1
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Xie SC, Wang Y, Morton CJ, Metcalfe RD, Dogovski C, Pasaje CFA, Dunn E, Luth MR, Kumpornsin K, Istvan ES, Park JS, Fairhurst KJ, Ketprasit N, Yeo T, Yildirim O, Bhebhe MN, Klug DM, Rutledge PJ, Godoy LC, Dey S, De Souza ML, Siqueira-Neto JL, Du Y, Puhalovich T, Amini M, Shami G, Loesbanluechai D, Nie S, Williamson N, Jana GP, Maity BC, Thomson P, Foley T, Tan DS, Niles JC, Han BW, Goldberg DE, Burrows J, Fidock DA, Lee MCS, Winzeler EA, Griffin MDW, Todd MH, Tilley L. Reaction hijacking inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum asparagine tRNA synthetase. Nat Commun 2024; 15:937. [PMID: 38297033 PMCID: PMC10831071 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Malaria poses an enormous threat to human health. With ever increasing resistance to currently deployed drugs, breakthrough compounds with novel mechanisms of action are urgently needed. Here, we explore pyrimidine-based sulfonamides as a new low molecular weight inhibitor class with drug-like physical parameters and a synthetically accessible scaffold. We show that the exemplar, OSM-S-106, has potent activity against parasite cultures, low mammalian cell toxicity and low propensity for resistance development. In vitro evolution of resistance using a slow ramp-up approach pointed to the Plasmodium falciparum cytoplasmic asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase (PfAsnRS) as the target, consistent with our finding that OSM-S-106 inhibits protein translation and activates the amino acid starvation response. Targeted mass spectrometry confirms that OSM-S-106 is a pro-inhibitor and that inhibition of PfAsnRS occurs via enzyme-mediated production of an Asn-OSM-S-106 adduct. Human AsnRS is much less susceptible to this reaction hijacking mechanism. X-ray crystallographic studies of human AsnRS in complex with inhibitor adducts and docking of pro-inhibitors into a model of Asn-tRNA-bound PfAsnRS provide insights into the structure-activity relationship and the selectivity mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley C Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Yinuo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Craig J Morton
- Biomedical Manufacturing Program, CSIRO, Clayton South, VIC, Australia
| | - Riley D Metcalfe
- Center for Structural Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Con Dogovski
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Charisse Flerida A Pasaje
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Elyse Dunn
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Madeline R Luth
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Krittikorn Kumpornsin
- Parasites and Microbes Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Calibr, Division of the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Eva S Istvan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joon Sung Park
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kate J Fairhurst
- Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Nutpakal Ketprasit
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Tomas Yeo
- Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Okan Yildirim
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - Dana M Klug
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Peter J Rutledge
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Luiz C Godoy
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Sumanta Dey
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Mariana Laureano De Souza
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jair L Siqueira-Neto
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yawei Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Tanya Puhalovich
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Mona Amini
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Gerry Shami
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | | | - Shuai Nie
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Nicholas Williamson
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Gouranga P Jana
- TCG Lifesciences Private Limited, Salt-Lake Electronics Complex, Kolkata, India
| | - Bikash C Maity
- TCG Lifesciences Private Limited, Salt-Lake Electronics Complex, Kolkata, India
| | - Patrick Thomson
- School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, UK
| | - Thomas Foley
- School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, UK
| | - Derek S Tan
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jacquin C Niles
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Byung Woo Han
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel E Goldberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeremy Burrows
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, 20, Route de Pré-Bois, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - David A Fidock
- Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Marcus C S Lee
- Parasites and Microbes Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Elizabeth A Winzeler
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Michael D W Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Matthew H Todd
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK.
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Leann Tilley
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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Metcalfe RD, Hanssen E, Fung KY, Aizel K, Kosasih CC, Zlatic CO, Doughty L, Morton CJ, Leis AP, Parker MW, Gooley PR, Putoczki TL, Griffin MDW. Structures of the interleukin 11 signalling complex reveal gp130 dynamics and the inhibitory mechanism of a cytokine variant. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7543. [PMID: 37985757 PMCID: PMC10662374 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42754-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL-)11, an IL-6 family cytokine, has pivotal roles in autoimmune diseases, fibrotic complications, and solid cancers. Despite intense therapeutic targeting efforts, structural understanding of IL-11 signalling and mechanistic insights into current inhibitors are lacking. Here we present cryo-EM and crystal structures of the human IL-11 signalling complex, including the complex containing the complete extracellular domains of the shared IL-6 family β-receptor, gp130. We show that complex formation requires conformational reorganisation of IL-11 and that the membrane-proximal domains of gp130 are dynamic. We demonstrate that the cytokine mutant, IL-11 Mutein, competitively inhibits signalling in human cell lines. Structural shifts in IL-11 Mutein underlie inhibition by altering cytokine binding interactions at all three receptor-engaging sites and abrogating the final gp130 binding step. Our results reveal the structural basis of IL-11 signalling, define the molecular mechanisms of an inhibitor, and advance understanding of gp130-containing receptor complexes, with potential applications in therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley D Metcalfe
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Center for Structural Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, 21702, USA
| | - Eric Hanssen
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Ian Holmes Imaging Centre, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Ka Yee Fung
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Kaheina Aizel
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Clara C Kosasih
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Courtney O Zlatic
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Larissa Doughty
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Craig J Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- CSIRO Biomedical Manufacturing Program, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Andrew P Leis
- Ian Holmes Imaging Centre, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
| | - Paul R Gooley
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Tracy L Putoczki
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Michael D W Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
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3
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Xie SC, Wang Y, Morton CJ, Metcalfe RD, Dogovski C, Pasaje CFA, Dunn E, Luth MR, Kumpornsin K, Istvan ES, Park JS, Fairhurst KJ, Ketprasit N, Yeo T, Yildirim O, Bhebhe MN, Klug DM, Rutledge PJ, Godoy LC, Dey S, De Souza ML, Siqueira-Neto JL, Du Y, Puhalovich T, Amini M, Shami G, Loesbanluechai D, Nie S, Williamson N, Jana GP, Maity BC, Thomson P, Foley T, Tan DS, Niles JC, Han BW, Goldberg DE, Burrows J, Fidock DA, Lee MC, Winzeler EA, Griffin MDW, Todd MH, Tilley L. Reaction hijacking inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum asparagine tRNA synthetase. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3198291. [PMID: 37546892 PMCID: PMC10402266 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3198291/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Malaria poses an enormous threat to human health. With ever increasing resistance to currently deployed drugs, breakthrough compounds with novel mechanisms of action are urgently needed. Here, we explore pyrimidine-based sulfonamides as a new low molecular weight inhibitor class with drug-like physical parameters and a synthetically accessible scaffold. We show that the exemplar, OSM-S-106, has potent activity against parasite cultures, low mammalian cell toxicity and low propensity for resistance development. In vitro evolution of resistance using a slow ramp-up approach pointed to the Plasmodium falciparum cytoplasmic asparaginyl tRNA synthetase (PfAsnRS) as the target, consistent with our finding that OSM-S-106 inhibits protein translation and activates the amino acid starvation response. Targeted mass spectrometry confirms that OSM-S-106 is a pro-inhibitor and that inhibition of PfAsnRS occurs via enzyme-mediated production of an Asn-OSM-S-106 adduct. Human AsnRS is much less susceptible to this reaction hijacking mechanism. X-ray crystallographic studies of human AsnRS in complex with inhibitor adducts and docking of pro-inhibitors into a model of Asn-tRNA-bound PfAsnRS provide insights into the structure activity relationship and the selectivity mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley C. Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Yinuo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Craig J. Morton
- Biomedical Manufacturing Program, CSIRO, Clayton South, Australia
| | - Riley D. Metcalfe
- Center for Structural Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Con Dogovski
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | - Elyse Dunn
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Madeline R Luth
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Krittikorn Kumpornsin
- Parasites and Microbes Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
- Calibr, Division of the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eva S Istvan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, USA
| | - Joon Sung Park
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kate J. Fairhurst
- Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nutpakal Ketprasit
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Tomas Yeo
- Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Okan Yildirim
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Dana M. Klug
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J. Rutledge
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Luiz C. Godoy
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sumanta Dey
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mariana Laureano De Souza
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Jair L. Siqueira-Neto
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Yawei Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Tanya Puhalovich
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Mona Amini
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Gerry Shami
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | - Shuai Nie
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Nicholas Williamson
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Gouranga P. Jana
- TCG Lifesciences Private Limited, Salt-lake Electronics Complex, Kolkata, India
| | - Bikash C. Maity
- TCG Lifesciences Private Limited, Salt-lake Electronics Complex, Kolkata, India
| | - Patrick Thomson
- School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Foley
- School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Derek S. Tan
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jacquin C Niles
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Byung Woo Han
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel E Goldberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, USA
| | - Jeremy Burrows
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, 20, Route de Pré-Bois 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - David A. Fidock
- Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Marcus C.S. Lee
- Parasites and Microbes Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth A. Winzeler
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Michael D. W. Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Matthew H. Todd
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Leann Tilley
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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4
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Zeller J, Cheung Tung Shing KS, Nero TL, McFadyen JD, Krippner G, Bogner B, Kreuzaler S, Kiefer J, Horner VK, Braig D, Danish H, Baratchi S, Fricke M, Wang X, Kather MG, Kammerer B, Woollard KJ, Sharma P, Morton CJ, Pietersz G, Parker MW, Peter K, Eisenhardt SU. A novel phosphocholine-mimetic inhibits a pro-inflammatory conformational change in C-reactive protein. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 15:e16236. [PMID: 36468184 PMCID: PMC9832874 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an early-stage acute phase protein and highly upregulated in response to inflammatory reactions. We recently identified a novel mechanism that leads to a conformational change from the native, functionally relatively inert, pentameric CRP (pCRP) structure to a pentameric CRP intermediate (pCRP*) and ultimately to the monomeric CRP (mCRP) form, both exhibiting highly pro-inflammatory effects. This transition in the inflammatory profile of CRP is mediated by binding of pCRP to activated/damaged cell membranes via exposed phosphocholine lipid head groups. We designed a tool compound as a low molecular weight CRP inhibitor using the structure of phosphocholine as a template. X-ray crystallography revealed specific binding to the phosphocholine binding pockets of pCRP. We provide in vitro and in vivo proof-of-concept data demonstrating that the low molecular weight tool compound inhibits CRP-driven exacerbation of local inflammatory responses, while potentially preserving pathogen-defense functions of CRP. The inhibition of the conformational change generating pro-inflammatory CRP isoforms via phosphocholine-mimicking compounds represents a promising, potentially broadly applicable anti-inflammatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Zeller
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical CentreMedical Faculty of the University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany,Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Karen S Cheung Tung Shing
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia,Department of Cardiometabolic HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Tracy L Nero
