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Elrashidy RA, Zakaria EM, Hasan RA, Elmaghraby AM, Hassan DA, Abdelgalil RM, Abdelmohsen SR, Negm AM, Khalil AS, Eraque AMS, Ahmed RM, Sabbah WS, Ahmed AA, Ibrahim SE. Implication of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial perturbations in remote liver injury after renal ischemia/reperfusion in rats: potential protective role of azilsartan. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2319963. [PMID: 38411133 PMCID: PMC10903753 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2024.2319963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Distant liver injury is a complication of renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, which imposes mortality and economic burden. This study aimed to elucidate the cross-talk of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial perturbations in renal I/R-induced liver injury, and the potential hepatoprotective effect of azilsartan (AZL).Methods: Male albino Wister rats were pre-treated with AZL (3 mg/kg/day, PO) for 7 days then a bilateral renal I/R or sham procedure was performed. Activities of liver enzymes were assessed in plasma. The structure and ultra-structure of hepatocytes were assessed by light and electron microscopy. Markers of ER stress, mitochondrial biogenesis and apoptosis were analyzed in livers of rats.Results: Renal ischemic rats showed higher plasma levels of liver enzymes than sham-operated rats, coupled with histological and ultra-structural alterations in hepatocytes. Mechanistically, there was up-regulation of ER stress markers and suppression of mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins and enhanced apoptosis in livers of renal ischemic rats. These abnormalities were almost abrogated by AZL pretreatment.Discussion: Our findings uncovered the involvement of mitochondrial perturbations, ER stress and apoptosis in liver injury following renal I/R, and suggested AZL as a preconditioning strategy to ameliorate remote liver injury in patients susceptible to renal I/R after adequate clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania A. Elrashidy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Esraa M. Zakaria
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rehab A. Hasan
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M. Elmaghraby
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina A. Hassan
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ranya M. Abdelgalil
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa R. Abdelmohsen
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira M. Negm
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza S. Khalil
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayat M. S. Eraque
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem M. Ahmed
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa S. Sabbah
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Ahmed
- Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samah E. Ibrahim
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Ahmed AA, Sborchia M, Bye H, Roman-Escorza M, Amar A, Henley-Smith R, Odell E, McGurk M, Simpson M, Ng T, Sawyer EJ, Mathew CG. Mutation detection in saliva from oral cancer patients. Oral Oncol 2024; 151:106717. [PMID: 38412584 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2024.106717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) continues to increase and although advances have been made in treatment, it still has a poor overall survival with local relapse being common. Conventional imaging methods are not efficient at detecting recurrence at an early stage when still potentially curable. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of using saliva to detect the presence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to provide additional evidence for the potential of this approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fresh tumor, whole blood and saliva were collected from patients with OSCC before treatment. Whole exome sequencing (WES) or gene panel sequencing of tumor DNA was performed to identify somatic mutations in tumors and to select genes for performing gene panel sequencing on saliva samples. RESULTS The most commonly mutated genes identified in primary tumors by DNA sequencing were TP53 and FAT1. Gene panel sequencing of paired saliva samples detected tumor derived mutations in 9 of 11 (82%) patients. The mean variant allele frequency for the mutations detected in saliva was 0.025 (range 0.004 - 0.061). CONCLUSION Somatic tumor mutations can be detected in saliva with high frequency in OSCC irrespective of site or stage of disease using a limited panel of genes. This work provides additional evidence for the suitability of using saliva as liquid biopsy in OSCC and has the potential to improve early detection of recurrence in OSCC. Trials are currently underway comparing this approach to standard imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Ahmed
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
| | - Mateja Sborchia
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Bye
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Roman-Escorza
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Ariella Amar
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Rhonda Henley-Smith
- KHP Head & Neck Cancer Biobank, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Edward Odell
- King's College London and Head and Neck Pathology Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Mark McGurk
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University College London Hospital, London NW1 2BU, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Simpson
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Ng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Medical School Campus, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Elinor J Sawyer
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher G Mathew
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom; Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Alshomar A, Ahmed AA, Rasheed Z, Alhumaydhi FA, Alsagaby S, Aljohani ASM, Alkhamiss AS, Alghsham R, Althwab SA, Khan MI, Fernández N, Al Abdulmonem W. Novel mutation in alpha-spectrin gene in Saudi patients with hereditary spherocytosis. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38319988 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2024.2310703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is the most common hereditary hemolytic disorder induced by red blood cell (RBC) membrane defect. This study was undertaken to determine mutations in genes associated with RBC membrane defect in patients with HS such as α-spectrin gene (SPTA1), β-spectrin gene (SPTB), ankyrin gene (ANK1), band 3 anion transport gene (SLC4A1) and erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1 gene (EPB41). Blood samples were collected from 23 unrelated patients with HS. Patients were diagnosed according to the guidelines from the British Society for Hematology. All hematological examinations for the determination of RBC abnormalities and osmotic fragility tests were conducted. Genomic DNA were extracted from peripheral blood cells and coding exons of known genes for hereditary spherocytosis were enriched using Roche/KAPA sequence capture technology and sequenced on an Illumina system via next-generation sequencing (NGS). The data showed that most of the HS patients confirmed splenomegaly and showed elevated reticulocytes and abnormal bilirubin values. NGS analysis identified the heterozygous variant c.5501G > A in the exon 39 of SPTA1 gene, resulted in a Trp1834*, which leads to a premature stop codon and subsequent mRNA degradation (nonsense- mediated decay) or truncation in α spectrin. Moreover, our data also revealed conventional mutations in genes SPTB, ANK, SLC4A1 and EBP41 in severe patients of HS. In short, this is the first report that determined a novel mutation c.5501G > A in SPTA1 gene in the Saudi population. To the best of our knowledge, this variant c.5501G > A has not been described in global literature so far. This novel mutation in SPTA1 gene is unique in the Saudi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Alshomar
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Alkhamiss
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruqaih Alghsham
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami A Althwab
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ismail Khan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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Ahmed AA, Gehris B, McDonald M, Salihi SA, Buja LM. A Rare Autopsy Case of Aggressive Combined Hepatocellular-Cholangiocarcinoma in 59-Year-Old Female. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2024; 54:106-111. [PMID: 38514067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) is a liver tumor with features of both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). It consists of intermingled malignant biliary and hepatic tissue and thus a distinct entity, rather than two separate coexisting malignancies. A 59-year-old female with a history of hepatitis C and cirrhosis presented with abdominal pain and altered mental status. She developed hematemesis, and despite extensive interventions, she expired one day after her initial presentation. At autopsy, the liver was diffusely and markedly fibrotic with numerous nodules of varying size with invasion into adjacent vasculature. Microscopic examination of the nodules revealed cHCC-CC with stem cell features, lymphovascular invasion, and tumor emboli scattered throughout the right lung. The patient had end-stage liver disease due to the accumulation of damage and consequent fibrosis. This led to portal hypertension with subsequent massive gastrointestinal bleeding, hemorrhagic shock, and death. cHCC-CC is a rare, aggressive primary liver tumor with a poor prognosis. It can present with a cirrhotomemetic pattern with small nodules that can evade clinical and radiographic detection. Autopsy findings can provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis and clinical course of cHCC-CC, highlight the aggressive nature of the disease, and may inform future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Accurate diagnosis of this tumor is important for patient management and prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brandon Gehris
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michelle McDonald
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Suhair Al Salihi
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L Maximilian Buja
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
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Amin SE, Elzamly S, Ahmed AA, Tandon N. Uterine Carcinosarcoma Presenting as Metastatic Osteosarcoma in the Lung: A Case Report and Literature Review. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2023; 53:969-973. [PMID: 38182153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Uterine carcinosarcomas (UCS) are aggressive tumors characterized by their biphasic nature, consisting of high-grade epithelial and mesenchymal elements. One component may predominate over the other. We present the case of a 59-year-old female who initially received a diagnosis of endometrial serous carcinoma and presented one year later with a malignant neoplasm in the lung featuring osteosarcomatous differentiation. Notably, the bone scan did not reveal any evidence of a primary bone tumor. However, additional sampling from the endometrium demonstrated a UCS with an osteosarcomatous component.Upon reviewing existing literature, it has been observed that metastases in carcinosarcoma cases generally arise from the carcinomatous component. Conversely, the sarcomatous component typically spreads locally to areas such as the vagina, cervix, or fallopian tubes. The presented case stands out as a unique instance of an undiagnosed UCS manifesting as metastatic osteosarcoma in the lung. This case underscores the complexity and diverse presentations of UCS and emphasizes the importance of comprehensive evaluation in understanding its clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Amin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shaimaa Elzamly
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nidhi Tandon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
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Sabah Al-Obaidi N, Ahmed AA, N. Abd A. Photo Stabilizing Efficiency Of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Based On Metal
Ion Complexes Of Saccharine. RB 2023; 8:1-11. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.02.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The photostabilization of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films having saccharine complexes of Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Fe(III), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes
was investigated. The production of PMMA films containing such complexes
(0.5% by weight) was carried out by the casting method using THF. The photostabilization activities of the compounds were determined by monitoring the carbonyl and hydroxyl index with irradiation time. Evaluation of stabilizing efficiency of PMMA by ultra-violet spectroscopy to investigate photodecomposition
rate constant (kd) for PMMA films in the absence and presence of saccharine
complexes. The changes in the viscosity average molecular weight of PMMA with
irradiation time were evaluated. The rate of photostabilization for PMMA in the
presence of the additives was found to follow the order Ni(sac) > Cu(sac) >
Zn(sac) > Cd(sac) > Hg(sac) > Fe(sac). Depending on the structure of the additive,
such as a peroxide decomposer, UV absorption or a radical scavenger for the
photostabilizer.
Keywords: Photodegradation, UV stabilizers, PMMA, Saccharine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Sabah Al-Obaidi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Mustansiryah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmed A. Ahmed
- Polymer Research Unit, College of Science, Al-Mustansiryah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmed N. Abd
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Diyala University, Iraq
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Samir F, Meaz TM, Hussiny FAE, Ahmed AA, Mahmoud AA, Refaat T, Gawish A, Abouegylah M. Analytical dosimetric study of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for prostate cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:6239-6246. [PMID: 36702973 PMCID: PMC10356637 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04586-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed to compare the dosimetric results and treatment delivery efficiency among four techniques to explore the preferred technique in prostate treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS 7 IMRT, 9 IMRT, 1 ARC, and 2 ARC plans were created for 30 prostate cancer patients using the Eclipse™ treatment planning system (Varian Medical Systems). All the plans were designed to deliver 80.0 Gy in 40 fractions to the prostate planning target volume (PTV). Target coverage, organs at risk (OARs), number of monitor units, homogeneity, and conformity were compared across the four techniques to assess the quality of the plans. RESULTS The study revealed better Planning Target Volume (PTV) dose coverage in the VMAT-2A than in the other plans. At the same time, VMAT-2A plans were found to be significantly lower in terms of Bladder and rectum doses than other techniques. In addition, VMAT has the advantage of considerably reducing the number of monitor units and treatment time. CONCLUSION For prostate cancer, VMAT may offer a favorable dose gradient profile, conformity, and MU and treatment time compared to IMRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fady Samir
- Alexandria Clinical Oncology Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Talaat M Meaz
- Physics Department Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Fathi AEl Hussiny
- Physics Department Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Ayadi Almostakbal Oncology Center, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amr A Mahmoud
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kafr Elsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Tamer Refaat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Ahmed Gawish
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Mohamed Abouegylah
- Alexandria Clinical Oncology Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Sakr S, Inoue K, Mohamed A, Ahmed AA, ElFeky MG, Saleh GM, Kamar MS, Arae H, Aono T, Sahoo SK. Distribution of natural radionuclides in NORM samples from North Abu Rusheid area, Egypt. J Environ Radioact 2023; 266-267:107240. [PMID: 37418811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The North Abu Rusheid area in Egypt is a well-known high background natural radiation area (HBNRA) due to the existence of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) in mylonitic rocks. In this study, 27 rock samples were selected for dose estimation studies. 238U and 232Th were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and 40K was measured using sodium iodide (thallium) gamma-ray spectroscopy. The ranges of activity concentrations (Bq/kg) of 238U, 232Th and 40K in the samples varied from 270 ± 2 to 2120 ± 29, 350 ± 2 to 1840 ± 27 and 20 ± 2 to 1390 ± 35 with mean values of 980 ± 349, 770 ± 351, and 640 ± 402 Bq/kg, respectively. The radiological hazard parameters were estimated from activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K and compared to United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) values. The present study revealed that the hazard parameters were several times higher than the worldwide averages. The U/Th concentration ratio ranged from 0.7 to 3 and could be attributed to the presence of kasolite, uranothorite, zircon, and columbite in mylonitic rocks. From the radiological protection viewpoint, it is necessary to monitor natural radionuclides in these rocks prior to their use in residential and commercial construction materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sakr
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashiogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, 116-8551, Japan; Department of Physics, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt; National Institutes for Quantum Sciences and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - K Inoue
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashiogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, 116-8551, Japan
| | - A Mohamed
- Department of Physics, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - A A Ahmed
- Department of Physics, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - M G ElFeky
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - G M Saleh
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M S Kamar
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H Arae
- National Institutes for Quantum Sciences and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - T Aono
- National Institutes for Quantum Sciences and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - S K Sahoo
- National Institutes for Quantum Sciences and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
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Bello IS, Ahmed AA. Malaria: Burden and Challenges of Eradication. West Afr J Med 2023; 40:572-574. [PMID: 37384559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I S Bello
- Department of Family Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A A Ahmed
- Department of Family Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
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Jasim BE, Ahmed AA, Aboud NA. A Comparative Study of the Photostabilization of Polyvinyl Chloride with Nano and Micro Nickel Oxide. Baghdad Sci J 2023. [DOI: 10.21123/bsj.2023.7516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
NiO nanoparticle synthesis by chemical method and characterized by XRD with crystal size 11.72 nm and grain size 13 nm from FESEM image also NiO micro used ,two NiO as an additive to evaluate the possibility of producing photodegradable polymers, the practical application of solid-phase photocatalytic degradation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC- NiO composite films) was investigated. PVC has a negative impact on the environment since its polymer degrades slowly, yet it has a wide range of industrial applications and the amount used shows no evidence of diminishing use. Thus, a synthesis of modified PVC- NiO micro and nano has been studied with 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 (hours) as irradiation time and a number of spectroscopic analyses such as FTIR and UV-VIS. Additionally, the effects of adding nanostructures to PVC chains on optical stability testing procedures were examined through indices (ICO, IPO, and IOH), weight loss measurements, UV and viscosity.
