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Deckert A, Anders S, Morales I, De Allegri M, Nguyen HT, Souares A, McMahon S, Meurer M, Burk R, Lou D, Brugnara L, Sand M, Koeppel L, Maier-Hein L, Ross T, Adler TJ, Brenner S, Dyer C, Herbst K, Ovchinnikova S, Marx M, Schnitzler P, Knop M, Bärnighausen T, Denkinger CM. Correction: Comparison of Four Active SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance Strategies in Representative Population Sample Points: Two-Factor Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e57203. [PMID: 38364221 PMCID: PMC10907930 DOI: 10.2196/57203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/44204.].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Anders
- Center for Molecular Biology HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | - Ivonne Morales
- Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Robin Burk
- Center for Molecular Biology HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | - Dan Lou
- Center for Molecular Biology HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | - Lucia Brugnara
- evaplan GmbH at the University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | - Matthias Sand
- GESIS Leibniz-Institute for the Social SciencesMannheimGermany
| | - Lisa Koeppel
- Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | - Lena Maier-Hein
- Division of Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, German Cancer Research CentreHeidelbergGermany
| | - Tobias Ross
- Division of Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, German Cancer Research CentreHeidelbergGermany
| | - Tim J Adler
- Division of Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, German Cancer Research CentreHeidelbergGermany
| | | | | | - Konrad Herbst
- Center for Molecular Biology HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | | | - Michael Marx
- evaplan GmbH at the University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | - Paul Schnitzler
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | - Michael Knop
- Center for Molecular Biology HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | | | - Claudia M Denkinger
- Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
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Lou D, Jia Q, Zhang H, Wang J, Liu L, Liu Z, Jia X, Wang J, Shan C. MiR-5189-3p Suppresses cell Proliferation, Invasion and Migration Through Targeting EIF5A2 in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biochem Genet 2023:10.1007/s10528-023-10489-4. [PMID: 37656330 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10489-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that miR-5189-3p plays a critical role in multiple diseases. This study aimed to investigate the function of miR-5189-3p in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and explore its underlying mechanisms. qRT-PCR was designed to determine the expression levels of miR-5189-3p and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A2 (EIF5A2), while CCK-8 assay was performed to measure the effects of miR-5189-3p on cell proliferation. Transwell assay was performed to evaluate cell invasion as well as migration, and wound healing assay was applied to demonstrate cell migratory ability. Target gene prediction and luciferase reporter assay were developed to screen the possible target gene of miR-5189-3p, and Western blot was designed to measure EIF5A2 protein expression. MiR-5189-3p was down-regulated in LSCC tissues and cell lines. Up-regulation of miR-5189-3p notably inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in HEP2 and FADU cells. EIF5A2 was the potential downstream gene of miR-5189-3p, and overexpression of miR-5189-3p apparently reduced EIF5A2 expression. Moreover, reintroduction of EIF5A2 rescued the tumor suppressive effects of miR-5189-3p. MiR-5189-3p functions as a tumor inhibitor in LSCC progression via directly regulating EIF5A2 and may be a potential therapeutic target for LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066000, Hebei, China
| | - Qiaojing Jia
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Haizhong Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Jingmiao Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Lisha Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Zhichang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaofang Jia
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Jianxing Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
| | - Chunguang Shan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
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Deckert A, Anders S, Morales I, De Allegri M, Nguyen HT, Souares A, McMahon S, Meurer M, Burk R, Lou D, Brugnara L, Sand M, Koeppel L, Maier-Hein L, Ross T, Adler TJ, Brenner S, Dyer C, Herbst K, Ovchinnikova S, Marx M, Schnitzler P, Knop M, Bärnighausen T, Denkinger CM. Comparison of Four Active SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance Strategies in Representative Population Sample Points: Two-Factor Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e44204. [PMID: 37235704 PMCID: PMC10437130 DOI: 10.2196/44204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic is characterized by rapid increases in infection burden owing to the emergence of new variants with higher transmissibility and immune escape. To date, monitoring the COVID-19 pandemic has mainly relied on passive surveillance, yielding biased epidemiological measures owing to the disproportionate number of undetected asymptomatic cases. Active surveillance could provide accurate estimates of the true prevalence to forecast the evolution of the pandemic, enabling evidence-based decision-making. OBJECTIVE This study compared 4 different approaches of active SARS-CoV-2 surveillance focusing on feasibility and epidemiological outcomes. METHODS A 2-factor factorial randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2020 in a German district with 700,000 inhabitants. The epidemiological outcome comprised SARS-CoV-2 prevalence and its precision. The 4 study arms combined 2 factors: individuals versus households and direct testing versus testing conditioned on symptom prescreening. Individuals aged ≥7 years were eligible. Altogether, 27,908 addresses from 51 municipalities were randomly allocated to the arms and 15 consecutive recruitment weekdays. Data collection and logistics were highly digitized, and a website in 5 languages enabled low-barrier registration and tracking of results. Gargle sample collection kits were sent by post. Participants collected a gargle sample at home and mailed it to the laboratory. Samples were analyzed with reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP); positive and weak results were confirmed with real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS Recruitment was conducted between November 18 and December 11, 2020. The response rates in the 4 arms varied between 34.31% (2340/6821) and 41.17% (2043/4962). The prescreening classified 16.61% (1207/7266) of the patients as COVID-19 symptomatic. Altogether, 4232 persons without prescreening and 7623 participating in the prescreening provided 5351 gargle samples, of which 5319 (99.4%) could be analyzed. This yielded 17 confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections and a combined prevalence of 0.36% (95% CI 0.14%-0.59%) in the arms without prescreening and 0.05% (95% CI 0.00%-0.108%) in the arms with prescreening (initial contacts only). Specifically, we found a prevalence of 0.31% (95% CI 0.06%-0.58%) for individuals and 0.35% (95% CI 0.09%-0.61%) for households, and lower estimates with prescreening (0.07%, 95% CI 0.0%-0.15% for individuals and 0.02%, 95% CI 0.0%-0.06% for households). Asymptomatic infections occurred in 27% (3/11) of the positive cases with symptom data. The 2 arms without prescreening performed the best regarding effectiveness and accuracy. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that postal mailing of gargle sample kits and returning home-based self-collected liquid gargle samples followed by high-sensitivity RT-LAMP analysis is a feasible way to conduct active SARS-CoV-2 population surveillance without burdening routine diagnostic testing. Efforts to improve participation rates and integration into the public health system may increase the potential to monitor the course of the pandemic. TRIAL REGISTRATION Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien (DRKS) DRKS00023271; https://tinyurl.com/3xenz68a. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s13063-021-05619-5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Anders
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ivonne Morales
- Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Hoa Thi Nguyen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Matthias Meurer
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robin Burk
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dan Lou
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucia Brugnara
- evaplan GmbH at the University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Sand
- GESIS Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lisa Koeppel
- Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lena Maier-Hein
- Division of Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Ross
- Division of Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim J Adler
- Division of Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Konrad Herbst
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Michael Marx
- evaplan GmbH at the University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul Schnitzler
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Knop
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Claudia M Denkinger
- Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Lou D, Meurer M, Ovchinnikova S, Burk R, Denzler A, Herbst K, Papaioannou IA, Duan Y, Jacobs ML, Witte V, Ürge D, Kirrmaier D, Krogemann M, Gubicza K, Boerner K, Bundschuh C, Weidner NM, Merle U, Knorr B, Welker A, Denkinger CM, Schnitzler P, Kräusslich HG, Dao Thi VL, De Allegri M, Nguyen HT, Deckert A, Anders S, Knop M. Scalable RT-LAMP-based SARS-CoV-2 testing for infection surveillance with applications in pandemic preparedness. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57162. [PMID: 36951170 PMCID: PMC10157315 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, limited diagnostic capacities prevented sentinel testing, demonstrating the need for novel testing infrastructures. Here, we describe the setup of a cost-effective platform that can be employed in a high-throughput manner, which allows surveillance testing as an acute pandemic control and preparedness tool, exemplified by SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics in an academic environment. The strategy involves self-sampling based on gargling saline, pseudonymized sample handling, automated RNA extraction, and viral RNA detection using a semiquantitative multiplexed colorimetric reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay with an analytical sensitivity comparable with RT-qPCR. We provide standard operating procedures and an integrated software solution for all workflows, including sample logistics, analysis by colorimetry or sequencing, and communication of results. We evaluated factors affecting the viral load and the stability of gargling samples as well as the diagnostic sensitivity of the RT-LAMP assay. In parallel, we estimated the economic costs of setting up and running the test station. We performed > 35,000 tests, with an average turnover time of < 6 h from sample arrival to result announcement. Altogether, our work provides a blueprint for fast, sensitive, scalable, cost- and labor-efficient RT-LAMP diagnostics, which is independent of potentially limiting clinical diagnostics supply chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lou
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Meurer
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Svetlana Ovchinnikova
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Bioquant Center, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robin Burk
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Denzler
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Konrad Herbst
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Yuanqiang Duan
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Max L Jacobs
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Victoria Witte
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Ürge
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kirrmaier
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michelle Krogemann
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Krisztina Gubicza
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kathleen Boerner
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Bundschuh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niklas M Weidner
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uta Merle
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Britta Knorr
- Landratsamt Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, Gesundheitsamt, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Welker
- Landratsamt Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, Gesundheitsamt, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia M Denkinger
- Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul Schnitzler
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Kräusslich
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Viet Loan Dao Thi
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Heidelberg, Germany
- Schaller Research Groups, Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuela De Allegri
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hoa Thi Nguyen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Deckert
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Anders
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Bioquant Center, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Knop
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Qiao LM, Zhang H, Liu W, Lou D. Therapeutic effect and metabolomics mechanism of Patrinia Villosa (Thunb.) juss on liver injury in rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1058587. [PMID: 36339542 PMCID: PMC9633866 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1058587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Patrinia villosa (Thunb.) Juss (P.V) is widely used in the treatment of chronic diseases, such as appendicitis, enteritis and gynecological inflammation. Modern research indicated that the herb has pharmacological effect on liver injury caused by inflammation, but the metabolomics mechanism is not clear. For the purpose of discovering the therapeutic effect and metabolomic mechanism of P.V on liver injury, 40 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into normal group, model group, and P.V groups (0.98, 1.97, and 2.96 g/kg). The model group and P.V groups were injected intraperitoneally with 40% CCl4 (v/v, olive oil) to establish liver injury model. After administration of P.V for seven consecutive days. Therapeutic effect of P.V on liver injury rats were analyzed. P.V could decrease serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels of liver injury rats as a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the model group, the pathological analysis of liver tissue of P.V groups exhibit significant decrease tendency of hepatic tissue structure destruction, cytoplasmic vacuolation, cellular swelling, and inflammatory cell infiltration as a dose-dependent manner. 82 endogenous metabolites in rat serum and liver were analyzed by Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). 14 metabolites in serum and 26 metabolites in liver were significantly different between the P.V group (2.96 g/kg) and the model group. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that the main pathway including alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and TCA cycle were significantly altered. It is suggested that P.V can alleviate CCl4 induced liver injury, and its effect on metabolites may be an important mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Man Qiao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Liu, ; Dan Lou,
| | - Dan Lou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Liu, ; Dan Lou,
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Huang M, Lou D, Charli A, Kong D, Jin H, Zenitsky G, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy A, Wang Z, Kanthasamy AG. Mitochondrial dysfunction-induced H3K27 hyperacetylation perturbs enhancers in Parkinson's disease. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e138088. [PMID: 34494552 PMCID: PMC8492320 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major pathophysiological contributor to the progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD); however, whether it contributes to epigenetic dysregulation remains unknown. Here, we show that both chemically and genetically driven mitochondrial dysfunctions share a common mechanism of epigenetic dysregulation. Under both scenarios, lysine 27 acetylation of likely variant H3.3 (H3.3K27ac) increased in dopaminergic neuronal models of PD, thereby opening that region to active enhancer activity via H3K27ac. These vulnerable epigenomic loci represent potential transcription factor motifs for PD pathogenesis. We further confirmed that mitochondrial dysfunction induces H3K27ac in ex vivo and in vivo (MitoPark) neurodegenerative models of PD. Notably, the significantly increased H3K27ac in postmortem PD brains highlights the clinical relevance to the human PD population. Our results reveal an exciting mitochondrial dysfunction-metabolism-H3K27ac-transcriptome axis for PD pathogenesis. Collectively, the mechanistic insights link mitochondrial dysfunction to epigenetic dysregulation in dopaminergic degeneration and offer potential new epigenetic intervention strategies for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhong Huang
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Dan Lou
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenomes, Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adhithiya Charli
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Dehui Kong
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenomes, Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huajun Jin
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Gary Zenitsky
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenomes, Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
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Abstract
Aim: To investigate whether brassicasterol has inhibitory effects against adenovirus (AdV). Materials & methods: The antiviral effects of brassicasterol against AdV 3 and 7 were tested in human airway epithelial cells. Brassicasterol cytotoxicity was assessed by WST-1 assay. AdV DNA was quantified by qPCR. Results: Brassicasterol inhibited AdV 3 and 7 infection of airway epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, brassicasterol also inhibited AdV 3 and 7 production in infected cells. No apparent cytotoxicity of brassicasterol was detected. Further study showed that brassicasterol inhibited AdV DNA replication, but had no impact on viral entry of cells and viral genome import to nucleus. Conclusion: Brassicasterol exerts anti-AdV effects probably through the inhibition of viral DNA replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifeng Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhuji, 311800, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Lou
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhuji, 311800, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifeng Qi
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, People's Republic of China
| | - Zewei Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
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8
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Abstract
Objective This study examined the role of agrin in the development of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Methods Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of target genes. The correlation between agrin expression and prognosis was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis were examined in CCA cells and tissues using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, cell cycle analysis, transwell migration assay, and nude mouse tumorigenicity assay in vivo, respectively. Results Agrin expression was significantly upregulated in CCA tissues compared with that in adjacent non-tumor tissues, and agrin expression was correlated with poorer tumor characteristics such as portal vein tumor thrombus, intrahepatic metastasis, and worse survival. Forced agrin expression in CCA cells apparently promoted proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle progression, but agrin depletion had the opposite effects. Furthermore, agrin-depleted CCA cells developed fewer and smaller tumors than control cells in vivo. Mechanistic analyses indicated that agrin activated the Hippo signaling pathway and induced the translocation of YAP to the nucleus. Conclusions Agrin promoted CCA progression by activating the Hippo signaling pathway, suggesting its promise as a target for CCA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei He
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Junxue Tu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sha-Sha Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dan Lou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Binglong Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
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9
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Geng T, Lu F, Wu H, Lou D, Tu N, Zhu F, Wang S. Target antifungal peptides of immune signalling pathways in silkworm, Bombyx mori, against Beauveria bassiana. Insect Mol Biol 2021; 30:102-112. [PMID: 33150694 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Antifungal innate immunity is an important defence used by insects against entomogenous fungi. However, the downstream target antifungal peptides of different immune signalling pathways are unknown. We found that the Toll, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (Jak/STAT) and Immunodeficiency (IMD) signalling pathways in the silkworm, Bombyx mori, can be activated by Beauveria bassiana. Inhibition of the Toll, IMD and Jak/STAT signalling pathways reduced the antifungal activities of silkworm haemolymph. We verified the target antifungal peptides of different immune signalling pathways. The expression patterns of five anti-fungal peptide genes in silkworm larvae and BmN cells were detected after blocking or over-expressing the immune signalling pathways. The Toll signalling pathways mediated the expression of Bmcecropin A, Bmattacin 1 and Bmgloverin 2; IMD signalling pathways mediated Bmenbocin 1, Bmgloverin 2 and Bmattacin 1; Jak/STAT signalling pathways mediated Bmstorage protein 30K-19G1 (Bmsp 1), Bmattacin 1 and Bmcecropin A. These data indicated that anti-microbial peptide genes in B. mori evolved through expansion and selection of existing genes to adapt to the challenge of invasive microorganisms such as fungi. This information provides insight into the antifungal immune responses in B. mori and aids understanding of insect immune regulation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Geng
- Institute of Environment and Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - F Lu
- Institute of Environment and Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - H Wu
- Institute of Environment and Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - D Lou
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - N Tu
- College of Tropical Crop, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - F Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, China
| | - S Wang
- Institute of Environment and Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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10
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Deckert A, Anders S, de Allegri M, Nguyen HT, Souares A, McMahon S, Boerner K, Meurer M, Herbst K, Sand M, Koeppel L, Siems T, Brugnara L, Brenner S, Burk R, Lou D, Kirrmaier D, Duan Y, Ovchinnikova S, Marx M, Kräusslich HG, Knop M, Bärnighausen T, Denkinger C. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of four different strategies for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in the general population (CoV-Surv Study): a structured summary of a study protocol for a cluster-randomised, two-factorial controlled trial. Trials 2021; 22:39. [PMID: 33419461 PMCID: PMC7791150 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04982-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this cluster-randomised controlled study (CoV-Surv Study), four different “active” SARS-CoV-2 testing strategies for general population surveillance are evaluated for their effectiveness in determining and predicting the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in a given population. In addition, the costs and cost-effectiveness of the four surveillance strategies will be assessed. Further, this trial is supplemented by a qualitative component to determine the acceptability of each strategy. Findings will inform the choice of the most effective, acceptable and affordable strategy for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance, with the most effective and cost-effective strategy becoming part of the local public health department’s current routine health surveillance activities. Investigating its everyday performance will allow us to examine the strategy’s applicability to real time prevalence prediction and the usefulness of the resulting information for local policy makers to implement countermeasures that effectively prevent future nationwide lockdowns. The authors would like to emphasize the importance and relevance of this study and its expected findings in the context of population-based disease surveillance, especially in respect to the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In Germany, but also in many other countries, COVID-19 surveillance has so far largely relied on passive surveillance strategies that identify individuals with clinical symptoms, monitor those cases who then tested positive for the virus, followed by tracing of individuals in close contact to those positive cases. To achieve higher effectiveness in population