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia,Department of Cardiometabolic HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia,ACRF Rational Drug Discovery CentreSt. Vincent's Institute of Medical ResearchFitzroyVic.Australia
| | - James D McFadyen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVic.Australia,Department of Cardiometabolic HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Guy Krippner
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Balázs Bogner
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical CentreMedical Faculty of the University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Sheena Kreuzaler
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical CentreMedical Faculty of the University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Jurij Kiefer
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical CentreMedical Faculty of the University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Verena K Horner
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical CentreMedical Faculty of the University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - David Braig
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical CentreMedical Faculty of the University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Habiba Danish
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVic.Australia,School of Health and Biomedical SciencesRMIT UniversityMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Sara Baratchi
- School of Health and Biomedical SciencesRMIT UniversityMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Mark Fricke
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical CentreMedical Faculty of the University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVic.Australia,Department of Cardiometabolic HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Michel G Kather
- Centre for Integrative Signalling Analysis CISAUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Bernd Kammerer
- Centre for Integrative Signalling Analysis CISAUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | | | - Prerna Sharma
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Craig J Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia,Department of Cardiometabolic HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Geoffrey Pietersz
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVic.Australia,Department of Cardiometabolic HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia,Department of Cardiometabolic HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia,ACRF Rational Drug Discovery CentreSt. Vincent's Institute of Medical ResearchFitzroyVic.Australia
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVic.Australia,Department of Cardiometabolic HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Steffen U Eisenhardt
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical CentreMedical Faculty of the University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
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5
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Johnstone BA, Joseph R, Christie MP, Morton CJ, McGuiness C, Walsh JC, Böcking T, Tweten RK, Parker MW. Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins: The outstanding questions. IUBMB Life 2022; 74:1169-1179. [PMID: 35836358 PMCID: PMC9712165 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are a major family of bacterial pore-forming proteins secreted as virulence factors by Gram-positive bacterial species. CDCs are produced as soluble, monomeric proteins that bind specifically to cholesterol-rich membranes, where they oligomerize into ring-shaped pores of more than 30 monomers. Understanding the details of the steps the toxin undergoes in converting from monomer to a membrane-spanning pore is a continuing challenge. In this review we summarize what we know about CDCs and highlight the remaining outstanding questions that require answers to obtain a complete picture of how these toxins kill cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronte A Johnstone
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Riya Joseph
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle P Christie
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Craig J Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Conall McGuiness
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James C Walsh
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Till Böcking
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rodney K Tweten
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Michael W Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
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6
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Lee LYY, Suryadinata R, McCafferty C, Ignjatovic V, Purcell DFJ, Robinson P, Morton CJ, Parker MW, Anderson GP, Monagle P, Subbarao K, Neil JA. Heparin Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication in Human Nasal Epithelial Cells. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122620. [PMID: 36560624 PMCID: PMC9785945 DOI: 10.3390/v14122620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccination, supported by social and public health measures, has proven efficacious for reducing disease severity and virus spread. However, the emergence of highly transmissible viral variants that escape prior immunity highlights the need for additional mitigation approaches. Heparin binds the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and can inhibit virus entry and replication in susceptible human cell lines and bronchial epithelial cells. Primary infection predominantly occurs via the nasal epithelium, but the nasal cell biology of SARS-CoV-2 is not well studied. We hypothesized that prophylactic intranasal administration of heparin may provide strain-agnostic protection for household contacts or those in high-risk settings against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, we investigated the ability of heparin to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication in differentiated human nasal epithelial cells and showed that prolonged exposure to heparin inhibits virus infection. Furthermore, we establish a method for PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral genomes in heparin-treated samples that can be adapted for the detection of viruses in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Yi Yang Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Randy Suryadinata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Conor McCafferty
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Haematology, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Vera Ignjatovic
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Damian F. J. Purcell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Phil Robinson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Craig J. Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Michael W. Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Gary P. Anderson
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Paul Monagle
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Haematology, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Kanta Subbarao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Jessica A. Neil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
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Dix C, Zeller J, Stevens H, Eisenhardt SU, Shing KSCT, Nero TL, Morton CJ, Parker MW, Peter K, McFadyen JD. C-reactive protein, immunothrombosis and venous thromboembolism. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1002652. [PMID: 36177015 PMCID: PMC9513482 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1002652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a member of the highly conserved pentraxin superfamily of proteins and is often used in clinical practice as a marker of infection and inflammation. There is now increasing evidence that CRP is not only a marker of inflammation, but also that destabilized isoforms of CRP possess pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic properties. CRP circulates as a functionally inert pentameric form (pCRP), which relaxes its conformation to pCRP* after binding to phosphocholine-enriched membranes and then dissociates to monomeric CRP (mCRP). with the latter two being destabilized isoforms possessing highly pro-inflammatory features. pCRP* and mCRP have significant biological effects in regulating many of the aspects central to pathogenesis of atherothrombosis and venous thromboembolism (VTE), by directly activating platelets and triggering the classical complement pathway. Importantly, it is now well appreciated that VTE is a consequence of thromboinflammation. Accordingly, acute VTE is known to be associated with classical inflammatory responses and elevations of CRP, and indeed VTE risk is elevated in conditions associated with inflammation, such as inflammatory bowel disease, COVID-19 and sepsis. Although the clinical data regarding the utility of CRP as a biomarker in predicting VTE remains modest, and in some cases conflicting, the clinical utility of CRP appears to be improved in subsets of the population such as in predicting VTE recurrence, in cancer-associated thrombosis and in those with COVID-19. Therefore, given the known biological function of CRP in amplifying inflammation and tissue damage, this raises the prospect that CRP may play a role in promoting VTE formation in the context of concurrent inflammation. However, further investigation is required to unravel whether CRP plays a direct role in the pathogenesis of VTE, the utility of which will be in developing novel prophylactic or therapeutic strategies to target thromboinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dix
- Department of Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Johannes Zeller
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Program, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical Centre, Medical Faculty of the University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Stevens
- Department of Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Program, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Steffen U. Eisenhardt
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical Centre, Medical Faculty of the University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karen S. Cheung Tung Shing
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tracy L. Nero
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Craig J. Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Biomedical Manufacturing Program, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael W. Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Structural Biology Unit, St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Program, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James D. McFadyen
- Department of Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Program, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: James D. McFadyen,
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8
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McGuinness C, Walsh JC, Bayly-Jones C, Dunstone MA, Christie MP, Morton CJ, Parker MW, Böcking T. Single-molecule analysis of the entire perfringolysin O pore formation pathway. eLife 2022; 11:74901. [PMID: 36000711 PMCID: PMC9457685 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholesterol-dependent cytolysin perfringolysin O (PFO) is secreted by Clostridium perfringens as a bacterial virulence factor able to form giant ring-shaped pores that perforate and ultimately lyse mammalian cell membranes. To resolve the kinetics of all steps in the assembly pathway, we have used single-molecule fluorescence imaging to follow the dynamics of PFO on dye-loaded liposomes that lead to opening of a pore and release of the encapsulated dye. Formation of a long-lived membrane-bound PFO dimer nucleates the growth of an irreversible oligomer. The growing oligomer can insert into the membrane and open a pore at stoichiometries ranging from tetramers to full rings (~35 mers), whereby the rate of insertion increases linearly with the number of subunits. Oligomers that insert before the ring is complete continue to grow by monomer addition post insertion. Overall, our observations suggest that PFO membrane insertion is kinetically controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conall McGuinness
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - James C Walsh
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Charles Bayly-Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michelle A Dunstone
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michelle P Christie
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Craig J Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St Vincents Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Till Böcking
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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9
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Zeller J, Bogner B, McFadyen JD, Kiefer J, Braig D, Pietersz G, Krippner G, Nero TL, Morton CJ, Shing KSCT, Parker MW, Peter K, Eisenhardt SU. Transitional changes in the structure of C-reactive protein create highly pro-inflammatory molecules: Therapeutic implications for cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 235:108165. [PMID: 35247517 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is the prototypic acute-phase reactant that has long been recognized almost exclusively as a marker of inflammation and predictor of cardiovascular risk. However, accumulating evidence indicates that CRP is also a direct pathogenic pro-inflammatory mediator in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. The 'CRP system' consists of at least two protein conformations with distinct pathophysiological functions. The binding of the native, pentameric CRP (pCRP) to activated cell membranes leads to a conformational change resulting in two highly pro-inflammatory isoforms, pCRP* and monomeric CRP (mCRP). The deposition of these pro-inflammatory isoforms has been shown to aggravate the localized tissue injury in a broad range of pathological conditions including atherosclerosis and thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Here, we review recent findings on how these structural changes contribute to the inflammatory response and discuss the transitional changes in the structure of CRP as a novel therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases and overshooting inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zeller
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany; Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - B Bogner
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany
| | - J D McFadyen
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Kiefer
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany
| | - D Braig
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany; Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - G Pietersz
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - G Krippner
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - T L Nero
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - C J Morton
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - K S Cheung Tung Shing
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M W Parker
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.
| | - K Peter
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - S U Eisenhardt
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany.
