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Kotini AG, Carcamo S, Cruz-Rodriguez N, Olszewska M, Wang T, Demircioglu D, Chang CJ, Bernard E, Chao MP, Majeti R, Luo H, Kharas MG, Hasson D, Papapetrou EP. Patient-Derived iPSCs Faithfully Represent the Genetic Diversity and Cellular Architecture of Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Blood Cancer Discov 2023; 4:318-335. [PMID: 37067914 PMCID: PMC10320625 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-22-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The reprogramming of human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells into induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines could provide new faithful genetic models of AML, but is currently hindered by low success rates and uncertainty about whether iPSC-derived cells resemble their primary counterparts. Here we developed a reprogramming method tailored to cancer cells, with which we generated iPSCs from 15 patients representing all major genetic groups of AML. These AML-iPSCs retain genetic fidelity and produce transplantable hematopoietic cells with hallmark phenotypic leukemic features. Critically, single-cell transcriptomics reveal that, upon xenotransplantation, iPSC-derived leukemias faithfully mimic the primary patient-matched xenografts. Transplantation of iPSC-derived leukemias capturing a clone and subclone from the same patient allowed us to isolate the contribution of a FLT3-ITD mutation to the AML phenotype. The results and resources reported here can transform basic and preclinical cancer research of AML and other human cancers. SIGNIFICANCE We report the generation of patient-derived iPSC models of all major genetic groups of human AML. These exhibit phenotypic hallmarks of AML in vitro and in vivo, inform the clonal hierarchy and clonal dynamics of human AML, and exhibit striking similarity to patient-matched primary leukemias upon xenotransplantation. See related commentary by Doulatov, p. 252. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 247.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriana G. Kotini
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Saul Carcamo
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Bioinformatics for Next-Generation Sequencing Shared Resource Facility, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Nataly Cruz-Rodriguez
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Malgorzata Olszewska
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Tiansu Wang
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Deniz Demircioglu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Bioinformatics for Next-Generation Sequencing Shared Resource Facility, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Chan-Jung Chang
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Elsa Bernard
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mark P. Chao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Ravindra Majeti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Hanzhi Luo
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael G. Kharas
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Dan Hasson
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Bioinformatics for Next-Generation Sequencing Shared Resource Facility, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Eirini P. Papapetrou
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Chang CJ, Sun CH, Hsu CJ, Chiu T, Yu SH, Wu HP. Cochlear implant mapping strategy to solve difficulty in speech recognition. J Chin Med Assoc 2022; 85:874-879. [PMID: 35666612 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cochlear implants (CIs) are viable treatment options in patients with severe to profound hearing loss. Speech recognition difficulties were reported in some CI recipients even with a good-aided hearing threshold. The aim of this study was to report a mapping strategy based on different target-aided hearing thresholds to achieve optimal speech recognition and maximize functional outcomes. The safety and efficacy of the mapping strategy were also inspected in the article. METHODS This prospective repeated measures study enrolled 20 adult CI recipients with postlingual deafness using the MED-EL CI system. Word and sentence discrimination assessment and administration of a questionnaire pertaining to comfort level were conducted at the end of each session. The electrophysiological features of the CI mapping were recorded. RESULTS The correlation between audiometry results and word and sentence recognition was not high. CIs performed best at an audiometry threshold between 25 and 35 dB. CONCLUSION CI performance with the best perception relies on a balance between minimizing the hearing threshold and maximizing the dynamic range while maintaining an appropriate comfort level, which was achieved when the target hearing threshold was set at 25-35 dB in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Jung Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chuan-Hung Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chuan-Jen Hsu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ting Chiu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Szu-Hui Yu
- Department of Music, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung-Pin Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
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Sun CH, Chang CJ, Hsu CJ, Wu HP. Feasibility of early activation after cochlear implantation. Clin Otolaryngol 2019; 44:1004-1010. [PMID: 31487432 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study is to investigate feasibility of early activation after cochlear implantation by evaluating long-term impedance change and speech perception. DESIGN Case-control study SETTING: Between July 2015 and December 2016, we prospectively enrolled 20 subjects for early activation (within 24 hours after cochlear implantation). On the other hand, from November 2013 to July 2015, 20 age- and sex-matched control subjects from the database of cochlear implantees treated with conventional activation schedule (4 weeks after surgery) were retrospectively enrolled. PARTICIPANT Forty patients who underwent cochlear implantation surgeries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The series impedance and speech perception score of both groups were compared. RESULTS No statistical difference in long-term follow-up between the two groups was found using GEEs and multivariate analysis. In the early activation group, impedance reached a steady level by the 2nd postoperative week, and the hearing perception ability significantly improved by the 4th postoperative week. CONCLUSION This comparative study illustrated sequential impedance data during early activation (24 hours) and conventional activation (4 weeks) after CI surgery. There were no major complications in either group, and the safety of early activation with respect to impedance changes, postoperative residual hearing preservation and speech perception scores were non-inferior to that of the conventional group. Therefore, in this study, we established the feasibility of early activation 24 hours after cochlear implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Hung Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Jung Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Jen Hsu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Pin Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Abstract
Objective: Whereas the nature of otosclerosis has been extensively investigated, treatment modalities in advanced otosclerosis with the sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) are relatively unexplored. Materials and Methods: This article presents a retrospective case series study of nine patients who received a one-stage piston coupled with Vibrant Soundbridge® vibroplasty in treating otosclerosis with moderate-to-severe SNHL. Results: The findings suggest that hearing loss could be restored across frequencies and no significant change in the bone-conduction threshold were measured. Conclusion: One-stage piston surgery coupled with incus vibroplasty is a safe procedure and has sufficient efficacy to restore hearing loss in patients with otosclerosis with moderate-to-severe SNHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Jung Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Wen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Hung Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Hung-Pin Wu
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
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Huang TT, Cheng KH, Chang CJ, Chen KC, Liu JK, Wong TY. Transoral vertical ramus osteotomy fixed with Kirschner pins. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 56:841-846. [PMID: 30293802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Transoral vertical ramus osteotomy (VRO) has been condemned because the condyle has the potential to sag, and because it needs lengthy maxillomandibular fixation. We have therefore introduced a simple method of fixation, and examined its effectiveness and complications. After the osteotomy, the proximal and distal segments are trimmed to adapt to each other. Four Kirschner (K) pins 0.9mm in diameter are inserted percutaneously from the proximal to the distal segment while the condyle is positioned in the glenoid fossa. This is followed by a brief period of maxillomandibular fixation. We have reviewed the records of 95 patients who had unilateral or bilateral vertical ramus osteotomy fixed with K pins, after which the mean (SD) period of fixation was 19 (11) days. Fixation failed in two patients because excursion of the jaw was either too heavy or too early. The fixations were redone. All other fixations remained stable, including the 20 dual-jaw procedures in which VRO preceded maxillary osteotomy. The mean (SD) maximal mouth opening at final follow-up was 44 (7) mm, and in only one patient was it less than 30mm. Numbness of the lip or chin developed in seven patients, five of whom had other anterior mandibular procedures. Four patients had discomfort on palpation of the site of the pins, and one required removal. The new method was effective, and resulted in few complications within its limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Huang
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - K H Cheng
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - C J Chang
- Division of Orthodontics, Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - K C Chen
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - J K Liu
- Division of Orthodontics, Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - T Y Wong
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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6
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Chang CJ, Sun CH, Chen TS, Wu HP. Navigation-assisted endoscopic endonasal surgery of a glomangiopericytoma with intraorbital extension: A case report and literature review. Tzu Chi Med J 2018; 30:119-121. [PMID: 29875594 PMCID: PMC5968740 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_161_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A glomangiopericytoma, or sinonasal type hemangiopericytoma, is a rare lesion which accounts for <0.5% of all sinonasal tumors. The mainstay treatment is wide excision. Instead of traditional open surgical approaches, such as midfacial degloving or lateral rhinotomy, we offer a case of 21-year-old male with diagnosis of glomangiopericytoma with skull base and intraorbital invasion and received navigation-assisted endoscopic excision of a glomangiopericytoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Jung Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Hung Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pathology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Pin Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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7
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Verma N, Pan H, Doré LC, Shukla A, Li QV, Pelham-Webb B, Teijeiro V, González F, Krivtsov A, Chang CJ, Papapetrou EP, He C, Elemento O, Huangfu D. Publisher Correction: TET proteins safeguard bivalent promoters from de novo methylation in human embryonic stem cells. Nat Genet 2017; 50:764. [PMID: 29255266 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-017-0024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The version of the Supplementary Text and Figures file initially posted was missing Supplementary Tables 1-6 and the Supplementary Note and used incorrect versions of the supplementary figures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipun Verma
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences at Cornell University/The Rockefeller University/Sloan Kettering Institute Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heng Pan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Louis C Doré
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Abhijit Shukla
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qing V Li
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bobbie Pelham-Webb
- Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences at Cornell University/The Rockefeller University/Sloan Kettering Institute Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY, USA
| | - Virginia Teijeiro
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Federico González
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrei Krivtsov
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chan-Jung Chang
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eirini P Papapetrou
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Danwei Huangfu
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA.
