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Peng BY, Singh AK, Tsai CY, Chan CH, Deng YH, Wu CM, Chou YR, Tsao W, Wu CY, Deng WP. Platelet-derived biomaterial with hyaluronic acid alleviates temporal-mandibular joint osteoarthritis: clinical trial from dish to human. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:77. [PMID: 37691117 PMCID: PMC10494357 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00962-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioactive materials have now raised considerable attention for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), such as knee OA, rheumatoid OA, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) OA. TMJ-OA is a common disease associated with an imbalance of cartilage regeneration, tissue inflammation, and disability in mouth movement. Recently, biological materials or molecules have been developed for TMJ-OA therapy; however, ideal treatment is still lacking. In this study, we used the combination of a human platelet rich plasma with hyaluronic acid (hPRP/HA) for TMJ-OA therapy to perform a clinical trial in dish to humans. METHOD Herein, hPRP was prepared, and the hPRP/HA combined concentration was optimized by MTT assay. For the clinical trial in dish, pro-inflammatory-induced in-vitro and in-vivo mimic 3D TMJ-OA models were created, and proliferation, gene expression, alcian blue staining, and IHC were used to evaluate chondrocyte regeneration. For the animal studies, complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was used to induce the TMJ-OA rat model, and condyle and disc regeneration were investigated through MRI. For the clinical trial in humans, 12 patients with TMJ-OA who had disc displacement and pain were enrolled. The disc displacement and pain at baseline and six months were measured by MRI, and clinical assessment, respectively. RESULTS Combined hPRP/HA treatment ameliorated the proinflammatory-induced TMJ-OA model and promoted chondrocyte proliferation by activating SOX9, collagen type I/II, and aggrecan. TMJ-OA pathology-related inflammatory factors were efficiently downregulated with hPRP/HA treatment. Moreover, condylar cartilage was regenerated by hPRP/HA treatment in a proinflammatory-induced 3D neocartilage TMJ-OA-like model. During the animal studies, hPRP/HA treatment strongly repaired the condyle and disc in a CFA-induced TMJ-OA rat model. Furthermore, we performed a clinical trial in humans, and the MRI data demonstrated that after 6 months of treatment, hPRP/HA regenerated the condylar cartilage, reduced disc displacement, alleviated pain, and increased the maximum mouth opening (MMO). Overall, clinical trials in dish to human results revealed that hPRP/HA promoted cartilage regeneration, inhibited inflammation, reduced pain, and increased joint function in TMJ-OA. CONCLUSION Conclusively, this study highlighted the therapeutic potential of the hPRP and HA combination for TMJ-OA therapy, with detailed evidence from bench to bedside. Trial registration Taipei Medical University Hospital (TMU-JIRB No. N201711041). Registered 24 November 2017. https://tmujcrc.tmu.edu.tw/inquiry_general.php .
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Affiliation(s)
- Bou-Yue Peng
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Abhinay Kumar Singh
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Tsai
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Chan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Hua Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Wu
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ru Chou
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 110301, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen Tsao
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Wu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan.
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan.
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan.
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, 242062, Taiwan.
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Singh AK, Peng BY, Chien ST, Chan CH, Deng YH, Pai HY, Wei HJ, Wang MF, Wang SH, Wu CY, Deng WP. Anti-aging biomaterial sturgeon chondroitin sulfate upregulating anti-oxidant and SIRT-1/c-fos gene expression to reprogram stem cell senescence and prolong longevity. Biomater Sci 2023. [PMID: 37158091 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01997c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Aging involves tissue and cell potential dysfunction characterized by stem cell senescence and extracellular matrix microenvironment (ECM) alteration. Chondroitin sulfate (CS), found in the ECM of normal cells and tissues, aids in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Here, CS-derived biomaterial (CSDB) from sturgeon is extracted to investigate its antiaging effect in senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 (SAMP8) mice and elucidate the underlying mechanism of its action. Although CSDB has been widely extracted from different sources and used as a scaffold, hydrogel, or drug carrier for the treatment of various pathological diseases, CSDB has not yet been used as a biomaterial for the amelioration of senescence and aging features. In this study, the extracted sturgeon CSDB showed a low molecular weight and comprised 59% 4-sulfated CS and 23% 6-sulfated CS. In an in vitro study, sturgeon CSDB promoted cell proliferation and reduced oxidative stress to inhibit stem cell senescence. In an ex vivo study, after oral CSDB treatment of SAMP8 mice, the stem cells were extracted to analyze the p16Ink4a and p19Arf gene-related pathways, which were inhibited and then SIRT-1 gene expression was upregulated to reprogram stem cells from a senescence state for retarding aging. In an in vivo study, CSDB also restored the aging-phenotype-related bone mineral density and skin morphology to prolong longevity. Thus, sturgeon CSDB may be useful for prolonging healthy longevity as an anti-aging drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinay Kumar Singh
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
| | - Bou-Yue Peng
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Shaw-Ting Chien
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Hao Chan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
| | - Yue-Hua Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiao-Yu Pai
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Jian Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W. 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Ming-Fu Wang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 433303, Taiwan
| | - Shwu-Huey Wang
- Core Facility Center, Department of Research Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11030, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Wu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 242062, Taiwan
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Peng BY, Singh AK, Chan CH, Deng YH, Li PY, Su CW, Wu CY, Deng WP. AGA induces sub-G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human colon cancer cells through p53-independent/p53-dependent pathway. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1. [PMID: 36597025 PMCID: PMC9808967 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10466-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the advancement in chemotherapeutic drugs for colon cancer treatment, it is still a life-threatening disease worldwide due to drug resistance. Therefore, an urgently needed to develop novel drugs for colon cancer therapies. AGA is a combination of traditional Chinese medicine Antler's extract (A), Ganoderma lucidum (G), and Antrodia camphorata (A); it contains a lot of biomolecules like polysaccharides, fatty acids, and triterpenoids that are known to exerting anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-tumor activities in oral cancer. In this study, we investigate AGA anti-proliferative, anti-metastatic and apoptotic activity to explore its anti-cancer activity against colon cancer cells and its underlying mechanism. METHOD Here, in-vitro studies were performed to determine the antiproliferative activity of AGA through MTT and colony formation assays. Wound healing and transwell migration assay were used to evaluate the metastasis. Flow cytometry and protein expression were used to investigate the involved molecular mechanism by evaluating the cell cycle and apoptosis. The in-vivo anti-cancerous activity of AGA was assessed by xenograft mice model of colon cancer cells. RESULTS We found that AGA significantly inhibited the proliferative capacity and metastasis of colon cancer cells in-vitro. In addition, AGA induced cell cycle arrest in the sub-G1 phase through upregulating p21 and downregulating CDK2, CDK6 in SW620, and CDK4 in SW480 and HT29, respectively. Annexin-v assay indicated that colon cancer cells had entered early and late apoptosis after treatment with AGA. Furthermore, a mechanistic protein expressions study revealed that AGA in p53-dependent and independent regulated the apoptosis of colon cancer by downregulating the p53 protein expression in SW620 and SW480 cells but upregulating in a dose-dependent manner in HT29 cells and increasing the expression of Bax and caspase-9 to inhibit the colon cancer cells. In vivo study, we found that AGA significantly reduced the xenograft tumor growth in NOD/SCID mice with no adverse effect on the kidney and liver. CONCLUSION Collectively, AGA has the potential to inhibit colon cancer through inhibiting proliferation, migration, and cell cycle kinase by upregulating p21 protein expression and promoting the apoptotic protein in a p53-dependent and independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bou-Yue Peng
- grid.412897.10000 0004 0639 0994Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Abhinay Kumar Singh
- grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Chan
- grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Hua Deng
- grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Ying Li
- grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Su
- grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Wu
- grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.412897.10000 0004 0639 0994Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 110301 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.256105.50000 0004 1937 1063Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, 242062 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.265231.10000 0004 0532 1428Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, 407224 Taichung, Taiwan
