1
|
Pardina‐Torner H, De Paepe AE, Garcia‐Gorro C, Rodriguez‐Dechicha N, Vaquer I, Calopa M, Ruiz‐Idiago J, Mareca C, de Diego‐Balaguer R, Camara E. Disentangling the neurobiological bases of temporal impulsivity in Huntington's disease. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3335. [PMID: 38450912 PMCID: PMC10918610 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite its impact on daily life, impulsivity in Huntington's disease (HD) is understudied as a neuropsychiatric symptom. Our aim is to characterize temporal impulsivity in HD and to disentangle the white matter correlate associated with impulsivity. METHODS Forty-seven HD individuals and 36 healthy controls were scanned and evaluated for temporal impulsivity using a delay-discounting (DD) task and complementary Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire. Diffusion tensor imaging was employed to characterize the structural connectivity of three limbic tracts: the uncinate fasciculus (UF), the accumbofrontal tract (NAcc-OFC), and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex connectig the caudate nucleus (DLPFC-cn). Multiple linear regression analyses were applied to analyze the relationship between impulsive behavior and white matter microstructural integrity. RESULTS Our results revealed altered structural connectivity in the DLPC-cn, the NAcc-OFC and the UF in HD individuals. At the same time, the variability in structural connectivity of these tracts was associated with the individual differences in temporal impulsivity. Specifically, increased structural connectivity in the right NAcc-OFC and reduced connectivity in the left UF were associated with higher temporal impulsivity scores. CONCLUSIONS The present findings highlight the importance of investigating the spectrum of temporal impulsivity in HD. As, while less prevalent than other psychiatric features, this symptom is still reported to significantly impact the quality of life of patients and caregivers. This study provides evidence that individual differences observed in temporal impulsivity may be explained by variability in limbic frontostriatal tracts, while shedding light on the role of sensitivity to reward in modulating impulsive behavior through the selection of immediate rewards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Pardina‐Torner
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity UnitBellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Audrey E. De Paepe
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity UnitBellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Clara Garcia‐Gorro
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity UnitBellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Nadia Rodriguez‐Dechicha
- Hestia Duran i ReynalsHospital Duran i Reynals, Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la SalutUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Irene Vaquer
- Hestia Duran i ReynalsHospital Duran i Reynals, Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la SalutUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Matilde Calopa
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology ServiceHospital Universitari de BellvitgeBarcelonaSpain
- ICREA (Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Jesus Ruiz‐Idiago
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Hospital Mare de Deu de la MercèBarcelonaSpain
| | - Celia Mareca
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Hospital Mare de Deu de la MercèBarcelonaSpain
| | - Ruth de Diego‐Balaguer
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity UnitBellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
- Department of Cognition, Development and Education PsychologyUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institute of NeurosciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- ICREA (Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Estela Camara
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity UnitBellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cui Z, Meng L, Zhang Q, Lou J, Lin Y, Sun Y. White and Gray Matter Abnormalities in Young Adult Females with Dependent Personality Disorder: A Diffusion-Tensor Imaging and Voxel-Based Morphometry Study. Brain Topogr 2024; 37:102-115. [PMID: 37831323 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-023-01013-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
We applied diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) including measurements of fractional anisotropy (FA), a parameter of neuronal fiber integrity, mean diffusivity (MD), a parameter of brain tissue integrity, as well as voxel-based morphometry (VBM), a measure of gray and white matter volume, to provide a basis to improve our understanding of the neurobiological basis of dependent personality disorder (DPD). DTI was performed on young girls with DPD (N = 17) and young female healthy controls (N = 17). Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) were used to examine microstructural characteristics. Gray matter volume differences between the two groups were investigated using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). The Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to examine the relationship between distinct brain areas of white matter and gray matter and the Dy score on the MMPI. The DPD had significantly higher fractional anisotropy (FA) values than the HC group in the right retrolenticular part of the internal capsule, right external capsule, the corpus callosum, right posterior thalamic radiation (include optic radiation), right cerebral peduncle (p < 0.05), which was strongly positively correlated with the Dy score of MMPI. The volume of gray matter in the right postcentral gyrus and left cuneus in DPD was significantly increased (p < 0.05), which was strongly positively correlated with the Dy score of MMPI (r1,2= 0.467,0.353; p1,2 = 0.005,0.04). Our results provide new insights into the changes in the brain structure in DPD, which suggests that alterations in the brain structure might implicate the pathophysiology of DPD. Possible visual and somatosensory association with motor nerve circuits in DPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixia Cui
- Weifang Mental Health Center, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | | | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Lou
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- First Clinical Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yueji Sun
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kumpulainen V, Copeland A, Pulli EP, Silver E, Kataja EL, Saukko E, Merisaari H, Lewis JD, Karlsson L, Karlsson H, Tuulari JJ. Prenatal and Postnatal Maternal Depressive Symptoms Are Associated With White Matter Integrity in 5-Year-Olds in a Sex-Specific Manner. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 94:924-935. [PMID: 37220833 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal and postnatal maternal psychological distress predicts various detrimental consequences on social, behavioral, and cognitive development of offspring, especially in girls. Maturation of white matter (WM) continues from prenatal development into adulthood and is thus susceptible to exposures both before and after birth. METHODS WM microstructural features of 130 children (mean age, 5.36 years; range, 5.04-5.79 years; 63 girls) and their association with maternal prenatal and postnatal depressive and anxiety symptoms were investigated with diffusion tensor imaging, tract-based spatial statistics, and regression analyses. Maternal questionnaires were collected during first, second, and third trimesters and at 3, 6, and 12 months postpartum with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) for depressive symptoms and Symptom Checklist-90 for general anxiety. Covariates included child's sex; child's age; maternal prepregnancy body mass index; maternal age; socioeconomic status; and exposures to smoking, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and synthetic glucocorticoids during pregnancy. RESULTS Prenatal second-trimester EPDS scores were positively associated with fractional anisotropy in boys (p < .05, 5000 permutations) after controlling for EPDS scores 3 months postpartum. In contrast, postpartum EPDS scores at 3 months correlated negatively with fractional anisotropy (p < .01, 5000 permutations) in widespread areas only in girls after controlling for prenatal second-trimester EPDS scores. Perinatal anxiety was not associated with WM structure. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that prenatal and postnatal maternal psychological distress is associated with brain WM tract developmental alterations in a sex- and timing-dependent manner. Future studies including behavioral data are required to consolidate associative outcomes for these alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venla Kumpulainen
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Anni Copeland
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Elmo P Pulli
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eero Silver
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eeva-Leena Kataja
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ekaterina Saukko
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Merisaari
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - John D Lewis
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Medicine, Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jetro J Tuulari
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku Collegium for Science, Medicine and Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang A, Yang YT, Zhao XM. An augmented Mendelian randomization approach provides causality of brain imaging features on complex traits in a single biobank-scale dataset. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1011112. [PMID: 38150468 PMCID: PMC10775988 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mendelian randomization (MR) is an effective approach for revealing causal risk factors that underpin complex traits and diseases. While MR has been more widely applied under two-sample settings, it is more promising to be used in one single large cohort given the rise of biobank-scale datasets that simultaneously contain genotype data, brain imaging data, and matched complex traits from the same individual. However, most existing multivariable MR methods have been developed for two-sample setting or a small number of exposures. In this study, we introduce a one-sample multivariable MR method based on partial least squares and Lasso regression (MR-PL). MR-PL is capable of considering the correlation among exposures (e.g., brain imaging features) when the number of exposures is extremely upscaled, while also correcting for winner's curse bias. We performed extensive and systematic simulations, and demonstrated the robustness and reliability of our method. Comprehensive simulations confirmed that MR-PL can generate more precise causal estimates with lower false positive rates than alternative approaches. Finally, we applied MR-PL to the datasets from UK Biobank to reveal the causal effects of 36 white matter tracts on 180 complex traits, and showed putative white matter tracts that are implicated in smoking, blood vascular function-related traits, and eating behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anyi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yucheng T. Yang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Ming Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- International Human Phenome Institutes (Shanghai), Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rosch KS, Batschelett MA, Crocetti D, Mostofsky SH, Seymour KE. Sex differences in atypical fronto-subcortical structural connectivity among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Associations with delay discounting. Behav Brain Res 2023; 452:114525. [PMID: 37271314 PMCID: PMC10527538 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Atypical fronto-subcortical neural circuitry has been implicated in the pathophysiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), including connections between prefrontal cortical regions involved in top-down cognitive control and subcortical limbic structures (striatum and amygdala) involved in bottom-up reward and emotional processing. The integrity of fronto-subcortical connections may also relate to interindividual variability in delay discounting, or a preference for smaller, immediate over larger, delayed rewards, which is associated with ADHD, with recent evidence of ADHD-related sex differences. METHODS We applied diffusion tensor imaging to compare the integrity of the white matter connections within fronto-subcortical tracts among 187 8-12 year-old children either with ADHD ((n = 106; 29 girls) or typically developing (TD) controls ((n = 81; 28 girls). Analyses focused on diagnostic group differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) within fronto-subcortical circuitry implicated in delay discounting, connecting subregions of the striatum (dorsal executive and ventral limbic areas) and amygdala with prefrontal regions of interest (dorsolateral [dlPFC], orbitofrontal [OFC] and anterior cingulate cortex [ACC]), and associations with two behavioral assessments of delay discounting. RESULTS Children with ADHD showed reduced FA in tracts connecting OFC with ventral striatum, regardless of sex, whereas reduced FA in the OFC-amygdala and ventral ACC-amygdala tracts were specific to boys with ADHD. Across diagnostic groups and sex, reduced FA in the dorsal ACC-executive striatum tract correlated with greater game time delay discounting. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest a potential neurobiological substrate of heightened delay discounting in children with ADHD and support the need for additional studies including larger sample sizes of girls with ADHD to further elucidate ADHD-related sex differences in these relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keri S Rosch
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, USA; Neuropsychology Department, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, USA.
