1
|
Ko A, Noel M, Chao J, Sohal D, Crow M, Oberstein P, Scott A, McRee A, Rocha Lima C, Fong L, Keenan B, Filbert E, Hsu F, Shankaran V. 1229P A multicenter phase II study of sotigalimab (CD40 agonist) in combination with neoadjuvant chemoradiation for resectable esophageal and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancers. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
2
|
Diaw A, Barros K, Haack J, Junghans C, Keenan B, Li YW, Livescu D, Lubbers N, McKerns M, Pavel RS, Rosenberger D, Sagert I, Germann TC. Multiscale simulation of plasma flows using active learning. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:023310. [PMID: 32942385 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.023310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Plasma flows encountered in high-energy-density experiments display features that differ from those of equilibrium systems. Nonequilibrium approaches such as kinetic theory (KT) capture many, if not all, of these phenomena. However, KT requires closure information, which can be computed from microscale simulations and communicated to KT. We present a concurrent heterogeneous multiscale approach that couples molecular dynamics (MD) with KT in the limit of near-equilibrium flows. To reduce the cost of gathering information from MD, we use active learning to train neural networks on MD data obtained by randomly sampling a small subset of the parameter space. We apply this method to a plasma interfacial mixing problem relevant to warm dense matter, showing considerable computational gains when compared with the full kinetic-MD approach. We find that our approach enables the probing of Coulomb coupling physics across a broad range of temperatures and densities that are inaccessible with current theoretical models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Diaw
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - K Barros
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - J Haack
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - C Junghans
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - B Keenan
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - Y W Li
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - D Livescu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - N Lubbers
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - M McKerns
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - R S Pavel
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - D Rosenberger
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - I Sagert
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - T C Germann
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Webster JC, Keenan B, Schwab RJ. 0562 Differences in Upper Airway Soft Tissue Volumes Between African American and Caucasian Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Research suggests greater obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity in African-Americans than Caucasians. However, the underlying mechanisms causing this ethnic disparity are unknown. To evaluate possible mechanisms, we compared the size of the tongue between African American and Caucasian OSA patients using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), controlling for age, body mass index (BMI) and apnea-hypoxia index (AHI). Given prior evidence of more severe OSA in African Americans, we hypothesized these patients would have larger soft tissue volumes compared to Caucasians.
Methods
Upper airway soft tissue volumes, (total tongue, tongue fat, lateral walls, pterygoids, total soft tissue) were quantified using MRI and compared between Caucasian (n=133) and African American (n=175) patients with moderate OSA. Analyses were conducted using regression models controlling for age, sex, BMI and AHI.
Results
Among all OSA patients, African Americans had higher BMI than Caucasians (40.0±8.6 vs. 37.1±8.1 kg/m2, p=0.0024) and a higher proportion of females (66.3% vs. 36.1%; p<0.0001). There were no significant differences in age (p=0.143) or AHI (p=0.314). Controlling for these covariates, there were no differences between African American and Caucasian OSA patients in tongue fat volume (mean [95% confidence interval] difference = 479 [-3156, 4115] mm3; p=0.794). However, African Americans had a 13,286 (6,439, 20,132) mm3 larger total tongue volume compared to Caucasians (p=0.0002). Larger volumes in African Americans were also observed for the soft palate (p<0.0001), retropalatal lateral walls (p=0.003), pterygoid (p=0.034) and total soft tissue volume (p=0.0003).
Conclusion
African Americans were observed to have larger volumes of the tongue, soft palate, retropalatal lateral walls, pterygoids and total soft tissue volume compared to Caucasians, although there were no differences in AHI and tongue fat volume. The study contributes to the overall understanding of ethnic-specific pathology of OSA and can potentially influence how African Americans and Caucasians are diagnosed and treated specifically for the disease.
