In addition to this, we discuss various in-vitro/in-vivo approaches for the evaluation of the effect of sponges on haemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akriti Nepal
- Queensland Micro-and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Huong D.N. Tran
- Queensland Micro-and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro-and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Hang Thu Ta
- Queensland Micro-and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
- Bioscience Discipline, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
- Corresponding author. Bioscience Department, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia..
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Lv Y, Liu N, Li Y, Wu J, Zheng J, Li X, Zeng M. Coagulation Dysfunction in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Splenomegaly and Its Countermeasures: A Retrospective Study of 1522 Patients. Dis Markers 2023; 2023:5560560. [PMID: 37325552 PMCID: PMC10266912 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5560560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective Patients with cirrhosis and splenomegaly often have coagulation dysfunction which affects treatment and prognosis. This study explores the status, grading, and treatment strategies of coagulation dysfunction in patients with liver cirrhosis and splenomegaly. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on the clinical data on consecutive patients with cirrhosis and splenomegaly treated at Hainan General Hospital, China, from January 2000 to December 2020. Starting research in January 2022. Results Among 1522 patients included into this study, 297 (19.5%) patients had normal results in all five coagulation tests (prothrombin time, prothrombin activity, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and fibrinogen), and 1225 (80.5%) had coagulation dysfunction in at least one of these tests. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in treatment efficacy on these patients for three of these five coagulation tests, with the exception of prothrombin activity and thrombin time. When coagulation dysfunction was classified into grades I, II, and III based on scores from the three significant coagulation tests, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen, significant differences in surgical outcomes were found among the three grades of coagulation dysfunction and between grades I and III (P < 0.05). The operative mortality rate in patients with grade III in treating liver cancer, portal hypersplenism, and/or splenomegaly was 6.5%. There was no significant difference between patients with grades I and II (P > 0.05). Conclusions Approximately, 80% of patients with liver cirrhosis and splenomegaly had coagulation dysfunction. Surgery is feasible for grade I and II patients. For grade III patients, nonsurgical treatment should be given first, and surgery should only be considered when the coagulation function returns to normal or near-normal levels after treatment. This trial is registered with MR-46-22-009299.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfu Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Medical College Affiliated People's Hospital), Haikou, 570311 Hainan Province, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Medical College Affiliated People's Hospital), Haikou, 570311 Hainan Province, China
| | - Yejuan Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center of Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, 570206 Hainan Province, China
| | - Jincai Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Medical College Affiliated People's Hospital), Haikou, 570311 Hainan Province, China
| | - Jinfang Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Medical College Affiliated People's Hospital), Haikou, 570311 Hainan Province, China
| | - Xinqiu Li
- Department of Surgery, Renhuai People's Hospital, Zunyi, 564500 Guizhou Province, China
| | - Min Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Medical College Affiliated People's Hospital), Haikou, 570311 Hainan Province, China
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Dandamudi A, Akbar H, Cancelas J, Zheng Y. Rho GTPase Signaling in Platelet Regulation and Implication for Antiplatelet Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032519. [PMID: 36768837 PMCID: PMC9917354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets play a vital role in regulating hemostasis and thrombosis. Rho GTPases are well known as molecular switches that control various cellular functions via a balanced GTP-binding/GTP-hydrolysis cycle and signaling cascade through downstream effectors. In platelets, Rho GTPases function as critical regulators by mediating signal transduction that drives platelet activation and aggregation. Mostly by gene targeting and pharmacological inhibition approaches, Rho GTPase family members RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 have been shown to be indispensable in regulating the actin cytoskeleton dynamics in platelets, affecting platelet shape change, spreading, secretion, and aggregation, leading to thrombus formation. Additionally, studies of Rho GTPase function using platelets as a non-transformed model due to their anucleated nature have revealed valuable information on cell signaling principles. This review provides an updated summary of recent advances in Rho GTPase signaling in platelet regulation. We also highlight pharmacological approaches that effectively inhibited platelet activation to explore their possible development into future antiplatelet therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhila Dandamudi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati Graduate School, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Huzoor Akbar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Jose Cancelas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Hoxworth Blood Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Yi Zheng
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati Graduate School, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-513-636-0595
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Wang F, Sun J, Shi H, Zhou J, Ma X, Song X, Su X, Liu L. Multifunctionalized alginate/polydopamine cryogel for hemostasis, antibacteria and promotion of wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 224:1373-81. [PMID: 36550789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Hemostasis and anti-infection are crucial for emergency treatment of severe trauma. Developing functional biomaterial with efficient hemostasis, antibacterial activity and wound healing is of great social significance and clinical value to fast stop bleeding and save lives, but it is still challenged. Here we designed a series of multifunctionalized SA/PDA cryogels by using two-step cross-linking of dopamine and sodium alginate. The resulting interpenetrating network structure had good swelling ratio, excellent mechanical and shape memory properties. Compared with cotton gauze and gelatin sponge, the cryogels exhibited excellent activation of coagulation cascade, more blood cells and platelet adhesion. Due to the action of polydopamine, the cryogel also showed good antioxidant activity and photothermal antibacterial ability assisted by near-infrared radiation, as well as better wound healing performance than gelatin sponge and Tegaderm™ film. Moreover, in the tests of mouse tail docking model, rat femoral artery hemostasis model and non-compressible rabbit liver defect model, the treatment by SA/PDA cryogels presented less blood loss and shorter hemostasis time than cotton gauze and gelatin sponge. Therefore, SA/PDA cryogels with simple preparation process, low cost, and good biocompatibility would be applied in the variety of great clinical applications in bleeding control, anti-infection and wound healing, etc.
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Zhang S, Hao J, Ding F, Ren X. Nanocatalyst doped bacterial cellulose-based thermosensitive nanogel with biocatalytic function for antibacterial application. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:294-301. [PMID: 34914907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) for treating bacterial infection is an alternative strategy to overcome the drawbacks such as bacterial resistance of commonly used antibiotics. Nanocatalysts have been proved highly effective in regulating intracellular ROS level due to their intrinsic enzymes-mimicking ability. Herein, we prepared a carbon-based nanozyme doped with copper atoms with peroxidase mimetic activity to catalyze the decomposition of bio-safety dosage of H2O2 to highly reactive OH radicals for antibacterial treatment. Furthermore, we designed the thermo-responsive nanogels consisting of bacterial cellulose nanowhiskers as the carrier of the nanozyme. The obtained nanogels displayed remarkable intelligent response to temperature change with sol-gel transition temperature of ~33 °C and in situ gel forming ability. Moreover, the nanogels exhibited excellent biocompatibility in vitro, along with remarkable antibacterial efficacy which could inactivate 6.36 log of S. aureus and 6.01 log of E. coli in 3 h, respectively. The findings provide a novel strategy for advancing the development of nanocatalysts-based responsive biomaterials for treating bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Zhang
- Laboratory of Eco-textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jican Hao
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Ding
- Laboratory of Eco-textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuehong Ren
- Laboratory of Eco-textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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Kantarcioglu B, Darki A, Siddiqui F, Krupa E, Vural M, Kacmaz M, Hoppensteadt D, Iqbal O, Jeske W, Walenga J, Adiguzel C, Fareed J. Predictive Role of Blood Cellular Indices and Their Relationship with Endogenous Glycosaminoglycans as Determinants of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Pulmonary Embolism. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2022; 28:10760296221104801. [PMID: 35733366 PMCID: PMC9234831 DOI: 10.1177/10760296221104801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we profiled the levels of blood cellular indices, endogenous glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and inflammatory biomarkers in a cohort comprised of pulmonary embolism (PE) patients, to determine their inter-relationships. Identification of this relationship may provide insight to the complex pathophysiology of PE and the predictive role of blood cellular indices in acute PE patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasma samples from PE patients and healthy controls were analyzed for thrombo-inflammatory biomarkers (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, VEGF, IFN-ɣ, TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1β, MCP-1, EGF, D-dimer, CRP and MMP-9) using biochip array and ELISA methods. The endogenous GAG levels were quantified using a fluorescence quenching method. The data regarding the blood cellular indices were collected through the review of patient medical records and analyzed to demonstrate their relationship. RESULTS The levels of inflammatory biomarkers and endogenous GAGs were elevated in acute PE patients compared to controls (P < .05). Most of the blood cellular indices have shown significant differences in acute PE patients compared to controls (P < .05). The levels of inflammatory biomarkers, endogenous GAGs and the blood cellular indices have shown significant associations in correlation and multivariable analysis. While NLR, PLR and SII were significantly predicting the 30-day mortality, PNR, ELR and EMR were not sufficient to predict 30-day mortality in acute PE. CONCLUSION Our results show that the increased thrombo-inflammatory response is associated with the release of GAGs and the changes in blood cellular indices. The predictive role of the blood cellular indices for mortality is dependent on their relationship with the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulent Kantarcioglu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Health Sciences Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 2456Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Amir Darki