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Ahmed AA, Greenhalf W, Palmer DH, Williams N, Worthington J, Arshad T, Haider S, Alexandrou E, Guneri D, Waller ZAE, Neidle S. The Potent G-Quadruplex-Binding Compound QN-302 Downregulates S100P Gene Expression in Cells and in an In Vivo Model of Pancreatic Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062452. [PMID: 36985425 PMCID: PMC10051992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The naphthalene diimide compound QN-302, designed to bind to G-quadruplex DNA sequences within the promoter regions of cancer-related genes, has high anti-proliferative activity in pancreatic cancer cell lines and anti-tumor activity in several experimental models for the disease. We show here that QN-302 also causes downregulation of the expression of the S100P gene and the S100P protein in cells and in vivo. This protein is well established as being involved in key proliferation and motility pathways in several human cancers and has been identified as a potential biomarker in pancreatic cancer. The S100P gene contains 60 putative quadruplex-forming sequences, one of which is in the promoter region, 48 nucleotides upstream from the transcription start site. We report biophysical and molecular modeling studies showing that this sequence forms a highly stable G-quadruplex in vitro, which is further stabilized by QN-302. We also report transcriptome analyses showing that S100P expression is highly upregulated in tissues from human pancreatic cancer tumors, compared to normal pancreas material. The extent of upregulation is dependent on the degree of differentiation of tumor cells, with the most poorly differentiated, from more advanced disease, having the highest level of S100P expression. The experimental drug QN-302 is currently in pre-IND development (as of Q1 2023), and its ability to downregulate S100P protein expression supports a role for this protein as a marker of therapeutic response in pancreatic cancer. These results are also consistent with the hypothesis that the S100P promoter G-quadruplex is a potential therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer at the transcriptional level for QN-302.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Ahmed
- The School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- Guy's Cancer Centre, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - William Greenhalf
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK
| | - Daniel H Palmer
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK
| | | | | | | | - Shozeb Haider
- The School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | | | - Dilek Guneri
- The School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Zoe A E Waller
- The School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Stephen Neidle
- The School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
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Noor SK, Alutol MT, FadAllah FSA, Ahmed AA, Osman SA, Badi S, Fathelrahman AI, Ahmed M, Ahmed MH. Risk factors associated with fasting during Ramadan among individuals with diabetes according to IDF-DAR risk score in Atbara city, Sudan: Cross-sectional hospital-based study. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2023; 17:102743. [PMID: 36940635 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ramadan is a holy month for Muslims. The aim of this study was to assess risk associated with Ramadan fasting among Sudanese individuals with diabetes (high, moderate, and low risk) according to International Diabetes Federation in collaboration with Diabetes and Ramadan International alliance (IDF-DAR) Practical Guidelines 2021 risk score. METHODS This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study recruited 300 individuals with diabetes (79% have type 2 diabetes) from diabetes centers in Atbara city, the River Nile state, Sudan. RESULTS The risk score was distributed as low risk (13.7%), Moderate risk (24%), and High risk (62.3%). T-test showed a significant difference in mean risk score by gender, duration and type of diabetes (p values = 0.004, 0.000, & 0.000, respectively). One-way ANOVA revealed a statistically significant difference in the risk score by age groups (p = 0.000). Logistic regression revealed that the odds of being in the 41-60 years age group had lower probability to be categorized in the moderate risk group of fasting rather than low risk by 4.3 times than being in the age more than 60 years. (p = 0.008), the odds of being in the age group 41-60 years lower probability to be categorized in the high risk of fasting rather than low risk by 8 times than being in the age more than 60 years. (p = 0.000). CONCLUSION The majority of patients in this study have a high risk for Ramadan fasting. IDF-DAR risk score is of great significance in assessing individuals with diabetes for Ramadan fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufian K Noor
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nile Valley University, Atabara, Sudan
| | - Mo'min T Alutol
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nile Valley University, Atabara, Sudan
| | | | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nile Valley University, Atabara, Sudan
| | - Sohep A Osman
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nile Valley University, Atabara, Sudan
| | - Safaa Badi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Musaab Ahmed
- College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed H Ahmed
- Department of Medicine and HIV Metabolic Clinic, Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, UK.
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Wang WJ, Gehris BT, Ahmed AA, Naik U, Chen L. Dual expression of surface immunoglobulin light chains is real: First reported case in mantle cell lymphoma. Int J Lab Hematol 2022; 45:e64-e67. [PMID: 36537151 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei J. Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas USA
| | - Brandon T. Gehris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas USA
| | - Ahmed A. Ahmed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas USA
| | - Udit Naik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center at Houston Houston Texas USA
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Escorza MR, Sheinman M, Bismeijer T, Ahmed AA, Shah V, Marks JR, King LM, Megalios A, Visser LL, Hoogstrat M, Davies HR, Kumar T, Collyar D, Stobart H, Pinder S, Navin NN, Futreal A, Nik-Zainal S, Hwang ES, Lips EH, Thompson A, Wessels LF, Wesseling J, Sawyer EJ. Abstract PR002: Genomic predictor can discriminate between high- and low-risk DCIS. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6215.dcis22-pr002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is considered a non-obligate precursor of invasive ductal carcinoma. With the aim of preventing a subsequent invasive cancer, all DCIS lesions are currently treated with surgical excision often supplemented with radiotherapy (RT). To prevent DCIS over- or undertreatment, a reliable marker of DCIS invasiveness risk is urgently needed. Methods: We studied two large DCIS cohorts: the Sloane cohort, a prospective breast screening cohort from the UK (median follow-up of 11 years), and a Dutch population-based cohort (NKI, median follow-up of 13 years). FFPE tissue specimens from patients with pure primary DCIS after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) +/- RT that did develop a subsequent ipsilateral event (DCIS or invasive) were considered as cases, whereas patients that did not develop any form of recurrence up to the last follow-up or death were considered as controls. We performed copy number analysis (CNA) and RNAseq analysis on 229 cases (80 DCIS only recurrences) and 344 controls. Results: DCIS was classified into the PAM50 subtypes using RNAseq data which revealed an enrichment of luminal A phenotype in DCIS that did not recur (P = 0.01, Fisher Exact test). No single copy number aberration was more common in cases compared to controls. RNAseq data did not reveal any genes significantly over/under-expressed in cases versus controls after FDR correction. However, by limiting the analysis to samples that had not had RT and excluding pure DCIS recurrences, we could develop a penalized Cox model from RNAseq data. The model was trained on weighted samples (to correct for the biased sampling of the case-control dataset) from the NKI series with double loop cross-validation. The genes were selected using the Elastic net framework of penalization. Using this predicted hazard ratio, the samples were split into high, medium, and low-risk quantiles, with a recurrence risk of 23%, 7% and 2%, respectively at 5 years (p = 10-10, Wald test). The NKI-trained predictor was independently validated in the Sloane No RT no DCIS recurrence cohort (p = 0.02, Wald test). GSEA analysis revealed proliferation hallmarks enriched in the recurrence predictor (FDR = 0.058). The RNAseq predictor was more predictive of recurrence than PAM50, clinical features (Grade, Her2 and ER) and the 12-gene Oncotype DCIS score (p < 0.001, permutation test using the Wald statistic) in both the NKI and Sloane series. Conclusion: Genomic profiling of two independent series of DCIS with outcome data did not reveal any clear associations with recurrence until analysis was limited to a set of samples who had not had radiotherapy and DCIS recurrences were excluded. We then identified an RNAseq-based classifier that could differentiate primary DCIS in low-, medium-, and high-risk groups, and validated it in an independent cohort. This classifier, if validated in other datasets, will allow us to identify women who do not need intensive treatment for their DCIS.
Citation Format: Maria Roman Escorza, Michael Sheinman, Tycho Bismeijer, Ahmed A. Ahmed, Vandna Shah, Jeffrey R. Marks, Lorraine M. King, Anargyros Megalios, Lindy L. Visser, Marlous Hoogstrat, Helen R. Davies, Tapsi Kumar, Deborah Collyar, Hilary Stobart, Sarah Pinder, Nicholas N. Navin, Andrew Futreal, Serena Nik-Zainal, E. Shelley Hwang, Esther H. Lips, Alastair Thompson, Lodewyk F.A. Wessels, Jelle Wesseling, Elinor J. Sawyer. Genomic predictor can discriminate between high- and low-risk DCIS [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Rethinking DCIS: An Opportunity for Prevention?; 2022 Sep 8-11; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2022;15(12 Suppl_1): Abstract nr PR002.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vandna Shah
- 1King's College London, London, United Kingdom,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tapsi Kumar
- 5The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX,
| | | | - Hilary Stobart
- 7Independent Cancer Patients' Voice, London, United Kingdom,
| | | | | | - Andrew Futreal
- 5The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX,
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15
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Alkhamiss AS, Ahmed AA, Rasheed Z, Alghsham R, Shariq A, Alsaeed T, Althwab SA, Alsagaby S, Aljohani ASM, Alhumaydhi FA, Alduraibi SK, Alduraibi AK, Alhomaidan HT, Allemailem KS, Alharbi RA, Alamro SA, Alqusayer AM, Alharbi SA, Alharby TA, Almujaydil MS, Mousa AM, Alghaniam SA, Alghunaim AA, Alghamdi R, Fernández N, Al Abdulmonem W. Mucormycosis co-infection in COVID-19 patients: An update. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:917-937. [PMID: 36045713 PMCID: PMC9372758 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucormycosis (MCM) is a rare fungal disorder that has recently been increased in parallel with novel COVID-19 infection. MCM with COVID-19 is extremely lethal, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. The collection of available scientific information helps in the management of this co-infection, but still, the main question on COVID-19, whether it is occasional, participatory, concurrent, or coincidental needs to be addressed. Several case reports of these co-infections have been explained as causal associations, but the direct contribution in immunocompromised individuals remains to be explored completely. This review aims to provide an update that serves as a guide for the diagnosis and treatment of MCM patients' co-infection with COVID-19. The initial report has suggested that COVID-19 patients might be susceptible to developing invasive fungal infections by different species, including MCM as a co-infection. In spite of this, co-infection has been explored only in severe cases with common triangles: diabetes, diabetes ketoacidosis, and corticosteroids. Pathogenic mechanisms in the aggressiveness of MCM infection involves the reduction of phagocytic activity, attainable quantities of ferritin attributed with transferrin in diabetic ketoacidosis, and fungal heme oxygenase, which enhances iron absorption for its metabolism. Therefore, severe COVID-19 cases are associated with increased risk factors of invasive fungal co-infections. In addition, COVID-19 infection leads to reduction in cluster of differentiation, especially CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts, which may be highly implicated in fungal co-infections. Thus, the progress in MCM management is dependent on a different strategy, including reduction or stopping of implicit predisposing factors, early intake of active antifungal drugs at appropriate doses, and complete elimination via surgical debridement of infected tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah S Alkhamiss
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruqaih Alghsham
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Shariq
- Departments of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamir Alsaeed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami A Althwab
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharifa K Alduraibi
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa K Alduraibi
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Homaidan T Alhomaidan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raya A Alharbi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar A Alamro
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa M Alqusayer
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahim A Alharbi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thekra A Alharby
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S Almujaydil
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman M Mousa
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Sultan A Alghaniam
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Qassim Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rana Alghamdi
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Arts College, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Mousa AM, Soliman KEA, Alhumaydhi FA, Almatroudi A, Allemailem KS, Alsahli MA, Alrumaihi F, Aljasir M, Alwashmi ASS, Ahmed AA, Khan A, Al-Regaiey KA, AlSuhaymi N, Alsugoor MH, Aljarbou WA, Elsayed AM. Could allicin alleviate trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in a rat model through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antihyperlipidemic properties? Life Sci 2022; 302:120656. [PMID: 35605695 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Although trastuzumab (TZB)-induced cardiotoxicity is well documented and allicin (one of the main active garlic ingredients) has ameliorating effects against numerous causes of toxicities; however, the influence of allicin on TZB-induced cardiotoxicity has not been investigated yet. Therefore, the current work explored the potential cardioprotective structural, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of allicin against TZB-induced cardiotoxicity in a rat's model. METHODS Forty rats were divided into four equal groups and treated for five weeks. The control group (G1) received PBS, the allicin group (G2) received allicin (9 mg/kg/day), the TZB group (G3) received TZB (6 mg/kg/week), and the allicin+TZB group (G4) received 9 mg of allicin/kg/day +6 mg of TZB/kg/week. Heart specimens and blood samples were processed for histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and molecular investigations to determine the extent of cardiac injury in all groups. KEY FINDINGS The myocardium of G3 revealed significant increases in the numbers of inflammatory and apoptotic cells and the area percentage of collagen fibers and TNF-α immunoexpression compared with G1 and G2. Besides, qRT-PCR analysis exhibited significant reductions of SOD3, GPX1, and CAT expressions with significant increases in TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, cTnI, cTnT, and LDH expressions. Additionally, flow cytometry analysis demonstrated a significant elevation in the apoptotic and ROS levels. In contrast, allicin+TZB cotherapy in G4 ameliorated all previous changes compared with G3. SIGNIFICANCE The current study proves that allicin could be used as a novel supplementary cardioprotective therapy to avoid TZB-induced cardiotoxicity via its anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, and antiapoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Mousa
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt.