Support
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J C Webster
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - B Keenan
- The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - R J Schwab
- The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu J, Geng E, Brake L, Wiemken A, Keenan B, Kubin L, Schwab R. 0237 Effect of Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia on Spatial Performance in Rats. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Cognitive and spatial dysfunction is common among patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The cause of these abnormalities may be related to the effects of hypoxic damage in the brain during sleep. Here we report a rodent model for chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) that examines spatial performance tasks via a Barnes Maze paradigm. We hypothesized that increased severity of CIH yields decreased cognitive and spatial performance.
Methods
Three groups of rats were subject to varying levels of hypoxia conditions: sham (21% oxygen; n = 19), moderate (11% oxygen; n = 14), and severe (6% oxygen; n = 21). To deliver hypoxia, rats were exposed to three-minute cycles of oxygen between 21% and condition-specific nadir oxygen for 12 hours daily (during sleep) in specialized chambers. Barnes maze testing was performed at 0, 1, 2, and 3 months. Rats were placed on a circular platform with 19 shallow holes and one deeper target hole to escape the noxious sound. Each month, rats had 3 minutes to find the target hole in four daily trials over four consecutive days. Average maze completion time on day 4 was recorded.
Results
Rats from the three hypoxia groups did not differ significantly in mean maze completion time at baseline (0 months). Throughout the three months of exposure to hypoxic conditions, maze completion time on day 4 did not differ significantly from baseline for sham rats. However, by month 3, rats exposed to severe hypoxic conditions had a significantly larger percent increase from baseline compared to sham rats (p = 0.0358).
Conclusion
Our findings indicate that rats undergoing intermittent hypoxia perform worse than normoxic rats in spatial performance tasks. These data suggest there is a relationship between CIH and cognitive/spatial impairment.
Support
Funded by NIH P01 HL094307
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Xu
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - E Geng
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - L Brake
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - A Wiemken
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - B Keenan
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - L Kubin
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - R Schwab
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu J, Geng E, Brake L, Wiemken A, Keenan B, Kubin L, Schwab R. 0424 Effect of Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia on Global Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Oxygen Consumption in Rats. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) commonly exhibit grey and white matter loss, which may be related to hypoxic damage in the brain during sleep. Our preliminary data demonstrated lower values of cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) consumption in apneics versus controls. As such, reduced CMRO2 may be an important contributor to the neurologic consequences of OSA. Here we report a rodent model for chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) to quantify effects on CMRO2 consumption. We hypothesized that increased severity of CIH results in decreased CMRO2 levels.
Methods
Three groups of rats were subject to varying levels of hypoxia: sham (21% oxygen; n = 19), moderate (11% oxygen; n = 14), and severe (6% oxygen; n = 21). To deliver hypoxia, rats were exposed to three-minute cycles of oxygen between 21% and condition-specific nadir O2 for 12 hours daily during their sleep cycle. CMRO2 values were measured with MRI techniques, performed on anesthetized rats before and after 3 months exposure to CIH.
Results
Rats from the three hypoxia groups did not differ significantly in CMRO2 values at baseline (0 months). After 3 months of exposure to hypoxic conditions, there was a trending difference (p=0.0726) in percent change from baseline between severely hypoxic (-35.3%) and sham (+12.3%) rats. Moderately hypoxic rats demonstrated an intermediate decrease from baseline after 3 months (-19.0%).
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that increased severity of intermittent hypoxia yields a dose-response decrease in brain oxygen consumption. Our data add to the growing body of evidence on the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and hypoxic damage in the brain, suggesting that CMRO2 levels may be an indicator of the neurologic consequences of OSA.
Support
Funded by NIH P01 HL094307
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Xu
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - E Geng
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - L Brake
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - A Wiemken
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - B Keenan
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - L Kubin
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - R Schwab
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ihemeremadu N, Lavi-Romer N, Zang Y, Keenan B, Schwab R. 1057 Evaluating Differences In Upper Airway Anatomy Between Diabetic And Non-diabetic OSA Patients. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Studies show that OSA is linked to impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and the onset of diabetes. We hypothesized that diabetic OSA patients will have higher apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) values than OSA patients without diabetes after adjusting for age and body mass index (BMI) and that this difference can be explained through increases in upper airway structures between diabetic and non-diabetic OSA patients.