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Chan CH, Deng YH, Peng BY, Chiang PC, Wu LA, Lee YY, Tsao W, Mao HH, Wu CY, Deng WP. Anti-Colorectal Cancer Effects of Fucoidan Complex-Based Functional Beverage Through Retarding Proliferation, Cell Cycle and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Signaling Pathways. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22:15347354231213613. [PMID: 38059303 DOI: 10.1177/15347354231213613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fucus vesiculosus-derived fucoidan, a multifunctional bioactive polysaccharide sourced from marine organisms, exhibits a wide range of therapeutic properties, including its anti-tumor effects. While previous research has reported on its anti-cancer potential, limited studies have explored its synergistic capabilities when combined with other natural bioactive ingredients. In this current study, we present the development of an integrative functional beverage, denoted as VMW-FC, which is composed of a fucoidan complex (FC) along with a blend of various herbal components, including vegetables (V), mulberries and fruits (M), and spelt wheat (W). OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant cause of mortality, particularly in metastatic cases. Therefore, the urgent need for novel alternative medicines that comprehensively inhibit CRC persists. In this investigation, we assess the impact of VMW-FC on CRC cell proliferation, cell cycle dynamics, metastasis, in vivo tumorigenesis, and potential side effects. METHODS Cell growth was assessed using MTT and colony formation assays, while metastatic potential was evaluated through wound healing and transwell migration assays. The underlying signaling mechanisms were elucidated through qPCR and western blot analysis. In vivo tumor formation and potential side effects were evaluated using a subcutaneous tumor-bearing NOD/SCID mouse model. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate that VMW-FC significantly impedes CRC proliferation and migration in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, it induces sub-G1 cell cycle arrest and an increase in apoptotic cell populations, as confirmed through flow-cytometric analysis. Notably, VMW-FC also suppresses xenograft tumor growth in NOD/SCID mice without causing renal or hepatic toxicity. CONCLUSION The integrative herbal concoction VMW-FC presents a promising approach for inhibiting CRC by slowing proliferation and migration, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and suppressing markers associated with proliferation (Ki-67, PCNA, and CDKs) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (Vimentin, N-cadherin, and β-catenin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hao Chan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Hua Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Bou-Yue Peng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Chang Chiang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Dental Department, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116081, Taiwan
| | - Li-An Wu
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yung Lee
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Wen Tsao
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Hsun Mao
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Wu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan
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Lo WC, Chang CC, Chan CH, Singh AK, Deng YH, Lin CY, Tsao W, Chien ST, Lin CH, Deng WP. Platelet-Derived Biomaterials Exert Chondroprotective and Chondroregenerative Effects on Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:1054. [PMID: 34685425 PMCID: PMC8540580 DOI: 10.3390/life11101054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) range from acute to chronic conditions, leading to multiorgan disorders such as nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. However, little is known about the influence of DM on intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Moreover, traditional surgical outcomes in DM patients have been found poor, and to date, no definitive alternative treatment exists for DM-induced IVDD. Recently, among various novel approaches in regenerative medicine, the concentrated platelet-derived biomaterials (PDB), which is comprised of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), etc., have been reported as safe, biocompatible, and efficacious alternatives for various disorders. Therefore, we initially investigated the correlations between DM and IVDD, through establishing in vitro and in vivo DM models, and further evaluated the therapeutic effects of PDB in this comorbid pathology. In vitro model was established by culturing immortalized human nucleus pulposus cells (ihNPs) in high-glucose medium, whereas in vivo DM model was developed by administering streptozotocin, nicotinamide and high-fat diet to the mice. Our results revealed that DM deteriorates both ihNPs and IVD tissues, by elevating reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress, inhibiting chondrogenic markers and disc height. Contrarily, PDB ameliorated IVDD by restoring cellular growth, chondrogenic markers and disc height, possibly through suppressing ROS levels. These data imply that PDB may serve as a potential chondroprotective and chondroregenerative candidate for DM-induced IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Cheng Lo
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan;
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Chan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (A.K.S.); (Y.-H.D.)
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (W.T.); (S.-T.C.)
| | - Abhinay Kumar Singh
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (A.K.S.); (Y.-H.D.)
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (W.T.); (S.-T.C.)
| | - Yue-Hua Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (A.K.S.); (Y.-H.D.)
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (W.T.); (S.-T.C.)
| | - Chia-Ying Lin
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (W.T.); (S.-T.C.)
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Wen Tsao
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (W.T.); (S.-T.C.)
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Shaw-Ting Chien
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (W.T.); (S.-T.C.)
| | - Chang-Hsien Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan;
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (A.K.S.); (Y.-H.D.)
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (W.T.); (S.-T.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan
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Lo WC, Chiou CS, Tsai FC, Chan CH, Mao S, Deng YH, Wu CY, Peng BY, Deng WP. Platelet-Derived Biomaterials Inhibit Nicotine-Induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Through Regulating IGF-1/AKT/IRS-1 Signaling Axis. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:9636897211045319. [PMID: 34586895 PMCID: PMC8485278 DOI: 10.1177/09636897211045319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Apart from aging process, adult intervertebral disc (IVD) undergoes various degenerative processes. However, the nicotine has not been well identified as a contributing etiology. According to a few studies, nicotine ingestion through smoking, air or clothing may significantly accumulate in active as well as passive smokers. Since nicotine has been demonstrated to adversely impact various physiological processes, such as sympathetic nervous system, leading to impaired vasculature and cellular apoptosis, we aimed to investigate whether nicotine could induce IVD degeneration. In particular, we evaluated dose-dependent impact of nicotine in vitro to simulate its chronic accumulation, which was later treated by platelet-derived biomaterials (PDB). Further, during in vivo studies, mice were subcutaneously administered with nicotine to examine IVD-associated pathologic changes. The results revealed that nicotine could significantly reduce chondrocytes and chondrogenic indicators (Sox, Col II and aggrecan). Mice with nicotine treatment also exhibited malformed IVD structure with decreased Col II as well as proteoglycans, which was significantly increased after PDB administration for 4 weeks. Mechanistically, PDB significantly restored the levels of IGF-1 signaling proteins, particularly pIGF-1 R, pAKT, and IRS-1, modulating ECM synthesis by chondrocytes. Conclusively, the PDB impart reparative and tissue regenerative processes by inhibiting nicotine-initiated IVD degeneration, through regulating IGF-1/AKT/IRS-1 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Cheng Lo
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei.,Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Chi-Sheng Chiou
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei.,Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Feng-Chou Tsai
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301.,Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City
| | - Chun-Hao Chan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei.,Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Samantha Mao
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Yue-Hua Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei.,Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Chia-Yu Wu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Bou-Yue Peng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei.,Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei.,Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City.,Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung
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Libei D, Yin MXC, Chan CH, Li HWR. P–497 Anxiety, depression and sexual dysfunction among women with genital diseases. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
How is the prevalence of anxiety, depression and sexual dysfunction among Chinese women who is suffering from genital diseases? What is the relationship among their anxiety, depression and sexual dysfunction?
Summary answer
Anxiety, depression and sexual dysfunction symptoms were self-reported by the participants. Besides, their anxiety, depression and sexual dysfunction were inter-correlated.
What is known already
Reduced sexual activity and dysfunctional problems are highly prevalent in females. Approximately 43% of American women reported experiencing sexual problems.
Women who are facing pressure on childbirth, may be more likely to have mental health problems. Some studies have shown that having gynecological disease can lead to anxiety, depression and sexual dysfunction. However, the mental health of females who are suffering from genital diseases has been little studied.
Study design, size, duration
The investigation was carried out from March to November, 2020. Participants were recruited in the Hong Kong University-Shenzhen Hospital, located in Shenzhen, China. 135 patients were approached while 116 agreed to join the survey.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
116 women (35.42±8.19 years old) with a diagnosis of fallopian tube disease, ovarian benign disease or uterine disease voluntarily filled a questionnaire which contains the Female Sexual Function Index–6 Items (FSFI–6) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Descriptive analysis and stepwise regression were used to present participants’ self-reported anxiety, depression, and sexual dysfunction problems, as well as the relationship among their anxiety, depression, and sexual dysfunction.
Main results and the role of chance
25% of the participants reported anxiety symptoms; 9.5% of the women reported depressive symptoms; while 37.3% reported sexual dysfunction problems. Anxiety (p < 0.001) was significantly associated with depression. Depressive symptom can significantly predict sexual dysfunction (p < 0.05) while anxiety was not associated with sexual dysfunction (p > 0.05). Targeted interventions are needed to improve the mental health status of women with genital diseases in China.