| | | | - Deana Crocetti
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, USA
| | - Stewart H Mostofsky
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, USA
| | - Karen E Seymour
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, USA; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Garzón B, Kurth-Nelson Z, Bäckman L, Nyberg L, Guitart-Masip M. Investigating associations of delay discounting with brain structure, working memory, and episodic memory. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:1669-1678. [PMID: 35488441 PMCID: PMC9977379 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Delay discounting (DD), the preference for smaller and sooner rewards over larger and later ones, is an important behavioural phenomenon for daily functioning of increasing interest within psychopathology. The neurobiological mechanisms behind DD are not well understood and the literature on structural correlates of DD shows inconsistencies. METHODS Here we leveraged a large openly available dataset (n = 1196) to investigate associations with memory performance and gray and white matter correlates of DD using linked independent component analysis. RESULTS Greater DD was related to smaller anterior temporal gray matter volume. Associations of DD with total cortical volume, subcortical volumes, markers of white matter microscopic organization, working memory, and episodic memory scores were not significant after controlling for education and income. CONCLUSION Effects of size comparable to the one we identified would be unlikely to be replicated with sample sizes common in many previous studies in this domain, which may explain the incongruities in the literature. The paucity and small size of the effects detected in our data underscore the importance of using large samples together with methods that accommodate their statistical structure and appropriate control for confounders, as well as the need to devise paradigms with improved task parameter reliability in studies relating brain structure and cognitive abilities with DD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín Garzón
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17 165, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zeb Kurth-Nelson
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, 10-12 Russell Square, WC1B 5EH, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lars Bäckman
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17 165, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, 3A, 2tr, Norrlands universitetssjukhus, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Linnaeus väg 7, 907 36, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, H, Biologihuset, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marc Guitart-Masip
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17 165, Stockholm, Sweden.,Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, 10-12 Russell Square, WC1B 5EH, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Popovic D, Wertz M, Geisler C, Kaufmann J, Lähteenvuo M, Lieslehto J, Witzel J, Bogerts B, Walter M, Falkai P, Koutsouleris N, Schiltz K. Patterns of risk-Using machine learning and structural neuroimaging to identify pedophilic offenders. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1001085. [PMID: 37151966 PMCID: PMC10157073 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1001085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Child sexual abuse (CSA) has become a focal point for lawmakers, law enforcement, and mental health professionals. With high prevalence rates around the world and far-reaching, often chronic, individual, and societal implications, CSA and its leading risk factor, pedophilia, have been well investigated. This has led to a wide range of clinical tools and actuarial instruments for diagnosis and risk assessment regarding CSA. However, the neurobiological underpinnings of pedosexual behavior, specifically regarding hands-on pedophilic offenders (PO), remain elusive. Such biomarkers for PO individuals could potentially improve the early detection of high-risk PO individuals and enhance efforts to prevent future CSA. Aim To use machine learning and MRI data to identify PO individuals. Methods From a single-center male cohort of 14 PO individuals and 15 matched healthy control (HC) individuals, we acquired diffusion tensor imaging data (anisotropy, diffusivity, and fiber tracking) in literature-based regions of interest (prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, and corpus callosum). We trained a linear support vector machine to discriminate between PO and HC individuals using these WM microstructure data. Post hoc, we investigated the PO model decision scores with respect to sociodemographic (age, education, and IQ) and forensic characteristics (psychopathy, sexual deviance, and future risk of sexual violence) in the PO subpopulation. We assessed model specificity in an external cohort of 53 HC individuals. Results The classifier discriminated PO from HC individuals with a balanced accuracy of 75.5% (sensitivity = 64.3%, specificity = 86.7%, P 5000 = 0.018) and an out-of-sample specificity to correctly identify HC individuals of 94.3%. The predictive brain pattern contained bilateral fractional anisotropy in the anterior cingulate cortex, diffusivity in the left amygdala, and structural prefrontal cortex-amygdala connectivity in both hemispheres. This brain pattern was associated with the number of previous child victims, the current stance on sexuality, and the professionally assessed risk of future sexual violent reoffending. Conclusion Aberrant white matter microstructure in the prefronto-temporo-limbic circuit could be a potential neurobiological correlate for PO individuals at high-risk of reoffending with CSA. Although preliminary and exploratory at this point, our findings highlight the general potential of MRI-based biomarkers and particularly WM microstructure patterns for future CSA risk assessment and preventive efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Popovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: David Popovic,
| | - Maximilian Wertz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carolin Geisler
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joern Kaufmann
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Markku Lähteenvuo
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johannes Lieslehto
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Joachim Witzel
- Central State Forensic Psychiatric Hospital of Saxony-Anhalt, Uchtspringe, Germany
| | - Bernhard Bogerts
- Salus Institut, Salus gGmbH, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Koutsouleris
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kolja Schiltz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Klein SD, Collins PF, Luciana M. Developmental trajectories of delay discounting from childhood to young adulthood: longitudinal associations and test-retest reliability. Cogn Psychol 2022; 139:101518. [PMID: 36183669 PMCID: PMC10888509 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2022.101518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Delay discounting (DD) indexes an individual's preference for smaller immediate rewards over larger delayed rewards, and is considered a form of cognitive impulsivity. Cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that DD peaks in adolescence; longitudinal studies are needed to validate this putative developmental trend, and to determine whether DD assesses a temporary state, or reflects a more stable behavioral trait. In this study, 140 individuals aged 9-23 completed a delay discounting (DD) task and cognitive battery at baseline and every-two years thereafter, yielding five assessments over approximately 10 years. Models fit with the inverse effect of age best approximated the longitudinal trajectory of two DD measures, hyperbolic discounting (log[k]) and area under the indifference-point curve (AUC). Discounting of future rewards increased rapidly from childhood to adolescence and appeared to plateau in late adolescence for both models of DD. Participants with greater verbal intelligence and working memory displayed reduced DD across the duration of the study, suggesting a functional interrelationship between these domains and DD from early adolescence to adulthood. Furthermore, AUC demonstrated good to excellent reliability across assessment points that was superior to log(k), with both measures demonstrating acceptable stability once participants reached late adolescence. The developmental trajectories of DD we observed from childhood through young adulthood suggest that DD may index cognitive control more than reward sensitivity, and that despite modest developmental changes with maturation, AUC may be conceptualized as a trait variable related to cognitive control vs impulsivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D Klein
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Paul F Collins
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Monica Luciana
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu X, Geiger M, Zhou C, Hildebrandt A. Individual differences in white matter microstructure of the face processing brain network are more differentiated from global fibers with increasing ability. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14075. [PMID: 35982145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17850-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Face processing—a crucial social ability—is known to be carried out in multiple dedicated brain regions which form a distinguishable network. Previous studies on face processing mainly targeted the functionality of face-selective grey matter regions. Thus, it is still partly unknown how white matter structures within the face network underpins abilities in this domain. Furthermore, how relevant abilities modulate the relationship between face-selective and global fibers remains to be discovered. Here, we aimed to fill these gaps by exploring linear and non-linear associations between microstructural properties of brain fibers (namely fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial and radial diffusivity) and face processing ability. Using structural equation modeling, we found significant linear associations between specific properties of fibers in the face network and face processing ability in a young adult sample (N = 1025) of the Human Connectome Project. Furthermore, individual differences in the microstructural properties of the face processing brain system tended toward stronger differentiation from global brain fibers with increasing ability. This is especially the case in the low or high ability range. Overall, our study provides novel evidence for ability-dependent specialization of brain structure in the face network, which promotes a comprehensive understanding of face selectivity.
