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Pien J, Ali TK, Schlozman S, Jamal A, Bucknor MD, Srinivasan M. Participation in a Physician Creative Writing Community: 15-Year Program Survey Outcomes at an Academic Medical Center. J Gen Intern Med 2024; 39:815-817. [PMID: 38196073 PMCID: PMC11043248 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-023-08595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Pien
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| | - Tayyeba K Ali
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Sutter Health, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
| | - Sofia Schlozman
- Narrative Medicine Program, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Armaan Jamal
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew D Bucknor
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Malathi Srinivasan
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Chu R, Sarnala S, Doan T, Cheng T, Chen AW, Jamal A, Kim G, Huang R, Srinivasan M, Palaniappan L, Gross ER. COVID-19 pandemic impact on opioid overdose deaths among racial groups within the United States: an observational cross-sectional study. Br J Anaesth 2024; 132:201-204. [PMID: 37977954 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2023.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Richie Chu
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Asian American Studies Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sai Sarnala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thanh Doan
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tina Cheng
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Annabel W Chen
- Stanford University Medical School, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Armaan Jamal
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gloria Kim
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robert Huang
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Malathi Srinivasan
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Latha Palaniappan
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eric R Gross
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Jamal A, Srinivasan M, Kim G, Nevins AB, Vohra S. Factors associated with HIV Testing within the National Health Interview Survey (2006-2018). J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023:10.1007/s40615-023-01728-w. [PMID: 37526879 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01728-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that individuals aged 13-64 test for HIV at least once during their lifetime. However, screening has been disproportionate among racial/ethnic populations. Using the National Health Interview Survey data (2006-2018), we examined HIV screening prevalence within racial/ethnic groups in the United States (US), and factors associated with testing among 301,191 individuals. This consisted of 195,696 White, 42,409 Black, 47,705 Hispanic and 15,381 Asian individuals. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to estimate the association between ever testing for HIV and demographic, socioeconomic and health-related factors. Approximately 36% of White, 61% of Black, 47% of Hispanic and 36% of Asian individuals reported ever testing for HIV. Hispanic (OR = 1.28, 95% CI [1.25-1.32]) and Black individuals (OR = 2.44, 95% CI [2.38-2.50]) had higher odds of HIV testing, whereas Asian individuals (OR = 0.74, 95% CI [0.71-0.77]) had lower odds of HIV testing compared to White individuals. Individuals who identified as males, married, between the ages of 18-26 years or greater than or equal to 50 years were less likely to ever test for HIV compared to their counterparts. Similarly, those with lower education, lower income, better self-reported health, no health professional visits or living in the midwestern US were less likely to ever test for HIV compared to their counterparts (OR range: 0.14-0.92). Understanding the factors associated with HIV testing opens opportunities to increase testing rates for all and reduce health disparities in HIV detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armaan Jamal
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross Research Building Room 1064, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Malathi Srinivasan
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gloria Kim
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrew B Nevins
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sanah Vohra
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Wang RZ, Jamal A, Wang Z, Dan S, Srinivasan M, Kim G, Long J, Palaniappan L, Singh J, Eggert LE. Toward precision sleep medicine: variations in sleep outcomes among disaggregated Asian Americans in the National Health Interview Survey (2006-2018). J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:1259-1270. [PMID: 36883375 PMCID: PMC10315592 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Asian Americans report higher rates of insufficient sleep than non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs). It is unclear how sleep outcomes differ among disaggregated Asian subgroups. METHODS The National Health Interview Survey (2006-2018) was used to analyze self-reported sleep duration and quality measures for Asian American subgroups (Chinese [n = 11,056], Asian Indian [n = 11,249], Filipino [n = 13,211], and other Asians [n = 21,767]). Outcomes included hours of sleep per day, the number of days reporting trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, waking up rested, and taking sleep medication in the past week. Subsetted multivariate logistic regression was used to assess factors impacting sleep outcomes by ethnicity. RESULTS 29.2% of NHWs, 26.4% of Chinese, 24.5% of Asian Indians, and 38.4% of Filipinos reported insufficient sleep duration. Filipinos were less likely to report sufficient sleep duration (odds ratio 0.55, [confidence interval 95% 0.50-0.59]) and more likely to report trouble falling asleep (1.16 [1.01-1.33]) than NHWs. Chinese and Asian Indians had less trouble staying asleep (0.67 [0.58-0.77], 0.51 [0.44-0.59]) and falling asleep (0.77 [0.66-0.89], 0.72, [0.62-0.82]) than NHWs, and Asian Indians were more likely to wake feeling well rested (1.66 [1.48-1.87]). All Asian subgroups were less likely to report using sleep medications than NHWs. Foreign-born status had a negative association with sufficient sleep duration in Filipinos but a positive association in Asian Indians and Chinese. CONCLUSIONS Filipinos report the highest burden of poor sleep outcomes, and Asian Indians report significantly better sleep outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of disaggregating Asian ethnic subgroups to address their health needs. CITATION Wang RZ, Jamal A, Wang Z, et al. Toward precision sleep medicine: variations in sleep outcomes among disaggregated Asian Americans in the National Health Interview Survey (2006-2018). J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(7):1259-1270.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Z. Wang
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of BioSciences, Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Armaan Jamal
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ziqing Wang
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Shozen Dan
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Malathi Srinivasan
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Gloria Kim
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jin Long
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Latha Palaniappan
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jaiveer Singh
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lauren E. Eggert
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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Jamal A, Srinivasan M, Kim G, Huang RJ, Palaniappan L. Why Are We Going Backward? Barriers to Disaggregated Racial Information in Federal Data Sets. Am J Public Health 2023:e1-e4. [PMID: 37319392 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2023.307339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Armaan Jamal
- All authors are with the Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA. Armaan Jamal is also with the Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Malathi Srinivasan is also with the Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine. Gloria Kim is also with the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine. Robert J. Huang is also with the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Latha Palaniappan is also with the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Malathi Srinivasan
- All authors are with the Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA. Armaan Jamal is also with the Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Malathi Srinivasan is also with the Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine. Gloria Kim is also with the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine. Robert J. Huang is also with the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Latha Palaniappan is also with the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Gloria Kim
- All authors are with the Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA. Armaan Jamal is also with the Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Malathi Srinivasan is also with the Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine. Gloria Kim is also with the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine. Robert J. Huang is also with the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Latha Palaniappan is also with the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Robert J Huang
- All authors are with the Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA. Armaan Jamal is also with the Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Malathi Srinivasan is also with the Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine. Gloria Kim is also with the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine. Robert J. Huang is also with the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Latha Palaniappan is also with the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Latha Palaniappan
- All authors are with the Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA. Armaan Jamal is also with the Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Malathi Srinivasan is also with the Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine. Gloria Kim is also with the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine. Robert J. Huang is also with the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Latha Palaniappan is also with the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine
