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Nikolic B, Trnski-Levak S, Kosic K, Drlje M, Banovac I, Hranilovic D, Jovanov-Milosevic N. Lasting mesothalamic dopamine imbalance and altered exploratory behavior in rats after a mild neonatal hypoxic event. Front Integr Neurosci 2024; 17:1304338. [PMID: 38304737 PMCID: PMC10832065 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2023.1304338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adversities during the perinatal period can decrease oxygen supply to the fetal brain, leading to various hypoxic brain injuries, which can compromise the regularity of brain development in different aspects. To examine the catecholaminergic contribution to the link between an early-life hypoxic insult and adolescent behavioral aberrations, we used a previously established rat model of perinatal hypoxia but altered the hypobaric to normobaric conditions. Methods Exploratory and social behavior and learning abilities were tested in 70 rats of both sexes at adolescent age. Inherent vertical locomotion, sensory-motor functions and spatial learning abilities were explored in a subset of animals to clarify the background of altered exploratory behavior. Finally, the concentrations of dopamine (DA) and noradrenaline in midbrain and pons, and the relative expression of genes for DA receptors D1 and D2, and their down-stream targets (DA- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32 kDa, the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A, and inhibitor-5 of protein phosphatase 1) in the hippocampus and thalamus were investigated in 31 rats. Results A lesser extent of alterations in exploratory and cognitive aspects of behavior in the present study suggests that normobaric conditions mitigate the hypoxic injury compared to the one obtained under hypobaric conditions. Increased exploratory rearing was the most prominent consequence, with impaired spatial learning in the background. In affected rats, increased midbrain/pons DA content, as well as mRNA levels for DA receptors and their down-stream elements in the thalamus, but not the hippocampus, were found. Conclusion We can conclude that a mild hypoxic event induced long-lasting disbalances in mesothalamic DA signaling, contributing to the observed behavioral alterations. The thalamus was thereby indicated as another structure, besides the well-established striatum, involved in mediating hypoxic effects on behavior through DA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Nikolic
- Department of Biology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sara Trnski-Levak
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Kosic
- Department of Biology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matea Drlje
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Banovac
- Department of Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department for Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dubravka Hranilovic
- Department of Biology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Natasa Jovanov-Milosevic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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Dumanovic J, Nikolic B, Jokanovic P. 123 Enterobius vermicularis infection and multiple fetal anomalies in early pregnancy – Case report. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2022.02.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Blazevic SA, Glogoski M, Nikolic B, Hews DK, Lisicic D, Hranilovic D. Differences in cautiousness between mainland and island Podarcis siculus populations are paralleled by differences in brain noradrenaline/adrenaline concentrations. Physiol Behav 2020; 224:113072. [PMID: 32659392 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive behavior is shaped by the type and intensity of selection pressures coming from the environment, such as predation risk and resource availability, and can be modulated by individual's neuroendocrine profile involving steroid hormones and the brain-stem monoaminergic circuits projecting to forebrain structures. Boldness when faced with a predator and exploration/activity when confronted with a new environment reflect the degree of cautiousness and/or "risk-taking" of an individual. In this study we have explored to which extent two populations of Podarcis siculus occupying different ecological niches: mainland (ML) and an islet (ISL) differ in the level of cautiousness and whether these differences are paralleled by differences in their monoaminergic profiles. Boldness was tested in the field as antipredator behavior, while novel space and object explorations were tested in a laboratory setting in an open field apparatus. Finally, serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR) concentrations were measured in whole brain samples by ELISA. Lizards from ML population spent significantly more time hiding after a predator encounter in the field, displayed lower intensity of novel space exploration in a laboratory setting, and contained significantly higher whole-brain concentrations of NA and ADR than their ISL counterparts. Parallelism between the level of risk-taking behavior and concentrations of neurotransmitters mediating alertness and reaction to stress suggests that the differing environmental factors on ML and ISL may have shaped the degree of cautiousness in the residing lizard populations by affecting the activity of NA/ADR neural circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Ana Blazevic
- Division of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Roosveltov trg 6, HR, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Glogoski
- Division of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Roosveltov trg 6, HR, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Barbara Nikolic
- Division of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Roosveltov trg 6, HR, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Diana K Hews
- Department of Biology, Indiana State University, 600 North Chestnut Street, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
| | - Duje Lisicic
- Division of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Roosveltov trg 6, HR, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dubravka Hranilovic
- Division of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Roosveltov trg 6, HR, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Mitrovic-Jovanovic A, Dragojevic-Dikic S, Zamurovic M, Nikolic B, Gojnic M, Rakic S, Jovanovic T. Comparison of electrolytic status (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) in preterm and term deliveries. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2012; 39:479-482. [PMID: 23444748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION The objective of this study was to evaluate the electrolytic status of Na+, K+, Ca+, and Mg2+ in serum and red blood cells in idiopathic preterm and term deliveries. METHODS The study included 105 pregnant women diagnosed with idiopathic premature delivery (study group) and 36 pregnant women with physiologically term delivery (controls). Samples of mother's blood were collected and analyzed for the level of electrolytes in the serum/plasma and red blood cells. RESULTS Measured values of magnesium in red blood cells in the study group were far lower than physiological values, intracellular calcium levels were higher in the study group compared to levels measured in the controls. Sodium concentrations in cells were significantly lower in subjects with premature delivery. CONCLUSION The magnesium intracellular level is the best representative value of magnesium in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mitrovic-Jovanovic