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Pong YH, Chang CJ, Tsai VFS, Tsai DC, Tsai JH, Lee IC, Huang PL. Genital Tuberculosis Presenting as Acute Scrotum Mimicking Fournier's Gangrene. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791302000509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genital tuberculosis usually presents as local symptoms such as lower abdominal pain and a sensation of scrotal bloating. We report a rare case of genital tuberculosis in a 46-year-old man presenting with symptoms that mimic Fournier's gangrene. He had a progressive local symptoms of scrotal tenderness, redness, swelling, and local rise in temperature. The patient underwent emergency open debridement, and pathology confirmed tuberculosis infection. Recovery was uneventful after 6 months of anti-tuberculosis drug treatment. Literature of genital tuberculosis is also reviewed.
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9
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Verma N, Pan H, Doré LC, Shukla A, Li QV, Pelham-Webb B, Teijeiro V, González F, Krivtsov A, Chang CJ, Papapetrou EP, He C, Elemento O, Huangfu D. TET proteins safeguard bivalent promoters from de novo methylation in human embryonic stem cells. Nat Genet 2017; 50:83-95. [PMID: 29203910 PMCID: PMC5742051 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-017-0002-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The TET enzymes oxidize 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, which can lead to DNA demethylation. However, direct connections between TET-mediated DNA demethylation and transcriptional output are difficult to establish due to challenges of distinguishing global versus locus-specific effects. Here we show that TET1/2/3 triple knockout (TKO) human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) exhibit prominent bivalent promoter hypermethylation without an overall corresponding gene expression decrease in the undifferentiated state. Focusing on the bivalent PAX6 locus, we find increased DNMT3B binding is associated with promoter hypermethylation, which precipitates a neural differentiation defect and failure of PAX6 induction during differentiation. dCas9-mediated locus-specific demethylation and global inactivation of DNMT3B in TKO hESCs partially reverses the hypermethylation at the PAX6 promoter and improves differentiation to neuroectoderm. Taken together with further genome-wide methylation and TET1 and DNMT3B ChIP-Seq analysis, we conclude that the TET proteins safeguard bivalent promoters from de novo methylation to ensure robust lineage-specific transcription upon differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipun Verma
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences at Cornell University/The Rockefeller University/Sloan Kettering Institute Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heng Pan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Louis C Doré
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Abhijit Shukla
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qing V Li
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bobbie Pelham-Webb
- Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences at Cornell University/The Rockefeller University/Sloan Kettering Institute Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY, USA
| | - Virginia Teijeiro
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Federico González
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrei Krivtsov
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chan-Jung Chang
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eirini P Papapetrou
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Danwei Huangfu
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA.
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Chang CJ, Gu J, Robertsen B. Protective effect and antibody response of DNA vaccine against salmonid alphavirus 3 (SAV3) in Atlantic salmon. J Fish Dis 2017; 40:1775-1781. [PMID: 28493514 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the effect of two DNA vaccines against salmonid alphavirus 3 (SAV3) in Atlantic salmon. Presmolts were vaccinated by intramuscular injection of plasmids encoding the SAV3 structural polyprotein C-E3-E2-6K-E2 (pCSP), E2 only (pE2), or plasmid without insert (pcDNA3.3). E2 is expressed at the surface of cells transfected with pCSP and internally in cells transfected with pE2. A commercial vaccine based on inactivated SAV (NCPD) was used for comparison. At 10 weeks post-vaccination, only fish vaccinated with pCSP showed antibody against E2 and virus-neutralizing activity. Vaccinated fish were infected with SAV3 to determine protection by virus quantitation in serum after 7 days and scoring of pathological changes after 21 days. Fish vaccinated with both pCSP and NCPD vaccines showed significant virus reduction in serum, while fish vaccinated with pE2 did not. All fish vaccinated with pcDNA3.3 and pE2 showed pathological changes in organs typical of PD, 60% of fish vaccinated with NCPD showed PD pathology, while fish vaccinated with pCSP did not show PD pathology. Taken together, DNA vaccination with pCSP provided strong protection for salmon against SAV3 infection, which in part may be due to production of virus-neutralizing antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Chang
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - J Gu
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Trondheim, Norway
| | - B Robertsen
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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11
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Kotini AG, Chang CJ, Chow A, Yuan H, Ho TC, Wang T, Vora S, Solovyov A, Husser C, Olszewska M, Teruya-Feldstein J, Perumal D, Klimek VM, Spyridonidis A, Rampal RK, Silverman L, Reddy EP, Papaemmanuil E, Parekh S, Greenbaum BD, Leslie CS, Kharas MG, Papapetrou EP. Stage-Specific Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Map the Progression of Myeloid Transformation to Transplantable Leukemia. Cell Stem Cell 2017; 20:315-328.e7. [PMID: 28215825 PMCID: PMC5337161 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid malignancy is increasingly viewed as a disease spectrum, comprising hematopoietic disorders that extend across a phenotypic continuum ranging from clonal hematopoiesis to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we derived a collection of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines capturing a range of disease stages encompassing preleukemia, low-risk MDS, high-risk MDS, and secondary AML. Upon their differentiation, we found hematopoietic phenotypes of graded severity and/or stage specificity that together delineate a phenotypic roadmap of disease progression culminating in serially transplantable leukemia. We also show that disease stage transitions, both reversal and progression, can be modeled in this system using genetic correction or introduction of mutations via CRISPR/Cas9 and that this iPSC-based approach can be used to uncover disease-stage-specific responses to drugs. Our study therefore provides insight into the cellular events demarcating the initiation and progression of myeloid transformation and a new platform for testing genetic and pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriana G Kotini
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Chan-Jung Chang
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Arthur Chow
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Han Yuan
- Computational Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tzu-Chieh Ho
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tiansu Wang
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Shailee Vora
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alexander Solovyov
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Chrystel Husser
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Malgorzata Olszewska
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Julie Teruya-Feldstein
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Deepak Perumal
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Virginia M Klimek
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Raajit K Rampal
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lewis Silverman
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - E Premkumar Reddy
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elli Papaemmanuil
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Samir Parekh
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Benjamin D Greenbaum
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Christina S Leslie
- Computational Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael G Kharas
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Eirini P Papapetrou
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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12
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Huang PH, Shih BF, Tsai YF, Chung PCH, Liu FC, Yu HP, Lee WC, Chang CJ, Lin CC. Accuracy and Trending of Continuous Noninvasive Hemoglobin Monitoring in Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:1067-70. [PMID: 27320558 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.12.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shift in large fluid volumes and massive blood loss during liver transplantation frequently leads to rapid changes in hemoglobin (Hb) concentration; thus, to ensure adequate tissue oxygenation, accurate and rapid determination of Hb concentration is essential in transplant recipients. The Radical-7 Pulse CO-Oximeter provides a noninvasive and continuous way to monitor Hb concentration (SpHb) in real time and is an ideal candidate for use during liver transplantation. In this study, we assessed the relationship between SpHb and total Hb (tHb) obtained from arterial blood samples during surgery. METHODS Forty patients undergoing liver transplantation were enrolled in this study. tHb and time-matched SpHb were measured at 5 different phases throughout surgery. Paired SpHb and tHb levels were assessed using linear regression, Bland-Altman analysis, and the Critchley polar plot method. RESULTS A total of 161 paired measurements with sufficient signal quality were analyzed. The correlation between SpHb and tHb was 0.59 (P < .001). Bland-Altman analysis revealed that a bias between SpHb and tHb was 2.28 g/dL, and limits of agreement (LoA) were from -0.78 to 5.34 g/dL. Trending analysis showed that 87% of data were located within the acceptable trending area, indicating that the trending ability was not satisfied. CONCLUSIONS The Radical-7 Pulse CO-Oximeter was not sufficient to monitor Hb levels and trends during liver transplantation surgery in our cohort. In particular, in critical patients and in those with low Hb levels, invasive Hb measurement should be used for assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - B F Shih
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Y-F Tsai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - P C H Chung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - F C Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - H P Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - W C Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - C J Chang
- Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Biostatistical Center for Clinical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - C C Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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13