| | - Khaled E A Soliman
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah 51452, Saudi Arabia; Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Aljasir
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ameen S S Alwashmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Al-Regaiey
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naif AlSuhaymi
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, AlQunfudah, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mahdi H Alsugoor
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, AlQunfudah, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Abulmaaty M Elsayed
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Mutah, Jordan; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt.
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17
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Algahtani FD, Alsaif B, Ahmed AA, Almishaal AA, Obeidat ST, Mohamed RF, Kamel RM, Gul I, Hassan SUN. Using Spiritual Connections to Cope With Stress and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2022; 13:915290. [PMID: 35967642 PMCID: PMC9371003 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.915290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the initial phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, stress and anxiety were pervasive among the masses due to high morbidity and mortality. Besides the fear of coronavirus was also particularly driven by social media. Many people started to look for faith and spiritual connections to gain comfort. The role of spiritual ties and religious beliefs in relation to coping with pandemic stress has acquired the attention of researchers in some parts of the world. This cross-sectional survey aimed at assessing the intensity of stress and anxiety symptoms experienced by people and how much they were alleviated by employing spiritual connections. The study sample comprises 795 respondents with 52% males and 48% females living in Saudi Arabia. The brief online study questionnaire collected data about background variables, anxiety and stress scale from DASS-21, and items from the WHOQOL (SRBP) instrument assessed the use of spiritual beliefs to cope. Multiple regression models were tested to determine the role of spiritual connections after adjusting demographic variables. Results illustrated that after adjusting for gender and age, participants' anxiety symptoms decreased by (β = -0.27; p = 0.000) units with each unit increase in the use of spiritual connections, and participants' stress symptoms reduce by (β = -0.36; p = 0.000) units with each unit increase in coping with spirituality. Additionally, females' risk to experience anxiety and stress symptoms was more than males [(β = 0.88; p = 0.01) and (β = 0.92; p = 0.000)], respectively. An increase in age decreases the likelihood of experiencing anxiety symptoms and stress symptoms by (β = -0.75; p = 0.02) and (β = -0.11; p = 0.000) units, respectively. Findings support the protective role of spiritual connections despite small beta coefficients. The social and cultural context in Saudi Arabia favors deep-rooted connections with spirituality and faith. Our findings support the fact that the reliance on spiritual connections helped older people to deal with exaggerated fear during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and reduces the risk of experiencing anxiety and stress symptoms. Females and younger participants were relatively vulnerable to developing these symptoms. We discussed these findings considering some recent studies that reported similar relationships and made recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad D. Algahtani
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Alsaif
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Ahmed
- Department of Working With Individuals and Families, Faculty of Social Work, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
- Department of Social Sciences, College of Arts, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A. Almishaal
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sofian T. Obeidat
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania Fathy Mohamed
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Iram Gul
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Sehar un Nisa Hassan
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
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Ahmed AA, Roman-Escorza M, Bismeijer T, Sheinman M, Shah V, Shami R, Marks JR, King LM, Megalios A, Visser LL, Hoogstraat M, Davies HR, Kumar T, Collyar D, Stobart H, Pinder S, Navin NN, Futreal A, Nik-Zainal S, Hwang ES, Wessels LF, Lips EH, Thompson A, Wesseling J, Sawyer EJ. Abstract 5108: Copy number analysis of pure DCIS and association with recurrence. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
With the widespread adoption of breast cancer screening the incidence of pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) has increased. As DCIS is considered a non-obligate precursor of invasive ductal carcinoma most women with pure DCIS are treated with breast conserving surgery (BCS) +/- radiotherapy. However, for many this is likely to be overtreatment as only a minority will develop a subsequent ipsilateral recurrence. Studies also show that only ~60% of these ipsilateral recurrences are invasive disease with the remainder being pure DCIS. To predict which women are most likely to benefit from interventions, there is a need to identify biomarkers that are associated with invasive recurrence. Our aim was to assess whether copy number aberrations (CNAs) could be used to identify DCIS that was likely to recur as invasive disease or remain recurrence-free during long-time follow up.
We performed somatic copy number profiling on 309 pure DCIS samples that had not developed an ipsilateral event (controls), 198 that had developed subsequent ipsilateral invasive disease (INV-cases) and 58 that had developed subsequent ipsilateral pure DCIS (DCIS-cases). The samples were obtained from two large nation-wide cohorts: the Sloane cohort, a prospective breast screening cohort from the UK with a median follow up of 12.5 years and a Dutch population based cohort, with a median follow up of 13 years. CNAs were assessed using the CytoSNP array or low pass whole genome sequencing and analyzed using GISTIC.
Integrative cluster (IntClust) subtyping revealed that only 5 subtypes were well represented in DCIS compared to 10 in invasive disease and the distribution of clusters between INV-cases and controls was similar with the exception of IntClust 4, which was significantly more common in controls (P= 0.025, Fishers exact test). IntClust 4 is characterized to have low levels of genomic instability and a CNA-devoid. INV-cases were globally more aberrant than controls (P = 0.006, Wilcoxon test) as assessed by the chromosomal instability index (CIN) score. GISTIC identified 17 recurrent amplifications, 21 recurrent gains and 22 recurrent losses in the whole cohort. Six of these regions were more common in INV-cases compared to controls: amplifications at 17q24.1 and 8p11.23, losses at 1p36.13 and 11q23.2 and gains at 17q21.33 and 16p (Nominal P < 0.05 and FDR < 0.1, Fishers exact test). Subgroup analysis of ER+, Her2- INV-cases versus controls revealed an additional differential CNA, amplification at 11q13.3 more common in cases.
DCIS-cases had similar CNAs to INV-cases and were more aberrant than controls in terms of CIN score (P < 0.037, Wilcoxon test) but not as aberrant as INV-cases.
In conclusion, we have identified potential CNAs that are associated with invasive recurrence. Further analysis will integrate gene expression with copy number data to identify which genes are being targeted by these CNAs in order to identify pathways important in progression of DCIS.
Citation Format: Ahmed A. Ahmed, Maria Roman-Escorza, Tycho Bismeijer, Michael Sheinman, Vandna Shah, Rana Shami, Jeffrey R. Marks, Lorraine M. King, Anargyros Megalios, Lindy L. Visser, Marlous Hoogstraat, Helen R. Davies, Tapsi Kumar, Deborah Collyar, Hilary Stobart, Sarah Pinder, Nicholas N. Navin, Andrew Futreal, Serena Nik-Zainal, E. Shelley Hwang, Lodewyk F. Wessels, Esther H. Lips, Alastair Thompson, Jelle Wesseling, Elinor J. Sawyer. Copy number analysis of pure DCIS and association with recurrence [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5108.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vandna Shah
- 1King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rana Shami
- 1King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hilary Stobart
- 7Independent Cancer Patients' Voice, London, United Kingdom
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Lips EH, Kumar T, Megalios A, Visser LL, Sheinman M, Fortunato A, Shah V, Hoogstraat M, Sei E, Mallo D, Roman-Escorza M, Ahmed AA, Xu M, van den Belt-Dusebout AW, Brugman W, Casasent AK, Clements K, Davies HR, Fu L, Grigoriadis A, Hardman TM, King LM, Krete M, Kristel P, de Maaker M, Maley CC, Marks JR, Menegaz BA, Mulder L, Nieboer F, Nowinski S, Pinder S, Quist J, Salinas-Souza C, Schaapveld M, Schmidt MK, Shaaban AM, Shami R, Sridharan M, Zhang J, Stobart H, Collyar D, Nik-Zainal S, Wessels LFA, Hwang ES, Navin NE, Futreal PA, Thompson AM, Wesseling J, Sawyer EJ. Genomic analysis defines clonal relationships of ductal carcinoma in situ and recurrent invasive breast cancer. Nat Genet 2022; 54:850-860. [PMID: 35681052 PMCID: PMC9197769 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01082-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is the most common form of preinvasive breast cancer and, despite treatment, a small fraction (5-10%) of DCIS patients develop subsequent invasive disease. A fundamental biologic question is whether the invasive disease arises from tumor cells in the initial DCIS or represents new unrelated disease. To address this question, we performed genomic analyses on the initial DCIS lesion and paired invasive recurrent tumors in 95 patients together with single-cell DNA sequencing in a subset of cases. Our data show that in 75% of cases the invasive recurrence was clonally related to the initial DCIS, suggesting that tumor cells were not eliminated during the initial treatment. Surprisingly, however, 18% were clonally unrelated to the DCIS, representing new independent lineages and 7% of cases were ambiguous. This knowledge is essential for accurate risk evaluation of DCIS, treatment de-escalation strategies and the identification of predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther H Lips
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tapsi Kumar
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anargyros Megalios
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lindy L Visser
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Sheinman
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute and The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angelo Fortunato
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Center for Biocomputing, Security and Society, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Vandna Shah
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Marlous Hoogstraat
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute and The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emi Sei
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Diego Mallo
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Center for Biocomputing, Security and Society, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Maria Roman-Escorza
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mingchu Xu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Wim Brugman
- Genomics Core Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna K Casasent
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Karen Clements
- Screening Quality Assurance Service, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Helen R Davies
- Early Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre and Academic Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Biomedical Research Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Liping Fu
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita Grigoriadis
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy M Hardman
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lorraine M King
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Marielle Krete
- Genomics Core Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra Kristel
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel de Maaker
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo C Maley
- Biodesign Center for Biocomputing, Security and Society, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Marks
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brian A Menegaz
- Department of Surgery, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lennart Mulder
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Nieboer
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Salpie Nowinski
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah Pinder
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jelmar Quist
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carolina Salinas-Souza
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Schaapveld
- Division of Psychosocial research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Abeer M Shaaban
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rana Shami
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mathini Sridharan
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Serena Nik-Zainal
- Early Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre and Academic Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Biomedical Research Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lodewyk F A Wessels
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute and The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics, and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - E Shelley Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nicholas E Navin
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P Andrew Futreal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alastair M Thompson
- Department of Surgery, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jelle Wesseling
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Divisions of Diagnostic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elinor J Sawyer
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK.