surveillance and to reliably predict the course of an outbreak, screening and monitoring of infected individuals without major symptoms (about 40% of the population) will be necessary. While current testing capacities are also used to identify such asymptomatic cases, this rather passive approach is not suitable in generating reliable population-based estimates of the prevalence of asymptomatic carriers to allow any dependable predictions on the course of the pandemic. To better control and manage the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, current strategies therefore need to be complemented by an active surveillance of the wider population, i.e. routinely conducted testing and monitoring activities to identify and isolate infected individuals regardless of their clinical symptoms. Such active surveillance strategies will enable more effective prevention of the spread of the virus as they can generate more precise population-based parameters during a pandemic. This essential information will be required in order to determine the best strategic and targeted short-term countermeasures to limit infection spread locally. Trial design This trial implements a cluster-randomised, two-factorial controlled, prospective, interventional, single-blinded design with four study arms, each representing a different SARS-CoV-2 testing and surveillance strategy. Participants Eligible are individuals age 7 years or older living in Germany’s Rhein-Neckar Region who consent to provide a saliva sample (all four arms) after completion of a brief questionnaire (two arms only). For the qualitative component, different samples of study participants and non-participants (i.e. eligible for study, but refuse to participate) will be identified for additional interviews. For these interviews, only individuals age 18 years or older are eligible. Intervention and comparator Of the four surveillance strategies to be assessed and compared, Strategy A1 is considered the gold standard for prevalence estimation and used to determine bias in other arms. To determine the cost-effectiveness, each strategy is compared to status quo, defined as the currently practiced passive surveillance approach. Strategy A1: Individuals (one per household) receive information and study material by mail with instructions on how to produce a saliva sample and how to return the sample by mail. Once received by the laboratory, the sample is tested for SARS-CoV-2 using Reverse Transcription Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP). Strategy A2: Individuals (one per household) receive information and study material by mail with instructions on how to produce their own as well as saliva samples from each household member and how to return these samples by mail. Once received by the laboratory, the samples are tested for SARS-CoV-2 using RT-LAMP. Strategy B1: Individuals (one per household) receive information by mail on how to complete a brief pre-screening questionnaire which asks about COVID-19 related clinical symptoms and risk exposures. Only individuals whose pre-screening score crosses a defined threshold, will then receive additional study material by mail with instructions on how to produce a saliva sample and how to return the sample by mail. Once received by the laboratory, the saliva sample is tested for SARS-CoV-2 using RT-LAMP. Strategy B2: Individuals (one per household) receive information by mail on how to complete a brief pre-screening questionnaire which asks about COVID-19 related clinical symptoms. Only individuals whose pre-screening score crosses a defined threshold, will then receive additional study material by mail with instructions how to produce their own as well as saliva samples from each household member and how to return these samples by mail. Once received by the laboratory, the samples are tested for SARS-CoV-2 using RT-LAMP. In each strategy, RT-LAMP positive samples are additionally analyzed with qPCR in order to minimize the number of false positives. Main outcomes The identification of the one best strategy will be determined by a set of parameters. Primary outcomes include costs per correctly screened person, costs per positive case, positive detection rate, and precision of positive detection rate. Secondary outcomes include participation rate, costs per asymptomatic case, prevalence estimates, number of asymptomatic cases per study arm, ratio of symptomatic to asymptomatic cases per study arm, participant satisfaction. Additional study components (not part of the trial) include cost effectiveness of each of the four surveillance strategies compared to passive monitoring (i.e. status quo), development of a prognostic model to predict hospital utilization caused by SARS-CoV-2, time from test shipment to test application and time from test shipment to test result, and perception and preferences of the persons to be tested with regard to test strategies. Randomisation Samples are drawn in three batches of three continuous weeks. Randomisation follows a two-stage process. First, a total of 220 sampling points have been allocated to the three different batches. To obtain an integer solution, the Cox-algorithm for controlled rounding has been used. Afterwards, sample points have been drawn separately per batch, following a probability proportional to size (PPS) random sample. Second, for each cluster the same number of residential addresses is randomly sampled from the municipal registries (self-weighted sample of individuals). The 28,125 addresses drawn per municipality are then randomly allocated to the four study arms A1, A2, B1, and B2 in the ratio 5 to 2.5 to 14 to 7 based on the expected response rates in each arm and the sensitivity and specificity of the pre-screening tool as applied in strategy B1 and B2. Based on the assumptions, this allocation should yield 2500 saliva samples in each strategy. Although a municipality can be sampled by multiple batches and the overall number of addresses per municipality might vary, the number of addresses contacted in each arm is kept constant. Blinding (masking) The design is single-blinded, meaning the staff conducting the SARS-CoV-2 tests are unaware of the study arm assignment of each single participant and test sample. Sample sizes Total sample size for the trial is 10,000 saliva samples equally allocated to the four study arms (i.e. 2,500 participants per arm). For the qualitative component, up to 60 in-depth interviews will be conducted with about 30 study participants (up to 15 in each arm A and B) and 30 participation refusers (up to 15 in each arm A and B) purposefully selected from the quantitative study sample to represent a variety of gender and ages to explore experiences with admission or rejection of study participation. Up to 25 asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 positive study participants will be purposefully selected to explore the way in which asymptomatic men and women diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 give meaning to their diagnosis and to the dialectic between feeling concurrently healthy and yet also being at risk for transmitting COVID-19. In addition, 100 randomly selected study participants will be included to explore participants’ perspective on testing processes and implementation. Trial Status Final protocol version is “Surveillance_Studienprotokoll_03Nov2020_v1_2” from November 3, 2020. Recruitment started November 18, 2020 and is expected to end by or before December 31, 2020. Trial registration The trial is currently being registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien), DRKS00023271 (https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial. HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00023271). Retrospectively registered 30 November 2020. Full protocol The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Deckert
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Simon Anders
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg (ZMBH), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuela de Allegri
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.1, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hoa Thi Nguyen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 365, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aurélia Souares
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.1, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shannon McMahon
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.1, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kathleen Boerner
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Meurer
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg (ZMBH), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Konrad Herbst
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg (ZMBH), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Sand
- GESIS Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences, B2/1, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lisa Koeppel
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Siems
- Institute for Applied Mathematics, University of Heidelberg, Berliner Str. 41-49, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucia Brugnara
- evaplan GmbH, University of Heidelberg, Ringstr.19b, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Brenner
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.1, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robin Burk
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg (ZMBH), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dan Lou
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg (ZMBH), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kirrmaier
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg (ZMBH), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yuanqiang Duan
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg (ZMBH), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Svetlana Ovchinnikova
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg (ZMBH), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Marx
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health/evaplan GmbH, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.1, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans Georg Kräusslich
- Center for Integrative Infectious Disease Research (CIID), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 344, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Knop
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg (ZMBH), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Till Bärnighausen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.1, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Denkinger
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Lou D, Lou Z, Lin Y, Shangguan H, Lin Y, Luo Q, Zhang H, Lin G, Chen R, Kou L, Bao S. ATB 0,+-targeted delivery of triptolide prodrugs for safer and more effective pancreatic cancer therapy. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 33:127728. [PMID: 33346010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Triptolide (TP) is a diterpene epoxide component extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii and has been shown to possess an impressive anticancer effect. However, TP has not yet entered any clinic trials due to the severe adverse effects that resulted from the off-target absorption and distribution found in animal studies. In this study, we designed and synthesized three amino acids (tryptophan, valine, and lysine) based TP prodrugs to target ATB0,+ which are highly expressed in pancreatic cancer cells for more effective pancreatic cancer therapy. The stability, uptake profiles, uptake mechanism, and cancer-killing ability were studied in vitro. All three prodrugs showed increased uptake and enhanced cytotoxicity in pancreatic cancer cells, but not in normal pancreatic cells. The difference in killing effect on normal and cancer cells was attributed to pancreatic cancer over-expressed ATB0,+-mediated uptake. Specifically, tryptophan-conjugated TP prodrug (TP-Trp) showed the highest uptake and the best cancer cell killing effect, considered as the best candidate. The present study provided the proof-of-concept of exploiting TP prodrug to target ATB0,+ for pancreatic cancer-selective delivery and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Zijian Lou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou 325027, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yuanzhen Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou 325027, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Hao Shangguan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou 325027, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yujie Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou 325027, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Qiuhua Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou 325027, China; Department of Children's Respiration Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Guangyong Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Ruijie Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Longfa Kou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou 325027, China.
| | - Shihui Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou 325027, China.