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10
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Xie SC, Metcalfe RD, Dunn E, Morton CJ, Huang SC, Puhalovich T, Du Y, Wittlin S, Nie S, Luth MR, Ma L, Kim MS, Pasaje CFA, Kumpornsin K, Giannangelo C, Houghton FJ, Churchyard A, Famodimu MT, Barry DC, Gillett DL, Dey S, Kosasih CC, Newman W, Niles JC, Lee MC, Baum J, Ottilie S, Winzeler EA, Creek DJ, Williamson N, Parker MW, Brand SL, Langston SP, Dick LR, Griffin MD, Gould AE, Tilley L. Reaction hijacking of tyrosine tRNA synthetase as a new whole-of-life-cycle antimalarial strategy. Science 2022; 376:1074-1079. [PMID: 35653481 PMCID: PMC7613620 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn0611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Aminoacyl transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetases (aaRSs) are attractive drug targets, and we present class I and II aaRSs as previously unrecognized targets for adenosine 5'-monophosphate-mimicking nucleoside sulfamates. The target enzyme catalyzes the formation of an inhibitory amino acid-sulfamate conjugate through a reaction-hijacking mechanism. We identified adenosine 5'-sulfamate as a broad-specificity compound that hijacks a range of aaRSs and ML901 as a specific reagent a specific reagent that hijacks a single aaRS in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, namely tyrosine RS (PfYRS). ML901 exerts whole-life-cycle-killing activity with low nanomolar potency and single-dose efficacy in a mouse model of malaria. X-ray crystallographic studies of plasmodium and human YRSs reveal differential flexibility of a loop over the catalytic site that underpins differential susceptibility to reaction hijacking by ML901.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley C. Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Riley D. Metcalfe
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Elyse Dunn
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Craig J. Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Shih-Chung Huang
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Tanya Puhalovich
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Yawei Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4051 Basel, Switzerland,University of Basel, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shuai Nie
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Madeline R. Luth
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Liting Ma
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Mi-Sook Kim
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - Krittikorn Kumpornsin
- Parasites and Microbes Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Carlo Giannangelo
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Fiona J. Houghton
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Alisje Churchyard
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Daniel C. Barry
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - David L. Gillett
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sumanta Dey
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Clara C. Kosasih
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - William Newman
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Jacquin C. Niles
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Marcus C.S. Lee
- Parasites and Microbes Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Jake Baum
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sabine Ottilie
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Winzeler
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Darren J. Creek
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Nicholas Williamson
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Michael W. Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia,St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Stephen L. Brand
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, PO Box 1826, 20, Route de Pré-Bois, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Steven P. Langston
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Lawrence R. Dick
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia,Seofon Consulting, 30 Tucker Street, Natick, Massachusetts 01760, USA
| | - Michael D.W. Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Alexandra E. Gould
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA,For correspondence. Alexandra E. Gould, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA, (Chemistry) and Leann Tilley, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia. (Biology)
| | - Leann Tilley
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia,For correspondence. Alexandra E. Gould, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA, (Chemistry) and Leann Tilley, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia. (Biology)
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11
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Hermans SJ, Nero TL, Morton CJ, Gooi JH, Crespi GAN, Hancock NC, Gao C, Ishii K, Markulić J, Parker MW. Structural biology of cell surface receptors implicated in Alzheimer’s disease. Biophys Rev 2021; 14:233-255. [DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00903-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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12
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Johnstone BA, Lawrence SL, Morton CJ, Evans JC, Christie MP, Tweten RK, Parker MW. Two-component pore formation by the novel CDCL proteins ALY short and ALY long from Elizabethkingia anophelis. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2021. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767321092047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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13
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Abstract
A common form of cellular attack by pathogenic bacteria is to secrete pore-forming toxins (PFTs). Capable of forming transmembrane pores in various biological membranes, PFTs have also been identified in a diverse range of other organisms such as sea anemones, earthworms and even mushrooms and trees. The mechanism of pore formation by PFTs is associated with substantial conformational changes in going from the water-soluble to transmembrane states of the protein. The determination of the crystal structures for numerous PFTs has shed much light on our understanding of these proteins. Other than elucidating the atomic structural details of PFTs and the conformational changes that must occur for pore formation, crystal structures have revealed structural homology that has led to the discovery of new PFTs and new PFT families. Here we review some key crystallographic results together with complimentary approaches for studying PFTs. We discuss how these studies have impacted our understanding of PFT function and guided research into biotechnical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronte A Johnstone
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle P Christie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Craig J Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.
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14
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Patel SI, Combs D, Provencio-Dean N, Mashaqi S, Bhattacharjee S, Quan SF, Morton CJ, Wendel C, Parthasarathy S. 0717 Peer-intervention Can Reduce Health Disparities In Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
In patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is a major problem. Moreover, up to 20% of patients with suspected OSA who are referred to sleep study testing do not adhere to such diagnostic work-up. Although, peer-driven intervention with an interactive voice response system (PDI-IVR) can improve CPAP adherence, whether such an intervention can improve adherence to sleep study testing is unknown. Also, there remain health disparities with greater levels of CPAP nonadherence disproportionately affecting individuals of lower socioeconomic status. We aimed to determine whether PDI-IVR can improve adherence to sleep study testing and CPAP adherence in a lower income population.
Methods
We performed a prospective, randomized, parallel group, controlled trial wherein patients with suspected OSA were randomly assigned to receive PDI-IVR or provided with educational information regarding OSA and CPAP therapy (attention-control group) while both groups received usual care. The PDI-IVR interactions aimed at promoting adherence to sleep study testing and in patients diagnosed with OSA the peer-intervention was focused on improving CPAP adherence. In the PDI-IVR group, trained peers (peer-buddies) with OSA were paired with randomized patients over a 6-month period combined with an ability to meet in-person, email, text message, or phone an inter-disciplinary team of providers.
Results
In this pilot study, there were 63 patients (48.4 ± 12.5 years; 30 men) who were randomized to intervention (n=31) and attention-control (n=32) arms. There were 36 peer-buddies who mentored the patients in the intervention group. Intention to treat analysis revealed that failure to undergo sleep study testing was 15.6% of patients in the attention-control arm and 9.7% in the PDI-IVR arm (P=0.7). Per protocol analysis revealed that failure to undergo sleep study testing was 18.4% of patients in the attention-control arm and 4% in the PDI-IVR arm (P=0.13). At 6 months, CPAP adherence was greater in PDI-IVR arm (290 ± 45 min [SE]) than attention-control arm (181 ± 43 min; P=0.01).
Conclusion
In a lower income population, PDI-IVR improved CPAP adherence with a tendency for better adherence to sleep-study testing. Peer-intervention can reduce sleep health disparities.
Support
HL138377
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Patel
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - D Combs
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - N Provencio-Dean
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - S Mashaqi
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - S Bhattacharjee
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - S F Quan
- Harvard Medical School and UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - C J Morton
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - C Wendel
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - S Parthasarathy
- University of Arizona Health Sciences Center for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, Tucson, AZ
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15
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Berryhill S, Morton CJ, Dean A, Berryhill A, Provencio-Dean N, Patel SI, Estep L, Combs D, Mashaqi S, Gerald LB, Krishnan J, Parthasarathy S. 1209 Effect Of Wearables On Sleep In Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Cross-over Trial And Validation Study. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
To determine whether a wearable sleep-tracker improves perceived sleep quality in healthy subjects. To test whether wearables reliably measure sleep quantity and quality compared to polysomnography.
Methods
A single-center randomized cross-over trial of community-based participants without medical conditions or sleep disorders. Wearable device (WHOOP, Inc.) that provided feedback regarding sleep information to the participant for 1-week and maintaining sleep logs versus 1-week of maintaining sleep logs alone. Self-reported daily sleep behaviors were documented in sleep logs. Polysomnography was performed on one night when wearing the wearable. PROMIS Sleep disturbance sleep scale was measured at baseline, 7, and 14 days of study participation.
Results
In 32 participants (21 women; 23.8 + 5 years), wearables improved nighttime sleep quality (PROMIS sleep disturbance; B= -1.69; 95% Confidence Interval -3.11, -0.27; P=0.021) after adjusting for age, sex, baseline, and order effect. There was a small increase in self-reported daytime naps when wearing the device (B = 3.2; SE 1.4; P=0.023) but total daily sleep remained unchanged (P=0.43). The wearable had low bias (2.5 minutes) and low precision (5.6 minutes) errors for measuring sleep duration and measured dream sleep and slow wave sleep accurately (Intra-class coefficient 0.74 + 0.28 and 0.85 + 0.15, respectively). Bias and precision error for heart rate (bias -0.17%; precision 1.5%) and respiratory rate (bias 1.8%’ precision 6.7%) were very low when compared to that measured by electrocardiogram and inductance plethysmography during polysomnography.
Conclusion
In healthy people, wearables can improve sleep quality and accurately measure sleep and cardiorespiratory variables.