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 25815Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Fakiha Siddiqui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Health Sciences Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 2456Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.,Program in Health Sciences. UCAM - Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Spain
| | - Emily Krupa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Health Sciences Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 2456Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Mehmet Vural
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 25815Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, 24558Weiss Memorial Hospital, Chicago, USA
| | - Murat Kacmaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, 52987Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Debra Hoppensteadt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Health Sciences Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 2456Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Omer Iqbal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Health Sciences Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 2456Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Walter Jeske
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Health Sciences Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 2456Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Jeanine Walenga
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Health Sciences Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 2456Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Cafer Adiguzel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jawed Fareed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Health Sciences Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 2456Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
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Barrett TJ, Bilaloglu S, Cornwell M, Burgess HM, Virginio VW, Drenkova K, Ibrahim H, Yuriditsky E, Aphinyanaphongs Y, Lifshitz M, Xia Liang F, Alejo J, Smith G, Pittaluga S, Rapkiewicz AV, Wang J, Iancu-Rubin C, Mohr I, Ruggles K, Stapleford KA, Hochman J, Berger JS. Platelets contribute to disease severity in COVID-19. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:3139-3153. [PMID: 34538015 PMCID: PMC8646651 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Heightened inflammation, dysregulated immunity, and thrombotic events are characteristic of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Given that platelets are key regulators of thrombosis, inflammation, and immunity they represent prime candidates as mediators of COVID-19-associated pathogenesis. The objective of this study was to understand the contribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to the platelet phenotype via phenotypic (activation, aggregation) and transcriptomic characterization. APPROACH AND RESULTS In a cohort of 3915 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, we analyzed blood platelet indices collected at hospital admission. Following adjustment for demographics, clinical risk factors, medication, and biomarkers of inflammation and thrombosis, we find platelet count, size, and immaturity are associated with increased critical illness and all-cause mortality. Bone marrow, lung tissue, and blood from COVID-19 patients revealed the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virions in megakaryocytes and platelets. Characterization of COVID-19 platelets found them to be hyperreactive (increased aggregation, and expression of P-selectin and CD40) and to have a distinct transcriptomic profile characteristic of prothrombotic large and immature platelets. In vitro mechanistic studies highlight that the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with megakaryocytes alters the platelet transcriptome, and its effects are distinct from the coronavirus responsible for the common cold (CoV-OC43). CONCLUSIONS Platelet count, size, and maturity associate with increased critical illness and all-cause mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Profiling tissues and blood from COVID-19 patients revealed that SARS-CoV-2 virions enter megakaryocytes and platelets and associate with alterations to the platelet transcriptome and activation profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa J Barrett
- Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Seda Bilaloglu
- Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Macintosh Cornwell
- Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hannah M Burgess
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vitor W Virginio
- Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kamelia Drenkova
- Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Homam Ibrahim
- Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eugene Yuriditsky
- Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yin Aphinyanaphongs
- Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mark Lifshitz
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Feng Xia Liang
- DART Microscopy Laboratory, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Julie Alejo
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Grace Smith
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Amy V Rapkiewicz
- Department of Pathology, NYU Winthrop Hospital, New York University Langone Health, Mineola, New York, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Camelia Iancu-Rubin
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ian Mohr
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kelly Ruggles
- Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kenneth A Stapleford
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Judith Hochman
- Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Berger
- Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Surgery, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
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11
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Jeon BR, Irfan M, Lee SE, Lee JH, Rhee MH. Rumex acetosella Inhibits Platelet Function via Impaired MAPK and Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Signaling. Chin J Integr Med 2021; 28:802-808. [PMID: 34546536 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-2873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the antiplatelet and antithrombotic activity of Rumex acetosella extract. METHODS Standard light aggregometry was used for platelet aggregation, intracellular calcium mobilization assessed using Fura-2/AM, granule secretion (ATP release) by luminometer, and fibrinogen binding to integrin αIIbβ3 detected using flow cytometry. Western blotting is carried out to determine the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling. RESULTS Rumex acetosella displayed the ability to inhibit platelet aggregation, calcium mobilization, granule secretion, and fibrinogen binding to integrin αIIbβ3. Rumex acetosella has also down-regulated MAPK and PI3K/Akt phosphorylation (all P<0.01). CONCLUSION Rumex acetosella extract exhibits antiplatelet activity via modulating GPVI signaling, and it may protect against the development of platelet-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ra Jeon
- Laboratory of Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Laboratory of Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Eumseong, 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Eumseong, 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Hee Rhee
- Laboratory of Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Mao S, Sarkar A, Wang Y, Song C, LeVine D, Wang X, Que L. Microfluidic chip grafted with integrin tension sensors for evaluating the effects of flowing shear stress and ROCK inhibitor on platelets. Lab Chip 2021; 21:3128-3136. [PMID: 34180491 PMCID: PMC8353964 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00259g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Integrins are key players in platelet adhesion and aggregation. Integrin molecular tensions, the forces transmitted by integrin molecules, are regulated by both mechanical and biochemical cues, and the outside-in and inside-out signaling has been extensively studied. While the mechanical properties of platelets at static status have been studied by atomic force microscopy, traction force microscopy and tension sensors, the biomechanical properties of flowing platelets remain elusive. Herein, we report microfluidic chips grafted with integrin tension sensors for microfluidic-force mapping in platelets. Specifically, the process of integrin αIIbβ3 mediating tension transmission and platelet adhesion under low flow rates has been obtained, and the process of platelet clustering at post-stenotic regions has been demonstrated. We found that flowing shear force can postpone the integrin-mediated tension transmission and platelet adhesion. We further evaluated the effect of Y-27632, a ROCK inhibitor that has been proven to reduce integrin-mediated platelet adhesion, at a series of concentrations and demonstrated that microfluidic chips with integrin tension sensors are sensitive to the concentration-dependent effects of Y-27632. Given their low cost and scalable throughput, these chips are ideal technical platforms for biological studies of platelets at flowing status and for platelet inhibitor or potential antiplatelet drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Mao
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011.
| | - Anwesha Sarkar
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011. and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011.
| | - Yongliang Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011.
| | - Chao Song
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011.
| | - Dana LeVine
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011.
| | - Long Que
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011.
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13
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Zheng TJ, Lofurno ER, Melrose AR, Lakshmanan HHS, Pang J, Phillips KG, Fallon ME, Kohs TCL, Ngo ATP, Shatzel JJ, Hinds MT, McCarty OJT, Aslan JE. Assessment of the effects of Syk and BTK inhibitors on GPVI-mediated platelet signaling and function. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C902-C915. [PMID: 33689480 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00296.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) play critical roles in platelet physiology, facilitating intracellular immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-mediated signaling downstream of platelet glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and GPIIb/IIIa receptors. Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting Syk and BTK have been developed as antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory therapeutics and have also gained interest as antiplatelet agents. Here, we investigate the effects of 12 different Syk and BTK inhibitors on GPVI-mediated platelet signaling and function. These inhibitors include four Syk inhibitors, Bay 61-3606, R406 (fostamatinib), entospletinib, TAK-659; four irreversible BTK inhibitors, ibrutinib, acalabrutinib, ONO-4059 (tirabrutinib), AVL-292 (spebrutinib); and four reversible BTK inhibitors, CG-806, BMS-935177, BMS-986195, and fenebrutinib. In vitro, TKIs targeting Syk or BTK reduced platelet adhesion to collagen, dense granule secretion, and alpha granule secretion in response to the GPVI agonist cross-linked collagen-related peptide (CRP-XL). Similarly, these TKIs reduced the percentage of activated integrin αIIbβ3 on the platelet surface in response to CRP-XL, as determined by PAC-1 binding. Although all TKIs tested inhibited phospholipase C γ2 (PLCγ2) phosphorylation following GPVI-mediated activation, other downstream signaling events proximal to phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and PKC were differentially affected. In addition, reversible BTK inhibitors had less pronounced effects on GPIIb/IIIa-mediated platelet spreading on fibrinogen and differentially altered the organization of PI3K around microtubules during platelets spreading on fibrinogen. Select TKIs also inhibited platelet aggregate formation on collagen under physiological flow conditions. Together, our results suggest that TKIs targeting Syk or BTK inhibit central platelet functional responses but may differentially affect protein activities and organization in critical systems downstream of Syk and BTK in platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony J Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Elizabeth R Lofurno