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12
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Lou D, Liu XC, Wang XJ, Gao SQ, Wen GB, Lin YW. The importance of Asn52 in the structure-function relationship of human cytochrome c. RSC Adv 2020; 10:44768-44772. [PMID: 35516242 PMCID: PMC9058552 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09961a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of the highly conserved residue Asn52 in human cytochrome c (H-Cyt c) is not fully understood. Herein, we show that the naturally occurring variant N52S H-Cyt c has a perturbed secondary structure, with a small fraction of high-spin species. Remarkably, it exhibits an enhanced peroxidase activity by 3-8-fold at neutral pH, as well as self-oxidation in reaction with H2O2. This study suggests that the H-bond network mediated by Asn52 is essential to suppress the apoptotic activity of H-Cyt c under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Xi-Chun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Xiao-Juan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Shu-Qin Gao
- Laboratory of Protein Structure and Function, University of South China Medical School Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Ge-Bo Wen
- Laboratory of Protein Structure and Function, University of South China Medical School Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Ying-Wu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China Hengyang 421001 China .,Laboratory of Protein Structure and Function, University of South China Medical School Hengyang 421001 China
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13
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Lou D, Hou Z, Yang H, Liu Y, Wang T. Antifouling Membranes Prepared from Polyethersulfone Grafted with Poly(ethylene glycol) Methacrylate by Radiation-Induced Copolymerization in Homogeneous Solution. ACS Omega 2020; 5:27094-27102. [PMID: 33134669 PMCID: PMC7594002 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To synthesize evenly grafted copolymers, gamma radiation of homogeneous solutions was employed to graft poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PEGMA) onto polyethersulfone (PES). The grafting was verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the degrees of grafting (DGs) were determined by elementary analysis. The PES-g-polyPEGMA copolymers with different DGs were obtained by changing the monomer concentration. Membranes were cast from pristine PES, PES/PEG blends, and PES-g-polyPEGMA with different DGs, respectively, via nonsolvent-induced phase separation. Results from water contact angle measurements and scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated that increasing DGs led to PES-g-polyPEGMA membranes with increasing hydrophilicity and porousness. Filtration experimental results showed that increasing DGs without adding pore-forming agents caused PES-g-polyPEGMA membranes with higher permeability. Compared with PES/PEG membranes with analogous permeation characteristics, in which PEG is added as a pore-forming agent, PES-g-polyPEGMA membranes exhibited superior antifouling properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lou
- Department
of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University (SHU), Shanghai 200444, China
- Shanghai
Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Zhengchi Hou
- Shanghai
Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- Shanghai
Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, 239 Zhangheng
Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Haijun Yang
- Shanghai
Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- Shanghai
Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, 239 Zhangheng
Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Yinfeng Liu
- Department
of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University (SHU), Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Shanghai
Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
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14
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Lou D, Wei X, Xiao P, Huo Q, Hong X, Sun J, Shuai Y, Tao G. Demethylation of the NRF2 Promoter Protects Against Carcinogenesis Induced by Nano-SiO 2. Front Genet 2020; 11:818. [PMID: 32849814 PMCID: PMC7399247 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano silicon dioxide (Nano-SiO2) has been widely used in industries such as the field of biomedical engineering. Despite the existing evidence that Nano-SiO2 exposure could induce oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in multiple organ systems, the carcinogenicity of Nano-SiO2 exposure has rarely been investigated. Thus in this study, two types of human bronchial epithelial cell lines (16HBE and BEAS-2B) were selected as in vitro models to investigate the carcinogenicity of Nano-SiO2. Our results revealed that Nano-SiO2 induces a malignant cellular transformation in human bronchial epithelial cells according to the soft agar colony formation assay. The carcinogenesis induced by Nano-SiO2 was also confirmed in nude mice. By using immunofluorescence assay and high-performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE), we observed a genome-wide DNA hypomethylation induced by Nano-SiO2. Besides the reduced enzyme activity of total DNMTs upon Nano-SiO2 treatment, altered expression of DNMTs and methyl-CpG binding proteins were observed. Besides, we found that the expression of NRF2 was activated by demethylation of CpG islands within the NRF2 promoter region and the overexpression of NRF2 could alleviate the carcinogenesis induced by Nano-SiO2. Taken together, our results suggested that Nano-SiO2 induces malignant cellular transformation with a global DNA hypomethylation, and the demethylation of NRF2 promoter activates the expression of NRF2, which plays an important role in protecting against the carcinogenesis induced by Nano-SiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lou
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, China.,Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xiaoyi Wei
- Department of Food Science, Shanghai Business School, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Huo
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Hong
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingqiu Sun
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Shuai
- Syngenta (China) Investment Company Limited, Shanghai, China
| | - Gonghua Tao
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, China
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15
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Ding Y, Li N, Lou D, Zhang Q, Chang G, Li J, Li X, Li Q, Huang X, Wang J, Jiang F, Wang X. Clinical and genetic analysis in a Chinese cohort of children and adolescents with diabetes/persistent hyperglycemia. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 12:48-62. [PMID: 32531870 PMCID: PMC7779271 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction To investigate the genetic etiology and evaluate the diagnostic application of next‐generation sequencing for diabetes/persistent hyperglycemia in children and adolescents. Materials and Methods Patients with diabetes/persistent hyperglycemia, presenting with at least one other clinical manifestation (other than diabetes) or with a family history of diabetes, were recruited. The clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients were recorded. Next‐generation sequencing was carried out, and candidate variants were verified by Sanger sequencing. Variant pathogenicity was further evaluated according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. Results This study included 101 potential probands, 36 of whom were identified as positive by genetic testing. A further 51.2 and 20.9% of variants were determined to be pathogenic or likely pathogenic, respectively. Variants associated with the disease were primarily identified in 21 genes and three regions of copy number variants. Among the 39 variants in 21 genes, 61.5% (24/39) were novel. The genetic diagnosis of 23 patients was confirmed based on genetic evidence and associated clinical manifestations. We reported GCK variants (21.7%, 5/23) as the most common etiology in our cohort. Different clinical manifestations were observed in one family with WFS1 variants. Conclusions Our findings support the use of next‐generation sequencing as a standard method in patients with diabetes/persistent hyperglycemia and provide insights into the etiologies of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ding
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Niu Li
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Lou
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Qianwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoying Chang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiumin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wang WZ, Zhou YY, Wang ZJ, Zhu ML, Yao XY, Yu JD, Lin YH, Yu FY, Wu CY, Zhang HH, Lou D, Hu YH. A mobile terminal application program was used for endotracheal tube cuff pressure measurement. J Clin Monit Comput 2020; 35:463-468. [PMID: 32189165 PMCID: PMC7224015 DOI: 10.1007/s10877-020-00499-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We studied the application of a mobile terminal application program in endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff pressure measurement to improve the implementation rate of scientific ETT cuff pressure measurement and to ensure that the pressure falls within the recommended range. A pre-post controlled study lasting for 18 months was undertaken in a 40-bed general intensive care unit (GICU). This included a 6-month baseline period (baseline group) and a 6-month intervention period (intervention group). The mobile terminal application program was applied to monitor the cuff pressure of endotracheal intubation as an intervention measure during the intervention period. ETT pressure was the main outcome measure, while gender, age, causes for ICU admission, sedation score, duration of prior intubation, size of ETT, and number of VAP patients were secondary outcomes. ETT cuff pressure was monitored 742 times in both the baseline group and the intervention group. A total of 56.9% of the cuff pressure measurements in the baseline group were within the recommended range, while 78.4% of measurements in the intervention group were within the recommended range, reflecting a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The application of the mobile terminal application program used for ETT cuff pressure measurement could improve the percentage of ETT cuff pressure measurements falling within the recommended range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhong Wang
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yao-Ying Zhou
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Juan Wang
- Nursing Department, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei-Li Zhu
- Nursing Department, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Yao
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Di Yu
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan-Hong Lin
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei-Yun Yu
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chun-Yan Wu
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhang
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Lou
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue-Hong Hu
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
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Freeman DM, Lou D, Li Y, Martos SN, Wang Z. The conserved DNMT1-dependent methylation regions in human cells are vulnerable to neurotoxicant rotenone exposure. Epigenetics Chromatin 2020; 13:17. [PMID: 32178731 PMCID: PMC7076959 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-020-00338-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allele-specific DNA methylation (ASM) describes genomic loci that maintain CpG methylation at only one inherited allele rather than having coordinated methylation across both alleles. The most prominent of these regions are germline ASMs (gASMs) that control the expression of imprinted genes in a parent of origin-dependent manner and are associated with disease. However, our recent report reveals numerous ASMs at non-imprinted genes. These non-germline ASMs are dependent on DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and strikingly show the feature of random, switchable monoallelic methylation patterns in the mouse genome. The significance of these ASMs to human health has not been explored. Due to their shared allelicity with gASMs, herein, we propose that non-traditional ASMs are sensitive to exposures in association with human disease. RESULTS We first explore their conservancy in the human genome. Our data show that our putative non-germline ASMs were in conserved regions of the human genome and located adjacent to genes vital for neuronal development and maturation. We next tested the hypothesized vulnerability of these regions by exposing human embryonic kidney cell HEK293 with the neurotoxicant rotenone for 24 h. Indeed,14 genes adjacent to our identified regions were differentially expressed from RNA-sequencing. We analyzed the base-resolution methylation patterns of the predicted non-germline ASMs at two neurological genes, HCN2 and NEFM, with potential to increase the risk of neurodegeneration. Both regions were significantly hypomethylated in response to rotenone. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that non-germline ASMs seem conserved between mouse and human genomes, overlap important regulatory factor binding motifs, and regulate the expression of genes vital to neuronal function. These results support the notion that ASMs are sensitive to environmental factors such as rotenone and may alter the risk of neurological disease later in life by disrupting neuronal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Freeman
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenomes, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dan Lou
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenomes, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yanqiang Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenomes, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Suzanne N Martos
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenomes, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenomes, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- The State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China.