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Márquez NG, Jamal A, Johnston R, Richter EI, Gorbach PM, Vannorsdall TD, Rubin LH, Jennings C, Landay AL, Peluso MJ, Antar AAR. Characterizing Symptoms and Identifying Biomarkers of Long COVID in People With and Without HIV: Protocol for a Remotely Conducted Prospective Observational Cohort Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e47079. [PMID: 37104709 PMCID: PMC10234419 DOI: 10.2196/47079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living with HIV is a risk factor for severe acute COVID-19, but it is unknown whether it is a risk factor for long COVID. OBJECTIVE This study aims to characterize symptoms, sequelae, and cognition formally and prospectively 12 months following SARS-CoV-2 infection in people living with HIV compared with people without HIV. People with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection, both with and without HIV, are enrolled as controls. The study also aims to identify blood-based biomarkers or patterns of immune dysregulation associated with long COVID. METHODS This prospective observational cohort study enrolled participants into 1 of the following 4 study arms: people living with HIV who had SARS-CoV-2 infection for the first time <4 weeks before enrollment (HIV+COVID+ arm), people without HIV who had SARS-CoV-2 infection for the first time within 4 weeks of enrollment (HIV-COVID+ arm), people living with HIV who believed they never had SARS-CoV-2 infection (HIV+COVID- arm), and people without HIV who believed they never had SARS-CoV-2 infection (HIV-COVID- arm). At enrollment, participants in the COVID+ arms recalled their symptoms, mental health status, and quality of life in the month before having SARS-CoV-2 infection via a comprehensive survey administered by telephone or on the web. All participants completed the same comprehensive survey 1, 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after post-acute COVID-19 symptom onset or diagnosis, if asymptomatic, (COVID+ arms) or after enrollment (COVID- arms) on the web or by telephone. In total, 11 cognitive assessments were administered by telephone at 1 and 4 months after symptom onset (COVID+ arms) or after enrollment (COVID- arms). A mobile phlebotomist met the participants at a location of their choice for height and weight measurements, orthostatic vital signs, and a blood draw. Participants in the COVID+ arms donated blood 1 and 4 months after COVID-19, and participants in the COVID- arms donated blood once or none. Blood was then shipped overnight to the receiving study laboratory, processed, and stored. RESULTS This project was funded in early 2021, and recruitment began in June 2021. Data analyses will be completed by summer 2023. As of February 2023, a total of 387 participants were enrolled in this study, with 345 participants having completed enrollment or baseline surveys together with at least one other completed study event. The 345 participants includes 76 (22%) HIV+COVID+, 121 (35.1%) HIV-COVID+, 78 (22.6%) HIV+COVID-, and 70 (20.3%) HIV-COVID- participants. CONCLUSIONS This study will provide longitudinal data to characterize COVID-19 recovery over 12 months in people living with and without HIV. Additionally, this study will determine whether biomarkers or patterns of immune dsyregulation associate with decreased cognitive function or symptoms of long COVID. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/47079.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Gallego Márquez
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Armaan Jamal
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rowena Johnston
- amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, New York, NY, United States
| | - E India Richter
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pamina M Gorbach
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tracy D Vannorsdall
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Leah H Rubin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Cheryl Jennings
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical College, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alan L Landay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical College, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Michael J Peluso
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, California, CA, United States
| | - Annukka A R Antar
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Wang Z, Jamal A, Wang R, Dan S, Kappagoda S, Kim G, Palaniappan L, Long J, Singh J, Srinivasan M. Disparities and Trends in Routine Adult Vaccination Rates Among Disaggregated Asian American Subgroups, National Health Interview Survey 2006-2018. AJPM Focus 2023; 2:100044. [PMID: 37789943 PMCID: PMC10546520 DOI: 10.1016/j.focus.2022.100044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Vaccination rates may be improved through culturally tailored messages, but little is known about them among disaggregated Asian American subgroups. We assessed the vaccination rates for key vaccines among these subgroups. Methods Using the National Health Interview Survey, we analyzed recent vaccination rates (2015-2018, n=188,250) and trends (2006-2018) among Asians (Chinese [n=3,165], Asian Indian [n=3,525], Filipino [n=3,656], other Asian [n=5,819]) and non-Hispanic White adults (n=172,085) for 6 vaccines (the human papillomavirus, hepatitis B, pneumococcal, influenza, tetanus-diphtheria [tetanus], and shingles vaccines). We controlled demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related variables in multivariable logistic regression and predicted marginal modeling analyses. We also computed vaccination rates among Asian American subgroups on the 2015-2018 National Health Interview Survey data stratified by foreign-born and U.S.-born status. We used Joinpoint regression to analyze trends in vaccination rates. All analyses were conducted in 2021 and 2022. Results Among Asians, shingles (29.2%; 95% CI=26.6, 32.0), tetanus (53.7%; 95% CI=51.8, 55.6), and pneumococcal (53.8%; 95% CI=50.1, 57.4) vaccination rates were lower than among non-Hispanic Whites. Influenza (47.9%; 95% CI=46.2, 49.6) and hepatitis B (40.5%; 95% CI=39.0, 42.7) vaccination rates were similar or higher than among non-Hispanic Whites (48.4%; 95% CI=47.9, 48.9 and 30.7%; 95% CI=30.1, 31.3, respectively). Among Asians, we found substantial variations in vaccination rates and trends. For example, Asian Indian women had lower human papillomavirus vaccination rates (12.9%; 95% CI=9.1, 18.0) than all other Asian subgroups (Chinese: 37.9%; 95% CI=31.1, 45.2; Filipinos: 38.7%; 95% CI=29.9, 48.3; other Asians: 30.4%; 95% CI=24.8, 36.7) and non-Hispanic Whites (36.1%; 95% CI=34.8, 37.5). Being male, having lower educational attainment and income, having no health insurance or covered by public health insurance only, and lower frequency of doctor visits were generally associated with lower vaccine uptakes. Foreign-born Asian aggregate had lower vaccination rates than U.S.-born Asian aggregate for all vaccines except for influenza. We also found subgroup-level differences in vaccination rates between foreign-born and U.S.-born Asians. We found that (1) foreign-born Chinese, Asian Indians, and other Asians had lower human papillomavirus and hepatitis B vaccination rates; (2) foreign-born Chinese and Filipinos had lower pneumococcal vaccination rates; (3) foreign-born Chinese and Asian Indians had lower influenza vaccination rates; and (4) all foreign-born Asian subgroups had lower tetanus vaccination rates. Conclusions Vaccination rates and trends differed among Asian American subgroups. Culturally tailored messaging and interventions may improve vaccine uptakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Wang
- The Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education (CARE), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Armaan Jamal
- The Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education (CARE), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ryan Wang
- The Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education (CARE), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Shozen Dan
- The Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education (CARE), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Statistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shanthi Kappagoda
- The Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education (CARE), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Gloria Kim
- The Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education (CARE), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Latha Palaniappan
- The Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education (CARE), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jin Long
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jaiveer Singh
- The Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education (CARE), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Biophysics, Yale University, New Heaven, Connecticut
| | - Malathi Srinivasan
- The Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education (CARE), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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Nadarajah S, Akiba R, Maricar I, Vohra S, Jamal A, Yano Y, Elfassy T, Srinivasan M, Kim G, Palaniappan L, Kim K, Yang E. Abstract P631: Association Between Suboptimal Sleep Duration and Cardiovascular Disease Prevalence Among Asian Americans. Circulation 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/circ.147.suppl_1.p631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Importance:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and prevalence is widely varied among Asian Americans. The American Heart Association recently added healthy sleep to its metrics used to define ideal cardiovascular health. Little is known about the association between sleep and CVD prevalence among Asian subgroups.
Hypothesis:
The association between suboptimal sleep duration and CVD risk prevalence will differ by Asian American subgroup.
Methods:
We analyzed results from the National Health Interview Survey (2012-2018, N=234,126), a nationally representative sample. Participants (age>40 years old) included 214,956 non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs), 3,043 Asian Indians, 3,993 Chinese, 4,719 Filipinos, and 7,603 other Asians. Suboptimal sleep was self-reported and defined as <7 or >9 hours. CVD was defined as self-reported stroke, heart attack, coronary artery disease, or angina. We used multivariable logistic regression models to ascertain the association. All analyses included complex survey design considerations.
Results:
Suboptimal sleep duration was associated with higher CVD prevalence for NHWs and all Asians, but in Asian subgroup stratified analyses, suboptimal sleep was only associated with higher CVD prevalence among Other Asians.
Conclusions:
Our results show heterogeneity in the association between sleep duration and CVD prevalence among Asian subgroups, however further research is needed to better understand these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Risa Akiba
- Stanford Cntr for Asian Health Rsch and Education, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Sanah Vohra
- Stanford Cntr for Asian Health Rsch and Education, Stanford, CA
| | - Armaan Jamal
- Stanford Cntr for Asian Health Rsch and Education, Stanford, CA
| | - Yuichiro Yano
- Stanford Cntr for Asian Health Rsch and Education, Stanford, CA
| | - Tali Elfassy
- Stanford Cntr for Asian Health Rsch and Education, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Gloria Kim
- Stanford Cntr for Asian Health Rsch and Education, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Karina Kim
- Stanford Cntr for Asian Health Rsch and Education, Stanford, CA
| | - Eugene Yang
- Stanford Cntr for Asian Health Rsch and Education, Stanford, CA
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Nguyen N, Sajjadian A, Cruanes G, Bacong A, Jamal A, Srinivasan M, Huang RJ, Kim GS, Palaniappan L, Kim K, Yang E, Elfassy T. Abstract P333: Asian-Specific BMI Cutoffs as a Predictor for Mortality Risk. Circulation 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/circ.147.suppl_1.p333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:
Prior studies have found a U-shaped association between body mass index (BMI) and mortality. The WHO has recommended Asian-specific BMI guidelines to better screen for BMI-related diseases among Asians. Little is known about patterns between BMI and mortality rates in Asian subgroups. We used Asian-specific BMI cutpoints to determine whether BMI was associated with mortality among disaggregated Asian subgroups.
Methods:
A sample of Asians (n=26,831) was obtained from the 1999-2018 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) linked to the National Death Index. BMI was calculated with self-reported height and weight. Individuals were grouped into 4 BMI classes by Asian-specific BMI cutpoints: underweight (BMI <18.5), normal (BMI >18.5-22.9), overweight (BMI > 23-24.9), and obese (BMI ≥ 25) categories. Using Poisson models, we calculated the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) per 1,000 person years (PY) for All Asian adults and specific sub-groups (Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Other Asian) with normal weight as a reference.