Limitations, reasons for caution
This study can only present mental health status of this population. To better show the odds ratio of mental health problems, a case-control study design is needed. Besides, future qualitative or longitudinal studies are needed to detect the risk factors for the poor mental health of women with genital diseases.
Wider implications of the findings: Reduced sexual activity and dysfunctional problems are highly prevalent in females with genital diseases. Sexuality is an important element in patients’ quality of life. For female patients with genital diseases, we should not only treat their physical symptoms, but also guide and treat patients in mental ways.
Trial registration number
ChiCTR2000031343
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Affiliation(s)
- D Libei
- University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shenzhen- Guangdong-, China
| | - M X C Yin
- University of Hong Kong, Department of social work and social Administration, Hongkong, China
| | - C H Chan
- University of Hong Kong, Department of social work and social Administration, Hongkong, China
| | - H W R Li
- University of Hong Kong, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hongkong, China
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8
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Chan CH, Wu CY, Dubey NK, Wei HJ, Lu JH, Mao S, Liang J, Liang YH, Cheng HC, Deng WP. Modulating redox homeostasis and cellular reprogramming through inhibited methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 enzymatic activities in lung cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:17930-17947. [PMID: 32759461 PMCID: PMC7585109 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports have indicated the role of highly expressed methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) enzyme in cancers, showing poor survival; however, detailed mechanistic insight of metabolic functions of MTHFD2 have not been well-defined. Therefore, we aimed to examine the metabolic functions and cellular reprograming potential of MTHFD2 in lung cancer (LCa). In this study, we initially confirmed the expression levels of MTHFD2 in LCa not only in tissue and OncomineTM database, but also at molecular levels. Further, we reprogrammed metabolic activities in these cells through MTHFD2 gene knockdown via lentiviral transduction, and assessed their viability, transformation and self-renewal ability. In vivo tumorigenicity was also evaluated in NOD/SCID mice. Results showed that MTHFD2 was highly expressed in stage-dependent LCa tissues as well in cell lines, A549, H1299 and H441. Cellular viability, transformation and self-renewal abilities were significantly inhibited in MTHFD2-knockdown LCa cell lines. These cells also showed suppressed tumor-initiating ability and reduced tumor size compared to vector controls. Under low oxygen tension, MTHFD2-knockdown groups showed no significant increase in sphere formation, and hence the stemness. Conclusively, the suppressed levels of MTHFD2 is essential for cellular metabolic reprogramming leading to inhibited LCa growth and tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hao Chan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan,Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Wu
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan,School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Navneet Kumar Dubey
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan,Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Jian Wei
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hua Lu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan,Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Samantha Mao
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Joy Liang
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chung Cheng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan,Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110131, Taiwan
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan,Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan,Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan
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9
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Wu CY, Chan CH, Dubey NK, Wei HJ, Lu JH, Chang CC, Cheng HC, Ou KL, Deng WP. Highly Expressed FOXF1 Inhibit Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Growth via Inducing Tumor Suppressor and G1-Phase Cell-Cycle Arrest. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093227. [PMID: 32370197 PMCID: PMC7246752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer pathogenesis results from genetic alteration-induced high or low transcriptional programs, which become highly dependent on regulators of gene expression. However, their role in progressive regulation of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and how these dependencies may offer opportunities for novel therapeutic options remain to be understood. Previously, we identified forkhead box F1 (FOXF1) as a reprogramming mediator which leads to stemnesss when mesenchymal stem cells fuse with lung cancer cells, and we now examine its effect on lung cancer through establishing lowly and highly expressing FOXF1 NSCLC engineered cell lines. Higher expression of FOXF1 was enabled in cell lines through lentiviral transduction, and their viability, proliferation, and anchorage-dependent growth was assessed. Flow cytometry and Western blot were used to analyze cellular percentage in cell-cycle phases and levels of cellular cyclins, respectively. In mice, tumorigenic behavior of FOXF1 was investigated. We found that FOXF1 was downregulated in lung cancer tissues and cancer cell lines. Cell proliferation and ability of migration, anchorage-independent growth, and transformation were inhibited in H441-FOXF1H and H1299-FOXF1H, with upregulated tumor suppressor p21 and suppressed cellular cyclins, leading to cell-cycle arrest at the gap 1 (G1) phase. H441-FOXF1H and H1299-FOXF1H injected mice showed reduced tumor size. Conclusively, highly expressing FOXF1 inhibited NSCLC growth via activating tumor suppressor p21 and G1 cell-cycle arrest, thus offering a potentially novel therapeutic strategy for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Wu
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Chan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (N.K.D.); (H.-J.W.); (J.-H.L.); (H.-C.C.)
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Navneet Kumar Dubey
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (N.K.D.); (H.-J.W.); (J.-H.L.); (H.-C.C.)
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Jian Wei
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (N.K.D.); (H.-J.W.); (J.-H.L.); (H.-C.C.)
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hua Lu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (N.K.D.); (H.-J.W.); (J.-H.L.); (H.-C.C.)
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chung Cheng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (N.K.D.); (H.-J.W.); (J.-H.L.); (H.-C.C.)
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Liang Ou
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan;
- 3D Global Biotech Inc., New Taipei City 22175, Taiwan
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (N.K.D.); (H.-J.W.); (J.-H.L.); (H.-C.C.)
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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10
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Chan TMS, Chan CH. Centre for Youth Research and Practice: Social Impact Assessment Results. J Evid Based Soc Work (2019) 2020; 17:267-278. [PMID: 32420837 DOI: 10.1080/26408066.2020.1726236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: This article outlines the objective and structure of the Center for Youth Research and Practice (CYRP), its contributions toward youth research and practices, importance of the linkages that the CYRP has cultivated between research and practice, the facilitation of knowledge exchange with local and global institutions and professionals, and its role in future endeavors.Method: A social impact assessment has been implemented to address the intervention and the outcome based on the contributions of the CYRP to youth research and practices.Results: From this, the work of the CYRP on youth research and practices is concluded to have significant social impacts at the individual, social, organizational, and global levels. The work has found that the quality of life, self-esteem, involvement in society, empowerment through social capacity building, organizational development, and providing an international hub are crucial for youth development and wellbeing.Discussion: Hitherto, the CYRP has published over a hundred journal articles and held nearly 200 events including training courses, workshops, seminars and a conference. Over 6000 participants have taken part in these events and more than 60 institutions have collaborated with the CYRP to exchange knowledge on youth research and practices. The work of the CYRP as a whole has facilitated the participation of different individuals and organizations. In essence, the work of the CYRP has provided important grounds to initiate its role as an international hub as the CYRP is now considered as a center of significance in youth research and practices for Chinese societies in the East Asia region.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M S Chan
- Department of Social Work, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - C H Chan
- Department of Social Work, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
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11
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Woo SC, Yung KS, Wong T, Yu ELM, Li SK, Chan HF, Chan CH, Lee YC, Chan JMC, Leung WS. Imaging findings of critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a case series. Hong Kong Med J 2020; 26:236-239. [PMID: 32362589 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj208441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S C Woo
- Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K S Yung
- Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - T Wong
- Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - E L M Yu
- Clinical Research Centre, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S K Li
- Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - H F Chan
- Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C H Chan
- Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Y C Lee
- Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - J M C Chan
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - W S Leung
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
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12
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Wong SC, Chan TS, Chan CH, Ma JKF. Bow hunter’s syndrome: a sinister cause of vertigo and syncope not to be missed. Hong Kong Med J 2020; 26:150.e1-150.e3. [DOI: 10.12809/hkmj198048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- SC Wong
- Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Laichikok, Hong Kong
| | - TS Chan
- Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Laichikok, Hong Kong
| | - CH Chan
- Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Laichikok, Hong Kong
| | - Johnny KF Ma
- Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Laichikok, Hong Kong
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13