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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18
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Markman C, Hess M, Lou D, Nguyen A. VR Hackfest. ITAL 2019. [DOI: 10.6017/ital.v38i4.11877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We built the future of the web — today! Our four-person eLibrary team designed an afternoon workshop and corresponding network-connected public exhibit centered around two cutting-edge internet technologies: IPFS and A-Frame.
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Cheng Y, Wang Q, Li K, Shi J, Liu Y, Wu L, Han B, Chen G, He J, Wang J, Lou D, Yu H, Qin H, Li XL. Overall survival (OS) update in ALTER 1202: Anlotinib as third-line or further-line treatment in relapsed small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz264.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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20
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Qiao LM, Lou D, Liu HW, Zhang YT. Monitoring the ingredient change during the production of Tan Re Qing capsules from Scutellariae Radix by HPLC-MS/MS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2019.1565831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Man Qiao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dan Lou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong-Wei Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - You-Ting Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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21
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Lou D, Cui X, Bao SS, Sun W, Pan WH, Chen MC, Dong YY, Hu GX, Chen RJ, Wang Z. Effects of ketoconazole, voriconazole, and itraconazole on the pharmacokinetics of apatinib in rats. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:689-693. [PMID: 30632818 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1569042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Su-Su Bao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Wen-He Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Meng-Chun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Yao-Yao Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Guo-Xin Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Rui-Jie Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
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22
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Wang H, Lou D, Wang Z. Crosstalk of Genetic Variants, Allele-Specific DNA Methylation, and Environmental Factors for Complex Disease Risk. Front Genet 2019; 9:695. [PMID: 30687383 PMCID: PMC6334214 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified thousands of phenotype-associated DNA sequence variants for potential explanations of inter-individual phenotypic differences and disease susceptibility. However, it remains a challenge for translating the associations into causative mechanisms for complex diseases, partially due to the involved variants in the noncoding regions and the inconvenience of functional studies in human population samples. So far, accumulating evidence has suggested a complex crosstalk among genetic variants, allele-specific binding of transcription factors (ABTF), and allele-specific DNA methylation patterns (ASM), as well as environmental factors for disease risk. This review aims to summarize the current studies regarding the interactions of the aforementioned factors with a focus on epigenetic insights. We present two scenarios of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in coding regions and non-coding regions for disease risk, via potentially impacting epigenetic patterns. While a SNP in a coding region may confer disease risk via altering protein functions, a SNP in non-coding region may cause diseases, via SNP-altering ABTF, ASM, and allele-specific gene expression (ASE). The allelic increases or decreases of gene expression are key for disease risk during development. Such ASE can be achieved via either a "SNP-introduced ABTF to ASM" or a "SNP-introduced ASM to ABTF." Together with our additional in-depth review on insulator CTCF, we are convinced to propose a working model that the small effect of a SNP acts through altered ABTF and/or ASM, for ASE and eventual disease outcome (named as a "SNP intensifier" model). In summary, the significance of complex crosstalk among genetic factors, epigenetic patterns, and environmental factors requires further investigations for disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huishan Wang
- Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenome, Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Dan Lou
- Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenome, Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenome, Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
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23
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Lou D, Ye J, Yang L, Wu Z, Zheng W, Zhang H. Icariin stimulates differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) through activation of cAMP/PKA/CREB. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902019000218300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lou
- Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | | | | | - Zheng Wu
- Harbin University of Commerce, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Harbin University of Commerce, China
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Zhu Y, Li Y, Lou D, Gao Y, Yu J, Kong D, Zhang Q, Jia Y, Zhang H, Wang Z. Sodium arsenite exposure inhibits histone acetyltransferase p300 for attenuating H3K27ac at enhancers in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 357:70-79. [PMID: 30130555 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Both epidemiological investigations and animal studies have linked arsenic-contaminated water to cancers, including skin, liver and lung cancers. Besides genotoxicity, arsenic exposure-related pathogenesis of disease is widely considered through epigenetic mechanisms; however, the underlying mechanism remains to be determined. Herein we explore the initial epigenetic changes via acute sodium arsenite (As) exposures of mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells and histone H3K79 methyltransferase Dot1L knockout (Dot1L-/-) MEF cells. Our RNA-seq and Western blot data demonstrated that, in both cell lines, acute As exposure abolished histone acetyltransferase p300 at the RNA level and subsequent protein level. Consequently, p300-specific main target histone H3K27ac, a marker separating active from poised enhancers, decreased dramatically as validated by both Western blot and ChIP-qPCR/seq analyses. Concomitantly, H3K4me1 as another well-known marker for enhancers also showed significant decreases, suggesting an underappreciated crosstalk between H3K4me1 and H3K27ac involved in As exposure. Significantly, As exposure-reduced H3K27ac and H3K4me1 inhibited the expression of genes including EP300 itself and Kruppel Like Factor 4(Klf4) that both are tumor suppressor genes. Collectively, our investigations identified p300 as an internal bridging factor within cells to sense external environmental As exposure to alter chromatin, thereby changing gene transcription for disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhu
- Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenome, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yanqiang Li
- Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenome, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Dan Lou
- Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenome, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yang Gao
- Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenome, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jing Yu
- Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenome, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Dehui Kong
- Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenome, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, 368 Youyi Avenue, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430062, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenome, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yankai Jia
- GENEWIZ Suzhou, 218 Xinghu Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Haimou Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, 368 Youyi Avenue, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430062, China.
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenome, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, 368 Youyi Avenue, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430062, China; Fengxian Central Hospital, 9588 Nanfeng Hwy, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201406, China.
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25
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Wu S, Lei L, Song Y, Liu M, Lu S, Lou D, Shi Y, Wang Z, He D. Mutation of hop-1 and pink-1 attenuates vulnerability of neurotoxicity in C. elegans: the role of mitochondria-associated membrane proteins in Parkinsonism. Exp Neurol 2018; 309:67-78. [PMID: 30076829 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered as a critical mechanism in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Increasing evidence supports the notion of mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) in mitochondrial dysfunction; yet little is known about the role of MAMs-related proteins in the pathogenesis of PD. Herein we exposed the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to 0.5-10.0 μM rotenone (RO) or 0.2-1.6 mM paraquat (PQ) for 3 days. Our results showed that both RO and PQ induced similar Parkinsonism including motor deficits and dopaminergic degeneration. RO/PQ caused mitochondrial damages characterized by the increase of vacuole areas and autophagy vesicles, but the decrease of mitochondrial cristae. RO/PQ-impacted mitochondrial function was also demonstrated by the decrease of ATP level and mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, the attachment or surrounding of endoplasmic reticulum to the damaged mitochondria indicates ultrastructural alterations in MAMs. Using fluorescently labeled transgenic nematodes, we further found that the expression of tomm-7 and genes of Complex I, II and III was reduced, whereas the expression of pink-1 was increased in the exposed animals. To determine MAMs in toxicity toward PD, we investigated the mutants of hop-1 and pink-1, encoding presenilin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) in mitochondria-associated membranes, respectively. Results demonstrated that the mutation of both hop-1 and pink-1 reduced the vulnerability of lethal, behavioral, and mitochondrial toxicity induced by RO/PQ. These findings suggest that presenilin and PINK1 play important roles in the RO/PQ-induced neurotoxicity through the mechanisms involved in mitochondria-associated membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Wu
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500# DongChuan RD, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lili Lei
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500# DongChuan RD, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yang Song
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500# DongChuan RD, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mengting Liu
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500# DongChuan RD, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shibo Lu
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500# DongChuan RD, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Dan Lou
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore 21205, USA
| | - Yonghong Shi
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518# Ziyue RD, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore 21205, USA.
| | - Defu He
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500# DongChuan RD, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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26
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Lou D, Li Y, Martos SM, Zhu Y, Freeman D, Wang Z. Abstract 5330: DNA hypomethylation promotes carcinogenesis by inducing cryptic transcription. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-5330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
DNA methylation, regulate genomic processes and serve at the interface between genes and the environment, has long been recognized as the key event involved in cancer initiation and development. However, how exactly the role of DNA methylation and their epigenomic consequences underlying carcinogenesis remains to be elucidated. We previously reported that a division of labor between DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) (DNMT1 and DNMT3a/3b) to suppress distinct types of genome components. Additionally, allelic and biomodal methylation patterns have been revealed by using two bioinformatics methods. To determine how the DNA methylation affects the integrity of gene transcription, we applied the appropriate PRO-cap technique that detects 5'-capped RNA transcripts in wildtype (WT) mESCs and three mutant mESCs with altered DNMT: loss of DNMT1 (DNMT1-/- ; 1KO), loss of DNMT3a/3b (DNMT3a-/-/DNMT3b-/-; DKO) and loss of DNMT1 and DNMT3a/3b (DNMT1-/-/ DNMT3a-/-/DNMT3b-/-; TKO). With high quality of sequencing reads at high fold coverage and 150 millions of mapped reads for WT and mutant cells, our analyses revealed significant RNA transcripts alterations. By mapping global transcription start site (TSS) and chromatin dynamics, cryptic transcription of thousands of DNMT loss-induced non-annotated TSSs were observed. Some of the non-annotated TSSs were further confirmed in arsenic-treated malignant transformated cell line. Our results indicated that the alteration (completely loss or partially loss) of DNA methylation may promote the carcinogenesis by sabotaging the fidelity of gene transcription initiation.