Collapse
|
10
|
Raja R, Na X, Moore A, Otoo R, Glasier CM, Badger TM, Ou X. Associations Between White Matter Microstructures and Cognitive Functioning in 8-Year-Old Children: A Track-Weighted Imaging Study. J Child Neurol 2022; 37:471-490. [PMID: 35254148 PMCID: PMC9149064 DOI: 10.1177/08830738221083487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Quantitative tractography using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data is widely used in characterizing white matter microstructure throughout childhood, but more studies are still needed to investigate comprehensive brain-behavior relationships between tract-specific white matter measures and multiple cognitive functions in children. METHODS In this study, we analyzed diffusion-weighted MRI data of 71 healthy 8-year-old children utilizing white matter tract-specific quantitative measures derived from diffusion-weighted MRI tractography based on a novel track-weighted imaging approach. Track density imaging, average path length map and 4 track-weighted diffusion tensor imaging measures including: mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy, axial diffusivity, and radial diffusivity were computed for 63 white matter tracts. The track-weighted imaging measures were then correlated with a comprehensive set of neuropsychological test scores in different cognitive domains including intelligence, language, memory, academic skills, and executive functions to identify tract-specific brain-behavior relationships. RESULTS Significant correlations (P < .05, false discovery rate corrected; r = 0.27-0.57) were found in multiple white matter tracts, with a total of 40 correlations identified between various track-weighted imaging measures including average path length map, track-weighted imaging-fractional anisotropy, and neuropsychological test scores and subscales. Specifically, track-weighted imaging measures indicative of better white matter connectivity and/or microstructural development significantly correlated with higher IQ and better language abilities. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the ability of track-weighted imaging measures in establishing associations between white matter and cognitive functioning in healthy children and can serve as a reference for normal brain/cognition relationships in young school-age children and further aid in identifying imaging biomarkers predictive of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajikha Raja
- Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
| | - Xiaoxu Na
- Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
| | - Alexandra Moore
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
| | - Raymond Otoo
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
| | - Charles M. Glasier
- Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences,Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
| | - Thomas M. Badger
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences,Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center
| | - Xiawei Ou
- Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences,Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rahmani F, Wang Q, McKay NS, Keefe S, Hantler N, Hornbeck R, Wang Y, Hassenstab J, Schindler S, Xiong C, Morris JC, Benzinger TL, Raji CA. Sex-Specific Patterns of Body Mass Index Relationship with White Matter Connectivity. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:1831-1848. [PMID: 35180116 PMCID: PMC9108572 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is an increasingly recognized modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Increased body mass index (BMI) is related to distinct changes in white matter (WM) fiber density and connectivity. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether sex differentially affects the relationship between BMI and WM structural connectivity. METHODS A cross-sectional sample of 231 cognitively normal participants were enrolled from the Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center. Connectome analyses were done with diffusion data reconstructed using q-space diffeomorphic reconstruction to obtain the spin distribution function and tracts were selected using a deterministic fiber tracking algorithm. RESULTS We identified an inverse relationship between higher BMI and lower connectivity in the associational fibers of the temporal lobe in overweight and obese men. Normal to overweight women showed a significant positive association between BMI and connectivity in a wide array of WM fibers, an association that reversed in obese and morbidly obese women. Interaction analyses revealed that with increasing BMI, women showed higher WM connectivity in the bilateral frontoparietal and parahippocampal parts of the cingulum, while men showed lower connectivity in right sided corticostriatal and corticopontine tracts. Subgroup analyses demonstrated comparable results in participants with and without positron emission tomography or cerebrospinal fluid evidence of brain amyloidosis, indicating that the relationship between BMI and structural connectivity in men and women is independent of AD biomarker status. CONCLUSION BMI influences structural connectivity of WM differently in men and women across BMI categories and this relationship does not vary as a function of preclinical AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Rahmani
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Qing Wang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nicole S. McKay
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sarah Keefe
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nancy Hantler
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Russ Hornbeck
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jason Hassenstab
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Suzanne Schindler
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chengjie Xiong
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C. Morris
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Knight ADRC), Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tammie L.S. Benzinger
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Knight ADRC), Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cyrus A. Raji
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jones SA, Kazakova N, Nagel BJ. Lifetime Alcohol Use Influences the Association Between Future-Oriented Thought and White Matter Microstructure in Adolescents. Alcohol Alcohol 2021; 56:708-714. [PMID: 33517363 PMCID: PMC8557642 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Future orientation, or the ability to plan ahead and anticipate consequences, is a capacity that develops during adolescence, yet its underlying neurobiology is unknown. Previous independent reports suggest that reduced future orientation and altered white matter microstructure are associated with greater alcohol use in adolescents; however, these effects have not been studied in conjunction. This study investigated the association between future orientation and white matter microstructure as a function of lifetime alcohol use. METHODS Seventy-seven adolescents (46 female; 15-21 years of age) underwent diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and completed a fifteen-item Future Orientation Questionnaire. Regression analyses assessed the association between self-reported lifetime alcohol use and future orientation, and the association between future orientation and white matter microstructure, as a function of lifetime alcohol use. RESULTS Adolescents with more lifetime alcohol use demonstrated lower future orientation. Voxel-wise DWI analyses revealed two regions, bilateral posterior corona radiata (PCR), where greater future orientation was associated with lower mean diffusivity in those with little or no history of alcohol use; however, this association was diminished with increasing rates of lifetime alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS These findings replicate reports of reduced future orientation as a function of greater lifetime alcohol use and demonstrate an association between future orientation and white matter microstructure, in the PCR, a region containing afferent and efferent fibers connecting the cortex to the brain stem, which depends upon lifetime alcohol use. These findings provide novel information regarding the underlying neurobiology of future-oriented thought and how it relates to alcohol use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, MC: DC7P, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Natalia Kazakova
- School of Graduate Psychology, Pacific University, 2043 College Way, Forest Grove, OR 97116, USA
| | - Bonnie J Nagel
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, MC: DC7P, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, MC: DC7P, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Goddings AL, Roalf D, Lebel C, Tamnes CK. Development of white matter microstructure and executive functions during childhood and adolescence: a review of diffusion MRI studies. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 51:101008. [PMID: 34492631 PMCID: PMC8424510 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.101008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) provides indirect measures of white matter microstructure that can be used to make inferences about structural connectivity within the brain. Over the last decade, a growing literature of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have documented relationships between dMRI indices and cognitive development. In this review, we provide a brief overview of dMRI methods and how they can be used to study white matter and connectivity and review the extant literature examining the links between dMRI indices and executive functions during development. We explore the links between white matter microstructure and specific executive functions: inhibition, working memory and cognitive shifting, as well as performance on complex executive function tasks. Concordance in findings across studies are highlighted, and potential explanations for discrepancies between results, together with challenges with using dMRI in child and adolescent populations, are discussed. Finally, we explore future directions that are necessary to better understand the links between child and adolescent development of structural connectivity of the brain and executive functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Lise Goddings
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK.
| | - David Roalf
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Catherine Lebel
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christian K Tamnes
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Izadi-Najafabadi S, Zwicker JG. White Matter Changes With Rehabilitation in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:673003. [PMID: 34149383 PMCID: PMC8209514 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.673003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have difficulty learning motor skills, which can affect their participation in activities of daily living and psychosocial well-being. Over 50% of children with DCD also have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which further exacerbates their motor problems and impact on quality of life. A rehabilitation approach known as Cognitive Orientation to Occupational Performance uses problem-solving strategies to help children learn motor skills they wish to achieve. While this cognitive approach has been effective for children with DCD, few studies have examined the effectiveness of this approach for children with co-occurring ADHD. Further, the underlying mechanism and neural basis of this intervention are largely unknown. Methods: In this randomized waitlist-controlled trial, we used MRI to examine white matter microstructure after intervention in 8–12-year-old children with DCD (n = 28) and with DCD and co-occurring ADHD (n = 25). Children in both groups were randomized to either a treatment group or waitlist group at their first MRI. The treatment group began the intervention after their MRI scan and returned for a post-treatment scan at 3 months, and follow-up scan at 6 months; the waitlist group waited 3 months before their second MRI, received the intervention, and then had a post-treatment scan. Each child received intervention once weekly for 10 weeks. Diffusion tensor imaging was used to acquire white matter diffusion parameters and was analyzed using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). Results and Conclusion: Children with DCD showed significant improvement in white matter microstructure in the bilateral anterior thalamic radiation, bilateral sensorimotor tract, bilateral cingulum, fornix, splenium and body of corpus callosum, right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and white matter pathways to bilateral inferior gyri, right middle frontal gyrus, frontal medial cortex, and left cuneus. We suggest that these rehabilitation-induced neural changes in children with DCD occurred in regions associated with attention, self-regulation, motor planning, and inter-hemispheric communication, which positively affected brain connectivity and motor function. In contrast, children with DCD and co-occurring ADHD did not show any brain changes following the intervention. Modifications to the treatment protocol might help address the attentional and self-regulatory needs of children with a dual diagnosis. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02597751.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Izadi-Najafabadi
- Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jill G Zwicker
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Sunny Hill Health Centre at BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alfano V, Longarzo M, Aiello M, Soricelli A, Cavaliere C. Cerebral microstructural abnormalities in impulsivity: a magnetic resonance study. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:346-354. [PMID: 32128715 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Studies that investigated neurobiological parameters subtended to impulsivity trait found their relationship with structural and functional brain alterations. No studies investigated the white matter microstructural attributes of impulsivity in a large sample of healthy subjects. In the present study 1007 subjects from Human Connectome Project public dataset were divided in two groups, impulsive and not impulsive, basing on Delay Discounting task score. For both groups brain morphometric and microstructural characteristics were investigated. A t-test (correct for multiple comparisons) was performed for each brain parcel and impulsivity measure. Magnetic resonance diffusion images were pre-processed and selected to perform a voxelwise analysis on the fractional anisotropy (FA) maps between impulsive and not impulsive groups. Group analysis showed significant differences in morphometric brain data mainly for temporal and frontal lobes. The impulsive group presented higher FA values in four regions: bilateral medial lemniscus and midbrain reticular formation, right superior longitudinal fasciculus, left forceps major, right corticospinal tract. Not impulsive group showed higher FA values in two significant regions: right and left anterior thalamus radiation. Concluding, macroscopic and microstructural brain alterations were assessed, identifying new neuroanatomical substrates for multidimensional impulsivity construct in a large sample of healthy subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marco Aiello
- IRCCS SDN, Via Emanuele Gianturco, 113, Naples, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Park BY, Bethlehem RAI, Paquola C, Larivière S, Rodríguez-Cruces R, Vos de Wael R, Bullmore ET, Bernhardt BC. An expanding manifold in transmodal regions characterizes adolescent reconfiguration of structural connectome organization. eLife 2021; 10:e64694. [PMID: 33787489 PMCID: PMC8087442 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a critical time for the continued maturation of brain networks. Here, we assessed structural connectome development in a large longitudinal sample ranging from childhood to young adulthood. By projecting high-dimensional connectomes into compact manifold spaces, we identified a marked expansion of structural connectomes, with strongest effects in transmodal regions during adolescence. Findings reflected increased within-module connectivity together with increased segregation, indicating increasing differentiation of higher-order association networks from the rest of the brain. Projection of subcortico-cortical connectivity patterns into these manifolds showed parallel alterations in pathways centered on the caudate and thalamus. Connectome findings were contextualized via spatial transcriptome association analysis, highlighting genes enriched in cortex, thalamus, and striatum. Statistical learning of cortical and subcortical manifold features at baseline and their maturational change predicted measures of intelligence at follow-up. Our findings demonstrate that connectome manifold learning can bridge the conceptual and empirical gaps between macroscale network reconfigurations, microscale processes, and cognitive outcomes in adolescent development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-yong Park
