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Pontarini E, Sciacca E, Chowdhury F, Grigoriadou S, Rivellese F, Murray-Brown WJ, Lucchesi D, Fossati-Jimack L, Nerviani A, Jaworska E, Ghirardi GM, Giacomassi C, Emery P, Ng WF, Sutcliffe N, Everett C, Fernandez C, Tappuni A, Seror R, Mariette X, Porcher R, Cavallaro G, Pulvirenti A, Verstappen GM, de Wolff L, Arends S, Bootsma H, Lewis MJ, Pitzalis C, Bowman SJ, Bombardieri M. Serum and Tissue Biomarkers Associated With Composite of Relevant Endpoints for Sjögren Syndrome (CRESS) and Sjögren Tool for Assessing Response (STAR) to B Cell-Targeted Therapy in the Trial of Anti-B Cell Therapy in Patients With Primary Sjögren Syndrome (TRACTISS). Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:763-776. [PMID: 38073013 DOI: 10.1002/art.42772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify peripheral and salivary gland (SG) biomarkers of response/resistance to B cell depletion based on the novel concise Composite of Relevant Endpoints for Sjögren Syndrome (cCRESS) and candidate Sjögren Tool for Assessing Response (STAR) composite endpoints. METHODS Longitudinal analysis of peripheral blood and SG biopsies was performed pre- and post-treatment from the Trial of Anti-B Cell Therapy in Patients With Primary Sjögren Syndrome (TRACTISS) combining flow cytometry immunophenotyping, serum cytokines, and SG bulk RNA sequencing. RESULTS Rituximab treatment prevented the worsening of SG inflammation observed in the placebo arm, by inhibiting the accumulation of class-switched memory B cells within the SG. Furthermore, rituximab significantly down-regulated genes involved in immune-cell recruitment, lymphoid organization alongside antigen presentation, and T cell co-stimulatory pathways. In the peripheral compartment, rituximab down-regulated immunoglobulins and auto-antibodies together with pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Interestingly, patients classified as responders according to STAR displayed significantly higher baseline levels of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-13 (CXCL13), interleukin (IL)-22, IL-17A, IL-17F, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), whereas a longitudinal analysis of serum T cell-related cytokines showed a selective reduction in both STAR and cCRESS responder patients. Conversely, cCRESS response was better associated with biomarkers of SG immunopathology, with cCRESS-responders showing a significant decrease in SG B cell infiltration and reduced expression of transcriptional gene modules related to T cell costimulation, complement activation, and Fcγ-receptor engagement. Finally, cCRESS and STAR response were associated with a significant improvement in SG exocrine function linked to transcriptional evidence of SG epithelial and metabolic restoration. CONCLUSION Rituximab modulates both peripheral and SG inflammation, preventing the deterioration of exocrine function with functional and metabolic restoration of the glandular epithelium. Response assessed by newly developed cCRESS and STAR criteria was associated with differential modulation of peripheral and SG biomarkers, emerging as novel tools for patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Felice Rivellese
- Queen Mary University of London and Bart's Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wan Fai Ng
- Newcastle University and NIHR Newcastle Clinical Research Facility, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | | | - Anwar Tappuni
- Queen Mary University of London and Bart's Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Raphael Seror
- Université' Paris-Saclay, and AP-HP, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin, Bicêtre, France
| | - Xavier Mariette
- Université' Paris-Saclay, and AP-HP, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin, Bicêtre, France
| | - Raphael Porcher
- Université Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistiques Paris, France
| | | | | | - Gwenny M Verstappen
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Liseth de Wolff
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Arends
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrika Bootsma
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Miles J Lewis
- Queen Mary University of London and Bart's Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Simon J Bowman
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Laoué J, Gea-Izquierdo G, Dupouyet S, Conde M, Fernandez C, Ormeño E. Leaf morpho-anatomical adjustments in a Quercus pubescens forest after ten years of partial rain exclusion in the field. Tree Physiol 2024:tpae047. [PMID: 38676920 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpae047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
In the Mediterranean region, a reduction of annual precipitation and a longer and drier summer season are expected with climate change by the end of the century eventually endangering forest survival. To cope with such rapid change, trees may modulate their morpho-anatomical and physiological traits. In the present study, we focused on the variation in leaf gas exchange and different leaf morpho-anatomical functional traits of Quercus pubescens Willd. in summer using a long-term drought experiment in natura consisting of a dynamic rainfall exclusion system where trees have been submitted to amplified drought (AD) (~ -30% of annual precipitation) since April 2012 and compared to trees under natural drought (ND) in a Mediterranean forest. During the study, we analyzed net CO2 assimilation (An), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), water use efficiency (WUE), stomatal size and density, density of glandular trichomes and non-glandular trichomes, thickness of the different leaf tissues, specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf surface. Under AD, tree functioning was slightly impacted, since only An exhibited a 49% drop, while gs, E and WUE remained stable. The decrease in An under AD was regulated by concomitant lower stomatal density and reduced leaf thickness. Trees under AD also featured leaves with a higher non-glandular trichome density and a lower glandular trichome density compared to ND, which simultaneously limits transpiration and production costs. This study points out that Q. pubescens exhibits adjustments of leaf morpho-anatomical traits which can help trees to acclimate to amplified drought scenarios as those expected in the future in the Mediterranean region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Laoué
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | | | - Sylvie Dupouyet
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Elena Ormeño
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
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Laoué J, Havaux M, Ksas B, Tuccio B, Lecareux C, Fernandez C, Ormeño E. Long-term rain exclusion in a Mediterranean forest: response of physiological and physico-chemical traits of Quercus pubescens across seasons. Plant J 2023; 116:1293-1308. [PMID: 37596909 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
With climate change, an aggravation in summer drought is expected in the Mediterranean region. To assess the impact of such a future scenario, we compared the response of Quercus pubescens, a drought-resistant deciduous oak species, to long-term amplified drought (AD) (partial rain exclusion in natura for 10 years) and natural drought (ND). We studied leaf physiological and physico-chemical trait responses to ND and AD over the seasonal cycle, with a focus on chemical traits including major groups of central (photosynthetic pigments and plastoquinones) and specialized (tocochromanols, phenolic compounds, and cuticular waxes) metabolites. Seasonality was the main driver of all leaf traits, including cuticular triterpenoids, which were highly concentrated in summer, suggesting their importance to cope with drought and thermal stress periods. Under AD, trees not only reduced CO2 assimilation (-42%) in summer and leaf concentrations of some phenolic compounds and photosynthetic pigments (carotenoids from the xanthophyll cycle) but also enhanced the levels of other photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls, lutein, and neoxanthin) and plastochromanol-8, an antioxidant located in chloroplasts. Overall, the metabolomic adjustments across seasons and drought conditions reinforce the idea that Q. pubescens is highly resistant to drought although significant losses of antioxidant defenses and photoprotection were identified under AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Laoué
- Aix Marseille Univ., Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Havaux
- Aix Marseille Univ., CEA, CNRS UMR 7265 BIAM, CEA/Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lès-Durance, France
| | - Brigitte Ksas
- Aix Marseille Univ., CEA, CNRS UMR 7265 BIAM, CEA/Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lès-Durance, France
| | | | - Caroline Lecareux
- Aix Marseille Univ., Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | | | - Elena Ormeño
- Aix Marseille Univ., Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
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Ford AC, Wright-Hughes A, Alderson SL, Ow PL, Ridd MJ, Foy R, Bianco G, Bishop FL, Chaddock M, Cook H, Cooper D, Fernandez C, Guthrie EA, Hartley S, Herbert A, Howdon D, Muir DP, Nath T, Newman S, Smith T, Taylor CA, Teasdale EJ, Thornton R, Farrin AJ, Everitt HA. Amitriptyline at Low-Dose and Titrated for Irritable Bowel Syndrome as Second-Line Treatment in primary care (ATLANTIS): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2023; 402:1773-1785. [PMID: 37858323 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01523-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are managed in primary care. When first-line therapies for IBS are ineffective, the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guideline suggests considering low- dose tricyclic antidepressants as second-line treatment, but their effectiveness in primary care is unknown, and they are infrequently prescribed in this setting. METHODS This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (Amitriptyline at Low-Dose and Titrated for Irritable Bowel Syndrome as Second-Line Treatment [ATLANTIS]) was conducted at 55 general practices in England. Eligible participants were aged 18 years or older, with Rome IV IBS of any subtype, and ongoing symptoms (IBS Severity Scoring System [IBS-SSS] score ≥75 points) despite dietary changes and first-line therapies, a normal full blood count and C-reactive protein, negative coeliac serology, and no evidence of suicidal ideation. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to low-dose oral amitriptyline (10 mg once daily) or placebo for 6 months, with dose titration over 3 weeks (up to 30 mg once daily), according to symptoms and tolerability. Participants, their general practitioners, investigators, and the analysis team were all masked to allocation throughout the trial. The primary outcome was the IBS-SSS score at 6 months. Effectiveness analyses were according to intention-to-treat; safety analyses were on all participants who took at least one dose of the trial medication. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN Registry (ISRCTN48075063) and is closed to new participants. FINDINGS Between Oct 18, 2019, and April 11, 2022, 463 participants (mean age 48·5 years [SD 16·1], 315 [68%] female to 148 [32%] male) were randomly allocated to receive low-dose amitriptyline (232) or placebo (231). Intention-to-treat analysis of the primary outcome showed a significant difference in favour of low-dose amitriptyline in IBS-SSS score between groups at 6 months (-27·0, 95% CI -46·9 to -7·10; p=0·0079). 46 (20%) participants discontinued low-dose amitriptyline (30 [13%] due to adverse events), and 59 (26%) discontinued placebo (20 [9%] due to adverse events) before 6 months. There were five serious adverse reactions (two in the amitriptyline group and three in the placebo group), and five serious adverse events unrelated to trial medication. INTERPRETATION To our knowledge, this is the largest trial of a tricyclic antidepressant in IBS ever conducted. Titrated low-dose amitriptyline was superior to placebo as a second-line treatment for IBS in primary care across multiple outcomes, and was safe and well tolerated. General practitioners should offer low-dose amitriptyline to patients with IBS whose symptoms do not improve with first-line therapies, with appropriate support to guide patient-led dose titration, such as the self-titration document developed for this trial. FUNDING National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Technology Assessment Programme (grant reference 16/162/01).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Ford
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.
| | - Alexandra Wright-Hughes
- Clinical Trial Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sarah L Alderson
- Clinical Trial Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Pei-Loo Ow
- Clinical Trial Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Matthew J Ridd
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Robbie Foy
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Gina Bianco
- Clinical Trial Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Felicity L Bishop
- Centre for Clinical and Community Applications of Health Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Heather Cook
- Clinical Trial Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Deborah Cooper
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Catherine Fernandez
- Clinical Trial Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Elspeth A Guthrie
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Suzanne Hartley
- Clinical Trial Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Amy Herbert
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Daniel Howdon
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Delia P Muir
- Clinical Trial Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Taposhi Nath
- Clinical Trial Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sonia Newman
- Primary Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Thomas Smith
- Clinical Trial Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Christopher A Taylor
- Clinical Trial Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Emma J Teasdale
- Centre for Clinical and Community Applications of Health Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ruth Thornton
- Primary Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Amanda J Farrin
- Clinical Trial Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Hazel A Everitt
- Primary Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Gunsolley JC, Chalmers JD, Sibila O, Fernandez C, Scannapieco FA. Periodontal Effects of the Reversible Dipeptidyl Peptidase 1 Inhibitor Brensocatib in Bronchiectasis. JDR Clin Trans Res 2023:23800844231196884. [PMID: 37746735 DOI: 10.1177/23800844231196884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Brensocatib is a reversible inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 1 (cathepsin C), in development to treat chronic non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. The phase 2, randomized, placebo-controlled WILLOW trial (NCT03218917) was conducted to examine whether brensocatib reduced the incidence of pulmonary exacerbations. Brensocatib prolonged the time to the first exacerbation and led to fewer exacerbations than placebo. Because brensocatib potentially affects oral tissues due to its action on neutrophil-mediated inflammation, we analyzed periodontal outcomes in the trial participants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with bronchiectasis were randomized 1:1:1 to receive once-daily oral brensocatib 10 or 25 mg or placebo. Periodontal status was monitored throughout the 24-week trial in a prespecified safety analysis. Periodontal pocket depth (PPD) at screening, week 8, and week 24 was evaluated. Gingival inflammation was evaluated by a combination of assessing bleeding upon probing and monitoring the Löe-Silness Gingival Index on 3 facial surfaces and the mid-lingual surface. RESULTS At week 24, mean ± SE PPD reductions were similar across treatment groups: -0.07 ± 0.007, -0.06 ± 0.007, and -0.15 ± 0.007 mm with brensocatib 10 mg, brensocatib 25 mg, and placebo, respectively. The distribution of changes in PPD and the number of patients with multiple increased PPD sites were similar across treatment groups at weeks 8 and 24. The frequencies of gingival index values were generally similar across treatment groups at each assessment. An increase in index values 0-1 and a decrease in index values 2-3 over time and at the end of the study were observed in all groups, indicating improved oral health. CONCLUSIONS In patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, brensocatib 10 or 25 mg had an acceptable safety profile after 6 months' treatment, with no changes in periodontal status noted. Improvement in oral health at end of the study may be due to regular dental care during the trial and independent of brensocatib treatment. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT The results of this study suggest that 24 weeks of treatment with brensocatib does not affect periodontal disease progression. This information can be used by clinicians when considering treatment approaches for bronchiectasis and suggests that the use of brensocatib will not be limited by periodontal disease risks. Nevertheless, routine dental/periodontal care should be provided to patients irrespective of brensocatib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Gunsolley
- Department of Periodontics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - J D Chalmers
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - O Sibila
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clínic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - F A Scannapieco
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Walker TWN, Schrodt F, Allard PM, Defossez E, Jassey VEJ, Schuman MC, Alexander JM, Baines O, Baldy V, Bardgett RD, Capdevila P, Coley PD, van Dam NM, David B, Descombes P, Endara MJ, Fernandez C, Forrister D, Gargallo-Garriga A, Glauser G, Marr S, Neumann S, Pellissier L, Peters K, Rasmann S, Roessner U, Salguero-Gómez R, Sardans J, Weckwerth W, Wolfender JL, Peñuelas J. Leaf metabolic traits reveal hidden dimensions of plant form and function. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadi4029. [PMID: 37647404 PMCID: PMC10468135 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi4029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The metabolome is the biochemical basis of plant form and function, but we know little about its macroecological variation across the plant kingdom. Here, we used the plant functional trait concept to interpret leaf metabolome variation among 457 tropical and 339 temperate plant species. Distilling metabolite chemistry into five metabolic functional traits reveals that plants vary on two major axes of leaf metabolic specialization-a leaf chemical defense spectrum and an expression of leaf longevity. Axes are similar for tropical and temperate species, with many trait combinations being viable. However, metabolic traits vary orthogonally to life-history strategies described by widely used functional traits. The metabolome thus expands the functional trait concept by providing additional axes of metabolic specialization for examining plant form and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom W. N. Walker
- Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Schrodt
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Pierre-Marie Allard
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Defossez
- Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Vincent E. J. Jassey
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Meredith C. Schuman
- Departments of Geography and Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jake M. Alexander
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Baines
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Virginie Baldy
- Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Richard D. Bardgett
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Pol Capdevila
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Phyllis D. Coley
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Nicole M. van Dam
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental crops (IGZ), 14979 Großbeeren, Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bruno David
- Green Mission Pierre Fabre, Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, 31562 Toulouse, France
| | - Patrice Descombes
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Musée et Jardins botaniques cantonaux, 1007 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - María-José Endara
- Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS), Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Américas, 170124 Quito, Ecuador
| | - Catherine Fernandez
- Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Dale Forrister
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Albert Gargallo-Garriga
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gaëtan Glauser
- Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Sue Marr
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Bioinformatics and Scientific Data, 06120 Halle, Germany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg, 06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Steffen Neumann
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Bioinformatics and Scientific Data, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Loïc Pellissier
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Kristian Peters
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Bioinformatics and Scientific Data, 06120 Halle, Germany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg, 06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Sergio Rasmann
- Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Ute Roessner
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, 2601 Acton, Australia
| | | | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, 1010 University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center, 1010 University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
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7
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Abouchouar I, Hindlet P, Ratsimbazafy C, Fernandez C, Schwab C. [Medication reconciliation and hospital-community transition securisation: Survey of community pharmacists]. Ann Pharm Fr 2023; 81:875-881. [PMID: 36754347 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To collect the community pharmacists' perception on their role in the medication reconciliation's process. METHODS We did an observational transverse study thanks to a survey of community pharmacists working in France, conducted in 2020. A digital questionnaire was submitted to Parisian community pharmacists before being shared on two Facebook groups. The responses were analysed with Microsoft Excel® software. We calculated percentages, used Chi2 or Fisher's exact tests and did qualitative analyses. RESULTS We collected the perception of 135 community pharmacists, the majority was women (80%), relatively young (69.6% of 40 years old or less). They were 63.7% to claim knowing the medication reconciliation, but they could not define it properly. The subject's knowledge was statistically related to age (P-value<0.001) and previous contacts of the health care facilities (P-value<0.001). The majority of interviewed pharmacist considered the transmission of information to those health facilities as relevant and feasible and they expressed their willingness to get involved. However, they were limited by some obstacles such as the non-exhaustiveness of the medicinal record, the unsecured mail and the lack of feedbacks. CONCLUSIONS Although the community pharmacists expressed interest for the medication reconciliation process and willingness to get involved, their role remained limited. Therefore, this process needs an improvement of its organisation and a generalisation of its practice to really benefit the hospital-community transition's safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Abouchouar
- Département de pharmacie clinique, faculté de pharmacie, université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - P Hindlet
- Département de pharmacie clinique, faculté de pharmacie, université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France; Hôpital Saint-Antoine, pharmacie, AP-HP, GHU Sorbonne université, INSERM, institut Pierre-Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, Sorbonne université, 75012 Paris, France
| | - C Ratsimbazafy
- Hôpital Saint-Antoine, pharmacie, GHU, Sorbonne université, AP-HP, 75012 Paris, France
| | - C Fernandez
- Département de pharmacie clinique, faculté de pharmacie, université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France; Hôpital Saint-Antoine, pharmacie, AP-HP, GHU Sorbonne université, INSERM, institut Pierre-Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, Sorbonne université, 75012 Paris, France
| | - C Schwab
- Département de pharmacie clinique, faculté de pharmacie, université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France; Hôpital Saint-Antoine, pharmacie, AP-HP, GHU Sorbonne université, INSERM, institut Pierre-Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, Sorbonne université, 75012 Paris, France.