Results:
Our sample was comprised of 20.6% Chinese (n=5517), 22.8% Filipino (n=6111), 19.5% Asian Indian (n=5232), and 37.2% Other Asian (n=9971). Compared to normal BMI, underweight individuals had significantly higher ASMR among all Asians and more specifically among Chinese, Filipinos, and Asian Indians, but not among Other Asians. Compared to normal BMI, risk of mortality was not significantly different among overweight or obese individuals across any Asian subgroup.
Conclusion:
We found that low BMI was consistently associated with increased mortality among all Asian subgroups. In contrast to what has been described in Non-Hispanic White adults, we found that overweight or obesity was not associated with increased mortality among Asian American subgroups utilizing Asian-specific cutpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karina Kim
- Stanford Univ Sch of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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Jamal A, Wang R, Wang Z, Dan S, Srinivasan M, Kim G, Palaniappan L, Singh J, Kappagoda S. Vaccination patterns, disparities, and policy among Asian-Americans and Asians living in the USA. The Lancet Global Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00156-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Jamal A, Markert S, Watanabe S. Investigating the role of Synaptotagmin-1 at ribbon synapses. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [PMID: 34971165 DOI: 10.1002/alz.057984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photoreceptors possess a specialized form of proteinaceous electron-dense projection: the synaptic ribbon that exhibits graded neurotransmitter release. The molecular mechanism underlying graded release is unknown. Data suggests that synaptic vesicles at ribbon synapses undergo homotypic compound fusion where vesicles may only travel a short distance to the neighboring vesicles and fuse with each other around the ribbons1 . Here we demonstrate that Synaptotagmin-1 (Syt1) functions in compound fusion as it promotes full formation of the SNARE complex fusion machinery in response to calcium influx2 . A better understanding of synaptic ribbon communication proteins may lead to novel drug targets to aid in therapeutic design METHOD: Syt1 knock-down (KD) was developed using a CRISPRi system in Danio rerio larvae (n=100) and incubated for 5 days. Flash-and-freeze electron microscopy was performed on the Syt1 KD line and controls (n=100) by stimulating and freezing the samples at time points 0, 3, 6, 9 and 15 milliseconds after exposure to light for 30 seconds. Samples were fixed in epoxy resin and viewed under TEM. Blind analysis using ImageJ was performed to identify the presence of any compound fusion. RESULT Mean compound fusion frequency was highest at the 6ms and 9ms time points in Danio rerio controls. At the 6ms timepoint, compound fusion was seen at the middle of the ribbon and at 9ms, compound fusion was seen closer to the base. Prevalence of compound fusion was significantly reduced at the 6ms and 9ms time points in the Syt1 KD compared to controls. CONCLUSION Syt1 is can mediate compound fusion on a millisecond timescale during exocytosis. 1. Matthews G, Sterling P. Evidence That Vesicles Undergo Compound Fusion on the Synaptic Ribbon. J Neurosci. 2008;28(21):5403-5411. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0935-08.2008 2. Chicka MC, Hui E, Liu H, Chapman ER. Synaptotagmin arrests the SNARE complex before triggering fast, efficient membrane fusion in response to Ca2+. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2008;15(8):827-835. doi:10.1038/nsmb.1463.
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Koronfel M, Jamal A, Edmonds R. 830 A Case of Colo-Colonic Intussusception Secondary to A Large Lipoma in An Adult. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Colonic lipomas are benign tumours, most commonly in the right colon or caecum, usually detected incidentally at colonoscopy and are often asymptomatic not requiring treatment. Lipomas leading to intussusception have previously been described in case reports, but it remains a rare occurrence, no specific incidence data has been documented. We present the case of a patient with a 7cm colonic lipoma that developed an intussusception.
This patient suffered non-specific pulling pain along the right and upper abdomen for many years. A distal ascending colonic lipoma was identified, on repeated imaging and colonoscopy and biopsied. It was concluded that the abdominal pain was due to gallstones, diverticulitis and adhesions from previous pelvic surgery. In early December 2020, the patient was reviewed and listed for elective cholecystectomy. Later the same month, the patient was admitted with severe abdominal pain, watery and bloody diarrhoea. CT scan showed the colonic lipoma had acted as the lead point for an intussusception, with the lipoma and surrounding colon having intussuscepted into the transverse colon. Patient had an open right hemicolectomy and anastomosis for colo-colic intussusception secondary to the lipoma. Subsequently, the patient developed anastomotic breakdown requiring relook laparotomy with resection of ileo-colic anastomosis and end ileostomy formation.
Adults presenting with intussusception is rare and associated with nonspecific signs and symptoms. Variability in clinical presentation highlights the need for a low index of suspicion in people with known colonic masses. In addition, early surgical intervention should be considered in masses >4cm as previously suggested in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Koronfel
- Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom
| | - A Jamal
- Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom
| | - R Edmonds
- Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom
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Jamal A, Loukili M, Malki A, Rouf S, Latrech H. Le diabète de l’adolescent : quelles particularités ? Annales d'Endocrinologie 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2021.08.690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Harrigan TP, Hwang BJ, Mathur AK, Mills KA, Pantelyat AY, Bang JA, Syed AB, Vyas P, Martin SD, Jamal A, Ziegelman L, Hernandez ME, Wong DF, Brašić JR. Dataset of quantitative structured office measurements of movements in the extremities. Data Brief 2020; 31:105876. [PMID: 32642510 PMCID: PMC7334383 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A low-cost quantitative structured office measurement of movements in the extremities of people with Parkinson's disease [1,2] was performed on people with Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, and age-matched healthy volunteers. Participants underwent twelve videotaped procedures rated by a trained examiner while connected to four accelerometers [1,2] generating a trace of the three location dimensions expressed as spreadsheets [3,4]. The signals of the five repetitive motion items [1,2] underwent processing to fast Fourier [5] and continuous wavelet transforms [6]. The dataset [7] includes the coding form with scores of the live ratings [1,2], the raw files [3], the converted spreadsheets [4], and the fast Fourier [5] and continuous wavelet transforms [6]. All files are unfiltered. The data also provide findings suitable to compare and contrast with data obtained by investigators applying the same procedure to other populations. Since this is an inexpensive procedure to quantitatively measure motions in Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders, this will be a valuable resource to colleagues, particularly in underdeveloped regions with limited budgets. The dataset will serve as a template for other investigations to develop novel techniques to facilitate the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of Parkinson's disease, other movement disorders, and other nervous and mental conditions. The procedure will provide the basis to obtain objective quantitative measurements of participants in clinical trials of new agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P. Harrigan
- Research and Exploratory Development, Applied Physics Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD, United States
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Brian J. Hwang
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Anil K. Mathur
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kelly A. Mills
- Neuromodulation and Advanced Therapies Clinic, Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alexander Y. Pantelyat
- Atypical Parkinsonism Center, Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jee A. Bang
- Johns Hopkins Huntington Center of Excellence, Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alveena B. Syed
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Pankhuri Vyas
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Samuel D. Martin
- Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Armaan Jamal
- Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Liran Ziegelman
- Neuroscience Program, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana, Champaign-Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Manuel E. Hernandez
- Neuroscience Program, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana, Champaign-Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana, Champaign-Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Dean F. Wong
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - James Robert Brašić