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Alexander R Melrose
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Jiaqing Pang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Meghan E Fallon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Tia C L Kohs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Anh T P Ngo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Joseph J Shatzel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Monica T Hinds
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Joseph E Aslan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
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14
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Zarmehri B, Shahi B, Rahmani S, Dehghan Tafti F, Foroughian M. Association of platelet count and mean platelet volume (MPV) index with types of stroke. Caspian J Intern Med 2021; 11:398-402. [PMID: 33680381 PMCID: PMC7911760 DOI: 10.22088/cjim.11.4.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background: Stroke is known to be the third most prominent cause of death in the developing countries and the most common debilitating neurologic disease. This study aimed to investigate the association of platelet count (PC) and mean platelet volume (MPV) index with various stroke types. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on patients over the age of 18 years who presented with signs and symptoms of the first acute stroke. Exclusion criteria were underlying chronic liver or renal disease and the time more than 6 hours from symptom initiation, hematological and infectious disorders in patients. After recording of demographic data, a complete blood cell count (CBC) test was performed. Results: From 150 patients, who enrolled in the study, 54.7% of patients were males. The initial brain CT scan was normal in 13 (8.7%) patients and showed evidence of brain infarction and intracranial hemorrhage in 84 (56%) and 53 (35.3%) patients respectively. Patients with intracranial hemorrhage had significantly higher mean of MPV index than the patients with normal brain-CT scan and patients with evidence of brain infarction (p<0.001). Conclusion: The MVP index can be a predictor of the type of hemorrhagic or ischemic finding in emergency CT scan in stroke patients. This relationship may help to better understand the physiopathologic role of platelets in the development of stroke (hemorrhagic or ischemic), but will not replace cerebral computed tomography to diagnose the type of stroke, or it may not initiate treatment for hemorrhagic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Zarmehri
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Behzad Shahi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Rahmani
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Foroughian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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Nguyen TMH, Le HL, Ha TT, Bui BH, Le NT, Nguyen VH, Nguyen TVA. Inhibitory effect on human platelet aggregation and coagulation and antioxidant activity of C. edulis Ker Gawl rhizome and its secondary metabolites. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 263:113136. [PMID: 32758576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Although Canna edulis Ker Gawl rhizome has been used in Traditional Vietnamese Medicine to prevent and treat heart diseases without thorough scientific evidence, limited intensive search for the bioactivities and useful substances has been done. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to investigate the antiplatelet aggregation, anticoagulant and antioxidant activity of extracts from C. edulis rhizome, separate and purify its compounds from the most active fraction and evaluate the antiplatelet aggregation, anticoagulant and antioxidant activity of isolated compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS C. edulis rhizome was extracted with ethanol, then fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water. The inhibitory effect on adenosine diphosphate- and collagen-induced human platelet aggregation was evaluated. Prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastine time and thrombine time were measured to examine the anticoagulant activity. The free radical scavenging ability was assessed with DPPH and ABTS assays. The fraction that showed the most active was used to separate and purify compounds. The structures of compounds were elucidated by NMR and MS spectroscopic methods. Isolated compounds were also tested for antiplatelet, anticoagulant and antioxidant activity. RESULTS The ethyl acetate fraction showed the most potent antiplatelet aggregation, anticoagulant and antioxidant activity. Subsequent fractionation of this active fraction resulted in the isolation of seven known compounds: 5-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one (1), epimedokoreanone A (2), nepetoidin B (3), ferulic acid (4), caffeic acid (5), hydroxytyrosol (6), and 1H-indole-3-carboxaldehyde (7). Previous studies reported the antiplatelet, anticoagulant and antioxidant activity of ferulic acid (4), caffeic acid (5) and hydroxytyrosol (6) and the antioxidant activity of nepetoidin B (3). This study demonstrated that both epimedokoreanone A (2) and nepetoidine B (3) also exhibited good antiplatelet effect and epimedokoreanone A (2) also had effective anticoagulant and antioxidant activity, while 5-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one (1) showed weaker antiplatelet and antioxidant activity but no anticoagulant effect. CONCLUSIONS This is the first experimental study to demonstrate the potent dose-dependent antiplatelet aggregation, anticoagulant and antioxidant activity of C. edulis rhizome and its pure compounds, supporting the traditional use of this plant for the treatment of heart diseases. The C. edulis rhizome is a potential source of bioactive compounds or functional food for treatment and/or prevention of heart- and oxidative stress-related diseases and its bioactive compounds are good candidates for drug development of anti-thrombosis and antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Minh Hang Nguyen
- Center of Drug Research and Development, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Viet Nam
| | - Hong Luyen Le
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Thoa Ha
- Center of Drug Research and Development, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Viet Nam
| | - Bich Hau Bui
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Le
- Center of Drug Research and Development, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Viet Nam
| | - Van Hung Nguyen
- Center of Drug Research and Development, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Van Anh Nguyen
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
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16
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Kömürcü HF, Gözke E, Doğan Ak P, Kalyoncu Aslan I, Salt I, Özgenç Bi¸er Çİ. Changes in neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet ratios and their relationship with NIHSS after rtPA and/or thrombectomy in ischemic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 29:105004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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17
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Dong L, Liu XX, Wu SX, Mei Y, Liu MJ, Dong YX, Huang JY, Li YJ, Huang Y, Wang YL, Liao SG. Rhizoma Bletillae polysaccharide elicits hemostatic effects in platelet-rich plasma by activating adenosine diphosphate receptor signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110537. [PMID: 32717630 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoma Bletillae, the tubes of Bletilla striata, has been traditionally used in China as a hemostatic agent. In preliminary studies, the major active fraction responsible for its hemostatic effect have been confirmed to be Rhizoma Bletillae polysaccharide (RBp), but the hemostatic mechanism of action of RBp is still unknown.The main aim of this study was to clarify its mechanism of hemostatic effect. RBp was prepared by 80 % ethanol precipitation of the water extract of Rhizoma Bletillae followed by the Sevag method to remove proteins. The average molecular weight (Mw) of the crude RBp maintained at a range of 30.06-200 KDa. The hemostatic effects of RBp were evaluated by testing its effect on the platelet aggregation of rat platelet-rich plasma (PRP). PRP was dealt with different concentrations of RBp and platelet aggregation was measured by the turbidimetric method. The hemostatic mechanism of RBp was investigated by examining its effect on platelet shape, platelet secretion, and activation of related receptors (P2Y1, P2Y12 and TXA2) by electron microscopy and the turbidimetric method. RBp significantly enhanced the platelet aggregations at concentrations of 50-200 mg/L in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibitory rate of platelet aggregation was significantly increased by apyrase and Ro31-8220 in a concentration-dependent manner, while RBp-induced platelet aggregation was completely inhibited by P2Y1, P2Y12 and the PKC receptor antagonists. However, the aggregation was not sensitive to TXA2. RBp, the active ingredients of Rhizoma Bletillae responsible for its hemostatic effect, could significantly accelerate the platelet aggregation and shape change. The hemostatic mechanism may involve activation of the P2Y1, P2Y12, and PKC receptors in the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Xing-Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; Materuity and Child Health Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, 550003, Guizhou, China
| | - Shu-Xia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yao Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Ming-Ji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yong-Xi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Jia-Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yong-Jun Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yong Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yong-Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
| | - Shang-Gao Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, 550025, Guizhou, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines & Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
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18
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Jeong HG, Bang JS, Kim BJ, Bae HJ, Han MK. Hematoma Hounsfield units and expansion of intracerebral hemorrhage: A potential marker of hemostatic clot contraction. Int J Stroke 2020; 16:163-171. [PMID: 31992155 DOI: 10.1177/1747493019895703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clot contraction reinforces hemostasis by providing an impermeable barrier and contractile force. Since computed tomography attenuation of intracerebral hemorrhage is largely determined by the density of red blood cells, clot contraction can be reflected in an increase of Hounsfield unit (HU) of hematoma. AIMS We hypothesized that hematoma expansion is inversely associated with mean HU of intracerebral hemorrhage at presentation. METHODS Eighty-nine consecutive spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage patients with onset to first computed tomography within 24 h were included. Hematomas were segmented using semiautomated planimetry to measure the volume and mean HU. Hematoma expansion was defined as an increase in hematoma volume by over 33% or 6 mL. Multivariable logistic regression was performed for hematoma expansion. The discrimination power of mean HU for hematoma expansion was assessed using C-statistic. RESULTS The computed tomography attenuation of hematoma at presentation was 57.5 ± 3.3 HU and the volume was 16.9 ± 23.2 mL. Hematoma expansion occurred in 37.1% of patients. The computed tomography attenuation of hematoma was lower in patients with hematoma expansion than with no expansion (55.7 ± 2.9 HU vs. 58.6 ± 3.1 HU, p-value < 0.01). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that the mean HU of hematoma was inversely associated with hematoma expansion (adjusted odds ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.51-0.80). The C-statistic of the model with four known predictors increased from 0.66 to 0.84 after incorporating mean HU (p-value < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Intracerebral hemorrhage with lower mean HU of hematoma at presentation is more likely to undergo hematoma expansion. This finding suggests the potential presence of clot contraction process that reinforces hemostasis in intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Gil Jeong