Citation Format: Dan Lou, Yanqiang Li, Suzanne M. Martos, Yan Zhu, Dana Freeman, Zhibin Wang. DNA hypomethylation promotes carcinogenesis by inducing cryptic transcription [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5330.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lou
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | - Yan Zhu
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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27
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Tian S, Zhu F, Hu R, Tian S, Chen X, Lou D, Cao B, Chen Q, Li B, Li F, Bai Y, Wu Y, Zhu Y. The anti-apoptotic effect of fluid mechanics preconditioning by cells membrane and mitochondria in rats brain microvascular endothelial cells. Neurosci Lett 2018; 662:6-11. [PMID: 28987818 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Exercise preconditioning is a simple and effective way to prevent ischemia. This paper further provided the mechanism in hemodynamic aspects at the cellular level. To study the anti-apoptotic effects of fluid mechanics preconditioning, Cultured rats brain microvascular endothelial cells were given fluid intervention in a parallel plate flow chamber before oxygen glucose deprivation. It showed that fluid mechanics preconditioning could inhibit the apoptosis of endothelial cells, and this process might be mediated by the shear stress activation of Tie-2 on cells membrane surface and Bcl-2 on the mitochondria surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Tian
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Fengping Zhu
- Department of neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ruiping Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Song Tian
- Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xingxing Chen
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dan Lou
- Shanghai Municiple Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Bing Cao
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiulei Chen
- Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bai Li
- Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yulong Bai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yulian Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
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Ding X, Gao J, Xie C, Xiong B, Wu S, Cen Z, Lou Y, Lou D, Xie F, Luo W. Prevalence and clinical correlation of dysphagia in Parkinson disease: a study on Chinese patients. Eur J Clin Nutr 2017; 72:82-86. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2017.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Shuai Y, Lou D, Yin J, Qian X, Wang Y, Hong X, Xiao P, Zhong W. Characterization of Microcystin-Induced Dualistic Toxic Effects on Primary Rat Hepatocytes. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2017; 36:15-27. [PMID: 28605328 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2016017340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) comprise a group of widely characterized cyclic heptapeptides able to induce a series of liver injuries, including acute liver failure and primary liver cancer. Although the dualistic effects of MCs have been postulated, the specific action mode according to the exposure dosage of MCs remains unknown. In the present study, primarily cultured rat hepatocytes were used to systematically investigate hepatotoxic characteristics of MC-LR (one of the most abundant and toxic MCs variants). Results showed that the dualistic toxicity of MC-LR on hepatocytes is dose dependent. Specifically, MC-LR at a high dose (>10-8 mol/L) induced a significant reduction in cell viability, whereas low-dose MC-LR (<10-8 mol/L) was observed to promote cell proliferation. Oxidative stress measurements showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels undergo a massive and rapid increase in high-dose MC-LR-treated hepatocytes and a mild and slow increase in low-dose MC-LR-treated hepatocytes. These in vitro data suggest that MC-LR is able to exert dualistic toxic effects on hepatocytes through the "two-faced" character of ROS, which causes cell death or even necrosis at high concentrations and promotes cell proliferation exclusively at low or transient concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shuai
- Division of Toxicology, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Dan Lou
- Division of Toxicology, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Jianxun Yin
- Shanghai Zhabei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xiaolan Qian
- Shanghai Yangpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Yanqin Wang
- Division of Toxicology, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Xinyu Hong
- Division of Toxicology, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Division of Toxicology, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Weijian Zhong
- Division of Toxicology, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating studies have explored the effect of thymidylate synthase enhancer region (TSER) variation on risk of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with controversial results. Therefore, this quantitative meta-analysis was performed to assess synthetically the association of TSER variation with susceptibility to develop pediatric ALL. METHODS The PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Wanfang Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were systematically retrieved to obtain the published case-control studies about the relationship between TSER variation and pediatric ALL risk. The quality assessment of the included studies was preformed and relevant information was collected. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to evaluate the strength of association. RESULTS This meta-analysis finally included 2681 children with ALL and 3854 matched controls from 11 investigations. The quantitative synthesis results found no significant association between TSER variation and susceptibility to pediatric ALL in overall comparisons under 5 genetic models (2R/3R vs 3R/3R: OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.84-1.07, P = 0.41; 2R/2R vs 3R/3R: OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.84-1.16, P = 0.90; 2R2R vs 3R/3R+2R/3R: OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.92-1.21, P = 0.45; 2R/3R+2R/2R vs 3R/3R: OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.87-1.09, P = 0.63; 2R vs 3R: OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.92-1.15, P = 0.61). Similarly, there was no significant association existed in the stratification analyses according to ethnicity, control source, and quality score. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis shows that TSER variation is not related to the development risk of pediatric ALL.
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Ge Q, Lou D, Zeng J, Pan C, Wang S, Zhang W, Zhang L, Wang X. Structural evolution of imidazolium-based poly (ionic liquid) assemblies during solvent evaporation. EXPRESS POLYM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2017.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Lou D, Wang Q, Huang M, Zhou Z. Does age matter? Comparison of neurobehavioral effects of paraquat exposure on postnatal and adult C57BL/6 mice. Toxicol Mech Methods 2016; 26:667-673. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2016.1223241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lou
- School of Public Health/MOE Key Lab of Public Health Safety/WHO Collaborating Center for Occupational Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaochu Wang
- School of Public Health/MOE Key Lab of Public Health Safety/WHO Collaborating Center for Occupational Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- School of Public Health/MOE Key Lab of Public Health Safety/WHO Collaborating Center for Occupational Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang WL, Lou D, Zhang DT, Zhang Y, Huang HJ. Determination of rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban in rat plasma by UPLC–MS/MS method. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2016; 42:205-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s11239-016-1367-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Huang M, Lou D, Wang YP, Cai Q, Li HH. Paraquat inhibited differentiation in human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) and down regulated miR-200a expression by targeting CTNNB1. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 42:205-211. [PMID: 26878281 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) exposure influences central nervous system and results in serious neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. However, the role of PQ exposure in the development of CNS remains unclear. In present study, we investigated microRNAs (miRNAs) expression profiling and cell differential status following PQ treatment in human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) as well as involved mechanism. Microarray profiling of miRNAs expression of PQ treated cell line and their corresponding control was determined. Differentially expression miRNAs were confirmed by quantitative real time PCR. Neural cell differentiation was performed with immunocytochemical analysis. Predicated target of miRNA was identified with luciferase reports and quantitatively analyzed using western blotting. Our results found PQ dramatically suppressed neural cell differentiation ability. 43 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in PQ treated cells. The expression levels were over expressed in 25 miRNAs, whereas 18 miRNAs were suppressed. More importantly, we observed that miR-200a expression level to be lower in PQ treated cells. Luciferase assay and protein expression results confirmed the direct binding effect between CTNNB1 and miR-200a following PQ exposure. Collectively, our data suggested that down regulation of miR-200a in the PQ treated neural stem cell significantly participated in the differentiation processes and subsequently resulting in decreased cell viability, increased epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and the inhibited differential through CTNNB1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- The Department of Occupational and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan 750004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dan Lou
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai 200336, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Peng Wang
- The Department of Occupational and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Cai
- The Department of Occupational and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-hui Li
- The Department of Occupational and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan 750004, People's Republic of China
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Huang M, Lou D, Li HH, Cai Q, Wang YP, Yang HF. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate attenuates paraquat-induced acute pulmonary poisoning in vivo via transforming growth factor β1 and nuclear factor κB pathway interaction. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 35:1312-1318. [PMID: 26860689 DOI: 10.1177/0960327116630351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) exposure could cause pulmonary fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) in an acute PQ poison model. One hundred and forty-four Sprague Dawley rats were equally divided into three experimental groups: control group, PQ group, and PQ + PDTC group. At days 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, and 56 of treatment, the serum levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), the levels of hydroxyproline, the protein expression of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway, and histopathological change in lung tissue were assessed. The survival rate of rats treated with PQ + PDTC was increased compared with that of rats treated only with PQ (p < 0.05), and the occurrence of pathological changes was dramatically attenuated in the PQ + PDTC group. The serum levels of TGF-β1 and the hydroxyproline levels in the PQ group were significantly increased in a time-dependent manner compared with those in the control and PQ + PDTC groups on days 7, 14, 28, and 56 (p < 0.05). Additionally, the protein levels of NF-κB proteins p65, inhibitor of κB (IκB) kinase (IKKβ, and IκB-α were significantly downregulated in the PQ + PDTC group as determined by array analysis. The present findings suggest that overexpression of TGF-β1 may play an important role in PQ-induced lung injury and that PDTC, a strong NF-κB inhibitor, can rescue PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis by influencing the protein expression of NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Huang