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8
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Gale CP, Stocken DD, Aktaa S, Reynolds C, Gilberts R, Brieger D, Carruthers K, Chew DP, Goodman SG, Fernandez C, Sharples LD, Yan AT, Fox K. Effectiveness of GRACE risk score in patients admitted to hospital with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (UKGRIS): parallel group cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2023; 381:e073843. [PMID: 37315959 PMCID: PMC10265221 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2022-073843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of risk stratification using the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score (GRS) for patients presenting to hospital with suspected non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome. DESIGN Parallel group cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING Patients presenting with suspected non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome to 42 hospitals in England between 9 March 2017 and 30 December 2019. PARTICIPANTS Patients aged ≥18 years with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. INTERVENTION Hospitals were randomised (1:1) to patient management by standard care or according to the GRS and associated guidelines. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome measures were use of guideline recommended management and time to the composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, new onset heart failure hospital admission, and readmission for cardiovascular event. Secondary measures included the duration of hospital stay, EQ-5D-5L (five domain, five level version of the EuroQoL index), and the composite endpoint components. RESULTS 3050 participants (1440 GRS, 1610 standard care) were recruited in 38 UK clusters (20 GRS, 18 standard care). The mean age was 65.7 years (standard deviation 12), 69% were male, and the mean baseline GRACE scores were 119.5 (standard deviation 31.4) and 125.7 (34.4) for GRS and standard care, respectively. The uptake of guideline recommended processes was 77.3% for GRS and 75.3% for standard care (odds ratio 1.16, 95% confidence interval 0.70 to 1.92, P=0.56). The time to the first composite cardiac event was not significantly improved by the GRS (hazard ratio 0.89, 95% confidence interval 0.68 to 1.16, P=0.37). Baseline adjusted EQ-5D-5L utility at 12 months (difference -0.01, 95% confidence interval -0.06 to 0.04) and the duration of hospital admission within 12 months (mean 11.2 days, standard deviation 18 days v 11.8 days, 19 days) were similar for GRS and standard care. CONCLUSIONS In adults presenting to hospital with suspected non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome, the GRS did not improve adherence to guideline recommended management or reduce cardiovascular events at 12 months. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN 29731761.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris P Gale
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Deborah D Stocken
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Suleman Aktaa
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Catherine Reynolds
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Rachael Gilberts
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, UK
| | - David Brieger
- Cardiology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kathryn Carruthers
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Derek P Chew
- College of Medicine and Public Health of Medicine, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Shaun G Goodman
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Linda D Sharples
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Andrew T Yan
- St Michael's Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Keith Fox
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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9
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Everett CC, Berry C, McCann GP, Fernandez C, Reynolds C, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Dall'Armellina E, Prasad A, Foley JR, Mangion K, Bijsterveld P, Brown J, Stocken D, Walker S, Sculpher M, Plein S, Greenwood JP. Randomised trial of stable chest pain investigation: 3-year clinical and quality of life results from CE-MARC 2. Open Heart 2023; 10:openhrt-2022-002221. [PMID: 37130657 PMCID: PMC10163591 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2022-002221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Guidelines for suspected cardiac chest pain have used historical risk stratification tools, advocating invasive coronary angiography (ICA) first-line in those at highest risk. We aimed to determine whether different strategies to manage suspected stable angina affected medium-term cardiovascular event rates and patient-reported quality of life (QoL) measures. METHODS CE-MARC 2, a three-arm parallel group trial, randomised patients with suspected stable cardiac chest pain and a Duke Clinical pretest likelihood of coronary artery disease between 10% and 90%. Patients were randomised to either first-line cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) CG95 (2010) guidelines-directed care. For the three arms, 1-year and 3-year first major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) rates and QoL assessed by the Seattle Angina Questionnaire, Short Form 12 (V.12) Questionnaire and EuroQol-5 Dimension Questionnaire were recorded. RESULTS 1202 patients were randomised to CMR (n=481), SPECT (n=481) and NICE (n=240). Forty-two patients (18 CMR, 18 SPECT, 6 NICE) experienced one or more MACEs. The percentage rates (95% CIs) of MACE in the CMR, SPECT and NICE groups at 3 years were 3.7% (2.4%, 5.8%), 3.7% (2.4%, 5.8%) and 2.1% (0.9%, 4.8%), respectively. QoL scores did not significantly differ across domains. CONCLUSION Despite a fourfold increase in referrals for ICA, the NICE CG95 (2010) guidelines risk-stratified care strategy did not significantly reduce 3-year MACE or improve QoL, as compared with functional imaging with CMR or SPECT. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT01664858).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colin Berry
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gerry P McCann
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | | | - Erica Dall'Armellina
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Abhiram Prasad
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic Minnesota, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - James R Foley
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Kenneth Mangion
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Julia Brown
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Simon Walker
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
| | - Mark Sculpher
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
| | - Sven Plein
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - John P Greenwood
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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10
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Ajjan RA, Heller SR, Everett CC, Vargas-Palacios A, Higham R, Sharples L, Gorog DA, Rogers A, Reynolds C, Fernandez C, Rodrigues P, Sathyapalan T, Storey RF, Stocken DD. Multicenter Randomized Trial of Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring Versus Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes and Recent-Onset Acute Myocardial Infarction: Results of the LIBERATES Trial. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:441-449. [PMID: 36516054 PMCID: PMC9887626 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the impact of modern glucose-monitoring strategies on glycemic and patient-related outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and recent myocardial infarction (MI) and assess cost effectiveness. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS LIBERATES was a multicenter two-arm randomized trial comparing self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) with intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM), also known as flash CGM, in individuals with T2D and recent MI, treated with insulin and/or a sulphonylurea before hospital admission. The primary outcome measure was time in range (TIR) (glucose 3.9-10 mmol/L/day) on days 76-90 post-randomization. Secondary and exploratory outcomes included time in hypoglycemia, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), clinical outcome, quality of life (QOL), and cost effectiveness. RESULTS Of 141 participants randomly assigned (median age 63 years; interquartile range 53, 70), 73% of whom were men, isCGM was associated with increased TIR by 17 min/day (95% credible interval -105 to +153 min/day), with 59% probability of benefit. Users of isCGM showed lower hypoglycemic exposure (<3.9 mmol/L) at days 76-90 (-80 min/day; 95% CI -118, -43), also evident at days 16-30 (-28 min/day; 95% CI -92, 2). Compared with baseline, HbA1c showed similar reductions of 7 mmol/mol at 3 months in both study arms. Combined glycemic emergencies and mortality occurred in four isCGM and seven SMBG study participants. QOL measures marginally favored isCGM, and the intervention proved to be cost effective. CONCLUSIONS Compared with SMBG, isCGM in T2D individuals with MI marginally increases TIR and significantly reduces hypoglycemic exposure while equally improving HbA1c, explaining its cost effectiveness. Studies are required to understand whether these glycemic differences translate into longer-term clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi A. Ajjan
- Clinical Population and Sciences Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K
- Corresponding author: Ramzi A. Ajjan,
| | - Simon R. Heller
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Colin C. Everett
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K
| | | | - Ruchi Higham
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Linda Sharples
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, U.K
| | - Diana A. Gorog
- School of Life and Medical Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, U.K
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | | | - Catherine Reynolds
- Clinical Population and Sciences Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K
| | - Catherine Fernandez
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Pedro Rodrigues
- Academic Unit of Health Economics, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Allam Diabetes Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, U.K
| | - Robert F. Storey
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Deborah D. Stocken
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K
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11
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Comin-Colet J, Capdevila C, Vela E, Cleries M, Fernandez C, Alcober L, Calero-Molina E, Hidalgo E, Jose N, Moliner P, Corbella X, Yun S, Jimenez-Marrero S, Garay A, Enjuanes-Grau C. Effect on mortality and hospitalization of real-world implementation of transitional care heart failure programmes in patients with heart failure: a population-based study in 77,554 patients. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The efficacy of heart failure programs has been demonstrated in clinical trials but their applicability in the real-world practice setting is more controversial.
Purpose
This study evaluates the efficacy of a comprehensive, transitional-care nurse-based HF programme integrating hospital and primary care resources in a healthcare area covering a population of 209,255 (implementation area).
Methods
We designed a pragmatic, population-based evaluation of the implementation of the program conducting a natural experiment. Study periods were: pre-implementation period (years 2015 and 2016), transition period (year 2017) and consolidation of implementation period (years 2018 and 2019). For the purposes of this study, we included all individuals consecutively admitted to hospital with at least one ICD-9-CM code for HF as the primary diagnosis and discharged alive in Catalonia between January, the 1st, 2015 and December, the 31st of 2019. Efficacy of the implementation of the program was measured at two levels: first, comparing the outcomes of patients exposed to the HF program between periods of implementation taking 2015–2016 as the reference period and, second, comparing outcomes between patients of the implementation area with patients of the remaining areas of the Catalonia at each predefined period.
Results
We included 77,554 patients in the study: 3,396 exposed to the implementation area and 74,158 exposed to the rest of healthcare areas in Catalonia. During the period of the study, 55,886 (72.1%) patients experienced at least one major adverse event. Death occurred in 37,469 (48.3%), clinically related hospitalisation in 41,709 (53.8%) and HF readmission in 29,755 (38.4%).
As shown in Table 1, multivariate Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, gender, previous hospitalisation, co-morbidities, socioeconomic status, and time since HF diagnosis showed there was a significant (all p-values <0.001) relative risk reduction of the risk of all-cause death (5%), clinically related hospitalisation (13%) and HF hospitalisation (14%) in the consolidation period (2018–2019) compared to the pre-programme period (2015–2016). Similarly, as shown in Table 1 and Figure 1, while in the pre-programme period (2015–2016) the risk of adverse outcomes was significantly higher in patients exposed to the implementation area compared to the rest of Catalonia, this association was inverted during the consolidation period (2018–2019) where the risk of mortality, clinically-related readmission and HF re-hospitalisation was significantly reduced (all p-values <0.025) by 19%, 11% and 16%, respectively, among patients exposed to the implementation area compared with patients of the remaining areas of Catalonia.