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20
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Lu Z, Mao W, Yang H, Santiago-O'Farrill JM, Rask PJ, Mondal J, Chen H, Ivan C, Liu X, Liu CG, Xi Y, Masuda K, Carrami EM, Chen M, Tang Y, Pang L, Lakomy DS, Calin GA, Liang H, Ahmed AA, Vankayalapati H, Bast RC. SIK2 inhibition enhances PARP inhibitor activity synergistically in ovarian and triple-negative breast cancers. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:146471. [PMID: 35642638 PMCID: PMC9151707 DOI: 10.1172/jci146471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP inhibitors) have had an increasing role in the treatment of ovarian and breast cancers. PARP inhibitors are selectively active in cells with homologous recombination DNA repair deficiency caused by mutations in BRCA1/2 and other DNA repair pathway genes. Cancers with homologous recombination DNA repair proficiency respond poorly to PARP inhibitors. Cancers that initially respond to PARP inhibitors eventually develop drug resistance. We have identified salt-inducible kinase 2 (SIK2) inhibitors, ARN3236 and ARN3261, which decreased DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair functions and produced synthetic lethality with multiple PARP inhibitors in both homologous recombination DNA repair deficiency and proficiency cancer cells. SIK2 is required for centrosome splitting and PI3K activation and regulates cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and sensitivity to chemotherapy. Here, we showed that SIK2 inhibitors sensitized ovarian and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and xenografts to PARP inhibitors. SIK2 inhibitors decreased PARP enzyme activity and phosphorylation of class-IIa histone deacetylases (HDAC4/5/7). Furthermore, SIK2 inhibitors abolished class-IIa HDAC4/5/7-associated transcriptional activity of myocyte enhancer factor-2D (MEF2D), decreasing MEF2D binding to regulatory regions with high chromatin accessibility in FANCD2, EXO1, and XRCC4 genes, resulting in repression of their functions in the DNA DSB repair pathway. The combination of PARP inhibitors and SIK2 inhibitors provides a therapeutic strategy to enhance PARP inhibitor sensitivity for ovarian cancer and TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hu Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, and
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics.,Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Yuanxin Xi
- Department of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, and
| | - Kenta Masuda
- The University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA.,Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Eli M Carrami
- The University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA.,Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yitao Tang
- Department of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, and.,The University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lan Pang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - George A Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, and.,Department of Systems Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
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21
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Alsagaby S, Ahmed AA, Rasheed Z, Althwab SA, Aljohani ASM, Alhumaydhi FA, Alhomaidan HT, Alkhamiss AS, Alkhowailed M, Alaqeel A, Alblihed MA, Alrehaili J, Fernández N, Abdulmonem WA. Association of genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair genes ERCC2 Asp312Asn (rs1799793), ERCC2 Lys 751 Gln (rs13181), XRCC1 Arg399 Gln (rs25487) and XRCC3 Thr 241Met (rs861539) with the susceptibility of lung cancer in Saudi population. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2022; 41:530-554. [PMID: 35319340 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2022.2052317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrated the association of polymorphisms in ERCC2 (Asp312Asn) rs1799793, ERCC2 (Lys751Gln) rs13181, XRCC1 (Arg399Gln) rs25487 and XRCC3(Thr241Met) rs861539 polymorphisms with a susceptibility of lung cancer (LC) onset in the Saudi population. The study was performed on 134 LC patients and 270 controls. The data revealed that there was no significant association of LC with subtype squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and adenocarcinoma with the ERCC2 rs1799793 polymorphism. The data showed that the CC genotype for ERCC2 rs13181, the AA genotype for XRCC1 rs25487, and the genotype TT for XRCC3 rs861539 were significantly associated with SCC susceptibility (p < 0.05). Similarly, the CC genotype for ERCC2 rs13181 and the AA genotype for XRCC1 rs25487 were significantly associated with adenocarcinoma susceptibility (p < 0.05). Whereas, the TT genotype for XRCC3 rs861539 was significantly associated with SCLC susceptibility (p = 0.005). In total, significant association of LC susceptibility was found in the following combination models of recessive genotypes: AC heterozygous for ERCC2 rs13181 + AA homozygous for XRCC1 rs25487, CC homozygous for ERCC2 rs13181 + GA heterozygous for rs25487, CC homozygous for rs13181 + AA homozygous for XRCC1 rs25487, CC homozygous for ERCC2 rs13181 + TT homozygous for XRCC3 rs861539, GA heterozygous for XRCC1 rs25487 + CT heterozygous for XRCC3 rs861539, GA heterozygous for XRCC1 rs25487 + TT homozygous for XRCC3 rs861539, AA homozygous for XRCC1 rs25487 + CT heterozygous for XRCC3 rs861539, AA homozygous for XRCC1 rs25487+ TT homozygous for XRCC3 rs861539. These data clearly demonstrated that the combination of recessive genotypes may be associated with susceptibility of LC onset (p < 0.05). In short, the data indicated that DNA repair genes increase LC risk via gene-gene interaction rather than independent variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami A Althwab
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Homaidan T Alhomaidan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Alkhamiss
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alkhowailed
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aqeel Alaqeel
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamd A Alblihed
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jihad Alrehaili
- Pathology Department, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Aljohani AS, Ahmed AA, Althwab SA, Alkhamiss AS, Rasheed Z, Fernández N, Al Abdulmonem W. Gene expression of glutathione S-transferase alpha, glutathione S-transferase rho, glutathione peroxidase, uncoupling protein 2, cytochrome P450 1A, heat shock protein 70 in liver of Oreochromis niloticus upon exposure of microcystin-LR, microcystin-RR and toxic cyanobacteria crude. Gene Reports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Ahmed AA, Yönten V. Application of Experimental Design Methodology for Adsorption of Brilliant Blue onto Amberlite XAD-4/Agaricus campestris as a New Biocomposite Adsorbent. ARO 2022. [DOI: 10.14500/aro.10903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This research presents a new biocomposite adsorbents using response surface methodology (RSM) to find the best conditions for highest adsorption of Brilliant Blue G250 (BBG) from aqueous solution by Amberlite XAD-4/Agaricus campestris. The most effective parameters are determined by Plackett–Burman design (PBD) with specific ranges initial dye concentration (5–150 mg.L-1), temperature (20–50°C), contact time (5–100 min), pH (3–11), shaking speed (150–300 rpm), sample volume (5–75 mL), and adsorbent dosage (0.05–0.6 g). Then, in the second step, the optimum condition of effective factors is predicted using steepest ascent design. Finally, optimal medium conditions of effective parameters with central composite design are located. According to RSM, the best adsorbent amount, contact time, initial dye concentration, and sample volume for maximum removal% of BBG (96.72%) are 0.38 g, 60.78 min, 107.13 mg.L-1, and 28.6 mL, respectively. The adsorption of brilliant blue is approved by scanning electron microscopy. Under optimum conditions, it is concluded that XAD4/A. campestr is biocomposite is a suitable adsorbent for removing BBG from aqueous solution.
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24
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Alghsham R, Rasheed Z, Shariq A, Alduraibi S, Ahmed AA, Alkhowailed M, Aqeel A, Alhomaidan H, Alqossayir F, Alsoghair M, Alamer A, Alkhamiss A, Al Abdulmonem W. Conduction of Academic Examination in the University Campus by the Medicine College during Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: Elaboration of Precautionary Methods. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study was undertaken to elaborate the precautionary methods taken by the College of Medicine of Qassim University for conduction of students’ academic examinations (exams) in the university campus during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This study was conducted on undergraduate medical students (n=674) from the September 2020 to April 2021 in the College of Medicine at Qassim University. The switch into conducting exams within the center was managed by the exam committee. Multiple online workshops were conducted to the staff and students regarding the precautionary measures and the exam procedures in order to prevent the transmission of the disease among students and staff. New guidelines for undertaking the exams were designed and implemented at the exam centers in the university campus during COVID-19 pandemic.
Results: All the exams were conducted in a satisfactory manner under one roof under the supervision of the invigilation team within the examination center located in the university campus. The strict implementation of precautionary guidelines and the crucial steps to prevent the spread of Coronavirus facilitated the accomplishment of this vital task in a smooth manner with no case of COVID-19 reported in any of the staff or students who participated in this activity.
Conclusions: This study revealed the precautionary methods and steps undertaken by the college of medicine, Qassim University in terms of conducting exams within campus. We concluded that if implementation of precautionary measures should be carried out in a proper manner then it is possible to conduct exams under one roof.
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25
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Bismeijer T, Ahmed AA, Sheinman M, Roman-Escorza M, Shah V, Marks JR, King LM, Megalios A, Visser LL, Hoogstraat M, Davies HR, Kumar T, Collyar D, Stobart H, Navin NN, Futreal A, Nik-Zainal S, Hwang S, Lips EH, Thompson A, Wessels LFA, Sawyer EJ, Wesseling J. Abstract P1-22-05: Identifying predictors of invasive recurrence based on molecular profiles of DCIS lesions. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p1-22-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-obligate precursor of invasive breast cancer. Patients with DCIS are routinely treated by breast-conserving surgery often supplemented by radiotherapy, although many will never develop invasive disease. To date, no robust predictors of invasive breast cancer recurrence following DCIS have been identified. In our efforts to find such predictors, we performed gene expression, copy number and mutation analysis on two large DCIS cohorts with long-term follow-up. Methods Two nested case control series were analyzed, where cases are defined as DCIS with a subsequent invasive breast cancer and controls remained disease free during follow up. Cases and controls were matched on age and on follow up duration and were derived from two nation-wide cohort studies. The Sloane cohort is a prospective breast screening cohort from the UK, median follow up is 6 years (range 1-10). The Dutch cohort is population-based and had a median follow up of 13 years (range 2-23). We performed copy number analysis using CytoSNP array or low pass whole genome sequencing (lpWGS) on 310 controls and 196 cases, and RNA-seq on 295 controls and 206 cases. Results First analyses on the copy number data suggest that cases are genetically more aberrant with multiple regions of amplification compared to controls (p < 0.05). RNA-seq was used to classify DCIS into the PAM50 subtypes which did not appear to be predictive of recurrence. Initial RNA-seq analysis did not show consistent gene expression differences between cases and controls in the Sloane or Dutch cohorts, possibly explained by differences in clinical characteristics of the cohorts. A new computational method has been developed accounting for the differences in follow-up times, results will be presented at SABCS. Targeted sequencing revealed that the most common mutations were in PIK3CA and TP53, but there was no association with recurrence. Conclusion Only small molecular differences were identified between DCIS that recurs as invasive breast cancer and DCIS that remains disease-free. Currently, we are seeking to identify reproducible differences by a combined analysis of two population-based cohorts in a time dependent fashion. These will be presented at the SABCS. This work was supported by Cancer Research UK and by KWF Dutch Cancer Society (ref.C38317/A24043)
Citation Format: Tycho Bismeijer, Ahmed A Ahmed, Michael Sheinman, Maria Roman-Escorza, Vandna Shah, Jeffrey R Marks, Lorraine M King, Anargyros Megalios, Lindy L Visser, Marlous Hoogstraat, Helen R Davies, Tapsi Kumar, Deborah Collyar, Hilary Stobart, Nicholas N Navin, Andrew Futreal, Serena Nik-Zainal, Shelley Hwang, Esther H Lips, Alastair Thompson, Lodewyk FA Wessels, Elinor J Sawyer, Jelle Wesseling, Grand Challenge PRECISION Consortium. Identifying predictors of invasive recurrence based on molecular profiles of DCIS lesions [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-22-05.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tycho Bismeijer
- Oncode Institute and Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy’s Cancer Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Sheinman
- Oncode Institute and Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maria Roman-Escorza
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy’s Cancer Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vandna Shah
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy’s Cancer Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey R Marks
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Lorraine M King
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Anargyros Megalios
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy’s Cancer Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lindy L Visser
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marlous Hoogstraat
- Oncode Institute and Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Helen R Davies
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre and Academic Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Biomedical Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tapsi Kumar
- Department of Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Hilary Stobart
- Independent Cancer Patients’ Voice, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrew Futreal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Serena Nik-Zainal
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre and Academic Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Biomedical Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Shelley Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Esther H Lips
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alastair Thompson
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Lodewyk FA Wessels
- Oncode Institute and Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute and Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics, and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elinor J Sawyer
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy’s Cancer Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jelle Wesseling
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Division of Diagnostic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute and Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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26
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Sharaf OF, Ahmed AA, Ibrahim AF, Shariq A, Alkhamiss AS, Alghsham R, Althwab SA, Alghaniam SA, Alhumaydhi FA, Alghamdi R, Alshomar A, Alabdullatif T, Alkhulayfi A, Alghunaim AA, Abdulmonem WA. Modulation of mice immune responses against Schistosoma mansoni infection with anti-schistosomiasis drugs: Role of interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2022; 16:3-11. [PMID: 35300269 PMCID: PMC8905037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) is endemic in Africa, the Middle East, South America, and the Caribbean. This study investigated the modulation of immune response against S. mansoni through estimation of interleukin-4 (IL-4) (Th2 cytokine) and interferon-gamma (INF-γ) (Th1 cytokine) under the effect of anti-schistosomal drugs. METHODS Laboratory bred female albino mice (n = 120) were divided into the following groups: untreated mice, S. mansoni infected mice, S. mansoni infected mice treated with artemisinin (ART), arachidonic acid (ARA), nifedipine or praziquantel (PZQ). Levels of IL-4 and INF-γ cytokines in the serum samples of treated and untreated mice were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the results were further validated by measuring the mRNA levels IL-4 and INF-γ using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Anti-schistosomiasis drugs ART and ARA increased the levels of Th2 cytokine IL-4 (P < 0.05), whereas PZQ drug decreased the response of IL-4 (P < 0.05). However, nifedipine was found to be ineffective in modulating the response of IL-4 (P > 0.05). As far as Th-1 cytokine IFN γ was concerned, only PZQ increased its levels (P < 0.05), whereas other tested anti-schistosomiasis drugs; ART, ARA, and nifedipine were found to be infective (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that anti-schistosomiasis drugs ART, ARA, and PZQ play a role in the modulation of expression of Th2 cytokines. Whereas, only PZQ may play a role in the modulation of Th1 cytokines. These findings provide a scope for the formulation of novel anti-schistosomal drugs as well as in the therapeutic management of patients infected with S. mansoni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama F. Sharaf
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Parasitology, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shibin Al kom, Al Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Ahmed
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa F. Ibrahim
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Parasitology, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shibin Al kom, Al Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Ali Shariq
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S. Alkhamiss
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruqaih Alghsham
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami A. Althwab
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Qassim Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan A. Alghaniam
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Alghamdi
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Arts College, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Alshomar
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tasleem Alabdullatif
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Dr. Waleed Al Abdulmonem, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
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Hassan SUN, Algahtani FD, Atteya MR, Almishaal AA, Ahmed AA, Obeidat ST, Kamel RM, Mohamed RF. The Impact of Extended E-Learning on Emotional Well-Being of Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Children (Basel) 2021; 9:children9010013. [PMID: 35053638 PMCID: PMC8774542 DOI: 10.3390/children9010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Educational institutions in Saudi Arabia extended e-learning until the third semester of the academic calendar to prevent the spread of COVID-19 infection and to achieve 70% inoculation for the Saudi population. This study assesses the impact of extended e-learning and other associated stressors on the emotional health of university students in Saudi Arabia. An online cross-sectional survey collected data between the months of January–March 2021. The emotional signs of stress were measured by using a subset of items from the COVID-19 Adolescent Symptom and Psychological Experience Questionnaire (CASPE). Data about demographic variables, educational characteristics and academic performance were also collected. A regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of emotional health. A total of 434 university students including females (63%) and males (37%) provided responses. One-third of students (33%) indicated that the COVID-19 pandemic and its resulting changes including online distance studies greatly influenced their daily lives in a negative way. The regression analysis demonstrated that female students and students with average academic performance had increased vulnerability to experience emotional signs of stress (p < 0.05). The factors ‘Not going to university’ and ‘Not having a routine life’ were significant predictors of stress responses (p < 0.01) and (p < 0.001) respectively. E-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic made it possible for students to complete their studies as per academic calendar; simultaneously, it increased the vulnerability to experience stress, particularly for female students and students with average academic performance. These findings imply that academic advising and counseling services should be more readily available during digital studies to support at risk students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehar-un-Nisa Hassan
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.-u.-N.H.); (F.D.A.); Tel.: +966-55-762-92 (S.-u.-N.H.)