- Lab of Molecular Toxicology, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - D Lou
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - H-H Li
- Lab of Molecular Toxicology, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Cai
- Lab of Molecular Toxicology, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Y-P Wang
- Lab of Molecular Toxicology, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - H-F Yang
- Lab of Molecular Toxicology, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
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Zhuang F, Zhou X, Gao X, Lou D, Bi X, Qin S, Sun C, Ye P, Wang Y, Ma T, Li M, Gu S. Cytokines and glucocorticoid receptors are associated with the antidepressant-like effect of alarin. Peptides 2016; 76:115-29. [PMID: 26779986 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the physiological or pharmacological properties of alarin, a new neuropeptide belonging to the galanin family. We previously showed that alarin has an antidepressant-like effect and is associated with a decrease in the hyperactivity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis that is observed in patients with depression using unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mouse model of depression. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects have not been uncovered. Inflammatory cytokines are reportedly associated with depression. Animal studies and cytokine immune therapy in humans suggest that pro-inflammatory cytokines induce depressive symptomatology and potently activate the HPA axis, whereas anti-inflammatory cytokines may decrease activation. Thus, we first determined the levels of inflammatory cytokines in the blood and brain to evaluate whether the antidepressant-like effect of alarin in UCMS-treated mice is related to its regulation of these inflammatory cytokines. Pro-inflammatory cytokines disrupt the function and/or expression of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs), which mediate the negative feedback of glucocorticoids on the HPA axis to keep it from being overactivated. We next explored the expression level of GRs in the brains of mice subjected to UCMS and to the administration of alarin. We found that intracerebroventricular administration of alarin significantly ameliorated depression-like behaviors in the UCMS-treated mice. Alarin restored the UCMS-induced an increase in the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor α and a decrease in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 level in the blood, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus. Alarin also reversed the UCMS-induced down-regulation of GR expression in these brain regions. Thus, the antidepressant-like effects of alarin may be mediated by restoring altered pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels and GR expression to decrease HPA axis hyperactivity. Our findings provide additional knowledge to interpret the pathophysiology of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhi Zhuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Dan Lou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xuesheng Bi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Shoujun Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Chuxiao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Peng Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Tengfei Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Mei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Shuling Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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Abstract
In this study, a simple, sensitive, and robust analytical method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) has been developed for the determination of apatinib in rat plasma using carbamazepine as internal standard (IS). After sample preparation by a simple liquid-liquid extraction, chromatography was performed on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 µm particle size) and total run time was 2.0 min. The method was linear over the concentration range 5-1000 ng/mL with a lower limit of quantification of 5 ng/mL. Inter- and intraday precision were all within 6.5% and the accuracy was ≤3.5%. Recoveries of apatinib and IS were >80%. Stability studies showed that apatinib was stable under a variety of storage conditions. The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study involving oral administration of apatinib to rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Li-man Qiao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Chen Cheng
- School of Pharmacy of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Guo-xin Hu
- School of Pharmacy of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
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Qiu X, Lou D, Su D, Liu Z, Gao P, Zhang NS. Simultaneous determination of acetaminophen and dihydrocodeine in human plasma by UPLC-MS/MS: Its pharmacokinetic application. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 992:91-5. [PMID: 25965875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
An ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to determine acetaminophen (AAP) and dihydrocodeine (DHC) in human plasma simultaneously. Plasma samples were prepared using protein precipitation with acetonitrile, the two analytes and the internal standard midazolam were separated on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column and mass spectrometric analysis was performed using a QTrap5500 mass spectrometer coupled with an electro-spray ionization (ESI) source in the positive ion mode. The MRM transitions of m/z 151.2→110.0 and m/z 302.3→199.2 were used to quantify for AAP and DHC, respectively. The linearity of this method was found to be within the concentration range of 50-10000ng/mL for AAP, and 1-100ng/mL for DHC in human plasma, respectively. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 50ng/mL and 1ng/mL for AAP and DHC in human plasma, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of intra and inter precision were less than 10% for both AAP and DHC. The analysis time of per sample was 1.0min. The developed and validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of AAP (500mg) with DHC (20mg) capsule in Chinese healthy volunteers (N=20).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Qiu
- Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, PR China
| | - Dan Lou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, PR China
| | - Ding Su
- Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, PR China
| | - Zebin Liu
- Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, PR China
| | - Pengtao Gao
- Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, PR China
| | - Nan-sheng Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China.
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Xu L, Zhao Q, Lou D, Chang X, Xiao P, Hong X, Zhou Z. [Oral exposure of fluorochloridone caused testes damage of Sparague-Dawley rats]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2014; 32:516-520. [PMID: 25182820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of fluorochloridone (FLC) exposure on the testes of adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. METHODS Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups. These groups, each of 10 male rats, were separately given FLC by gavage at a dose of 0 (control), 30, 150, or 750 mg/kg once daily for 28 d. The oxidative stress biomarkers in the testes were measured by spectrophotometry. The pathological changes in testicular tissues were evaluated under the light and electric microscopes. The cauda epididymal sperm count was determined. The testicular toxicity of FLC was assessed accordingly. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the 750 mg/kg FLC group had significantly lower testicular weight and organ coefficient, epididymal weight, and cauda epididymal sperm count (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), the 150 and 750 mg/kg FLC groups had significantly increased malonaldehyde content (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), each exposed group had a significantly reduced glutathione (GSH) level (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), the 750 mg/kg FLC group had significantly reduced activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), GSH peroxidase, GSH S-transferase (GSH-ST), and GSH reductase (GSH-GR) (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), the 150 mg/kg FLC group showed significant decreases in the activities of all antioxidant enzymes except GSH-GR (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and the 30 mg/kg FLC group showed significant decreases in the activities of SOD and CAT (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Furthermore, seminiferous epithelial degeneration, Sertoli cell vacuolization, spermatogenic cell loss, and nuclear damage were observed under the light and electronic microscopes in the 150 and 750 mg/kg FLC groups. CONCLUSION FLC could damage the testes of adult rats by inducting oxidative stress. This research provided clues and directions for further exploration of the mechanism of FLC testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leirui Xu
- School of Public Health/ Key Lab for Public Health Safety of MOE/WHO Collaborating Center for Occupational Health (Shanghai), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Zou YS, Wang HP, Zhang SL, Lou D, Dong YH, Song XF, Zeng HB. Structural, electrical and optical properties of Mg-doped CuAlO2 films by pulsed laser deposition. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra06390b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
P-type Mg doped CuAlO2 films with high crystallinity are prepared by pulsed laser deposition followed by annealing, and exhibit enhanced conductivity and tunable optical band gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. S. Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing, China
| | - H. P. Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing, China
| | - S. L. Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing, China
| | - D. Lou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing, China
| | - Y. H. Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing, China
| | - X. F. Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing, China
| | - H. B. Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing, China
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Miao W, Wei B, Yang R, Wu C, Lou D, Jiang W, Zhou Z. Highly specific and sensitive detection of bisphenol A in water samples using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay employing a novel synthetic antigen. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj01094e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Huang M, Lou D, Chang X, Zhou Z. [Micro RNA alteration after paraquat induced PC12 cells damage and regulatory mechanism of bcl-2]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2014; 32:32-37. [PMID: 24428988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of paraquat on microRNA expressions in PCl2 cells, and to explore the regulatory mechanism of bcl-2. METHODS We used PC12 cells as a popular in vitro cell model system for characterizing the dopaminergic neuron. After 24 h treatment with different concentrations of PQ (0, 62.5 ümol/L), expression difference of microRNA was detected by microarray and examined by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR). Cell apoptosis was analyzed with flow cytometry (FCM) and the relative levels of miR-34a, miR-Let-7e were measured by RT-RCR following the PCl2 cells treatment with 0, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000 ümol/L PQ. Meanwhile, the protein expression of bcl-2 was evaluated by western blot according to forecasting targets analysis databases. RESULTS Cell viability decreased and cell apoptosis increased with increasing PQ concentrations (from 125 to 1000 ümol/L) in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). MiRNA microarray showed that after 62.5 ümol/L PQ treatment, 11 miRNAs were significantly up-regulated while 8 miRNAs were down-regulated compared with control (P < 0.01). We chose miR-34a, miR-Let-7e which appeared most remarkable changes in microarray to examine by RT-PCR. It revealed that the level of miR-34a gradually ascended while miR-Let-7e declined after PQ treatment, which are accordant to the microarray results. The protein expression of bcl-2 treated with PQ significantly decreased compared with control and presented a negative correlation with the expression of miR-34a (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The alteration of miRNAs expression may be involved in the neurotoxicity of PQ. Especially, mir-34a negatively regulated the level of bcl-2, and thus plays a key role in PQ-induced cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, China