Conclusions
The implementation of multidisciplinary transitional-care nurse-based heart failure programmes integrating hospital and primary care reduce mortality and hospitalisation in vulnerable patients with heart-failure.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Capdevila
- University Hospital Bellvitge , Barcelona , Spain
| | - E Vela
- Department of Health , Barcelona , Spain
| | - M Cleries
- Department of Health , Barcelona , Spain
| | - C Fernandez
- Primary Care Research Institute (IDIAP) , Barcelona , Spain
| | - L Alcober
- Primary Care Research Institute (IDIAP) , Barcelona , Spain
| | | | - E Hidalgo
- University Hospital Bellvitge , Barcelona , Spain
| | - N Jose
- University Hospital Bellvitge , Barcelona , Spain
| | - P Moliner
- University Hospital Bellvitge , Barcelona , Spain
| | - X Corbella
- University Hospital Bellvitge , Barcelona , Spain
| | - S Yun
- University Hospital Bellvitge , Barcelona , Spain
| | | | - A Garay
- University Hospital Bellvitge , Barcelona , Spain
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12
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Comin-Colet J, Capdevila C, Vela E, Cleries M, Fernandez C, Alcober L, Calero-Molina E, Hidalgo E, Jose N, Moliner P, Corbella X, Yun S, Jimenez-Marrero S, Garay A, Enjuanes-Grau C. Effect of socioeconomic status in medical resource use and outcomes in patients with heart failure in integrated care settings: real-world evidence from population-based data of 77,554 patients. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Low socioeconomic status (SES) has a negative impact in terms of outcomes and medical resource use despite open access to care in universal health-care systems in patients with heart failure (HF). Whether the breach in outcomes determined by SES inequalities can be mitigated by intensive HF management in integrate care programs is not known.
Purpose
To analyse the effect of SES status on health outcomes before and after a pragmatic implementation of an intensive transitional care nurse-based HF management program integrating hospital and primary care and resources for patients with HF at a high risk of events in a health-care area of 209,255 inhabitants.
Methods
For the purposes of this study, we included all individuals consecutively admitted to hospital with at least one ICD-9-CM code for HF as the primary diagnosis and discharged alive in Catalonia between January, the 1st, 2015 and December, the 31st of 2019. We considered 3 distinct periods of implementation of the HF programme: pre-implementation (2015–2016), transition (2017 start of implementation) and consolidation (2018–2019). To evaluate the efficacy of the programme according to SES strata, we compared outcomes between HF patients of the implementation area and HF patients of the remaining healthcare areas of Catalonia across implementation periods and stratified according to levels of SES. SES was defined based on individual annual income.
Results
We included 77,554 patients in the study: 3,396 in the implementation area and 74, 158 in the rest of Catalonia. Distribution of patients according to SES was: 12,018 (15.5%) high or medium SES, 61,967 (79.9%) low SES and 3,535 (4.5%) very low SES. During the period of the study death occurred in 37,469 (48.3%), clinically related hospitalisation in 41,709 (53.8%) and HF readmission in 29,755 (38.4%).
Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models (Table 1) showed that low or very low SES was associated with worse outcomes compared to patients with high or medium SES. Implementation of HF programme significantly improved outcomes in patients with HF (Figure 1, left column). As shown in Figure 1 central and right columns, improvement in clinical outcomes was observed across all SES strata in patients exposed to the HF programme. The size effect for hospitalisation was more prominent among patients with medium of high SES (47% relative change) compared to patients with low or very low SES (32% relative change). Size effect for mortality did not differ between both strata (10% relative improvement in both groups).
Conclusions
The SES is an independent predictor of mortality, clinically related hospitalisation, and HF hospitalisation in vulnerable patients with HF. The implementation of an intensive transitional care nurse-based HF management program improve clinical outcomes across SES strata. However, the size effect in the prevention of hospitalisation is more pronounced among patients with medium or high SES.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Capdevila
- University Hospital Bellvitge , Barcelona , Spain
| | - E Vela
- Department of Health , Barcelona , Spain
| | - M Cleries
- Department of Health , Barcelona , Spain
| | - C Fernandez
- Primary Care Research Institute (IDIAP) , Barcelona , Spain
| | - L Alcober
- Primary Care Research Institute (IDIAP) , Barcelona , Spain
| | | | - E Hidalgo
- University Hospital Bellvitge , Barcelona , Spain
| | - N Jose
- University Hospital Bellvitge , Barcelona , Spain
| | - P Moliner
- University Hospital Bellvitge , Barcelona , Spain
| | - X Corbella
- University Hospital Bellvitge , Barcelona , Spain
| | - S Yun
- University Hospital Bellvitge , Barcelona , Spain
| | | | - A Garay
- University Hospital Bellvitge , Barcelona , Spain
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13
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Quer E, Pereira S, Michel T, Santonja M, Gauquelin T, Simioni G, Ourcival JM, Joffre R, Limousin JM, Aupic-Samain A, Lecareux C, Dupouyet S, Orts JP, Bousquet-Mélou A, Gros R, Sagova-Mareckova M, Kopecky J, Fernandez C, Baldy V. Amplified Drought Alters Leaf Litter Metabolome, Slows Down Litter Decomposition, and Modifies Home Field (Dis)Advantage in Three Mediterranean Forests. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:2582. [PMID: 36235447 PMCID: PMC9571106 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In Mediterranean ecosystems, the projected rainfall reduction of up to 30% may alter plant-soil interactions, particularly litter decomposition and Home Field Advantage (HFA). We set up a litter transplant experiment in the three main forests encountered in the northern part of the Medi-terranean Basin (dominated by either Quercus ilex, Quercus pubescens, or Pinus halepensis) equipped with a rain exclusion device, allowing an increase in drought either throughout the year or concentrated in spring and summer. Senescent leaves and needles were collected under two precipitation treatments (natural and amplified drought plots) at their "home" forest and were left to decompose in the forest of origin and in other forests under both drought conditions. MS-based metabolomic analysis of litter extracts combined with multivariate data analysis enabled us to detect modifications in the composition of litter specialized metabolites, following amplified drought treatment. Amplified drought altered litter quality and metabolomes, directly slowed down litter decomposition, and induced a loss of home field (dis)advantage. No indirect effect mediated by a change in litter quality on decomposition was observed. These results may suggest major alterations of plant-soil interactions in Mediterranean forests under amplified drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Quer
- Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Susana Pereira
- Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Michel
- CNRS, Nice Institute of Chemistry, UMR 7272, Parc Valrose, University of Côte d’Azur, 06108 Nice, France
| | - Mathieu Santonja
- Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Thierry Gauquelin
- Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Simioni
- INRAE, Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (UR629) Domaine Saint Paul, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon, France
| | - Jean-Marc Ourcival
- CNRS, EPHE, IRD, CEFE, University Paul Valéry Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Richard Joffre
- CNRS, EPHE, IRD, CEFE, University Paul Valéry Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marc Limousin
- CNRS, EPHE, IRD, CEFE, University Paul Valéry Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Adriane Aupic-Samain
- Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Lecareux
- Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Sylvie Dupouyet
- Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Orts
- Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Anne Bousquet-Mélou
- Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Raphaël Gros
- Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Marketa Sagova-Mareckova
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha, Czech Republic
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 16106 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecky
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 16106 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Catherine Fernandez
- Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Virginie Baldy
- Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, 13397 Marseille, France
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14
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Tassinari CJ, Higham R, Smith IL, Arnold S, Mujica-Mota R, Metcalfe A, Simpson H, Murray D, McGonagle DG, Sharma H, Hamilton TW, Ellard DR, Fernandez C, Reynolds C, Harwood P, Croft J, Stocken DD, Pandit H. Clinical and cost-effectiveness of Knee Arthroplasty versus Joint Distraction for Osteoarthritis (KARDS): protocol for a multicentre, phase III, randomised control trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e062721. [PMID: 35772819 PMCID: PMC9247693 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Knee replacement (KR) is a clinically proven procedure typically offered to patients with severe knee osteoarthritis (OA) to relieve pain and improve quality of life. However, artificial joints fail over time, requiring revision associated with higher mortality and inferior outcomes. With more young people presenting with knee OA and increasing life expectancy, there is an unmet need to postpone time to first KR. Knee joint distraction (KJD), the practice of using external fixators to open up knee joint space, is proposed as potentially effective to preserve the joint following initial studies in the Netherlands, however, has not been researched within an NHS setting. The KARDS trial will investigate whether KJD is non-inferior to KR in terms of patient-reported postoperative pain 12 months post-surgery. METHODS AND ANALYSIS KARDS is a phase III, multicentre, pragmatic, open-label, individually randomised controlled non-inferiority trial comparing KJD with KR in patients with severe knee OA, employing a hybrid-expertise design, with internal pilot phase and process evaluation. 344 participants will be randomised (1:1) to KJD or KR. The primary outcome measure is the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS) pain domain score at 12 months post-operation. Secondary outcome measures include patient-reported overall KOOS, Pain Visual Analogue Scale and Oxford Knee Scores, knee function assessments, joint space width, complications and further interventions over 24 months post-operation. Per patient cost difference between KR and KJD and cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained over 24 months will be estimated within trial, and incremental cost per QALY gained over 20 years by KJD relative to KR predicted using decision analytic modelling. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee (REC) and Health Research Authority (HRA). Trial results will be disseminated at clinical conferences, through relevant patient groups and published in peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN14879004; recruitment opened April 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cerys Joyce Tassinari
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ruchi Higham
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Isabelle Louise Smith
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Susanne Arnold
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Andrew Metcalfe
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Hamish Simpson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David Murray
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Dennis G McGonagle
- Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
| | - Hemant Sharma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK
| | - Thomas William Hamilton
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - David R Ellard
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
| | - Catherine Fernandez
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Catherine Reynolds
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Paul Harwood
- University of Leeds, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Julie Croft
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Deborah D Stocken
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Hemant Pandit
- Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
- Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
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Aurelle D, Thomas S, Albert C, Bally M, Bondeau A, Boudouresque C, Cahill AE, Carlotti F, Chenuil A, Cramer W, Davi H, De Jode A, Ereskovsky A, Farnet A, Fernandez C, Gauquelin T, Mirleau P, Monnet A, Prévosto B, Rossi V, Sartoretto S, Van Wambeke F, Fady B. Biodiversity, climate change, and adaptation in the Mediterranean. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Didier Aurelle
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO Marseille France
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE Marseille France
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS Sorbonne Université, EPHE Paris France
| | - Séverine Thomas
- Aix Marseille Université, Labex‐OT‐Med Aix‐en‐Provence France
| | - Cécile Albert
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE Marseille France
| | - Marc Bally
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO Marseille France
| | - Alberte Bondeau
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE Marseille France
| | | | | | - François Carlotti
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO Marseille France
| | - Anne Chenuil
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE Marseille France
| | - Wolfgang Cramer
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE Marseille France
| | - Hendrik Davi
- INRAE, Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM) Avignon France
| | - Aurélien De Jode
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE Marseille France
- Department of Marine Sciences‐Tjärnö University of Gothenburg, Tjärnö Marine Laboratory Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Alexander Ereskovsky
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE Marseille France
- Saint‐Petersburg State University St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Anne‐Marie Farnet
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE Marseille France
| | | | - Thierry Gauquelin
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE Marseille France
| | - Pascal Mirleau
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE Marseille France
| | | | | | - Vincent Rossi
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO Marseille France
| | | | - France Van Wambeke
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO Marseille France
| | - Bruno Fady
- INRAE, Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM) Avignon France
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Smith IL, Gilberts R, Brown S, Fernandez C, Nixon J, Reynolds C, Smith C, Lear JT, Sunderland L, Green C, Goodfield M, Cowdell F, Hampton P, Barker A, Vargas-Palacios A, Tubeuf S, Wittmann M. Comparison of ALitretinoin with PUVA as the first-line treatment in patients with severe chronic HAnd eczema (ALPHA): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060029. [PMID: 35197358 PMCID: PMC8867308 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hand eczema (HE) is one of the most common skin disorders and an important cause for morbidity and occupational disability. The 1-year prevalence of HE is estimated to be up to 10% and it is estimated that 5%-7% of those develop severe chronic HE. However, current clinical evidence is not compelling enough to guide clinical practice. In a survey among 194 UK dermatologists the most frequent first choice approaches were psoralen combined with ultraviolet A (UVA) treatment (PUVA), oral steroids and alitretinoin (AL). When asked which strategy was most efficient for long-term outcome 20% of clinicians indicated they did not know; 43% of clinicians reported AL and 30% reported PUVA. METHODS AND ANALYSIS ALPHA is a multicentre, open, prospective, two-arm parallel group, randomised controlled trial comparing PUVA and AL with a planned sample size re-estimation. Between 500 and 780 participants will be randomised on a 1:1 basis. The physician's global assessment (PGA) will direct treatment after randomisation, non-responders will be treated according to usual clinical practice; providing valuable pilot data on second line therapeutic approaches to inform future trials.Assessments will be conducted up to 52 weeks post randomisation. The primary outcome measure is the Hand Eczema Severity Index at 12 weeks. Secondary outcome measures include modified Total Lesion Symptom Score, PGA, time to relapse, patient reported outcome measures and DNA extraction and assessment of genetic variants. A substudy on molecular inflammatory mediators will provide information on subgroup specific treatment responses. Photographs will be taken and HE severity assessed by a central review panel. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was obtained from Leeds West Research Ethics Committee (14/YH/1259).Trial results will be disseminated at relevant clinical conferences and societies, published in peer-reviewed journals and through relevant patient groups. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN80206075.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle L Smith
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute for Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Rachael Gilberts
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute for Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sarah Brown
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute for Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Catherine Fernandez
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute for Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jane Nixon
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute for Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Catherine Reynolds
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute for Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Catherine Smith
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's & St Thomas's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - John T Lear
- Department of Dermatology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- MAHSC, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Cathy Green
- Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - Mark Goodfield
- Department of Dermatology, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Fiona Cowdell
- Faculty of Health Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Philip Hampton
- Department of Dermatology, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Amy Barker
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Armando Vargas-Palacios
- Academic Unit of Health Economics, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sandy Tubeuf
- Institute of Health and Society, Faculté de Santé Publique, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, Brussels, Belgium
- Institute of Economic and Social Research (IRES) - LIDAM, Collège L. H. Dupriez, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Miriam Wittmann
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
- Department of Dermatology, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
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17
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Laoué J, Fernandez C, Ormeño E. Plant Flavonoids in Mediterranean Species: A Focus on Flavonols as Protective Metabolites under Climate Stress. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11020172. [PMID: 35050060 PMCID: PMC8781291 DOI: 10.3390/plants11020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are specialized metabolites largely widespread in plants where they play numerous roles including defense and signaling under stress conditions. These compounds encompass several chemical subgroups such as flavonols which are one the most represented classes. The most studied flavonols are kaempferol, quercetin and myricetin to which research attributes antioxidative properties and a potential role in UV-defense through UV-screening mechanisms making them critical for plant adaptation to climate change. Despite the great interest in flavonol functions in the last decades, some functional aspects remain under debate. This review summarizes the importance of flavonoids in plant defense against climate stressors and as signal molecules with a focus on flavonols in Mediterranean plant species. The review emphasizes the relationship between flavonol location (at the organ, tissue and cellular scales) and their function as defense metabolites against climate-related stresses. It also provides evidence that biosynthesis of flavonols, or flavonoids as a whole, could be a crucial process allowing plants to adapt to climate change, especially in the Mediterranean area which is considered as one of the most sensitive regions to climate change over the globe.