Support
WHOOP Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Berryhill
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, University of Arizona, AZ
| | - C J Morton
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, University of Arizona, AZ
| | - A Dean
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, University of Arizona, AZ
| | - A Berryhill
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, University of Arizona, AZ
| | - N Provencio-Dean
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, University of Arizona, AZ
| | - S I Patel
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, University of Arizona, AZ
| | - L Estep
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, University of Arizona, AZ
| | - D Combs
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - S Mashaqi
- UAHS Center for Sleep & Circadian Sciences; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; University of Arizona, University of Arizona, AZ
| | - L B Gerald
- Asthma and Airways Disease Research Center, Tucson, AZ
| | - J Krishnan
- Breathe Chicago Center and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, & Allergy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, Chicago, IL
| | - S Parthasarathy
- University of Arizona Health Sciences Center for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, University of Arizona, AZ
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16
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Metcalfe RD, Aizel K, Zlatic CO, Nguyen PM, Morton CJ, Lio DSS, Cheng HC, Dobson RCJ, Parker MW, Gooley PR, Putoczki TL, Griffin MDW. The structure of the extracellular domains of human interleukin 11α receptor reveals mechanisms of cytokine engagement. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:8285-8301. [PMID: 32332100 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL) 11 activates multiple intracellular signaling pathways by forming a complex with its cell surface α-receptor, IL-11Rα, and the β-subunit receptor, gp130. Dysregulated IL-11 signaling has been implicated in several diseases, including some cancers and fibrosis. Mutations in IL-11Rα that reduce signaling are also associated with hereditary cranial malformations. Here we present the first crystal structure of the extracellular domains of human IL-11Rα and a structure of human IL-11 that reveals previously unresolved detail. Disease-associated mutations in IL-11Rα are generally distal to putative ligand-binding sites. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that specific mutations destabilize IL-11Rα and may have indirect effects on the cytokine-binding region. We show that IL-11 and IL-11Rα form a 1:1 complex with nanomolar affinity and present a model of the complex. Our results suggest that the thermodynamic and structural mechanisms of complex formation between IL-11 and IL-11Rα differ substantially from those previously reported for similar cytokines. This work reveals key determinants of the engagement of IL-11 by IL-11Rα that may be exploited in the development of strategies to modulate formation of the IL-11-IL-11Rα complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley D Metcalfe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute
| | - Kaheina Aizel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute.,Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Courtney O Zlatic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute
| | - Paul M Nguyen
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Personalised Oncology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Craig J Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute
| | - Daisy Sio-Seng Lio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute.,Structural Biology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heung-Chin Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute
| | - Renwick C J Dobson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute.,Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Michael W Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute.,Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul R Gooley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute
| | - Tracy L Putoczki
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Personalised Oncology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology and Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael D W Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute
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17
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Adams JJ, Morton CJ, Parker MW. The Crystal Structure of the Manganese Superoxide Dismutase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus: Parker and Blake (1988) Revisited. Aust J Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/ch19346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an almost ubiquitous metalloenzyme in aerobic organisms that catalyses the disproportionation of superoxide. Geobacillus stearothermophilus MnSOD is the only published MnSOD structure that does not have its coordinates publicly available, yet it is one of the more cited structures in the SOD literature. The structure has now been refined with modern programs, yielding a significantly improved structure which has been deposited in the Protein Data Bank. Importantly, the further refined structure reveals the presence of a catalytically important fifth ligand, water, to the metal centre, as observed in other SOD structures.
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18
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Spackman PR, Yu L, Morton CJ, Parker MW, Bond CS, Spackman MA, Jayatilaka D, Thomas SP. Bridging Crystal Engineering and Drug Discovery by Utilizing Intermolecular Interactions and Molecular Shapes in Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Spackman
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
- School of Chemistry University of Southampton Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Li‐Juan Yu
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra Australia
| | - Craig J. Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Michael W. Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research Fitz-roy VIC 3065 Australia
| | - Charles S. Bond
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Mark A. Spackman
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Dylan Jayatilaka
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Sajesh P. Thomas
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
- Department of Chemistry and iNano Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
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19
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Spackman PR, Yu L, Morton CJ, Parker MW, Bond CS, Spackman MA, Jayatilaka D, Thomas SP. Bridging Crystal Engineering and Drug Discovery by Utilizing Intermolecular Interactions and Molecular Shapes in Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16780-16784. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Spackman
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
- School of Chemistry University of Southampton Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Li‐Juan Yu
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra Australia
| | - Craig J. Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Michael W. Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research Fitz-roy VIC 3065 Australia
| | - Charles S. Bond
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Mark A. Spackman
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Dylan Jayatilaka
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Sajesh P. Thomas
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
- Department of Chemistry and iNano Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
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20
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Xie SC, Metcalfe RD, Hanssen E, Yang T, Gillett DL, Leis AP, Morton CJ, Kuiper MJ, Parker MW, Spillman NJ, Wong W, Tsu C, Dick LR, Griffin MDW, Tilley L. The structure of the PA28-20S proteasome complex from Plasmodium falciparum and implications for proteostasis. Nat Microbiol 2019; 4:1990-2000. [PMID: 31384003 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-019-0524-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The activity of the proteasome 20S catalytic core is regulated by protein complexes that bind to one or both ends. The PA28 regulator stimulates 20S proteasome peptidase activity in vitro, but its role in vivo remains unclear. Here, we show that genetic deletion of the PA28 regulator from Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) renders malaria parasites more sensitive to the antimalarial drug dihydroartemisinin, indicating that PA28 may play a role in protection against proteotoxic stress. The crystal structure of PfPA28 reveals a bell-shaped molecule with an inner pore that has a strong segregation of charges. Small-angle X-ray scattering shows that disordered loops, which are not resolved in the crystal structure, extend from the PfPA28 heptamer and surround the pore. Using single particle cryo-electron microscopy, we solved the structure of Pf20S in complex with one and two regulatory PfPA28 caps at resolutions of 3.9 and 3.8 Å, respectively. PfPA28 binds Pf20S asymmetrically, strongly engaging subunits on only one side of the core. PfPA28 undergoes rigid body motions relative to Pf20S. Molecular dynamics simulations support conformational flexibility and a leaky interface. We propose lateral transfer of short peptides through the dynamic interface as a mechanism facilitating the release of proteasome degradation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley C Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Riley D Metcalfe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric Hanssen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Advanced Microscopy Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tuo Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David L Gillett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew P Leis
- Advanced Microscopy Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Craig J Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Michael W Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie J Spillman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wilson Wong
- Infection and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher Tsu
- Oncology Clinical R&D, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lawrence R Dick
- Oncology Clinical R&D, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael D W Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Leann Tilley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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21
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Chung S, Wang X, Fieremans E, Rath JF, Amorapanth P, Foo FYA, Morton CJ, Novikov DS, Flanagan SR, Lui YW. Altered Relationship between Working Memory and Brain Microstructure after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1438-1444. [PMID: 31371359 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Working memory impairment is one of the most troubling and persistent symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). Here we investigate how working memory deficits relate to detectable WM microstructural injuries to discover robust biomarkers that allow early identification of patients with MTBI at the highest risk of working memory impairment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multi-shell diffusion MR imaging was performed on a 3T scanner with 5 b-values. Diffusion metrics of fractional anisotropy, diffusivity and kurtosis (mean, radial, axial), and WM tract integrity were calculated. Auditory-verbal working memory was assessed using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 4th ed, subtests: 1) Digit Span including Forward, Backward, and Sequencing; and 2) Letter-Number Sequencing. We studied 19 patients with MTBI within 4 weeks of injury and 20 healthy controls. Tract-Based Spatial Statistics and ROI analyses were performed to reveal possible correlations between diffusion metrics and working memory performance, with age and sex as covariates. RESULTS ROI analysis found a significant positive correlation between axial kurtosis and Digit Span Backward in MTBI (Pearson r = 0.69, corrected P = .04), mainly present in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus, which was not observed in healthy controls. Patients with MTBI also appeared to lose the normal associations typically seen in fractional anisotropy and axonal water fraction with Letter-Number Sequencing. Tract-Based Spatial Statistics results also support our findings. CONCLUSIONS Differences between patients with MTBI and healthy controls with regard to the relationship between microstructure measures and working memory performance may relate to known axonal perturbations occurring after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chung
- From the Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research & Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (S.C., X.W., E.F., C.J.M., D.S.N., Y.W.L.)
| | - X Wang
- From the Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research & Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (S.C., X.W., E.F., C.J.M., D.S.N., Y.W.L.)
| | - E Fieremans
- From the Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research & Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (S.C., X.W., E.F., C.J.M., D.S.N., Y.W.L.)
| | - J F Rath
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine (J.F.R., P.A., S.R.F.), New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - P Amorapanth
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine (J.F.R., P.A., S.R.F.), New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - F-Y A Foo
- Department of Neurology (F.-Y.A.F.), New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - C J Morton
- From the Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research & Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (S.C., X.W., E.F., C.J.M., D.S.N., Y.W.L.)
| | - D S Novikov
- From the Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research & Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (S.C., X.W., E.F., C.J.M., D.S.N., Y.W.L.)
| | - S R Flanagan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine (J.F.R., P.A., S.R.F.), New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Y W Lui
- From the Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research & Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (S.C., X.W., E.F., C.J.M., D.S.N., Y.W.L.)