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Chan RLS, Chan CH, Chan HF, Pan NY. The many facets of neuropathic arthropathy. BJR Open 2019; 1:20180039. [PMID: 33178926 PMCID: PMC7592473 DOI: 10.1259/bjro.20180039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic arthropathy, also known as Charcot arthropathy, refers to progressive and occasionally rapid joint destruction that results from underlying disorders of the nervous system. This pictorial essay aims to illustrate various radiologic findings in neuropathic arthropathy using various examples in the upper and lower limbs and in the spine. Pearls for radiologic diagnosis, clinical differential considerations and possible complications are discussed individually for each joint. MR imaging techniques for differentiating infection and neuropathic arthropathy are explained with examples. Management issues are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L S Chan
- Princess Margaret Hospital, Department of Radiology, Hong Kong,
| | - C H Chan
- Princess Margaret Hospital, Department of Radiology, Hong Kong,
| | - H F Chan
- Princess Margaret Hospital, Department of Radiology, Hong Kong,
| | - N Y Pan
- Princess Margaret Hospital, Department of Radiology, Hong Kong,
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14
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Chan CH, Brown G, Rikvold PA. Macroscopically constrained Wang-Landau method for systems with multiple order parameters and its application to drawing complex phase diagrams. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:053302. [PMID: 28618623 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.053302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A generalized approach to Wang-Landau simulations, macroscopically constrained Wang-Landau, is proposed to simulate the density of states of a system with multiple macroscopic order parameters. The method breaks a multidimensional random-walk process in phase space into many separate, one-dimensional random-walk processes in well-defined subspaces. Each of these random walks is constrained to a different set of values of the macroscopic order parameters. When the multivariable density of states is obtained for one set of values of fieldlike model parameters, the density of states for any other values of these parameters can be obtained by a simple transformation of the total system energy. All thermodynamic quantities of the system can then be rapidly calculated at any point in the phase diagram. We demonstrate how to use the multivariable density of states to draw the phase diagram, as well as order-parameter probability distributions at specific phase points, for a model spin-crossover material: an antiferromagnetic Ising model with ferromagnetic long-range interactions. The fieldlike parameters in this model are an effective magnetic field and the strength of the long-range interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Chan
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4350, USA
| | - G Brown
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4350, USA.,Division of Science and Math, Tallahassee Community College, Tallahassee, Florida 32304, USA
| | - P A Rikvold
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4350, USA
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15
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Chan CH, Cheng KK, Pan NY, Wong KC, Lai HY, Chan HF, Chow HL. Mueller-Weiss Syndrome: an Important but Under-recognised Cause of Foot Pain and Deformity. Hong Kong J Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1615337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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16
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Fok EWS, Poon WL, Tse KS, Lau HY, Chan CH, Pan NY, Cho HY, Yeung TW, Wong YC, Leung KW, Khoo JLS, Tang KW. Angiographic factors associated with haemorrhagic presentation of brain arteriovenous malformation in a Chinese paediatric population. Hong Kong Med J 2015; 21:401-6. [PMID: 26234688 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj144339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify specific angiographic factors associated with haemorrhagic presentation of brain arteriovenous malformation in Chinese paediatric patients. DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional observational study. SETTING Four locoregional tertiary neurosurgical centres in Hong Kong: Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Tuen Mun Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital, and Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital. PATIENTS Patients aged 18 years or younger who underwent pretreatment digital subtraction angiography for brain arteriovenous malformation between 1 January 2005 and 31 July 2013 were included. Patients were divided into haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic groups based on the initial presentation. Pretreatment digital subtraction angiographies were independently reviewed by two experienced neuroradiologists. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The following parameters were evaluated for their association with haemorrhagic presentation by univariate and multivariate analyses: nidus location, nidus size, nidus morphology (diffuse or compact); origin and number of arterial feeders; venous drainage; number of draining veins; presence of aneurysms, venous varices, and venous stenosis. RESULTS A total of 67 children and adolescents (28 male, 39 female) with a mean age of 12 years were included. Of them, 52 (78%) presented with haemorrhage. Arteriovenous malformation size (P=0.004) and morphology (P=0.05) were found to be associated with haemorrhagic presentation by univariate analysis. Small arteriovenous malformation nidus size and diffuse nidal morphology were identified as independent risk factors for haemorrhage by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Smaller arteriovenous malformation size and diffuse nidal morphology are angiographic factors independently associated with haemorrhagic presentation. Bleeding risk is important in determining the therapeutic approach (aggressive vs conservative) and timeframe, particularly in paediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine W S Fok
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong
| | - W L Poon
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong
| | - K S Tse
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong
| | - H Y Lau
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong
| | - C H Chan
- Department of Radiology, Kwong Wah Hospital, Yaumatei, Hong Kong
| | - N Y Pan
- Department of Radiology, Kwong Wah Hospital, Yaumatei, Hong Kong (currently at Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Laichikok, Hong Kong)
| | - H Y Cho
- Department of Radiology, Kwong Wah Hospital, Yaumatei, Hong Kong
| | - T W Yeung
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| | - Y C Wong
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| | - K W Leung
- Department of Radiology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong
| | - Jennifer L S Khoo
- Department of Radiology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong
| | - K W Tang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong
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17
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Chan CH, Rikvold PA. Monte Carlo simulations of the critical properties of a Ziff-Gulari-Barshad model of catalytic CO oxidation with long-range reactivity. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2015; 91:012103. [PMID: 25679566 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.012103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The Ziff-Gulari-Barshad (ZGB) model, a simplified description of the oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) on a catalyst surface, is widely used to study properties of nonequilibrium phase transitions. In particular, it exhibits a nonequilibrium, discontinuous transition between a reactive and a CO poisoned phase. If one allows a nonzero rate of CO desorption (k), the line of phase transitions terminates at a critical point (k(c)). In this work, instead of restricting the CO and atomic oxygen (O) to react to form carbon dioxide (CO(2)) only when they are adsorbed in close proximity, we consider a modified model that includes an adjustable probability for adsorbed CO and O atoms located far apart on the lattice to react. We employ large-scale Monte Carlo simulations for system sizes up to 240×240 lattice sites, using the crossing of fourth-order cumulants to study the critical properties of this system. We find that the nonequilibrium critical point changes from the two-dimensional Ising universality class to the mean-field universality class upon introducing even a weak long-range reactivity mechanism. This conclusion is supported by measurements of cumulant fixed-point values, cluster percolation probabilities, correlation-length finite-size scaling properties, and the critical exponent ratio β/ν. The observed behavior is consistent with that of the equilibrium Ising ferromagnet with additional weak long-range interactions [T. Nakada, P. A. Rikvold, T. Mori, M. Nishino, and S. Miyashita, Phys. Rev. B 84, 054433 (2011)]. The large system sizes and the use of fourth-order cumulants also enable determination with improved accuracy of the critical point of the original ZGB model with CO desorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Chan
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4350, USA
| | - P A Rikvold
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4350, USA
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19
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Cheung CS, Chan CH, Ng EH. Stress and anxiety-depression levels following first-trimester miscarriage: a comparison between women who conceived naturally and women who conceived with assisted reproduction. BJOG 2013; 120:1090-7. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- CS Cheung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; the University of Hong Kong; Queen Mary Hospital
| | - CH Chan
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration; the University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR; China
| | - EH Ng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; the University of Hong Kong; Queen Mary Hospital
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20
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Chan CH, Leung AKH, Cheung YF, Chan PYC, Yeung KWA, Lai KY. A rare neurological complication due to lithium poisoning. Hong Kong Med J 2012; 18:343-345. [PMID: 22865182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium salts have been used in treatment of depression and bipolar disorder for more than 50 years. Neurotoxic side-effects such as nystagmus, ataxia, tremor, fasciculation, clonus, seizure and even coma have been well described in the literature. We present a case of generalised peripheral neuropathy following lithium intoxication. It is a rare presentation with delayed onset and characterised by a rapid downhill course. Diagnosis was confirmed by nerve conduction tests, which showed axonal neuropathy. Despite the profound neurological effects of this toxicity, it is readily reversible with supportive care and the prognosis is good.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Chan
- B6 Intensive Care Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong.