- University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics Narodni Front, School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Nikolic B, Veljkovic V, Zivic M. Transcutaneous pacing in CPR—A case report. Resuscitation 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2010.09.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Primo VC, Marusic S, Franklin CC, Goldmann WH, Achaval CG, Smith RN, Arnaout MA, Nikolic B. Anti-PR3 immune responses induce segmental and necrotizing glomerulonephritis. Clin Exp Immunol 2009; 159:327-37. [PMID: 20015271 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.04072.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a life-threatening autoimmune vasculitis that affects lungs, kidneys and other organs. A hallmark of WG is the presence of classic anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (c-ANCA) against self-proteinase 3 (PR3). Little is known about the role of these antibodies and PR3-specific immune responses in disease development. In this study, we demonstrate that PR3-specific autoimmune responses are pathogenic in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice with an impaired regulatory arm of the immune response. Immunization of autoimmunity prone NOD mice with rmPR3 (recombinant mouse PR3) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) resulted in high levels of c-ANCA, without detectable disease development. However, when splenocytes from these immunized mice were transferred into immunodeficient NOD-severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice, the recipient mice developed vasculitis and severe segmental and necrotizing glomerulonephritis. No disease developed in NOD-SCID mice that received splenocytes from the CFA-alone-immunized donors (controls), indicating that disease development depends upon PR3-specific immune responses. In contrast to the pathology observed in NOD-SCID mice, no disease was observed when splenocytes from rmPR3-immunized C57BL/6 mice were transferred into immunodeficient C57BL/6-RAG-1(-/-) mice, suggesting that complex and probably multi-genetic factors play a role in the regulation of disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- V C Primo
- The Nephrology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
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Cirovic A, Nikolic B. GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC NEOPLASMS IN PERIMENOPAUSE AND MENOPAUSE. Maturitas 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5122(09)70485-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nikolic B, Elian M, Mertyna P, Yam S, Goldberg N. Abstract No. 45: The Effect of Hepatic Radiofrequency Ablation on Stem Cell Trafficking in the Rat Model. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2008.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Abstract
The aim of our study was to investigate the incidence of ovarian malignant neoplasms in pregnancy. In the prospective study, during a 2-year period of time, we had the ethical dilemma concerning the conciliar treatment vs the patient's wish to deliver and save the reproductive capabilities. We examined 37 pregnant women; the incidence of ovarian cancer was 13.5% vs 6.5% in other works. Diagnoses were made by ultrasound criteria and physical examinations. Statistically significant results were obtained by Student t test. Mean gestational age was 20.1 weeks and mean age 31.1 years. Treatment depends on the neoplasms type, grade, and presence of the metastatic pathways. In benign neoplasms, we used laparoscopic treatment with minor invasion. Distribution of benign neoplasms was in the same range as that in other works.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rakic
- Obstetric Department, University Clinic Narodni Front, University School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro.
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Koss-Harnes D, Høyheim B, Jonkman MF, de Groot WP, de Weerdt CJ, Nikolic B, Wiche G, Gedde-Dahl T. Life-long course and molecular characterization of the original Dutch family with epidermolysis bullosa simplex with muscular dystrophy due to a homozygous novel plectin point mutation. Acta Derm Venereol 2004; 84:124-31. [PMID: 15206692 DOI: 10.1080/00015550310007094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plectin is one of the largest and most versatile cytolinker proteins known. Cloned and sequenced in 1991, it was later shown to have nonsense mutations in recessive epidermolysis bullosa with muscular dystrophy. A dominant mutation in the gene was found to cause epidermolysis bullosa simplex Ogna without muscular dystrophy. Here we report the DNA sequencing of the plectin gene (PLEC1) in a Dutch family originally described in 1972 as having epidermolysis bullosa with muscular dystrophy. The results revealed homozygosity for a new plectin nonsense mutation at position 13187 and its specific 8q24 marker haplotype profile. Western blotting of cultured fibroblasts and immunofluorescence microscopy of skin biopsy confirm that the plectin protein expression is grossly reduced or absent. A summary of the life-long clinical course of the two affected brothers homozygous for the new E1914X mutation is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Koss-Harnes
- Dermatological DNA Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, and Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Abstract
This is a case report of consequences that malignant gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) can cause on reproductive health protruding into uterine wall and damaging uterine tissue. Transvaginal Doppler ultrasound examination can be of great value in detecting molar tissue, protrusion of malignant trophoblast in uterine wall, and neovasularization in malignant tissue. It is expected to measure a low resistance index in a field of neovascularization, because neovascularization in malignancy is not rare and those vessels do not have muscular stratum. This case is an example of possible irreversible serious and large damages that can be seen after successful treatment of GTD. They are warning on possible high degree of malignancy in GTD as well as on possible serious impact on reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Clinic 'Narodni Front', School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro.