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- Department of Data Science, Inha UniversityIncheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Richard AI Bethlehem
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Casey Paquola
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany
| | - Sara Larivière
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - Raul Rodríguez-Cruces
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - Reinder Vos de Wael
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - Edward T Bullmore
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Boris C Bernhardt
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Veiga Simão AM, Costa Ferreira P, Pereira N, Oliveira S, Paulino P, Rosa H, Ribeiro R, Coheur L, Carvalho JP, Trancoso I. Prosociality in Cyberspace: Developing Emotion and Behavioral Regulation to Decrease Aggressive Communication. Cognit Comput 2021; 13:736-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s12559-021-09852-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
18
|
Peng Z, Xu C, Ma N, Yang Q, Ren P, Wen R, Jin L, Chen J, Wei Z, Verguts T, Chen Q. White Matter Alterations of the Goal-Directed System in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Their Unaffected First-Degree Relatives. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2021; 6:992-1001. [PMID: 33674244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been postulated that the neurobiological mechanism responsible for the onset of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), especially compulsive behavior, is related to alterations of the goal-directed and habitual learning systems. However, little is known about whether changes in these learning systems co-occur with changes in the white matter structure of patients with OCD and their unaffected first-degree relatives (UFDRs). METHODS Diffusion tensor imaging data were acquired from 32 patients with OCD (21 male), 32 UFDRs (16 male), and 32 healthy control subjects (16 male). White matter tracts in the goal-directed and habitual networks were reconstructed with seed-based probabilistic tractography. Partial least squares path modeling was used to measure the covariation between white matter connectivity, psychiatric symptoms, and cognitive flexibility. RESULTS Patients with OCD showed reduced connectivity in the fiber tracts within the goal-directed but not within the habitual network compared with healthy control subjects. Using partial least squares path modeling, patients' symptoms were negatively associated with connectivity within the goal-directed but not within the habitual network. Cognitive flexibility was correlated negatively with caudate-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex tracts in patients with OCD. UFDRs also exhibited reduced white matter connectivity in the goal-directed network. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the balance of learning systems in OCD may be disrupted, mainly impairing white matter in the goal-directed network. Alterations of the goal-directed network could explain overt symptoms and impaired cognitive flexibility in patients with OCD. Similar alterations in the goal-directed network are present in UFDRs. The impaired goal-directed system may be an endophenotype of OCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Peng
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chuanyong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Ren
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongzhen Wen
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Jin
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jierong Chen
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tom Verguts
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Carbine KA, Duraccio KM, Hedges-Muncy A, Barnett KA, Kirwan CB, Jensen CD. White matter integrity disparities between normal-weight and overweight/obese adolescents: an automated fiber quantification tractography study. Brain Imaging Behav 2020; 14:308-319. [PMID: 30719618 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Obese adults have been shown to have poorer white brain matter integrity relative to normal-weight peers, but few studies have tested whether white matter integrity is compromised in overweight and obese adolescents. Also, it is unclear if age interacts with body mass to affect white matter integrity in adolescents. We used Automated Fiber Quantification, a tractography method, to compare fractional anisotropy between normal-weight and overweight/obese adolescents in the corpus callosum, corticospinal tract, cingulum, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus. Further, we tested whether any differences were moderated by age. Forty-seven normal-weight and forty overweight/obese adolescents were scanned using a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scan sequence. Overweight/obese compared to normal-weight adolescents had decreased white matter integrity in the superior frontal corpus callosum, left and right uncinate fasciculi, left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and left corticospinal tract, which may be related to heightened reward processing. Overweight/obese compared to normal-weight adolescents had increased white matter integrity in the orbital and anterior frontal corpus callosum, right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, left cingulum, and left corticospinal tract, which may be related to heightened attentional processing. As age increased, six tracts showed poorer white matter integrity as body mass index percentile (BMI%) increased, but three tracts showed greater white matter integrity as BMI% increased. Future research examining associations between white matter integrity and neural indices of food-related reward and attention are needed to clarify the functional significance of white matter integrity discrepancies between normal-weight and overweight/obese adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaylie A Carbine
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, 223 TLRB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Kara M Duraccio
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, 223 TLRB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Ariana Hedges-Muncy
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, 223 TLRB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Kimberly A Barnett
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, 223 TLRB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - C Brock Kirwan
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, 223 TLRB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Chad D Jensen
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, 223 TLRB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Onland-Moret NC, Buizer-Voskamp JE, Albers MEWA, Brouwer RM, Buimer EEL, Hessels RS, de Heus R, Huijding J, Junge CMM, Mandl RCW, Pas P, Vink M, van der Wal JJM, Hulshoff Pol HE, Kemner C. The YOUth study: Rationale, design, and study procedures. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2020; 46:100868. [PMID: 33075722 PMCID: PMC7575850 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes the rationale, design, and procedures of the YOUth cohort. YOUth is set up to investigate what drives the development of social competence and self-regulation in children. YOUth specifically investigates the role of neurocognitive development in child development. YOUth has a flexible longitudinal design with repeated measurements throughout childhood, starting prenatally.
Behavioral development in children shows large inter-individual variation, and is driven by the interplay between biological, psychological, and environmental processes. However, there is still little insight into how these processes interact. The YOUth cohort specifically focuses on two core characteristics of behavioral development: social competence and self-regulation. Social competence refers to the ability to engage in meaningful interactions with others, whereas self-regulation is the ability to control one’s emotions, behavior, and impulses, to balance between reactivity and control of the reaction, and to adjust to the prevailing environment. YOUth is an accelerated population-based longitudinal cohort study with repeated measurements, centering on two groups: YOUth Baby & Child and YOUth Child & Adolescent. YOUth Baby & Child aims to include 3,000 pregnant women, their partners and children, wheras YOUth Child & Adolescent aims to include 2,000 children aged between 8 and 10 years old and their parents. All participants will be followed for at least 6 years, and potentially longer. In this paper we describe in detail the design of this study, the population included, the determinants, intermediate neurocognitive measures and outcomes included in the study. Furthermore, we describe in detail the procedures of inclusion, informed consent, and study participation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Charlotte Onland-Moret
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Maria E W A Albers
- Division of Woman and Baby, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Division of Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Rachel M Brouwer
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth E L Buimer
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roy S Hessels
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roel de Heus
- Division of Woman and Baby, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Jorg Huijding
- Dept. Clinical Child and Family Studies, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht Univerity, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline M M Junge
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - René C W Mandl
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Pascal Pas
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Vink
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Hilleke E Hulshoff Pol
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Chantal Kemner
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Acheson A. Behavioral processes and risk for problem substance use in adolescents. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2020; 198:173021. [PMID: 32871140 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2020.173021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This narrative review examines associations of delay discounting, response inhibition, sensation-seeking, and urgency with adolescent problem substance use. Each of these processes is linked to adult substance use disorders, is associated with conditions linked to increased risk for adolescent problem substance use, and predicts problem substance use. Notably, all processes are linked to early life adversity (ELA) exposure and most appear to help explain links between ELA exposure and problem substance use. These findings are consistent with a growing body of literature indicating ELA interferes with the development of neural circuits crucial to cognitive functioning and emotion regulation. Further, developmental trajectories of these processes generally align with maturational imbalance hypotheses of adolescent risk. Ongoing and pending large longitudinal studies may be essential for better understanding how ELA and other influences shapes these processes and the role of these processes in risk for problem substance use in adolescence and beyond. Finally it is possible that risk-related processes may be useful metrics in the context of implementing and evaluating strategies to prevent problem substance use in adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Acheson
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Manuel AL, Roquet D, Landin-Romero R, Kumfor F, Ahmed RM, Hodges JR, Piguet O. Interactions between decision-making and emotion in behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2020; 15:681-694. [PMID: 32613246 PMCID: PMC7393308 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative and positive emotions are known to shape decision-making toward more or less impulsive responses, respectively. Decision-making and emotion processing are underpinned by shared brain regions including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and the amygdala. How these processes interact at the behavioral and brain levels is still unclear. We used a lesion model to address this question. Study participants included individuals diagnosed with behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD, n = 18), who typically present deficits in decision-making/emotion processing and atrophy of the vmPFC, individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD, n = 12) who present with atrophy in limbic structures and age-matched healthy controls (CTRL, n = 15). Prior to each choice on the delay discounting task participants were cued with a positive, negative or neutral picture and asked to vividly imagine witnessing the event. As hypothesized, our findings showed that bvFTD patients were more impulsive than AD patients and CTRL and did not show any emotion-related modulation of delay discounting rate. In contrast, AD patients showed increased impulsivity when primed by negative emotion. This increased impulsivity was associated with reduced integrity of bilateral amygdala in AD but not in bvFTD. Altogether, our results indicate that decision-making and emotion interact at the level of the amygdala supporting findings from animal studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie L Manuel
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Brain & Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition & its Disorders, Sydney, Australia.,Laboratory for Research in Neuroimaging LREN, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Roquet
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Brain & Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition & its Disorders, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ramon Landin-Romero
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Brain & Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition & its Disorders, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fiona Kumfor
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Brain & Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition & its Disorders, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rebekah M Ahmed
- Brain & Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition & its Disorders, Sydney, Australia.,Clinical Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - John R Hodges
- Brain & Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition & its Disorders, Sydney, Australia.,Clinical Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Olivier Piguet
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Brain & Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition & its Disorders, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Reyes S, Rimkus CDM, Lozoff B, Biswal BB, Peirano P, Algarin C. Assessing cognitive control and the reward system in overweight young adults using sensitivity to incentives and white matter integrity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233915. [PMID: 32484819 PMCID: PMC7266313 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive control and incentive sensitivity are related to overeating and obesity. Optimal white matter integrity is relevant for an efficient interaction among reward-related brain regions. However, its relationship with sensitivity to incentives remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the incentive sensitivity and its relationship to white matter integrity in normal-weight and overweight groups. Seventy-six young adults participated in this study: 31 were normal-weight (body mass index [BMI] 18.5 to < 25.0 kg/m2, 14 females) and 45 were overweight (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2, 22 females). Incentive sensitivity was assessed using an antisaccade task that evaluates the effect of incentives (neutral, reward, and loss avoidance) on cognitive control performance. Diffusion tensor imaging studies were performed to assess white matter integrity. The relationship between white matter microstructure and incentive sensitivity was investigated through tract-based spatial statistics. Behavioral antisaccade results showed that normal-weight participants presented higher accuracy (78.0 vs. 66.7%, p = 0.01) for loss avoidance incentive compared to overweight participants. Diffusion tensor imaging analysis revealed a positive relationship between fractional anisotropy and loss avoidance accuracy in the normal-weight group (p < 0.05). No relationship reached significance in the overweight group. These results support the hypothesis that white matter integrity is relevant for performance in an incentivized antisaccade task.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sussanne Reyes
- Laboratory of Sleep and Functional Neurobiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina de Medeiros Rimkus
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM-44), Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Betsy Lozoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Bharat B. Biswal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Patricio Peirano
- Laboratory of Sleep and Functional Neurobiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Algarin