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22
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Metcalfe RD, Xie SC, Hanssen E, Yang T, Gillett DL, Leis A, Morton CJ, Kuiper MJ, Parker MW, Spillman NJ, Wong W, Tsu C, Dick LR, Griffin MDW, Tilley L. The structure of the Plasmodium falciparum 20S proteasome in complex with the PA28 activator. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2019. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767319098817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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23
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Morton CJ, Sani MA, Parker MW, Separovic F. Cholesterol-Dependent Cytolysins: Membrane and Protein Structural Requirements for Pore Formation. Chem Rev 2019; 119:7721-7736. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Craig J. Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Marc-Antoine Sani
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Michael W. Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Frances Separovic
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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24
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Hanson AL, Morton CJ, Parker MW, Bessette D, Kenna TJ. The genetics, structure and function of the M1 aminopeptidase oxytocinase subfamily and their therapeutic potential in immune-mediated disease. Hum Immunol 2019; 80:281-289. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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25
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Christie MP, Johnstone BA, Tweten RK, Parker MW, Morton CJ. Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins: from water-soluble state to membrane pore. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:1337-1348. [PMID: 30117093 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-018-0448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are a family of bacterial toxins that are important virulence factors for a number of pathogenic Gram-positive bacterial species. CDCs are secreted as soluble, stable monomeric proteins that bind specifically to cholesterol-rich cell membranes, where they assemble into well-defined ring-shaped complexes of around 40 monomers. The complex then undergoes a concerted structural change, driving a large pore through the membrane, potentially lysing the target cell. Understanding the details of this process as the protein transitions from a discrete monomer to a complex, membrane-spanning protein machine is an ongoing challenge. While many of the details have been revealed, there are still questions that remain unanswered. In this review, we present an overview of some of the key features of the structure and function of the CDCs, including the structure of the secreted monomers, the process of interaction with target membranes, and the transition from bound monomers to complete pores. Future directions in CDC research and the potential of CDCs as research tools will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle P Christie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Bronte A Johnstone
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Rodney K Tweten
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Michael W Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia.
| | - Craig J Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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26
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Conway AJ, Brown FC, Hortle EJ, Burgio G, Foote SJ, Morton CJ, Jane SM, Curtis DJ. Bone marrow transplantation corrects haemolytic anaemia in a novel ENU mutagenesis mouse model of TPI deficiency. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm.034678. [PMID: 29720471 PMCID: PMC5992613 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.034678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we performed a genome-wide N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis screen in mice to identify novel genes or alleles that regulate erythropoiesis. Here, we describe a recessive mouse strain, called RBC19, harbouring a point mutation within the housekeeping gene, Tpi1, which encodes the glycolysis enzyme, triosephosphate isomerase (TPI). A serine in place of a phenylalanine at amino acid 57 severely diminishes enzyme activity in red blood cells and other tissues, resulting in a macrocytic haemolytic phenotype in homozygous mice, which closely resembles human TPI deficiency. A rescue study was performed using bone marrow transplantation of wild-type donor cells, which restored all haematological parameters and increased red blood cell enzyme function to wild-type levels after 7 weeks. This is the first study performed in a mammalian model of TPI deficiency, demonstrating that the haematological phenotype can be rescued. Summary: In a novel ENU mutagenesis mouse model of TPI deficiency, bone marrow transplantation was conducted to demonstrate that haemolytic and red blood cell glycolytic defects can be effectively rescued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee J Conway
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Fiona C Brown
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Elinor J Hortle
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia
| | - Gaetan Burgio
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia
| | - Simon J Foote
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia
| | - Craig J Morton
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy 3065, Australia
| | | | - David J Curtis
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia .,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
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Hanson AL, Cuddihy T, Haynes K, Loo D, Morton CJ, Oppermann U, Leo P, Thomas GP, Lê Cao KA, Kenna TJ, Brown MA. Genetic Variants in ERAP1 and ERAP2 Associated With Immune-Mediated Diseases Influence Protein Expression and the Isoform Profile. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 70:255-265. [PMID: 29108111 DOI: 10.1002/art.40369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP-1) and ERAP-2, encoded on chromosome 5q15, trim endogenous peptides for HLA-mediated presentation to the immune system. Polymorphisms in ERAP1 and/or ERAP2 are strongly associated with several immune-mediated diseases with specific HLA backgrounds, implicating altered peptide handling and presentation as prerequisites for autoreactivity against an arthritogenic peptide. Given the thorough characterization of disease risk-associated polymorphisms that alter ERAP activity, this study aimed instead to interrogate the expression effect of chromosome 5q15 polymorphisms to determine their effect on ERAP isoform and protein expression. METHODS RNA sequencing and genotyping across chromosome 5q15 were performed to detect genetic variants in ERAP1 and ERAP2 associated with altered total gene and isoform-specific expression. The functional implication of a putative messenger RNA splice-altering variant on ERAP-1 protein levels was validated using mass spectrometry. RESULTS Polymorphisms associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) significantly influenced the transcript and protein expression of ERAP-1 and ERAP-2. Disease risk-associated polymorphisms in and around both genes were also associated with increased gene expression. Furthermore, key risk-associated ERAP1 variants were associated with altered transcript splicing, leading to allele-dependent alternate expression of 2 distinct isoforms and significant differences in the type of ERAP-1 protein produced. CONCLUSION In accordance with studies demonstrating that polymorphisms that increase aminopeptidase activity predispose to immune disease, the increased risk also attributed to increased expression of ERAP1 and ERAP2 supports the notion of using aminopeptidase inhibition to treat AS and other ERAP-associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee L Hanson
- University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thomas Cuddihy
- University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katelin Haynes
- University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dorothy Loo
- University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Craig J Morton
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Paul Leo
- Queensland University of Technology and Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gethin P Thomas
- University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kim-Anh Lê Cao
- University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tony J Kenna
- Queensland University of Technology and Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthew A Brown
- Queensland University of Technology and Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Parker LJ, Bocedi A, Ascher DB, Aitken JB, Harris HH, Lo Bello M, Ricci G, Morton CJ, Parker MW. Glutathione transferase P1-1 as an arsenic drug-sequestering enzyme. Protein Sci 2016; 26:317-326. [PMID: 27863446 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic-based compounds are paradoxically both poisons and drugs. Glutathione transferase (GSTP1-1) is a major factor in resistance to such drugs. Here we describe using crystallography, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, mutagenesis, mass spectrometry, and kinetic studies how GSTP1-1 recognizes the drug phenylarsine oxide (PAO). In conditions of cellular stress where glutathione (GSH) levels are low, PAO crosslinks C47 to C101 of the opposing monomer, a distance of 19.9 Å, and causes a dramatic widening of the dimer interface by approximately 10 Å. The GSH conjugate of PAO, which forms rapidly in cancerous cells, is a potent inhibitor (Ki = 90 nM) and binds as a di-GSH complex in the active site forming part of a continuous network of interactions from one active site to the other. In summary, GSTP1-1 can detoxify arsenic-based drugs by sequestration at the active site and at the dimer interface, in situations where there is a plentiful supply of GSH, and at the reactive cysteines in conditions of low GSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorien J Parker
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Alessio Bocedi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - David B Ascher
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
| | - Jade B Aitken
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Hugh H Harris
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Mario Lo Bello
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ricci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Craig J Morton
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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29
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Lawrence SL, Gorman MA, Feil SC, Mulhern TD, Kuiper MJ, Ratner AJ, Tweten RK, Morton CJ, Parker MW. Structural Basis for Receptor Recognition by the Human CD59-Responsive Cholesterol-Dependent Cytolysins. Structure 2016; 24:1488-98. [PMID: 27499440 PMCID: PMC5320943 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are a family of pore-forming toxins that punch holes in the outer membrane of eukaryotic cells. Cholesterol serves as the receptor, but a subclass of CDCs first binds to human CD59. Here we describe the crystal structures of vaginolysin and intermedilysin complexed to CD59. These studies, together with small-angle X-ray scattering, reveal that CD59 binds to each at different, though overlapping, sites, consistent with molecular dynamics simulations and binding studies. The CDC consensus undecapeptide motif, which for the CD59-responsive CDCs has a proline instead of a tryptophan in the motif, adopts a strikingly different conformation between the structures; our data suggest that the proline acts as a selectivity switch to ensure CD59-dependent CDCs bind their protein receptor first in preference to cholesterol. The structural data suggest a detailed model of how these water-soluble toxins assemble as prepores on the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara L Lawrence
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Michael A Gorman
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Susanne C Feil
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Terrence D Mulhern
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Michael J Kuiper
- Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Adam J Ratner
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Rodney K Tweten
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma, Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Craig J Morton
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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30