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Islami F, Poustchi H, Pourshams A, Khoshnia M, Gharavi A, Kamangar F, Dawsey SM, Abnet CC, Brennan P, Sheikh M, Sotoudeh M, Nikmanesh A, Merat S, Etemadi A, Nasseri Moghaddam S, Pharoah PD, Ponder BA, Day NE, Jamal A, Boffetta P, Malekzadeh R. A prospective study of tea drinking temperature and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:18-25. [PMID: 30891750 PMCID: PMC7477845 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported an association between hot tea drinking and risk of esophageal cancer, but no study has examined this association using prospectively and objectively measured tea drinking temperature. We examined the association of tea drinking temperature, measured both objectively and subjectively at study baseline, with future risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in a prospective study. We measured tea drinking temperature using validated methods and collected data on several other tea drinking habits and potential confounders of interest at baseline in the Golestan Cohort Study, a population-based prospective study of 50,045 individuals aged 40-75 years, established in 2004-2008 in northeastern Iran. Study participants were followed-up for a median duration of 10.1 years (505,865 person-years). During 2004-2017, 317 new cases of ESCC were identified. The objectively measured tea temperature (HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.10-1.81; for ≥60°C vs. <60°C), reported preference for very hot tea drinking (HR 2.41, 95% CI 1.27-4.56; for "very hot" vs. "cold/lukewarm"), and reported shorter time from pouring tea to drinking (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.01-2.26; for <2 vs. ≥6 min) were all associated with ESCC risk. In analysis of the combined effects of measured temperature and amount, compared to those who drank less than 700 ml of tea/day at <60°C, drinking 700 mL/day or more at a higher-temperature (≥60°C) was consistently associated with an about 90% increase in ESCC risk. Our results substantially strengthen the existing evidence supporting an association between hot beverage drinking and ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Islami
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - H. Poustchi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Pourshams
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Khoshnia
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Gastroenterology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| | - A. Gharavi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Gastroenterology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| | - F. Kamangar
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, School of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - S. M. Dawsey
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - C. C. Abnet
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - P. Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - M. Sheikh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - M. Sotoudeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Nikmanesh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S. Merat
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Etemadi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - S. Nasseri Moghaddam
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - P. D. Pharoah
- Department of Oncology, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - B. A. Ponder
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - N. E. Day
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A. Jamal
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - P. Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - R. Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Vora A, Varghese A, Kachwala Y, Bhaskar M, Laddha A, Jamal A, Yadav P. Eugenia jambolana extract reduces the systemic exposure of Sitagliptin and improves conditions associated with diabetes: A pharmacokinetic and a pharmacodynamic herb-drug interaction study. J Tradit Complement Med 2018; 9:364-371. [PMID: 31453133 PMCID: PMC6702134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Eugenia jambolana (EJ) is an Indian traditional herb widely used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This herb is globally marketed as single or multi herb formulations. Many diabetes patients consume EJ extract oral hypoglycemic drugs together. This calls for a need to assess risks versus benefit of this co-administration. In present investigation, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions of aqueous extract of EJ seeds at the dose of 400 mg/kg are studied with 10 mg/kg of oral hypoglycaemic drug sitagliptin (SITA) by co-administrating them for 28 days in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. The pharmacokinetic parameters of SITA were determined using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and it was found that the combination treatment reduces the systemic exposure of SITA by showing 38.70% reduction in concentration maximum (Cmax) and 22.40% reduction in area under curve (AUC). Despite low levels of SITA, the combination demonstrated a significant reduction in blood glucose level when compared with individual drug and individual extract administered groups during pharmacodynamic study. In addition, the liver function, the kidney function and the lipid parameters were found to be significantly improved and beneficial effects were found with respect to food intake and water intake and urine output in case of combination treatment groups when compared with individual treatment groups. Histopathological examination of pancreatic tissue suggests its significant recovery of having normal acinus with better cell protection in combination treatment. In conclusion, the combination treatment demonstrated reduced systemic exposure of SITA without compromising on its antihyperglycemic activity and improvement in conditions associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vora
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, India
| | - A Varghese
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, India
| | - Y Kachwala
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, India
| | - M Bhaskar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, India
| | - A Laddha
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, India
| | - A Jamal
- Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Ministry of Ayush, Government of India, India
| | - P Yadav
- Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Ministry of Ayush, Government of India, India
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Abstract
Aims and MethodA postal questionnaire was sent to consultant psychiatrists in the West Midlands to establish their current ward round practice. This questionnaire addressed ward round etiquette, practical issues and educational function. Consultants received only one mailing.ResultsA total of 96 (out of 139) consultants replied (69% response rate). The majority of consultants saw patients on the ward round (97%) and all consultants introduced both themselves and team members to the patient; 72% explained the purpose of the ward round. A median of seven professionals attended the ward round with psychology (6.5%) and pharmacy services (0%) being underrepresented. When consultants added comments, the recurrent themes were that ward rounds were an effective use of professional time but were often daunting for patients.Clinical ImplicationsOur results indicate some uniformity in the conduct of ward rounds. The lack of representation at ward rounds for certain professional groups may adversely affect the range of opinions and therapies for patients. Changes could be made to incorporate the views of users, which would make ward rounds more productive for users and professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Mustafa
- National Center for Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A. Jamal
- National Center for Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A. Naeem
- National Center for Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - N. Rehana
- National Center for Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Giroux R, Jamal A, Kitai I, Consunji-Araneta R, Baikie M, Morris SK. Midpoint Results of National Surveillance of Childhood Tuberculosis. Paediatr Child Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/21.supp5.e58a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is little detailed epidemiologic and clinical data about tuberculosis (TB) disease in children in Canada.
OBJECTIVES: To characterize the epidemiologic, clinical, and treatment data for all cases of TB in children under age 15 in Canada through the Canadian Pediatric Surveillance Program’s (CPSP) Childhood Tuberculosis Study. The initial results of the 3 year study presented here includes cases from September 2013 to October 2015.
DESIGN/METHODS: TB cases were identified through a monthly form sent by the CPSP to approximately 2500 active pediatricians, pediatric subspecialists, and select non-pediatricians who manage childhood TB. For cases meeting inclusion criteria, a detailed questionnaire was sent to collect clinical, epidemiological, and treatment data, followed by 6-month follow-up surveys until 6 months after treatment completion.
RESULTS: Of 164 unique incident cases reported, 84 met inclusion criteria and returned a detailed questionnaire. Selected demographic data is shown here:
Intrathoracic TB was reported in 78/84 (93%) of cases including 66 with pulmonary disease. One or more positive cultures were obtained in 32/68 (47%) of cases attempting pulmonary culture using sputum (n=17), bron-choalveolar lavage (n=2), and/or gastric aspirates (n=16). Of these, 4/9 (44%) were positive in children 12 months or younger, 8/23 (35%) between ages 1-4, 5/14 (36%) between ages 5-9, and 15/22 (68%) in children 10+ years. In two culture-negative cases, a positive AFB was found in the sputum. Extrathoracic TB was reported in 30% (n=25), with rates in children 10+ years being significantly higher than expected given the current literature. One case was MDR-TB.
CONCLUSION: Detailed clinical, epidemiological, and treatment data has been obtained for many cases of childhood TB in Canada through the CPSP Childhood Tuberculosis Study. This study will provide the most complete picture of childhood TB in Canada and will serve to refine practice in monitoring, detecting, and treating this infection.