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Nikolic B, Lukic R. Choriocarcinoma – postdisease ultrasonographic findings. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200407000-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This is a case report of consequences that malignant gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) can cause on reproductive health protruding into uterine wall and damaging uterine tissue. Transvaginal Doppler ultrasound examination can be of great value in detecting molar tissue, protrusion of malignant trophoblast in uterine wall, and neovasularization in malignant tissue. It is expected to measure a low resistance index in a field of neovascularization, because neovascularization in malignancy is not rare and those vessels do not have muscular stratum. This case is an example of possible irreversible serious and large damages that can be seen after successful treatment of GTD. They are warning on possible high degree of malignancy in GTD as well as on possible serious impact on reproductive health.
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Nikolic B, Abbara S, Heindel W, Volz M, Terstegge K, Klug N, Lackner K. Sakrale Perineuralzysten -gibt es radiologische Kriterien für eine Operationsindikation? ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2001. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-11850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Nikolic B, Khan A, Sykes M. Induction of tolerance by mixed chimerism with nonmyeloblative host conditioning: the importance of overcoming intrathymic alloresistance. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2001; 7:144-53. [PMID: 11302548 DOI: 10.1053/bbmt.2001.v7.pm11302548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen, consisting of depleting doses of anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) given on days -6 and -1 and 3 Gy of whole body irradiation given on day 0, allows the engraftment of fully major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-mismatched allogeneic bone marrow and the induction of tolerance for the graft. If MoAbs are given on day -5 only, permanent chimerism and tolerance are not observed in most animals. The addition of thymic irradiation to the single MoAb treatment permits tolerance induction in these mice, suggesting that residual host thymocytes reject donor marrow in recipients of 1, but not 2, MoAb injections. In this study, both CD4+ and CD8+ thymocytes were found to be responsible for residual alloreactivity in mice receiving only 1 MoAb injection. Co-receptor coating and downmodulation on residual thymocytes occur to a greater extent in recipients of 2 MoAb injections than in recipients of a single MoAb injection. This downmodulation may play a role in the loss of alloreactivity. Our results suggest that a second MoAb injection inactivates mature, functional donor-alloreactive CD4+ and CD8+ host thymocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Section, Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02129, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- I Leykin
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Section, Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Nikolic B, Zhao G, Sykes M. A role for donor-derived B cells but not T cells in the maintenance of mixed hematopoietic chimerism. Transplant Proc 2001; 33:182. [PMID: 11266770 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)01966-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Section, Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Nikolic B, Cooke DT, Zhao G, Sykes M. Both gamma delta T cells and NK cells inhibit the engraftment of xenogeneic rat bone marrow cells and the induction of xenograft tolerance in mice. J Immunol 2001; 166:1398-404. [PMID: 11145725 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.2.1398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In murine allogeneic bone marrow transplantation recipients, treatment of the hosts with a nonmyeloablative regimen, including depleting anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 mAbs, allows establishment of long-term mixed chimerism and donor-specific tolerance. However, in the xenogeneic rat-to-mouse combination, additional anti-Thy1.2 and anti-NK1.1 mAbs are required. We have now attempted to identify the xenoresistant mouse cell populations that are targeted by anti-NK1.1 and anti-Thy1.2 mAbs. C57BL/6 (B6) wild-type, B6 TCRbeta(-/-), and B6 TCRdelta(-/-) mice received anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 mAbs, followed by 3 Gy of whole body irradiation, 7 Gy of thymic irradiation, and transplantation of T cell-depleted rat bone marrow cells. Anti-NK1.1 and anti-Thy1.2 mAbs were additionally administered to some groups. Increased rat chimerism was observed in TCRdelta(-/-) mice treated with anti-CD4, anti-CD8, and anti-NK1.1 mAbs compared with similarly treated TCRbeta(-/-) mice. In TCRbeta(-/-) mice, but not in TCR delta(-/-) mice, donor chimerism was increased by treatment with anti-Thy1.2 mAb, indicating that CD4(-)CD8(-)TCRgammadelta(+)Thy1. 2(+)NK1.1(-) cells (gammadelta T cells) are involved in the rejection of rat marrow. In addition, chimerism was enhanced in both TCRbeta(-/-) and TCRdelta(-/-) mice treated with anti-CD4, anti-CD8, and anti-Thy1.2 mAbs by the addition of anti-NK1.1 mAb to the conditioning regimen. Donor-specific skin graft prolongation was enhanced by anti-Thy1.2 and anti-NK1.1 mAbs in TCRdelta(-/-) mice. Therefore, in addition to CD4 and CD8 T cells, gammadelta T cells and NK cells play a role in resisting engraftment of rat marrow and the induction of xenograft tolerance in mice.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bone Marrow Cells/immunology
- Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism
- Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Female
- Genes, T-Cell Receptor beta/immunology
- Genes, T-Cell Receptor delta/immunology
- Graft Rejection/genetics
- Graft Rejection/immunology
- Immune Tolerance/genetics
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/transplantation
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred A
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Radiation Chimera
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred F344
- Rats, Inbred WF
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/deficiency
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/physiology
- Skin Transplantation/immunology
- Species Specificity
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/transplantation