Methods
This study evaluated differences in upper airway and craniofacial dimensions and volume of the pharyngeal soft tissues between diabetic and non-diabetic patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Airway sizes, soft tissue volumes and craniofacial dimensions were quantified using three-dimensional MRI in OSA patients without diabetes (n=237) and OSA patients with diabetes (n=64). Comparisons in upper airway measures among diabetics and non-diabetics were performed using linear regression models controlling for age, sex, BMI, race, and AHI.
Results
Among study participants, diabetic OSA patients were older than non-diabetic OSA patients (54.2±10.1 vs. 47.3±11.1 years; p<0.0001). No significant differences were found between diabetic and non-diabetic OSA patients with respect to BMI (39.8±7.0 vs. 38.4±8.8 kg/m2; p=0.207) or AHI (45.0±31.0 vs. 38.8±27.8 events/hour; p=0.154). In covariate adjusted models, non-diabetic OSA patients also had smaller RP minimum airway area (adjusted difference [95% CI] = -3119 [-5359, 879] mm2; p=0.0066) and RP minimum AP distance (-16.0 mm [-29.6, -2.5]; p=0.021) compared to diabetic OSA patients. No differences were observed in soft tissue volumes or craniofacial dimensions.
Conclusion
While diabetics had higher average AHI, we observed no significant differences in AHI between diabetic and non-diabetic patients with sleep apnea. In general, upper airway anatomy was similar between diabetic and non-diabetics apneics, controlling for demographic factors and AHI. Future studies should examine dynamic changes, in addition to static upper airway anatomy, in diabetic and non-diabetics apneics.
Support
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Y Zang
- Penn Sleep Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - B Keenan
- Penn Sleep Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - R Schwab
- Penn Sleep Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Keenan B, Finol-Urdaneta RK, Hope A, Bremner JB, Kavallaris M, Lucena-Agell D, Oliva MÁ, Díaz JF, Vine KL. N-alkylisatin-based microtubule destabilizers bind to the colchicine site on tubulin and retain efficacy in drug resistant acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines with less in vitro neurotoxicity. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:170. [PMID: 32467666 PMCID: PMC7229617 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01251-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug resistance and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy continue to be significant problems in the successful treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). 5,7-Dibromo-N-alkylisatins, a class of potent microtubule destabilizers, are a promising alternative to traditionally used antimitotics with previous demonstrated efficacy against solid tumours in vivo and ability to overcome P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated drug resistance in lymphoma and sarcoma cell lines in vitro. In this study, three di-brominated N-alkylisatins were assessed for their ability to retain potency in vincristine (VCR) and 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2) resistant ALL cell lines. For the first time, in vitro neurotoxicity was also investigated in order to establish their suitability as candidate drugs for future use in ALL treatment. METHODS Vincristine resistant (CEM-VCR R) and 2-methoxyestradiol resistant (CEM/2ME2-28.8R) ALL cell lines were used to investigate the ability of N-alkylisatins to overcome chemoresistance. Interaction of N-alkylisatins with tubulin at the the colchicine-binding site was studied by competitive assay using the fluorescent colchicine analogue MTC. Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells differentiated into a morphological and functional dopaminergic-like neurotransmitter phenotype were used for neurotoxicity and neurofunctional assays. Two-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey's post hoc test or a two-tailed paired t test was used to determine statistical significance. RESULTS CEM-VCR R and CEM/2ME2-28.8R cells displayed resistance indices of > 100 to VCR and 2-ME2, respectively. CEM-VCR R cells additionally displayed a multi-drug resistant phenotype with significant cross resistance to vinblastine, 2ME2, colchicine and paclitaxel consistent with P-gp overexpression. Despite differences in resistance mechanisms observed between the two cell lines, the N-alkylisatins displayed bioequivalent dose-dependent cytotoxicity to that of the parental control cell line. The N-alkylisatins proved to be significantly less neurotoxic towards differentiated SH-SY5Y cells than VCR and vinblastine, evidenced by increased neurite length and number of neurite branch points. Neuronal cells treated with 5,7-dibromo-N-(p-hydroxymethylbenzyl)isatin showed significantly higher voltage-gated sodium channel function than those treated with Vinca alkaloids, strongly supportive of continued action potential firing. CONCLUSIONS The N-alkylisatins are able to retain cytotoxicity towards ALL cell lines with functionally distinct drug resistance mechanisms and show potential for reduced neurotoxicity. As such they pose as promising candidates for future implementation into anticancer regimes for ALL. Further in vivo studies are therefore warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryce Keenan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Rocio K. Finol-Urdaneta