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Siddiqi SA, Manzoor F, Jamal A, Tariq M, Ahmad R, Kamran M, Chaudhry A, Rehman IU. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) viability on PVA and PCL polymer coated hydroxyapatite scaffolds derived from cuttlefish. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra22423c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, cuttlefish bones are used to prepare highly porous hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds via hydrothermal treatment at 200 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Siddiqi
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM)
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Lahore 54600
- Pakistan
| | - F. Manzoor
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM)
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Lahore 54600
- Pakistan
| | - A. Jamal
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM)
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Lahore 54600
- Pakistan
| | - M. Tariq
- Department of Biology
- Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering
- Lahore University of Management Sciences
- DHA
- Lahore
| | - R. Ahmad
- Department of Physics
- G.C. University
- Lahore-54500
- Pakistan
| | - M. Kamran
- College of Engineering and Emerging Technologies
- University of the Punjab
- Lahore-54590
- Pakistan
| | - A. Chaudhry
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM)
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Lahore 54600
- Pakistan
| | - I. U. Rehman
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM)
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Lahore 54600
- Pakistan
- Department of Material Science and Engineering
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Jamal A, Qureshi M, Ali N, Ali M, Hameed A. Enhanced Production of Rhamnolipids by Pseudomonas aeruginosa JQ927360 Using Response Surface Methodology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2014.15851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Eslamian L, Akbari S, Marsoosi V, Jamal A. Association between fetal overgrowth and metabolic parameters in cord blood of newborns of women with GDM. Minerva Med 2013; 104:317-324. [PMID: 23748285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM There is evidence that arthrosclerosis may originate at birth, so assessment of serum lipid levels in cord blood might be important. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between fetal overgrowth and metabolic parameters in cord blood of newborns of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to compare these parameters with those in newborns of non-diabetic. METHODS The study group included 112 women (singleton pregnancy, and GDM diagnosed following WHO criteria), and as controlled subjects, 159 matched healthy pregnant women and their newborn babies were selected. A sample of cord blood was obtained at delivery. The cord blood's insulin, glucose, and lipids (total cholesterol, high-density cholesterol, low- density cholesterol, and triglyceride) were determined. The relationships between these metabolic parameters and large for gestational age (LGA) were also assessed. RESULTS There were no significant differences between total cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol (HDL -C), triglyceride (TG) and glucose levels between two groups but the LDL-C level, LDL/HDL ratio and insulin level were significantly higher in newborns of mother with GDM. LGA newborns of diabetic mothers, show the HDL-C level were significantly lower and LDL-C level were significantly higher than AGA (Appropriate for Gestational Age). CONCLUSION These results show that GDM altered neonatal plasma lipids metabolism and so newborns of diabetic mothers may be predisposed early in life to LDL hypercholesterolemia and thus may be at a greater risk of developing coronary heart disease later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Eslamian
- Perinatology Division, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tahmasebpour A, Rafiee NB, Ghaffari S, Jamal A. Increased nuchal translucency and pregnancy outcome. Iran J Public Health 2012; 41:92-7. [PMID: 23304682 PMCID: PMC3521892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the outcome of cases with nuchal translucency (NT) ≥ 95th centile in the first trimester of pregnancy. METHODS This cross sectional study was performed at Iranian Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) between January 2009 and December 2011. Totally, 186 cases with NT≥ 95th centile who attended for the first trimester screening were studied. All cases with increased NT including those with normal karyotype were followed up with anomaly scan at 18-22 weeks and fetal echocardiography at 22-24 weeks. Pregnancy outcome was extracted from delivery records and pediatrics notes and telephone interviews. RESULTS Of screened cases, 186 fetuses had an NT≥95th centile, of them 19.8% were abnormal karyotype, including 29 cases of trisomy 21, three of trisomy 18, two of trisomy 13, three of Turner syndrome. 77.8% did not show any abnormalities on follow-up examinations. 4.6% of cases were found to have malformation antenatally and 4% cases postnatally. 11.4% women elected termination of pregnancy without further follow up. There were 4.6% fetal loss and 1.3% hydrops fetalis. CONCLUSION In this unselected population, the study showed one out of four fetuses with enlarged NT had an adverse pregnancy outcome (miscarriage, fetal loss, and fetal abnormalities), however the chance of having a normal child after exclusion of chromosomal abnormalities and adverse pregnancy outcome was 95%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N Baradaran Rafiee
- Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding Author:
| | - S Ghaffari
- Dept. of Medical Genetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Iranian Fetal Medicine Foundation, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Jamal
- Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jamal A, Mousavi S, Alavi A. Coincidence of trisomy 18 and robertsonian (13; 14). Iran J Public Health 2012; 41:91-3. [PMID: 23113216 PMCID: PMC3469013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This case report presents a coincidence of trisomy 18 and balanced Robertsonian translocation (13;14). Aneuploidy was suspected based on anomalies detected in ultrasound scan and confirmed with karyotype. In a 31 years-old healthy woman with a history of one miscarriage, second trimester ultrasound scan reported IUGR (<3rd percentile) with normal amniotic fluid, bilateral choroid plexus cysts, suspicious agenesis of corpus callosum and clenched hands. Amniocentesis was performed and karyotype was 46xx,der(13;14) (q10;q10),+18. Maternal karyotype was 45xx,der(13;14)(q10;q10). Pregnancy was continued due to legal limitation for termination after 20 weeks gestation. Delivery was done at 36 weeks gestation. A female newborn was borned and a physical feature was hypotonia, small mouth, prominent occiput, low-set and posteriorly rotated ears, clenched hands with overlapping fingers and rocker bottom feet. Ultrasound scan and echocardiography detected agenesis of corpus callosum and VSD, ASD, PDA and cardiomegaly. These features are typical of trisomy 18. Balanced Robertsonian translocation usually has no phenotypic expression. Genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for future pregnancy was recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Mousavi
- Corresponding Author: E-mail address:
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Ipp M, Taddio A, Thivakaran S, Jamal A, Parikh C, Smart S, Sovran J, Do K, Stephens D, Katz J. Needle Fears and Immunization Compliance. Paediatr Child Health 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/17.suppl_a.15aa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ghaffari SR, Tahmasebpour AR, Jamal A, Hantoushzadeh S, Eslamian L, Marsoosi V, Fattahi F, Rajaei M, Niroomanesh S, Borna S, Beigi A, Khazardoost S, Saleh-Gargari S, Rahimi-Sharbaf F, Farrokhi B, Bayani N, Tehrani SE, Shahsavan K, Farzan S, Moossavi S, Ramezanzadeh F, Dastan J, Rafati M. First-trimester screening for chromosomal abnormalities by integrated application of nuchal translucency, nasal bone, tricuspid regurgitation and ductus venosus flow combined with maternal serum free β-hCG and PAPP-A: a 5-year prospective study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2012; 39:528-534. [PMID: 21793085 DOI: 10.1002/uog.10051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the performance of first-trimester screening for chromosomal abnormalities by integrated application of nuchal translucency thickness (NT), nasal bone (NB), tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and ductus venosus (DV) flow combined with maternal serum free β-human chorionic gonadotropin (fβ-hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) at a one-stop clinic for assessment of risk (OSCAR). METHODS In total, 13,706 fetuses in 13,437 pregnancies were screened for chromosomal abnormalities during a period of 5 years. Maternal serum biochemical markers and maternal age were evaluated in combination with NT, NT + NB, NT + NB + TR, and NT + NB + TR + DV flow data in 8581, 242, 236 and 4647 fetuses, respectively. RESULTS In total, 51 chromosomal abnormalities were identified in the study population, including 33 cases of trisomy 21, eight of trisomy 18, six of sex chromosome abnormality, one of triploidy and three of other unbalanced abnormalities. The detection rate and false-positive rate (FPR) for trisomy 21 were 93.8% and 4.84%, respectively, using biochemical markers and NT, and 100% and 3.4%, respectively, using biochemical markers, NT, NB, TR and DV flow. CONCLUSION While risk assessment using combined biochemical markers and NT measurement has an acceptable screening performance, it can be improved by the integrated evaluation of secondary ultrasound markers of NB, TR and DV flow. This enhanced approach would decrease the FPR from 4.8 % to 3.4 %, leading to a lower number of unnecessary invasive diagnostic tests and subsequent complications, while maintaining the maximum level of detection rate. Pre- and post-test genetic counseling is of paramount importance in either approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Ghaffari
- Iranian Fetal Medicine Foundation, Hope Generation Foundation, Tehran, Iran.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Choledochotomy followed by T-tube has long been a standard surgical treatment for choledocholithiasis. It is still a preferred choice in many hospitals where minimal invasive procedures are not feasible. The use of T-tube is not without complications. To avoid the complications associated with T-tube, we have performed primary closure of the common bile duct (CBD) after exploration. This pilot study assesses the safety of primary closure of CBD, which would help form a basis for implementation on a wider scale. OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical results of primary closure with T-tube drainage after open choledochotomy and assess the safety of primary closure for future application on a greater mass. PATIENTS AND METHODS This comparative study was conducted at surgical unit IV Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, from January 2007 to December 2007. Thirty-five patients were included in the study of which 16 patients underwent primary closure. RESULTS Thirty-five patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients who had primary closure done (n = 16) was 46.0 +/-16.8 and there were two (12.5%) males and 14 (87.5%) females. After primary closure of the CBD, bile leakage was noted in one patient (6.3%), which subsided without any biliary peritonitis as compared to the T-tube group in which two patients (10.5%) had bile leakage. Postoperative jaundice was seen in one patient (5.3%) who had a T-tube because of a blockage of CBD. Not a single patient had a retained stone in both groups as well as no recurrence of CBD stones. The postoperative hospital stay after primary closure was 5.56 +/-1.1 days as compared to after T-tube drainage which was 13.6 +/-2.3 days. The total cost of treatment in patients who underwent primary closure was USD194.5 +/-41.5 but after T-tube drainage it was USD548.6 +/-88.5. The median follow up duration for both groups was 6 months. CONCLUSION Primary CBD closure is a safe and cost effective alternative to routine T-tube drainage after open choledochotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ambreen