- Transplantation, Heterologous/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Section, Transplantation Biology Research Center, Surgical Service, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the estimated absorbed ovarian dose (EAOD) and absorbed skin dose (ASD) that occurs during uterine artery embolization (UAE) using pulsed fluoroscopy and a refined procedure protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS The absorbed dose was measured in 20 patients who underwent UAE procedures. Radiation was limited by using low frequency pulsed fluoroscopy, bilateral catheter technique with simultaneous injections for embolization as well as pre-and postembolization exposures and focus on limitation of magnified and oblique fluoroscopy. Lithium fluoride dosimeters were placed both in the posterior vaginal fornix and on the skin at the beam entrance site. The vaginal dose was used to approximate the EAOD. Fluoroscopy time and exposures were recorded. The mean values for all patients were calculated and compared to our previous results obtained with conventional fluoroscopy and to threshold doses for the induction of deterministic skin injury. RESULTS Mean fluoroscopy time was 10.95 min. (range 6-21.3 min.) and the mean number of angiographic exposures was 20.9 (range 14-53). The mean EAOD was 9.5 cGy (range 2.21-23.21 cGy) and the mean ASD was 47.69 cGy (range 10.83-110.14 cGy). This compares to previous results with non-pulsed fluoroscopy of an EAOD of 22.34 cGy (range 4.25-65.08 cGy) and an ASD of 162.32 cGy (range 66.01-303.89 cGy) as well as threshold doses for induction of deterministic radiation injury to the skin (400-500 cGy). CONCLUSION When pulsed fluoroscopy is used with emphasis on dose reduction techniques, the EAOD and ASD can be substantially reduced to less than 1/2 (P = .017) and 1/3 (P < .0001) when compared to UAE performed with nonpulsed fluoroscopy. These radiation reduction tools should therefore be applied whenever possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Department of Radiology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
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Nikolic B, Abbara S, Heindel W, Volz M, Terstegge K, Klug N, Lackner K. [The sacral perineural system--are there radiological criteria for an indication for surgery? First results and literature survey]. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2000; 172:1035-42. [PMID: 11199432 DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-11848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To establish recommendations for diagnostic imaging of cystic lesions of the sacral region and to evaluate for potential predictors of therapeutic outcome. METHODS Conventional imaging of the lumbar spine, conventional CT, myelography, post myelo-CT and MRI were performed in 7 symptomatic [corrected] patients. All patients underwent operative decompression and histological examination. The radiographic examinations were reevaluated retrospectively and correlated with the postoperative outcome. RESULTS In one patient the differential diagnosis of a neurinoma could not be excluded with CT and CT-myelography alone. In all 7 patients MRI provided a definite diagnosis and a precise presentation of the cyst extension. A complete postoperative remission of symptoms was noticed in 4, a partial remission in three cases. The correlation of cyst extension, cyst shape, and the communication with the subarachnoid space did not provide predictive information concerning operative outcome. CONCLUSION MR can be used as the sole imaging tool for demonstration of cystic lesions. Relevant disadvantages in comparison to myelography and myelo-CT were not evident. No imaging modality could predict the value of surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Institut für Radiologie und Radiologische Diagnostik der Universität zu Köln.
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Nikolic B, Abbara S, Heindel W, Volz M, Terstegge K, Klug N, Lackner K. Sakrale Perineuralzysten -gibt es radiologische Kriterien für eine Operationsindikation? - Eigene Ergebnisse und Literaturübersicht -. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2000. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-11848-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Nikolic B, Abbara S, Levy E, Imaoka I, Lundsten ML, Jha RC, Spies JB. Influence of radiographic technique and equipment on absorbed ovarian dose associated with uterine artery embolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2000; 11:1173-8. [PMID: 11041474 DOI: 10.1016/s1051-0443(07)61359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the influence of pulsed fluoroscopy (PF), nonpulsed fluoroscopy (NPF), and various fluoroscopic techniques on the absorbed ovarian dose (AOD) associated with uterine artery embolization (UAE) of leiomyomata. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ovarian location was estimated from preprocedural pelvic magnetic resonance images of 23 patients previously treated by means of UAE. The AOD was measured with thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) placed into an anthropomorphic phantom at the determined ovarian location. The following measurements from PF and NPF were obtained: 21.89 minutes of nonmagnified posterior-anterior fluoroscopy, 10 minutes of nonmagnified oblique fluoroscopy, 10 minutes of posterior-anterior magnified fluoroscopy, 10 minutes of combined oblique magnified fluoroscopy, and 47 simulated angiographic exposures. Numbers for nonmagnified posterior-anterior fluoroscopy time and exposure numbers were chosen from the average values from previous UAE procedures. AOD from pulsed and nonpulsed nonmagnified posterior-anterior fluoroscopy was compared to measurements from oblique magnified, posterior-anterior magnified, and oblique fluoroscopy. RESULTS AOD from NPF was, on average, 1.7 times higher than from PF. When compared with nonmagnified posterior-anterior fluoroscopy, the AOD from oblique magnified fluoroscopy was 1.9 times greater; the AOD from nonmagnified oblique fluoroscopy was 1.1 times greater. The AOD from oblique magnified fluoroscopy was 1.5 times higher on the side closer to the x-ray tube than on the contralateral side. AOD from serial angiographic exposures contributed only less than 7% to the total AOD for the average UAE procedure. CONCLUSIONS The AOD associated with UAE can best be reduced by limiting fluoroscopy time and the use of oblique or magnified fluoroscopy. Contribution