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522 Australia
- Electrophysiology Facility for Cell Phenotyping and Drug Discovery, Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - Ashleigh Hope
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - John B. Bremner
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, NSW Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, UNSW, Sydney, NSW Australia
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Daniel Lucena-Agell
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángela Oliva
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Fernando Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kara L. Vine
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522 Australia
- Centre for Oncology Education and Research Translation (CONCERT), Cancer Institute NSW Translational Cancer Research Centre, NSW, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu L, Mazzotti D, Keenan B, Wiemken A, Staley B, Benedikstdottir B, Juliusson S, Pack A, Gislason T, Schwab R. Structural risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea at different levels of obesity. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
9
|
Koach J, Holien JK, Massudi H, Carter DR, Ciampa OC, Herath M, Lim T, Seneviratne JA, Milazzo G, Murray JE, McCarroll JA, Liu B, Mayoh C, Keenan B, Stevenson BW, Gorman MA, Bell JL, Doughty L, Hüttelmaier S, Oberthuer A, Fischer M, Gifford AJ, Liu T, Zhang X, Zhu S, Gustafson WC, Haber M, Norris MD, Fletcher JI, Perini G, Parker MW, Cheung BB, Marshall GM. Drugging MYCN Oncogenic Signaling through the MYCN-PA2G4 Binding Interface. Cancer Res 2019; 79:5652-5667. [PMID: 31501192 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
MYCN is a major driver for the childhood cancer, neuroblastoma, however, there are no inhibitors of this target. Enhanced MYCN protein stability is a key component of MYCN oncogenesis and is maintained by multiple feedforward expression loops involving MYCN transactivation target genes. Here, we reveal the oncogenic role of a novel MYCN target and binding protein, proliferation-associated 2AG4 (PA2G4). Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that MYCN occupies the PA2G4 gene promoter, stimulating transcription. Direct binding of PA2G4 to MYCN protein blocked proteolysis of MYCN and enhanced colony formation in a MYCN-dependent manner. Using molecular modeling, surface plasmon resonance, and mutagenesis studies, we mapped the MYCN-PA2G4 interaction site to a 14 amino acid MYCN sequence and a surface crevice of PA2G4. Competitive chemical inhibition of the MYCN-PA2G4 protein-protein interface had potent inhibitory effects on neuroblastoma tumorigenesis in vivo. Treated tumors showed reduced levels of both MYCN and PA2G4. Our findings demonstrate a critical role for PA2G4 as a cofactor in MYCN-driven neuroblastoma and highlight competitive inhibition of the PA2G4-MYCN protein binding as a novel therapeutic strategy in the disease. SIGNIFICANCE: Competitive chemical inhibition of the PA2G4-MYCN protein interface provides a basis for drug design of small molecules targeting MYC and MYCN-binding partners in malignancies driven by MYC family oncoproteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Koach
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jessica K Holien
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hassina Massudi
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel R Carter
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Randwick New South Wales, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
| | - Olivia C Ciampa
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mika Herath
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Taylor Lim
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Janith A Seneviratne
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Giorgio Milazzo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jayne E Murray
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joshua A McCarroll
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, UNSW, Australia
| | - Bing Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bryce Keenan
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brendan W Stevenson
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael A Gorman
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica L Bell
- The Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University of Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Larissa Doughty
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefan Hüttelmaier
- The Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University of Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Andre Oberthuer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Children's Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Children's Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Children's Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrew J Gifford
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Anatomical Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tao Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center and Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Shizhen Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center and Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - W Clay Gustafson