- Department of Surgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
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Abbasi S, Jamal A, Eslamian L, Marsousi V. Role of clinical and ultrasound findings in the diagnosis of retained products of conception. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2008; 32:704-707. [PMID: 18792059 DOI: 10.1002/uog.5391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the role of clinical and ultrasound findings as predictors of retained products of conception (RPOC) in women with a suspicion of incomplete miscarriage. METHODS This was a retrospective study of 91 patients admitted for suspected RPOC after spontaneous first-trimester miscarriage who were evacuated surgically, and for whom histopathological reports were available. All the women underwent transvaginal sonography after their miscarriage. The decision to evacuate the uterus was based on vaginal bleeding, lower abdominal pain and/or sonographic findings of hyperechoic material or endometrial thickness more than 8 mm. Maternal age, gestational age, clinical signs and symptoms and sonographic findings were recorded. Clinical and sonographic findings were compared with the histopathological reports and the sensitivity and specificity of vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain and sonographic appearance of the endometrium for detecting the products of conception were assessed. RESULTS Histopathological analysis confirmed the presence of chorionic villi in 55 women (60%) and decidua in 36 (40%). Vaginal bleeding was more frequent in women with RPOC (P < 0.001), whilst lower abdominal pain was a more frequent symptom in those with decidua (P = 0.019). The ultrasound finding of hyperechoic material had a sensitivity of 78%, specificity of 100% and positive and negative predictive values of 100% and 75%, respectively, in predicting RPOC. Vaginal bleeding as a predictor of RPOC had a sensitivity of 93%, specificity of 50%, and positive and negative predictive values of 74% and 82%, respectively. The combination of hyperechoic material and/or vaginal bleeding increased the sensitivity to 98% and negative predictive value to 95%. There was no significant difference in endometrial thickness between the two groups. CONCLUSION The ultrasound finding of hyperechoic material is the best predictor for diagnosing RPOC. In the absence of hyperechoic material and vaginal bleeding, RPOC are extremely unlikely.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Abbasi
- Perinatology Division, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shuja SZ, Yilbas BS, Jamal A. Entropy generation in flow field subjected to a porous block in a vertical channel. Transp Porous Media 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11242-007-9143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Jamal A, Choobak N, Tabassomi F. Intrapartum maternal glucose infusion and fetal acid-base status. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2007; 97:187-9. [PMID: 17368645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2006] [Revised: 01/20/2007] [Accepted: 01/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of an intrapartum infusion of a lactated Ringer solution or a glucose-boosted saline solution on the acid-base status of umbilical arterial blood. METHOD In a prospective clinical trial 178 women in labor were randomized to receive intravenously either a lactated Ringer solution or a saline solution boosted with 5% glucose. Umbilical arterial blood was then assessed for acid-base status. RESULTS There were significant differences between the lactated Ringer group and the glucose group in umbilical artery pH values (7.25+/-0.07 vs. 7.28+/-0.06; P=0.008), pCO2 values (44.8+/-5.6 mm Hg vs. 41.6+/-4.1 mm Hg; P=0.001), and base excess (-7.3+/-2.1 mEq/L vs. -6.6+/-1.8 mEq/L; P=0.02). CONCLUSION Intrapartum intravenous fluid containing a 5% glucose solution reduces umbilical cord acidemia and hypercarbia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jamal
- Perinatology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis is a very common chronic illness affecting 10% to 40% of children worldwide. There has been a significant increase in prevalence among children over the last two decades and this increase has been accompanied by a parallel increase in comorbid illnesses such as asthma. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness and adverse event profiles of topical nasal steroids for intermittent and persistent allergic rhinitis in children. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group Trials Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library Issue 3, 2005), MEDLINE (1950 onwards) and EMBASE (1974 onwards) on 5(th) September 2005. CINAHL, mRCT(a meta-database of controlled trials), NRR (the National Research Register), LILACS, MedCarib, KOREAMED, IndMed, Samed, Panteleimon, Zetoc, ISI Proceedings, the GlaxoSmithKline Clinical Trials Database and the websites of AstraZeneca, Schering Plough and Aventis were also searched. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials comparing topical nasal steroid preparations against each other or placebo, prescribed for allergic rhinitis in children. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted data from the included trials. The limited and variable quality of reported data precluded any pooling of results and only a descriptive summary is presented. MAIN RESULTS Three trials involving a total of 79 participants were included. All three trials, which compared topical nasal steroids against placebo for perennial rhinitis, provided some, albeit limited data, relevant to our primary outcomes; but in two of the trials the data analysis was flawed and in the third trial it was incomprehensible. None of the trials provided data relevant to our secondary outcomes. There were no adverse events reported from any of the interventions. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The three included trials provided some weak and unreliable evidence for the effectiveness of Beconase(R) and flunisolide used topically intranasally for the treatment of intermittent and persistent allergic rhinitis in children. The reduction of severity in symptoms as assessed by the trialists could not be confirmed with the data provided and decisions on the use of these medications should, until such time as more robust evidence is available, be guided by the physician's clinical experience and patients' individual circumstances and preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Al Sayyad
- Ministry of Health, Bahrain, Medical Review Office, PO Box 12, Manama, Bahrain.
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Jamal A, Javed K, Aslam M, Jafri MA. Gastroprotective effect of cardamom, Elettaria cardamomum Maton. fruits in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2006; 103:149-53. [PMID: 16298093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2004] [Revised: 07/04/2005] [Accepted: 07/19/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cardamom, the fruits of Elettaria cardamomum Maton. (Zingiberaceae) commonly known as "Heel khurd" is used in Unani system of medicine to treat gastrointestinal disorders. A crude methanolic extract (TM), essential oil (EO), petroleum ether soluble (PS) and insoluble (PI) fractions of methanolic extract, were studied in rats at doses of 100-500, 12.5-50, 12.5-150 and 450 mg/kg, respectively for their ability to inhibit the gastric lesions induced by aspirin, ethanol and pylorous ligature. In addition their effects on wall mucus and gastric acid output were recorded. All fractions (TM, EO, PS, PI) significantly inhibited gastric lesions induced by ethanol and aspirin but not those induced by pylorus ligation. TM proved to be active reducing lesions by about 70% in the EtOH-induced ulcer model at 500 mg/kg. The PS fraction reduced the lesions by 50% at 50 and 100mg/kg (no dose response was observed) with similar effect than the PI fraction at 450 mg/kg. In the aspirin-induced gastric ulcer, the best gastroprotective effect was found in the PS fraction, which inhibited lesions by nearly 100% at 12.5mg/kg. In our experimental conditions, the PS extract at doses >or=12.5mg/kg proved to be more active than ranitidine at 50mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jamal
- Department of Ilmul Advia, Faculty of Medicine (Unani), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110 062, India
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Mirza ZA, Inaparthy A, Siraj Y, Jamal A, Gupta S, Wase A. 55 EFFECT OF ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONIST ON VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS AND APPROPRIATE IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTOR SHOCKS IN PATIENTS WITH CONGESTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY:. J Investig Med 2005. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.00206.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Sadikot SM, Nigam A, Das S, Bajaj S, Zargar AH, Prasannakumar KM, Sosale A, Munichoodappa C, Seshiah V, Singh SK, Jamal A, Sai K, Sadasivrao Y, Murthy SS, Hazra DK, Jain S, Mukherjee S, Bandyopadhay S, Sinha NK, Mishra R, Dora M, Jena B, Patra P, Goenka K. The burden of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in India using the WHO 1999 criteria: prevalence of diabetes in India study (PODIS). Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2004; 66:301-7. [PMID: 15609460 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2004.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This random multistage cross-sectional population survey was undertaken to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in subjects aged 25 years and above in India. The study was carried out in 77 centers (40 urban and 37 rural). 18363 (9008 males and 9355 females) subjects were studied. 10617 (5379 males and 5238 females) were from urban areas and 7746 (3629 males and 4117 females) from rural areas. Blood samples were taken after a fast of 10-12 h and 2 h after 75 g of oral glucose. Subjects were categorized as having IGT or DM using the World Health Organisation (WHO) (1999) criteria. The standardized prevalence rate for DM in the total Indian, urban and rural populations was 4.3, 5.9 and 2.7%, respectively. The corresponding IGT rates in the three populations was 5.2, 6.3 and 3.7%, respectively. The urban prevalence of DM and IGT was significantly greater than in the rural population (P < 0.001 in both instances). The prevalence of DM was significantly, more than that of IGT (P < 0.001) within both the rural and urban populations. Type 2 diabetes is a major health problem is India.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Sadikot
- DiabetesIndia, 308, Doctor House, Peddar Road, Mumbai 400026, India.
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Amalourde A, Vinayaga P, Naveed N, Jamal A, Looi LM, Sengupta S. A rare case of chondrosarcoma of the clavicle. Med J Malaysia 2004; 59 Suppl F:60-2. [PMID: 15941166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Although all types of tumour and tumour-like conditions have been described to occur in the clavicle, they only contribute to less then 0.5% of all skeletal tumours. The incidence of primary chondrosarcoma of the clavicle is extremely rare. To our knowledge it has not been reported in Malaysia. We would like to highlight the possibility of chondrosarcoma as a differential diagnosis for a clavicular lesion.