- Laboratory of Sleep and Functional Neurobiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Farah R, Tzafrir H, Horowitz-kraus T. Association between diffusivity measures and language and cognitive-control abilities from early toddler’s age to childhood. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:1103-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02062-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
25
|
Cai H, Chen J, Liu S, Zhu J, Yu Y. Brain functional connectome-based prediction of individual decision impulsivity. Cortex 2020; 125:288-298. [PMID: 32113043 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extensive neuroimaging research has attempted to identify neural correlates and predictors of decision impulsivity. However, the nature and extent of decision impulsivity-brain association have varied substantially across studies, likely due to small sample sizes, limited image quality, different imaging measurement selections, and non-specific methodologies. The objective of this study was to develop a reliable predictive model of decision impulsivity-brain relationship in a large sample by applying connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM), a recently developed machine learning approach, to whole-brain functional connectivity data ("neural fingerprints"). For 809 healthy young participants from the Human Connectome Project, high-quality resting-state functional MRI data were utilized to construct brain functional connectome and delay discounting test was used to assess decision impulsivity. Then, CPM with leave-one-out cross-validation was conducted to predict individual decision impulsivity from whole-brain functional connectivity. We found that CPM successfully and reliably predicted the delay discounting scores in novel individuals. Moreover, different feature selection thresholds, parcellation strategies and cross-validation approaches did not significantly influence the prediction results. At the neural level, we observed that the decision impulsivity-associated functional networks included brain regions within default-mode, subcortical, somato-motor, dorsal attention, and visual systems, suggesting that decision impulsivity emerges from highly integrated connections involving multiple intrinsic networks. Our findings not only may expand existing knowledge regarding the neural mechanism of decision impulsivity, but also may present a workable route towards translation of brain imaging findings into real-world economic decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Cai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jingyao Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Leshem R, Paoletti P, Piervincenzi C, Carducci F, Mallio CA, Errante Y, Quattrocchi CC, Ben-Soussan TD. Inward versus reward: white matter pathways in extraversion. Personal Neurosci 2019; 2:e6. [PMID: 32435741 DOI: 10.1017/pen.2019.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The trait of extraversion is one of the longest-standing domains that captures the social dimension of personality and can potentially explain the covariation of a wide variety of behaviors. To date, there is a growing recognition that human behavior should be specified not only through the psychological mechanisms underlying each trait but also through their underlying neurobehavioral systems. While imaging studies have revealed important initial insights into the structural and functional neural correlates of extraversion, current knowledge about the relationships between extraversion and brain structures is still rather limited, especially with regard to the relationship between extraversion and white matter (WM). In this study, we aimed to investigate WM microstructure in extraversion in greater depth. Thirty-five healthy volunteers (21 women; mean age 35) underwent magnetic resonance imaging, as a part of a larger project aimed at investigating the longitudinal effect of motor training. WM integrity was assessed using the diffusion tensor imaging technique combining multiple diffusion tensor measures. Extraversion was assessed by the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised. Voxelwise correlation analyses between fractional anisotropy, axial diffusivities, and radial diffusivities maps and extraversion score showed decreased connectivity in the right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and forceps major among individuals who had high extraversion ratings. In conclusion, individual differences in extraversion may reflect differential organization of the WM tracts connecting frontal cortex, temporal, and occipital areas, which are related to socioemotional and control functions.
Collapse
|
27
|
Xu T, Chen Z, Feng T. The preference for future outcomes correlates with the temporal variability of functional connectivity among brain regions. Behav Brain Res 2019; 375:112111. [PMID: 31404558 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
People inevitably make decisions between short-term and long-term consequences across domains like education, health and economics. In this kind of decision, the tendency to discount the value of later-larger rewards with increasing delays is defined as delay discounting (DD). A recent review has suggested that three neural systems which respectively responsible for valuation, prospection and cognitive control (e.g., ventromedial prefrontal cortex [vmPFC], hippocampus, precuneus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [dlPFC]) could interact with each other flexibly to have impacts on DD. However, to date, there is little attention paid on the connection between the DD and the dynamic interaction of brain regions.To tackle this issue, we investigate the relationship between the DD and the time-varying connectivity among brain regions in two samples of young adults. Results in sample 1 found that the DD was negatively correlated with the temporal variability of functional connectivity [FC] between the vmPFC and precuneus, and between the vmPFC and the left superior frontal gyrus. And the temporal variabilities of FC between the ventral striatum and right dlPFC, and between the ventral striatum and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex were also negatively related to DD. Furthermore, the main results were well replicated and validated in another sample using different analysis parameters. Overall, our findings reveal that temporal fluctuation of FC within default mode and fronto-striatal circuits can favor for prospecting future, cognitive control and valuation of delayed incentives, and this flexible connectivity patterns generally have association with preference for future outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingyong Feng
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Epidemiological data suggest that risk taking in the real world increases from childhood into adolescence and declines into adulthood. However, developmental patterns of behaviour in laboratory assays of risk taking and impulsive choice are inconsistent. In this article, we review a growing literature using behavioural economic approaches to understand developmental changes in risk taking and impulsivity. We present findings that have begun to elucidate both the cognitive and neural processes that contribute to risky and impulsive choice, as well as how age-related changes in these neurocognitive processes give rise to shifts in choice behaviour. We highlight how variability in task parameters can be used to identify specific aspects of decision contexts that may differentially influence risky and impulsive choice behaviour across development. This article is part of the theme issue 'Risk taking and impulsive behaviour: fundamental discoveries, theoretical perspectives and clinical implications'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gail M. Rosenbaum
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Catherine A. Hartley
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
The National Institute of Mental Health launched the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative to better understand dimensions of behavior and identify targets for treatment. Examining dimensions across psychiatric illnesses has proven challenging, as reliable behavioral paradigms that are known to engage specific neural circuits and translate across diagnostic populations are scarce. Delay discounting paradigms seem to be an exception: they are useful for understanding links between neural systems and behavior in healthy individuals, with potential for assessing how these mechanisms go awry in psychiatric illnesses. This article reviews relevant literature on delay discounting (or the rate at which the value of a reward decreases as the delay to receipt increases) in humans, including methods for examining it, its putative neural mechanisms, and its application in psychiatric research. There exist rigorous and reproducible paradigms to evaluate delay discounting, standard methods for calculating discount rate, and known neural systems probed by these paradigms. Abnormalities in discounting have been associated with psychopathology ranging from addiction (with steep discount rates indicating relative preference for immediate rewards) to anorexia nervosa (with shallow discount rates indicating preference for future rewards). The latest research suggests that delay discounting can be manipulated in the laboratory. Extensively studied in cognitive neuroscience, delay discounting assesses a dimension of behavior that is important for decision-making and is linked to neural substrates and to psychopathology. The question now is whether manipulating delay discounting can yield clinically significant changes in behavior that promote health. If so, then delay discounting could deliver on the RDoC promise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina M Lempert
- Department of Psychology,University of Pennsylvania,Philadelphia, PA,USA
| | - Joanna E Steinglass
- Department of Psychiatry,Columbia University Medical Center,New York, NY,USA
| | - Anthony Pinto
- Department of Psychiatry,Columbia University Medical Center,New York, NY,USA
| | - Joseph W Kable
- Department of Psychology,University of Pennsylvania,Philadelphia, PA,USA
| | - Helen Blair Simpson
- Department of Psychiatry,Columbia University Medical Center,New York, NY,USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
He Q, Turel O, Bechara A. Association of excessive social media use with abnormal white matter integrity of the corpus callosum. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2018; 278:42-47. [PMID: 29981941 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Borrowing from findings regarding other problematic behaviors, we posit that excessive social media use (ESMU) can relate to impaired inter-hemispheric connections. These are often reflected in impaired white matter integrity (decreased fractional anisotropy and increased mean diffusivity) of the corpus callosum. We test this idea with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data from 20 normal social media users with varying degrees of ESMU. The findings of a Regions of Interest analysis focusing on the corpus callosum indicate that ESMU is associated with increased mean diffusivity in the body and splenium sub-regions of the corpus callosum. Whole-brain Tract Based Spatial Statistics analysis revealed that ESMU is positively associated with mean diffusivity of left superior and inferior longitudinal fasciculi as well as left forceps minor; and that ESMU is positively associated with the fractional anisotropy of the right Corticospinal Tract. It is concluded that inter-hemispheric white matter deficits in the corpus callosum extended to forceps minor, as well as along the ventral semantic path can be associated with ESMU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua He
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Ofir Turel
- Information Systems and Decision Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, 800 N. State College Blvd., SGMH-4160, Fullertom, CA 92831, USA; Decision Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
| | - Antoine Bechara
- Decision Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jones SA, Morales AM, Nagel BJ. Resilience to Risk for Psychopathology: The Role of White Matter Microstructural Development in Adolescence. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2018; 4:180-189. [PMID: 30322710 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One major risk factor for the development of psychopathology is a family history of psychopathology (FHP). Cross-sectional studies have shown that FHP is associated with alterations in white matter microstructure in adolescents without current psychopathology; however, whether these associations persist throughout adolescence, particularly in those who remain resilient to developing psychopathology, is unclear. METHODS Sixty-six adolescents underwent diffusion-weighted imaging at baseline (12-16 years of age) and at one or two follow-up visits (142 total scans). Adolescents' parents completed a modified Family History Assessment Module to calculate FHP density (FHPD) based on familial alcohol use, substance use, and major depressive, generalized anxiety, substance-induced mood, and antisocial personality disorders. The relationship between FHPD and white matter microstructural development was examined using multilevel modeling. RESULTS FHPD was associated with significant alterations in white matter microstructure at baseline; in the bilateral superior corona radiata and left superior longitudinal fasciculus, these effects were transient (FHPD was associated with altered white matter microstructure only in early adolescence), while effects in the posterior limb of the internal capsule were persistent. Associations between FHPD and white matter microstructure in the body of the corpus callosum emerged later in adolescence. CONCLUSIONS This prospective, longitudinal study provides novel information indicating that the association between FHP and white matter microstructure previously observed in adolescents is transient in most regions but may persist into late adolescence in other regions, despite current resilience to developing psychopathology. Future studies are necessary to determine if these persistent alterations are associated with onset of psychopathology later in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Jones
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Angelica M Morales
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Bonnie J Nagel
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yip SW, Potenza MN. Application of Research Domain Criteria to childhood and adolescent impulsive and addictive disorders: Implications for treatment. Clin Psychol Rev 2018; 64:41-56. [PMID: 27876165 PMCID: PMC5423866 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative provides a large-scale, dimensional framework for the integration of research findings across traditional diagnoses, with the long-term aim of improving existing psychiatric treatments. A neurodevelopmental perspective is essential to this endeavor. However, few papers synthesizing research findings across childhood and adolescent disorders exist. Here, we discuss how the RDoC framework may be applied to the study of childhood and adolescent impulsive and addictive disorders in order to improve neurodevelopmental understanding and to enhance treatment development. Given the large scope of RDoC, we focus on a single construct highly relevant to addictive and impulsive disorders - initial responsiveness to reward attainment. Findings from genetic, molecular, neuroimaging and other translational research methodologies are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah W Yip
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Luciana M, Bjork JM, Nagel BJ, Barch DM, Gonzalez R, Nixon SJ, Banich MT. Adolescent neurocognitive development and impacts of substance use: Overview of the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD) baseline neurocognition battery. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2018; 32:67-79. [PMID: 29525452 PMCID: PMC6039970 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is characterized by numerous social, hormonal and physical changes, as well as a marked increase in risk-taking behaviors. Dual systems models attribute adolescent risk-taking to tensions between developing capacities for cognitive control and motivational strivings, which may peak at this time. A comprehensive understanding of neurocognitive development during the adolescent period is necessary to permit the distinction between premorbid vulnerabilities and consequences of behaviors such as substance use. Thus, the prospective assessment of cognitive development is fundamental to the aims of the newly launched Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Consortium. This paper details the rationale for ABC'lected measures of neurocognition, presents preliminary descriptive data on an initial sample of 2299 participants, and provides a context for how this large-scale project can inform our understanding of adolescent neurodevelopment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Luciana
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
| | - J M Bjork
- Virginia Commonwealth University, United States.