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18
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Paget S, Fernandez C, Zaheri S. Cutaneous larva migrans: an unusual souvenir from a Scottish holiday. Clin Exp Dermatol 2021; 47:593-594. [PMID: 34700361 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous larva migrans acquired in western Scotland. A reminder that with a warming climate, conditions conventionally restricted to the tropics may be contracted in the British Isles in the absence of foreign travel.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Paget
- Department of Dermatology, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - C Fernandez
- Department of Dermatology, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - S Zaheri
- Department of Dermatology, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Fernandez C. Interventions aux urgences d’une équipe mobile de gériatrie et articulation avec un suivi psychologique en gériatrie aiguë lors de la première vague de COVID-19. NPG Neurologie - Psychiatrie - Gériatrie 2021. [PMCID: PMC8302833 DOI: 10.1016/j.npg.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Au printemps 2020, l’Équipe mobile de gériatrie des hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg a fait face à un afflux majeur de patients âgés, infectés par le SARS-CoV-2, en soutien aux urgentistes. Nous allons décrire la population rencontrée, les projets de soins, exprimés par les patients, et leurs proches, ainsi que les orientations réalisées. Nous nous attacherons à décrire les enjeux et l’impact possible de l’évaluation gériatrique en contexte d’épidémie aux urgences. Enfin, nous décrirons l’articulation avec les psychologues du service de court séjour gériatrique.
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Fernandez C, Trappetti V, Fazzari J, Martin O, Djonov V. OC-0064 Microbeam radiosurgery enhances drug delivery across the vascular wall: results from 2 animal models. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06758-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Djonov V, Fernandez C, Trappetti V, Fazzari J, Martin O. OC-0507 Microbeams excellent tumour control and high normal tissue tolerance: limitations and perspectives. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06933-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Viros J, Santonja M, Temime‐Roussel B, Wortham H, Fernandez C, Ormeño E. Volatilome of Aleppo Pine litter over decomposition process. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:6862-6880. [PMID: 34141261 PMCID: PMC8207447 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOC) are largely accepted to contribute to both atmospheric chemistry and ecosystem functioning. While the forest canopy is recognized as a major source of BVOC, emissions from plant litter have scarcely been explored with just a couple of studies being focused on emission patterns over litter decomposition process. The aim of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively characterize BVOC emissions (C1-C15) from Pinus halepensis litter, one of the major Mediterranean conifer species, over a 15-month litter decomposition experiment. Senescent needles of P. halepensis were collected and placed in 42 litterbags where they underwent in situ decomposition. Litterbags were collected every 3 months and litter BVOC emissions were studied in vitro using both online (PTR-ToF-MS) and offline analyses (GC-MS). Results showed a large diversity of BVOC (58 compounds detected), with a strong variation over time. Maximum total BVOC emissions were observed after 3 months of decomposition with 9.18 µg gDM -1 hr-1 mainly composed by terpene emissions (e.g., α-pinene, terpinolene, β-caryophyllene). At this stage, methanol, acetone, and acetic acid were the most important nonterpenic volatiles representing, respectively, up to 26%, 10%, and 26% of total emissions. This study gives an overview of the evolution of BVOC emissions from litter along with decomposition process and will thus contribute to better understand the dynamics and sources of BVOC emission in Mediterranean pine forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Viros
- CNRSAix Marseille UnivIRDAvignon UnivIMBEMarseilleFrance
| | | | | | | | | | - Elena Ormeño
- CNRSAix Marseille UnivIRDAvignon UnivIMBEMarseilleFrance
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Pontarini E, Chowdhury F, Sciacca E, Grigoriadou S, Rivellese F, Lucchesi D, Goldmann K, Fossati-Jimack L, Emery P, Ng WF, Sutcliffe N, Everett C, Fernandez C, Tappuni A, Lewis M, Pitzalis C, Bowman SJ, Bombardieri M. OP0136 RITUXIMAB PREVENTS THE PROGRESSION OF B-CELL DRIVEN INFLAMMATORY INFILTRATE IN THE MINOR SALIVARY GLANDS OF PRIMARY SJOGREN’S SYNDROME BY DOWNREGULATING IMMUNOLOGICAL PATHWAYS KEY IN ECTOPIC GERMINAL CENTRE ORGANIZATION: RESULTS FROM THE TRACTISS TRIAL. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:The pathogenic role of B-cells in primary Sjögren’s Syndrome (pSS) is well established and B cell abnormalities. Because of the substantial role of B-cells, rituximab (RTX), a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, has been considered as a potential biologic disease modifying drug to reduce disease activity in pSS. To date, the TRial for Anti-B-Cell Therapy In patients with pSS (TRACTISS) is the largest multi-centre, placebo-controlled trial with RTX. Despite the unmet primary endpoints (30% reduction in fatigue or oral dryness, measured by visual analogue scale), RTX treated patients showed an improvement in unstimulated whole salivary flow (Bowman et al. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017;69:1440–1450).Objectives:To provide the first longitudinal transcriptomic and histological analysis at 3 time points over 48 weeks of labial SGs of pSS patients treated with RTX, in comparison to placebo, from the TRACTISS cohort.Methods:26 pSS patients randomised to RTX or placebo arm consented for labial SG biopsies at baseline, weeks 16 and 48. Patients received two 1000mg cycles of RTX or placebo at baseline and week 24. SG focus score, inflammatory aggregate area fraction, B-cells (CD20+), T-cells (CD3+), follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) (CD21+) and plasma cells (CD138+) density were assessed by H&E and immunofluorescence staining. The histological analysis was performed by digital imaging using QuPath software. RNA was extracted from matched labial SG lobules and sequenced with Illumina platform. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and features driving the PCA were investigated along with the most influential gene loadings. The limma-voom R pipeline was used to extract Differential Expressed Genes (DEGs) between placebo and RTX group at week 48, and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis performed through EnrichR to derive GO terms and pathways associated with DEGs.Results:Placebo-treated labial SGs showed a worsening of inflammation highlighted by the increment of B-cell density, development of new FDC networks, and a higher ectopic GC prevalence at week 48, compared to RTX-treated patients. No difference in total T-cells and plasma cell infiltration was observed. RTX downregulated genes involved in immune cell recruitment and inflammatory aggregate organisation (e.g. CCR7, CCL19, CD52, and PDCD1) and gene signature-based analysis of 64 immune cell types highlighted how RTX preferentially blocked class-switched- and memory-B-cells infiltration in SGs at week 48. Pathway analyses confirmed the downregulation of leukocyte migration, MHC class II antigen presentation, and T-cell co-stimulation immunological pathways, such as the CD40 receptor complex pathway. The analysis of placebo SGs transcriptomic at week 48 showed a higher expression of genes linked to ectopic GC organisation, such as CXCL13, CCL19, LTβ, in female compared to male subjects. Gender was confirmed as a key co-variate responsible for most of the variation in the PCA, together with the SG focus score and the foci area fraction.Conclusion:Treatment with RTX showed beneficial effects on labial SG inflammatory infiltration in pSS, by downregulating genes involved in immune cell recruitment, activation and organisation in ectopic GCs. Class-switched-B-cells, memory-B-cells and FDC network development were primarily affected appearing to be responsible for the lack of progression in SG B cell infiltration in the RTX compared to the placebo arm in which clear worsening of SG immunopathology over 48 weeks was detected in female patients. Although a clear association with the clinical improvement in unstimulated salivary flow observed at week 48 in RTX-treated patients could not be established given the low number of patients consenting to 3 longitudinal biopsies it is conceivable that RTX is responsible for preserving exocrine function.Acknowledgements:SJB receives a salary contribution from the NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre.Disclosure of Interests:Elena Pontarini: None declared, Farzana Chowdhury: None declared, Elisabetta Sciacca: None declared, Sofia Grigoriadou: None declared, Felice Rivellese: None declared, Davide Lucchesi: None declared, Katriona Goldmann: None declared, Liliane Fossati-Jimack: None declared, Paul Emery: None declared, Wan Fai Ng: None declared, Nurhan Sutcliffe: None declared, Colin Everett: None declared, Catherine Fernandez: None declared, Anwar Tappuni: None declared, Myles Lewis: None declared, Costantino Pitzalis: None declared, Simon J. Bowman Consultant of: SJB In 2020 I have received consultancy fees from Novartis, Abbvie and Galapagos., Michele Bombardieri: None declared
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Aupic‐Samain A, Baldy V, Delcourt N, Krogh PH, Gauquelin T, Fernandez C, Santonja M. Water availability rather than temperature control soil fauna community structure and prey–predator interactions. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Virginie Baldy
- Aix Marseille UnivAvignon UniversitéCNRSIRDIMBE Marseille France
| | - Ninon Delcourt
- Aix Marseille UnivAvignon UniversitéCNRSIRDIMBE Marseille France
| | | | | | | | - Mathieu Santonja
- Aix Marseille UnivAvignon UniversitéCNRSIRDIMBE Marseille France
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Ganteaume A, Romero B, Fernandez C, Ormeño E, Lecareux C. Volatile and semi-volatile terpenes impact leaf flammability: differences according to the level of terpene identification. CHEMOECOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00049-021-00349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Suciu I, Ndiaye A, Baudrit C, Fernandez C, Kondjoyan A, Mirade P, Sicard J, Tournayre P, Bohuon P, Buche P, Courtois F, Guillard V, Athes V, Flick D, Plana-Fattori A, Trelea C, Trystram G, Delaplace G, Curet S, Della Valle D, Pottier L, Chiron H, Guessasma S, Kansou K, Kristiawan M, Della Valle G. A digital learning tool based on models and simulators for food engineering (MESTRAL). J FOOD ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2020.110375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Bucktrout RE, Ma N, Aboragah A, Alharthi AS, Liang Y, Lopreiato V, Lopes MG, Trevisi E, Alhidary IA, Fernandez C, Loor JJ. One-carbon, carnitine, and glutathione metabolism-related biomarkers in peripartal Holstein cows are altered by prepartal body condition. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:3403-3417. [PMID: 33455750 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigated how prepartal body condition score (BCS) alters key hepatic enzymes associated with 1-carbon, carnitine, and glutathione metabolism and the related biomarkers in liver tissue and plasma of periparturient dairy cows. Twenty-six multiparous Holstein dairy cows were retrospectively selected according to BCS at 4 wk prepartum and divided into high (HighBCS, BCS ≥ 3.50) and normal (NormBCS, BCS ≤ 3.25) BCS groups (n = 13 each). Blood plasma samples were obtained at -30, -10, 7, 15, and 30 d relative to calving. Liver tissue biopsies were performed at -15, 7, and 30 d relative to calving, and samples were used to assess protein abundance via Western blot assay. Cows in the HighBCS group lost ∼1 unit of BCS between -4 and 4 wk around calving, while NormBCS cows lost ∼0.5 unit in the same period. Prepartal dry matter intake (DMI, kg/d) did not differ between groups. Compared with NormBCS cows, HighBCS cows had higher postpartal DMI and milk yield (+5.34 kg/d). In addition, greater overall plasma concentrations of fatty acids and activity of the neutrophil-enriched enzyme myeloperoxidase were observed in HighBCS compared with NormBCS cows. Despite similar reactive oxygen metabolite concentrations in both groups at 30 d, HighBCS cows had lower overall concentrations of β-carotene and tocopherol, explaining the lower (BCS × Time) antioxidant capacity (ferric reducing ability of plasma). The HighBCS cows also had greater liver malondialdehyde concentrations and superoxide dismutase activity at 30 d. Overall, compared with NormBCS cows, HighBCS cows had lower hepatic protein abundance of the 1-carbon metabolism enzymes cystathionine-β-synthase, betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase, and methionine adenosyltransferase 1 A (MAT1A), as well as the glutathione metabolism-related enzymes glutathione S-transferase α 4 and glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3). A lower protein abundance of glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) at -15 and 7 d was also observed. Regardless of BCS, cows had increased abundance of GSTM1 and GPX3 between -15 and 7 d around calving. A marked decrease of gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase 1 from -10 to 7 d in HighBCS compared with NormBCS cows suggested a decrease in de novo carnitine synthesis that was partly explained by the lower abundance of MAT1A. Overall, data suggest biologic links between BCS before calving, milk yield, immune response, and hepatic reactions encompassing 1-carbon metabolism, carnitine, and antioxidant synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Bucktrout
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - N Ma
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - A Aboragah
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - A S Alharthi
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Y Liang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - V Lopreiato
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - M G Lopes
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; NUPEEC (Núcleo de Pesquisa, Ensino e Extensão em Pecuária), Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-610, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - E Trevisi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - I A Alhidary
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - C Fernandez
- Animal Science Department, Universitàt Politècnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - J J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
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Young S, Taylor SN, Cammarata CL, Varnado KG, Roger-Dalbert C, Montano A, Griego-Fullbright C, Burgard C, Fernandez C, Eckert K, Andrews JC, Ren H, Allen J, Ackerman R, Cooper CK. Clinical Evaluation of BD Veritor SARS-CoV-2 Point-of-Care Test Performance Compared to PCR-Based Testing and versus the Sofia 2 SARS Antigen Point-of-Care Test. J Clin Microbiol 2020; 59:e02338-20. [PMID: 33023911 PMCID: PMC7771450 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02338-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical performance of the BD Veritor System for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen (Veritor), a chromatographic immunoassay used for SARS-CoV-2 point-of-care testing, was evaluated using nasal specimens from individuals with COVID-19 symptoms. Two studies were completed to determine clinical performance. In the first study, nasal specimens and either nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal specimens from 251 participants with COVID-19 symptoms (≤7 days from symptom onset [DSO], ≥18 years of age) were utilized to compare Veritor with the Lyra SARS-CoV-2 PCR assay (Lyra). In the second study, nasal specimens from 361 participants with COVID-19 symptoms (≤5 DSO, ≥18 years of age) were utilized to compare performance of Veritor to that of the Sofia 2 SARS Antigen FIA test (Sofia 2). The positive, negative, and overall percent agreement (PPA, NPA, and OPA, respectively) were the primary outcomes. In study 1, the PPA for Veritor, compared to Lyra, ranged from 81.8 to 87.5% across the 0 to 1 and 0 to 6 DSO ranges. In study 2, Veritor had PPA, NPA, and OPA values of 97.4, 98.1, and 98.1%, respectively, with Sofia 2. Discordant analysis showed one Lyra positive missed by Veritor and five Lyra positives missed by Sofia 2; one Veritor positive result was negative by Lyra. Veritor met FDA emergency use authorization (EUA) acceptance criteria for SARS-CoV-2 antigen testing for the 0 to 5 and 0 to 6 DSO ranges (PPA values of 83.9% and 82.4%, respectively). Veritor and Sofia 2 showed a high degree of agreement for SARS-CoV-2 detection. The Veritor test allows for more rapid COVID-19 testing utilizing easy-to-collect nasal swabs but demonstrated <100% PPA compared to PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Young
- Tricore Reference Laboratory, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Stephanie N Taylor
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | | | - Katey G Varnado
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Celine Roger-Dalbert
- Becton, Dickinson and Company, BD Life Sciences-Integrated Diagnostic Solutions, Sparks, Maryland, USA
| | - Amanda Montano
- Tricore Reference Laboratory, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | | | | | - Catherine Fernandez
- Becton, Dickinson and Company, BD Life Sciences-Integrated Diagnostic Solutions, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Karen Eckert
- Becton, Dickinson and Company, BD Life Sciences-Integrated Diagnostic Solutions, Sparks, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Andrews
- Becton, Dickinson and Company, BD Life Sciences-Integrated Diagnostic Solutions, Sparks, Maryland, USA
| | - Huimiao Ren
- Becton, Dickinson and Company, BD Life Sciences-Integrated Diagnostic Solutions, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Ronald Ackerman