- Department of Neurology, 65462Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neurosurgery, 65462Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seung Bang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 65462Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, 65462Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Joon Bae
- Department of Neurology, 65462Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Ku Han
- Department of Neurology, 65462Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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19
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Abstract
Essentially all biological processes fluctuate over the course of the day, observed at cellular (eg, transcription, translation, and signaling), organ (eg, contractility and metabolism), and whole-body (eg, physical activity and appetite) levels. It is, therefore, not surprising that both cardiovascular physiology (eg, heart rate and blood pressure) and pathophysiology (eg, onset of adverse cardiovascular events) oscillate during the 24-hour day. Chronobiological influence over biological processes involves a complex interaction of factors that are extrinsic (eg, neurohumoral factors) and intrinsic (eg, circadian clocks) to cells. Here, we focus on circadian governance of 6 fundamentally important processes: metabolism, signaling, electrophysiology, extracellular matrix, clotting, and inflammation. In each case, we discuss (1) the physiological significance for circadian regulation of these processes (ie, the good); (2) the pathological consequence of circadian governance impairment (ie, the bad); and (3) whether persistence/augmentation of circadian influences contribute to pathogenesis during distinct disease states (ie, the ugly). Finally, the translational impact of chronobiology on cardiovascular disease is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Rana
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Sumanth D Prabhu
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Martin E Young
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
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20
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Bandyopadhyay SK, Azharuddin M, Dasgupta AK, Ganguli B, SenRoy S, Patra HK, Deb S. Probing ADP Induced Aggregation Kinetics During Platelet-Nanoparticle Interactions: Functional Dynamics Analysis to Rationalize Safety and Benefits. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:163. [PMID: 31380358 PMCID: PMC6657536 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets, one of the most sensitive blood cells, can be activated by a range of external and internal stimuli including physical, chemical, physiological, and/or non-physiological agents. Platelets need to respond promptly during injury to maintain blood hemostasis. The time profile of platelet aggregation is very complex, especially in the presence of the agonist adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP), and it is difficult to probe such complexity using traditional linear dose response models. In the present study, we explored functional analysis techniques to characterize the pattern of platelet aggregation over time in response to nanoparticle induced perturbations. This has obviated the need to represent the pattern of aggregation by a single summary measure and allowed us to treat the entire aggregation profile over time, as the response. The modeling was performed in a flexible manner, without any imposition of shape restrictions on the curve, allowing smooth platelet aggregation over time. The use of a probabilistic framework not only allowed statistical prediction and inference of the aggregation signatures, but also provided a novel method for the estimation of higher order derivatives of the curve, thereby allowing plausible estimation of the extent and rate of platelet aggregation kinetics over time. In the present study, we focused on the estimated first derivative of the curve, obtained from the platelet optical aggregometric profile over time and used it to discern the underlying kinetics as well as to study the effects of ADP dosage and perturbation with gold nanoparticles. In addition, our method allowed the quantification of the extent of inter-individual signature variations. Our findings indicated several hidden features and showed a mixture of zero and first order kinetics interrupted by a metastable zero order ADP dose dependent process. In addition, we showed that the two first order kinetic constants were ADP dependent. However, we were able to perturb the overall kinetic pattern using gold nanoparticles, which resulted in autocatalytic aggregation with a higher aggregate mass and which facilitated the aggregation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Azharuddin
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKE), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anjan K Dasgupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Bhaswati Ganguli
- Department of Statistics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Sugata SenRoy
- Department of Statistics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Hirak K Patra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKE), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Wolfson College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Suryyani Deb
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Kolkata, India
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21
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Jin P, Li X, Chen J, Zhang Z, Hu W, Chen L, Feng X, Shao B. Platelet-to-neutrophil ratio is a prognostic marker for 90-days outcome in acute ischemic stroke. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 63:110-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Zhao YF, Zhao JY, Hu WZ, Ma K, Chao Y, Sun PJ, Fu XB, Zhang H. Synthetic poly(vinyl alcohol)–chitosan as a new type of highly efficient hemostatic sponge with blood-triggered swelling and high biocompatibility. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:1855-1866. [PMID: 32255048 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb03181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic poly(vinyl alcohol)–chitosan as a new type of highly efficient hemostatic sponge with blood-triggered swelling and high biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology
- Medical School of Chinese PLA
- Beijing 100853
- China
| | - Jing-Yu Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology
- Medical School of Chinese PLA
- Beijing 100853
- China
| | - Wen-Zhi Hu
- Wound Healing Unit
- PLA General Hospital
- Beijing 100853
- China
| | - Kui Ma
- Wound Healing Unit
- PLA General Hospital
- Beijing 100853
- China
| | - Yong Chao
- Department of Medical engineering
- The First Affiliated Hospital of the PLA General Hospital
- Beijing 100048
- China
| | - Peng-Jun Sun
- Department of General Sugery
- The First Affiliated Hospital of the PLA General Hospital
- Beijing 100048
- China
| | - Xiao-Bing Fu
- Wound Healing Unit
- PLA General Hospital
- Beijing 100853
- China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology
- PLA General Hospital
- Beijing 100853
- China
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23
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Post A, Wang E, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. A Review of Integrin-Mediated Endothelial Cell Phenotype in the Design of Cardiovascular Devices. Ann Biomed Eng 2018; 47:366-380. [PMID: 30488311 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-018-02171-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sustained biomaterial thromboresistance has long been a goal and challenge in blood-contacting device design. Endothelialization is one of the most successful strategies to achieve long-term thromboresistance of blood-contacting devices, with the endothelial cell layer providing dynamic hemostatic regulation. It is well established that endothelial cell behavior is influenced by interactions with the underlying extracellular matrix (ECM). Numerous researchers have sought to exploit these interactions to generate improved blood-contacting devices by investigating the expression of hemostatic regulators in endothelial cells on various ECM coatings. The ability to select substrates that promote endothelial cell-mediated thromboresistance is crucial to advancing material design strategies to improve cardiovascular device outcomes. This review provides an overview of endothelial cell regulation of hemostasis, the major components found within the cardiovascular basal lamina, and the interactions of endothelial cells with prominent ECM components of the basement membrane. A summary of ECM-mimetic strategies used in cardiovascular devices is provided with a focus on the effects of key adhesion modalities on endothelial cell regulators of hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Post
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Ellen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Elizabeth Cosgriff-Hernandez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas, 107 W. Dean Keaton, BME 3.503D, 1 University Station, C0800, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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24
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Zhao X, Guo B, Wu H, Liang Y, Ma PX. Injectable antibacterial conductive nanocomposite cryogels with rapid shape recovery for noncompressible hemorrhage and wound healing. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2784. [PMID: 30018305 PMCID: PMC6050275 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04998-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 587] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing injectable antibacterial and conductive shape memory hemostatic with high blood absorption and fast recovery for irregularly shaped and noncompressible hemorrhage remains a challenge. Here we report injectable antibacterial conductive cryogels based on carbon nanotube (CNT) and glycidyl methacrylate functionalized quaternized chitosan for lethal noncompressible hemorrhage hemostasis and wound healing. These cryogels present robust mechanical strength, rapid blood-triggered shape recovery and absorption speed, and high blood uptake capacity. Moreover, cryogels show better blood-clotting ability, higher blood cell and platelet adhesion and activation than gelatin sponge and gauze. Cryogel with 4 mg/mL CNT (QCSG/CNT4) shows better hemostatic capability than gauze and gelatin hemostatic sponge in mouse-liver injury model and mouse-tail amputation model, and better wound healing performance than Tegaderm™ film. Importantly, QCSG/CNT4 presents excellent hemostatic performance in rabbit liver defect lethal noncompressible hemorrhage model and even better hemostatic ability than Combat Gauze in standardized circular liver bleeding model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Baolin Guo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongping Liang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Peter X Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, 1011, North University Ave., Room 2209, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109, USA.