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Sun JM, Chen YH, Chang CJ, Hsieh CT. Beware Neck Pain in a Haemodialysis Patient: Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Haematoma. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791702400108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma is a rare and devastating disorder. To the best of our knowledge, only 4 haemodialysis patients with the diagnosis of spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma have been reported in the literature. Here, we reported a 70-year-old male haemodialysis patient who presented with a sudden onset of severe sharp neck pain. Spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma with cord compression from C2 to C6 was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. After emergency surgery, the patient recovered completely from the profound neurological deficits. The relevant literatures were also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- JM Sun
- Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chia-Yi; and Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Taiwan
| | - YH Chen
- Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chia-Yi; and Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Taiwan
| | - CJ Chang
- Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery; and Fu Jen Catholic University, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - CT Hsieh
- Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery; and Fu Jen Catholic University, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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14
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Chiang JM, Chang CJ, Jiang SF, Yeh CY, You JF, Hsieh PS, Huang HY. Pre-operative serum albumin level substantially predicts post-operative morbidity and mortality among patients with colorectal cancer who undergo elective colectomy. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2015; 26. [PMID: 26526411 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The quantitative relationship between serum albumin level and surgical outcomes has not been clearly established. This study included 3732 patients with colon cancer who underwent a potentially curative colectomy. Post-operative mortality and morbidity were analysed according to the patients' demographic data, pre-operative comorbidities, and tumour-related factors. Age, asthma, renal impairment, and albumin level were significantly associated with post-operative morbidity and mortality in the multivariate analyses. Logistic regression analysis revealed linear relationships of post-operative morbidity and mortality with albumin level. The morbidity and mortality rates decreased by 7.3% and 15.6%, respectively, for each 0.1 g/dL increase in albumin level. This finding remained significant in the hypoalbuminaemia subgroup but not in the normoalbuminaemia subgroup. That is, the morbidity and mortality rates significantly decreased by 8.7% and 17.7%, respectively (both P < 0.001), in the former group and decreased by 2.7% (P = 0.112) and 11.6% (P = 0.092), respectively, in the latter group. This study demonstrated that serum albumin level linearly predicted the post-operative morbidity and mortality among the colorectal cancer patients. Pre-operative serum albumin level may therefore be used as a continuous rather than a categorical marker of disease severity, especially among patients with hypoalbuminaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Chiang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - C J Chang
- Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - S F Jiang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - C Y Yeh
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - J F You
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - P S Hsieh
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - H Y Huang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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15
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Kotini AG, Chang CJ, Boussaad I, Delrow JJ, Dolezal EK, Nagulapally AB, Perna F, Fishbein GA, Klimek VM, Hawkins RD, Huangfu D, Murry CE, Graubert T, Nimer SD, Papapetrou EP. Functional analysis of a chromosomal deletion associated with myelodysplastic syndromes using isogenic human induced pluripotent stem cells. Nat Biotechnol 2015; 33:646-55. [PMID: 25798938 PMCID: PMC4464949 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.3178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal deletions associated with human diseases, such as cancer are common, but synteny issues complicate modeling of these deletions in mice. We use cellular reprogramming and genome engineering to functionally dissect the loss of chromosome 7q [del(7q)], a somatic cytogenetic abnormality present in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). We derive del(7q)- and isogenic karyotypically normal induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from hematopoietic cells of MDS patients and show that the del(7q) iPSCs recapitulate disease-associated phenotypes, including impaired hematopoietic differentiation. These disease phenotypes are rescued by spontaneous dosage correction and can be reproduced in karyotypically normal cells by engineering hemizygosity of defined chr7q segments, in a 20 Mb region. We use a phenotype-rescue screen to identify candidate haploinsufficient genes that might mediate the del(7q)- hematopoietic defect. Our approach highlights the utility of human iPSCs both for functional mapping of disease-associated large-scale chromosomal deletions and for discovery of haploinsufficient genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriana G Kotini
- 1] Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. [2] The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. [3] The Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chan-Jung Chang
- 1] Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. [2] The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. [3] The Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ibrahim Boussaad
- 1] Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [2] Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Delrow
- Genomics Resource, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Emily K Dolezal
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Abhinav B Nagulapally
- 1] Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [2] Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Fabiana Perna
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gregory A Fishbein
- 1] Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [2] Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Virginia M Klimek
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - R David Hawkins
- 1] Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [2] Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Danwei Huangfu
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Charles E Murry
- 1] Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [2] Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [3] Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [4] Department of Bioengineering University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [5] Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Timothy Graubert
- MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephen D Nimer
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Eirini P Papapetrou
- 1] Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. [2] The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. [3] The Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. [4] Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [5] Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [6] Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [7] Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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16
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Li CY, Chang CJ, Chu PH, Fann CSJ. The Effect Of Atriala Fibrillation In Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients In Taiwan. Value Health 2014; 17:A473. [PMID: 27201361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Y Li
- Chang Gung University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C J Chang
- Chang Gung University, Kwei Shan, Tao Yuan, Taiwan
| | - P H Chu
- Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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17
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Wen YW, Wu H, C S J F, Chang CJ. Using Transmission Dynamic Model to Determine Vaccination Coverage Rate Based on Economic Burden of Infectious Disease: An Example of Pneumococcus Vaccine. Value Health 2014; 17:A729. [PMID: 27202603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y W Wen
- Chang Gung University, Kwei Shan, Tao Yuan, Taiwan
| | - H Wu
- Chang Gung University, Kwei Shan, Tao Yuan, Taiwan
| | | | - C J Chang
- Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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18
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Chang CJ, Chu PH, Fann CSJ. Cost Effectiveness Of Ivabradine In Chronic Heart Failure Patients With Heart Rate Above Bpm In Taiwan. Value Health 2014; 17:A488. [PMID: 27201442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C J Chang
- Chang Gung University, Kwei Shan, Tao Yuan, Taiwan
| | - P H Chu
- Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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19
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Cheng JS, Ku HP, Chang CJ. Patterns and Predictors of Hospital Readmission in Taiwan. Value Health 2014; 17:A424. [PMID: 27201084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J S Cheng
- Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - H P Ku
- Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - C J Chang
- Chang Gung University, Kwei Shan, Tao Yuan, Taiwan
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20
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McIver SC, Kang YA, DeVilbiss AW, O'Driscoll CA, Ouellette JN, Pope NJ, Camprecios G, Chang CJ, Yang D, Bouhassira EE, Ghaffari S, Bresnick EH. The exosome complex establishes a barricade to erythroid maturation. Blood 2014; 124:2285-97. [PMID: 25115889 PMCID: PMC4183988 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-04-571083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex genetic networks control hematopoietic stem cell differentiation into progenitors that give rise to billions of erythrocytes daily. Previously, we described a role for the master regulator of erythropoiesis, GATA-1, in inducing genes encoding components of the autophagy machinery. In this context, the Forkhead transcription factor, Foxo3, amplified GATA-1-mediated transcriptional activation. To determine the scope of the GATA-1/Foxo3 cooperativity, and to develop functional insights, we analyzed the GATA-1/Foxo3-dependent transcriptome in erythroid cells. GATA-1/Foxo3 repressed expression of Exosc8, a pivotal component of the exosome complex, which mediates RNA surveillance and epigenetic regulation. Strikingly, downregulating Exosc8, or additional exosome complex components, in primary erythroid precursor cells induced erythroid cell maturation. Our results demonstrate a new mode of controlling erythropoiesis in which multiple components of the exosome complex are endogenous suppressors of the erythroid developmental program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skye C McIver
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison Blood Research Program, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Yoon-A Kang
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison Blood Research Program, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Andrew W DeVilbiss