of angiographic exposures to AOD is much less significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Department of Radiology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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Nikolic B, Zhao G, Swenson K, Sykes M. A novel application of cyclosporine A in nonmyeloablative pretransplant host conditioning for allogeneic BMT. Blood 2000; 96:1166-72. [PMID: 10910938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of mice with anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) on day -5, plus 3 Gy whole body irradiation (WBI) and 7 Gy thymic irradiation (TI) on day 0, allows fully major-histocompatibility-complex-mismatched allogeneic bone marrow engraftment and the induction of immunologic tolerance. TI is required in this model to overcome alloreactivity and possibly to make "space" in the recipient thymus so that lasting central tolerance can be achieved. In addition to suppressing mature T cells in the periphery, Cyclosporine A (CYA) and glucocorticoids have a powerful influence on the thymus. In this study, we evaluated whether the administration of CYA to recipient mice for 12 days prior to bone marrow transplant (BMT), of glucocorticosteroids on the day of BMT, or a combination of both, could create space and overcome alloresistance in the thymus by specifically depleting immature and mature thymocytes prior to BMT. High levels of multilineage donor hematopoietic repopulation and specific transplantation tolerance were achieved in mice treated from days -15 to -3 with CYA (20 mg/kg/d subcutaneously), anti-CD4/CD8 mAbs on day -5, followed by 3 Gy WBI and 15 x 10(6) allogeneic bone marrow cells on day 0. Vbeta analysis suggested a central deletional tolerance mechanism. The same treatment without CYA pretreatment allowed only transient chimerism, without tolerance. Corticosteroid treatment abolished the engraftment-promoting and tolerance-inducing effects of CYA. These results demonstrate a novel pretransplantation-only application of CYA, which facilitates allogeneic marrow engraftment with minimal conditioning, by creating thymic space and/or overcoming intrathymic alloresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Section, Transplantation Biology Research Center, Surgical Service, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA
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24
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Nikolic B, Lee S, Bronson RT, Grusby MJ, Sykes M. Th1 and Th2 mediate acute graft-versus-host disease, each with distinct end-organ targets. J Clin Invest 2000; 105:1289-98. [PMID: 10792004 PMCID: PMC315439 DOI: 10.1172/jci7894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
STAT4 and STAT6 are transcription factors that play crucial roles in responding to IL-12 and IL-4, respectively. STAT4 gene knockout (STAT4(-/-)) mice have markedly reduced Th1 responses and enhanced Th2 responses. STAT6(-/-) mice show the inverse phenotype. We compared the ability of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) with the inclusion of spleen cells from STAT6(-/-), STAT4(-/-), and wild-type (WT) mice to produce graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in lethally irradiated MHC-mismatched recipients. Acute GVHD mortality was more rapid when induced by cells from STAT6(-/-) mice than when induced by STAT4(-/-) cells. However, cells from STAT4(-/-) and STAT6(-/-) donors both induced delayed GVHD mortality compared with WT controls, or compared with combined STAT4(-/-) and STAT6(-/-) cells, indicating a contribution of both Th1 cells and Th2 cells to acute GVHD. Recipients of STAT6(-/-) BMT showed evidence of acute GVHD with severe diarrhea and marked weight loss. Recipients of STAT4(-/-) BMT showed signs of GVHD with only initial transient weight loss and later development of severe skin GVHD. Histopathology showed that Th2 responses were required for the induction of both hepatic and severe skin GVHD. In contrast, both Th1 cells and Th2 cells were capable of causing intestinal pathology of GVHD. Our studies demonstrate an additive role for Th1 and Th2 cells in producing acute GVHD, and suggest a cytokine-directed approach to treating end-organ manifestations of GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Section, Transplantation Biology Research Center, Surgical Service, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA
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25
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Steinböck FA, Nikolic B, Coulombe PA, Fuchs E, Traub P, Wiche G. Dose-dependent linkage, assembly inhibition and disassembly of vimentin and cytokeratin 5/14 filaments through plectin's intermediate filament-binding domain. J Cell Sci 2000; 113 ( Pt 3):483-91. [PMID: 10639335 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.113.3.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plectin, the largest and most versatile member of the cytolinker/plakin family of proteins characterized to date, has a tripartite structure comprising a central 200 nm-long (α)-helical rod domain flanked by large globular domains. The C-terminal domain comprises a short tail region preceded by six highly conserved repeats (each 28–39 kDa), one of which (repeat 5) contains plectin's intermediate filament (IF)-binding site. We used recombinant and native proteins to assess the effects of plectin repeat 5-binding to IF proteins of different types. Quantitative Eu(3+)-based overlay assays showed that plectin's repeat 5 domain bound to type III IF proteins (vimentin) with preference over type I and II cytokeratins 5 and 14. The ability of both types of IF proteins to self-assemble into filaments in vitro was impaired by plectin's repeat 5 domain in a concentration-dependent manner, as revealed by negative staining and rotary shadowing electron microscopy. This effect was much more pronounced in the case of vimentin compared to cytokeratins 5/14. Preassembled filaments of both types became more and more crosslinked upon incubation with increasing concentrations of plectin repeat 5. However, at high proportions of plectin to IF proteins, disassembly of filaments occurred. Again, vimentin filaments proved considerably more sensitive towards disassembly than those composed of cytokeratins 5 and 14. In general, IFs formed from recombinant proteins were found to be slightly more responsive towards plectin influences than their native counterparts. A dose-dependent plectin-inflicted collapse and putative disruption of IFs was also observed in vivo after ectopic expression of vimentin and plectin's repeat 5 domain in cotransfected vimentin-deficient SW13 (vim(-)) cells. Our results suggest an involvement of plectin not only in crosslinking and stabilization of cytoskeletal IF networks, but also in regulation of their dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Steinböck