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Schubert P, Johnson L, Marks DC, Devine DV. Ultraviolet-Based Pathogen Inactivation Systems: Untangling the Molecular Targets Activated in Platelets. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:129. [PMID: 29868586 PMCID: PMC5949320 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfusions of platelets are an important cornerstone of medicine; however, recipients may be subject to risk of adverse events associated with the potential transmission of pathogens, especially bacteria. Pathogen inactivation (PI) technologies based on ultraviolet illumination have been developed in the last decades to mitigate this risk. This review discusses studies of platelet concentrates treated with the current generation of PI technologies to assess their impact on quality, PI capacity, safety, and clinical efficacy. Improved safety seems to come with the cost of reduced platelet functionality, and hence transfusion efficacy. In order to understand these negative impacts in more detail, several molecular analyses have identified signaling pathways linked to platelet function that are altered by PI. Because some of these biochemical alterations are similar to those seen arising in the context of routine platelet storage lesion development occurring during blood bank storage, we lack a complete picture of the contribution of PI treatment to impaired platelet functionality. A model generated using data from currently available publications places the signaling protein kinase p38 as a central player regulating a variety of mechanisms triggered in platelets by PI systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schubert
- Canadian Blood Services, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lacey Johnson
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Denese C Marks
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dana V Devine
- Canadian Blood Services, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Getz TM, Manne B, Buitrago L, Mao Y, Kunapuli SP. Dextran sulphate induces fibrinogen receptor activation through a novel Syk-independent PI-3 kinase-mediated tyrosine kinase pathway in platelets. Thromb Haemost 2017; 109:1131-40. [DOI: 10.1160/th12-09-0645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SummaryIn our attempt to find a physiological agonist that activates PAR3 receptors, we screened several coagulation proteases using PAR4 null platelets. We observed that FXIIa and heat inactivated FXIIa, but not FXII, caused platelet aggregation. We have identified a contaminant activating factor in FXIIa preparation as dextran sulfate (DxS), which caused aggregation of both human and mouse platelets. DxS-induced platelet aggregation was unaffected by YM254890, a Gq inhibitor, but abolished by pan-Src family kinase (SFK) inhibitor PP2, suggesting a role for SFKs in this pathway. However, DxS-induced platelet aggregation was unaffected in FcRγ-chain null murine platelets, ruling out the possibility of glycoprotein VI-mediated events. More interesting, OXSI-2 and Go6976, two structurally unrelated inhibitors shown to affect Syk, had only a partial effect on DxS-induced PAC-1 binding. DxS-induced platelet aggregation and intracellular calcium increases were abolished by the pan PI-3 kinase inhibitor LY294002, or an isoform-specific PI-3 kinase β inhibitor TGX-221. Pretreatment of platelets with Syk inhibitors or ADP receptor antagonists had little effect on Akt phosphorylation following DxS stimulation. These results, for the first time, establish a novel tyrosine kinase pathway in platelets that causes fibrinogen receptor activation in a PI-3 kinase-dependent manner without a crucial role for Syk.
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27
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Ferrante EA, Blasier KR, Givens TB, Lloyd CA, Fischer TJ, Viola F. A Novel Device for the Evaluation of Hemostatic Function in Critical Care Settings. Anesth Analg 2016; 123:1372-9. [PMID: 27224934 DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000001413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Major surgical procedures often result in significant intra- and postoperative bleeding. The ability to identify the cause of the bleeding has the potential to reduce the transfusion of blood products and improve patient care. We present a novel device, the Quantra Hemostasis Analyzer, which has been designed for automated, rapid, near-patient monitoring of hemostasis. The Quantra is based on Sonic Estimation of Elasticity via Resonance Sonorheometry, a proprietary technology that uses ultrasound to measure clot time and clot stiffness from changes in viscoelastic properties of whole blood during coagulation. We present results of internal validation and analytical performance testing of the technology and demonstrate the ability to characterize the key functional components of hemostasis.
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28
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Badolia R, Kostyak JC, Dangelmaier C, Kunapuli SP. Syk Activity Is Dispensable for Platelet GP1b-IX-V Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1238. [PMID: 28598382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The binding of von Willebrand factor (VWF) to the platelet membrane glycoprotein 1b-IX (GP1b-IX) leads to activation of platelets. GP1b was shown to signal via the FcRγ-ITAM (Fc Receptor γ-Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif) pathway, activating spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and other tyrosine kinases. However, there have been conflicting reports regarding the role of Syk in GP1b signaling. In this study, we sought to resolve these conflicting reports and clarify the role of Syk in VWF-induced platelet activation. The inhibition of Syk with the selective Syk inhibitors, OXSI-2 and PRT-060318, did not inhibit VWF-induced platelet adhesion, agglutination, aggregation, or secretion. In contrast, platelets stimulated with the Glycoprotein VI (GPVI) agonist, collagen-related peptide (CRP), failed to cause any aggregation or secretion in presence of the Syk inhibitors. Furthermore, GP1b-induced platelet signaling was unaffected in the presence of Syk inhibitors, but GPVI-induced signaling was abolished under similar conditions. Thus, we conclude that Syk kinase activity does not play any functional role downstream of GP1b-mediated platelet activation.
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29
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Lai YF, Goh DYT, How SY, Lee KY, Tham VWP, Kong MC, Tan CW, Ng HJ. Safety and efficacy of warfarin in patients with moderate thrombocytopenia. Thromb Res 2017; 155:53-7. [PMID: 28499153 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with moderate thrombocytopenia and comorbidities requiring anticoagulation are currently sub-optimally treated because of bleeding concerns. Guidance on anticoagulating such patients is currently lacking because of limited data on safety and efficacy of anticoagulation in such patients. METHODS This retrospective study compared the incidence of bleeding and thrombosis in a cohort of warfarinized patients with sustained platelet counts below 100×109/L against a cohort with normal platelet counts (>140×109/L). Primary outcomes of safety and efficacy were determined by incidence rate ratios (IRR) of bleeding and thrombotic events. International normalized ratio (INR) and platelet counts during adverse events in thrombocytopenic arm were secondary outcomes. RESULTS 137 thrombocytopenic patients (104,985 patient-exposure days) were compared against 939 normal patients (715,193 patient-exposure days). IRR of minor, major bleeding and thrombosis among thrombocytopenic patients were 3.03 (95% CI: 1.57-5.60), 1.48 (95% CI: 0.44-3.98), and 0.807 (95% CI: 0.09-3.43) respectively. Median INR and platelet count readings during minor and major bleeds were 3.60 (IQR: 2.70-4.12) and 3.12 (IQR: 2.82-4.22), and 99×109/L (IQR: 77.0-147.0×109/L) and 115×109/L (IQR: 107.5-169.5×109/L) respectively. CONCLUSION Warfarinized thrombocytopenic patients are at higher risk of minor bleeding complications with a higher tendency for major bleeding but derive similar benefits against thrombotic events compared to normal patients. Bleeding events are associated with higher INRs. A narrow INR target with an upper limit below 2.5 together with closer anticoagulation monitoring may improve safety of patients.
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30
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Duarah R, Singh YP, Gupta P, Mandal BB, Karak N. High performance bio-based hyperbranched polyurethane/carbon dot-silver nanocomposite: a rapid self-expandable stent. Biofabrication 2016; 8:045013. [PMID: 27788125 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/8/4/045013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Development of a bio-based smart implantable material with multifaceted attributes of high performance, potent biocompatibility and inherent antibacterial property, particularly against drug resistant bacteria, is a challenging task in biomedical domain. Addressing these aspects at the bio-nano interface, we report the in situ fabrication of starch modified hyperbranched polyurethane (HPU) nanocomposites by incorporating different weight percentages of carbon dot-silver nanohybrid during polymerization process. This nanohybrid and its individual nanomaterials (Ag and CD) were prepared by facile hydrothermal approaches and characterized by various instrumental techniques. The structural insight of the nanohybrid, as well as its nanocomposites was evaluated by TEM, XRD, FTIR, EDX and thermal studies. The significant improvement in the performance in terms of tensile strength (1.7 fold), toughness (1.5 fold) and thermal stability (20 °C) of the pristine HPU was observed by the formation of nanocomposite with 5 wt.% of nanohybrid. They also showed notable shape recovery (99.6%) and nearly complete self-expansion (>99%) just within 20s at (37 ± 1) °C. Biological assessment established in vitro cytocompatibility of the HPU nanocomposites. The fabricated nanocomposites not only assisted the growth and proliferation of smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells that exhibited reduced platelet adhesion but also displayed in vitro hemocompatibility of mammalian RBCs. Significantly, the antibacterial potency of the nanocomposites against Escherichia coli MTCC 40 and Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 3160 bacterial strains vouched for their application to countercheck bacterial growth, often responsible for biofilm formation. Thus, the present work forwards the nanocomposites as potential tough infection-resistant rapid self-expandable stents for possible endoscopic surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Duarah
- Advanced Polymer and Nanomaterial Laboratory, Center for Polymer Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
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31