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Chang X, Lu W, Dou T, Wang X, Lou D, Sun X, Zhou Z. Paraquat inhibits cell viability via enhanced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human neural progenitor cells. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 206:248-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Han C, Sun B, Wang W, Cai W, Lou D, Sun Y, Zhao X. Overexpression of microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain 3 is associated with melanoma metastasis and vasculogenic mimicry. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2011; 223:243-51. [PMID: 21415575 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.223.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is an alternative type of blood supplement and is responsible for aggressive tumor biology and increased tumor-related mortality. Tumor cells obtain oxygen and nutriment through VM channels in the early, rapid-growth stage when blood vessels are insufficient. VM channels are characterized by tubular structures with tumor cells. Autophagy is a catabolic process, by which the cell digests damaged components or organelles of its own cytoplasm in response to nutrient deprivation, hypoxia, and the presence of non-functional protein aggregates. In fact, autophagy plays an important role in normal cell growth, development, and homeostasis. However, it is still controversial whether autophagy is also involved in cell death or cell survival in malignancy. In the present study, we therefore investigated the expression levels of two autophagy-related proteins, microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain 3 (LC3) and beclin-1, with respect to melanoma metastasis and vasculogenic mimicry. Melanoma is characterized by rapid growth, high-metastasis rate, and unpredictable behavior. A total of 70 human melanoma tissues were analyzed, showing that VM was present in 31 melanoma specimens (44.3%). Melanoma cells displayed high levels of autophagy when VM was present. Real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical analyses showed that the expression levels of beclin-1 and LC3 mRNAs and proteins were both higher in the VM-positive melanoma than those in the VM-negative melanoma (p<0.05). Moreover, the expression of LC3, rather than beclin-1, was strongly associated with metastasis and poor clinical prognosis of human melanoma. Therefore, the enhanced autophagic activity may be related to VM and metastasis of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Han
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Cancer Hospital and Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
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Han C, Sun BU, Wang W, Cai WJ, Lou D, Sun Y, Zhao X. A pilot study on morphology and the mechanism involved in linearly patterned programmed cell necrosis in melanoma. Oncol Lett 2010; 1:821-826. [PMID: 22966387 DOI: 10.3892/ol_00000144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data provide evidence that autophagy contributes to programmed cell death (PCD) under certain circumstances. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were performed to investigate the correlation the expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3 and Atg4B and linearly patterned programmed cell necrosis (LPPCN) in melanoma. LPPCN was recently reported to be a special PCD, which is similar to neither apoptosis nor conventional necrosis commonly observed in tumoral tissues. The mechanism involved in LPPCN remains unclear. Our data showed that the expression of LC3 and Atg4B in the LPPCN-positive group was significantly higher than that in the LPPCN-negative group regarding protein and mRNA levels (p<0.05). Based on morphological observation, immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR experiments in this study, it was concluded that autophagy may play a crucial role in the process of LPP+CN in melanoma. This study provides novel insights into the mechanism that regulates LPPCN in vivo during tumor development. We speculated that LPPCN may be an early stage event in tumoral neovascularization under hypoxic-microenvironmental conditions. Accordingly, LPPCN can be considered a novel target in the process of antiangiogenesis treatment, which can be expected to obtain a better clinical outcome in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Han
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Cancer Hospital and Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin
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Gu XY, Tao L, Shi HX, Lou D, Jiao HF, You ZJ. [Macrobenthic faunal diversity in Xiangshan Bay]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2010; 21:1551-1557. [PMID: 20873634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the community pattern and biodiversity of macrobenthic fauna in Xiangshan Bay, an eight cruises survey was made at thirteen stations of the Bay from July 2006 to August 2007, with the dominant species composition, richness, biomass, secondary productivity, and P/B value of macrobenthic fauna investigated, and the species diversity of the macrobenthic fauna analyzed. A total of 123 macrobenthos species were recorded, including 48 species Mollusc, 33 species Crustacea, 12 species fish, 12 species annelid polychaete, 8 species echinoderms, and some coelenterates and nematodes. The dominant species were more concentrated, and the dominance index was higher. The average secondary productivity of the macrobenthic fauna was 16.70 g x m(-2) x a(-1), and the average P/B value was 0.60. There existed distinct variations (P < 0.01) in the species richness index (d), evenness index (J), Simpson's diversity index (D), and Shannon diversity index (H) among different survey stations, and distinct variations (P < 0.01) in the indices except evenness index (J) between years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ying Gu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To study the molecular pathogenesis of a Chinese family with coronary form of cataract. METHODS One Chinese three-generation family with inherited coronary cataract phenotype was recruited. Five affected and seven unaffected family members attended our study. Genome-wide linkage analysis was applied to map the disease loci, and two candidate genes from a locus on chromosome 1 and a locus on chromosome 22 were sequenced for mutation identification. Software at the Expasy proteomics server was utilized to predict the mutation effect on proteins. RESULTS Whole genome linkage analysis indicated some regions on chromosome 1, 10, and 22, with LOD score values greater than 1. Within these loci, the GJA8 and CRYBB2 genes, located in the two loci with the highest LOD score of 1.51 on chromosomes 1 and 22, respectively, were sequenced. A novel mutation c.92C>G in exon 2 of CRYBB2 causing S31W was identified in all five patients. It was not found in 95 unrelated controls. This missense sequence alteration likely enhanced the local solubility. Around the mutation site, a lipocalin signature motif was predicted by ScanProsite. CONCLUSIONS A novel disease-causing mutation S31W in CRYBB2 was identified in a Chinese cataract family. It is the first reported mutation for coronary cataract. Functional characterization should be carried out to evaluate the biological effects of this mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Yang J, Guo SY, Pan FY, Geng HX, Gong Y, Lou D, Shu YQ, Li CJ. Prokaryotic expression and polyclonal antibody preparation of a novel Rab-like protein mRabL5. Protein Expr Purif 2007; 53:1-8. [PMID: 17251037 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2006.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2006] [Revised: 09/23/2006] [Accepted: 10/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Rab GTPases, which belong to the Ras superfamily, represent a group of small molecular weight GTP binding proteins that are involved in various steps along the exocytic and endocytic pathways. We first identified mRabL5 (GenBank Accession No. NP_080349), a novel Mus musculus Rab-like protein, present as a Golgi-associated protein. Here we presented the results of the cloning, prokaryotic expression, purification, and polyclonal antibody production of the novel Rab-like protein. In order to obtain a specific antibody against mRabL5, we prepared two GST fusion proteins, full-length mRabL5 GST fusion protein and mRabL5 C terminus GST fusion protein, to immunize rabbits. Western blot analysis showed that both antibodies prepared against full length of mRabL5 and its C terminus, respectively, can recognize mRabL5 protein. Immunofluorescence of mRabL5 in NIH3T3 cells using the two antibodies showed its perinuclear clustering distribution pattern. The polyclonal antibodies preparation against mRabL5 provided a good tool for us to study the functional involvement of mRabL5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular & Medical Biotechnology, Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
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Warren-Forward H, Arthur L, Hobson L, Skinner R, Watts A, Clapham K, Lou D, Cook A. An assessment of exposure indices in computed radiography for the posterior–anterior chest and the lateral lumbar spine. Br J Radiol 2007; 80:26-31. [PMID: 16916804 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/59538862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have indicated that computed radiography (CR) can increase radiation dose to the patient, leading to potential biological effects. Although manufacturers have set parameters to safeguard against overexposure, it is unclear whether these are being used by radiographers or if their recommended values are consistent with the ALARA principle. The research aims are to investigate (i) whether radiographers are producing images with exposure indices within the manufacturers recommended range (MRR); (ii) the phenomenon of exposure creep, and (iii) the relationship between exposure indices (EIs) and radiation dose. A retrospective analysis of exposure indices over an 18-month period for the posteroanterior (PA) chest and lateral (LAT) lumbar spine at two centres using Kodak 800 and 850 CR systems was conducted. A phantom study was performed to assess the relationship between EI and entrance surface dose (ESD) for fixed and varying tube potentials. Kodak recommends that images have EIs between 1700 and 1900. Thirty percent of LAT lumbar spine examinations at hospital B and 38% of PA chest examinations at hospital A were produced with EIs below 1700. In the phantom study, when using a varied tube potential (70-125 kVp) and maintaining a constant EI of 1550, ESD was reduced by 56%. All clinical and phantom images were assessed to be of a diagnostic quality. The retrospective results indicate that there is a potential to reduce the MRR and optimize patient dose. There is also evidence to suggest that EI is not a reliable indicator of patient dose. The authors recommend that staff training is essential on these newer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Warren-Forward
- Medical Radiation Science, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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