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Austria
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26
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Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the estimated absorbed radiation doses to the ovaries and skin entrance during uterine artery embolization (UAE) for leiomyomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS Radiation dose was measured in 20 patients who underwent UAE for leiomyomas. Measurements were obtained by placing lithium fluoride dosimeters both into the posterior fornix of the vagina and on the skin at the beam entrance site. Patient doses were obtained with thermoluminescent dosimeters. RESULTS The mean fluoroscopic time was 21.89 minutes, and the mean number of angiographic exposures was 44. The mean estimated absorbed ovarian dose was 22.34 cGy, and the mean absorbed skin dose was 162.32 cGy. These values compare to published values for the assessed absorbed ovarian dose during hysterosalpingography (0.04-0.55 cGy), fallopian tube recanalization (0.2-2.75 cGy), computed tomography of the trunk (0.1-1.9 cGy), and pelvic irradiation for Hodgkin disease (263-3,500 cGy). CONCLUSION The estimated absorbed ovarian dose during UAE is greater than that during common fluoroscopic procedures. On the basis of the known risks of pelvic irradiation for Hodgkin disease, the dose associated with UAE is unlikely to result in acute or long-term radiation injury to the patient or to a measurable increase in the genetic risk to the patient's future children.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Department of Radiology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
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27
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Nikolic B, Spies JB, Abbara S, Goodwin SC. Ovarian artery supply of uterine fibroids as a cause of treatment failure after uterine artery embolization: a case report. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1999; 10:1167-70. [PMID: 10527192 DOI: 10.1016/s1051-0443(99)70215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Department of Radiology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
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28
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Abbara S, Spies JB, Scialli AR, Jha RC, Lage JM, Nikolic B. Transcervical expulsion of a fibroid as a result of uterine artery embolization for leiomyomata. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1999; 10:409-11. [PMID: 10229467 DOI: 10.1016/s1051-0443(99)70057-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Abbara
- Department of Radiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007-2197, USA
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29
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Nikolic B, Gardner JP, Scadden DT, Arn JS, Sachs DH, Sykes M. Normal development in porcine thymus grafts and specific tolerance of human T cells to porcine donor MHC. J Immunol 1999; 162:3402-7. [PMID: 10092795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The induction of T cell tolerance is likely to play an essential role in successful xenotransplantation in humans. In this study, we show that porcine thymus grafts in immunodeficient mice support normal development of polyclonal, functional human T cells. These T cells were specifically tolerant to MHC Ags of the porcine thymus donor and responded to nondonor porcine xenoantigens and alloantigens. Exogenous IL-2 did not abolish tolerance, suggesting central clonal deletion rather than anergy as the likely tolerance mechanism. Our study suggests that the thymic transplantation approach to achieving tolerance with restoration of immunocompetence may be applicable to xenotransplantation of pig tissues to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA
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30
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Knezevic N, Nikolic B, Brajsa K, Spaventi R, Jonjic N, Jonjic S, Marusic S. Monoclonal antibodies against maternal major histocompatibility complex class I molecules induce rapid abortion in mice. Am J Reprod Immunol 1999; 41:217-23. [PMID: 10326625 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.1999.tb00535.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM The role of antibodies against fetal or maternal antigens in maintaining or losing pregnancy is not clear. METHOD OF STUDY Term-pregnant mice were injected with monoclonal antibodies against only fetal or fetal and maternal major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. The development of pregnancy was then followed. RESULTS Antibodies against maternal, but not fetal, major histocompatibility complex class I molecules induced abortion in mice. The abortion occurred 6-8 hr after the administration of autoreactive antibodies. The abortion could only be induced after the formation of placenta. Antibodies against tumor necrosis factor-alpha could not prevent or postpone the abortion. Extensive bleeding has been detected in the placenta of aborting mice 3 hr after the administration of the antibodies. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that autoreactive antibodies present risk for pregnancy and that the damage leading to abortion induced by such antibodies most likely occurs at the maternal side of placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Knezevic
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute Ruder Boskovic, Zagreb, Croatia
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31
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Bone Marrow Transplantation/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Immunosuppression Therapy/methods
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Lymphocyte Depletion
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred F344
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/deficiency
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/physiology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/deficiency
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/physiology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Transplantation, Heterologous/immunology