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Deng G, Yu S, Li Q, He Y, Liang W, Yu L, Xu D, Sun T, Zhang R, Li Q. Investigation of platelet apoptosis in adult patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 22:155-161. [PMID: 27734765 DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2016.1237004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired and heterogeneous autoimmune-mediated hematological disease typically characterized by a low platelet count. Emerging evidence over the past several years suggests that platelet biogenesis and ageing are regulated, at least in part, by apoptotic mechanisms. However, the association between decreased platelets and apoptosis in ITP patients is poorly understood. To better understand the role of platelet apoptosis in ITP pathophysiology, we investigated apoptotic markers in platelets acquired from 40 chronic ITP patients. Furthermore, the results of ITP patients were compared to those from 40 healthy individuals. METHODS Markers of apoptosis, including phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and mitochondrial inner membrane potentials (ΔΨm), were examined using flow cytometry. The expression of pro-apoptotic molecules such as Bak and Bax and anti-apoptotic molecules such as Bcl-xL were determined using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that the platelet mitochondrial membrane depolarization in chronic ITP patients tended to be higher than in healthy controls. Additionally, the proportion of platelets with surface-exposed PS in chronic ITP was significantly higher than that of controls. The results showed that the expression levels of Bak and Bax were significantly higher in chronic ITP patients than in healthy controls; Bcl-xL expression levels were significantly decreased in the platelets of chronic ITP patients compared to healthy controls. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION study indicates that the enhancement of platelet apoptosis observed in patients with chronic ITP may be one of the pathogenic mechanisms of chronic ITP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Deng
- a The Ningbo Central Blood Station , Ningbo , China.,b The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Soochow , China
| | - Shifang Yu
- c The Department of Transfusion Medicine , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Qiming Li
- d The Department of Cardiology , The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Yiwu , China
| | - Yunlei He
- a The Ningbo Central Blood Station , Ningbo , China
| | - Wei Liang
- a The Ningbo Central Blood Station , Ningbo , China
| | - Lu Yu
- a The Ningbo Central Blood Station , Ningbo , China
| | - Deyi Xu
- a The Ningbo Central Blood Station , Ningbo , China
| | - Tao Sun
- c The Department of Transfusion Medicine , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Ri Zhang
- b The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Soochow , China
| | - Qiang Li
- e The Department of Laboratory Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University , Hangzhou , China
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32
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Yang L, Han L, Jia L. A Novel Platelet-Repellent Polyphenolic Surface and Its Micropattern for Platelet Adhesion Detection. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:26570-26577. [PMID: 27652806 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Surface patterning provides a powerful tool to the diagnosis of platelet adhesion. However, the current methodologies of constructing platelet-patterned surfaces require laborious and complicated steps. Herein, a novel and simple platelet-repellent surface was reported by metal (Fe3+ ions)-polyphenol (tannic acid, TA) coordination interaction. The platelet-repellent effect was significantly better than that of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in a long-term. Moreover, the platelet-repellent behavior could extend to other polyphenols-functionalized surfaces. On the basis of these observations, a TA-based micropattern was fabricated in situ by one-step microcontact printing for well-defined platelet adhesion, which can effectively avoid the traditional introduction of inert hydrophilic polymers and bioactive ligands. Afterward, the TA-based micropattern was applied to monitor the adhesion of defective platelets treated with an antiplatelet drug (tirofiban). This work provided a facile, versatile, and environmentally friendly strategy to construct platelet-repellent polyphenolic surfaces and their micropattern. We expect that this simple micropattern could act as a low-cost and label-free platform for biomaterials and biosensors, and could be widely used in the clinical diagnoses of platelet adhesive functions and the evaluation of antiplatelet therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Yang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Han
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Lingyun Jia
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116023, P. R. China
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David CA, Owen A, Liptrott NJ. Determining the relationship between nanoparticle characteristics and immunotoxicity: key challenges and approaches. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:1447-64. [PMID: 27171671 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing wealth of information regarding the influence that physicochemical characteristics play on nanoparticle biocompatibility and safety is allowing improved design and rationale for their development and preclinical assessment. Accurate and appropriate measurement of these characteristics accompanied by informed toxicological assessment is a necessity for the development of safe and effective nanomedicines. While particle type, formulation and mode of administration dictate the individual causes for concern through development, the benefits of nanoformulation for treatment of the diseased state are great. Here we have proposed certain considerations and suggestions, which could lead to better-informed preclinical assessment of nanomaterials for nanomedicine, as well as how this information can and should be extrapolated to the physiological state of the end user.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Aw David
- European Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, University of Liverpool, Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, 70 Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L69 3GF, UK
| | - Andrew Owen
- European Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, University of Liverpool, Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, 70 Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L69 3GF, UK
| | - Neill J Liptrott
- European Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, University of Liverpool, Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, 70 Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L69 3GF, UK
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34
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Ye S, Liu X, Mao B, Yang L, Liu N. Paeonol enhances thrombus recanalization by inducing vascular endothelial growth factor 165 via ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4853-8. [PMID: 27082415 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeonol (2'-hydroxy-4'-methoxyacetophenone) is the major active compound of Mautan cortex and has been demonstrated to inhibit platelet aggregation in previous studies. The current study aimed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of paeonol in recanalizing thrombi. The presence of indicators of prothrombotic state (PTS) in the serum of the model animals were determined by enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay and the cytotoxicity of paeonol on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) cultures was estimated by 3‑(4,5 dimethylthiazol‑2‑yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The possible underlying signaling pathway involved in the interaction between paeonol and vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165) was investigated using western blotting. The levels of 6‑keto‑prostaglandin F1α, fibronectin, and VEGF165 in serum were significantly upregulated by the treatment of paeonol while the levels of fibrinogen, D‑dimer, and thromboxane B2 were significantly downregulated (P<0.05). With increased paeonol concentration, the cell viability of HUVECs gradually decreased. The results of the western blot analysis demonstrated that paeonol increased the expression levels of phosphorylated‑extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and VEGF165 but had no marked effect on the expression level of ERK1/2. Paeonol has the potential to improve PTS and recanalize thrombi in animal models, which may be by the upregulation of VEGF165 via the ERK1/2 mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway. However, this positive effect depended on the concentration of paeonol used, an unsuitably high concentration of the compound exerted negative effects on the anti‑thrombosis signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songshan Ye
- Department of Medical Experimental Center, Zhang Zhongjing Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China
| | - Xianjuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Nanyang, Nanyang, Henan 473000, P.R. China
| | - Bingyu Mao
- Department of Medical Experimental Center, Zhang Zhongjing Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Medical Experimental Center, Zhang Zhongjing Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China
| | - Nuan Liu
- Department of Medical Experimental Center, Zhang Zhongjing Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China
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Du J, Wang Q, He B, Liu P, Chen JY, Quan H, Ma X. Association of mean platelet volume and platelet count with the development and prognosis of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 38:233-9. [PMID: 26992440 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Du
- Department of Neurology; The Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital; Chengdu Sichuan China
- Department of Health and Social Behavior; West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University; Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Q. Wang
- Department of Neurology; The Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital; Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - B. He
- Department of Health and Social Behavior; West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University; Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - P. Liu
- Department of Health and Social Behavior; West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University; Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - J.-Y. Chen
- Department of Health and Social Behavior; West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University; Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - H. Quan
- Department of Neurology; The Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital; Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - X. Ma
- Department of Neurology; The Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital; Chengdu Sichuan China
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Im WK, Park HJ, Lee KS, Lee JH, Kim YD, Kim KH, Park SJ, Hong S, Jeon SH. Fisetin-Rich Extracts ofRhus vernicifluaStokes Improve Blood Flow Rates in Mice Fed Both Normal and High-Fat Diets. J Med Food 2016; 19:120-6. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.3515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Won Kyun Im
- Department of Life Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwang Soo Lee
- Department of Life Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, South Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Lee
- Department of Life Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, South Korea
| | - Young Dong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, South Korea
| | | | | | - Seokmann Hong
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Ho Jeon
- Department of Life Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, South Korea
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Bhavanasi D, Badolia R, Manne BK, Janapati S, Dangelmaier CT, Mazharian A, Jin J, Kim S, Zhang X, Chen X, Senis YA, Kunapuli SP. Cross talk between serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases regulates ADP-induced thromboxane generation in platelets. Thromb Haemost 2015; 114:558-68. [PMID: 25947062 DOI: 10.1160/th14-09-0775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