| | - Fahad D. Algahtani
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostic & Personalized Therapeutic Unit, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.-u.-N.H.); (F.D.A.); Tel.: +966-55-762-92 (S.-u.-N.H.)
| | - Mohammad Raafat Atteya
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.A.); (A.A.A.); (R.F.M.)
| | - Ali A. Almishaal
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.A.); (A.A.A.); (R.F.M.)
| | - Ahmed A. Ahmed
- Department of Social Sciences, College of Arts, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Working with Individual and Families, Faculty of Social Work, Helwan University, Helwan 11795, Egypt
| | - Sofian T. Obeidat
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Rania Fathy Mohamed
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.A.); (A.A.A.); (R.F.M.)
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Hu Z, Ahmed AA, Yau C. CIDER: an interpretable meta-clustering framework for single-cell RNA-seq data integration and evaluation. Genome Biol 2021; 22:337. [PMID: 34903266 PMCID: PMC8667531 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-021-02561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clustering of joint single-cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) data is often challenged by confounding factors, such as batch effects and biologically relevant variability. Existing batch effect removal methods typically require strong assumptions on the composition of cell populations being near identical across samples. Here, we present CIDER, a meta-clustering workflow based on inter-group similarity measures. We demonstrate that CIDER outperforms other scRNA-Seq clustering methods and integration approaches in both simulated and real datasets. Moreover, we show that CIDER can be used to assess the biological correctness of integration in real datasets, while it does not require the existence of prior cellular annotations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Hu
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
- Current Address: MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
| | - Christopher Yau
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
- Alan Turing Institute, London, NW1 2DB, UK.
- Health Data Research UK, Gibbs Building, 215 Euston Road, London, NW1 2BE, UK.
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Alhaydary E, Yousif E, Al-Mashhadani MH, Ahmed DS, Jawad AH, Bufaroosha M, Ahmed AA. Sulfamethoxazole as a ligand to synthesize di- and tri-alkyltin(IV) complexes and using as excellent photo-stabilizers for PVC. J Polym Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02822-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kaufmann CK, Ahmed AA, Kassem MK, Freynhofer MF, Jaeger BJ, Aicher GA, Equiluz-Bruck SE, Spiel AS, Vafai-Tabrizi FV, Gschwantler MG, Fasching PF, Wojta JW, Giannitsis EG, Huber KH. Improvement of outcome prediction of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 by a dual marker strategy using high-sensitive cardiac troponin I and copeptin. Eur Heart J 2021. [PMCID: PMC8767585 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has been associated with a high prevalence of myocardial injury and increased cardiovascular morbidity. Copeptin, a marker of vasopressin release, has been previously established as a risk marker in both infectious and cardiovascular disease. Purpose Investigate the prognostic impact of copeptin and high-sensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) in COVID-19. Methods This prospective, observational study of patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection was conducted from June 6th to November 26th, 2020 in a tertiary care hospital. Copeptin and hs-cTnI levels on admission were collected and tested for their association with the primary composite endpoint of ICU admission or 28-day mortality. Results A total of 213 eligible patients with COVID-19 were included of whom 55 (25.8%) reached the primary endpoint. Median levels of copeptin and hs-cTnI at admission were significantly higher in patients with an adverse outcome (Copeptin 29.6 pmol/L, [IQR, 16.2–77.8] vs 17.2 pmol/L [IQR, 7.4–41.0] and hs-cTnI 22.8 ng/L [IQR, 11.5–97.5] vs 10.2 ng/L [5.5–23.1], P<0.001 respectively). ROC analysis demonstrated an optimal cut-off of 19.6 pmol/L for copeptin and 16.2 ng/L for hs-cTnI and an increase of either biomarker was significantly associated with the primary endpoint. The combination of raised hs-cTnI and copeptin yielded a superior prognostic value to individual measurement of biomarkers and was a strong prognostic marker upon multivariable logistic regression analysis (OR 4.274 [95% CI, 1.995–9.154], P<0.001). Addition of copeptin and hs-cTnI to established risk models improved C-statistics and net reclassification indices. Conclusion The combination of raised copeptin and hs-cTnI upon admission is an independent predictor of deterioration (ICU admission) or 28-day mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Bürgermeisterfond der Stadt WienLudwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular ResearchAssociation for the Promotion of Research on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology (ATVB)
Copeptin and hs-cTnI in COVID-19 ![]() Biomarker based risk assessment ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A A Ahmed
- Wilhelminen Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A S Spiel
- Wilhelminen Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - K H Huber
- Wilhelminen Hospital, Vienna, Austria
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Althwab SA, Ahmed AA, Rasheed Z, Alkhowailed M, Hershan A, Alsagaby S, Alblihed MA, Alaqeel A, Alrehaili J, Alhumaydhi FA, Alkhamiss A, Abdulmonem WA. ATP2B1 genotypes rs2070759 and rs2681472 polymorphisms and risk of hypertension in Saudi population. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2021; 40:1075-1089. [PMID: 34486947 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2021.1973034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examined an association of ATP2B1 gene polymorphism and hypertension in the Saudi population. The 246 hypertensive cases and 300 healthy human controls were genotyped. The results showed that genotypes rs.207075 (CA + AA) [p = 0.05; OR: 95% CI, 1.5:(1.0 to 2.4) and p = 0.001, OR: 95% CI, 2.4: (1.5 to 4.0) and rs2681472 (CT + TT) [p = 0.05; OR: 95% CI, 1.5 (1.0 to 2.4) and p = 0.006 OR: 95% CI, 2.0 (1.2 to 3.1) respectively] associated with the risk of hypertension. Cases carrying the recessive models: [(CA + AA)/(CT + TT)] and [(AA)/(TT)] genotypes confer a strong susceptibility risk of hypertension [p = 0.002; OR: (95%CI) 1.8 (1.2 to 2.6) and p = 0.001; OR: (95%CI) 2.6 (1.5 to 4.7) respectively]. However, cases with body-mass-index (BMI)<25, carrying homozygous mutant genotypes [AA, rs2070759, p = 0.007; OR: (95%CI) 2.75(1.37 to 5.5) and (TT, rs2681472, p = 0.05; OR: (95%CI) 1.96 (1.03 to 3.72)] as well as A allele of rs2070759 [p = 0.006; OR: (95%CI) 1.62 (1.16 to 2.25)] and T allele of rs2681472, p = 0.04, 1.43(1.03 to 1.98)] showed a significant association with high risk of hypertension. In short, a significant association between ATP2B1 gene polymorphism and risk of hypertension was noticed. In addition, individuals carrying recessive genotypes have greater risk in developing hypertension than those carrying dominant genotypes. Moreover, cases with high-risk BMI associated with ATP2B1 variants may play a critical role in developing hypertension.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15257770.2021.1973034 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami A Althwab
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Biotechnology Unit, Center of Medical Research, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alkhowailed
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Almonther Hershan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, The University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratories, Central Biosciences Research Laboratories, College of Science in Al Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamd A Alblihed
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aqeel Alaqeel
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jihad Alrehaili
- Pathology Department, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alkhamiss
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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Jasem H, Hadi AG, El-Hiti GA, Baashen MA, Hashim H, Ahmed AA, Ahmed DS, Yousif E. Tin-Naphthalene Sulfonic Acid Complexes as Photostabilizers for Poly(vinyl chloride). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123629. [PMID: 34198519 PMCID: PMC8231842 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(vinyl chloride) degrades when exposed to ultraviolet light for long durations; therefore, the photostability of polymeric materials should be enhanced through the application of additives. New organotin complexes containing 4-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid were synthesized and their role as poly(vinyl chloride) photostabilizers were evaluated. The reaction of 4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid and appropriate di- or trisubstituted tin chloride (triphenyltin chloride, tributyltin chloride, dibutyltin dichloride, and dimethyltin dichloride) in methanol under reflux gave the corresponding tin-naphthalene complexes with yields of 75%-95%. Elemental analyses and spectroscopic techniques including infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance (proton and tin) were used to confirm their structures. The tin complexes were added to poly(vinyl chloride) to produce thin films that irradiated with ultraviolet light. Various parameters were assessed, such as the weight loss, formation of specific functional groups, changes in the surface due to photoirradiation, and rate constant of photodegradation, to test the role played by the organotin complexes to reduce photodegradation in polymeric films. The results proved that organotin complexes acted as photostabilizers in these circumstances. The weight loss, formation of fragments containing specific functional groups, and undesirable changes in the surface of polymeric films were limited in the presence of organotin complexes. Organotin complexes containing three phenyl groups showed the most desirable stabilization effect. These act as efficient primary and secondary photostabilizers, and as decomposers for peroxides. In addition, such an additive inhibits the dehydrochlorination process, which is the main cause of poly(vinyl chloride) photodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer Jasem
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon 51002, Iraq; (H.J.); (A.G.H.)
| | - Angham G. Hadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon 51002, Iraq; (H.J.); (A.G.H.)