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison Blood Research Program, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Chelsea A O'Driscoll
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison Blood Research Program, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Jonathan N Ouellette
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison Blood Research Program, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Nathaniel J Pope
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison Blood Research Program, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Genis Camprecios
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Chan-Jung Chang
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY; and
| | - David Yang
- Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI
| | - Eric E Bouhassira
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY; and
| | - Saghi Ghaffari
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Emery H Bresnick
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison Blood Research Program, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
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21
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Hsu SY, Chang CJ, Hsieh CT. Brown-Sequard Syndrome: A Rare Presentation of Spontaneous Cervical Spinal Epidural Haematoma. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791402100202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma is a rare but well-known entity that has been considered a surgical emergency. Brown-Sequard syndrome resulting from spontaneous cervical spinal epidural haematoma is rare. Only 11 cases have been described in the literature. We reported an 85-year-old female who presented with Brown-Sequard syndrome at the right C5 level, and an acute haematoma located from the C3 to C6 level was diagnosed from the series images. Within two weeks after decompressive surgery, the previous neurological deficits had gradually improved. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2014;21:107-111)
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - CT Hsieh
- Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, New Taipei, Taiwan
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Wu JS, Yang YC, Lu FH, Lin TS, Chen JJ, Huang YH, Yeh TL, Chang CJ. Cardiac autonomic function and insulin resistance for the development of hypertension: a six-year epidemiological follow-up study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23:1216-1222. [PMID: 23419733 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To explore the impact of cardiac autonomic function (CAF) and insulin resistance (IR) on incident hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS In 1996, 1638 subjects finished baseline examination, which included anthropometry, blood pressures, CAF, blood biochemistry, plasma insulin, urine examination and electrocardiogram. CAF included standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals or RR intervals (SDNN), low- and high-frequency power spectrum (LF and HF), and LF/HF ratio at supine for 5 min, the RR interval changes during lying-to-standing maneuver, and the ratio between the longest RR interval during expiration and the shortest RR interval during inspiration (E/I ratio). We used homeostasis model assessment to define beta cell function (HOMA-B) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In total, 992 non-hypertensive participants completed the follow-up assessment in 2003 and 959 participants were included for the final analysis. Incident hypertension was determined by blood pressure status at follow-up. In unadjusted model, both square root of HOMA-IR (OR:3.37, 95%CI: 2.10-6.64) and HOMA-B (OR:0.996, 95%CI: 0.992-0.999) were related to incident hypertension. In multivariate model, square root of HOMA-IR (OR:1.97, 95%CI: 1.05-3.70), but not HOMA-B, was associated with incident hypertension. After further adjustment for baseline CAF, the positive relationship between the square root of HOMA-IR and incident hypertension disappeared. In contrast, LF/HF ratio (OR:1.18, 95%CI: 1.01-1.37), HF power (OR:0.98, 95%CI: 0.96-0.999), and E/I ratio (OR:0.71, 95%CI: 0.54-0.95) were each independently associated with incident hypertension after further adjustment for HOMA measures. CONCLUSION Sympathovagal imbalance with an apparently decreased parasympathetic tone is an important predictor of incident hypertension independent of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
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Chang CJ, Tam HP, Ko WJ, Tsai PR. Predicting hospital mortality in adult patients with prolonged stay (>14 days) in surgical intensive care unit. Minerva Anestesiol 2013; 79:843-852. [PMID: 23698544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this paper was to identify the factors at surgical intensive care unit (SICU) admission and during the following SICU course that influence hospital mortality of patients with prolonged SICU stay (>14 days). METHODS This prospectively-planned study enrolled 1661 patients over 16 years old with prolonged SICU stay in a tertiary-care teaching hospital over a 4-year period. Data at SICU admission, physiologic factors on the 14th SICU day and the indications of prolonged ICU stay were collected. A multivariate logistic regression model with a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator technique was adopted to identify factors associated with hospital mortality in prolonged-stay patients at the 14th SICU day. RESULTS Prolonged-stay patients accounted for 9.7% of the total SICU admissions, but consumed 51.7% of total SICU days. The hospital mortality of these patients was 34%. For predicting the hospital mortality in prolonged SICU stay patients, the predictors at ICU admission included gender, longer pre-ICU days, higher Charlson comorbidity index, and not admitted from emergency. Predictors on the 14th SICU day included lower Glasgow coma scale, lower mean arterial pressure, higher dosage of inotropes required, higher serum lactate level, higher serum bilirubin level, lower platelet count, and the use of renal replacement therapy. Among the indications for prolonged SICU stay, predictors included the need for mechanical circulatory support, worsening acute encephalopathy with altered mental status, hemodynamic instability due to bleeding, and sepsis with unstable vital signs. CONCLUSION This validated predictive model reached clinically accurate discriminatory power, and may serve to improve patient care and resource utilization in the SICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Chang
- Department of Education, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Liu KJ, Wang CJ, Chang CJ, Hu HI, Hsu PJ, Wu YC, Bai CH, Sytwu HK, Yen BL. Surface Expression of HLA-G is Involved in Mediating Immunomodulatory Effects of Placenta-Derived Multipotent Cells (PDMCs) towards Natural Killer Lymphocytes. Cell Transplant 2011; 20:1721-30. [DOI: 10.3727/096368911x580590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between maternal natural killer lymphocytes (NKs) and fetal tissues are important in mediating maternal–fetal tolerance. We therefore investigated the interactions of NKs to placenta-derived multipotent cells (PDMCs) isolated from the term human placenta. PDMCs have similar cell surface marker expression as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and additionally express human embryonic stem cell markers SSEA-4 and CD-9. Differentiation into the tri-mesodermal lineages of osteoblastic, adipocytic, and chondrogenic phenotypes can be readily achieved under the appropriate conditions. We found that PDMCs are more resistant to NK-mediated lysis than the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-I null target cell K562, and can suppress NK secretion of interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Moreover, as third-party cells, PDMCs suppressed the cytotoxic effects of cytokine-stimulated NKs on K562. Pretreatment of PDMCs with IFN-γ, a proinflammatory cytokine, surprisingly enhanced such immunosuppressive effects. Cell–cell contact between NKs and PDMCs is required for suppressive effects, which are partially mediated by slight upregulation of the NK inhibitory receptor killer inhibitory receptor and downregulation of the activating receptor NKp30. Moreover, enhancement of PDMC suppressive effects is also mediated by IFN-γ-induced surface expression of HLA-G—an immunomodulatory nonclassical MHC class I molecule—on PDMCs, as seen by partial reversibility with HLA-G neutralizing antibodies. With its broad immunosuppressive properties, PDMCs may represent a potential cell source for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Jiunn Liu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University (TMU), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jen Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Jung Chang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-I Hu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ju Hsu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Wu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chyi-Huey Bai
- Central Laboratory, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital and School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University (TMU), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Kang Sytwu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - B. Linju Yen
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Aging, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Cathay General Hospital Shiji, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hsu CC, Hwang SJ, Tai TY, Chen T, Huang MC, Shin SJ, Wen CP, Shih YT, Yang HJ, Chang CT, Chang CJ, Loh CH, Fuh MT, Li YS, Chang HY. Cigarette smoking and proteinuria in Taiwanese men with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 2010; 27:295-302. [PMID: 20536492 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.02947.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cigarette smoking is a well-known risk factor associated with diabetic nephropathy. The objective of this study was to further investigate the dose-response effect of tobacco exposure on proteinuria in males with Type 2 diabetes. METHODS Five hundred and nine males with Type 2 diabetes were selected from a cohort participating in a glucose control study in Taiwan. Pack-years of cigarette smoking were calculated to define tobacco exposure. Proteinuria was identified if albumin-to-creatinine ratio was > or = 30 mg/g in at least two of three consecutive urine tests. Logistic regression and trend tests were used to delineate the association between smoking status and proteinuria. RESULTS Compared with non-smokers, those who had smoked 15-30 or more than 30 pack-years were respectively 2.78 (95% CI 1.34-5.76, P < 0.01) and 3.20 (95% CI 1.74-5.86, P < 0.001) times more likely to develop proteinuria. The dose-response effect of tobacco exposure on the development of proteinuria is highly significant in all subjects (P = 0.001) and in subgroups with relatively short duration of diabetes mellitus (P < 0.001), good blood pressure control (P = 0.001) and those of young age (P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS The current study shows a clear dose-response effect of cigarette smoking on development of proteinuria in male Type 2 diabetic patients. These findings reinforce the urgent need to encourage diabetic patients to stop smoking regardless of age, duration of diabetes mellitus or status of blood pressure control.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Hsu
- Division of Health Policy Research and Development, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