| | - B J Nagel
- Oregon Health Sciences University, United States.
| | - D M Barch
- Washington University, St. Louis, United States.
| | - R Gonzalez
- Florida International University, United States.
| | - S J Nixon
- University of Florida, United States.
| | - M T Banich
- University of Colorado, Boulder, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Anandakumar J, Mills KL, Earl EA, Irwin L, Miranda-Dominguez O, Demeter DV, Walton-Weston A, Karalunas S, Nigg J, Fair DA. Individual differences in functional brain connectivity predict temporal discounting preference in the transition to adolescence. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2018; 34:101-113. [PMID: 30121543 PMCID: PMC6969312 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The transition from childhood to adolescence is marked by distinct changes in behavior, including how one values waiting for a large reward compared to receiving an immediate, yet smaller, reward. While previous research has emphasized the relationship between this preference and age, it is also proposed that this behavior is related to circuitry between valuation and cognitive control systems. In this study, we examined how age and intrinsic functional connectivity strength within and between these neural systems relate to changes in discounting behavior across the transition into adolescence. We used mixed-effects modeling and linear regression to assess the contributions of age and connectivity strength in predicting discounting behavior. First, we identified relevant connections in a longitudinal sample of 64 individuals who completed MRI scans and behavioral assessments 2-3 times across ages 7-15 years (137 scans). We then repeated the analysis in a separate, cross-sectional, sample of 84 individuals (7-13 years). Both samples showed an age-related increase in preference for waiting for larger rewards. Connectivity strength within and between valuation and cognitive control systems accounted for further variance not explained by age. These results suggest that individual differences in functionalbrain organization can account for behavioral changes typically associated with age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeya Anandakumar
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Kathryn L Mills
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, United States.
| | - Eric A Earl
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Lourdes Irwin
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Oscar Miranda-Dominguez
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Damion V Demeter
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Alexandra Walton-Weston
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Sarah Karalunas
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Joel Nigg
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Damien A Fair
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Han SD, Arfanakis K, Fleischman DA, Yu L, Bennett DA, Boyle PA. White matter correlates of temporal discounting in older adults. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:3653-63. [PMID: 29992469 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Temporal discounting, the tendency to select a smaller reward offered sooner over a larger reward offered at a later time, has been associated with a number of real-world decision-making outcomes important for health and wellbeing. Neurobiological mechanisms supporting temporal discounting have been explored among younger participants, and these have considered white matter integrity. However, the white matter correlates of temporal discounting in older adults are unclear. We hypothesized that greater temporal discounting would be associated with poorer white matter integrity measures, more specifically lower fractional anisotropy and higher trace, in older adults. Participants were 302 older persons without dementia (mean age = 81.38, mean years of education = 15.75, 75.5% female, mean MMSE = 28.29) from the Rush Memory and Aging Project, a community-based longitudinal study of aging. Temporal discounting was assessed using standard elicitation questions. White matter integrity was assessed with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Regression models were adjusted for the effects of age, sex, education, and white matter lesions. Secondary models further adjusted for global cognition. Results revealed significant associations between temporal discounting and white matter integrity measures (FA and trace) in bilateral frontal, frontostriatal, and temporal-parietal lobe white matter tracts, and results remained significant after further accounting for global cognition. These results suggest that temporal discounting is inversely associated with white matter integrity in old age and that this association is independent of global cognition.
Collapse
|
36
|
Reggente N, Cohen MS, Zheng ZS, Castel AD, Knowlton BJ, Rissman J. Memory Recall for High Reward Value Items Correlates With Individual Differences in White Matter Pathways Associated With Reward Processing and Fronto-Temporal Communication. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:241. [PMID: 29973873 PMCID: PMC6020774 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
When given a long list of items to remember, people typically prioritize the memorization of the most valuable items. Prior neuroimaging studies have found that cues denoting the presence of high value items can lead to increased activation of the mesolimbic dopaminergic reward circuit, including the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and ventral tegmental area (VTA), which in turn results in up-regulation of medial temporal lobe encoding processes and better memory for the high value items. Value cues may also trigger the use of elaborative semantic encoding strategies which depend on interactions between frontal and temporal lobe structures. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine whether individual differences in anatomical connectivity within these circuits are associated with value-induced modulation of memory. DTI data were collected from 19 adults who also participated in an functional magnetic resonanceimaging (fMRI) study involving a value-directed memory task. In this task, subjects encoded words with arbitrarily assigned point values and completed free recall tests after each list, showing improved recall performance for high value items. Motivated by our prior fMRI finding of increased recruitment of left-lateralized semantic network regions during the encoding of high value words (Cohen et al., 2014), we predicted that the robustness of the white matter pathways connecting the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) with the temporal lobe might be a determinant of recall performance for high value items. We found that the mean fractional anisotropy (FA) of each subject’s left uncinate fasciculus (UF), a fronto-temporal fiber bundle thought to play a critical role in semantic processing, correlated with the mean number of high value, but not low value, words that subjects recalled. Given prior findings on reward-induced modulation of memory, we also used probabilistic tractography to examine the white matter pathway that links the NAcc to the VTA. We found that the number of fibers projecting from left NAcc to VTA was reliably correlated with subjects’ selectivity index, a behavioral measure reflecting the degree to which recall performance was impacted by item value. Together, these findings help to elucidate the neuroanatomical pathways that support verbal memory encoding and its modulation by value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicco Reggente
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Michael S Cohen
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Zhong S Zheng
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Alan D Castel
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Barbara J Knowlton
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jesse Rissman
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Pehlivanova M, Wolf DH, Sotiras A, Kaczkurkin AN, Moore TM, Ciric R, Cook PA, Garcia de La Garza A, Rosen AFG, Ruparel K, Sharma A, Shinohara RT, Roalf DR, Gur RC, Davatzikos C, Gur RE, Kable JW, Satterthwaite TD. Diminished Cortical Thickness Is Associated with Impulsive Choice in Adolescence. J Neurosci 2018; 38:2471-81. [PMID: 29440536 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2200-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is characterized by both maturation of brain structure and increased risk of negative outcomes from behaviors associated with impulsive decision-making. One important index of impulsive choice is delay discounting (DD), which measures the tendency to prefer smaller rewards available soon over larger rewards delivered after a delay. However, it remains largely unknown how individual differences in structural brain development may be associated with impulsive choice during adolescence. Leveraging a unique large sample of 427 human youths (208 males and 219 females) imaged as part of the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort, we examined associations between delay discounting and cortical thickness within structural covariance networks. These structural networks were derived using non-negative matrix factorization, an advanced multivariate technique for dimensionality reduction, and analyzed using generalized additive models with penalized splines to capture both linear and nonlinear developmental effects. We found that impulsive choice, as measured by greater discounting, was most strongly associated with diminished cortical thickness in structural brain networks that encompassed the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, temporal pole, and temporoparietal junction. Furthermore, structural brain networks predicted DD above and beyond cognitive performance. Together, these results suggest that reduced cortical thickness in regions known to be involved in value-based decision-making is a marker of impulsive choice during the critical period of adolescence.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Risky behaviors during adolescence, such as initiation of substance use or reckless driving, are a major source of morbidity and mortality. In this study, we present evidence from a large sample of youths that diminished cortical thickness in specific structural brain networks is associated with impulsive choice. Notably, the strongest association between impulsive choice and brain structure was seen in regions implicated in value-based decision-making; namely, the ventromedial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices. Moving forward, such neuroanatomical markers of impulsivity may aid in the development of personalized interventions targeted to reduce risk of negative outcomes resulting from impulsivity during adolescence.