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Sadikot SM, Nigam A, Das S, Bajaj S, Zargar AH, Prasannakumar KM, Sosale A, Munichoodappa C, Seshiah V, Singh SK, Jamal A, Sai K, Sadasivrao Y, Murthy SS, Hazra DK, Jain S, Mukherjee S, Bandyopadhay S, Sinha NK, Mishra R, Dora M, Jena B, Patra P, Goenka K. Comparing the ADA 1997 and the WHO 1999 criteria: Prevalence of Diabetes in India Study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2004; 66:309-15. [PMID: 15536028 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2004.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This random multistage cross-sectional population survey was undertaken to determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in subjects aged 25 years and above in India. The study was carried out in 77 centres (42 urban and 35 rural) to reflect the size and heterogeneity of the Indian population. 18,363 (9008 male and 9355 female) subjects were studied. 10,617 (5379 males and 5238 females) were from urban areas and 7746 (3629 males and 4117 females) from rural areas. Blood samples were taken after a fast of 10-12 and 2 h after 75 g of oral glucose. Subjects were categorized as having impaired fasting glycemia (IFG) or DM using the 1997 ADA or having impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or DM using the 1999 WHO criteria. The age- and gender-standardized prevalence rate for DM using the ADA criteria was 3.6% whilst that using the WHO criteria was 4.3% (P < 0.001). The respective standardized prevalence of DM, using the two criteria was, 4.7 and 5.6%, respectively (P < 0.001) in the urban Indian population and 2.0 and 2.7% (P < 0.02) in the rural Indian population. Using the WHO criteria, 581 subjects were newly diagnosed whilst the ADA criteria newly diagnosed 437 subjects. The respective numbers for the urban population were 425 and 323, and for the rural population were 146 and 114, respectively. The ADA criteria could diagnose 75.2, 76.0 and 73.0% of the subjects who had DM as per the WHO criteria. Of 739 Indian subjects who had IFG, 106 (14.3%) were diagnosed as having DM by the WHO criteria whilst 505 (68.3%) had values compatible with a diagnosis of IGT. Of the 536 urban subjects with IFG, 74 (13.8%) had DM and 350 (65.3%) had IGT using the WHO criteria. Of the 302 rural subjects with IFG, 32 (15.8%) had DM and 155 (76.3%) had IGT using the WHO criteria. 505 (49.9%) of 1012 Indian subjects with IGT as per the WHO criteria had IFG. 350 (47.7%) of 733 urban subjects and 155 (55.5%) of 279 rural subjects with IGT had values compatible with IFG as per the ADA criteria. Type 2 diabetes is a major health problem is India. The use of the ADA criteria would underestimate the prevalence of DM by not diagnosing subjects showing a poor response to a glucose challenge. This along with the discrepancies between subjects showing IGF or IGT could be a challenge to any prevention program.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Sadikot
- DiabetesIndia, 308 Doctor House, Peddar Road, Mumbai 400026, India.
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Sadikot SM, Nigam A, Das S, Bajaj S, Zargar AH, Prasannakumar KM, Sosale A, Munichoodappa C, Seshiah V, Singh SK, Jamal A, Sai K, Sadasivrao Y, Murthy SS, Hazra DK, Jain S, Mukherjee S, Bandyopadhay S, Sinha NK, Mishra R, Dora M, Jena B, Patra P, Goenka K. The burden of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in India using the ADA 1997 criteria: prevalence of diabetes in India study (PODIS). Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2004; 66:293-300. [PMID: 15536027 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2004.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This random multistage cross sectional population survey was undertaken to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired fasting glycemia/glucose (IFG) in subjects aged 25 years and above in India. The study was carried out in 108 centers (49 urban and 59 rural) to reflect the size and heterogeneity of the Indian population. 41,270 (20,534 males and 20,736 females) subjects were studied. 21,516 (10,865 males and 10,651 females) were from urban areas and 19,754 (9669 males and 10,085 females) from rural areas. Blood samples were taken after a fast of 10-12h and the subjects were categorized as having IFG or DM using the 1997 American Diabetes Association criteria. The age and gender standardized prevalence rate for DM and IFG in the total Indian population was 3.3 and 3.6% respectively (P < 0.001). The standardized prevalence of DM and IFG in urban areas was significantly higher than that for the rural population (urban DM prevalence 4.6% versus rural DM prevalence 1.9%, P < 0.001; urban IFG prevalence 4.8% versus rural IFG prevalence 2.5%, P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence between DM (4.6%) and IFG (4.8%) in the urban population. The rural prevalence of IFG (2.5%) was significantly (P <0.001) more than the rural prevalence of DM (1.9%). Type 2 diabetes is a major health problem is India.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Sadikot
- DiabetesIndia, 308, Doctor House, Peddar Rd., Mumbai 400026, India.
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Marsoosi V, Jamal A, Eslamian L. Pre-pregnancy weight, low pregnancy weight gain, and preterm delivery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2004; 87:36-7. [PMID: 15464775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2004.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2004] [Revised: 06/02/2004] [Accepted: 06/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Marsoosi
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of high dose oxytocin in the augmentation of labor. METHOD Two hundred pregnant women requiring augmentation of labor were randomly assigned to receive oxytocin by either a low dose protocol (1.5 microm/min initially, increased by 1.5 microm/min every 30 min) or a high dose protocol (4.5 microm/min initially, increased by 4.5 microm/min every 30 min). RESULTS High dose of oxytocin was associated with a significant shortening of labor 4 (1.10-10) vs. 6 (1-10) h, p<0.0001 without a significant difference in cesarean delivery rate, neonatal and maternal outcome. CONCLUSION The use of high dose oxytocin is associated with significantly shorter labor without any adverse fetal and maternal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jamal
- OB/GYN Department, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Feldman L, Holowaty P, Harvey B, Rannie K, Shortt L, Jamal A. A comparison of the demographic, lifestyle, and sexual behaviour characteristics of virgin and non-virgin adolescents. Can J Hum Sex 2002; 6:197-209. [PMID: 12348566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jamal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Damji KF, Sohocki MM, Khan R, Gupta SK, Rahim M, Loyer M, Hussein N, Karim N, Ladak SS, Jamal A, Bulman D, Koenekoop RK. Leber's congenital amaurosis with anterior keratoconus in Pakistani families is caused by the Trp278X mutation in the AIPL1 gene on 17p. Can J Ophthalmol 2001; 36:252-9. [PMID: 11548141 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-4182(01)80018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA) represents the earliest and severest form of retinal dystrophy leading to congenital blindness. A total of 20% of children attending blind schools have this disease. LCA has a multigenic basis and is proving central to our understanding of the development of the retina. We describe the clinical and molecular genetic features of four inbred pedigrees from neighbouring remote villages in northern Pakistan, in which some of the affected members have concurrent keratoconus. METHODS History-taking and physical and eye examinations were performed in the field. Venipuncture, DNA extraction, studies of linkage to known LCA genes, automated sequencing and polymorphism analyses for haplotype assessments were done. RESULTS We examined 12 affected and 15 unaffected family members. By history, there were an additional nine blind people in the four pedigrees. In each pedigree a consanguineous marriage was evident. We found a homozygous nonsense mutation in the AIPL1 gene, which replaces a tryptophan with a stop codon (Trp278X). The phenotype is severe and variable, despite the common molecular genetic etiology in each family. Affected patients had hand motion to no light perception vision and fundus findings ranging from maculopathy to diffuse pigmentary retinopathy. Three affected members had definite keratoconus, and two were suspects based on mild cone formation in the cornea of at least one eye. INTERPRETATION We have identified four Pakistani families with a severe form of LCA that is associated with severe keratoconus in some affected members. The molecular etiology in all four families is a homozygous nonsense mutation, Trp278X, in the photoreceptor-pineal gene AIPL1. To our knowledge, this is one of the first phenotype-genotype correlations of AIPL1-associated LCA.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Blindness/ethnology
- Blindness/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17
- Codon, Nonsense
- Codon, Terminator
- Consanguinity
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- Eye Proteins
- Female
- Genetic Linkage
- Haplotypes
- Humans
- Keratoconus/ethnology
- Keratoconus/genetics
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber/ethnology
- Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber/genetics
- Pakistan/epidemiology
- Pedigree
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Retinitis Pigmentosa/ethnology
- Retinitis Pigmentosa/genetics
- Tryptophan
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Affiliation(s)
- K F Damji
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ont.