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Weng MH, Chang CJ, Chen WY, Chou WK, Peh HC, Huang MC, Chen MT, Nagahata H. Contribution of somatic cell-associated activation of plasminogen to caseinolysis within the goat mammary gland. J Dairy Sci 2006; 89:2025-37. [PMID: 16702266 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72270-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Functional regression of the mammary gland is partly reflected by proteolysis of milk protein and tissue protein. The involvement of the plasminogen activation system in degradation of milk protein and mammary tissue damage has been demonstrated under inflammatory conditions. In this study, mammary secretion from 23 dairy goats primarily grouped as lactation (milking twice daily) or involution (milking once daily or less) was used to determine the ratio of gravity-precipitated casein to total milk protein (casein ratio) as an index of caseinolysis, and activities of components of plasminogen activation system as well as their expressions on somatic cells. Based on the casein ratio, lactation goats were subcategorized as very active (71.8 +/- 1.0%) or less active (29.9 +/- 1.0%) in mammary function; involution goats were subcategorized as gradual (21.7 +/- 1.0%) or acute (5.9 +/- 0.2%) involution. This result suggests that caseinolysis occurred during regular lactation as well as during involution. On the other hand, activities of components of the plasminogen activation system in mammary secretion were increased along with the decreasing casein ratio, in contrast to the similar activities of their counterparts in circulation throughout various mammary statuses. Correlation analysis between casein ratio and activities of plasminogen activation system of goat milk indicated a significant negative relationship for plasmin (r = -0.64), plasminogen (r = -0.69), and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA; r = -0.78) during involution but not during lactation. As for the cellular components of plasminogen activation system, there was an increase in immunoreactivity on somatic cells toward both monoclonal antibodies of human uPA and human uPA receptor under involution conditions suggesting their upregulation relative to lactation condition. Collectively, these results suggest that plasminogen activation system within the mammary gland differentially contribute to milk caseinolysis along the various stages of goat lactation. Meanwhile, a somatic cell-mediated local elevation of plasmin activity may be committed to extensive caseinolysis during involution.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Weng
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China, 402
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular mechanisms underlying the mitogenic effect of ferulic acid (FA), an active compound derived from Angelica sinensis, have never been elucidated. It was the aim of this study to investigate the proliferative effect of FA on human breast cancer cell lines and to elucidate its modulation mechanism on HER2 expression in MCF7 line. MATERIALS AND METHODS By using MCF7 (oestrogen receptor-positive; ER+, HER2-low), BT474 (ER+, HER2-high), MDAMB231 (ER-, HER2-low) and SKBR3 (ER-, HER2-high) human breast cancer cell lines as in vitro models, the mitogenic effects of FA were assessed by trypan blue dye exclusion assay and DNA flow cytometry. Ferulic acid-modulated cell signalling and HER2 gene expression were evaluated in MCF7 line by Western blot and real-time RT-PCR analysis. RESULTS Ferulic acid ER-dependently stimulated cell proliferation on MCF7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The HER2 oncogene (one of the prognostic factors of breast cancer) and ESR1 gene (oestrogen receptor-alpha; ERalpha) transcription were markedly up-regulated by FA treatment. Besides, HER2 signalling and its downstream molecules such as AKT and ERK1/2 were involved in FA-modulated ERalpha and cyclin D1 synthesis. Addition of anti-HER2 antibody, trastuzumab, abrogated FA-enhanced proliferative effect on MCF7 cells, indicated a positive feedback control for the action of HER2 in this setting. The fact that the ER antagonist blocked most of the FA-up-regulated HER2 expression, and that trastuzumab down-regulated ERalpha gene expression, suggested a cross-talk between ERalpha and HER2 signalling on MCF7 cells. CONCLUSION The authors' conclude that FA causes human breast cancer cell proliferation by up-regulation of HER2 and ERalpha expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Chang
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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McGowan JP, Shah SS, Small CB, Klein RS, Schnipper SM, Chang CJ, Rosenstreich DL. Relationship of serum immunoglobulin and IgG subclass levels to race, ethnicity and behavioral characteristics in HIV infection. Med Sci Monit 2006; 12:CR11-16. [PMID: 16369464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2005] [Accepted: 10/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine whether demographic and behavioral factors affect immunoglobulin regulation in HIV infection, we studied injection drug users, women, and minority ethnic and racial groups with and without HIV infection. MATERIAL/METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study of ambulatory persons with or at risk for HIV infection was conducted. We enrolled 48 injection drug users (IDUs) and 43 non-IDUs seropositive for HIV and 22 seronegative at-risk individuals in the Bronx, New York City. Sixteen HIV-seronegative, non-IDUs controls were also studied. Total serum immunoglobulin levels, IgG subclasses and lymphocyte phenotypes were measured. RESULTS Serum IgG, IgA, IgG(1) and IgG(3) were increased in all stages of HIV infection controlling for injection drug use, gender, race and age (p0.05). Serum IgM levels were significantly decreased in HIV seropositives compared to HIV seronegatives (p<0.02). Two patterns of serum immunoglobulin level elevation were found in HIV infection: 1) IgG, IgG(1) and IgG(3) levels were elevated in early and advanced HIV infection; 2) IgA, IgG(2) and IgG(4) levels were elevated only in advanced HIV infection. IgG levels were increased in Blacks compared to Caucasians with HIV infection (p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS Serum IgG, IgG(1) and IgG(3) levels are increased in early HIV infection, while serum IgA, IgG(2), and IgG(3) levels are increased only in advanced HIV infection. In contrast, serum IgM levels are decreased in HIV infection. HIV-seropositive Blacks have higher serum IgG levels than HIV-seropositive Caucasians. Further studies are necessary to determine the mechanism(s) underlying the different patterns of immunoglobulin elevation in HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P McGowan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, U.S.A.
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Henneberger TSM, Stevenson KL, Britton KO, Chang CJ. Distribution of Xylella fastidiosa in Sycamore Associated with Low Temperature and Host Resistance. Plant Dis 2004; 88:951-958. [PMID: 30812247 DOI: 10.1094/pdis.2004.88.9.951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Experiments were conducted in the field and laboratory to determine effects of low temperatures on Xylella fastidiosa populations in American sycamore. Roots and shoots from naturally infected trees at two locations were collected monthly. Sap extracted from the samples was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for presence of X. fastidosa and was diluted and plated on periwinkle wilt medium to determine populations of viable bacteria. Cumulative rainfall and hours below temperature thresholds (-5 to 10°C) were recorded at each site. Bacterial populations in shoots were negatively correlated with cumulative hours below -5°C air temperature (r= -0.96). In roots, bacterial populations were only weakly correlated with cumulative hours below soil temperature thresholds (-0.61 < r <-0.25). Bacterial populations were not correlated with monthly rainfall. In the laboratory, resistant and susceptible sycamore trees were inoculated with X. fastidiosa and held in the dark at 5°C or 22°C. After 12 weeks, inoculated stem sections were collected and sap was extracted and tested as described previously. Stems that tested positive for X. fastidiosa were divided into additional samples and tested as described above. Results of the laboratory study indicated no significant effects of low-temperature treatment (5°C) or host resistance on viable bacteria. Bacterial detection frequency and population size were greatest near the inoculation point and the primary direction of early bacterial spread was acropetal.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S M Henneberger
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-7274
| | - K L Stevenson
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-7274
| | - K O Britton
- United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Southern Research Station, Athens, GA 30602-2044
| | - C J Chang
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Georgia Experiment Station, Griffin 30223-1797
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Chao Y, Yeh KH, Chang CJ, Chen LT, Chao TY, Wu MF, Chang CS, Chang JY, Chung CY, Kao WY, Hsieh RK, Cheng AL. Phase II study of weekly oxaliplatin and 24-h infusion of high-dose 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2004; 91:453-8. [PMID: 15226770 PMCID: PMC2409850 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the efficacy and safety of combining weekly oxaliplatin with weekly 24-h infusion of high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid (FA) in treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer. Patients with histologically confirmed, locally advanced or recurrent/metastatic gastric cancer were studied. Oxaliplatin 65 mg m−2 2-h intravenous infusion, and 5-FU 2600 mg m−2 plus FA 300 mg m−2 24-h intravenous infusion, were given on days 1 and 8, repeated every 3 weeks. Between January 2001 through January 2002, 55 patients were enrolled. The median age was 64 years (range: 22–75). In all, 52 patients (94.5%) had recurrent or metastatic disease and three patients had locally advanced disease. Among 50 patients evaluable for tumour response, 28 patients achieved partial response, with an overall response rate of 56% (95% confidence interval (CI): 41.8–70.3%). All 55 patients were evaluated for survival and toxicities. Median time to progression and overall survival were 5.2 and 10.0 months, respectively, during median follow-up time of 24.0 months. Major grades 3–4 toxicities were neutropenia in 23 cycles (7.1%) and thrombocytopenia in 16 cycles (5.0%). Treatment was discontinued for treatment-related toxicities in nine patients (16.4%), of whom eight were due to oxaliplatin-related neurotoxicity. One patient (1.8%) died of neutropenic sepsis. This oxaliplatin-containing regimen is effective in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Except for neurotoxicity that often develops after prolonged use of oxaliplatin, the regimen is well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chao
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - K H Yeh
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C J Chang
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L T Chen
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T Y Chao
- Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M F Wu
- Chung Shan Medical and Dental College Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C S Chang
- Changhua Christian Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J Y Chang
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C Y Chung