Collapse
|
38
|
Ho BC, Barry AB, Koeppel JA. Impulsivity in unaffected adolescent biological relatives of schizophrenia patients. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 97:47-53. [PMID: 29175297 PMCID: PMC5742548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although schizophrenia is not a prototypic impulse-control disorder, patients report more impulsive behaviors, have higher rates of substance use, and show dysfunction in brain circuits that underlie impulsivity. We investigate impulsivity in unaffected biological relatives of schizophrenia patients to further understand the relationships between schizophrenia risk and impulse control during adolescence. METHOD Group differences in impulsivity (UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale and delay discounting) were tested in 210 adolescents contrasting 39 first- and 53 second-degree biological relatives of schizophrenia patients, and 118 subjects with no schizophrenia family history (NSFH). RESULTS Compared to NSFH adolescents and to second-degree relatives, first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients had increased impulsivity-related behaviors (higher UPPS-P Perseverance, Positive Urgency and Premeditation subscale scores) and greater preference for immediate rewards (smaller AUC and larger discounting constant). Second-degree relatives did not differ significantly from NSFH adolescents on self-report impulsive behaviors or on measures of impulsive decision-making. These group differences remained even after careful consideration of potential confounding factors. CONCLUSION Impulsivity is associated with schizophrenia risk, and its severity increases with greater familial relatedness to the schizophrenia proband. Additional studies are needed to understand the role impulsivity may play in mediating schizophrenia susceptibility during adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beng-Choon Ho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Amy B Barry
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Julie A Koeppel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chen Z, Guo Y, Suo T, Feng T. Coupling and segregation of large-scale brain networks predict individual differences in delay discounting. Biol Psychol 2018; 133:63-71. [PMID: 29382543 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Decision-making about rewards, which requires us to choose between different time points, generally refers to intertemporal choice. Converging evidence suggests that some of the brain networks recruited in the delay discounting task have been well characterized for intertemporal choice. However, little is known about how the connectivity patterns of these large-scale brain networks are associated with delay discounting. Here, we use a resting-state functional connectivity MRI (rs-fcMRI) and a graph theoretical analysis to address this question. We found that the delay discounting rates showed a positive correlation with the functional network connectivity (FNC) between the cingulo-opercular network (CON) and the default mode network (DMN), while they showed a negative correlation with the FNC of both the CON-SAN (salience network) and the SAN-FPN (fronto-parietal network). Our results showed the association of both coupling and segregating processes with large-scale brain networks in delay discounting. Thus, the present study highlights the pivotal role of the functional connectivity patterns of intrinsic large-scale brain networks in delay discounting and extends our perspective on the neural mechanism of delay discounting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiqun Guo
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Suo
- Institute of Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Tingyong Feng
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lindner P, Flodin P, Larm P, Budhiraja M, Savic-Berglund I, Jokinen J, Tiihonen J, Hodgins S. Amygdala-orbitofrontal structural and functional connectivity in females with anxiety disorders, with and without a history of conduct disorder. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1101. [PMID: 29348532 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19569-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Conduct disorder (CD) and anxiety disorders (ADs) are often comorbid and both are characterized by hyper-sensitivity to threat, and reduced structural and functional connectivity between the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Previous studies of CD have not taken account of ADs nor directly compared connectivity in the two disorders. We examined three groups of young women: 23 presenting CD and lifetime AD; 30 presenting lifetime AD and not CD; and 17 with neither disorder (ND). Participants completed clinical assessments and diffusion-weighted and resting-state functional MRI scans. The uncinate fasciculus was reconstructed using tractography and manual dissection, and structural measures extracted. Correlations of resting-state activity between amygdala and OFC seeds were computed. The CD + AD and AD groups showed similarly reduced structural integrity of the left uncinate compared to ND, even after adjusting for IQ, psychiatric comorbidity, and childhood maltreatment. Uncinate integrity was associated with harm avoidance traits among AD-only women, and with the interaction of poor anger control and anxiety symptoms among CD + AD women. Groups did not differ in functional connectivity. Reduced uncinate integrity observed in CD + AD and AD-only women may reflect deficient emotion regulation in response to threat, common to both disorders, while other neural mechanisms determine the behavioral response.
Collapse
|
41
|
Sato Y, Sugimoto Y, Ueda K. Real Objects Can Impede Conditional Reasoning but Augmented Objects Do Not. Cogn Sci 2017; 42:691-707. [PMID: 29052255 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Knauff and Johnson-Laird's (2002) visual impedance hypothesis (i.e., mental representations with irrelevant visual detail can impede reasoning) is applied to the domain of external representations and diagrammatic reasoning. We show that the use of real objects and augmented real (AR) objects can control human interpretation and reasoning about conditionals. As participants made inferences (e.g., an invalid one from "if P then Q" to "P"), they also moved objects corresponding to premises. Participants who moved real objects made more invalid inferences than those who moved AR objects and those who did not manipulate objects (there was no significant difference between the last two groups). Our results showed that real objects impeded conditional reasoning, but AR objects did not. These findings are explained by the fact that real objects may over-specify a single state that exists, while AR objects suggest multiple possibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Sato
- Department of General Systems Studies, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Yutaro Sugimoto
- Global Centre for Advanced Research on Logic and Sensibility, Keio University
| | - Kazuhiro Ueda
- Department of General Systems Studies, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mackey S, Chaarani B, Kan KJ, Spechler PA, Orr C, Banaschewski T, Barker G, Bokde ALW, Bromberg U, Büchel C, Cattrell A, Conrod PJ, Desrivières S, Flor H, Frouin V, Gallinat J, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Paillère Martinot ML, Artiges E, Nees F, Papadopoulos-Orfanos D, Poustka L, Smolka MN, Jurk S, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Althoff RR, Garavan H. Brain Regions Related to Impulsivity Mediate the Effects of Early Adversity on Antisocial Behavior. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 82:275-282. [PMID: 26971049 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individual differences in impulsivity and early adversity are known to be strong predictors of adolescent antisocial behavior. However, the neurobiological bases of impulsivity and their relation to antisocial behavior and adversity are poorly understood. METHODS Impulsivity was estimated with a temporal discounting task. Voxel-based morphometry was used to determine the brain structural correlates of temporal discounting in a large cohort (n = 1830) of 14- to 15-year-old children. Mediation analysis was then used to determine whether the volumes of brain regions associated with temporal discounting mediate the relation between adverse life events (e.g., family conflict, serious accidents) and antisocial behaviors (e.g., precocious sexual activity, bullying, illicit substance use). RESULTS Greater temporal discounting (more impulsivity) was associated with 1) lower volume in frontomedial cortex and bilateral insula and 2) greater volume in a subcortical region encompassing the ventral striatum, hypothalamus and anterior thalamus. The volume ratio between these cortical and subcortical regions was found to partially mediate the relation between adverse life events and antisocial behavior. CONCLUSIONS Temporal discounting is related to regions of the brain involved in reward processing and interoception. The results support a developmental imbalance model of impulsivity and are consistent with the idea that negative environmental factors can alter the developing brain in ways that promote antisocial behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Mackey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.
| | - Bader Chaarani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Kees-Jan Kan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont; Department of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Philip A Spechler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Catherine Orr
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gareth Barker
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neurosciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Uli Bromberg
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Büchel
- Medical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Cattrell
- Department of Psychiatry, Universite de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Patricia J Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, Universite de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychological Medicine and Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Medical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Vincent Frouin
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Neurospin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, CEA-Saclay Center, Paris, France
| | - Jürgen Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unit 1000 Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, University Paris Sud, University Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris; AP-HP, Department of Adolescent Psychopathology and Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unit 1000 Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, University Paris Sud, University Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Orsay, France; Psychiatry Department, Orsay Hospital, Orsay, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dimitri Papadopoulos-Orfanos
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Neurospin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, CEA-Saclay Center, Paris, France
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sarah Jurk
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- Department of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Medical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert R Althoff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Du X, Liu L, Yang Y, Qi X, Gao P, Zhang Y, Zhu J, Du G, Dai S, Li X, Zhang Q. Diffusion tensor imaging of the structural integrity of white matter correlates with impulsivity in adolescents with internet gaming disorder. Brain Behav 2017; 7:e00753. [PMID: 28828214 PMCID: PMC5561314 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is usually defined as the inability of an individual to control internet gaming resulting in serious negative consequences, and trait impulsivity has been viewed as a hallmark feature of IGD. Recent studies have suggested that the structural integrity of the white matter (WM) plays an important role in the neuromediation of an individual's impulsivity. However, no study has examined the association between WM integrity and impulsivity in IGD adolescents. METHODS In this study, 33 adolescents with IGD and 32 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited, and the intergroup differences in the relationships between impulsivity and fractional anisotropy (FA) values across the whole brain WM were investigated using voxel-wise correlation analyses. RESULTS Our results revealed significant intergroup differences in the correlations between impulsivity and the FA values of the right corticospinal tract (CST) and the right occipital WM. Region of interest-based tests revealed that the FA values of these clusters were positive or insignificantly correlated with impulsivity in the IGD adolescents contrasted to the significantly negative correlation in the HCs. CONCLUSIONS This altered correlations in the IGD adolescents might reflect potential WM microstructural changes which may be associated with the greater impulsivity of IGD adolescents and provide possible therapeutic targets for interventions in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Du
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin China
| | - Yongxin Yang
- Department of Psychology Linyi Fourth People's Hospital Linyi Shandong China
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin China
| | - Peihong Gao
- Department of Radiology Linyi People's Hospital Linyi Shandong China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin China
| | - Jiyu Zhu
- Department of Radiology Linyi People's Hospital Linyi Shandong China
| | - Guijin Du
- Department of Radiology Linyi People's Hospital Linyi Shandong China
| | - Shouping Dai
- Department of Radiology Linyi People's Hospital Linyi Shandong China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Radiology Linyi People's Hospital Linyi Shandong China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Gan J, Zhong M, Fan J, Liu W, Niu C, Cai S, Zou L, Wang Y, Wang Y, Tan C, Chan RC, Zhu X. Abnormal white matter structural connectivity in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1062. [PMID: 28291264 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a complex and severe psychiatric disorder whose pathogenesis is not fully understood. Recent studies have shown white matter (WM) alterations in adults with OCD, but the results have been inconsistent. The present study investigated WM structure in OCD patients with the hypothesis that large-scale brain networks may be disrupted in OCD. A total of 24 patients with OCD and 23 healthy controls (HCs) were scanned with diffusion tensor imaging. A tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) approach was used to detect differences across the whole brain in patients with OCD vs HCs; post hoc fiber tractography was applied to characterize developmental differences between the two groups. Relative to HCs, patients with OCD had lower fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the corpus callosum (CC), left anterior corona radiata (ACR), left superior corona radiata (SCR) and left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and higher radial diffusivity in the genu and body of CC. Among the TBSS de-projected region of interest results, compared with HCs, patients with OCD showed lower of the mean FA values of fiber bundles passing though the SLF, and shorter lengths of ACR, SCR and CC. In conclusion, this study provides novel evidence of widespread microstructural alterations in OCD and suggests that OCD may involve abnormalities affecting a broader network of regions than commonly believed.