ADP-induced thromboxane generation depends on Src family kinases (SFKs) and is enhanced with pan-protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, but it is not clear how these two events are linked. The aim of the current study is to investigate the role of Y311 phosphorylated PKCδ in regulating ADP-induced platelet activation. In the current study, we employed various inhibitors and murine platelets from mice deficient in specific molecules to evaluate the role of PKCδ in ADP-induced platelet responses. We show that, upon stimulation of platelets with 2MeSADP, Y311 on PKCδ is phosphorylated in a P2Y1/Gq and Lyn-dependent manner. By using PKCδ and Lyn knockout murine platelets, we also show that tyrosine phosphorylated PKCδ plays a functional role in mediating 2MeSADP-induced thromboxane generation. 2MeSADP-induced PKCδ Y311 phosphorylation and thromboxane generation were potentiated in human platelets pre-treated with either a pan-PKC inhibitor, GF109203X or a PKC α/β inhibitor and in PKC α or β knockout murine platelets compared to controls. Furthermore, we show that PKC α/β inhibition potentiates the activity of SFK, which further hyper-phosphorylates PKCδ and potentiates thromboxane generation. These results show for the first time that tyrosine phosphorylated PKCδ regulates ADP-induced thromboxane generation independent of its catalytic activity and that classical PKC isoforms α/β regulate the tyrosine phosphorylation on PKCδ and subsequent thromboxane generation through tyrosine kinase, Lyn, in platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Satya P Kunapuli
- Satya P. Kunapuli PhD, Department of Physiology and Sol Sherry Thrombosis Center,, Temple University School of Medicine,, 3420 North Broad street, MRB 414, Philadelphia PA, 19140, USA, Tel.: +1 215 707 4615, Fax: +1 215 707 6944, E-mail:
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Hwaiz R, Rahman M, Syk I, Zhang E, Thorlacius H. Rac1-dependent secretion of platelet-derived CCL5 regulates neutrophil recruitment via activation of alveolar macrophages in septic lung injury. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 97:975-984. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.4a1214-603r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggest that platelets play an important role in regulating neutrophil recruitment in septic lung injury. Herein, we hypothesized that platelet-derived CCL5 might facilitate sepsis-induced neutrophil accumulation in the lung. Abdominal sepsis was induced by CLP in C57BL/6 mice. CLP increased plasma levels of CCL5. Platelet depletion and treatment with the Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 markedly reduced CCL5 in the plasma of septic mice. Moreover, Rac1 inhibition completely inhibited proteasePAR4-induced secretion of CCL5 in isolated platelets. Immunoneutralization of CCL5 decreased CLP-induced neutrophil infiltration, edema formation, and tissue injury in the lung. However, inhibition of CCL5 function had no effect on CLP-induced expression of Mac-1 on neutrophils. The blocking of CCL5 decreased plasma and lung levels of CXCL1 and CXCL2 in septic animals. CCL5 had no effect on neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro, suggesting an indirect effect of CCL5 on neutrophil recruitment. Intratracheal challenge with CCL5 increased accumulation of neutrophils and formation of CXCL2 in the lung. Administration of the CXCR2 antagonist SB225002 abolished CCL5-induced pulmonary recruitment of neutrophils. Isolated alveolar macrophages expressed significant levels of the CCL5 receptors CCR1 and CCR5. In addition, CCL5 triggered significant secretion of CXCL2 from isolated alveolar macrophages. Notably, intratracheal administration of clodronate not only depleted mice of alveolar macrophages but also abolished CCL5-induced formation of CXCL2 in the lung. Taken together, our findings suggest that Rac1 regulates platelet secretion of CCL5 and that CCL5 is a potent inducer of neutrophil recruitment in septic lung injury via formation of CXCL2 in alveolar macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rundk Hwaiz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Section for Surgery , Malmö , Sweden
| | - Milladur Rahman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Section for Surgery , Malmö , Sweden
| | - Ingvar Syk
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Section for Surgery , Malmö , Sweden
| | - Enming Zhang
- Islet Pathophysiology, Lund University , Malmö , Sweden
| | - Henrik Thorlacius
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Section for Surgery , Malmö , Sweden
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Yang UJ, Maeng H, Park TS, Shim SM. Houttuynia cordata Extract Improves Physical Endurance Performance by Regulating Endothelial Production of Nitric Oxide. J Med Food 2015; 18:1022-31. [PMID: 25923355 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2014.3371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular function is mediated by various regulatory molecules, including endothelial nitric oxide (NO), which regulates the vasodilation of smooth muscle cells. We investigated whether standardized Houttuynia cordata extract (SHCE) could improve physical endurance performance by regulating the endothelial production of NO. For the standardization of Houttuynia cordata (HC) extract, its bioactive components were identified and quantified using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Bioaccessibility and biological activity were measured by the in vitro digestion model system and free radical scavenging capacity, respectively. The vascular function in the endothelium was assessed by the phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). A preliminary clinical trial was carried out to assess the physical endurance performance. HC extract was standardized to bioactive components, including chlorogenic acid, rutin, and quercitrin, with the concentration of 5.53, 6.09, and 16.15 mg from 1 g of dry weight, respectively. Bioaccessibility was 33.17%, 31.67%, and 11.18% for chlorogenic acid, rutin, and quercitrin, respectively. Antioxidant activities of SHCE were expressed as vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity in 55.81 and 17.23 mg/g of HC extract using ABTS and DPPH scavenging assay, respectively. In human aortic endothelial cells, insulin-mediated phosphorylation of eNOS was increased by SHCE in the presence of palmitate. However, the expression of blood pressure-regulating genes was not altered. The level of blood lactate concentration and the heart rate of subjects who drank SHCE were lower than those of subjects who drank plain water. Oxygen uptake from subjects drinking SHCE was slightly higher than that from those who drank plain water. This study demonstrated that SHCE decreased heart rate and blood lactate, increased oxygen uptake, and improved physical performance, presumably due to the increased NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ui-Jeong Yang
- 1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyojin Maeng
- 2 Department of Life Science, Gachon University , Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Tae-Sik Park
- 2 Department of Life Science, Gachon University , Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Soon-Mi Shim
- 1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University , Seoul, Korea
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Yu S, Huang H, Deng G, Xie Z, Ye Y, Guo R, Cai X, Hong J, Qian D, Zhou X, Tao Z, Chen B, Li Q. miR-326 targets antiapoptotic Bcl-xL and mediates apoptosis in human platelets. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122784. [PMID: 25875481 PMCID: PMC4395162 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play crucial roles in hemostasis, thrombosis, wound healing, inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor metastases. Because they are anucleated blood cells, platelets lack nuclear DNA, but they do contain mitochondrial DNA, which plays a key role in regulating apoptosis. Recent evidence has suggested that miRNAs are also involved in regulating gene expression and apoptosis in platelets. Our previous study showed that the expression of miR-326 increased visibly when apheresis platelets were stored in vitro. The antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family regulator Bcl-xL has been identified as a putative target of miR-326. In the present study, dual reporter luciferase assays were used to characterize the function of miR-326 in the regulation of the apoptosis of platelet cells. These assays demonstrated that miR-326 bound to the 3′-translated region of Bcl-xL. To directly assess the functional effects of miR-326 expression, levels of Bcl-xL and the apoptotic status of stored apheresis platelets were measured after transfection of miR-326 mimic or inhibitor. Results indicated that miR-326 inhibited Bcl-xL expression and induced apoptosis in stored platelets. Additionally, miR-326 inhibited Bcl-2 protein expression and enhanced Bak expression, possibly through an indirect mechanism, though there was no effect on the expression of Bax. The effect of miR-326 appeared to be limited to apoptosis, with no significant effect on platelet activation. These results provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms affecting differential platelet gene regulation, which may increase understanding of the role of platelet apoptosis in multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifang Yu
- The Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- The Department of Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huicong Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gang Deng
- The Ningbo Central Blood Station, Ningbo, China
| | - Zuoting Xie
- The Department of Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yincai Ye
- The Department of Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ruide Guo
- The Department of Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuejiao Cai
- The Department of Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Junying Hong
- The Department of Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dingliang Qian
- The Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian, China
| | - Xiangjing Zhou
- The Department of Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Tao
- The Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (QL); (ZT)
| | - Bile Chen
- The Department of Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- The Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian, China
- * E-mail: (QL); (ZT)
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Manne BK, Badolia R, Dangelmaier C, Eble JA, Ellmeier W, Kahn M, Kunapuli SP. Distinct pathways regulate Syk protein activation downstream of immune tyrosine activation motif (ITAM) and hemITAM receptors in platelets. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:11557-68. [PMID: 25767114 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.629527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase pathways are known to play an important role in the activation of platelets. In particular, the GPVI and CLEC-2 receptors are known to activate Syk upon tyrosine phosphorylation of an immune tyrosine activation motif (ITAM) and hemITAM, respectively. However, unlike GPVI, the CLEC-2 receptor contains only one tyrosine motif in the intracellular domain. The mechanisms by which this receptor activates Syk are not completely understood. In this study, we identified a novel signaling mechanism in CLEC-2-mediated Syk activation. CLEC-2-mediated, but not GPVI-mediated, platelet activation and Syk phosphorylation were abolished by inhibition of PI3K, which demonstrates that PI3K regulates Syk downstream of CLEC-2. Ibrutinib, a Tec family kinase inhibitor, also completely abolished CLEC-2-mediated aggregation and Syk phosphorylation in human and murine platelets. Furthermore, embryos lacking both Btk and Tec exhibited cutaneous edema associated with blood-filled vessels in a typical lymphatic pattern similar to CLEC-2 or Syk-deficient embryos. Thus, our data show, for the first time, that PI3K and Tec family kinases play a crucial role in the regulation of platelet activation and Syk phosphorylation downstream of the CLEC-2 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Kanth Manne
- From the Department of Physiology, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140
| | - Rachit Badolia
- From the Department of Physiology, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140