- Comprehensive Clinical Research, LLC, West Palm Beach, Florida, USA
| | - Charles K Cooper
- Becton, Dickinson and Company, BD Life Sciences-Integrated Diagnostic Solutions, Sparks, Maryland, USA
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Lopes MG, Alharthi AS, Lopreiato V, Abdel-Hamied E, Liang Y, Coleman DN, Dai H, Corrêa MN, Fernandez C, Loor JJ. Maternal body condition influences neonatal calf whole-blood innate immune molecular responses to ex vivo lipopolysaccharide challenge. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:2266-2279. [PMID: 33246612 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Managing body condition in dairy cows during the close-up period could alter the availability of nutrients to the fetus during the final growth stages in utero. We investigated how maternal body condition score (BCS) in late pregnancy affected calf whole-blood mRNA abundance and IL-1β concentrations after ex vivo lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Thirty-eight multiparous Holstein cows and their calves from a larger cohort were retrospectively grouped by prepartal BCS as normal BCS (≤3.25; n = 22; NormBCS) and high BCS (≥3.75; n = 16; HighBCS). Calf blood samples collected at birth (before receiving colostrum, d 0) and at ages 21 and 42 d (at weaning) were used for ex vivo whole-blood challenge with 3 µg/mL of LPS before mRNA isolation. Target genes evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR were associated with immune response, antioxidant function, and 1-carbon metabolism. Plasma IL-1β concentrations were also measured. Responses in plasma IL-1β and mRNA abundance were compared between LPS-challenged and nonchallenged samples. Statistical analyses were performed at all time points using a MIXED model in SAS 9.4. Neither birth body weight (NormBCS = 43.8 ± 1.01 kg; HighBCS = 43.9 ± 1.2 kg) nor colostrum IgG concentration (NormBCS = 70 ± 5.4 mg/mL; HighBCS = 62 ± 6.5 mg/mL) differed between groups. At birth, whole blood from calves born to HighBCS cows had greater mRNA abundance of IL1B, NFKB1, and GSR and lower GPX1 and CBS abundance after LPS challenge. The longitudinal analysis of d 0, 21, and 42 data revealed a BCS × age effect for SOD2 and NOS2 due to lower mRNA abundance at 42 d in the HighBCS calves. Regardless of maternal BCS, mRNA abundance decreased over time for genes encoding cytokines (IL1B, IL6, IL10, TNF), cytokine receptors (IRAK1, CXCR1), toll-like receptor pathway (TLR4, NFKB1), adhesion and migration (CADM1, ICAM1, ITGAM), and antimicrobial function (MPO). Concentration of IL-1β after LPS challenge was also markedly lower at 21 d regardless of maternal BCS. Overall, results suggested that maternal BCS in late prepartum influences the calf immune system response to an inflammation challenge after birth. Although few genes among those studied were altered due to maternal BCS, the fact that genes related to oxidative stress and 1-carbon metabolism responded to LPS challenge in HighBCS calves underscores the potential role of methyl donors (e.g., methionine, choline, and folic acid) in the early-life innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Lopes
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; NUPEEC (Núcleo de Pesquisa, Ensino e Extensão em Pecuária), Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-610, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - A S Alharthi
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - V Lopreiato
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - E Abdel-Hamied
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni- Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Y Liang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - D N Coleman
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - H Dai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - M N Corrêa
- NUPEEC (Núcleo de Pesquisa, Ensino e Extensão em Pecuária), Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-610, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - C Fernandez
- Animal Science Department, Universitàt Politècnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - J J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
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Kachel M, Janas A, Jelonek M, Kazmierczak P, Buszman P, Fernandez C, Lukasik K, Milewski K, Buszman P. The in vivo comparison of first versus second generation bioresorbable technologies early after implantation in the porcine coronary in stent restenosis model. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Second generation bioresorbable scaffold (BRS) technologies with thinner struts were developed to overcome thrombotic and restenotic events when compared to first generation
Purpose
Herein we compare vascular response and scaffold recoil of first generation BRS (Absorb, BVS, 150 micron) with second generation (Meres 100, MRS, 100 micron) in the porcine model of coronary in stent restenosis model
Methods
In total 11 BRS and 13 MRS similar scaffolds were implanted in 12 domestic swine, with 110% overstretch under Optical coherence tomography guidance. Animals were followed up for 2, 7 and 28 days (8 scaffolds for each period). At terminal follow up comprehensive evaluation with OCT was performed and tissues harvested for pathology
Results
Arterial injury expressed as overstretch was similar among groups. There were no differences at 2 and 7 days with regards to lumen area (LA), neointimal area (NA) stent areas (SA) and %AS. At 28 days SA and NA were lower in the MRS group when compared to BRS (SA: 5,1 vs. 8,8 mm2, p=0,01; NA: 1,94 vs. 3.36 mm2; p=0,01). Arterial healing was similar at 28 days between MRS and BRS as expressed by embedded and covered struts (100 vs 100%, p=1,0), however at 7 days there were more uncovered struts in the MRS (43% vs 12%, p=0,01).
Conclusions
Second generation MRS have proven improved vascular response in porcine coronary model with regard to lesser neointimal hyperplasia. Thinner struts however caused recoil when compared to thicker ones at early follow-up point. Further BRS material and design improvements are necessary to achieve metallic stent - like properties.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Center for Research and Development
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kachel
- American Heart of Poland, Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, Katowice, Poland
| | - A Janas
- American Heart of Poland, Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, Katowice, Poland
| | - M Jelonek
- American Heart of Poland, Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - P.E Buszman
- American Heart of Poland, Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, Katowice, Poland
| | - C Fernandez
- American Heart of Poland, Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, Katowice, Poland
| | - K Lukasik
- American Heart of Poland, Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, Katowice, Poland
| | - K Milewski
- American Heart of Poland, Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, Katowice, Poland
| | - P.P Buszman
- American Heart of Poland, Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, Katowice, Poland
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Fernandez C, Ali A, Miller R, Jaslow R, Lazar M, Anne P, Berger A, Cristofanilli M, Simone N. Success of Preoperative Radiotherapy in Inflammatory Breast Cancer with Inadequate Response to Taxane-Based Chemotherapies. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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López Ramirez E, Martin L, Glaría L, Castro I, Molina R, Lobo R, Fernandez C, Krumina E, Esteban D, Domenech M, Moratino N, Cordon C, Diaz L. PO-1279: More intelligent workflow in a radiation oncology center with the implementation of LEAN thinking. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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33
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Nixon J, Brown S, Smith IL, McGinnis E, Vargas-Palacios A, Nelson EA, Brown J, Coleman S, Collier H, Fernandez C, Gilberts R, Henderson V, McCabe C, Muir D, Rutherford C, Stubbs N, Thorpe B, Wallner K, Walker K, Wilson L, Hulme C. Comparing alternating pressure mattresses and high-specification foam mattresses to prevent pressure ulcers in high-risk patients: the PRESSURE 2 RCT. Health Technol Assess 2020; 23:1-176. [PMID: 31559948 DOI: 10.3310/hta23520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressure ulcers (PUs) are a burden to patients, carers and health-care providers. Specialist mattresses minimise the intensity and duration of pressure on vulnerable skin sites in at-risk patients. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE Time to developing a new PU of category ≥ 2 in patients using an alternating pressure mattress (APM) compared with a high-specification foam mattress (HSFM). DESIGN A multicentre, Phase III, open, prospective, planned as an adaptive double-triangular group sequential, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial with an a priori sample size of 2954 participants. Randomisation used minimisation (incorporating a random element). SETTING The trial was set in 42 secondary and community inpatient facilities in the UK. PARTICIPANTS Adult inpatients with evidence of acute illness and at a high risk of PU development. INTERVENTIONS AND FOLLOW-UP APM or HSFM - the treatment phase lasted a maximum of 60 days; the final 30 days were post-treatment follow-up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Time to event. RESULTS From August 2013 to November 2016, 2029 participants were randomised to receive either APM (n = 1016) or HSFM (n = 1013). Primary end point - 30-day final follow-up: of the 2029 participants in the intention-to-treat population, 160 (7.9%) developed a new PU of category ≥ 2. There was insufficient evidence of a difference between groups for time to new PU of category ≥ 2 [Fine and Gray model HR 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.56 to 1.04; exact p-value of 0.0890 and 2% absolute difference]. Treatment phase sensitivity analysis: 132 (6.5%) participants developed a new PU of category ≥ 2 between randomisation and end of treatment phase. There was a statistically significant difference in the treatment phase time-to-event sensitivity analysis (Fine and Gray model HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.93; p = 0.0176 and 2.6% absolute difference). Secondary end points - 30-day final follow-up: new PUs of category ≥ 1 developed in 350 (17.2%) participants, with no evidence of a difference between mattress groups in time to PU development, (Fine and Gray model HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.02; p-value = 0.0733 and absolute difference 3.1%). New PUs of category ≥ 3 developed in 32 (1.6%) participants with insufficient evidence of a difference between mattress groups in time to PU development (Fine and Gray model HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.40 to 1.62; p = 0.5530 and absolute difference 0.4%). Of the 145 pre-existing PUs of category 2, 89 (61.4%) healed - there was insufficient evidence of a difference in time to healing (Fine and Gray model HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.68; p = 0.6122 and absolute difference 2.9%). Health economics - the within-trial and long-term analysis showed APM to be cost-effective compared with HSFM; however, the difference in costs models are small and the quality-adjusted life-year gains are very small. There were no safety concerns. Blinded photography substudy - the reliability of central blinded review compared with clinical assessment for PUs of category ≥ 2 was 'very good' (kappa statistic 0.82, prevalence- and bias-adjusted kappa 0.82). Quality-of-life substudy - the Pressure Ulcer Quality of Life - Prevention (PU-QoL-P) instrument meets the established criteria for reliability, construct validity and responsiveness. LIMITATIONS A lower than anticipated event rate. CONCLUSIONS In acutely ill inpatients who are bedfast/chairfast and/or have a category 1 PU and/or localised skin pain, APMs confer a small treatment phase benefit that is diminished over time. Overall, the APM patient compliance, very low PU incidence rate observed and small differences between mattresses indicate the need for improved indicators for targeting of APMs and individualised decision-making. Decisions should take into account skin status, patient preferences (movement ability and rehabilitation needs) and the presence of factors that may be potentially modifiable through APM allocation, including being completely immobile, having nutritional deficits, lacking capacity and/or having altered skin/category 1 PU. FUTURE WORK Explore the relationship between mental capacity, levels of independent movement, repositioning and PU development. Explore 'what works for whom and in what circumstances'. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN01151335. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 23, No. 52. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Nixon
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sarah Brown
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Isabelle L Smith
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Elizabeth McGinnis
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Research and Innovation, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Armando Vargas-Palacios
- Academic Unit of Health Economics, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - E Andrea Nelson
- School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Julia Brown
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Susanne Coleman
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Howard Collier
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Catherine Fernandez
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Rachael Gilberts
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Delia Muir
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Claudia Rutherford
- Quality of Life Office, Psycho-oncology Co-operative Research Group, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nikki Stubbs
- Neighbourhood Team North 1, Leeds Community Healthcare NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Benjamin Thorpe
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Klemens Wallner
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kay Walker
- Pressure Ulcer Research Service User Network, Leeds, UK
| | - Lyn Wilson
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Research and Innovation, Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Wakefield, UK
| | - Claire Hulme
- Academic Unit of Health Economics, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Health Economics Group, Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
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34
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Lopreiato V, Vailati-Riboni M, Parys C, Fernandez C, Minuti A, Loor JJ. Methyl donor supply to heat stress-challenged polymorphonuclear leukocytes from lactating Holstein cows enhances 1-carbon metabolism, immune response, and cytoprotective gene network abundance. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:10477-10493. [PMID: 32952025 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms controlling immune function of dairy cows are dysregulated during heat stress (HS). Methyl donor supply-methionine (Met) and choline (Chol)-positively modulates innate immune function, particularly antioxidant systems of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Met and Chol supply in vitro on mRNA abundance of genes related to 1-carbon metabolism, inflammation, and immune function in short-term cultures of PMN isolated from mid-lactating Holstein cows in response to heat challenge. Blood PMN were isolated from 5 Holstein cows (153 ± 5 d postpartum, 34.63 ± 2.73 kg/d of milk production; mean ± SD). The PMN were incubated for 2 h at thermal-neutral (37°C; TN) or heat stress (42°C; HS) temperatures with 3 levels of Chol (0, 400, or 800 μg/mL) or 3 ratios of Lys:Met (Met; 3.6:1, 2.9:1, or 2.4:1). Supernatant concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α were measured via bovine-specific ELISA. Fold-changes in mRNA abundance were calculated separately for Chol and Met treatments to obtain the fold-change response at 42°C (HS) relative to 37°C (TN). Data were subjected to ANOVA using PROC MIXED in SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). Orthogonal contrasts were used to determine the linear or quadratic effect of Met and Chol for mRNA fold-change and supernatant cytokine concentrations. Compared with PMN receiving 0 μg of Chol/mL, heat-stressed PMN supplemented with Chol at 400 or 800 μg/mL had greater fold-change in abundance of CBS, CSAD, GSS, GSR, and GPX1. Among genes associated with inflammation and immune function, fold-change in abundance of TLR2, TLR4, IRAK1, IL1B, and IL10 increased with 400 and 800 μg of Chol/mL compared with PMN receiving 0 μg of Chol/mL. Fold-change in abundance of SAHH decreased linearly at increasing levels of Met supply. A linear effect was detected for MPO, NFKB1, and SOD1 due to greater fold-change in abundance when Met was increased to reach Lys:Met ratios of 2.9:1 and 2.4:1. Although increasing Chol supply upregulated BAX, BCL2, and HSP70, increased Met supply only upregulated BAX. Under HS conditions, enhancing PMN supply of Chol to 400 μg/mL effectively increased fold-change in abundance of genes involved in antioxidant production (conferring cellular processes protection from free radicals and reactive oxygen species), inflammatory signaling, and innate immunity. Although similar outcomes were obtained with Met supply at Lys:Met ratios of 2.9:1 and 2.4:1, the response was less pronounced. Both Chol and Met supply enhanced the cytoprotective characteristics of PMN through upregulation of heat shock proteins. Overall, the modulatory effects detected in the present experiment highlight an opportunity to use Met and particularly Chol supplementation during thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lopreiato
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - M Vailati-Riboni
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - C Parys
- Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Hanau-Wolfgang 63457, Germany
| | - C Fernandez
- Animal Science Department, Universitàt Politècnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - A Minuti
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - J J Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
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Liang Y, Alharthi AS, Elolimy AA, Bucktrout R, Lopreiato V, Martinez-Cortés I, Xu C, Fernandez C, Trevisi E, Loor JJ. Molecular networks of insulin signaling and amino acid metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue are altered by body condition in periparturient Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:10459-10476. [PMID: 32921465 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Peripartal cows mobilize not only body fat but also body protein to satisfy their energy requirements. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of prepartum BCS on blood biomarkers related to energy and nitrogen metabolism, and mRNA and protein abundance associated with AA metabolism and insulin signaling in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in peripartal cows. Twenty-two multiparous Holstein cows were retrospectively classified into a high BCS (HBCS; n = 11, BCS ≥ 3.5) or normal BCS (NBCS; n = 11, BCS ≤ 3.17) group at d 28 before expected parturition. Cows were fed the same diet as a total mixed ration before parturition and were fed the same lactation diet postpartum. Blood samples collected at -10, 7, 15, and 30 d relative to parturition were used for analyses of biomarkers associated with energy and nitrogen metabolism. Biopsies of SAT harvested at -15, 7, and 30 d relative to parturition were used for mRNA (real time-PCR) and protein abundance (Western blotting) assays. Data were subjected to ANOVA using the MIXED procedure of SAS (v. 9.4; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC), with P ≤ 0.05 being the threshold for significance. Cows in HBCS had greater overall plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentrations, due to marked increases at 7 and 15 d postpartum. This response was similar (BCS × Day effect) to protein abundance of phosphorylated (p) protein kinase B (p-AKT), the insulin-induced glucose transporter (SLC2A4), and the sodium-coupled neutral AA transporter (SLC38A1). Abundance of these proteins was lower at -15 d compared with NBCS cows, and either increased (SLC2A4, SLC38A1) or did not change (p-AKT) at 7 d postpartum in HBCS. Unlike protein abundance, however, overall mRNA abundances of the high-affinity cationic (SLC7A1), proton-coupled (SLC36A1), and sodium-coupled amino acid transporters (SLC38A2) were greater in HBCS than NBCS cows, due to upregulation in the postpartum phase. Those responses were similar to protein abundance of p-mTOR, which increased (BCS × Day effect) at 7 d in HBCS compared with NBCS cows. mRNA abundance of argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) and arginase 1 (ARG1) also was greater overall in HBCS cows. Together, these responses suggested impaired insulin signaling, coupled with greater postpartum AA transport rate and urea cycle activity in SAT of HBCS cows. An in vitro study using adipocyte and macrophage cocultures stimulated with various concentrations of fatty acids could provide some insights into the role of immune cells in modulating adipose tissue immunometabolic status, including insulin resistance and AA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - A S Alharthi
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Elolimy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205; Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock 72205; Department of Animal Production, National Research Centre, Giza, 12611, Egypt
| | - R Bucktrout
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - V Lopreiato
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - I Martinez-Cortés
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; Agricultural and Animal Production Department, UAM-Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - C Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - C Fernandez
- Animal Science Department, Universitàt Politècnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - E Trevisi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - J J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
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Ropars L, Affre L, Aubert M, Fernandez C, Flacher F, Genoud D, Guiter F, Jaworski C, Lair X, Mutillod C, Nève G, Schurr L, Geslin B. Pollinator Specific Richness and Their Interactions With Local Plant Species: 10 Years of Sampling in Mediterranean Habitats. Environ Entomol 2020; 49:947-955. [PMID: 32533159 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaa061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the context of global pollinator decline, little is known about the protection status and ecology of many species. This lack of knowledge is particularly important for Mediterranean protected areas that harbor diverse pollinator communities and are subject to considerable anthropogenic pressures. Calanques National Park (85 km2), which is located near Marseille (France), is dominated by Mediterranean low-vegetation habitats, such as phrygana and scrublands. These habitats offer favorable conditions for pollinator species due to the important amount of floral resources. Within a 10-yr period, we recorded bee (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), hover fly (Diptera: Syrphidae), and bee fly (Diptera: Bombyliidae) species and their interactions with the local flora through 10 field campaigns. We caught 250 pollinator species, including 192 bees, 38 hover flies, and 20 bee flies, for a total of 2,770 specimens. We recorded seven threatened bees (six near threatened and one endangered). Among the bee species, 47.9% were below-ground nesting species, and 54.7% were generalist species. Analysis of the pollination network showed that generalist and specialist pollinators do not share the same floral resources. The Cistaceae plant family (Malvales: Cistaceae) acted as a central node in the plant-pollinator network, interacting with 52 different pollinator species, which shows the importance of large open flowers that could be easily visited by both short and long-tongued pollinators in Mediterranean habitats. The occurrence of pollinator species and their ecological traits should strongly contribute to reinforcing the available information to provide or ameliorate the conservation statuses determined by IUCN Red List.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Ropars
- IMBE, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, Marseille, France
| | - Laurence Affre
- IMBE, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, Marseille, France
| | - Matthieu Aubert
- Observatoire des Abeilles, 68 rue du Onze Novembre, Flines-lez-Raches, France
| | | | - Floriane Flacher
- IMBE, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, Marseille, France
| | - David Genoud
- Observatoire des Abeilles, 68 rue du Onze Novembre, Flines-lez-Raches, France
| | - Frédéric Guiter
- IMBE, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, Marseille, France
| | - Coline Jaworski
- IMBE, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, Marseille, France
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Gabriel Nève
- IMBE, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, Marseille, France
| | - Lucie Schurr
- IMBE, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, Marseille, France
| | - Benoît Geslin
- IMBE, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, Marseille, France
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Ratsimbazafy C, Schwab C, Richebourg N, Fernandez C, Hindlet P. [Elder fallers: A group at risk of readmission?]. Ann Pharm Fr 2020; 79:70-76. [PMID: 32805209 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe older patients hospitalized for falls, at risk of readmission and priority for interventions to reduce this risk. METHODS We conducted an observational, monocentric, prospective study (from April to June 2019). The inclusion criteria were: patients aged 75 and over, admitted to the Emergency Department for falls, consenting to the study. For patients subsequently hospitalized, the geriatric scores were determined (risk of readmission [ISAR score], state of frailty, degree of autonomy [Katz score]), and when appropriate, medication treatments were listed and compliance of patients was assessed (Girerd score). RESULTS In three months, 154 patients were included (median age 86 years [min 75-max 103], sex ratio 0.44), of which 73 patients were hospitalized. Among these patients, 63% presented a high risk of readmission; 45.2% are likely to become frail; 72.6% were dependent. Finally, 53 of the 73 patients (72.6%) had a treatment in primary care and presented a 71.7% non-compliance or low-compliance rate. Fifty height patients (79.5%) had at least 1 drug associated with fall [min 1-max 7]. CONCLUSIONS Older patients presenting at hospital with a fall were numerous, often likely to become frail and dependent for the majority of them. As the readmission risk is also very high in this population, future studies aiming at reducing the risk of hospital readmission are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ratsimbazafy
- Hôpital Saint-Antoine, pharmacie, GHU, AP-HP, Sorbonne université, 184, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, faculté de pharmacie, département de pharmacie clinique, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France.
| | - C Schwab
- Université Paris-Saclay, faculté de pharmacie, département de pharmacie clinique, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France; Hôpital Saint-Antoine, pharmacie, GHU, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, institut Pierre-Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, Sorbonne université, 75012 Paris, France
| | - N Richebourg
- Hôpital Saint-Antoine, pharmacie, GHU, AP-HP, Sorbonne université, 184, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - C Fernandez
- Université Paris-Saclay, faculté de pharmacie, département de pharmacie clinique, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France; Hôpital Saint-Antoine, pharmacie, GHU, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, institut Pierre-Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, Sorbonne université, 75012 Paris, France
| | - P Hindlet
- Université Paris-Saclay, faculté de pharmacie, département de pharmacie clinique, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France; Hôpital Saint-Antoine, pharmacie, GHU, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, institut Pierre-Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, Sorbonne université, 75012 Paris, France
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Paterson T, Fernandez C, Burnett PJ, Lessey L, Hockley T, Hagen R, Coomansingh C, Sharma B, Chandrashekar R, Schaper R. Heartworm control in Grenada, West Indies: Results of a field study using imidacloprid 10% + moxidectin 2.5% and doxycycline for naturally-acquired Dirofilaria immitis infections. Vet Parasitol 2020; 284:109194. [PMID: 32866837 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Canine heartworm disease (CHD) results from infection with Dirofilaria immitis and while it is of global concern, it is most prevalent in tropical climates where conditions support the parasite and vector life cycles. Melarsomine dihydrochloride is the sole treatment for CHD recommended by the American Heartworm Society. However, in cases where cost or access to melarsomine precludes treatment of an infected dog, therapeutic alternatives are warranted. This randomized, controlled field study evaluated the adulticidal efficacy of a combination therapeutic protocol using 10 % imidacloprid + 2.5 % moxidectin spot-on and a single 28-day course of doxycycline and compared with that of a 2-dose melarsomine dihydrochloride protocol. Of 37 naturally-infected domestic dogs with class 1, 2 or early class 3 CHD enrolled in the study, 30 were evaluated for a minimum of 12 months. Seven dogs were withdrawn due to canine ehrlichiosis, non-compliance, or wrongful inclusion. Dogs were randomly assigned to a control (CP, n = 15) or investigational (IVP, n = 15) treatment group. CP dogs received two injections of melarsomine dihydrochloride (2.5 mg/kg) 24 -hs apart and maintained on monthly ivermectin/pyrantel. IVP dogs were treated with oral doxycycline (10 mg/kg twice daily for 28 days) and topical 10 % imidacloprid + 2.5 % moxidectin once monthly for 9 months. Dogs were evaluated up to 18 months - monthly for the first 9 months, then every 3 months. Parasiticidal efficacy was based on antigen status using the IDEXX PetChek® 34 Heartworm-PF Antigen test. By month 18, antigen was not detected in any study dog except one from the IVP group. One other IVP dog was persistently antigenemic and treated with melarsomine at month 12 according to the initial study protocol. Mean antigen concentration (based on optical density) decreased more rapidly in the CP group and by month 15 was 0.11 for the IVP and 0.07 for CP groups, with equivalent median concentrations (0.04) in both groups. Conversion following heat-treatment of antigen-negative samples occurred frequently and at similar rates in both treatment groups. Based on the bias of diagnostic tests towards detection of female worms, we conclude that monthly application of 10 % imidacloprid + 2.5 % moxidectin for 9 months combined with a course of doxycycline twice daily for 28 days resulted in effective therapy against female adults in CHD. This therapeutic option may be particularly useful in cases where financial constraint or access to melarsomine precludes treatment of an infected individual. This study was supported by Bayer Animal Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Paterson
- Small Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, PO Box 7, W.I., Grenada; Small Animal Medicine & Surgery Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, PO Box 7, Grenada, W.I., Grenada.
| | - C Fernandez
- Small Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, PO Box 7, W.I., Grenada; 1305 Newfound Harbor Drive Merritt Island, FL 32952, USA
| | - P J Burnett
- Small Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, PO Box 7, W.I., Grenada; Island Animal Hospital, 105 Mcleod St, Merritt Island, FL 32953, USA
| | - L Lessey
- Small Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, PO Box 7, W.I., Grenada; McMaster University, Life Sciences Building, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - T Hockley
- SVM Student, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, PO Box 7, Grenada, W.I., Grenada
| | - R Hagen
- Small Animal Medicine & Surgery Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, PO Box 7, Grenada, W.I., Grenada
| | - C Coomansingh
- Pathobiology Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, PO Box 7, Grenada, W.I., Grenada
| | - B Sharma
- Pathobiology Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, PO Box 7, Grenada, W.I., Grenada
| | - R Chandrashekar
- IDEXX Laboratories, One IDEXX Drive, Westbrook, ME 04092, USA
| | - R Schaper
- Bayer Animal Health GmbH, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
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Robledo EA, Schutzman R, Fang R, Fernandez C, Kwasinski R, Leiva K, Perez-Clavijo F, Godavarty A. Physiological wound assessment from coregistered and segmented tissue hemoglobin maps. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis 2020; 37:1249-1256. [PMID: 32749259 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.394985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A handheld near-infrared optical scanner (NIROS) was recently developed to map for effective changes in oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin concentration in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) across weeks of treatment. Herein, a coregistration and image segmentation approach was implemented to overlay hemoglobin maps onto the white light images of ulcers. Validation studies demonstrated over 97% accuracy in coregistration. Coregistration was further applied to a healing DFU across weeks of healing. The potential to predict changes in wound healing was observed when comparing the coregistered and segmented hemoglobin concentration area maps to the visual area of the wound.
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Quesada Dorador A, Fernandez C, Quesada-Ocete B, Sancho-Peluz P, Quesada-Ocete J, Martinez JG, Jimenez-Bello JG, Climent Paya V, Paya R, Bochard B, Palanca V, Vano-Bodi J, Simon JM, Perez-Bosca JL, Belchi J. P1475Impact of automatic screening and parasternal rights positions in the eligibility of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy for subcutaneous automatic cardioverter defibrillator implant. Europace 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa162.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A high percentage of failures in the detection of QRS and T wave in patients (pts) with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have been reported. This finding would prevent them from being eligible for an implantable subcutaneous automatic defibrillator (S-ICD). However, recently 2 changes in the detection have been proposed, automatic screening and the use of right parasternal position of the lead.
The aim of our work was to study if the elegibility proportion of patients was increased with both 2 advacements.
Methods
We included 31 patients (18 male)with a diagnosis of HCM and at least 1 risk factor for sudden death, in follow-up at the outdoor clinic of of 2 cardiology centers. We performed elegibility screening test in supine position and standing using both the automatic screening (AS) obtained by Boston Scientific Zoom Latitude programmer) and the manual (MS), to simulate the detection of the 3 vectors utilized in S-ICD detection. And both screens were registered with the surface electrodes in parasternal left and right position. A pte was considered eligible if at least one vector was correct in supine position and in standing position, well in parasternal left or right position.