- Whole-Body Irradiation
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Cooke
- Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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32
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Section, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA
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33
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Andjelkovic AV, Nikolic B, Pachter JS, Zecevic N. Macrophages/microglial cells in human central nervous system during development: an immunohistochemical study. Brain Res 1998; 814:13-25. [PMID: 9838024 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00830-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The development of microglia and macrophages was studied in 14 human embryos and fetuses ranging in age from 4.5-13.5 gestational weeks (g.w.), using lectins, Ricinus communis agglutinin-1 [RCA-1], and Lycopersicon esculentum, tomato lectin (TL), which recognize macrophages and microglia, and antibodies for the macrophage antigen CD68. Lectin-positive (+) cells were observed at 4.5 g.w., the youngest age examined. They were detected in the leptomeninges around the neural tube, and only rarely were observed in the CNS parenchyma. At 5.5 g.w., lectin+ cells were present throughout the CNS parenchyma, and a portion of these cells could also be labeled with antibody to CD68. In subsequent weeks, both types of cells, lectin+ and CD68+/lectin+ cells co-existed and progressively developed typical microglial morphology. In addition, in double label experiments, an antibody that labels CD14 antigen present on monocytes, hematogenous precursors of tissue macrophages, did not label either lectin+ or CD68+/lectin+ cells in CNS parenchyma. Additional immunocytochemical studies with appropriate markers excluded the possibility that any of the cells described here were either astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, endothelial cells or neurons. Our finding that one class of cells can be labeled early only with lectins, while another can be labeled with both lectins and CD68 macrophage antibody, may reflect a different origin of microglia in the early embryonic CNS compared to the fetal stages. This subdivision appears to be maintained in the adult brains as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Andjelkovic
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-1840, USA
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35
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Andrä K, Nikolic B, Stöcher M, Drenckhahn D, Wiche G. Not just scaffolding: plectin regulates actin dynamics in cultured cells. Genes Dev 1998; 12:3442-51. [PMID: 9808630 PMCID: PMC317224 DOI: 10.1101/gad.12.21.3442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/1998] [Accepted: 09/15/1998] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Plectin, a major linker and scaffolding protein of the cytoskeleton, has been shown to be essential for the mechanical integrity of skin, skeletal muscle, and heart. Studying fibroblast and astroglial cell cultures derived from plectin (-/-) mice, we found that their actin cytoskeleton, including focal adhesion contacts, was developed more extensively than in wild-type cells. Also it failed to show characteristic short-term rearrangments in response to extracellular stimuli activating the Rho/Rac/Cdc42 signaling cascades. As a consequence, cell motility, adherence, and shear stress resistance were altered, and morphogenic processes were delayed. Furthermore, we show that plectin interacts with G-actin in vitro in a phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate-dependent manner and associates with actin stress fibers in living cells. The actin stress fiber phenotype of plectin-deficient fibroblasts could be reversed to a large degree by transient transfection of full-length plectin or plectin fragments containing the amino-terminal actin-binding domain (ABD). These results reveal a novel role of plectin as regulator of cellular processes involving actin filament dynamics that goes beyond its proposed role in scaffolding and mechanical stabilization of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Andrä
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Vienna Biocenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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36
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Nikolic B, Lei H, Pearson DA, Sergio JJ, Swenson KG, Sykes M. Role of intrathymic rat class II+ cells in maintaining deletional tolerance in xenogeneic rat-->mouse bone marrow chimeras. Transplantation 1998; 65:1216-24. [PMID: 9603171 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199805150-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mixed xenogeneic bone marrow chimerism and tolerance can be induced in mice conditioned with a nonmyeloablative regimen followed by injection of T cell-depleted rat bone marrow cells. We hypothesized that, despite a gradual decline in rat hematopoiesis observed in these chimeras, as long as rat class II+ antigen-presenting cells remain in their thymi, tolerance will persist as a result of deletion of donor-reactive thymocytes. METHODS The level of chimerism and of mouse Vbeta5 and Vbeta11 T-cell deletion was followed over time. These results were correlated with the presence of rat class II+ cells in the thymus by immunohistochemistry and the presence of tolerance in long-term chimeras by in vivo and in vitro assays. RESULTS (1) Proliferation and cytotoxicity assays, as well as skin graft survival, demonstrated the presence of specific tolerance to host and to donor rat, with normal reactivity to third-party rat and mouse stimulators, even as late as 85 weeks after bone marrow transplantation. (2) The absence of mature Vbeta5+ and Vbeta11+ host T cells in the thymus and periphery was always associated with the presence of rat class II+ cells in the thymus, and incomplete deletion of T cells expressing these Vbeta families was observed in thymi in which rat class II+ cells were not detectable. CONCLUSIONS Donor-specific T-cell tolerance is maintained during the period when donor-type reconstitution declines, and is most likely mediated by intrathymic clonal deletion of T cells that recognize antigens expressed on class II+ rat cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Section, Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA
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37