- Department of Pediatrics, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jamie I Fletcher
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Giovanni Perini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michael W Parker
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Belamy B Cheung
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia. .,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Randwick New South Wales, Australia.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Glenn M Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia. .,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Randwick New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sio H, Frenje JA, Le A, Atzeni S, Kwan TJT, Gatu Johnson M, Kagan G, Stoeckl C, Li CK, Parker CE, Forrest CJ, Glebov V, Kabadi NV, Bose A, Rinderknecht HG, Amendt P, Casey DT, Mancini R, Taitano WT, Keenan B, Simakov AN, Chacón L, Regan SP, Sangster TC, Campbell EM, Seguin FH, Petrasso RD. Observations of Multiple Nuclear Reaction Histories and Fuel-Ion Species Dynamics in Shock-Driven Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:035001. [PMID: 30735406 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.035001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fuel-ion species dynamics in hydrodynamiclike shock-driven DT^{3}He-filled inertial confinement fusion implosion is quantitatively assessed for the first time using simultaneously measured D^{3}He and DT reaction histories. These reaction histories are measured with the particle x-ray temporal diagnostic, which captures the relative timing between different nuclear burns with unprecedented precision (∼10 ps). The observed 50±10 ps earlier D^{3}He reaction history timing (relative to DT) cannot be explained by average-ion hydrodynamic simulations and is attributed to fuel-ion species separation between the D, T, and ^{3}He ions during shock convergence and rebound. At the onset of the shock burn, inferred ^{3}He/T fuel ratio in the burn region using the measured reaction histories is much higher as compared to the initial gas-filled ratio. As T and ^{3}He have the same mass but different charge, these results indicate that the charge-to-mass ratio plays an important role in driving fuel-ion species separation during strong shock propagation even for these hydrodynamiclike plasmas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Sio
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J A Frenje
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Le
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Atzeni
- Dipartimento SBAI, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza," Via Antonio Scarpa 14, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - T J T Kwan
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Gatu Johnson
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Kagan
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - C Stoeckl
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C K Li
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C E Parker
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C J Forrest
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - V Glebov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - N V Kabadi
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Bose
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - P Amendt
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D T Casey
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - R Mancini
- Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, 89557, USA
| | - W T Taitano
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B Keenan
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - A N Simakov
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - L Chacón
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S P Regan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - T C Sangster
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - E M Campbell
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - F H Seguin
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R D Petrasso
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kuna ST, Townsend RR, Keenan B, Maislin D, Sif Arnardottir E, Gislason T, Benediktsdottir B, Gudmundsdottir S, Sifferman A, Staley B, Pack FM, Guo X, Maislin G, Chirinos J, Pack AI. 0520 Blood Pressure Effects of Positive Airway Pressure Treatment in Obese and Non-obese Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S T Kuna
- Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - B Keenan
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - D Maislin
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | | | | | - A Sifferman
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - B Staley
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - F M Pack
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - X Guo
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - G Maislin
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - J Chirinos
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - A I Pack
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tan M, Keenan B, Staley B, Anafi R, Schwab R, Schutte-Rodin S. 1083 Using an Electronic Health Record (EHR) to Identify Chronic CPAP Users with Abnormal HL7 CPAP Data. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Tan