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21
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Wong SY, Lo SH, Chan CH, Chui HS, Sze WK, Tung Y. Is it feasible to discuss an advance directive with a Chinese patient with advanced malignancy? A prospective cohort study. Hong Kong Med J 2012; 18:178-185. [PMID: 22665680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Advance directives have been implemented for years in western countries, but the concept is new to Asian cultures. According to traditional Chinese culture, family members usually play a decisive role in a patient's treatment plan. Thus it may be hard to implement an advance directive despite its importance to the treatment of patients. The objectives of this study were to assess the feasibility of advance directive engagement and to explore significant contributing factors to achieving such a goal. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Palliative Care Unit of Clinical Oncology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS The subjects of the investigation were adult patients diagnosed to have advanced malignancy and newly referred to the hospice service from 24 April 2009 to 30 July 2009. Data were collected from nursing assessment forms, locally designed advance directive forms, a checklist completed by oncologists, and details available in the electronic hospital record. RESULTS Of the 191 eligible patients, 120 (63%) had the advance directive, whereas 71 (37%) did not. In the Cox regression model, the patient having insight of a poor prognosis was the most significant factor facilitating advance directive engagement (P=0.001). Any family objection in the discussion of advance directives was also an important factor, though it did not reach statistical significance (P=0.082). Other factors like age, gender, education, religion, financial status, living environment, understanding the diagnosis, bereavement experience, type of cancer, nature of illness, courses of chemotherapy or radiotherapy received, main caregiver, in-house supporter, nurse-led clinic attendance, clinical psychologist consultation, and in-patient hospice nurse coordinator interview were all statistically insignificant. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that it was feasible to discuss an advance directive with Chinese patients with advanced malignancy. When patients have insight about their poor prognosis and family members have no objection, it may be appropriate to discuss an advance directive.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Wong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong.
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Ng DK, Wong KCW, Chan CH, Ng EP. Development of the Chinese version of the Paediatric Allergic Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire: reliability and validity. Hong Kong Med J 2011; 17:460-464. [PMID: 22147315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Paediatric Allergic Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire is a health-related assessment tool designed for children with allergic diseases. This study aimed to translate the original English version of the Questionnaire to Chinese and to provide psychometric evidence on the validity and reliability of the translated version. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Out-patient clinic of a non-teaching hospital in Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS The Paediatric Allergic Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire was translated to Chinese and then completed by a group of 115 Hong Kong Chinese children (66 male and 49 female; mean age, 11 years) with allergic disease(s). All subjects were asked to respond using visual analogue scales dealing with issues related to the perceived morbidity of allergic diseases. To assess test-retest reliability, 2 weeks later a subgroup of 16 individuals was retested with the same Questionnaire. RESULTS The internal consistency of the Chinese Paediatric Allergic Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire was satisfactory (Cronbach alpha=0.92). The correlation between the total Questionnaire score and the visual analogue scale score was moderately significant (Spearman's rho=0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.34-0.62). Structural validity as studied by confirmatory factor analysis found that the structure of subscales was remarkably similar to the original English version. The intra-class correlation between the Questionnaire score from the first and the second test in the subgroup of 16 subjects was 0.75, indicating adequate repeatability. CONCLUSION The validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Paediatric Allergic Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire was established for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K Ng
- Department of Paediatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Sim LH, Gan SN, Chan CH, Yahya R. ATR-FTIR studies on ion interaction of lithium perchlorate in polyacrylate/poly(ethylene oxide) blends. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2010; 76:287-292. [PMID: 20444642 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Revised: 08/30/2009] [Accepted: 09/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The interaction behaviours between components of polyacrylate (PAc)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and lithium perchlorate (LiClO(4)) were investigated in detail by Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR)-Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Solution cast films of the PAc/PEO and PAc/PEO/LiClO(4) were examined. No obvious shifting of the characteristic ether and ester group stretching modes of PEO and PAc was observed, indicating incompatibility of the binary PAc/PEO blend. The spectroscopic studies on the PAc/PEO/LiClO(4) blends reveal that Li(+) ions coordinate individually to the polymer components at the ether oxygen of PEO and the C-O of the ester group of PAc. Frequency changes observed on the nu(C-O-C) and omega(CH(2)) of PEO confirm the coordination between PEO and Li(+) ions resulting in crystallinity suppression of PEO. The absence of experimental evidence on the formation of PEO-Li(+)-PAc complexes suggests that LiClO(4) does not enhance the compatibility of PAc/PEO blend.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Sim
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia.
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Chan CH. Clinical Predictors of Minor Head Injury Patients Presenting with Glasgow Coma Scale Score of 14 or 15 and Requiring Neurosurgical Intervention. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791001700309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Minor head injury is the most common type of head injury assessed in accident and emergency departments. Emergency physicians have concerns in discharging patients with intracranial injuries which require neurosurgical interventions. The aim of this study is to find out the clinical signs and symptoms which can help to predict who need neurosurgical intervention following minor head injury. Methods This was a retrospective case-control study. Patients with head injury and GCS score of 14 or 15 and requiring neurosurgical intervention were recruited. Another group of patients with head injury and GCS score of 14 or 15 but not requiring neurosurgical intervention were enrolled as control. In all cases, clinical signs and symptoms were collected by chart review of the clinical records retrieved by the computerized Clinical Data Analysis & Reporting System (CDARS). The relationship between clinical features and need of neurosurgical intervention was analyzed by chi-square test with 95% confidence interval. Results A total of 22 cases were found and compared with 288 controls to study on the clinical variables for the prediction of the need of neurosurgical intervention. Six warning signs were found statistically significant by univariate analysis: severe headache (p=0.0206), vomiting more than once (p<0.0006), drop in GCS (p<0.0001), confusion/restlessness (p<0.0001), bleeding from ear (p<0.0001) and skull fracture in the X-ray (p<0.0001). Conclusion Patients with minor head injury presenting with GCS score of 14 or 15 to the accident and emergency department rarely require neurosurgical intervention. Some clinical risk factors can be used as a guide to identify those who need neurosurgical intervention following minor head injury.
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Au WY, Fung A, Wong KF, Chan CH, Liang R. Tumor necrosis factor alpha promoter polymorphism and the risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and myeloma in the Chinese population. Leuk Lymphoma 2009; 47:2189-93. [PMID: 17071494 DOI: 10.1080/10428190600758645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The -308 GA promoter polymorphism of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of lymphoid malignancies in Caucasians. We studied the incidence and prognostic significance of this polymorphism in Chinese patients with plasma cell myeloma (PCM), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and lymphomas. Despite a far lower incidence of PCM and CLL in the Chinese population compared with Caucasians, the rates of TNFalpha-308A were similar to those in Caucasians, both in the study and control populations. Similarly, there was no increased rate of TNFalpha-308A in all the lymphomas studied, irrespective of lineage. However, TNFalpha-308A is significantly associated with female CLL cases and confers a strong negative prognostic impact for Chinese CLL. These argue for a possible biological role for increased TNFalpha production in CLL progression in low-risk individuals.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Cell Lineage
- China
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Multiple Myeloma/genetics
- Multiple Myeloma/metabolism
- Multiple Myeloma/pathology
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Prognosis
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Au
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
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Kuo WC, Chan CH, Chou CH, Cheng JCH. Swept source optical coherence tomography for radiation-enhanced hepatocellular carcinoma cell invasion imaging. Phys Med Biol 2009; 54:4289-97. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/54/13/021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Chan AOK, Lau JSM, Chan CH, Shek CC. Cryoglobulinaemia: clinical and laboratory perspectives. Hong Kong Med J 2008; 14:55-59. [PMID: 18239245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that precipitate in the serum upon cooling to below core body temperature and re-dissolve at higher temperatures. Cryoglobulinaemia may be life-threatening. The three types of cryoglobulinaemia are associated with a wide spectrum of haematological, autoimmune, and chronic infectious diseases, especially hepatitis C infection. Our laboratory has received 378 requests for cryoglobulin testing over the past 5 years, with a detection rate of 4.8% in the 271 patients involved. Twelve per cent of the specimens were not processed due to being at an inappropriate temperature on arrival at the laboratory. Clinicians should be aware of temperature requirements when requesting cryoglobulin testing in suspected cases, and for all relevant protein tests in patients with cryoglobulinaemia. Handling specimens at inappropriate temperatures in the pre-analytical and analytical phases of the investigation might lead to cryoprecipitation and therefore false-negative results. The potential pitfalls encountered with specimen handling, analysis, and result interpretation are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel O K Chan
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Hong Kong.