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Subramanian PT, Jamal A, Shah MY. Hemodialysis Utilization in a Single in-Center Dialysis Unit, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2001; 12:64-74. [PMID: 18209364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to find out the trends in the demand for regular maintenance hemodialysis (HD) and to assess the utilization with reference to selected variables. In a retrospective cohort study, data from a single in-center HD unit of a secondary care hospital located in the south-western part of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, were analyzed. Cases of end-stage renal failure (ESRF) registered for regular maintenance HD from the commencement of the HD services in this center (1987 to 2000) formed the subjects of this study. Utilization of the in-center HD was assessed by annual growth rate, death rate, renal transplantation rate and utilization rate. Simple descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. During the study period, 393 cases were registered for regular maintenance HD. There were 183 males (46.6%) and 210 females (53.4%). The mean and median ages of the patients at the initiation of HD were 40.7 and 35 years respectively. Saudis constituted 75.1%(295) over the years studied. The mean annual growth rate, death rate, renal transplantation rate and utilization rate were 7.44, 9.3, 4.33 and 139.57% respectively. Demand for maintenance HD was more from young individuals, which is similar to the national figures. Annual growth rate of those requiring HD was far higher than population growth of this region during the period of study caused primarily by an increased number of new entries coupled with low death and transplantation rates. We conclude that HD utilization studies help to unearth the problems, understand the needs, communicate with the authorities (with facts and figures), find out solutions, and create a network between providers and consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- P T Subramanian
- Department of Nephrology, Samtah General Hospital, Samtah, Gizan, Saudi Arabia,
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Abstract
Discussion of the morality of same-sex sexuality in Islam is beginning to come to the forefront. It is a controversial topic that evokes differing views in Islam and, as such, needs to be addressed and understood. This study narrows the scope of the investigation to the use of moral terminology in the Lot story and elsewhere in the Qur'ăn. The method of semantic analysis that shall be applied is similar to the one espoused by Toshihiko Izutsu. In order to acquire a better understanding of how same-sex practices are qualified morally in the Qur'ăn, same-sex activities shall also be looked at in comparison to other opposite-sex and non-sexual practices. It is my contention that, in the Qur'ăn, same-sex practices are viewed no differently from certain opposite-sex and non-sexual activities. In quoting from the Qur'ăn, I will give my own translation of the Arabic terms that shall be analyzed. In general, however, I adopt Qur'ănic passages from Arthur J. Arberry, The Koran Interpreted, and where necessary, modify Qur'ănic passages with my own translations. I will also use Arberry's verse numbering, following that of Flügel.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jamal
- Department of Religious Studies, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Ahmad S, Ashraf SM, Hasnat A, Yadav S, Jamal A. Studies on urethane-modified alumina-filled polyesteramide anticorrosive coatings cured at ambient temperature. J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/app.2029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Jamal A, Subramanian PT. Pruritus among End-Stage Renal Failure Patients on Hemodialysis. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2000; 11:181-185. [PMID: 18209311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pruritus is commonly encountered in individuals with end-stage renal failure (ESRF) on dialysis. This study was performed in order to find out the prevalence and pattern of pruritus in patients on regular maintenance hemodialysis (HD) as well as to analyze its relationship to age, sex of the patient, site of itching and timing of hemodialysis. One hundred patients with ESRF (age ranging from 13 to 80 years) free from systemic, skin or psychiatric disorders and other secondary causes attributable to pruritus, undergoing maintenance HD (duration on HD 7-141 months; mean 49.9 and median 43 months) at Samtah General Hospital, Samtah, Gizan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were evaluated for pruritus on two occasions at one week interval by each author independently. The data were analyzed by simple descriptive statistics viz mean, median and chi-square test. Pruritus was observed in 27 of 40 males (67.5%) and 40 of 60 females (66.7%) with an overall prevalence of 67%. It was mild in 34 (50.8%), moderate in 22 (32.8%) and severe in 11 (16.4%). Sub-group analysis with reference to age and sex revealed that pruritus was significantly more in women aged 45 years and above, when compared with men of similar age-group (p < 0.05) or women below 45 years (p < 0.02). Pruritus was predominant in spinal dermatomes. Discomfort of pruritus was more during HD in three (two men and one woman) and HD gave relief for the day in 10 other individuals (four men and six women). Our study suggests that pruritus is observed in all age-groups and of both sexes of ESRF patients on HD although the intensity and site of itching and relationship to HD sessions varied with individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jamal
- Department of Nephrology, Samtah General Hospital, Samtah, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
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Jamal A, Subramanian PT, Hussain KS. Nail changes in end-stage renal failure patients on hemodialysis. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2000; 11:44-47. [PMID: 18209298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the fingernail changes in patients with end-stage renal failure (ESRF) on regular hemodialysis (HD), we reviewed 69 patients (male 25, female 44; age 40 +/- 14.8 years) who have been on HD at Samtah General Hospital, Gizan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for a mean of 4.3 +/- 3.06 years. They were free from congenital, systemic or primary skin disorders contributing to nail changes. The patients were also free from ornamental dyes like henna, traumatic injuries or infections in the fingernails. They were also clinically free from features suggestive of the carpal tunnel syndrome or vascular steal syndrome secondary to arteriovenous fistula (AVF) created for vascular access. Their nails were examined under bright day light by the authors independently. The findings consistent among all three observers were taken for analysis. Hemoglobin and serum albumin levels were also estimated. We compared these changes according to age, sex, and duration on chronic hemodialysis, AVF, and the levels of serum albumin and hemoglobin. One or more nail changes were observed in 44/69 (64%) patients. The commonest abnormality was the so-called "Half-and-half nail changes", which was observed in the finger nails of 18/69 (26%) of the study patients (males to female ratio was 2:1). Typically, the half-and-half nails are nails where the distal portion of the nail bed is red, pink or brown, occupies 20-60% of the total nail length and is always sharply demarcated with the proximal portion. The latter has a dull whitish ground glass appearance and when pressure is applied, the distal discoloration does not fade completely. Non-specific nail changes were observed 26/69 (38%) patients. The hemoglobin and serum albumin levels were not significantly different of those with 'half-and-half' nail, non-specific nail changes or no nail changes. We conclude that various fingernail changes are observed in ESRF patients on HD. These nail changes are independent of the age of the patient, duration on HD, AVF or hemoglobin or albumin levels. However, a gender dependent trend was noticed and the half-and-half nail seems to be characteristic of uremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jamal
- Department of Nephrology, Samtah General Hospital, Samtah, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Knawy B, Morad N, Jamal A, Mirdad S, Abol Fotouh M, Ahmed ME, Saydain G, Seidi O, Shatoor A. Helicobacter pylori and intestinal metaplasia with its subtypes in the gastric antrum in a Saudi population. Scand J Gastroenterol 1999; 34:562-5. [PMID: 10440604 DOI: 10.1080/003655299750026001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a close association between intestinal metaplasia (IM) and the development of gastric cancer as well as a relationship between Helicobacter pylori, IM, and gastric cancer. Our aim was to study the frequency and subtypes of IM in a Saudi population with dyspepsia, a population with a low prevalence of gastric cancer. METHODS Endoscopic antral biopsy specimens were histologically studied for the presence of IM and H. pylori in consecutive patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for evaluation of dyspepsia. Hematoxylin and eosin and Giemsa stain were used to study IM, inflammation, and H. pylori, whereas Alcian blue, pH 2.5/periodic acid-Schiff and high iron diamine/Alcian blue, pH 2.5, were used to study IM subtypes. RESULTS Seven hundred and seventy-eight consecutive patients were recruited in this study, 415 men and 363 women, with a mean age of 43 +/- 17.6 years. Of the 778 patients, IM was identified in 118 (15.2%). The mean ages of patients with IM (48.8 +/- 18.7) and without IM (41.9 +/- 17.4) were statistically significant (P < 0.0001), whereas the patients' sex did not influence the presence of IM. Most had type-I IM (59.3%), whereas 26.3% and 14.4% had types II and III, respectively. The overall rate of infection with H. pylori was 75.4%. There was no difference in the frequency of IM in patients with or without H. pylori (15.5% versus 14.1%; P = 0.65). Of the 118 patients with IM, the 91 patients (77.1%) who also had H. pylori were older (55 +/- 23 years) than those without H. pylori (47 +/- 17 years, P = 0.05). CONCLUSION This study has documented mainly that the prevalence of IM and IM subtype III is low in our population. Furthermore, we found no significant relationship between a high rate of H. pylori infection with either IM in general or with IM subtype III in particular, possibly accounting for a low incidence of gastric cancer in the Saudi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Al-Knawy
- Dept. of Medicine, King Saud University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Jamal A, Ramzan A. Association of Hb-D trait with nephrotic syndrome: a fact or coincidence? J PAK MED ASSOC 1999; 49:44-5. [PMID: 10513437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Jamal
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, National Institute of Child Health, Karachi
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