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - B Keenan
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - B Staley
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - R Anafi
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - R Schwab
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - S Schutte-Rodin
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
McClenahan R, Jayanthi A, Keenan B, Gurubhagavatula I. 0609 Anonymity Increases Affirmative Responses To Assess Sleep Apnea Risk Assessment In Transportation Employees. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - B Keenan
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - I Gurubhagavatula
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- CMC VAMC, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mastromatto N, Killough N, Keenan B, Schwab R, Bergmann A, Simonsen S, Staley B, Bae C, Schutte-Rodin S. 1075 The Effect of Changing the First CPAP Mask on Compliance. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.1074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - B Keenan
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadlephia, PA
| | - R Schwab
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadlephia, PA
| | - A Bergmann
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadlephia, PA
| | - S Simonsen
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadlephia, PA
| | - B Staley
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadlephia, PA
| | - C Bae
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadlephia, PA
| | - S Schutte-Rodin
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadlephia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wiemken A, Keenan B, Schwab R. 0501 Comparing Ultrasound to MRI for Volumetric Analysis of Tongue. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Wiemken
- Department of Sleep Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - B Keenan
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - R Schwab
- Department of Sleep Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chang Y, Staley B, Simonsen S, Breen M, Keenan B, Schwab R, Bae C, Pack A, Schutte-Rodin S. 1087 Transitioning from Paper to Electronic Health Record Collection of Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) for Quality Measures. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.1086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Chang
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - B Staley
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - S Simonsen
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - M Breen
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - B Keenan
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - R Schwab
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - C Bae
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - A Pack
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - S Schutte-Rodin
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vidigal T, Oliveira L, Moura T, Haddad F, Sutherland K, Cistulli P, Schwab R, Pack A, Magalang U, Leinwand S, Keenan B, Chen NH, Maislin G, Mazzotti D, Hirotsu C, Tufik S, Bittencourt L. Can intra-oral and facial photos predict OSA in the general and clinical population? Sleep Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
18
|
Rizzatti FG, Mazzotti DR, Maislin G, Keenan B, Mindel J, Pack FM, Sutherland K, Cistulli P, Singh B, McArdle N, Chen N, Pack AI, Bittencourt L, Tufik S, Magalang U. 0460 DEFINING OSA EXTREME PHENOTYPES ACROSS THE WORLD: A SLEEP APNEA GLOBAL INTERDISCIPLINARY CONSORTIUM EFFORT. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
19
|
Xu L, Han F, Keenan B, Kneeland-Szanto E, Yan H, Dong X, Chang Y, Zhao L, Zhang X, Li J, Pack A, Kuna S. 0491 VALIDATION OF THE NOX-T3 PORTABLE MONITOR FOR DIAGNOSIS OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN CHINESE ADULTS. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
20
|
Mindel JW, Maislin G, Keenan B, McArdle N, Singh B, Chen N, Pack F, Mazzotti DR, Bittencourt L, Sutherland K, Cistulli P, Pack AI, Magalang U. 0482 PERFORMANCE OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPTOMLESS PREDICTION TOOL FOR OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
21
|
Grandner MA, Gallagher R, Keenan B, Hale L, Alfonso-Miller P, Branas C, Barrett M. 0810 SLEEP AND HEALTHY ACTIVITY, DIET, ENVIRONMENT, AND SOCIALIZATION: THE SHADES STUDY. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
22
|
Sio H, Frenje JA, Katz J, Stoeckl C, Weiner D, Bedzyk M, Glebov V, Sorce C, Gatu Johnson M, Rinderknecht HG, Zylstra AB, Sangster TC, Regan SP, Kwan T, Le A, Simakov AN, Taitano WT, Chacòn L, Keenan B, Shah R, Sutcliffe G, Petrasso RD. A Particle X-ray Temporal Diagnostic (PXTD) for studies of kinetic, multi-ion effects, and ion-electron equilibration rates in Inertial Confinement Fusion plasmas at OMEGA (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D701. [PMID: 27910508 DOI: 10.1063/1.4961552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A Particle X-ray Temporal Diagnostic (PXTD) has been implemented on OMEGA for simultaneous time-resolved measurements of several nuclear products as well as the x-ray continuum produced in High Energy Density Plasmas and Inertial Confinement Fusion implosions. The PXTD removes systematic timing uncertainties typically introduced by using multiple instruments, and it has been used to measure DD, DT, D3He, and T3He reaction histories and the emission history of the x-ray core continuum with relative timing uncertainties within ±10-20 ps. This enables, for the first time, accurate and simultaneous measurements of the x-ray emission histories, nuclear reaction histories, their time differences, and measurements of Ti(t) and Te(t) from which an assessment of multiple-ion-fluid effects, kinetic effects during the shock-burn phase, and ion-electron equilibration rates can be made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Sio