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Little CL, Rhoades JR, Hucklesby L, Greenwood M, Surman-Lee S, Bolton FJ, Meldrum R, Wilson I, McDonald C, de Pinna E, Threlfall EJ, Chan CH. Survey of Salmonella contamination of raw shell eggs used in food service premises in the United Kingdom, 2005 through 2006. J Food Prot 2008; 71:19-26. [PMID: 18236658 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-71.1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This survey was launched after an unusual number of Salmonella Enteritidis outbreaks associated with the use of eggs in food service premises in England and Wales. Between November 2005 and December 2006, 9,528 eggs (1,588 pooled samples of 6 eggs) were collected from 1,567 food service premises in the United Kingdom, most of which (89%) were produced in the United Kingdom. Salmonella was isolated from 6 (0.38%) pools of eggs. Of these, 5 (0.31%) were Salmonella Enteritidis, which were further characterized to phage types (PTs): PT 4 (0.19%), PT 8 (0.06%), and PT 12 (0.06%). Salmonella Mbandaka was also isolated (0.06%). Salmonella was detected from five and one of pooled eggs samples that were produced in the United Kingdom and Germany, respectively; these were from different producers. The study showed evidence of poor egg storage and handling practices in food service premises, in that 55% did not store eggs under refrigerated conditions; 20.7% of eggs had expired "best before" dates or were in use after 3 weeks of lay, indicating poor stock rotation; and 37.1% pooled eggs not intended for immediate service. Eggs are a commonly consumed food that may occasionally be contaminated with Salmonella at different rates, according to their country of origin. The food service sector needs to be aware of this continuing hazard, receive appropriate food safety and hygiene training on storage and usage of raw shell eggs, adopt appropriate control measures, and follow advice provided by national food agencies in order to reduce the risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Little
- Department of Gastrointestinal Infections, Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK.
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Little CL, Walsh S, Hucklesby L, Surman-Lee S, Pathak K, Gatty Y, Greenwood M, De Pinna E, Threlfall EJ, Maund A, Chan CH. Survey of Salmonella contamination of non-United Kingdom-produced raw shell eggs on retail sale in the northwest of England and London, 2005 to 2006. J Food Prot 2007; 70:2259-65. [PMID: 17969606 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-70.10.2259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This survey was prompted by a change in the epidemiology of Salmonella Enteritidis infections in England and Wales and elsewhere in Europe and, to our knowledge, is the first survey to provide information on Salmonella contamination of non-United Kingdom eggs on retail sale. Based on 10,464 non-United Kingdom eggs (1744 pooled samples of six eggs) purchased between March 2005 and July 2006, the total weighted prevalence estimate for all Salmonella detected in non-United Kingdom eggs was 3.3%. Of the eggs sampled, most were produced in Spain (66.3%), France (20.0%), or The Netherlands (7.4%). Salmonella was detected from 4.4 and 0.3% of eggs produced in Spain and France, respectively, with weighted prevalence estimates. Eight different Salmonella serotypes were recovered from non-United Kingdom eggs, of which Salmonella Enteritidis predominated, with an estimated prevalence of 2.6%. Salmonella Enteritidis was obtained only from Spanish eggs. Nine different phage types of Salmonella Enteritidis were identified, with phage type 1 found to be the predominant phage type. Most of the Salmonella Enteritidis isolates obtained from Spanish eggs in the survey were resistant to nalidixic acid with concomitant decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (0.125 to 1.0 mg/liter) or ampicillin (8.0 mg/liter). Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 1 until now had not been detected in eggs examined as part of previous United Kingdom egg surveys but has been detected in eggs of Spanish origin examined during recent national outbreaks of Salmonella Enteritidis non-phage type 4 infections in England and Wales. Eggs are a commonly consumed food that may occasionally be contaminated with Salmonella. The rates of contamination may be linked to the origin of the eggs. Consumers and caterers need to be aware of this continuing hazard, adopt appropriate control measures, and follow advice provided by national food agencies in order to reduce the risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Little
- Department of Gastrointestinal Infections, Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK.
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Chan CH, Ng DK. A mini review of P values from Hong Kong Medical Journal. Hong Kong Med J 2007; 13:411. [PMID: 17914154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
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Chan CH, Huang YS, Wang JS, Tiong KK. Temperature dependence of surface photovoltage spectroscopy in vertically coupled self-organized InAs/GaAs quantum dots. Opt Express 2007; 15:1898-1906. [PMID: 19532428 DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.001898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The surface photovoltage (SPV) spectra of a series of vertically stacked self-organized InAs/GaAs quantum dot (QD)-based laser structures with different spacer layer (SL) thickness were obtained as a function of temperature (77 K </= T </= 300 K). A decrease of the compressive stress for thinner SL samples arising from coherent relaxation enables us to designate the effect of material intermixing as the most probable mechanism of the energetic blueshift of the observed structures. The turnaround characteristic of the temperature-dependent spectral intensity shows that the reduced SPV signal at higher temperature is limited by the carrier scattering and at lower temperature it is governed by the magnitude of built-in electric field and the escape efficiency of the photogenerated carriers. The dot states to be blueshifted by material intermixing are expected to have higher escape rate for carriers out of QDs, thus resulting in lower measurable temperature for the detected SPV signal. The relatively higher signal at low temperature for the 10 nm SL sample provides a direct evidence of the tunneling process of carriers in the stacked QD layers.
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Yusop Z, Chan CH, Katimon A. Runoff characteristics and application of HEC-HMS for modelling stormflow hydrograph in an oil palm catchment. Water Sci Technol 2007; 56:41-48. [PMID: 17978431 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2007.690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Rainfall-runoff processes in a small oil palm catchment (8.2 ha) in Johor, Malaysia were examined. Storm hydrographs show rapid responses to rainfall with a short time to peak. The estimated initial hydrologic loss for the oil palm catchment is 5 mm. Despite the low initial loss, the catchment exhibits a high proportion of baseflow, approximately 54% of the total runoff. On an event basis, the stormflow response factor and runoff coefficient ranges from 0.003 to 0.21, and 0.02 to 0.44, respectively. Peakflow and stormflow volume were moderately correlated with rainfall. The hydrographs were satisfactorily modelled using the Hydrologic Engineering Centre-Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS). The efficiency indexes of the calibration and validation exercises are 0.81 and 0.82, respectively. Based on these preliminary findings, it could be suggested that an oil palm plantation would be able to serve reasonably well in regulating basic hydrological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yusop
- Institute of Environmental and Water Resource Management (IPASA) Univeristi Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310 Johor, Malaysia.