- Changhua Christian Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W Y Kao
- Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - R K Hsieh
- Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - A L Cheng
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan. E-mail:
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Abstract
A highly specific and sensitive method is described for determining taxol, cephalomannine, and baccatin III in crude plant extracts. Radical anions of the taxanes are formed by desorption chemical ionization, and a parent tandem mass spectrometric scan is used to recognize these compounds by their characteristic dissociations. The limit of detection of the individual taxanes in typical plant matrices is less than 500 pg when all three species are screened simultaneously. Because of the sensitivity of the method, extraction times can be shortened to 30 min and crude extracts can be examined at the rate of 6/h. Detection of all three taxanes extracted from a single Taxus cuspidata needle in a combined extraction/analysis time of less than 1 h is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Hoke
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393
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Abstract
When analyzing complex traits such as asthma, heterogeneity needs to be assumed. With this in mind, to identify a more homogeneous group of asthmatic patients, we analyzed the Southampton data using the data mining technique known as the regression tree method and the two most inheritable quantitative phenotypes (LnIgE and RAST) as the target variables. Two-point and multipoint nonparametric linkage analyses were carried out using one of the subgroups as affected. In addition, we performed quantitative trait loci nonparametric linkage analysis using each phenotype as the outcome. The results from the affected-sibpairs method and quantitative linkage analysis were compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Chang
- Department of Clinical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Yang CH, Tsai CM, Wang LS, Lee YC, Chang CJ, Lui LT, Yen SH, Hsu C, Cheng AL, Liu MY, Chiang SC, Chen YM, Luh KT, Huang MH, Yang PC, Perng RP. Gemcitabine and cisplatin in a multimodality treatment for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2002; 86:190-5. [PMID: 11870504 PMCID: PMC2375194 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2001] [Revised: 10/10/2001] [Accepted: 10/31/2001] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of new cytotoxic agents like gemcitabine has not yet been proven in the neoadjuvant settings. We designed a phase II study to test the feasibility of using gemcitabine and cisplatin before local treatment for stage III non-small cell lung cancer patients. Patients received three cycles of induction chemotherapy of gemcitabine (1000 mg m(-2), days 1, 8, 15) and cisplatin (90 mg m(-2), day 15) every 4 weeks before evaluation for operability. Operable patients underwent radical resection. Inoperable patients and patients who had incomplete resection received concurrent chemoradiotherapy with daily low dose cisplatin. All patients who did not progress after local treatment received three more cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy of gemcitabine and cisplatin. Fifty-two patients received induction treatment. Two patients had complete response and 31 patients had partial response (response rate 63.5%) after induction chemotherapy. Thirty-six patients (69%) were operable. Eighteen patients (35%) had their tumours completely resected. Two patients had pathological complete response. Median overall survival was 19.1 months, projected 1-year survival was 66% and 2-year survival was 34%. Three cycles of gemcitabine and cisplatin is effective and can be used as induction treatment before surgery for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Yang
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan 10016
| | - C M Tsai
- Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Sec 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, Taiwan 11217
- School of Medicine, National Yang–Ming University, Taiwan
| | - L S Wang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Sec 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, Taiwan 11217
- School of Medicine, National Yang–Ming University, Taiwan
| | - Y C Lee
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan 10016
| | - C J Chang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan 10016
| | - L T Lui
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan 10016
| | - S H Yen
- Cancer Treatment Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Sec 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 11217
- School of Medicine, National Yang–Ming University, Taiwan
| | - C Hsu
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan 10016
| | - A L Cheng
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan 10016
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan 10016
| | - M Y Liu
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan 10016
| | - S C Chiang
- Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Sec 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, Taiwan 11217
| | - Y M Chen
- Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Sec 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, Taiwan 11217
- School of Medicine, National Yang–Ming University, Taiwan
| | - K T Luh
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan 10016
| | - M H Huang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Sec 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, Taiwan 11217
- School of Medicine, National Yang–Ming University, Taiwan
| | - P-C Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan 10016
| | - R-P Perng
- Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Sec 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, Taiwan 11217
- School of Medicine, National Yang–Ming University, Taiwan
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Abstract
Traditionally, isolation, maintenance, and testing of Spiroplasma species (Mollicutes: Entomoplasmatales) from horse flies (Tabanus spp.) and deer flies (Chrysops spp.) (Diptera: Tabanidae) have been accomplished in the complex M1D medium. A relatively inexpensive, simplified medium for tabanid spiroplasmas could expedite procedures that require large quantities of growth medium. Nine strains of spiroplasmas, eight from tabanids and one from mosquitoes, were cultured in three simplified broth media, R2, R8-1, and C-3G, and in M1D. There was no significant difference in the rate of spiroplasma growth in M1D and the three simplified media. R2 medium supported the growth of tabanid spiroplasmas more consistently and with better morphology through 10 subcultures than did the other simplified media. Primary isolations were made in R2 medium from tabanids collected (i) in Georgia, U.S.A., with 10 isolations from 10 flies and (ii) in coastal Costa Rica, with isolation rates of 70% (28/40) and 73% (27/37), respectively, for R2 and M1D. Of the seven group VIII field isolates from Costa Rica, four were capable of sustained growth in R2, and three were triply cloned in this simplified medium. These results suggest that the simplified medium R2 is suitable for many procedures with tabanid spiroplasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah W Moulder
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro 30460-8042, USA
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35
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Abstract
The method of truncated singular value decomposition (SVD) is proposed for electrocardiogram (ECG) data compression. The signal decomposition capability of SVD is exploited to extract the significant feature components of the ECG by decomposing the ECG into a set of basic patterns with associated scaling factors. The signal informations are mostly concentrated within a certain number of singular values with related singular vectors due to the strong interbeat correlation among ECG cycles. Therefore, only the relevant parts of the singular triplets need to be retained as the compressed data for retrieving the original signals. The insignificant overhead can be truncated to eliminate the redundancy of ECG data compression. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Beth Israel Hospital arrhythmia database was applied to evaluate the compression performance and recoverability in the retrieved ECG signals. The approximate achievement was presented with an average data rate of 143.2 b/s with a relatively low reconstructed error. These results showed that truncated SVD method can provide an efficient coding with high-compression ratios. The computational efficiency of the SVD method in comparing with other techniques demonstrated the method as an effective technique for ECG data storage or signals transmission. Index Terms-Data compression, electrocardiogram, feature extraction, quasi-periodic signal, singular value decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Wei
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC.
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36
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Abstract
The effect of tramadol on the plasma glucose level of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats was investigated. A dose-dependent lowering of plasma glucose was seen in the fasting STZ-induced diabetic rats 30 min after intravenous injection of tramadol. This effect of tramadol was abolished by pretreatment with naloxone or naloxonazine at doses sufficient to block opioid mu-receptors. However, response to tramadol was not changed in STZ-induced diabetic rats receiving p-chlorophenylalanine at a dose sufficient to deplete endogenous 5-hydroxytrptamine (5-HT). Therefore, mediation of 5-HT in this action of tramadol is ruled out. In isolated soleus muscle, tramadol enhanced the uptake of radioactive glucose in a concentration-dependent manner. The stimulatory effects of tramadol on glycogen synthesis were also seen in hepatocytes isolated from STZ-induced diabetic rats. The blockade of these actions by naloxone and naloxonazine indicated the mediation of opioid mu-receptors. The mRNA and protein levels of the subtype 4 form of glucose transporter in soleus muscle were increased after repeated treatments for 4 days with tramadol in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Moreover, similar repeated treatments with tramadol reversed the elevated mRNA and protein levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in the liver of STZ-induced diabetic rats. These results suggest that activation of opioid mu-receptors by tramadol can increase the utilization of glucose and/or decrease hepatic gluconeogenesis to lower plasma glucose in diabetic rats lacking insulin.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Gluconeogenesis
- Glucose/metabolism
- Glucose Transporter Type 4
- Glycogen/biosynthesis
- Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Injections, Intravenous
- Kinetics
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/enzymology
- Male
- Monosaccharide Transport Proteins/analysis
- Monosaccharide Transport Proteins/genetics
- Muscle Proteins
- Muscle, Skeletal/chemistry
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Naloxone/analogs & derivatives
- Naloxone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Narcotics/administration & dosage
- Narcotics/pharmacology
- Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP)/chemistry
- Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP)/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/physiology
- Tramadol/administration & dosage
- Tramadol/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.