| | - Gamal A. El-Hiti
- Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-11469-3778; Fax: +966-11469-3536
| | - Mohammed A. Baashen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Dawadmi 11911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hassan Hashim
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq;
| | - Ahmed A. Ahmed
- Polymer Research Unit, College of Science, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Iraq;
| | - Dina S. Ahmed
- Department of Medical Instrumentation Engineering, Al-Mansour University College, Baghdad 10067, Iraq;
| | - Emad Yousif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq;
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Morotti M, Albukhari A, Alsaadi A, Artibani M, Brenton JD, Curbishley SM, Dong T, Dustin ML, Hu Z, McGranahan N, Miller ML, Santana-Gonzalez L, Seymour LW, Shi T, Van Loo P, Yau C, White H, Wietek N, Church DN, Wedge DC, Ahmed AA. Promises and challenges of adoptive T-cell therapies for solid tumours. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:1759-1776. [PMID: 33782566 PMCID: PMC8144577 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and, despite new targeted therapies and immunotherapies, many patients with advanced-stage- or high-risk cancers still die, owing to metastatic disease. Adoptive T-cell therapy, involving the autologous or allogeneic transplant of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes or genetically modified T cells expressing novel T-cell receptors or chimeric antigen receptors, has shown promise in the treatment of cancer patients, leading to durable responses and, in some cases, cure. Technological advances in genomics, computational biology, immunology and cell manufacturing have brought the aspiration of individualised therapies for cancer patients closer to reality. This new era of cell-based individualised therapeutics challenges the traditional standards of therapeutic interventions and provides opportunities for a paradigm shift in our approach to cancer therapy. Invited speakers at a 2020 symposium discussed three areas-cancer genomics, cancer immunology and cell-therapy manufacturing-that are essential to the effective translation of T-cell therapies in the treatment of solid malignancies. Key advances have been made in understanding genetic intratumour heterogeneity, and strategies to accurately identify neoantigens, overcome T-cell exhaustion and circumvent tumour immunosuppression after cell-therapy infusion are being developed. Advances are being made in cell-manufacturing approaches that have the potential to establish cell-therapies as credible therapeutic options. T-cell therapies face many challenges but hold great promise for improving clinical outcomes for patients with solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Morotti
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ashwag Albukhari
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkhaliq Alsaadi
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mara Artibani
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James D Brenton
- Functional Genomics of Ovarian Cancer Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stuart M Curbishley
- Advanced Therapies Facility and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tao Dong
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael L Dustin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zhiyuan Hu
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicholas McGranahan
- Cancer Genome Evolution Research Group, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Martin L Miller
- Cancer System Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura Santana-Gonzalez
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Leonard W Seymour
- Gene Therapy Group, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tingyan Shi
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter Van Loo
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Christopher Yau
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, UK
| | - Helen White
- Patient Representative, Endometrial Cancer Genomics England Clinical Interpretation Partnership (GeCIP) Domain, London, UK
| | - Nina Wietek
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David N Church
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK.
| | - David C Wedge
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK.
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK.
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Xie B, Khoyratty TE, Abu-Shah E, F Cespedes P, MacLean AJ, Pirgova G, Hu Z, Ahmed AA, Dustin ML, Udalova IA, Arnon TI. The Zinc Finger Protein Zbtb18 Represses Expression of Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Subunits and Inhibits Plasma Cell Differentiation. J Immunol 2021; 206:1515-1527. [PMID: 33608456 PMCID: PMC7980533 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Zinc finger protein, Zbtb18, is downregulated during PC differentiation. Enhanced expression of Zbtb18 leads to impaired PC development. Zbtb18 directly binds and inhibits expression of PI3K subunits.
The PI3K pathway plays a key role in B cell activation and is important for the differentiation of Ab producing plasma cells (PCs). Although much is known about the molecular mechanisms that modulate PI3K signaling in B cells, the transcriptional regulation of PI3K expression is poorly understood. In this study, we identify the zinc finger protein Zbtb18 as a transcriptional repressor that directly binds enhancer/promoter regions of genes encoding class I PI3K regulatory subunits, subsequently limiting their expression, dampening PI3K signaling and suppressing PC responses. Following activation, dividing B cells progressively downregulated Zbtb18, allowing gradual amplification of PI3K signals and enhanced development of PCs. Human Zbtb18 displayed similar expression patterns and function in human B cells, acting to inhibit development of PCs. Furthermore, a number of Zbtb18 mutants identified in cancer patients showed loss of suppressor activity, which was also accompanied by impaired regulation of PI3K genes. Taken together, our study identifies Zbtb18 as a repressor of PC differentiation and reveals its previously unappreciated function as a transcription modulator of the PI3K signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xie
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Tariq E Khoyratty
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Enas Abu-Shah
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Pablo F Cespedes
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Andrew J MacLean
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Gabriela Pirgova
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Zhiyuan Hu
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Michael L Dustin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Irina A Udalova
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Tal I Arnon
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
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Zafrah FB, Mohiuddin K, Ahmed AA, Alajab AA, A.Nasr O. Asynchronous learning techniques during the COVID 19 Pandemic. Int Res J multidiscip Technovation 2021:39-48. [DOI: 10.34256/irjmt2127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to summarize the capabilities available in learning techniques that can be used in managing the educational process in all academic disciplines during the Corona pandemic (Covid 19). In this research, the blackboard system and the Moodle system were chosen to highlight the capabilities available in it through three axes: Teaching strategies Used in the administration and delivery of the course, and the evaluation methods that are used to evaluate the performance of students in the course, and the last axis is to ensure the quality of the educational process by following up the educational process from the concerned administration.
The study relied on the exploratory descriptive approach to identify the types of teaching strategies used and classify them according to their support for the majors, as well as the methods of evaluation of students ’performance in the course according to the scientific specializations by examining many types of research to sort and classify teaching strategies and evaluation methods for scientific specialties according to the opinions of the studies that have been relied upon.
The study revealed that there are about 28 teaching styles that can be used in the four main practical disciplines, which are arts and humanities, education in the medical field, science and engineering, and social sciences. The study also showed the mechanism of implementing these methods through the tools available on the Blackboard Learning Management System and the Moodle Learning Management System.
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Santana Gonzalez L, Rota IA, Artibani M, Morotti M, Hu Z, Wietek N, Alsaadi A, Albukhari A, Sauka-Spengler T, Ahmed AA. Mechanistic Drivers of Müllerian Duct Development and Differentiation Into the Oviduct. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:605301. [PMID: 33763415 PMCID: PMC7982813 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.605301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The conduits of life; the animal oviducts and human fallopian tubes are of paramount importance for reproduction in amniotes. They connect the ovary with the uterus and are essential for fertility. They provide the appropriate environment for gamete maintenance, fertilization and preimplantation embryonic development. However, serious pathologies, such as ectopic pregnancy, malignancy and severe infections, occur in the oviducts. They can have drastic effects on fertility, and some are life-threatening. Despite the crucial importance of the oviducts in life, relatively little is known about the molecular drivers underpinning the embryonic development of their precursor structures, the Müllerian ducts, and their successive differentiation and maturation. The Müllerian ducts are simple rudimentary tubes comprised of an epithelial lumen surrounded by a mesenchymal layer. They differentiate into most of the adult female reproductive tract (FRT). The earliest sign of Müllerian duct formation is the thickening of the anterior mesonephric coelomic epithelium to form a placode of two distinct progenitor cells. It is proposed that one subset of progenitor cells undergoes partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT), differentiating into immature Müllerian luminal cells, and another subset undergoes complete EMT to become Müllerian mesenchymal cells. These cells invaginate and proliferate forming the Müllerian ducts. Subsequently, pEMT would be reversed to generate differentiated epithelial cells lining the fully formed Müllerian lumen. The anterior Müllerian epithelial cells further specialize into the oviduct epithelial subtypes. This review highlights the key established molecular and genetic determinants of the processes involved in Müllerian duct development and the differentiation of its upper segment into oviducts. Furthermore, an extensive genome-wide survey of mouse knockout lines displaying Müllerian or oviduct phenotypes was undertaken. In addition to widely established genetic determinants of Müllerian duct development, our search has identified surprising associations between loss-of-function of several genes and high-penetrance abnormalities in the Müllerian duct and/or oviducts. Remarkably, these associations have not been investigated in any detail. Finally, we discuss future directions for research on Müllerian duct development and oviducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Santana Gonzalez
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ioanna A Rota
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Developmental Immunology Research Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mara Artibani
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Gene Regulatory Networks in Development and Disease Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Matteo Morotti
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zhiyuan Hu
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nina Wietek
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulkhaliq Alsaadi
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ashwag Albukhari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tatjana Sauka-Spengler
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Gene Regulatory Networks in Development and Disease Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Salama RH, Rasheed Z, Ahmed AA, Bin Saif GA, Elkholy MM, Abd El-Moniem AE, Salem T, Zedan K, Al Robaee AA, Alzolibani AA. Missense, silent, non-sense and frame-shift mutations in exon 3 of the filaggrin gene in patients with bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and mixed atopy. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2021; 40:357-367. [PMID: 33538231 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2021.1880009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the atopic march on the basis of genetics. This research detected 227 variants in the filaggrin gene (FLG gene). Missense, silent, non-sense, frame-shift and non-coding mutations were detected in exon 3 of the FLG gene in patients with bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and mixed atopy. Missense mutation was detected at c.8343 G > C (p. Asp2781Glu) in all adult asthmatic and allergic rhinitis patients. Whereas, mutation at c.8360 C > T/A (p. Arg2787 His/Leu) was detected in all childhood asthmatic and mixed atopic patients. A non-coding mutation was detected at c.12365 in atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma patients. Furthermore, DNA sequencing of asthmatic and mixed atopic patients showed missense mutations at c.6073 C > T (p. Gly2025Glu) and a silent mutation at c. 8341 G > A (p. Asp2781Asp).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragaa H Salama
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada A Bin Saif
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha M Elkholy
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa E Abd El-Moniem
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Salem
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Zedan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Al Robaee
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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Fan D, Yang H, Mao W, Rask PJ, Pang L, Xu C, Vankayalapat H, Ahmed AA, Bast RC, Lu Z. A Novel Salt Inducible Kinase 2 Inhibitor, ARN-3261, Sensitizes Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines and Xenografts to Carboplatin. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030446. [PMID: 33503955 PMCID: PMC7865895 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt-induced kinase 2 (SIK2) is a serine-threonine kinase that regulates centrosome splitting, activation of PI3 kinase and phosphorylation of class IIa HDACs, affecting gene expression. Previously, we found that inhibition of SIK2 enhanced sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel. Carboplatin and paclitaxel constitute first-line therapy for most patients with ovarian carcinoma, producing a 70% clinical response rate, but curing <20% of patients with advanced disease. We have asked whether inhibition of SIK2 with ARN-3261 enhances sensitivity to carboplatin in ovarian cancer cell lines and xenograft models. ARN-3261-induced DNA damage and apoptosis were measured with γ-H2AX accumulation, comet assays, and annexin V. ARN-3261 inhibited growth of eight ovarian cancer cell lines at an IC50 of 0.8 to 3.5 µM. ARN-3261 significantly enhanced sensitivity to carboplatin in seven of eight ovarian cancer cell lines and a carboplatin-resistant cell line tested. Furthermore, ARN-3261 in combination with carboplatin produced greater inhibition of tumor growth than carboplatin alone in SKOv3 and OVCAR8 ovarian cancer xenograft models. ARN-3261 enhanced DNA damage and apoptosis by downregulating expression of survivin. Thus, a SIK2 kinase inhibitor enhanced carboplatin-induced therapy in preclinical models of ovarian cancer and deserves further evaluation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengxuan Fan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (D.F.); (H.Y.); (W.M.); (P.J.R.); (L.P.)
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hailing Yang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (D.F.); (H.Y.); (W.M.); (P.J.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Weiqun Mao
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (D.F.); (H.Y.); (W.M.); (P.J.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Philip J. Rask
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (D.F.); (H.Y.); (W.M.); (P.J.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Lan Pang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (D.F.); (H.Y.); (W.M.); (P.J.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Congjian Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | | | - Ahmed A. Ahmed
- The Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK;
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK
| | - Robert C. Bast
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (D.F.); (H.Y.); (W.M.); (P.J.R.); (L.P.)
- Correspondence: (R.C.B.J.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +1-713-792-7743 (R.C.B.J. & Z.L.); Fax: +1-713-792-7864 (R.C.B.J. & Z.L.)
| | - Zhen Lu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (D.F.); (H.Y.); (W.M.); (P.J.R.); (L.P.)
- Correspondence: (R.C.B.J.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +1-713-792-7743 (R.C.B.J. & Z.L.); Fax: +1-713-792-7864 (R.C.B.J. & Z.L.)