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Tang JW, Lau JSM, Wong SYN, Cheung JLK, Chan CH, Wong KF, Wong A, Chan PKS. Dose-by-dose virological and hematological responses to intravenous immunoglobulin in an immunocompromised patient with persistent parvovirus B19 infection. J Med Virol 2007; 79:1401-5. [PMID: 17607784 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A 42-year-old male with stage IV mantle cell lymphoma received chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. He developed pancytopaenia, and bone marrow examination indicated a parvovirus B19 (PVB 19)-induced red cell aplasia, confirmed by virological tests. Multiple doses of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) were given over the following months, with blood samples being taken after each dose for quantitative PVB 19 DNA and hematological testing to assess the response. Each dose of IVIG produced a 1-3 log(10) drop in PVB 19 DNA levels. Eventually, after the fifth dose of IVIG, the PVB 19 DNA was reduced to <10 copies/ml serum, with a gradual improvement in his hematological parameters. This report demonstrates how close monitoring of the virological and hematological response to IVIG therapy for persistent PVB 19 infection in an immunocompromised patient can optimize the usage of this relatively expensive, and sometimes scarce intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian W Tang
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Chan CH, Chan EY, Ng DK, Chow PY, Kwok KL. Application of artificial neural networks to establish a predictive mortality risk model in children admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit. Singapore Med J 2006; 47:928-34. [PMID: 17075658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Paediatric risk of mortality and paediatric index of mortality (PIM) are the commonly-used mortality prediction models (MPM) in children admitted to paediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The current study was undertaken to develop a better MPM using artificial neural network, a domain of artificial intelligence. METHODS The purpose of this retrospective case series was to compare an artificial neural network (ANN) model and PIM with the observed mortality in a cohort of patients admitted to a five-bed PICU in a Hong Kong non-teaching general hospital. The patients were under the age of 17 years and admitted to our PICU from April 2001 to December 2004. Data were collected from each patient admitted to our PICU. All data were randomly allocated to either the training or validation set. The data from the training set were used to construct a series of ANN models. The data from the validation set were used to validate the ANN and PIM models. The accuracy of ANN models and PIM was assessed by area under the receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve and calibration. RESULTS All data were randomly allocated to either the training (n=274) or validation set (n=273). Three ANN models were developed using the data from the training set, namely ANN8 (trained with variables required for PIM), ANN9 (trained with variables required for PIM and pre-ICU intubation) and ANN23 (trained with variables required for ANN9 and 14 principal ICU diagnoses). Three ANN models and PIM were used to predict mortality in the validation set. We found that PIM and ANN9 had a high ROC curve (PIM: 0.808, 95 percent confidence interval 0.552 to 1.000, ANN9: 0.957, 95 percent confidence interval 0.915 to 1.000), whereas ANN8 and ANN23 gave a suboptimal area under the ROC curve. ANN8 required only five variables for the calculation of risk, compared with eight for PIM. CONCLUSION The current study demonstrated the process of predictive mortality risk model development using ANN. Further multicentre studies are required to produce a representative ANN-based mortality prediction model for use in different PICUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Waterloo Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Ng DK, Hui HN, Chan CH, Kwok KL, Chow PY, Cheung JM, Leung SY. Obstructive sleep apnoea in children with Down syndrome. Singapore Med J 2006; 47:774-9. [PMID: 16924359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children with Down syndrome (DS) are prone to develop obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) for a combination of reasons, including small upper airway, midfacial hypoplasia, micrognathia and muscular hypotonia. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of OSA in DS children, with or without snoring, with snoring children matched for gender, age and weight for height. METHODS DS children were prospectively recruited from the Hong Kong Down Syndrome Association. All recruited DS children underwent a sleep polysomnography (PSG) in our sleep laboratory. The same number of patients without DS who underwent sleep PSG in the same period were enrolled as controls after they were matched for gender, age and weight for height. OSA was defined as apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) greater than 1.5. RESULTS 22 DS patients and 22 snoring controls completed the overnight PSG. The mean age of DS children and snoring controls was 10.82 +/- 5.93 and 10.27 +/- 5.68 years, respectively. The prevalence of OSA was 59 percent in DS children and 32 percent in snoring controls. Median and interquartile range (IQR) of AHI of DS children (median 1.80, IQR is 0.40 to 7.10) were significantly higher than those of controls (median 0.50, IQR is 0.00 to 2.03, p-value equals 0.041). Out of 13 DS children with OSA, eight of them (61.5 percent) had no habitual snoring. CONCLUSION 59 percent of DS children in the current series were found to have OSA and they were more likely to develop OSA than controls. Nearly 40 percent of DS children with OSA did not have habitual snoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Ng
- Department of Paediatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Waterloo Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Gavaza GM, Yu ZX, Tsang L, Chan CH, Tong SY, Van Hove MA. Efficient calculation of electron diffraction for the structural determination of nanomaterials. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:055505. [PMID: 17026114 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.055505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A critical advance in the technique of low-energy electron diffraction is presented and shown to enable determining detailed structures of nanomaterials, based on experimental methods that already exist or have been proposed. Our new cluster approach speeds up the computation to scale as n logn, rather than the current n3 or n2, with n the number of atoms, for example. Applications are illustrated for C60 molecules adsorbed on a Cu(111) surface, with and without coadsorbed metal atoms, exhibiting sensitivity to important structural features such as buckyball size and deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Gavaza
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Ng DK, Chan CH. Non-contact infrared thermal imagers may still be useful for mass fever screening. Hong Kong Med J 2006; 12:328. [PMID: 16912366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
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Blanchard P, Kallweit D, Brice KA, Froude FA, Chan CH, Neilson M, Holz J, Millat H. A comparison of European and North American atmospheric deposition networks: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and lindane. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 8:465-71. [PMID: 16604236 DOI: 10.1039/b517112a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A comparison between the sampling and analytical methods used by Canadian (IADN) and German (OSPAR) regional monitoring networks for persistent organic pollutants was conducted from September 2002 to October 2003 at a rural site in Ontario, Canada. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the currently-used pesticide lindane were measured in precipitation and ambient air samples. Overall the two networks sampling and analytical methods agreed well in their results of deposition (wet and dry particulate). Lindane concentrations between the two networks agreed well in the air samples while too few precipitation samples could be compared to conclude on agreement. The lindane seasonal profile with a peak in spring-early summer was consistent with previous results pointing to the continued use of this pesticide in 2002-2003 in Canada. Annual lindane wet depositions were comparable between the two network methodologies. PAHs concentrations in precipitation and in gas phase agreed well while there was a discrepancy for particulate PAHs in air. This study confirmed that the use of data from the two regional POPs monitoring networks for hemispherical modelling studies is warranted.
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Ng DK, Chan CH, Kwok KL, Chow PY. Improvement of adenoidectomy for childhood snoring. Hong Kong Med J 2005; 11:226-8. [PMID: 15951595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
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Choi KMS, Ng DKK, Wong SF, Kwok KL, Chow PY, Chan CH, Ho JCS. Assessment of the Pediatric Index of Mortality (PIM) and the Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) III score for prediction of mortality in a paediatric intensive care unit in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2005; 11:97-103. [PMID: 15815062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare two models (The Pediatric Risk of Mortality III score and Pediatric Index of Mortality) for prediction of mortality in a paediatric intensive care unit in Hong Kong. DESIGN Prospective case series. SETTING A five-bed paediatric intensive care unit in a general hospital in Hong Kong. PATIENTS All patients consecutively admitted to the unit between April 2001 and March 2003. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Scores for both models compared with observed mortality. RESULTS A total of 303 patients were admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit during the study period. The median age was 2 years, with an interquartile range of 7 months to 7 years. The male to female ratio was 169:134 (55.8%:44.2%). The median length of hospital stay was 3 days. The overall predicted number of deaths using The Pediatric Risk of Mortality III score was 10.2 patients whereas that by Pediatric Index of Mortality was 13.2 patients. The observed mortality was eight patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for the two models was 0.910 and 0.912, respectively. CONCLUSION The predicted mortality using both prediction models correlated well with the observed mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M S Choi
- Department of Paediatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, 25 Waterloo Road, Hong Kong
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Ng DK, Tong TF, Chan CH. Prescription of codeine in young infants. Hong Kong Med J 2004; 10:439-40. [PMID: 15591609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
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Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a highly infectious respiratory disease, to the best of our knowledge caused by a hitherto unknown corona virus. The virus has spread from South East Asia to many countries of the world. Three case reports of patients from the Prince of Wales Hospital of The Chinese University of Hong Kong demonstrate typical clinical courses. Fever, cough, in most cases non-productive, myalgia, chills, and rigor are the leading symptoms. Leucopenia and thrombocytopenia are the most prominent laboratory parameters, increased values for lactatedehydrogenase (LDH) reflect a more severe clinical course. Advanced age and coexisting conditions seem to influence the prognosis unfavourably. The chest roentgenogram may be normal initially but at a later stage progressive consolidations in the majority of peripheral parts of the lung are observed, which cannot be differentiated from pneumonias of other origin. Even young patients can enter a stage of respiratory compromise rather fast. A therapy against the cause of the disease is not known. Empirical therapy with ribavirin in combination with high dose corticosteroids have proved successful. The disease may progress into respiratory failure comparable with an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Mortality is around five to ten per cent. Stringent hygiene and quarantine measures are mandatory to prevent the further spread of this threatening disease.