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37
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Chueh SC, Liao CH, Chang CJ, Lai MK. Feasibility of changing therapeutic cyclosporine monitoring from C(0) to C(2) in stable renal recipients: narrower coefficient of variation with C(2) monitoring. Transplant Proc 2001; 33:3100-1. [PMID: 11750332 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(01)02321-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S C Chueh
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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38
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Arnsten JH, Demas PA, Farzadegan H, Grant RW, Gourevitch MN, Chang CJ, Buono D, Eckholdt H, Howard AA, Schoenbaum EE. Antiretroviral therapy adherence and viral suppression in HIV-infected drug users: comparison of self-report and electronic monitoring. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 33:1417-23. [PMID: 11550118 PMCID: PMC2692641 DOI: 10.1086/323201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 464] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2000] [Revised: 04/30/2001] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
To compare electronically monitored (MEMS) with self-reported adherence in drug users, including the impact of adherence on HIV load, we conducted a 6-month observational study of 67 antiretroviral-experienced current and former drug users. Adherence (percentage of doses taken as prescribed) was calculated for both the day and the week preceding each of 6 research visits. Mean self-reported 1-day adherence was 79% (median, 86%), and mean self-reported 1-week adherence was 78% (median, 85%). Mean MEMS 1-day adherence was 57% (median, 52%), and mean MEMS 1-week adherence was 53% (median, 49%). One-day and 1-week estimates were highly correlated (r>.8 for both measures). Both self-reported and MEMS adherence were correlated with concurrent HIV load (r=.43-.60), but the likelihood of achieving virologic suppression was greater if MEMS adherence was high than if self-reported adherence was high. We conclude that self-reported adherence is higher than MEMS adherence, but a strong relationship exists between both measures and virus load. However, electronic monitoring is more sensitive than self-report for the detection of nonadherence and should be used in adherence intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Arnsten
- AIDS Research Program, Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10467, USA.
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39
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Abstract
A bioactivity-directed fractionation of the ethanolic extracts of Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Fabaceae) afforded robinlin (1), a novel homo-monoterpene. The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectral analyses of the parent compound as well as its derivatives; 1 showed strong bioactivity in the brine shrimp lethality test (BST).
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences, School of Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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40
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Zhao LX, Kim TS, Ahn SH, Kim TH, Kim EK, Cho WJ, Choi H, Lee CS, Kim JA, Jeong TC, Chang CJ, Lee ES. Synthesis, topoisomerase I inhibition and antitumor cytotoxicity of 2,2':6',2"-, 2,2':6',3"- and 2,2':6',4"-terpyridine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:2659-62. [PMID: 11551772 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00531-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
For the development of new anticancer agents, 2,2':6',2"-, 2,2':6',3"- and 2,2':6',4"-terpyridine derivatives were designed and evaluated for their topoisomerase I inhibitory activity and antitumor cytotoxicity. Structure-activity relationship studies indicated that 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine derivatives were highly cytotoxic toward several human tumor cell lines, whereas 2,2':6',3"- and 2,2':6',4"-terpyridine derivatives were potent topoisomerase I inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L X Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Kyongsan 712-749, South Korea
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41
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Abstract
Vascular anomalies remain a challenge for both patients and plastic surgeons. Recently, promising results have been reported using intralesional photocoagulation (ILP) to treat extensive vascular lesions. At the authors' center, they have treated more than 300 patients with vascular anomalies in different parts of the body between 1996 and 1999. They describe their operative techniques of ILP. Laser pulses of a 1,064-nm wavelength from the Nd:YAG laser were delivered to the target tissues with a 600-microm optical fiber. They report 2 patients who developed complications after a single session of ILP therapy for their extensive vascular malformations. The first patient had Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (capillary-lymphaticovenous malformations) with widespread involvement of her buttocks and left lower limb. She had severe leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and hyperkalemia that resolved with intravenous hydration, antibiotics, and sodium bicarbonate. In their second patient, the entire left upper limb was affected. Her total red cell count diminished by a quarter and her hemoglobin concentration dropped by more than 3 g%. This was corrected gradually with supplemental oral hematinics. Although these complications resolved uneventfully in their patients, they hope that their possible development will caution anyone who may wish to attempt this new method of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Fisher
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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42
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Chang CJ, Luh HW, Wang SH, Lin HJ, Lee SC, Hu ST. The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) interacts with dengue virus core protein. DNA Cell Biol 2001; 20:569-77. [PMID: 11747608 DOI: 10.1089/104454901317094981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K), a component of hnRNP particles, is involved in several steps of gene expression regulation. Dengue (DEN) virus, a member of the Flaviviridae, is the primary cause of illnesses such as dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. In mature DEN virus particles, the core protein is a structural protein that forms a nucleocapsid complex with genomic RNA. Very little of its biologic functions is known. Here, using an in vitro binding assay and coimmunoprecipitation analysis, we report a protein-protein interaction between the DEN virus core protein and hnRNP K. The C-terminal hydrophilic region of the DEN virus core protein, spanning amino acid residues 73 to 100, is required for such interaction. Results of glutathione-S transferase binding assays indicated that the core protein-hnRNP K interaction might be abolished in the presence of hnRNP K cognate nucleic acids. Furthermore, in a cotransfection experiment, the repressive effect of hnRNP K on C/EBPbeta-mediated transcription activation could be reversed by full-length DEN virus core protein but not by a truncated form containing amino acids 1-72. Our results suggest that, on DEN virus infection, the multiple functions of cellular hnRNP K may be affected by the virus core protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Chang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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43
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Abstract
The changes of vitreous pH values under acute glaucoma status have never been reported. In this study, we measured the changes of vitreous pH values in an acute glaucoma rabbit model. Under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia, the anterior chamber of the right eye of New Zealand white rabbits was cannulated and connected to a polygraph for continuous intraocular pressure (IOP) monitoring and a mini-pump for persistent injection of viscoelastic substance, Healon GV. The measurement of vitreous pH was done by inserting a pH probe via a third opening through the sclera into the vitreous. Different IOP levels were maintained by varied amounts of Healon GV injections into the anterior chamber. The changes of vitreous pH values following the intracameral injections were recorded and evaluated. The changes of vitreous pH values were minimal when IOPs were maintained at lower than 35 mmHg. Vitreous pH values decreased significantly from 7.32 to less than 7.03, when the IOPs were kept at 70 mmHg or higher. However, the decrease of pH values was reversible if IOP was held at 70 mmHg for less than 10 minutes and then reduced to normal level at once. In addition, with MTT viability assay, it was noted that the decrease in vitreous pH was associated with a higher percentage of retinal cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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44
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Huang PS, Chang CJ. Cryogen spray cooling in conjunction with pulse dye laser treatment of port wine stains of the head and neck. Chang Gung Med J 2001; 24:469-75. [PMID: 11601188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When a cryogen spurt is applied to the skin surface for an appropriately short period of time, the spatial distribution of cooling remains localized in the normal overlying epidermis, while leaving the temperature of deeper port wine stain (PWS) blood vessels unchanged. Furthermore, cooling continues after pulsed laser exposure as cryogen remaining on the surface evaporates and removes heat deposited by light absorption in epidermal melanin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and advantages of cryogen spray cooling plus flashlamp-pumping in conjunction with dye laser treatment (CSC-LT) of PWS. METHODS From 1996 to 2000, a retrospective study was conducted on 63 patients, consisting of 43 women and 20 men, between the ages of 8 and 62 years treated with pulsed dye laser (lambda = 585 nm, tau p = 450 microseconds) over a 4-year period. The duration of cryogen spurts and the delay period between cryogen delivery and laser illumination were controlled. An infrared focal plane array thermodetector measured changes of lesion surface temperature which were recorded. The subject was asked to score discomfort during treatment using a pain scale. The primary efficacy measure was the quantitative assessment of a blanching response score. RESULTS The ambient skin surface temperature of PWS was 33.31 +/- 1.55 degrees C. The mean pain score for uncooled sites was 39.85 +/- 0.23 compared to 20.18 +/- 0.15 for cooled sites. There was a statistically significant difference in pain elimination between cooled and uncooled sites (p = 0.001). The mean blanching response score of CSC-LT was 3.70. A significant blanching response of PWS when receiving CSC-LT was noted. CONCLUSION Our clinical studies demonstrate the feasibility of selective epidermal cooling while achieving photothermolysis of blood vessels during pulsed dye laser treatment of PWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
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45