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Ahmed AA, Goris MGA, Meijer MC. Development of lipL32 real-time PCR combined with an internal and extraction control for pathogenic Leptospira detection. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241584. [PMID: 33137154 PMCID: PMC7605690 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
At least two real-time PCRs for the early diagnosis of leptospirosis have been described, evaluated and validated. However, at least one other report suggested adaptation and modification of primers and probes used in these assays since additional Leptospira species have been described and the primers and probe in use possess a serious mismatch to corresponding target sequence. In this study we developed a real-time PCR for detection of pathogenic Leptospira based on the lipL32 gene. The present method consists of generic primers and probes based on target sequence of 10 pathogenic Leptospira species including Leptospira interrogans. The hybridization, annealing and extension temperature (60°C) were optimized as the optimal temperature of the DNA polymerase enzyme which is used in the amplification reaction. The present assay has a high analytical sensitivity and specificity; the calculated diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 93.0% and 98.3% respectively. Moreover, the present method includes an internal control which enables easy detection of false negative results and an optional extraction control which enables the estimation of the DNA extraction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. Ahmed
- Department of Medical Microbiology, OIE and National Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Marga G. A. Goris
- Department of Medical Microbiology, OIE and National Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marije C. Meijer
- Department of Medical Microbiology, OIE and National Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Lu Z, Mso W, Santiago-O'Farrill JM, Yang H, Pang L, Ahmed AA, Vankayalapati H, Bast RC. Abstract 5210: Novel SIK2 inhibitors sensitize ovarian and breast cancer to PARP inhibitors. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-5210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Genomic instability is a recognized hallmark of cancer. Germline mutations in critical DNA-repair and DNA-damage response genes predispose to cancer development, but also create vulnerabilities that can be exploited for cancer therapy. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are selectively active in cells with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) caused by mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, and other DNA repair genes. PARP inhibitors elicit significant responses in ovarian and breast cancers from BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. However, many cancers that initially respond to PARP inhibitors eventually develop drug resistance. Thus, it is important to develop new strategies to enhance PARP inhibitor sensitivity and to increase the duration of response. We have identified Salt Induced Kinase 2 (SIK2) inhibitors (ARN3236 and ARN3261) that induce double strand breaks (DSBs) in DNA of HR-competent cells and produce synthetic lethality with multiple PARP inhibitors. SIK2 is an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-related protein kinase that is required for ovarian cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. SIK2 is overexpressed and correlates with poor prognosis in patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma and triple negative breast cancer. SIK2 inhibition enhances paclitaxel sensitivity in both cancer types. We have demonstrated that olaparib-induced-growth inhibition was significantly enhanced by concurrent treatment with either ARN3236 or ARN3261 in each of 12 ovarian and breast cancer cell lines tested, but not in 3 non-tumorigenic cell lines. Co-administration of olaparib with SIK2 inhibitors suppressed tumor growth and increased the survival of mice with human ovarian (OC316) and breast (MDA-MB-231) cancer xenografts without affecting animal weight. ARN3261 produced little toxicity in preclinical toxicology studies. SIK2 inhibitors decrease the phosphorylation of class-IIa HDAC4/5/7 and abolish class-IIa HDAC 4/5/7-associated transcriptional activity of Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2D (MEF2D). Genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) sequencing revealed that SIK2 inhibitors reduce MEF2D binding to regulatory regions with high-chromatin accessibility in DNA repair genes, including FANCD2, EXO1 and XRCC4, resulting in repression of critical genes in DNA DSB repair pathway and induction of apoptosis. In addition, SIK2 inhibitors significantly decreased olaparib-mediated PARP activity and enhanced olaparib-induced cytotoxicity. Together, our data argue that the combination of a SIK2 inhibitor and a PARP inhibitor has the potential to increase the magnitude and duration of PARP inhibitor activity with tolerable toxicity. Use of a SIK2 inhibitor in combination with a PARP inhibitor provides a novel therapeutic strategy for ovarian and triple negative breast cancers with or without BRCA gene mutation.
Citation Format: Zhen Lu, Weiqun Mso, Janice M. Santiago-O'Farrill, Hailing Yang, Lan Pang, Ahmed A. Ahmed, Hariprasad Vankayalapati, Robert C. Bast Jr. Novel SIK2 inhibitors sensitize ovarian and breast cancer to PARP inhibitors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 5210.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lu
- 1UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Weiqun Mso
- 1UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Lan Pang
- 1UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Ahmed AA, Elmohr MM, Fuentes D, Habra MA, Fisher SB, Perrier ND, Zhang M, Elsayes KM. Radiomic mapping model for prediction of Ki-67 expression in adrenocortical carcinoma. Clin Radiol 2020; 75:479.e17-479.e22. [PMID: 32089260 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the value of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT)-derived radiomic features in the preoperative prediction of Ki-67 expression in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and to detect significant associations between radiomic features and Ki-67 expression in ACC. MATERIALS AND METHODS For this retrospective analysis, patients with histopathologically proven ACC were reviewed. Radiomic features were extracted for all patients from the preoperative contrast-enhanced abdominal CT images. Statistical analysis identified the radiomic features predicting the Ki-67 index in ACC and analysed the correlation with the Ki-67 index. RESULTS Fifty-three cases of ACC that met eligibility criteria were identified and analysed. Of the radiomic features analysed, 10 showed statistically significant differences between the high and low Ki-67 expression subgroups. Multivariate linear regression analysis yielded a predictive model showing a significant association between radiomic signature and Ki-67 expression status in ACC (R2=0.67, adjusted R2=0.462, p=0.002). Further analysis of the independent predictors showed statistically significant correlation between Ki-67 expression and shape flatness, elongation, and grey-level long run emphasis (p=0.002, 0.01, and 0.04, respectively). The area under the curve for identification of high Ki-67 expression status was 0.78 for shape flatness and 0.7 for shape elongation. CONCLUSION Radiomic features derived from preoperative contrast-enhanced CT images show encouraging results in the prediction of the Ki-67 index in patients with ACC. Morphological features, such as shape flatness and elongation, were superior to other radiomic features in the detection of high Ki-67 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M M Elmohr
- Department Imaging Physics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - D Fuentes
- Department Imaging Physics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M A Habra
- Department Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - S B Fisher
- Department Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - N D Perrier
- Department Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M Zhang
- Department Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - K M Elsayes
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Ahmed AA, Rasheed Z, Salem T, Al-Dhubaibi MS, Al Robaee AA, Alzolibani AA. TNF-α - 308 G/A and IFN-γ + 874 A/T gene polymorphisms in Saudi patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis. BMC Med Genet 2020; 21:104. [PMID: 32404058 PMCID: PMC7218653 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-01043-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is well linked with immunogenetic factors. This study was undertaken to test the association of TNF-α - 308 and IFN-γ + 874 gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility of Leishmania (L) species among CL patients in central region of Saudi Arabia. METHODS This is a case-control study involved 169 Saudi subjects with different L. species and 199 healthy controls from central region of Saudi Arabia. All subjects were characterized by TNF-α - 308 G/A and IFN-γ + 874 A/T gene polymorphisms using PCR. RESULTS Evaluation of genotyping and allelic frequency of TNF-α - 308 G/A in different L. species showed no significant association compared to controls (p > 0.05). Except, in cases of L. tropica that showed significantly higher TNF-α - 308 A versus G allele frequency (p = 0.0004). Evaluation of genotyping of IFN-γ + 874 (TT versus AA+AT recessive) and allelic frequency of IFN-γ + 874 (T versus A) showed significant higher in L. major and also in total CL cases as compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a strong association was observed between the susceptibility of L. major, L. tropica or total CL cases with synergistically combined high TNF-α 308/INF-γ 874 alleles. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report that shows the gene polymorphisms of TNF-α - 308 G/A and IFN-γ + 874 A/T in Saudi patients with different L. species infections. Data showed that the TNF-α-308 G/A gene polymorphism is not associated with the susceptibility of CL in Saudi subjects. The only correlation was found in between A versus G allelic frequency in L. tropica. Importantly, IFN-γ + 874 A/T polymorphism was found to be associated with the susceptibility of L. major and also with total CL subjects. Moreover, data from synergistically combined high TNF-α 308/INF-γ 874 alleles strongly suggest their potential role in the susceptibility of leishmania infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Ahmed
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6655, Buraidah, KSA, 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tarek Salem
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6655, Buraidah, KSA, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Al-Dhubaibi
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Al Robaee
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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Prota G, Gileadi U, Rei M, Lechuga-Vieco AV, Chen JL, Galiani S, Bedard M, Lau VWC, Fanchi LF, Artibani M, Hu Z, Gordon S, Rehwinkel J, Enríquez JA, Ahmed AA, Schumacher TN, Cerundolo V. Enhanced Immunogenicity of Mitochondrial-Localized Proteins in Cancer Cells. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 8:685-697. [PMID: 32205315 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epitopes derived from mutated cancer proteins elicit strong antitumor T-cell responses that correlate with clinical efficacy in a proportion of patients. However, it remains unclear whether the subcellular localization of mutated proteins influences the efficiency of T-cell priming. To address this question, we compared the immunogenicity of NY-ESO-1 and OVA localized either in the cytosol or in mitochondria. We showed that tumors expressing mitochondrial-localized NY-ESO-1 and OVA proteins elicit significantdly higher frequencies of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in vivo. We also demonstrated that this stronger immune response is dependent on the mitochondrial location of the antigenic proteins, which contributes to their higher steady-state amount, compared with cytosolic localized proteins. Consistent with these findings, we showed that injection of mitochondria purified from B16 melanoma cells can protect mice from a challenge with B16 cells, but not with irrelevant tumors. Finally, we extended these findings to cancer patients by demonstrating the presence of T-cell responses specific for mutated mitochondrial-localized proteins. These findings highlight the utility of prioritizing epitopes derived from mitochondrial-localized mutated proteins as targets for cancer vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Prota
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Uzi Gileadi
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Margarida Rei
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Victoria Lechuga-Vieco
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ji-Li Chen
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Galiani
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa Bedard
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vivian Wing Chong Lau
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo F Fanchi
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mara Artibani
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - Zhiyuan Hu
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - Siamon Gordon
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Chang Gung University, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Jan Rehwinkel
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jose A Enríquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - Ton N Schumacher
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Cerundolo
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Mohammed A, El-Hiti GA, Yousif E, Ahmed AA, Ahmed DS, Alotaibi MH. Protection of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Films against Photodegradation Using Various Valsartan Tin Complexes. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12040969. [PMID: 32326307 PMCID: PMC7240378 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(vinyl chloride) is a common plastic that is widely used in many industrial applications. Poly(vinyl chloride) is mixed with additives to improve its mechanical and physical properties and to enable its use in harsh environments. Herein, to protect poly(vinyl chloride) films against photoirradiation with ultraviolet light, a number of tin complexes containing valsartan were synthesized and their chemical structures were established. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, weight loss, and molecular weight determination showed that the non-desirable changes were lower in the films containing the tin complexes than for the blank polymeric films. Analysis of the surface morphology of the irradiated polymeric materials showed that the films containing additives were less rough than the irradiated blank film. The tin complexes protected the poly(vinyl chloride) films against irradiation, where the complexes with high aromaticity were particularly effective. The additives act as primary and secondary stabilizers that absorb the incident radiation and slowly remit it to the polymeric chain as heat energy over time at a harmless level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq;
| | - Gamal A. El-Hiti
- Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (G.A.E.-H.); (E.Y.); (M.H.A.); Tel.: +966-11469-3778 (G.A.E.-H.); Fax: +966-11469-3536 (G.A.E.-H.)
| | - Emad Yousif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq;
- Correspondence: (G.A.E.-H.); (E.Y.); (M.H.A.); Tel.: +966-11469-3778 (G.A.E.-H.); Fax: +966-11469-3536 (G.A.E.-H.)
| | - Ahmed A. Ahmed
- Polymer Research Unit, College of Science, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Iraq;
| | - Dina S. Ahmed
- Department of Medical Instrumentation Engineering, Al-Mansour University College, Baghdad 64021, Iraq;
| | - Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi
- National Center for Petrochemicals Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (G.A.E.-H.); (E.Y.); (M.H.A.); Tel.: +966-11469-3778 (G.A.E.-H.); Fax: +966-11469-3536 (G.A.E.-H.)