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J A Frenje
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Katz
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C Stoeckl
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D Weiner
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M Bedzyk
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - V Glebov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C Sorce
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M Gatu Johnson
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H G Rinderknecht
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A B Zylstra
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - T C Sangster
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S P Regan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - T Kwan
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - A Le
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - A N Simakov
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - W T Taitano
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - L Chacòn
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B Keenan
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R Shah
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - G Sutcliffe
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R D Petrasso
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lim D, Brady D, Soans R, Kim E, Valverde L, Kim W, Park M, Keenan B, Shackleford J, Pack A. Effects of cyclical intermittent hypoxia on the blood–brain barrier. Sleep Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
24
|
Brady M, Gillespie E, Zhang M, Heydrick S, King E, Keenan B, Gruver C, Stucchi A. Protease-Activated Receptors (PARs) 1 and 2 Are Upregulated in Ischemic Peritoneal Adhesion Tissue in a Rat Model of Adhesion Formation and in Hypoxic Human Mesothelial Cells In Vitro: Potential Molecular Targets for the Prevention of Intraabdominal Adhesions. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
25
|
Forthal DN, Landucci G, Keenan B. Relationship between antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, plasma HIV type 1 RNA, and CD4+ lymphocyte count. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2001; 17:553-61. [PMID: 11350669 DOI: 10.1089/08892220151126661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the role of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in controlling HIV-1 infection, ADCC was compared with plasma RNA and CD4+ cell count in 40 patients not receiving antiretroviral therapy and in seven patients after the initiation of treatment. Among untreated patients, ADCC effector cell function of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, measured by (51)Cr release assay, correlated inversely with viral load (R = -0.42, p = 0.007) and directly with CD4+ cell count (R = 0.52, p = 0.001). On the other hand, HIV-1-specific ADCC antibody level correlated directly with viral load, but only among patients with high CD4+ cell counts. Therapy-induced changes in ADCC effector cell function correlated strongly with changes in CD4+ cell count (R = 0.86, p = 0.014), whereas there was no consistent pattern of change in ADCC antibody with therapy. In a novel assay, ADCC reduced virus yield from CD4+ lymphocytes infected with a primary HIV isolate. ADCC may contribute to control of viremia, and CD4+ lymphocytes likely play a role in ADCC effector and antibody functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D N Forthal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine College of Medicine, Orange, California 92868, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Forthal DN, Landucci G, Haubrich R, Keenan B, Kuppermann BD, Tilles JG, Kaplan J. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity independently predicts survival in severely immunocompromised human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. J Infect Dis 1999; 180:1338-41. [PMID: 10479168 DOI: 10.1086/314988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The exact immune defects leading to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated opportunistic infections, malignancies, and death are unknown. In this study, the relationship between survival and 2 immune functions, cytomegalovirus-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and natural killer (NK) activity, was determined by using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 39 severely immunocompromised patients (median CD4 count, 7). Median follow-up was 414 days; 15 subjects died and 24 remained alive. In a Kaplan-Meier analysis, high baseline ADCC (>median) was associated with improved survival (P=.05). A similar trend was observed for NK activity (P=.1). In a multivariate model controlling for baseline