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Au WY, Lie AKW, Chim CS, Liang R, Ma SK, Chan CH, Mak YK, Chen YT, So CC, Yeung YM, Yip SF, Wong LG, Chan JC, Liu SY, Kwong YL. Arsenic trioxide in comparison with chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of relapsed acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Ann Oncol 2003; 14:752-7. [PMID: 12702530 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdg208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The best overall treatment strategy for patients with acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) in relapse with chemotherapy, bone marrow transplantation (BMT) or arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) based therapy remains undefined. PATIENTS AND METHODS We reviewed the clinical course and treatment outcome of 143 APL cases seen in four major hospitals in Hong Kong over a 10-year period. RESULTS Complete remission (CR) was attained in 113 cases (79%) with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy. Relapse occurred at a median of 16 months in 54 cases, with a 3-year disease free survival of 56%. Post-relapse treatment was successful in 41 cases (76%), giving an actuarial 3-year overall survival (OS) of 81% from CR1. Three different protocols were used: chemotherapy alone (n = 19), allogeneic BMT (n = 14) and an As(2)O(3)-based regimen (n = 21). Chemotherapy was associated with the highest treatment-related mortality (TRM) at 53%, giving a CR2 rate of 47%. TRM was 36% for BMT. The CR2 rate for the As(2)O(3)-based regimen was 100%, with no TRM. However, 38% of As(2)O(3) treated patients had subsequent relapses, which were further salvaged in 75% by combined As(2)O(3) plus ATRA. The actuarial OS for the three protocols leveled off by 2 years at 82% for As(2)O(3), 43% for BMT and 23% for chemotherapy (P = 0.0004). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that As(2)O(3) may be superior to chemotherapy and BMT for the treatment of APL in relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Au
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
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Mak YK, Chan CH, Li CKP, Lee MP, Tsang YW. Clinical profiles of human immunodeficiency virus-associated lymphoma in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2003; 9:91-7. [PMID: 12668818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the clinical and prognostic features of human immunodeficiency virus-associated lymphoma in the local population with a view to designing more effective treatment strategies. DESIGN Retrospective review. SETTING Referral hospital, Hong Kong. SUBJECTS AND METHODS All patients (n=10) with human immunodeficiency virus-associated lymphoma managed at Queen Elizabeth Hospital from January 1995 to December 2001. RESULTS All patients were men with a median age of 39 years. The median CD4 cell count at the time of diagnosis of lymphoma was 0.056 x 10(9)/L. All tumours were diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, with the exception of one systemic Burkittlike lymphoma. Systemic lymphoma was diagnosed in seven patients and three had primary central nervous system lymphoma. Combined antiretroviral therapy was continued or given to five of the six patients who received some form of chemotherapy or radiotherapy treatment. Of the two patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma who received whole brain irradiation therapy, one patient survived 41 months in clinical remission after diagnosis and the other patient died of sepsis while in partial remission 19 months after diagnosis. The four patients with systemic lymphoma who received standard- or reduced-dose chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone had a median survival of 3 months. CONCLUSION The clinical profiles of these patients were similar to those of patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated lymphoma in western countries. The overall survival of patients was poor with conventional chemoradiotherapy. Other innovative treatment approaches should be investigated to prolong the survival of this patient group.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
- Burkitt Lymphoma/diagnosis
- Burkitt Lymphoma/therapy
- Central Nervous System Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Central Nervous System Neoplasms/pathology
- Central Nervous System Neoplasms/therapy
- Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Hemoglobins/analysis
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/isolation & purification
- Hong Kong
- Humans
- L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
- Lymphoma, AIDS-Related/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, AIDS-Related/pathology
- Lymphoma, AIDS-Related/therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/therapy
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Platelet Count
- Prednisone/therapeutic use
- RNA, Viral/analysis
- Reference Values
- Retrospective Studies
- Risk Factors
- Treatment Outcome
- Vincristine/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Mak
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Mak YK, Chan CH, Chen YT, Lau SM, So CC, Wong KF. Consolidation therapy with autologous blood stem cell transplantation in a patient with primary plasma cell leukaemia. Clin Lab Haematol 2003; 25:55-8. [PMID: 12542443 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2257.2003.00485.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Primary plasma cell leukaemia (PPCL) is a rare form of plasma cell dyscrasia. Conventional melphalan-based treatment is often ineffective, with a reported median survival of 2-7 months only. We report a 53-year-old man with PPCL who was treated with four cycles of combination chemotherapy including vincristine, adriamycin and dexamethasone that resulted in a good partial remission. High-dose melphalan 200 mg/m2 and autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) rescue was then given 6 months after diagnosis. Maintenance interferon-alpha was started 8 weeks after transplantation with good drug compliance. Complete remission was achieved and molecular remission was documented 11 months after autologous PBSC transplantation. In conclusion, high-dose therapy followed by autologous stem cell rescue is a feasible option for PPCL that can result in a reasonably sustained remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Mak
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, HongKong, China
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Mak YK, Chan CH, So CC, Chan MK, Chu YC. Idiopathic myelofibrosis with extramedullary haemopoiesis involving the urinary bladder in a Chinese lady. Clin Lab Haematol 2002; 24:55-9. [PMID: 11843900 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2257.2002.00424.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Extramedullary haemopoiesis (EMH) associated with idiopathic myelofibrosis most commonly involves the reticuloendothelial organs, such as the spleen and liver, although ectopic haemopoietic tissue has also been described rarely in the lymph nodes, skin, gastrointestinal tract, pleura, peritoneum, central nervous system, and genital and urinary tracts. We report on a 54-year-old Chinese lady with a long history of idiopathic myelofibrosis who presented with gross haematuria and left hydronephrosis due to EMH in the bladder trigone. Cystoscopic examination revealed a sessile necrotic papillary growth at the trigone, obstructing the left ureteric orifice. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumour was performed, and microscopic examination of the tumour chips demonstrated atypical megakaryocytes, immature granulocytes and normoblasts, confirming the presence of EMH. The residual bladder tumour responded well to low dose radiotherapy, with subsequent disappearance of haematuria and normalization of ultrasonogram findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Mak
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, China
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Quinn ER, Chan CH, Hadlock KG, Foung SK, Flint M, Levy S. The B-cell receptor of a hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma binds the viral E2 envelope protein, implicating HCV in lymphomagenesis. Blood 2001; 98:3745-9. [PMID: 11739181 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v98.13.3745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with extrahepatic B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. To determine whether a viral antigen drives this B-cell expansion, the B-cell receptors were cloned from HCV-associated lymphomas and were expressed as soluble immunoglobulins. The rescued immunoglobulins were then tested for their ability to bind the HCV-E2 envelope glycoprotein, an antigen that was previously implicated in the pathogenesis of HCV-associated B-cell diseases. One of 2 lymphoma immunoglobulin test cases bound the E2 protein in a manner identical to a bona fide human anti-E2 antibody. Moreover, it bound E2 from multiple viral genotypes, suggesting reactivity with a conserved E2 epitope. These findings support the hypothesis that some HCV-associated lymphomas originate from B cells that were initially activated by the HCV-E2 protein and might explain the association between HCV infection and some B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Quinn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305-5151, USA
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49
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Abstract
The homeobox-containing gene, Emx1, a mouse homologue of Drosophila empty spiracles, is specifically expressed in the developing telencephalic cortex. It has been reported that Emx1 transcripts and the protein product are localized in most cells of the cerebral cortex during the process of proliferation, migration, differentiation and maturation. We provide evidence here, based on a multitude of experimental approaches in developing rats, in support of the hypothesis that the expression of this gene is restricted to pyramidal neurons. Specifically, we found that, similar to pyramidal neurons, cells expressing Emx1 are distributed in all cortical layers, except layer I. Using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry at the light and electron microscope levels, we have shown that the density, distribution, soma shape and ultrastructural features of these cells were identical to those of pyramidal neurons. Double-labelling experiments confirmed that the vast majority of Emx1-expressing cells also contained glutamate, a marker of pyramidal neurons. We also found that this gene is expressed by most glutamate-containing neurons in dissociated cortical cell cultures and the vast majority of cells in radially arranged clones of pyramidal cells in the cortices of chimeric mice. Thus, the homeobox gene Emx1 can be reliably used as a marker of the pyramidal cell lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Chan
- Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Abstract
Chondroblastoma of the vertebra is a very rare condition. To our knowledge fewer than 20 cases have been reported in the world literature. We report a 54-year-old man with chondroblastoma of the fifth lumbar vertebra. The clinical and radiological aspects of the tumor are discussed, emphasizing the presence of an extraosseous mass suggestive of locally aggressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Leung
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Hong Kong.
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