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45
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KaramiNejadRanjbar M, Sharifzadeh S, Wietek NC, Artibani M, El-Sahhar S, Sauka-Spengler T, Yau C, Tresp V, Ahmed AA. A highly accurate platform for clone-specific mutation discovery enables the study of active mutational processes. eLife 2020; 9:55207. [PMID: 32255426 PMCID: PMC7228773 DOI: 10.7554/elife.55207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bulk whole genome sequencing (WGS) enables the analysis of tumor evolution but, because of depth limitations, can only identify old mutational events. The discovery of current mutational processes for predicting the tumor’s evolutionary trajectory requires dense sequencing of individual clones or single cells. Such studies, however, are inherently problematic because of the discovery of excessive false positive (FP) mutations when sequencing picogram quantities of DNA. Data pooling to increase the confidence in the discovered mutations, moves the discovery back in the past to a common ancestor. Here we report a robust WGS and analysis pipeline (DigiPico/MutLX) that virtually eliminates all F results while retaining an excellent proportion of true positives. Using our method, we identified, for the first time, a hyper-mutation (kataegis) event in a group of ∼30 cancer cells from a recurrent ovarian carcinoma. This was unidentifiable from the bulk WGS data. Overall, we propose DigiPico/MutLX method as a powerful framework for the identification of clone-specific variants at an unprecedented accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad KaramiNejadRanjbar
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nina C Wietek
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mara Artibani
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Salma El-Sahhar
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tatjana Sauka-Spengler
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Yau
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Volker Tresp
- Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Siemens AG, Corporate Technology, Munich, Germany
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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46
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Altheimer K, Jongwattanapisan P, Luengyosluechakul S, Pusoonthornthum R, Prapasarakul N, Kurilung A, Broens EM, Wagenaar JA, Goris MGA, Ahmed AA, Pantchev N, Reese S, Hartmann K. Leptospira infection and shedding in dogs in Thailand. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:89. [PMID: 32178664 PMCID: PMC7077098 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-2230-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonosis and has been recognized as a re-emerging infectious disease in humans and dogs, but prevalence of Leptospira shedding in dogs in Thailand is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine urinary shedding of Leptospira in dogs in Thailand, to evaluate antibody prevalence by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and to assess risk factors for Leptospira infection. In Northern, Northeastern, and Central Thailand, 273 stray (n = 119) or client-owned (n = 154) dogs from rural (n = 139) or urban (n = 134) areas were randomly included. Dogs that had received antibiotics within 4 weeks prior to sampling were excluded. No dog had received vaccination against Leptospira. Urine was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) specific for lipL32 gene of pathogenic Leptospira. Additionally, urine was cultured for 6 months in Ellinghausen-McCullough-Johnson-Harris (EMJH) medium. Antibodies were measured by ELISA and MAT against 24 serovars belonging to 15 serogroups and 1 undesignated serogroup. Risk factor analysis was performed with backwards stepwise selection based on Wald. RESULTS Twelve of 273 (4.4%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.0-6.8%) urine samples were PCR-positive. In 1/273 dogs (0.4%; 95% CI: 0.01-1.1%) Leptospira could be cultured from urine. MAT detected antibodies in 33/273 dogs (12.1%; 95% CI: 8.2-16.0%) against 19 different serovars (Anhoa, Australis, Ballum, Bataviae, Bratislava, Broomi, Canicola, Copenhageni, Coxi, Grippotyphosa, Haemolytica, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Khorat, Paidjan, Patoc, Pyrogenes, Rachmati, Saxkoebing, Sejroe). In 111/252 dogs (44.0%; 95% CI: 37.9-50.2%) immunoglobulin M (IgM) and/or immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were found by ELISA. Female dogs had a significantly higher risk for Leptospira infection (p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS Leptospira shedding occurs in randomly sampled dogs in Thailand, with infection rates comparable to those of Europe and the USA. Therefore, the potential zoonotic risk should not be underestimated and use of Leptospira vaccines are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Altheimer
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinaerstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Prapaporn Jongwattanapisan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supol Luengyosluechakul
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rosama Pusoonthornthum
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nuvee Prapasarakul
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alongkorn Kurilung
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Els M. Broens
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap A. Wagenaar
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands
| | - Marga G. A. Goris
- OIE and National Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ahmed A. Ahmed
- OIE and National Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Sven Reese
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Hartmann
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinaerstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
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47
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Hadi AG, Jawad K, El-Hiti GA, Alotaibi MH, Ahmed AA, Ahmed DS, Yousif E. Photostabilization of Poly(vinyl chloride) by Organotin(IV) Compounds against Photodegradation. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193557. [PMID: 31581427 PMCID: PMC6804033 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), a polymer widely used in common household and industrial materials, undergoes photodegradation upon ultraviolet irradiation, leading to undesirable physicochemical properties and a reduced lifetime. In this study, four telmisartan organotin(IV) compounds were tested as photostabilizers against photodegradation. PVC films (40-µm thickness) containing these compounds (0.5 wt%) were irradiated with ultraviolet light at room temperature for up to 300 h. Changes in various polymeric parameters, including the growth of hydroxyl, carbonyl, and alkene functional groups, weight loss, reduction in molecular weight, and appearance of surface irregularities, were investigated to test the efficiency of the photostabilizers. The changes were more noticeable in the blank PVC film than in the films containing the telmisartan organotin(IV) compounds. These results reflect that these compounds effectively inhibit the photodegradation of PVC, possibly by acting as hydrogen chloride and radical scavengers, peroxide decomposers, and primary photostabilizers. The synthesized organotin(IV) complexes could be used as PVC additives to enhance photostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angham G Hadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Babylon University, Babil 51002, Iraq.
| | - Khudheyer Jawad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Babylon University, Babil 51002, Iraq.
| | - Gamal A El-Hiti
- Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi
- National Center for Petrochemicals Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Polymer Research Unit, College of Science, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Iraq.
| | - Dina S Ahmed
- Department of Medical Instrumentation Engineering, Al-Mansour University College, Baghdad 64021, Iraq.
| | - Emad Yousif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq.
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48
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Yang H, Shu Z, Jiang Y, Mao W, Pang L, Redwood A, Jeter-Jones SL, Jennings NB, Ornelas A, Zhou J, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Bartholomeusz G, Iles LR, Zacharias NM, Millward SW, Lopez-Berestein G, Le XF, Ahmed AA, Piwnica-Worms H, Sood AK, Bast RC, Lu Z. 6-Phosphofructo-2-Kinase/Fructose-2,6-Biphosphatase-2 Regulates TP53-Dependent Paclitaxel Sensitivity in Ovarian and Breast Cancers. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:5702-5716. [PMID: 31391192 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Paclitaxel is an integral component of primary therapy for breast and epithelial ovarian cancers, but less than half of these cancers respond to the drug. Enhancing the response to primary therapy with paclitaxel could improve outcomes for women with both diseases.Experimental Design: Twelve kinases that regulate metabolism were depleted in multiple ovarian and breast cancer cell lines to determine whether they regulate sensitivity to paclitaxel in Sulforhodamine B assays. The effects of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 2 (PFKFB2) depletion on cell metabolomics, extracellular acidification rate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis were studied in multiple ovarian and breast cancer cell lines. Four breast and ovarian human xenografts and a breast cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) were used to examine the knockdown effect of PFKFB2 on tumor cell growth in vivo. RESULTS Knockdown of PFKFB2 inhibited clonogenic growth and enhanced paclitaxel sensitivity in ovarian and breast cancer cell lines with wild-type TP53 (wtTP53). Silencing PFKFB2 significantly inhibited tumor growth and enhanced paclitaxel sensitivity in four xenografts derived from two ovarian and two breast cancer cell lines, and prolonged survival in a triple-negative breast cancer PDX. Transfection of siPFKFB2 increased the glycolysis rate, but decreased the flow of intermediates through the pentose-phosphate pathway in cancer cells with wtTP53, decreasing NADPH. ROS accumulated after PFKFB2 knockdown, which stimulated Jun N-terminal kinase and p53 phosphorylation, and induced apoptosis that depended upon upregulation of p21 and Puma. CONCLUSIONS PFKFB2 is a novel target whose inhibition can enhance the effect of paclitaxel-based primary chemotherapy upon ovarian and breast cancers retaining wtTP53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Yang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Zhang Shu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Geriatric Digestive Surgery, the Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongying Jiang
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Weiqun Mao
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lan Pang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Abena Redwood
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sabrina L Jeter-Jones
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nicholas B Jennings
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Argentina Ornelas
- Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jinhua Zhou
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA Cancer, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Geoffrey Bartholomeusz
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - LaKesla R Iles
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Niki M Zacharias
- Department of Urology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Steven W Millward
- Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA Cancer, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiao-Feng Le
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Piwnica-Worms
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA Cancer, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert C Bast
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Zhen Lu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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49
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Azova MM, Ahmed AA, Ait Aissa A, Blagonravov ML. Association of DNMT3B and DNMN3L Gene Polymorphisms with Early Pregnancy Loss. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 167:475-478. [PMID: 31493261 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04553-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A total of 100 women with early pregnancy loss were recruited and further classified into two subgroups: sporadic pregnancy loss and recurrent pregnancy loss; each subgroup consisted of 50 women. The control group included 56 women with normal pregnancies. Genotyping was performed by PCR with restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. A statistically significant increase in the frequencies of TT genotype and T allele for DNMT3B rs2424913 polymorphism was found in the total patient group and in both patient subgroups in comparison with the control. Moreover, homozygous TT genotype was associated with increased risk of early pregnancy loss (both sporadic and recurrent). DNMT3B rs2424913 gene polymorphism in women can be used a marker of predisposition to early pregnancy loss and recurrent pregnancy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Azova
- Department of Biology and General Genetics, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A A Ahmed
- Department of Biology and General Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Ait Aissa
- Department of Biology and General Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - M L Blagonravov
- V. A. Frolov Department of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
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50
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Elkoumi MA, Emam AA, Allah MAN, Sherif AH, Abdelaal NM, Mosabah A, Zakaria MT, Soliman MM, Salah A, Sedky YM, Mashali MH, Elashkar SSA, Hafez SFM, Hashem MIA, Elshreif AM, Youssef M, Fahmy DS, Sallam MM, Nawara AM, Elgohary EA, Ahmed AA, Fahim MS, Fawzi MM, Abdou AM, Morsi SS, Abo-Alella DA, Malek MM, Anany HG, Sobeih AA, Elbasyouni HAA, El-Deeb FM. Association of ficolin-2 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in Egyptian children and adolescents: a multicenter study. Lupus 2019; 28:995-1002. [PMID: 31184250 DOI: 10.1177/0961203319856089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric-onset SLE (pSLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease. Recently, the ficolin-2 (FCN2) gene has emerged as a potential candidate gene for susceptibility to SLE. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of the FCN2 gene polymorphisms at positions -986 (G/A), -602 (G/A), -4 (A/G) and SNP C/T (rs3124954) located in intron 1, with susceptibility to pSLE in Egyptian children and adolescents. METHODS This was a multicenter study of 280 patients diagnosed with pSLE, and 280 well-matched healthy controls. The FCN2 promoter polymorphisms at -986 G/A (rs3124952), -602 G/A (rs3124953), -4 A/G (rs17514136) and SNP C/T (rs3124954) located in intron 1 were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction, while serum ficolin-2 levels were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The frequencies of the FCN2 GG genotype and G allele at -986 and -602 positions were significantly more represented in patients with pSLE than in controls (p < 0.001). Conversely, the FCN2 AA genotype and A allele at position -4 were more common in patients than in controls (p < 0.001). Moreover, patients carrying the FCN2 GG genotype in -986 position were more likely to develop lupus nephritis (odds ratio: 2.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.4-4.78); p = 0.006). The FCN2 AA genotype at position -4 was also identified as a possible risk factor for lupus nephritis (odds ratio: 3.12 (95% confidence interval: 1.25-7.84); p = 0.024). CONCLUSION The FCN2 promoter polymorphisms may contribute to susceptibility to pSLE in Egyptian children and adolescents. Moreover, the FCN2 GG genotype at position -986 and AA genotype at position -4 were associated with low serum ficolin-2 levels and may constitute risk factors for lupus nephritis in pSLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Elkoumi
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - A A Emam
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - M A N Allah
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | | | - N M Abdelaal
- 2 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Egypt
| | - Aaa Mosabah
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - M T Zakaria
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - M M Soliman
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - A Salah
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Y M Sedky
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - M H Mashali
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - S S A Elashkar
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - S F M Hafez
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - M I A Hashem
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - A M Elshreif
- 4 Department of Pediatrics, Al Azhar Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maa Youssef
- 5 Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - D S Fahmy
- 5 Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - M M Sallam
- 6 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - A M Nawara
- 6 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - E A Elgohary
- 6 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - A A Ahmed
- 7 Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - M S Fahim
- 8 Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Egypt
| | - M M Fawzi
- 9 Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - A M Abdou
- 10 Department of Clinical Pathology, Al Azhar Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S S Morsi
- 11 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - D A Abo-Alella
- 11 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - M M Malek
- 11 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - H G Anany
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - A A Sobeih
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - H A A Elbasyouni
- 12 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - F M El-Deeb
- 13 Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
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