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McMahon RM, Coinçon M, Tay S, Heras B, Morton CJ, Scanlon MJ, Martin JL. Sent packing: protein engineering generates a new crystal form of Pseudomonas aeruginosa DsbA1 with increased catalytic surface accessibility. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 2015; 71:2386-95. [PMID: 26627647 PMCID: PMC4667283 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004715018519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen for which new antimicrobial drug options are urgently sought. P. aeruginosa disulfide-bond protein A1 (PaDsbA1) plays a pivotal role in catalyzing the oxidative folding of multiple virulence proteins and as such holds great promise as a drug target. As part of a fragment-based lead discovery approach to PaDsbA1 inhibitor development, the identification of a crystal form of PaDsbA1 that was more suitable for fragment-soaking experiments was sought. A previously identified crystallization condition for this protein was unsuitable, as in this crystal form of PaDsbA1 the active-site surface loops are engaged in the crystal packing, occluding access to the target site. A single residue involved in crystal-packing interactions was substituted with an amino acid commonly found at this position in closely related enzymes, and this variant was successfully used to generate a new crystal form of PaDsbA1 in which the active-site surface is more accessible for soaking experiments. The PaDsbA1 variant displays identical redox character and in vitro activity to wild-type PaDsbA1 and is structurally highly similar. Two crystal structures of the PaDsbA1 variant were determined in complex with small molecules bound to the protein active site. These small molecules (MES, glycerol and ethylene glycol) were derived from the crystallization or cryoprotectant solutions and provide a proof of principle that the reported crystal form will be amenable to co-crystallization and soaking with small molecules designed to target the protein active-site surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roisin M. McMahon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Mathieu Coinçon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Stephanie Tay
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Begoña Heras
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Craig J. Morton
- Biota Holdings Limited, Unit 10, 585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Martin J. Scanlon
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jennifer L. Martin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Kuiper MJ, Morton CJ, Abraham SE, Gray-Weale A. The biological function of an insect antifreeze protein simulated by molecular dynamics. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 25951514 PMCID: PMC4442126 DOI: 10.7554/elife.05142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) protect certain cold-adapted organisms from freezing to death by selectively adsorbing to internal ice crystals and inhibiting ice propagation. The molecular details of AFP adsorption-inhibition is uncertain but is proposed to involve the Gibbs–Thomson effect. Here we show by using unbiased molecular dynamics simulations a protein structure-function mechanism for the spruce budworm Choristoneura fumiferana AFP, including stereo-specific binding and consequential melting and freezing inhibition. The protein binds indirectly to the prism ice face through a linear array of ordered water molecules that are structurally distinct from the ice. Mutation of the ice binding surface disrupts water-ordering and abolishes activity. The adsorption is virtually irreversible, and we confirm the ice growth inhibition is consistent with the Gibbs–Thomson law. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.05142.001 Water expands as it freezes. If this happens to the water inside plants and animals, the resulting ice crystals can rupture cells. To prevent this, many plants and animals that live in cold climates have evolved ‘antifreeze proteins’. When a small particle of ice first starts to form, the antifreeze proteins bind to it and prevent the water around it freezing, hence preventing the growth of an ice crystal. There are many different types of antifreeze protein, and some are more active than others. For example, some insects including the spruce budworm are exposed to extremely cold temperatures—sometimes below −30°C—and these insects have antifreeze proteins that are highly active. It is not fully understood how different antifreeze proteins interact with ice and prevent the growth of ice crystals. This is largely because, as yet, there are no experimental techniques that make it possible to see how antifreeze proteins and water molecules arrange themselves at the surface of a growing particle of ice. Instead, scientists have developed computer simulations to investigate this process. While many of these studies have provided valuable information, the computational methods used have only recently become powerful enough to analyze how the antifreeze proteins approach the surface of the ice particle. Kuiper et al. carried out simulations involving a highly active antifreeze protein from the spruce budworm. The results of these simulations revealed that this antifreeze protein does not bind directly to ice; instead, water molecules at the surface of the protein act as a bridge between the protein and the ice. These water molecules are highly ordered and though they have similarities with how water is structured in the ice, they are distinct from the ice lattice itself. Furthermore, this arrangement appears to be important for allowing the spruce budworm antifreeze protein to interact with the ice. This study provides detailed insights as to how a highly active antifreeze protein helps to prevent ice crystals forming. In the future, the computational simulations used here may be extended to study the dynamics of other antifreeze proteins, and also how crystals of other materials form. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.05142.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Kuiper
- Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
| | - Craig J Morton
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Sneha E Abraham
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Angus Gray-Weale
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Bond S, Draffan AG, Fenner JE, Lambert J, Lim CY, Lin B, Luttick A, Mitchell JP, Morton CJ, Nearn RH, Sanford V, Anderson KH, Mayes PA, Tucker SP. 1,2,3,9b-Tetrahydro-5H-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones as a new class of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion inhibitors. Part 2: Identification of BTA9881 as a preclinical candidate. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:976-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Bond S, Draffan AG, Fenner JE, Lambert J, Lim CY, Lin B, Luttick A, Mitchell JP, Morton CJ, Nearn RH, Sanford V, Stanislawski PC, Tucker SP. The discovery of 1,2,3,9b-tetrahydro-5H-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones as a new class of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion inhibitors. Part 1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:969-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hermans SJ, Ascher DB, Hancock NC, Holien JK, Michell BJ, Chai SY, Morton CJ, Parker MW. Crystal structure of human insulin-regulated aminopeptidase with specificity for cyclic peptides. Protein Sci 2014; 24:190-9. [PMID: 25408552 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP or oxytocinase) is a membrane-bound zinc-metallopeptidase that cleaves neuroactive peptides in the brain and produces memory enhancing effects when inhibited. We have determined the crystal structure of human IRAP revealing a closed, four domain arrangement with a large, mostly buried cavity abutting the active site. The structure reveals that the GAMEN exopeptidase loop adopts a very different conformation from other aminopeptidases, thus explaining IRAP's unique specificity for cyclic peptides such as oxytocin and vasopressin. Computational docking of a series of IRAP-specific cognitive enhancers into the crystal structure provides a molecular basis for their structure-activity relationships and demonstrates that the structure will be a powerful tool in the development of new classes of cognitive enhancers for treating a variety of memory disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan J Hermans
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Melbourne, Victoria, 3065, Australia
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35
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Remnant EJ, Morton CJ, Daborn PJ, Lumb C, Yang YT, Ng HL, Parker MW, Batterham P. The role of Rdl in resistance to phenylpyrazoles in Drosophila melanogaster. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 54:11-21. [PMID: 25193377 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Extensive use of older generation insecticides may result in pre-existing cross-resistance to new chemical classes acting at the same target site. Phenylpyrazole insecticides block inhibitory neurotransmission in insects via their action on ligand-gated chloride channels (LGCCs). Phenylpyrazoles are broad-spectrum insecticides widely used in agriculture and domestic pest control. So far, all identified cases of target site resistance to phenylpyrazoles are based on mutations in the Rdl (Resistance to dieldrin) LGCC subunit, the major target site for cyclodiene insecticides. We examined the role that mutations in Rdl have on phenylpyrazole resistance in Drosophila melanogaster, exploring naturally occurring variation, and generating predicted resistance mutations by mutagenesis. Natural variation at the Rdl locus in inbred strains of D. melanogaster included gene duplication, and a line containing two Rdl mutations found in a highly resistant line of Drosophila simulans. These mutations had a moderate impact on survival following exposure to two phenylpyrazoles, fipronil and pyriprole. Homology modelling suggested that the Rdl chloride channel pore contains key residues for binding fipronil and pyriprole. Mutagenesis of these sites and assessment of resistance in vivo in transgenic lines showed that amino acid identity at the Ala(301) site influenced resistance levels, with glycine showing greater survival than serine replacement. We confirm that point mutations at the Rdl 301 site provide moderate resistance to phenylpyrazoles in D. melanogaster. We also emphasize the beneficial aspects of testing predicted mutations in a whole organism to validate a candidate gene approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Remnant
- Department of Genetics and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Craig J Morton
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3056, Australia
| | - Phillip J Daborn
- Department of Genetics and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Christopher Lumb
- Department of Genetics and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ying Ting Yang
- Department of Genetics and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Hooi Ling Ng
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3056, Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3056, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Philip Batterham
- Department of Genetics and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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36
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Draffan AG, Frey B, Fraser BH, Pool B, Gannon C, Tyndall EM, Cianci J, Harding M, Lilly M, Hufton R, Halim R, Jahangiri S, Bond S, Jeynes TP, Nguyen VTT, Wirth V, Luttick A, Tilmanis D, Pryor M, Porter K, Morton CJ, Lin B, Duan J, Bethell RC, Kukolj G, Simoneau B, Tucker SP. Derivatives of imidazotriazine and pyrrolotriazine C-nucleosides as potential new anti-HCV agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4984-8. [PMID: 25288185 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous investigations identified 2'-C-Me-branched ribo-C-nucleoside adenosine analogues, 1, which contains a pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4-amine heterocyclic base, and 2, which contains an imidazo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4-amine heterocyclic base as two compounds with promising anti-HCV in vitro activity. This Letter describes the synthesis and evaluation of a series of novel analogues of these compounds substituted at the 2-, 7-, and 8-positions of the heterocyclic bases. A number of active new HCV inhibitors were identified but most compounds also demonstrated unacceptable cytotoxicity. However, the 7-fluoro analogue of 1 displayed good potency with a promising cytotherapeutic margin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair G Draffan
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Barbara Frey
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Benjamin H Fraser
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Brett Pool
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Carlie Gannon
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Edward M Tyndall
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Julia Cianci
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Michael Harding
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Michael Lilly
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Richard Hufton
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Rosliana Halim
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Saba Jahangiri
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Silas Bond
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Tyrone P Jeynes
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Van T T Nguyen
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Veronika Wirth
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Angela Luttick
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Danielle Tilmanis
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Melinda Pryor
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Kate Porter
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Craig J Morton
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Bo Lin
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Jianmin Duan
- Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd, Research and Development, 2100 rue Cunard, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Richard C Bethell
- Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd, Research and Development, 2100 rue Cunard, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - George Kukolj
- Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd, Research and Development, 2100 rue Cunard, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Bruno Simoneau
- Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd, Research and Development, 2100 rue Cunard, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Simon P Tucker
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd, 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
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Draffan AG, Frey B, Pool B, Gannon C, Tyndall EM, Lilly M, Francom P, Hufton R, Halim R, Jahangiri S, Bond S, Nguyen VTT, Jeynes TP, Wirth V, Luttick A, Tilmanis D, Thomas JD, Pryor M, Porter K, Morton CJ, Lin B, Duan J, Kukolj G, Simoneau B, McKercher G, Lagacé L, Amad M, Bethell RC, Tucker SP. Discovery and Synthesis of C-Nucleosides as Potential New Anti-HCV Agents. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:679-84. [PMID: 24944743 DOI: 10.1021/ml500077j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleoside analogues have long been recognized as prospects for the discovery of direct acting antivirals (DAAs) to treat hepatitis C virus because they have generally exhibited cross-genotype activity and a high barrier to resistance. C-Nucleosides have the potential for improved metabolism and pharmacokinetic properties over their N-nucleoside counterparts due to the presence of a strong carbon-carbon glycosidic bond and a non-natural heterocyclic base. Three 2'CMe-C-adenosine analogues and two 2'CMe-guanosine analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-HCV efficacy. The nucleotide triphosphates of four of these analogues were found to inhibit the NS5B polymerase, and adenosine analogue 1 was discovered to have excellent pharmacokinetic properties demonstrating the potential of this drug class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair G. Draffan
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Barbara Frey
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Brett Pool
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Carlie Gannon
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Edward M. Tyndall
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Michael Lilly
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Paula Francom
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Richard Hufton
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Rosliana Halim
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Saba Jahangiri
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Silas Bond
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Van T. T. Nguyen
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Tyrone P. Jeynes
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Veronika Wirth
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Angela Luttick
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Danielle Tilmanis
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Jesse D. Thomas
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Melinda Pryor
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Kate Porter
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Craig J. Morton
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Bo Lin
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Jianmin Duan
- Research
and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 rue Cunard, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - George Kukolj
- Research
and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 rue Cunard, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Bruno Simoneau
- Research
and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 rue Cunard, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Ginette McKercher
- Research
and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 rue Cunard, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Lisette Lagacé
- Research
and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 rue Cunard, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Ma’an Amad
- Research
and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 rue Cunard, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Richard C. Bethell
- Research
and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 rue Cunard, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Simon P. Tucker
- Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria 3168, Australia
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Brooks AJ, Dai W, O'Mara ML, Abankwa D, Chhabra Y, Pelekanos RA, Gardon O, Tunny KA, Blucher KM, Morton CJ, Parker MW, Sierecki E, Gambin Y, Gomez GA, Alexandrov K, Wilson IA, Doxastakis M, Mark AE, Waters MJ. Mechanism of activation of protein kinase JAK2 by the growth hormone receptor. Science 2014; 344:1249783. [PMID: 24833397 DOI: 10.1126/science.1249783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Signaling from JAK (Janus kinase) protein kinases to STAT (signal transducers and activators of transcription) transcription factors is key to many aspects of biology and medicine, yet the mechanism by which cytokine receptors initiate signaling is enigmatic. We present a complete mechanistic model for activation of receptor-bound JAK2, based on an archetypal cytokine receptor, the growth hormone receptor. For this, we used fluorescence resonance energy transfer to monitor positioning of the JAK2 binding motif in the receptor dimer, substitution of the receptor extracellular domains with Jun zippers to control the position of its transmembrane (TM) helices, atomistic modeling of TM helix movements, and docking of the crystal structures of the JAK2 kinase and its inhibitory pseudokinase domain with an opposing kinase-pseudokinase domain pair. Activation of the receptor dimer induced a separation of its JAK2 binding motifs, driven by a ligand-induced transition from a parallel TM helix pair to a left-handed crossover arrangement. This separation leads to removal of the pseudokinase domain from the kinase domain of the partner JAK2 and pairing of the two kinase domains, facilitating trans-activation. This model may well generalize to other class I cytokine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Brooks
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Megan L O'Mara
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Daniel Abankwa
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yash Chhabra
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Rebecca A Pelekanos
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Olivier Gardon
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kathryn A Tunny
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kristopher M Blucher
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Craig J Morton
- Biota Structural Biology Laboratory and Australian Cancer Research Foundation (ACRF) Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- Biota Structural Biology Laboratory and Australian Cancer Research Foundation (ACRF) Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Emma Sierecki
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yann Gambin
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Guillermo A Gomez
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kirill Alexandrov
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Manolis Doxastakis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Alan E Mark
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia. The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Michael J Waters
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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39
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Ascher DB, Wielens J, Nero TL, Doughty L, Morton CJ, Parker MW. Potent hepatitis C inhibitors bind directly to NS5A and reduce its affinity for RNA. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4765. [PMID: 24755925 PMCID: PMC3996483 DOI: 10.1038/srep04765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects more than 170 million people. The high genetic variability of HCV and the rapid development of drug-resistant strains are driving the urgent search for new direct-acting antiviral agents. A new class of agents has recently been developed that are believed to target the HCV protein NS5A although precisely where they interact and how they affect function is unknown. Here we describe an in vitro assay based on microscale thermophoresis and demonstrate that two clinically relevant inhibitors bind tightly to NS5A domain 1 and inhibit RNA binding. Conversely, RNA binding inhibits compound binding. The compounds bind more weakly to known resistance mutants L31V and Y93H. The compounds do not affect NS5A dimerisation. We propose that current NS5A inhibitors act by favouring a dimeric structure of NS5A that does not bind RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B. Ascher
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre and Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3056, Australia
| | - Jerome Wielens
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre and Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3056, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Tracy L. Nero
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre and Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3056, Australia
| | - Larissa Doughty
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre and Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3056, Australia
| | - Craig J. Morton
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre and Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3056, Australia
| | - Michael W. Parker
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre and Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3056, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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40
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Abstract
Historically, targeting protein-protein interactions with small molecules was not thought possible because the corresponding interfaces were considered mostly flat and featureless and therefore 'undruggable'. Instead, such interactions were targeted with larger molecules, such as peptides and antibodies. However, the past decade has seen encouraging breakthroughs through the refinement of existing techniques and the development of new ones, together with the identification and exploitation of unexpected aspects of protein-protein interaction surfaces. In this Review, we describe some of the latest techniques to discover modulators of protein-protein interactions and how current drug discovery approaches have been adapted to successfully target these interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L Nero
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre and Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Craig J Morton
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre and Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Jessica K Holien
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre and Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Jerome Wielens
- 1] Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre and Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia. [2] Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- 1] Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre and Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia. [2] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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41
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Feil SC, Holien JK, Morton CJ, Hancock NC, Thompson PE, Parker MW. Discovery of Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors: Serendipity and Rational Drug Design. Aust J Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/ch14397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), the primary cyclic AMP-hydrolysing enzyme in cells, is a promising drug target for a wide range of mental disorders including Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases, schizophrenia, and depression, plus a range of inflammatory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis. However, targeting PDE4 is complicated by the fact that the enzyme is encoded by four very closely related genes, together with 20 distinct isoforms as a result of mRNA splicing, and inhibition of some of these isoforms leads to intolerable side effects in clinical trials. With almost identical active sites between the isoforms, X-ray crystallography has played a critical role in the discovery and development of safer PDE4 inhibitors. Here we describe our discovery of a novel class of highly potent PDE4 via a ‘virtuous’ cycle of structure-based drug design and serendipity.
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Abstract
The design of a suitable library is an essential prerequisite to establish a fragment-based screening capability. Several pharmaceutical companies have described their approaches to establishing fragment libraries; however there are few detailed reports of both design and analysis of performance for a fragment library maintained in an academic setting. Here we report our efforts towards the design of a fragment library for nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based screening, demonstrate the performance of the library through analysis of 14 screens, and present a comparison to previously reported fragment libraries.