Results
Using MS with left parasternal position, 22 patients (71%) were eligible. Adding the right parasternal lead, the eligibility increased by 10%, reaching 81%. In addition, in automatic screening, eligibility in right shifts (81%) it is 7% more than in the left and, with the addition of the rights to the left, the eligibility reaches up to 84%. Figure shows the three-lead ECG factors influencing screening pass vs failure.
Conclusion
AS, right parasternal lead position and the combination of right and left parasternal lead position, increase the eligibility of sICD candidates with HCM.
Abstract Figure. ECG factors influencing screening pass
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Affiliation(s)
- A Quesada Dorador
- University General Hospital of Valencia, Department of Cardiology, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Fernandez
- University General Hospital of Valencia, Department of Cardiology, Valencia, Spain
| | - B Quesada-Ocete
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU), Cardiology, Mainz, Germany
| | - P Sancho-Peluz
- Catholic University of Valencia "San Vicente Martir", Cardiology, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Quesada-Ocete
- University General Hospital of Valencia, Department of Cardiology, Valencia, Spain
| | - J G Martinez
- General University Hospital of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - J G Jimenez-Bello
- University General Hospital of Valencia, Department of Cardiology, Valencia, Spain
| | - V Climent Paya
- General University Hospital of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Paya
- University General Hospital of Valencia, Department of Cardiology, Valencia, Spain
| | - B Bochard
- University General Hospital of Valencia, Department of Cardiology, Valencia, Spain
| | - V Palanca
- University General Hospital of Valencia, Department of Cardiology, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Vano-Bodi
- University General Hospital of Valencia, Department of Cardiology, Valencia, Spain
| | - J M Simon
- University General Hospital of Valencia, Department of Cardiology, Valencia, Spain
| | - J L Perez-Bosca
- University General Hospital of Valencia, Department of Cardiology, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Belchi
- University General Hospital of Valencia, Department of Cardiology, Valencia, Spain
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Hevener W, Beine B, Woodruff J, Munafo D, Fernandez C, Rusk S, Nygate Y, Glattard N, Piper D, Sheedy C, Simpson M, Turkington F, Shokoueinejad M. 0636 Using AI To Predict Future CPAP Adherence and the Impact of Behavioral and Technical Interventions. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Clinical management of CPAP adherence remains an ongoing challenge. Behavioral and technical interventions such as patient outreach, coaching, troubleshooting, and resupply may be deployed to positively impact adherence. Previous authors have described adherence phenotypes that retrospectively categorize patients by discrete usage patterns. We design an AI model that predictively categorizes patients into previously studied adherence phenotypes and analyzes the statistical significance and effect size of several types of interventions on subsequent CPAP adherence.
Methods
We collected a cross-sectional cohort of subjects (N = 13,917) with 455 days of daily CPAP usage data acquired. Patient outreach notes and resupply data were temporally synchronized with daily CPAP usage. Each 30-days of usage was categorized into one of four adherence phenotypes as defined by Aloia et al. (2008) including Good Users, Variable Users, Occasional Attempters, and Non-Users. Cross-validation was used to train and evaluate a Recurrent Neural Network model for predicting future adherence phenotypes based on the dynamics of prior usage patterns. Two-sided 95% bootstrap confidence intervals and Cohen’s d statistic were used to analyze the significance and effect size of changes in usage behavior 30-days before and after administration of several resupply interventions.
Results
The AI model predicted the next 30-day adherence phenotype with an average of 90% sensitivity, 96% specificity, 95% accuracy, and 0.83 Cohen’s Kappa. The AI model predicted the number of days of CPAP non-use, use under 4-hours, and use over 4-hours for the next 30-days with OLS Regression R-squared values of 0.94, 0.88, and 0.95 compared to ground truth. Ten resupply interventions were associated with statistically significant increases in adherence, and ranked by adherence effect size using Cohen’s d. The most impactful were new cushions or masks, with a mean post-intervention CPAP adherence increase of 7-14% observed in Variable User, Occasional Attempter, and Non-User groups.
Conclusion
The AI model applied past CPAP usage data to predict future adherence phenotypes and usage with high sensitivity and specificity. We identified resupply interventions that were associated with significant increases in adherence for struggling patients. This work demonstrates a novel application for AI to aid clinicians in maintaining CPAP adherence.
Support
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Affiliation(s)
- W Hevener
- Sleep Data Diagnostics, San Diego, CA
| | - B Beine
- Sleep Data Diagnostics, San Diego, CA
| | | | - D Munafo
- Sleep Data Diagnostics, San Diego, CA
| | | | - S Rusk
- EnsoData Research, EnsoData, Madison, WI
| | - Y Nygate
- EnsoData Research, EnsoData, Madison, WI
| | - N Glattard
- EnsoData Research, EnsoData, Madison, WI
| | - D Piper
- EnsoData Research, EnsoData, Madison, WI
| | - C Sheedy
- EnsoData Research, EnsoData, Madison, WI
| | - M Simpson
- EnsoData Research, EnsoData, Madison, WI
| | | | - M Shokoueinejad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
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Everett CC, Reynolds C, Fernandez C, Stocken DD, Sharples LD, Sathyapalan T, Heller S, Storey RF, Ajjan RA. Rationale and design of the LIBERATES trial: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial of flash glucose monitoring for optimisation of glycaemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes and recent myocardial infarction. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2020; 17:1479164120957934. [PMID: 33081502 PMCID: PMC7919208 DOI: 10.1177/1479164120957934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycaemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with guarded clinical prognosis. Studies improving glucose levels in T2D following MI relied on HbA1c as the main glycaemic marker, failing to address potential adverse effects of hypoglycaemia and glucose variability. We describe the design of the LIBERATES trial that investigates the role of flash glucose monitoring in optimising glycaemic markers in high vascular risk individuals with T2D. This multicentre trial is designed to recruit up to 150 insulin and/or sulphonylurea-treated T2D patients, within 5 days of a proven MI. Individuals will be randomised 1:1 into intervention and control groups using flash glucose monitoring sensors and traditional self-monitoring of blood glucose, respectively. The control group will also wear a blinded continuous glucose monitoring sensor. The primary outcome is the difference in time spent in euglycaemia (defined as glucose levels between 3.9-10.0 mmol/l), comparing study groups 3 months following recruitment, assessed daily for 14 days and as an average. Secondary and exploratory end points include time spent in hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia, HbA1c, quality of life measures, major adverse cardiac events and cost-effectiveness of the intervention. This study will establish the role of flash glucose monitoring in glycaemic management of individuals with T2D sustaining a cardiac event.(Trial Registration: ISRCTN14974233, registered 12th June 2017).
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin C Everett
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Catherine Reynolds
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Catherine Fernandez
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Deborah D Stocken
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Linda D Sharples
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, Bloomsbury, London, UK
| | | | - Simon Heller
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals Trust, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Robert F Storey
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Ramzi A Ajjan
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
- Department of Diabetes and Endocirnology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
- Ramzi A Ajjan, Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, The LIGHT Laboratories, Clarendon Way, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS2 9JT, UK.
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Liang Y, Alharthi AS, Bucktrout R, Elolimy AA, Lopreiato V, Martinez-Cortés I, Xu C, Fernandez C, Trevisi E, Loor JJ. Body condition alters glutathione and nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NFE2L2)-related antioxidant network abundance in subcutaneous adipose tissue of periparturient Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:6439-6453. [PMID: 32359988 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dairy cows with high body condition score (BCS) in late prepartum are more susceptible to oxidative stress (OS). Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NFE2L2) is a major antioxidant transcription factor. We investigated the effect of precalving BCS on blood biomarkers associated with OS, inflammation, and liver function, along with mRNA and protein abundance of targets related to NFE2L2 and glutathione (GSH) metabolism in s.c. adipose tissue (SAT) of periparturient dairy cows. Twenty-two multiparous Holstein cows were retrospectively classified into a high BCS (HBCS; n = 11, BCS ≥3.5) or normal BCS (NBCS; n = 11, BCS ≤3.17) on d 28 before parturition. Cows were fed a corn silage- and wheat straw-based total mixed ration during late prepartum, and a corn silage- and alfalfa hay-based total mixed ration postpartum. Blood samples obtained at -10, 7, 15, and 30 d relative to parturition were used for analyses of biomarkers associated with inflammation, including albumin, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, and myeloperoxidase, as well as OS, including ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and β-carotene. Adipose biopsies harvested at -15, 7, and 30 d relative to parturition were analyzed for mRNA (real-time quantitative PCR) and protein abundance (Western blotting) of targets associated with the antioxidant transcription regulator nuclear factor, NFE2L2, and GSH metabolism pathway. In addition, concentrations of GSH, ROS and malondialdehyde were measured. High BCS cows had lower prepartum dry matter intake expressed as a percentage of body weight along with greater BCS loss between -4 and 4 wk relative to parturition. Plasma concentrations of ROS and FRAP increased after parturition regardless of treatment. Compared with NBCS, HBCS cows had greater concentrations of FRAP at d 7 postpartum, which coincided with peak values in those cows. In addition, NBCS cows experienced a marked decrease in plasma ROS after d 7 postpartum, while HBCS cows maintained a constant concentration by d 30 postpartum. Overall, ROS concentrations in SAT were greater in HBCS cows. However, overall mRNA abundance of NFE2L2 was lower and cullin 3 (CUL3), a negative regulator of NFE2L2, was greater in HBCS cows. Although HBCS cows had greater overall total protein abundance of NFE2L2 in SAT, ratio of phosphorylated NFE2L2 to total NFE2L2 was lower, suggesting a decrease in the activity of this antioxidant system. Overall, mRNA abundance of the GSH metabolism-related genes glutathione reductase (GSR), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), and transaldolase 1 (TALDO1), along with protein abundance of glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1), were greater in HBCS cows. Data suggest that HBCS cows might experience greater systemic OS after parturition, while increased abundance of mRNA and protein components of the GSH metabolism pathway in SAT might help alleviate tissue oxidant status. Data underscored the importance of antioxidant mechanisms at the tissue level. Thus, targeting these pathways in SAT during the periparturient period via nutrition might help control tissue remodeling while allowing optimal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - A S Alharthi
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - R Bucktrout
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - A A Elolimy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205; Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock 72205; Department of Animal Production, National Research Centre, Giza 12611, Egypt
| | - V Lopreiato
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - I Martinez-Cortés
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; Agricultural and Animal Production Department, UAM-Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - C Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Xinyang Rd. 5, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - C Fernandez
- Animal Science Department, Universitàt Politècnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - E Trevisi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - J J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
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Brown S, Nixon J, Ransom M, Gilberts R, Dewhirst N, McGinnis E, Longo R, Game F, Bojke C, Chadwick P, Chandrasekar A, Chetter I, Collier H, Fernandez C, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Jude E, Leigh R, Lomas R, Vowden P, Wason J, Sharples L, Russell D. Multiple Interventions for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Treatment Trial (MIDFUT): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e035947. [PMID: 32312727 PMCID: PMC7245399 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes affects more than 425 million people worldwide with a lifetime risk of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) of up to 25%. Management includes wound debridement, wound dressings, offloading, treatment of infection and ischaemia, optimising glycaemic control; use of advanced adjuvant therapies is limited by high cost and lack of robust evidence. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A multicentre, seamless phase II/III, open, parallel group, multi-arm multi-stage randomised controlled trial in patients with a hard-to-heal DFU, with blinded outcome assessment. A maximum of 447 participants will be randomised (245 participants in phase II and 202 participants in phase III). The phase II primary objective will determine the efficacy of treatment strategies including hydrosurgical debridement ± decellularised dermal allograft, or the combination with negative pressure wound therapy, as an adjunct to treatment as usual (TAU), compared with TAU alone, with patients randomised in a 1:1:1:2 allocation. The outcome is achieving at least 50% reduction in index ulcer area at 4 weeks post randomisation.The phase III primary objective will determine whether one treatment strategy, continued from phase II, reduces time to healing of the index ulcer compared with TAU alone, with participants randomised in a 1:1 allocation. Secondary objectives will compare healing status of the index ulcer, infection rate, reulceration, quality of life, cost-effectiveness and incidence of adverse events over 52 weeks post randomisation. Phase II and phase III primary endpoint analysis will be conducted using a mixed-effects logistic regression model and Cox proportional hazards regression, respectively. A within-trial economic evaluation will be undertaken; the primary economic analysis will be a cost-utility analysis presenting ICERs for each treatment strategy in rank order of effectiveness, with effects expressed as quality-adjusted life years.The trial has predefined progression criteria for the selection of one treatment strategy into phase III based on efficacy, safety and costs at 4 weeks. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval has been granted by the National Research Ethics Service (NRES) Committee Yorkshire and The Humber - Bradford Leeds Research Ethics Committee; approved 26 April 2017; (REC reference: 17/YH/0055). There is planned publication of a monograph in National Institute for Health Research journals and main trial results and associated papers in high-impact peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN64926597; registered on 6 June 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Brown
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jane Nixon
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Myka Ransom
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Rachael Gilberts
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Nikki Dewhirst
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Elizabeth McGinnis
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Roberta Longo
- Academic Unit of Health Economics, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Frances Game
- Derby Teaching Hospitals NHS Fundation Trust, Derby, UK
| | - Chris Bojke
- Academic Unit of Health Economics, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | | | - Howard Collier
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Catherine Fernandez
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter Vowden
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - James Wason
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Linda Sharples
- Department of Medical Statistics, London Schoool of Hygience and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - David Russell
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Ormeño E, Viros J, Mévy JP, Tonetto A, Saunier A, Bousquet-Mélou A, Fernandez C. Exogenous Isoprene Confers Physiological Benefits in a Negligible Isoprene Emitter ( Acer monspessulanum L. ) Under Water Deficit. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9020159. [PMID: 32012939 PMCID: PMC7076702 DOI: 10.3390/plants9020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Isoprene, the main volatile released by plants, is known to protect the photosynthetic apparatus in isoprene emitters submitted to oxidative pressures caused by environmental constraints. Whether ambient isoprene contributes to protect negligible plant emitters under abiotic stress conditions is less clear, and no study has tested if ambient isoprene is beneficial during drought periods in plant species that naturally release negligible isoprene emissions. This study examines the effect of exogenous isoprene (20 ppbv) on net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and production of H2O2 (a reactive oxygen species: ROS) in leaves of Acer monspessulanum (a negligible isoprene emitter) submitted to three watering treatments (optimal, moderate water stress and severe water stress). Results showed that A. monspessulanum exhibited a net photosynthesis increase (+30%) and a relative leaf H2O2 decrease when saplings were exposed to an enriched isoprene atmosphere compared to isoprene-free conditions under moderate water deficit. Such physiological improvement under isoprene exposure was not observed under optimal watering or severe water stress. These findings suggest that when negligible isoprene emitters are surrounded by a very high concentration of isoprene in the ambient air, some plant protection mechanism occurs under moderate water deficit probably related to protection against ROS damage eventually impeding photosynthesis drop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ormeño
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, IRD, IMBE, 13331 Marseille, France; (J.V.); (J.-P.M.); (A.B.-M.); (C.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-413-55-12-26
| | - Justine Viros
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, IRD, IMBE, 13331 Marseille, France; (J.V.); (J.-P.M.); (A.B.-M.); (C.F.)
| | - Jean-Philippe Mévy
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, IRD, IMBE, 13331 Marseille, France; (J.V.); (J.-P.M.); (A.B.-M.); (C.F.)
| | - Alain Tonetto
- Platform of analytical and technological research and imaging, FR1739, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13003 Marseille, France;
| | - Amélie Saunier
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Anne Bousquet-Mélou
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, IRD, IMBE, 13331 Marseille, France; (J.V.); (J.-P.M.); (A.B.-M.); (C.F.)
| | - Catherine Fernandez
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, IRD, IMBE, 13331 Marseille, France; (J.V.); (J.-P.M.); (A.B.-M.); (C.F.)