| | - Carol Dangelmaier
- From the Department of Physiology, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140
| | - Johannes A Eble
- the Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- the Division of Immunobiology, Institution of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and
| | - Mark Kahn
- the Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-5159
| | - Satya P Kunapuli
- From the Department of Physiology, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140,
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Abstract
Gαq plays an important role in platelet activation by agonists such as thrombin, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thromboxane. The significance of Gαq signaling in platelets was established using YM254890, a Gαq/11-specific inhibitor and Gαq knockout murine platelets. However, YM-254890 is no longer available for investigators and there is a need to characterize other Gαq inhibitors. The aim of this study is to characterize the specificity of a compound, {L-threonine,(3R)-N-acetyl-3-hydroxy-L-leucyl-(aR)-a-hydroxybenzenepropanoyl-2,3-idehydro-N-methylalanyl-L-alanyl-N-methyl-L-alanyl-(3R)-3-[[(2S,3R)-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-1-oxo-2-[(1-oxopropyl)amino]pentyl]oxy]-L-leucyl-N,O-dimethyl-,(7 → 1)-lactone (9CI)} (UBO-QIC), as a Gαq inhibitor in platelets. Human platelets treated with UBO-QIC showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of platelet aggregation and secretion by protease-activated receptors (PAR) agonists, U46619 and ADP. UBO-QIC also abolished Gαq pathway signaling events such as calcium mobilization and pleckstrin phosphorylation. UBO-QIC had no nonspecific effects on the Gα12/13 pathway since platelet shape change was intact in Gαq knockout murine platelets stimulated with PAR agonists in the presence of the inhibitor. In addition, UBO-QIC-treated platelets did not affect collagen-related peptide-induced platelet activation suggesting that this inhibitor had no non-specific effects on the GPVI pathway. Furthermore, Akt phosphorylation downstream of the Gαi and Gαz pathways, and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation downstream of the Gαs pathway were not inhibited in UBO-QIC-treated platelets. UBO-QIC is a specific inhibitor for Gαq, which can be a useful tool for investigating Gαq-coupled receptor signaling pathways in platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Inamdar
- a Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Department of Physiology , Temple University School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Akruti Patel
- a Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Department of Physiology , Temple University School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Bhanu Kanth Manne
- a Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Department of Physiology , Temple University School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Carol Dangelmaier
- a Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Department of Physiology , Temple University School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Satya P Kunapuli
- a Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Department of Physiology , Temple University School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushal U Naik
- a Delaware Cardiovascular Research Center ; Department of Biological Sciences; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Delaware Biotechnology Institute; University of Delaware ; Newark, DE USA
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Manne BK, Badolia R, Dangelmaier CA, Kunapuli SP. C-type lectin like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) signals independently of lipid raft microdomains in platelets. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 93:163-70. [PMID: 25462818 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
C-type lectin like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) has been reported to activate platelets through a lipid raft-dependent manner. Secreted ADP potentiates CLEC-2-mediated platelet aggregation. We have investigated whether the decrease in CLEC-2-mediated platelet aggregation, previously reported in platelets with disrupted rafts, is a result of the loss of agonist potentiation by ADP. We disrupted platelet lipid rafts with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) and measured signaling events downstream of CLEC-2 activation. Lipid raft disruption decreases platelet aggregation induced by CLEC-2 agonists. The inhibition of platelet aggregation by the disruption of lipid rafts was rescued by the exogenous addition of epinephrine but not 2-methylthioadenosine diphosphate (2MeSADP), which suggests that lipid raft disruption effects P2Y12-mediated Gi activation but not Gz. Phosphorylation of Syk (Y525/526) and PLCγ2 (Y759), were not affected by raft disruption in CLEC-2 agonist-stimulated platelets. Furthermore, tyrosine phosphorylation of the CLEC-2 hemi-ITAM was not effected when MβCD disrupts lipid rafts. Lipid rafts do not directly contribute to CLEC-2 receptor activation in platelets. The effects of disruption of lipid rafts in in vitro assays can be attributed to inhibition of ADP feedback that potentiates CLEC-2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Kanth Manne
- Department of Physiology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rachit Badolia
- Department of Physiology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carol A Dangelmaier
- Department of Physiology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Satya P Kunapuli
- Department of Physiology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Yoda E, Rai K, Ogawa M, Takakura Y, Kuwata H, Suzuki H, Nakatani Y, Murakami M, Hara S. Group VIB calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2γ) regulates platelet activation, hemostasis and thrombosis in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109409. [PMID: 25313821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In platelets, group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2α) has been implicated as a key regulator in the hydrolysis of platelet membrane phospholipids, leading to pro-thrombotic thromboxane A2 and anti-thrombotic 12-(S)-hydroxyeicosatetranoic acid production. However, studies using cPLA2α-deficient mice have indicated that other PLA2(s) may also be involved in the hydrolysis of platelet glycerophospholipids. In this study, we found that group VIB Ca2+-independent PLA2 (iPLA2γ)-deficient platelets showed decreases in adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-dependent aggregation and ADP- or collagen-dependent thromboxane A2 production. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis of platelet phospholipids revealed that fatty acyl compositions of ethanolamine plasmalogen and phosphatidylglycerol were altered in platelets from iPLA2γ-null mice. Furthermore, mice lacking iPLA2γ displayed prolonged bleeding times and were protected against pulmonary thromboembolism. These results suggest that iPLA2γ is an additional, long-sought-after PLA2 that hydrolyzes platelet membranes and facilitates platelet aggregation in response to ADP.
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Abstract
In this issue of Blood, Arman et al show that bacteria use immunoglobulin G (IgG) from plasma to engage platelet surface receptors FcγRIIA and integrin αIIbβ3 to induce platelet activation, which is further facilitated by platelet factor 4 (PF4).
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Nichols MD, Choudhary R, Kodali S, Reichert WM. Coagulation-induced resistance to fluid flow in small-diameter vascular grafts and graft mimics measured by purging pressure. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2014; 101:1367-76. [PMID: 24591220 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the coagulation-induced resistance to flow in small-diameter nonpermeable Tygon tubes and permeable expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) vascular grafts was characterized by measuring the upstream pressure needed to purge the coagulum from the tube lumen. This purging pressure was monitored using a closed system that compressed the contents of the tubes at a constant rate. The pressure system was validated using a glycerin series with well-defined viscosities and precisely controlled reductions in cross-sectional area available for flow. This system was then used to systematically probe the upstream pressure buildup as fibrin glue, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or whole blood coagulated in small-diameter Tygon tubing and or ePTFE grafts. The maximum purging pressures rose with increased clot maturity for fibrin glue, PRP, and whole blood in both Tygon and ePTFE tubes. Although the rapidly coagulating fibrin glue in nonpermeable Tygon tubing yielded highly consistent purging curves, the significantly longer and more variable clotting times of PRP and whole blood, and the porosity of ePTFE grafts, significantly diminished the consistency of the purging curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Nichols
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biomolecular and Tissue Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708
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Ahmed F, Choudhury NR, Dutta NK, Brito e Abreu S, Zannettino A, Duncan E. Interaction of Platelets with Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Electrospun Surfaces. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:744-55. [DOI: 10.1021/bm4015396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Furqan Ahmed
- Ian
Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes
Campus, South Australia, Australia
| | - Namita Roy Choudhury
- Ian
Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes
Campus, South Australia, Australia
| | - Naba K. Dutta
- Ian
Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes
Campus, South Australia, Australia
| | - Susana Brito e Abreu
- Ian
Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes
Campus, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Zannettino
- Myeloma
Research Laboratory, School of Medical Science, University of Adelaide, South
Australia, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Duncan
- Myeloma
Research Laboratory, School of Medical Science, University of Adelaide, South
Australia, Australia
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Abstract
Platelets upon activation change their shape, aggregate and secrete alpha and dense granule contents among which ADP acts as a feedback activator. Different Protein Kinase C (PKC) isoforms have specific non-redundant roles in mediating platelet responses including secretion and thrombus formation. Murine platelets lacking specific PKC isoforms have been used to evaluate the isoform specific functions. Novel PKC isoform δ has been shown to play an important role in some pathological processes. Lack of specific inhibitors for PKCδ has restricted analysis of its role in various cells. The current study was carried out to evaluate a novel small molecule PKCδ inhibitor, CGX1037 in platelets. Platelet aggregation, dense granule secretion and western blotting experiments were performed to evaluate CGX1037. In human platelets, CGX1037 inhibited PAR4-mediated phosphorylation on PKD2, a PKCδ-specific substrate. Pre-treatment of human or murine platelets with CGX1037 inhibited PAR4-mediated dense granule secretion whereas it potentiated GPVI-mediated dense granule secretion similar to the responses observed in murine platelets lacking PKCδ· Furthermore, pre-treatment of platelets from PKCδ(-/-) mice with CGX1037 had no significant additive effect on platelet responses suggesting the specificity of CGX1037. Hence, we show that CGX1037 is a selective small molecule inhibitor of PKCδ in platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dheeraj Bhavanasi
- Department of Physiology, Temple University School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA
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