CD4 cell count, HIV RNA, and use of protease inhibitors during follow-up, high ADCC, but not high NK activity, remained significantly associated with a lower risk of death (relative risk, 0.18; 95% confidence interval, 0.05-0.75). ADCC may be an important determinant of disease progression independently of anti-retroviral therapy, CD4 cell count, and HIV RNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D N Forthal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Veldhuis JD, Metzger DL, Martha PM, Mauras N, Kerrigan JR, Keenan B, Rogol AD, Pincus SM. Estrogen and testosterone, but not a nonaromatizable androgen, direct network integration of the hypothalamo-somatotrope (growth hormone)-insulin-like growth factor I axis in the human: evidence from pubertal pathophysiology and sex-steroid hormone replacement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82:3414-20. [PMID: 9329378 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.82.10.4317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the gonadotropic and somatotropic axes in puberty is marked by striking amplification of pulsatile neurohormone secretion. In addition, each axis, as a whole, constitutes a regulated network whose feedback relationships are likely to manifest important changes at the time of puberty. Here, we use the regularity statistic, approximate entropy (ApEn), to assess feedback activity within the somatotropic (hypothalamo-pituitary/GH-insulin-like growth factor I) axis indirectly. To this end, we studied pubertal boys and prepubertal girls or boys with sex-steroid hormone deficiency treated short-term with estrogen, testosterone, or a nonaromatizable androgen in a total of 3 paradigms. First, our cross-sectional analysis of 53 boys at various stages of puberty or young adulthood revealed that mean ApEn, taken as a measure of feedback complexity, of 24-h serum GH concentration profiles is maximal in pre- and mid-late puberty, followed by a significant decline in postpubertal adolescence and young adulthood (P = 0.0008 by ANOVA). This indicates that marked disorderliness of the GH release process occurs in mid-late puberty at or near the time of peak growth velocity, with a return to maximal orderliness thereafter at reproductive maturity. Second, oral administration of ethinyl estradiol for 5 weeks to 7 prepubertal girls with Turner's syndrome also augmented ApEn significantly (P = 0.018), thus showing that estrogen per se can induce greater irregularity of GH secretion. Third, in 5 boys with constitutionally delayed puberty, im testosterone administration also significantly increased ApEn of 24-h GH time series (P = 0.0045). In counterpoint, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone, a nonaromatizable androgen, failed to produce a significant ApEn increase (P > 0.43). We conclude from these three distinct experimental contexts that aromatization of testosterone to estrogen in boys, or estrogen itself in girls, is likely the proximate sex-steroid stimulus amplifying secretory activity of the GH axis in puberty. In addition, based on inferences derived from mathematical models that mechanistically link increased disorderliness (higher ApEn) to network changes, we suggest that sex-steroid hormones in normal puberty modulate feedback within, and hence network function of, the hypothalamo-pituitary/GH-insulin-like growth factor I axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D Veldhuis
- Division of Endocrinology, National Science Foundation Center for Biological Timing, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville 22908, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Pollack MS, Keenan B, Christiansen FT, Cobain TJ, Dawkins RL, Clayton G. The immunological detection of a 21-OH deficiency mutation HLA supratype. Am J Hum Genet 1986; 38:688-98. [PMID: 3013005 PMCID: PMC1684832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the late-onset and cryptic forms of 21-hydroxylase deficiency are highly associated with the HLA supratype HLA-B14,C4A2,C4B1/2,DR1. Since cells from a number of unrelated normal individuals from different ethnic backgrounds expressing the DR1 associated with this supratype failed to stimulate two different DR1-restricted T-cell clones that proliferated in the presence of most other DR1 cells, we decided to test the hypothesis that cells with this supratype express "abnormal" DR1 molecules that have been affected in some way by the chromosomal mutation responsible for B14,DR1-associated 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OH-defL). The results showed an association between "abnormal" DR1 and 21-OH-defL (elevated rates of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone [17-OHP] increase and elevated peak 17-OHP values following ACTH stimulation). The presence of the B14,DR1 supratype can be used to predict the presence of "abnormal" DR1 and the clinical status of individuals not previously known to be 21-OH-defL carriers.
Collapse
|
30
|
Keenan B. Designing mental health studies: the pragmatics of nonexperimental design. Hosp Community Psychiatry 1975; 26:739-40. [PMID: 1193549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
31
|
Keenan B. Essentials of methodology for mental health evaluation. Hosp Community Psychiatry 1975; 26:730-3. [PMID: 1104462 DOI: 10.1176/ps.26.11.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
32
|
|