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Morlet E, Costemale-Lacoste JF, Poulet E, McMahon K, Hoertel N, Limosin F, Alezrah C, Amado I, Amar G, Andréi O, Arbault D, Archambault G, Aurifeuille G, Barrière S, Béra-Potelle C, Blumenstock Y, Bardou H, Bareil-Guérin M, Barrau P, Barrouillet C, Baup E, Bazin N, Beaufils B, Ben Ayed J, Benoit M, Benyacoub K, Bichet T, Blanadet F, Blanc O, Blanc-Comiti J, Boussiron D, Bouysse AM, Brochard A, Brochart O, Bucheron B, Cabot M, Camus V, Chabannes JM, Charlot V, Charpeaud T, Clad-Mor C, Combes C, Comisu M, Cordier B, Costi F, Courcelles JP, Creixell M, Cuche H, Cuervo-Lombard C, Dammak A, Da Rin D, Denis JB, Denizot H, Deperthuis A, Diers E, Dirami S, Donneau D, Dreano P, Dubertret C, Duprat E, Duthoit D, Fernandez C, Fonfrede P, Freitas N, Gasnier P, Gauillard J, Getten F, Gierski F, Godart F, Gourevitch R, Grassin Delyle A, Gremion J, Gres H, Griner V, Guerin-Langlois C, Guggiari C, Guillin O, Hadaoui H, Haffen E, Hanon C, Haouzir S, Hazif-Thomas C, Heron A, Hubsch B, Jalenques I, Januel D, Kaladjian A, Karnycheff JF, Kebir O, Krebs MO, Lajugie C, Leboyer M, Legrand P, Lejoyeux M, Lemaire V, Leroy E, Levy-Chavagnat D, Leydier A, Liling C, Llorca PM, Loeffel P, Louville P, Lucas Navarro S, Mages N, Mahi M, Maillet O, Manetti A, Martelli C, Martin P, Masson M, Maurs-Ferrer I, Mauvieux J, Mazmanian S, Mechin E, Mekaoui L, Meniai M, Metton A, Mihoubi A, Miron M, Mora G, Niro Adès V, Nubukpo P, Omnes C, Papin S, Paris P, Passerieux C, Pellerin J, Perlbarg J, Perron S, Petit A, Petitjean F, Portefaix C, Pringuey D, Radtchenko A, Rahiou H, Raucher-Chéné D, Rauzy A, Reinheimer L, Renard M, René M, Rengade CE, Reynaud P, Robin D, Rodrigues C, Rollet A, Rondepierre F, Rousselot B, Rubingher S, Saba G, Salvarelli JP, Samuelian JC, Scemama-Ammar C, Schurhoff F, Schuster JP, Sechter D, Segalas B, Seguret T, Seigneurie AS, Semmak A, Slama F, Taisne S, Taleb M, Terra JL, Thefenne D, Tran E, Tourtauchaux R, Vacheron MN, Vandel P, Vanhoucke V, Venet E, Verdoux H, Viala A, Vidon G, Vitre M, Vurpas JL, Wagermez C, Walter M, Yon L, Zendjidjian X. Psychiatric and physical outcomes of long-term use of lithium in older adults with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: A cross-sectional multicenter study. J Affect Disord 2019; 259:210-217. [PMID: 31446382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although lithium is widely used in current practice to treat bipolar disorder (BD) and treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) among older adults, little is known about its efficacy and tolerability in this population, which is generally excluded from randomized clinical trials. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of long-term use of lithium among older adults with BD and MDD. METHOD Data from the Cohort of individuals with Schizophrenia and mood disorders Aged 55 years or more (CSA) were used. Two groups of patients with BD and MDD were compared: those who were currently receiving lithium versus those who were not. The effects of lithium on psychiatric (i.e., depressive symptoms severity, perceived clinical severity, rates of psychiatric admissions in the past-year), geriatric (overall and cognitive functioning) and physical outcomes (i.e., rates of non-psychiatric medical comorbidities and general hospital admissions in the past-year) were evaluated. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, duration of disorder, diagnosis, smoking status, alcohol use, and use of antipsychotics, antiepileptics or antidepressants. RESULTS Among the 281 older participants with BD or MDD, 15.7% were taking lithium for a mean duration of 12.5(SD = 11.6) years. Lithium use was associated with lower intensity of depressive symptoms, reduced perceived clinical global severity and lower benzodiazepine use (all p < 0.05), without being linked to greater rates of medical comorbidities, except for hypothyroidism. LIMITATIONS Data were cross-sectional and data on lifetime history of psychotropic medications was not assessed. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that long-term lithium use may be efficient and relatively well-tolerated in older adults with BD or treatment-resistant MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Morlet
- Department of Psychiatry, Corentin Celton Hospital, 4 Parvis Corentin Celton, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
| | - Jean-François Costemale-Lacoste
- Department of Psychiatry, Corentin Celton Hospital, 4 Parvis Corentin Celton, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; INSERM UMRS 1178, CESP, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
| | - Emmanuel Poulet
- INSERM, U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, PSY-R2 Team, Lyon F-69000, France
| | - Kibby McMahon
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, 2213 Elba Street, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Nicolas Hoertel
- Department of Psychiatry, Corentin Celton Hospital, 4 Parvis Corentin Celton, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; INSERM UMR 894, Psychiatry and Neurosciences Center, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Limosin
- Department of Psychiatry, Corentin Celton Hospital, 4 Parvis Corentin Celton, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; INSERM UMR 894, Psychiatry and Neurosciences Center, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Pereira S, Burešová A, Kopecky J, Mádrová P, Aupic-Samain A, Fernandez C, Baldy V, Sagova-Mareckova M. Litter traits and rainfall reduction alter microbial litter decomposers: the evidence from three Mediterranean forests. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2019; 95:5606783. [PMID: 31647539 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiz168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate changes in microbial communities with the predicted arrival of new species to Mediterranean forests under projected intensification of water stress conditions. For that, litter from three Mediterranean forests dominated respectively by Quercus pubescens Willd., Quercus ilex L. and Pinus halepensis Mill. were collected, and placed to their 'home' forest but also to the two other forests under natural and amplified drought conditions (i.e. rainfall reduction of 30%). Quantitative PCR showed that overall, actinobacteria and total bacteria were more abundant in Q. pubescens and Q. ilex than in P. halepensis litter. However, the abundance of both groups was dependent on the forest sites: placement of allochthonous litter to Q. pubescens and P. halepensis forests (i.e. P. halepensis and Q. pubescens, respectively) increased bacterial and fungal abundances, while no effect was observed in Q. ilex forest. P. halepensis litter in Q. pubescens and Q. ilex forests significantly reduced actinobacteria (A/F) and total bacteria (B/F) to fungi ratios. The reduction of rainfall did not influence actinobacteria and bacteria but caused an increase of fungi. As a result, a reduction of A/F ratio is expected with the plant community change towards the dominance of spreading P. halepensis under amplified drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pereira
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE UMR 7263, Marseille, France
| | - A Burešová
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Vinicna 7, Prague, Czech Republic.,Ecologie Microbienne, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5557, INRA 1418, Villeurbanne, France.,Laboratory for Diagnostics and Epidemiology of Microorgansims, Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, CZ-16106 Prague 6, Ruzyne, Czech Republic
| | - J Kopecky
- Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - P Mádrová
- Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - A Aupic-Samain
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE UMR 7263, Marseille, France
| | - C Fernandez
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE UMR 7263, Marseille, France
| | - V Baldy
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE UMR 7263, Marseille, France
| | - M Sagova-Mareckova
- Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Trucksess MW, Artis T, Diaz C, Fernandez C, Harkin K, Layton D, Shillito R, Thomas F, Williams K, Yeung J. Determination of Cry9C Protein in Corn-Based Foods by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: Interlaboratory Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/84.6.1891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The performance of a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (Enviro-Logix) was assessed for the determination of Cry9C protein, which is produced by the genetically modified corn StarLink, in 8 types of corn-based foods (starch, refined oil, soft tortillas, tortilla chips, corn flakes, corn puffs, corn muffins, and corn bread) in an interlaboratory study involving 7 laboratories in the United States. The assay kit is a double antibody sandwich and is based on the specific interaction between antibody and antigen. The Cry9C protein analyte is sandwiched between 2 antibodies, one to capture the analyte and the other is conjugated to the enzyme, horseradish peroxidase. The enzyme uses tetramethylbenzidine/peroxide for color development. A strong acid stopping reagent is then used to change the color from blue to a stable yellow. The intensity of the color is proportional to the concentration of the Cry9C protein. In this study blind duplicates of control samples (blank material prepared from non- StarLink corn), spiked samples (blank material with the addition of Cry9C protein), and samples containing incurred analyte (products prepared with StarLink corn) were analyzed. Cry9C protein from 2 different sources was used to spike the food products. Cry9C protein produced and purified from a bacterial host was used to prepare spiked test samples at 2.72 and 6.8 ng/g. Cry9C protein from StarLink corn flour was used to prepare spiked samples at 1.97 ng/g. Average recoveries for samples spiked with corn flour Cry9C protein at 1.97 ng/g ranged from 73 to 122%, within-laboratory relative standard deviations (RSDr) ranged from 6 to 22%, and between-laboratories relative standard deviations (RSDR) ranged from 16 to 56%. Average recoveries for samples spiked with bacterial Cry9C protein at 2.72 and 6.8 ng/g ranged from 27 to 96% and from 32 to 113%, respectively; RSDr values ranged from 10 to 35%and from 7 to 38%, respectively; and the RSDR ranged from 28 to 84%and 15 to 75%, respectively. The incurred test samples were found to contain Cry9C protein at levels ranging from 0.8 to 3187 ng/g depending on the product, RSDr values ranged from 5 to 16% and RSDR values ranged from 11 to 71%. Results of the statistical analysis indicate that this method is applicable to the determination of Cry9C protein in the 8 types of collaboratively studied corn-based products containing Cry9C protein (from StarLink ) at levels of ≥2 ng/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary W Trucksess
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Washington, DC 20204
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Chikere C, Faisal NH, Lin PKT, Fernandez C. Zinc oxide nanoparticles modified-carbon paste electrode used for the electrochemical determination of Gallic acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1310/1/012008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Anguita M, Sambola Ayala A, Elola J, Bernal JL, Fernandez C, Ferreiro JL, Bueno H, Marin F, Bonilla JL, Nunez-Villota J, Sanmartin M, Raposeiras S, Jimenez-Navarro MF, Filgueiras D, Ruiz-Ortiz M. P1515Female sex is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with STEMI in Spain: a study in 325,017 episodes over 11 years (2005–2015). Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Recent studies reported a decrease in the mortality of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. This favorable evolution could not extend to women. The interaction between gender and mortality in STEMI remains controversial.
Purpose
To assess the impact of female sex on mortality of patients with STEMI through of period of 11 years.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study using information provided by the minimal database system of the Spanish National Health System to identify all hospitalizations in patients aged 35–94 years with the principal diagnosis of STEMI from 2005–2015.
Results
A total of 325,017 STEMI were identified. Of them, 273,182 were included, and 106,277 (38.8%) were women. Women were older than men and had more comorbidities. Through the study period 53% men vs 37.2% underwent PTCA; women presented more frequently heart failure, shock and stroke than men (p<0.001, respectively). The mean crude in-hospital mortality rate for the whole study period was higher in women (OR: 2.18; 95% CI: 2.12.-2.23, p<0.0001). Female sex was independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.14–1.22, p<0.001) (Table 1). The risk was maintained through the whole study period (lower OR: 1.14 in 2014; higher OR: 1.28 in 2006).
Table 1. Variables independently associated with in-hospital mortality adjusted by risk in a multilevel logistic regression model, 2005–2015 STEMI In-hospital mortality Odds Ratio P 95% CI Woman 1.18 <0.001 1.14 1.22 Age 1.06 <0.001 1.06 1.06 History of PTCA 1.58 <0.001 1.40 1.77 Congestive heart failure 1.26 <0.001 1.22 1.30 Acute Myocardial Infarction 1.84 <0.001 1.54 2.20 Anterior myocardial infarction 1.47 <0.001 1.23 1.76 Cardio-respiratory failure or shock 15.25 <0.001 14.78 15.75 Hypertension 0.81 <0.001 0.79 0.84 Stroke 5.76 <0.001 5.18 6.42 Cerebrovascular disease 0.86 <0.001 0.79 0.93 Renal failure 1.95 <0.001 1.88 2.02 Vascular disease and complications 7.03 <0.001 5.72 8.63 CI, Confidence Interval.
Conclusions
Female sex is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with STEMI in Spain, maintaining through a period of the 11 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Anguita
- University Hospital Reina Sofia, Cardiology, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - J Elola
- IMAS, Cardiology, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - J L Ferreiro
- University Hospital of Bellvitge, Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - H Bueno
- University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Cardiology, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Marin
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Cardiology, Murcia, Spain
| | - J L Bonilla
- Hospital San Juan de la Cruz (Úbeda)., Cardiology, Cordoba, Spain
| | - J Nunez-Villota
- University Hospital Clinic of Valencia, Cardiology, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Sanmartin
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Raposeiras
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo., Cardiology, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - D Filgueiras
- Hospital Clinic San Carlos, Cardiology, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Ruiz-Ortiz
- University Hospital Reina Sofia, Cardiology, Cordoba, Spain
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