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Abstract
Durable transplantation tolerance can be reliably achieved by inducing engraftment of hematopoietic cells in recipients initially depleted of T-lymphocytes. Engraftment of donor pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells (PPHSC) produces mixed hematopoietic chimeras in which both host and donor cells coexist and are tolerant of each other. The major mechanism of tolerance in these chimeras is central, intrathymic clonal deletion, which is induced and maintained by immigration of both host and donor marrow-derived cells to the host thymus, ensuring the ongoing central deletion of donor- and host-reactive cells. In this article, approaches developed in our laboratory to induce stable mixed hematopoietic chimerism and specific central deletional allogeneic and xenogeneic tolerance without toxic or myeloablative host conditioning are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- BMT Section, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA
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38
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Abstract
Engraftment of allogeneic or xenogeneic pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells into nonmyeloablated but immunodepleted (preconditioned) recipients can produce a state of immunological tolerance to donor and host. Host and donor hematopoietic cells entering the thymus ensure deletion of both donor- and host-reactive thymocytes. Additional mechanisms are involved in tolerance induced in recipients that are not immunodepleted. Grafting of donor thymic tissue to thymectomized recipients is an alternative approach for inducing central T cell tolerance without the requirement for engraftment of donor hematopoietic stem cells. During the past year, advances have been made in understanding both the requirements for preconditioning and the mechanisms of tolerance induction in the above transplantation models.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Section, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA
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39
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Nikolic B, Sykes M. Clonal deletion as a mechanism of transplantation tolerance. J Heart Lung Transplant 1996; 15:1171-8. [PMID: 8981201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- BMT Section, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA
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40
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Nikolic B, Mac Nulty E, Mir B, Wiche G. Basic amino acid residue cluster within nuclear targeting sequence motif is essential for cytoplasmic plectin-vimentin network junctions. J Cell Biol 1996; 134:1455-67. [PMID: 8830774 PMCID: PMC2121005 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.134.6.1455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We have generated a series of plectin deletion and mutagenized cDNA constructs to dissect the functional sequences that mediate plectin's interaction with intermediate filament (IF) networks, and scored their ability to coalign or disrupt intermediate filaments when ectopically expressed in rat kangaroo PtK2 cells. We show that a stretch of approximately 50 amino acid residues within plectin's carboxy-terminal repeat 5 domain serves as a unique binding site for both vimentin and cytokeratin IF networks of PtK2 cells. Part of the IF-binding domain was found to constitute a functional nuclear localization signal (NLS) motif, as demonstrated by nuclear import of cytoplasmic proteins linked to this sequence. Site directed mutagenesis revealed a specific cluster of four basic amino acid residues (arg4277-arg4280) residing within the NLS sequence motif to be essential for IF binding. When mutant proteins corresponding to those expressed in PtK2 cells were expressed in bacteria and purified proteins subjected to a sensitive quantitative overlay binding assay using Eu3+-labeled vimentin, the relative binding capacities of mutant proteins measured were fully consistent with the mutant's phenotypes observed in living cells. Using recombinant proteins we also show by negative staining and rotary shadowing electron microscopy that in vitro assembled vimentin intermediate filaments become packed into dense aggregates upon incubation with plectin repeat 5 domain, in contrast to repeat 4 domain or a mutated repeat 5 domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nikolic
- Vienna Biocenter, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University of Vienna, Austria
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41
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Verney C, Zecevic N, Nikolic B, Alvarez C, Berger B. Early evidence of catecholaminergic cell groups in 5- and 6-week-old human embryos using tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase immunocytochemistry. Neurosci Lett 1991; 131:121-4. [PMID: 1686476 DOI: 10.1016/0304-3940(91)90351-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Catecholaminergic systems were visualized in the CNS of human embryos from stage 15-16 (5 gestational week, g.w.) to 18 (6 g.w.) using tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) as immunocytochemical markers. At 5 g.w., several TH-like immunoreactive (TH-IR) cell groups were identified in the medulla oblongata, pons, mesencephalon and the anlage of the hypothalamic area. DBH immunoreactivity was restricted to the locus coeruleus and to rare neurons in the medulla oblongata. At 6 g.w., the density of TH-IR neurons was strikingly increased in these different areas--especially in the prospective substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area--and two main bundles of catecholaminergic axons extended from the medulla oblongata until the basal forebrain and from the mesencephalic tegmentum to the anlage of the striatum. These pathways were mainly TH-IR but DBH-IR was also observed in the former. No TH-IR fibers reached the telencephalon at 6 g.w.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Verney
- Inserm U. 106, Hôpital Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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42
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Djurić M, Zlatić B, Jelicić L, Knezev B, Nikolic B. [A rare pulmonary embolism due to amniotic fluid]. SRP ARK CELOK LEK 1978; 106:755-60. [PMID: 572586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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