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Chou NK, Wang SS, Chu SH, Chen YS, Lin YH, Chang CJ, Shyu JJ, Jan GJ. Physiologic analysis of cardiac cycle in an implantable impeller centrifugal left ventricular assist device. Artif Organs 2001; 25:613-6. [PMID: 11531711 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1594.2001.025008613.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the physiologic relationship between the cardiac cycle and the nonpulsatile impeller centrifugal Taita No.1 left ventricular assist device (T-LVAD) in a chronic animal study. The relationship of the cardiac cycle, pump flow, aortic pressure, left ventricle pressure, and pump power were analyzed by 5 phases in 4 stages. The isovolumetric ventricular phase is from mitral valve closure (MVC) to aortic valve opening (AVO) and is called Stage 1. The ejection phase is from AVO to aortic valve closure (AVC) and is called Stage 2. The isovolumetric relaxation phase is from AVC to MVC and is called Stage 3. The passive filling and atrial contraction phase is from MVC to mitral valve opening (MVO) and called Stage 4. Based on evidence from the physiologic volume change of the left ventricle, the change of pump flow of the T-LVAD in a cardiac cycle by variable voltages of pump control was evaluated using animal models. After left posteriolateral thoracotomy via the fifth intercostal space under general anesthesia, the nonpulsatile centrifugal T-LVAD was implanted into 2 healthy calves. The inflow of the T-LVAD was inserted into the left ventricle through the mitral valve via the left atrial appendage. The arterial blood pressure waveform was measured and recorded on the outflow of the T-LVAD. The 4 phases of a cardiac cycle were defined as MVC-AVO (Stage 1), AVO-AVC (Stage 2), AVC-MVO (Stage 3) and MVC-MVO (Stage 4) according to the outflow pressure of the outflow of the T-LVAD and differential pressure between the outflow and inflow of the T-LVAD. We carried out the real-time waveform measurement for electrocardiogram, the outflow pressure, the T-LVAD flow and the speed, as well as open loop and constant voltage (V). In a cardiac cycle, the sensing current of the T-LVAD was inverse to the speed. The flow of the T-LVAD at the 4 stages was measured individually and analyzed with different control voltages from 10 to 18 V. The highest flow ratio of MVC-AVC/AVC-MVC was noted when the T-LVAD worked on 14 V. By using analysis methodology of the flow ratio of a cardiac cycle, the optimal physiologically effective control of the T-LVAD might be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- N K Chou
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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46
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between sexual differences of body fat distribution and cardiovascular dysmetabolic factors in old people is controversial. OBJECTIVES To use centrality index-derived body fat distribution to clarify its relationship with glucose tolerance status, blood pressure and lipid profile. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey in a tertiary-care medical centre in Tainan, Taiwan. SUBJECTS 114 men and 101 women, aged > or = 60 years. METHODS We measured total % body fat and body fat distribution (reflected as centrality index) by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, and plasma glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and atherogenic index (total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol). RESULTS Centrality index showed better linear correlation with cardiovascular dysmetabolic factors than body mass index, total % body fat and waist-to-hip ratio, except in systolic blood pressure. Women had higher total % body fat, but the % abdominal fat and centrality index were both higher in men. Subjects with diabetes mellitus had the highest centrality index compared with those with impaired or normal glucose tolerance. After adjustment for age and total % body fat, men still had higher diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride levels and atherogenic indices, but lower HDL cholesterol levels than women. However, when further adjusted for centrality index, the sex differences in cardiovascular dysmetabolic factors were statistically insignificant. CONCLUSIONS Centrality index is a useful method for assessing body fat distribution in older people. Body fat distribution is an important factor in sex differences of cardiovascular dysmetabolic factors in old people.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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47
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Yao WJ, Wu CH, Wang ST, Chang CJ, Chiu NT, Yu CY. Differential changes in regional bone mineral density in healthy Chinese: age-related and sex-dependent. Calcif Tissue Int 2001; 68:330-6. [PMID: 11685419 DOI: 10.1007/s002230001210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2000] [Accepted: 10/27/2000] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the pattern of age-related and sex-dependent bone mineral density (BMD) changes in the six skeletal regions in healthy Chinese, total-body and regional BMD were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 310 women and 387 men aged 20-80 years. In women, a five-phase change was discernible in the axial bones: (1) gradual bone increase from 20-29 years old to maximal BMD at 35-39 years old; (2) maintenance of this level from 35-39 to 40-44; (3) a mild bone decrease from 40-44 to 45-49; (4) a rapid bone decrease from 45-49 to 55-59; and (5) a decelerated bone decrease after 55-59 years old. After validation of menopause status, the decrease of BMD in the late 40s became insignificant in premenopausal women. In appendicular bones, no obvious peak was observed, and significant bone decrease started at 50-54 years old. The overall bone decrease from 35-39 to 70-80 years old was 19.3% for the total body, 16.4% for the head, 29% for the spine, 23% for the pelvis, 18.2% for the ribs, 23.9% for the arms, and 20.4% for the legs. In men, the maximal bone mass was attained at 30-34 and 35-39 years old for axial and appendicular bones, respectively. The age-related bone decrease in the skeletal regions was small, except from 60-64 to 65-69 years old. The overall bone decrease in each region from maximal bone mass to 70-80 years old was 6.7% for the total body, 1.7% for the head, 7.6% for the spine, 11.3% for the pelvis, 9.5% for the ribs, 7.8% for the arms, and 10.4% for the legs. The overall magnitude of reduction in total-body BMD in women was about three times greater than that in men. The pattern of BMD changes differs in each region and is age-related as well as sex-dependent. There appeared to be no significant premenopausal bone decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Yao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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48
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Hsu TS, Hsu LA, Chang CJ, Sun CF, Ko YL, Kuo CT, Chiang CW, Lee YS. Importance of hyperhomocysteinemia as a risk factor for venous thromboembolism in a Taiwanese population. A case-control study. Thromb Res 2001; 102:387-95. [PMID: 11395124 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(01)00262-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the current status of hyperhomocysteinemia, which is a known risk for venous thrombosis (DVT), in Taiwan. SUBJECTS 101 unselected patients with a minimum of one episode of deep leg DVT, either initial inpatients or current compliant outpatients in a teaching hospital. METHODS Various thrombophilic risks, gene polymorphism and clinical predisposition were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Patients presented higher fast total plasma homocysteine (hcy) levels than age- and sex-matched controls did (14.1 vs. 9.94 microM). Based on the 95th percentile of control values, hyperhomocysteinemia had a four- to nine-fold risk for DVT, irrespective of clinical predisposition, as well as other thrombophilic risks surveyed. Polymorphism of a metabolizing enzyme, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), was not associated with DVT, although homozygous thermolabile mutation tended to have higher plasma hcy levels. Factor V Leiden was absent in analysis of 80 patients. In complete evaluation (hcy, antithrombin (AT), protein S (PS), protein C (PC), lupus anticoagulant (LA), anticardiolipin antibody) of a subset of 83 patients hyperhomocysteinemia was the most prevalent risk (33.7%), with PC or PS deficiencies following (22.9%). Thus, hyperhomocysteinemia is a prominent risk for DVT in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Hsu
- First Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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49
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Abstract
When a cryogen spurt is applied to the skin surface for tens of milliseconds, cooling remains localized in the epidermis, leaving the temperature of deeper hemangioma vessels unchanged. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of noncooled laser treatment (NC-LT) vs. cryogen spray cooling plus laser treatment (CSC-LT) for cutaneous hemangiomas in a large series of patients. A retrospective review was conducted of 164 patients treated with the pulsed dye laser (lambda = 585 nm; taurho = 450 microsec) over an 8-year period. Eighty-two patients received NC-LT using light doses of 5.5 to 8 J per square centimeter. Subsequently, 82 patients received CSC-LT using light doses of 9 to 10 J per square centimeter. The primary efficacy measure was quantitative assessment of improvements in lesional volume, texture, and color. Safety was evaluated for each treatment group by monitoring for adverse effects. Based on chi-squared analysis, there were clinical and significant differences in the number of treatments (p = 0.001), and improvement in volume (p = 0.008) and texture (p = 0.001) of the CSC-LT group compared with the NC-LT group. Permanent adverse effects were not observed in either group. In conclusion, CSC permitted the use of higher incident light doses for treatment of cutaneous hemangiomas, resulting in fewer treatments required and better improvement in lesional volume and texture.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Chang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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50
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Cheng AT, Tien AY, Chang CJ, Brugha TS, Cooper JE, Lee CS, Compton W, Liu CY, Yu WY, Chen HM. Cross-cultural implementation of a Chinese version of the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) in Taiwan. Br J Psychiatry 2001; 178:567-72. [PMID: 11388976 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.178.6.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no published reports of cross-cultural equivalence and interrater reliability at the level of individual symptom items assessed by a semi-structured clinical interview employing operationalised clinician ratings. AIMS To assess the cross-cultural clinical equivalence and reliability of a Chinese version of the World Health Organization Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN). METHOD UK-US and Taiwanese groups of psychiatrists used Chinese and English transcripts of videotape interviews of Taiwanese patients to discuss cross-cultural issues and ratings of SCAN items. Item ratings were compared quantitatively individually and pooled by SCAN section. RESULTS Chinese equivalents were found for all SCAN items. No between-group differences were found for most individual items, but there were differences for some scaled items. Average agreement between the two groups was 69-100%. CONCLUSIONS Cross-cultural implementation based on SCAN in Taiwan appears valid.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Cheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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