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43
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Feil SC, Hamilton S, Krippner GY, Lin B, Luttick A, McConnell DB, Nearn R, Parker MW, Ryan J, Stanislawski PC, Tucker SP, Watson KG, Morton CJ. An Orally Available 3-Ethoxybenzisoxazole Capsid Binder with Clinical Activity against Human Rhinovirus. ACS Med Chem Lett 2012; 3:303-7. [PMID: 24900468 DOI: 10.1021/ml2002955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory infections caused by human rhinovirus are responsible for severe exacerbations of underlying clinical conditions such as asthma in addition to their economic cost in terms of lost working days due to illness. While several antiviral compounds for treating rhinoviral infections have been discovered, none have succeeded, to date, in reaching approval for clinical use. We have developed a potent, orally available rhinovirus inhibitor 6 that has progressed through early clinical trials. The compound shows favorable pharmacokinetic and activity profiles and has a confirmed mechanism of action through crystallographic studies of a rhinovirus-compound complex. The compound has now progressed to phase IIb clinical studies of its effect on natural rhinovirus infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne C. Feil
- Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy,
Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Stephanie Hamilton
- Biota Holdings Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria
3168, Australia
| | - Guy Y. Krippner
- Biota Holdings Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria
3168, Australia
| | - Bo Lin
- Biota Holdings Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria
3168, Australia
| | - Angela Luttick
- Biota Holdings Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria
3168, Australia
| | - Darryl B. McConnell
- Biota Holdings Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria
3168, Australia
| | - Roland Nearn
- Biota Holdings Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria
3168, Australia
| | - Michael W. Parker
- Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy,
Victoria 3065, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville,
Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jane Ryan
- Biota Holdings Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria
3168, Australia
| | | | - Simon P. Tucker
- Biota Holdings Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria
3168, Australia
| | - Keith G. Watson
- Biota Holdings Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria
3168, Australia
| | - Craig J. Morton
- Biota Holdings Ltd., 10/585 Blackburn Road, Notting Hill, Victoria
3168, Australia
- Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy,
Victoria 3065, Australia
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44
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Nankervis JL, Feil SC, Hancock NC, Zheng Z, Ng HL, Morton CJ, Holien JK, Ho PW, Frazzetto MM, Jennings IG, Manallack DT, John Martin T, Thompson PE, Parker MW. Thiophene inhibitors of PDE4: Crystal structures show a second binding mode at the catalytic domain of PDE4D2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:7089-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.09.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Parker LJ, Italiano LC, Morton CJ, Hancock NC, Ascher DB, Aitken JB, Harris HH, Campomanes P, Rothlisberger U, De Luca A, Lo Bello M, Ang WH, Dyson PJ, Parker MW. Cover Picture: Studies of Glutathione Transferase P1‐1 Bound to a Platinum(IV)‐Based Anticancer Compound Reveal the Molecular Basis of Its Activation (Chem. Eur. J. 28/2011). Chemistry 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201190140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorien J. Parker
- Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 3‐9416‐2676
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010 (Australia)
| | - Louis C. Italiano
- Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 3‐9416‐2676
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010 (Australia)
| | - Craig J. Morton
- Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 3‐9416‐2676
| | - Nancy C. Hancock
- Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 3‐9416‐2676
| | - David B. Ascher
- Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 3‐9416‐2676
| | - Jade B. Aitken
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006 (Australia)
| | - Hugh H. Harris
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005 (Australia)
| | - Pablo Campomanes
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne (Switzerland)
| | - Ursula Rothlisberger
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne (Switzerland)
| | - Anastasia De Luca
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome 00133 (Italy)
| | - Mario Lo Bello
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome 00133 (Italy)
| | - Wee Han Ang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543 (Singapore)
| | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne (Switzerland)
| | - Michael W. Parker
- Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 3‐9416‐2676
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010 (Australia)
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Parker LJ, Italiano LC, Morton CJ, Hancock NC, Ascher DB, Aitken JB, Harris HH, Campomanes P, Rothlisberger U, De Luca A, Lo Bello M, Ang WH, Dyson PJ, Parker MW. Studies of glutathione transferase P1-1 bound to a platinum(IV)-based anticancer compound reveal the molecular basis of its activation. Chemistry 2011; 17:7806-16. [PMID: 21681839 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Platinum-based cancer drugs, such as cisplatin, are highly effective chemotherapeutic agents used extensively for the treatment of solid tumors. However, their effectiveness is limited by drug resistance, which, in some cancers, has been associated with an overexpression of pi class glutathione S-transferase (GST P1-1), an important enzyme in the mercapturic acid detoxification pathway. Ethacraplatin (EA-CPT), a trans-Pt(IV) carboxylate complex containing ethacrynate ligands, was designed as a platinum cancer metallodrug that could also target cytosolic GST enzymes. We previously reported that EA-CPT was an excellent inhibitor of GST activity in live mammalian cells compared to either cisplatin or ethacrynic acid. In order to understand the nature of the drug-protein interactions between EA-CPT and GST P1-1, and to obtain mechanistic insights at a molecular level, structural and biochemical investigations were carried out, supported by molecular modeling analysis using quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical methods. The results suggest that EA-CPT preferentially docks at the dimer interface at GST P1-1 and subsequent interaction with the enzyme resulted in docking of the ethacrynate ligands at both active sites (in the H-sites), with the Pt moiety remaining bound at the dimer interface. The activation of the inhibitor by its target enzyme and covalent binding accounts for the strong and irreversible inhibition of enzymatic activity by the platinum complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorien J Parker
- Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
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Ascher DB, Cromer BA, Morton CJ, Volitakis I, Cherny RA, Albiston AL, Chai SY, Parker MW. Regulation of insulin-regulated membrane aminopeptidase activity by its C-terminal domain. Biochemistry 2011; 50:2611-22. [PMID: 21348480 DOI: 10.1021/bi101893w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of inhibitors of insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP), a membrane-bound zinc metallopeptidase, is a promising approach for the discovery of drugs for the treatment of memory loss such as that associated with Alzheimer's disease. There is, however, no consensus in the literature about the mechanism by which inhibition occurs. Sequence alignments, secondary structure predictions, and homology models based on the structures of recently determined related metallopeptidases suggest that the extracellular region consists of four domains. Partial proteolysis and mass spectrometry reported here confirm some of the domain boundaries. We have produced purified recombinant fragments of human IRAP on the basis of these data and examined their kinetic and biochemical properties. Full-length extracellular constructs assemble as dimers with different nonoverlapping fragments dimerizing as well, suggesting an extended dimer interface. Only recombinant fragments containing domains 1 and 2 possess aminopeptidase activity and bind the radiolabeled hexapeptide inhibitor, angiotensin IV (Ang IV). However, fragments lacking domains 3 and 4 possess reduced activity, although they still bind a range of inhibitors with the same affinity as longer fragments. In the presence of Ang IV, IRAP is resistant to proteolysis, suggesting significant conformational changes occur upon binding of the inhibitor. We show that IRAP has a second Zn(2+) binding site, not associated with the catalytic region, which is lost upon binding Ang IV. Modulation of activity caused by domains 3 and 4 is consistent with a conformational change regulating access to the active site of IRAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Ascher
- Centre for Structural Neurobiology and Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
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Albiston AL, Pham V, Ye S, Ng L, Lew RA, Thompson PE, Holien JK, Morton CJ, Parker MW, Chai SY. Phenylalanine-544 plays a key role in substrate and inhibitor binding by providing a hydrophobic packing point at the active site of insulin-regulated aminopeptidase. Mol Pharmacol 2010; 78:600-7. [PMID: 20628006 DOI: 10.1124/mol.110.065458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) improve memory and are being developed as a novel treatment for memory loss. In this study, the binding of a class of these inhibitors to human IRAP was investigated using molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis. Four benzopyran-based IRAP inhibitors with different affinities were docked into a homology model of the catalytic site of IRAP. Two 4-pyridinyl derivatives orient with the benzopyran oxygen interacting with the Zn(2+) ion and a direct parallel ring-stack interaction between the benzopyran rings and Phe544. In contrast, the two 4-quinolinyl derivatives orient in a different manner, interacting with the Zn(2+) ion via the quinoline nitrogen, and Phe544 contributes an edge-face hydrophobic stacking point with the benzopyran moiety. Mutagenic replacement of Phe544 with alanine, isoleucine, or valine resulted in either complete loss of catalytic activity or altered hydrolysis velocity that was substrate-dependent. Phe544 is also important for inhibitor binding, because these mutations altered the K(i) in some cases, and docking of the inhibitors into the corresponding Phe544 mutant models revealed how the interaction might be disturbed. These findings demonstrate a key role of Phe544 in the binding of the benzopyran IRAP inhibitors and for optimal positioning of enzyme substrates during catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L Albiston
- Howard Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Low WY, Feil SC, Ng HL, Gorman MA, Morton CJ, Pyke J, McConville MJ, Bieri M, Mok YF, Robin C, Gooley PR, Parker MW, Batterham P. Recognition and detoxification of the insecticide DDT by Drosophila melanogaster glutathione S-transferase D1. J Mol Biol 2010; 399:358-66. [PMID: 20417639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2010.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2009] [Revised: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
GSTD1 is one of several insect glutathione S-transferases capable of metabolizing the insecticide DDT. Here we use crystallography and NMR to elucidate the binding of DDT and glutathione to GSTD1. The crystal structure of Drosophila melanogaster GSTD1 has been determined to 1.1 A resolution, which reveals that the enzyme adopts the canonical GST fold but with a partially occluded active site caused by the packing of a C-terminal helix against one wall of the binding site for substrates. This helix would need to unwind or be displaced to enable catalysis. When the C-terminal helix is removed from the model of the crystal structure, DDT can be computationally docked into the active site in an orientation favoring catalysis. Two-dimensional (1)H,(15)N heteronuclear single-quantum coherence NMR experiments of GSTD1 indicate that conformational changes occur upon glutathione and DDT binding and the residues that broaden upon DDT binding support the predicted binding site. We also show that the ancestral GSTD1 is likely to have possessed DDT dehydrochlorinase activity because both GSTD1 from D. melanogaster and its sibling species, Drosophila simulans, have this activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Yee Low
- Department of Genetics, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Quesada-Soriano I, Parker LJ, Primavera A, Casas-Solvas JM, Vargas-Berenguel A, Barón C, Morton CJ, Mazzetti AP, Lo Bello M, Parker MW, García-Fuentes L. Influence of the H-site residue 108 on human glutathione transferase P1-1 ligand binding: structure-thermodynamic relationships and thermal stability. Protein Sci 2010; 18:2454-70. [PMID: 19780048 DOI: 10.1002/pro.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the Y108V mutation of human glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (hGST P1-1) on the binding of the diuretic drug ethacrynic acid (EA) and its glutathione conjugate (EASG) was investigated by calorimetric, spectrofluorimetric, and crystallographic studies. The mutation Tyr 108 --> Val resulted in a 3D-structure very similar to the wild type (wt) enzyme, where both the hydrophobic ligand binding site (H-site) and glutathione binding site (G-site) are unchanged except for the mutation itself. However, due to a slight increase in the hydrophobicity of the H-site, as a consequence of the mutation, an increase in the entropy was observed. The Y108V mutation does not affect the affinity of EASG for the enzyme, which has a higher affinity (K(d) approximately 0.5 microM) when compared with those of the parent compounds, K(d) (EA) approximately 13 microM, K(d) (GSH) approximately 25 microM. The EA moiety of the conjugate binds in the H-site of Y108V mutant in a fashion completely different to those observed in the crystal structures of the EA or EASG wt complex structures. We further demonstrate that the Delta C(p) values of binding can also be correlated with the potential stacking interactions between ligand and residues located in the binding sites as predicted from crystal structures. Moreover, the mutation does not significantly affect the global stability of the enzyme. Our results demonstrate that calorimetric measurements maybe useful in determining the preference of binding (the binding mode) for a drug to a specific site of the enzyme, even in the absence of structural information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indalecio Quesada-Soriano
- Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Almería, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain
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