Collapse
|
45
|
Yip SW, Morie KP, Xu J, Constable RT, Malison RT, Carroll KM, Potenza MN. Shared microstructural features of behavioral and substance addictions revealed in areas of crossing fibers. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2017; 2:188-95. [PMID: 28367515 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Similarities between behavioral and substance addictions exist. However, direct neurobiological comparison between addictive disorders is rare. Determination of disorder-specificity (or lack thereof) of alterations within white-matter microstructures will advance understanding of the pathophysiology of addictions. METHODS We compared white-matter microstructural features between individuals with gambling disorder (GD; n=38), cocaine-use disorder (CUD; n=38) and healthy comparison (HC; n=38) participants, as assessed using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI). To provide a more precise estimate of diffusion within regions of complex architecture (e.g., cortico-limbic tracts), analyses were conducted using a crossing-fiber model incorporating local-orientation modeling (tbss_x). Anisotropy estimates for primary and secondary fiber orientations were compared using ANOVAs corrected for multiple comparisons across space using threshold-free cluster enhancement (pFWE<.05). RESULTS A main effect of group on anisotropy of secondary fiber orientations within the left internal capsule, corona radiata, forceps major and posterior thalamic radiation, involving reduced anisotropy among GD and CUD participants in comparison to HC participants. No differences in anisotropy measures were found between GD and CUD individuals. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to compare diffusion indices directly between behavioral and substance addictions and the largest dMRI study of GD. Our findings indicate similar white-matter microstructural alterations across addictions that cannot be attributed solely to exposure to drugs or alcohol and thus may be a vulnerability mechanism for addictive disorders.
Collapse
|
46
|
Huang Y, Hu P, Li X. Undervaluing delayed rewards explains adolescents' impulsivity in inter-temporal choice: an ERP study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42631. [PMID: 28198452 PMCID: PMC5309823 DOI: 10.1038/srep42631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence has frequently been characterized as a period of choice impulsivity relative to adulthood. According to the control-integrated valuation model of inter-temporal choice, this choice impulsivity may be driven partly by an age-related difference in reward processing. We hypothesized that, compared to adults, adolescents would undervalue delayed rewards during reward processing and would thus be more impulsive in inter-temporal choice. To test this hypothesis at the behavioural and neural levels, we first measured the choice impulsivity of 18 adolescents and 19 adults using a delay discounting task (DDT). Then, we recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) from the participants while they were performing the valuation task, in which monetary gains and losses were either immediate or delayed. The behavioural results showed that adolescents were more impulsive than adults in the DDT. The ERP results showed that, whilst both groups valued immediate rewards, implied by a similarly strong feedback-related negativity (FRN) effect associated with immediate outcomes, adolescents devalued delayed rewards more than adults did, as they produced a significantly smaller FRN effect associated with delayed outcomes. As predicted, the mediation analysis revealed that the adolescents' lower FRN effect of delayed outcomes underpinned their stronger impulsive decision making in the DDT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Huang
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xueting Li
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gan J, Yi J, Zhong M, Cao X, Jin X, Liu W, Zhu X. Abnormal white matter structural connectivity in treatment-naïve young adults with borderline personality disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2016; 134:494-503. [PMID: 27611589 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathogenesis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) is not well understood. We examined the microstructure of white matter in patients with BPD. METHOD Treatment-naïve young adult with BPD (N = 30) and young-adult healthy controls (HCs; N = 31) were subjected diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Microstructural parameters were analyzed via tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) and post hoc tractography. RESULTS TBSS analysis revealed that, relative to the HC group, the BPD group had significantly lower fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the genu and body of the corpus callosum (CC), right superior corona radiate, right anterior corona radiate, as well as higher radial diffusivity (RD) in the left anterior thalamic radiation. Tractography showed that FA values of fiber bundles passing through the fornix were significantly reduced in BPD group relative to HCs. No significant correlations were observed between clinical symptom and DTI indices in BPD group (FDR corrected). CONCLUSION Focal microstructural alterations were found in BPD group, mainly in the limbic system and CC. The present findings support the fronto-limbic disconnectivity hypothesis and suggest that abnormal maturation of white matter structures may play an important role in mechanism of BPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Gan
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - J Yi
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - M Zhong
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X Cao
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - X Jin
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - W Liu
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - X Zhu
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kennedy JT, Collins PF, Luciana M. Higher Adolescent Body Mass Index Is Associated with Lower Regional Gray and White Matter Volumes and Lower Levels of Positive Emotionality. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:413. [PMID: 27660604 PMCID: PMC5015489 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescent obesity is associated with an increased chance of developing serious health risks later in life. Identifying the neurobiological and personality factors related to increases in adiposity is important to understanding what drives maladaptive consummatory and exercise behaviors that result in obesity. Previous research has largely focused on adults with few findings published on interactions among adiposity, brain structure, and personality. In this study, Voxel Based Morphometry (VBM) was used to identify associations between gray and white matter volumes and increasing adiposity, as measured by Body Mass Index percentile (BMI%), in 137 adolescents (age range: 9–20 years, BMI% range: 5.16–99.56). Variations in gray and white matter volume and BMI% were then linked to individual differences in personality measures from the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ). After controlling for age and other covariates, BMI% correlated negatively with gray matter volume in the bilateral caudate (right: partial r = −0.338, left: r = −0.404), medial prefrontal cortex (partial r = −0.339), anterior cingulate (partial r = −0.312), bilateral frontal pole (right: partial r = −0.368, left: r = −0.316), and uncus (partial r = −0.475) as well as white matter volume bilaterally in the anterior limb of the internal capsule (right: partial r = −0.34, left: r = −0.386), extending to the left middle frontal subgyral white matter. Agentic Positive Emotionality (PEM-AG) was correlated negatively with BMI% (partial r = −0.384). PEM-AG was correlated positively with gray matter volume in the right uncus (partial r = 0.329). These results suggest that higher levels of adiposity in adolescents are associated with lower trait levels in reward-related personality domains, as well as structural variations in brain regions associated with reward processing, control, and sensory integration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James T Kennedy
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul F Collins
- Department of Psychology, University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MN, USA; Center for Neurobehavioral Development, University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Monica Luciana
- Department of Psychology, University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MN, USA; Center for Neurobehavioral Development, University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Achterberg M, Peper JS, van Duijvenvoorde AC, Mandl RC, Crone EA. Frontostriatal White Matter Integrity Predicts Development of Delay of Gratification: A Longitudinal Study. J Neurosci 2016; 36:1954-61. [PMID: 26865618 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3459-15.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The ability to delay gratification increases considerably across development. Here, we test the hypothesis that this impulse control capacity is driven by increased maturation of frontostriatal circuitry using a fiber-tracking approach combined with longitudinal imaging. In total, 192 healthy volunteers between 8 and 26 years underwent diffusion tensor imaging scanning and completed a delay-discounting task twice, separated by a 2-year interval. We investigated dynamic associations between frontostriatal white matter (WM) integrity and delay of gratification skills. Moreover, we examined the predictive value of frontostriatal WM integrity for future delay of gratification skills. Results showed that delay discounting increases with age in a quadratic fashion, with greatest patience during late adolescence. Data also indicated nonlinear development of frontostriatal WM, with relative fast development during childhood and early adulthood and--on average--little change during mid-adolescence. Furthermore, the positive association between age and delay discounting was further increased in individuals with higher WM integrity of the frontostriatal tracts. Predictive analysis showed that frontostriatal WM development explained unique variance in current and future delay of gratification skills. This study adds to a descriptive relation between WM integrity and delay of gratification by showing that maturation of frontostriatal connectivity predicts changes in delay of gratification skills. These findings have implications for studies examining deviances in impulse control by showing that the developmental path between striatum and prefrontal cortex may be an important predictor for when development goes astray. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT During the transition from childhood to adulthood, individuals generally show increased patience and become better in delaying gratification. The exact neural correlates of delay of gratification, however, remain poorly understood. By measuring both frontostriatal white matter (WM) integrity and delay of gratification skills at two time points, we were able to provide links for our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying this type of impulse regulation capacity. We demonstrate that the ability to delay gratification improves between childhood and young adulthood and this improvement is predicted by the integrity of frontostriatal WM connections. This study adds to a descriptive relation between WM quality and delay of gratification by showing that maturation of frontostriatal connectivity predicts improvements in delay of gratification skills.
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
The adolescent brain undergoes extensive structural white matter (WM) changes. Adolescence is also a critical time period during which cognitive, emotional and social maturation occurs in transition into adulthood. Compared to adults, adolescents are generally more impulsive with increased risk-taking behaviors. The goal of this study is to examine whether adolescent impulsivity may be related to cerebral WM maturation. In 89 healthy adolescents, we assessed impulsivity using the delay discounting task, and MRI WM volumes in brain regions previously implicated in delay discounting behaviors. We found that smaller delay discounting AUC (area under the curve) was associated with larger WM volumes in orbitofrontal, dorsolateral and medial prefrontal cortices (PFC) and motor cortex. There were no significant effects of AUC on WM volumes within somatosensory brain regions. In our sample, younger age was significantly associated with greater WM volumes in orbitofrontal and dorsolateral PFC subregions. Even after accounting for age-related effects, preference for immediate rewards (or greater impulsivity) still correlated with larger WM volumes in prefrontal regions known to mediate cognitive control. Our findings lend further support to the notion that reduced brain WM maturity may limit the ability in adolescents to forgo immediate rewards leading to greater impulsivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beng-Choon Ho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Julie A Koeppel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Amy B Barry
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| |
Collapse
|