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Zugbi S, Aschero R, Ganiewich D, Cancela MB, Winter U, Ottaviani D, Sampor C, Dinardi M, Torbidoni AV, Mena M, Balaguer-Lluna L, Lamas G, Sgroi M, Lagomarsino E, Lubieniecki F, Fandiño A, Radvanyi F, Abramson DH, Podhajcer O, Llera AS, Cafferata EG, Chantada G, Carcaboso AM, Schaiquevich P. Establishment and Comprehensive Characterization of a Novel Preclinical Platform of Metastatic Retinoblastoma for Therapeutic Developments. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:27. [PMID: 38117242 PMCID: PMC10741097 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.15.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although there have been improvements in the management of metastatic retinoblastoma, most patients do not survive, and all patients suffer from multiple short- and long-term treatment toxicities. Reliable and informative models to assist clinicians are needed. Thus we developed and comprehensively characterized a novel preclinical platform of primary cell cultures and xenograft models of metastatic retinoblastoma to provide insights into the molecular biology underlying metastases and to perform drug screening for the identification of hit candidates with the highest potential for clinical translation. Methods Orbital tumor, bone marrow, cerebrospinal fluid, and lymph node tumor infiltration specimens were obtained from seven patients with metastatic retinoblastoma at diagnosis, disease progression, or relapse. Tumor specimens were engrafted in immunodeficient animals, and primary cell lines were established. Genomic, immunohistochemical/immunocytochemical, and pharmacological analysis were performed. Results We successfully established five primary cell lines: two derived from leptomeningeal, two from orbital, and one from lymph node tumor dissemination. After the intravitreal or intraventricular inoculation of these cells, we established cell-derived xenograft models. Both primary cell lines and xenografts accurately retained the histological and genomic features of the tumors from which they were derived and faithfully recapitulated the dissemination patterns and pharmacological sensitivity observed in the matched patients. Conclusions Ours is an innovative and thoroughly characterized preclinical platform of metastatic retinoblastoma developed for the understanding of tumor biology of this highly aggressive tumor and has the potential to identify drug candidates to treat patients who currently lack effective treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Zugbi
- Innovative Treatments Unit, Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rosario Aschero
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Pathology Service, Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- SJD Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daiana Ganiewich
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir – Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María B. Cancela
- Innovative Treatments Unit, Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ursula Winter
- Innovative Treatments Unit, Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Pathology Service, Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela Ottaviani
- Institut Curie; PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Equipe Ligue contre le cancer, Paris, France
| | - Claudia Sampor
- Hematology-Oncology Service, Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Milagros Dinardi
- Innovative Treatments Unit, Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana V. Torbidoni
- Innovative Treatments Unit, Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela Mena
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir – Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leire Balaguer-Lluna
- SJD Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriela Lamas
- Pathology Service, Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Sgroi
- Ophthalmology Service, Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Lagomarsino
- Pharmacy Service, Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabiana Lubieniecki
- Pathology Service, Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana Fandiño
- Ophthalmology Service, Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - François Radvanyi
- Institut Curie; PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Equipe Ligue contre le cancer, Paris, France
| | - David H. Abramson
- Ophthalmic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Osvaldo Podhajcer
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir – Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea S. Llera
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir – Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo G. Cafferata
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir – Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Chantada
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- SJD Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel M. Carcaboso
- SJD Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Schaiquevich
- Innovative Treatments Unit, Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Winter U, Ganiewich D, Ottaviani D, Zugbi S, Aschero R, Sendoya JM, Cafferata EG, Mena M, Sgroi M, Sampor C, Lubieniecki F, Fandiño A, Abba MC, Doz F, Podhjacer O, Carcaboso AM, Letouzé E, Radvanyi F, Chantada GL, Llera AS, Schaiquevich P. Genomic and Transcriptomic Tumor Heterogeneity in Bilateral Retinoblastoma. JAMA Ophthalmol 2021; 138:569-574. [PMID: 32191268 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.0427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Importance Comprehensive understanding of the genomic and gene-expression differences between retinoblastoma tumors from patients with bilateral disease may help to characterize risk and optimize treatment according to individual tumor characteristics. Objective To compare the genomic features between each eye and a specimen from an orbital relapse in patients with bilateral retinoblastoma. Design, Setting, and Participants In this case, 2 patients with retinoblastoma underwent upfront bilateral enucleation. Tumor samples were subjected to genomic and gene-expression analysis. Primary cell cultures were established from both of the tumors of 1 patient and were used for gene-expression studies. Main Outcomes and Measures Whole-exome sequencing was performed on an Illumina platform for fresh tumor samples and DNA arrays (CytoScan or OncoScan) were used for paraffin-embedded samples and cell lines. Gene-expression analysis was performed using Agilent microarrays. Germinal and somatic alterations, copy number alterations, and differential gene expression were assessed. Results After initial bilateral enucleation, patient 1 showed massive choroidal and laminar optic nerve infiltration, while patient 2 showed choroidal and laminar optic nerve invasion. Patient 1 developed left-eye orbital recurrence and bone marrow metastasis less than 1 year after enucleation. Both ocular tumors showed gains on 1q and 6p but presented other distinct genomic alterations, including an additional gain in 2p harboring the N-myc proto-oncogene (MYCN) in the left tumor and orbital recurrence. Similar copy number alterations between the orbital recurrence and the left eye supported the origin of the relapse, with an additional 11q loss only detected in the orbital relapse. Specimens from patient 2 showed common copy number gains and losses, but further evolution rendered a 2p gain spanning MYCN in the left tumor. For this patient, microarray expression analysis showed differential expression of the MYCN and the forkhead box protein G1 (FOXG1) gene pathways between the left and right tumors. Conclusions and Relevance Differential genomic and gene expression features were observed between tumors in 2 patients with bilateral disease, confirming intereye heterogeneity that might be considered if targeted therapies are used in such patients. Chromosomal alteration profile supported the origin of the orbital recurrence from the homolateral eye in 1 patient. Loss in chromosome 11q may have been associated with extraocular relapse in this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Winter
- Precision Medicine, Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daiana Ganiewich
- Precision Medicine, Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela Ottaviani
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 144, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Santiago Zugbi
- Precision Medicine, Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rosario Aschero
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Pathology Service, Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Martin Sendoya
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo G Cafferata
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela Mena
- Precision Medicine, Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Sgroi
- Ophthalmology Service, Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Sampor
- Oncology Service, Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabiana Lubieniecki
- Pathology Service, Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana Fandiño
- Ophthalmology Service, Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martin C Abba
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, School of Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - François Doz
- Soins, Innovation, Recherche, en Oncologie de l'Enfant, de l'Adolescent et de l'Adulte Jeune (SIREDO) Oncology Center, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Osvaldo Podhjacer
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Angel Montero Carcaboso
- Preclinical Therapeutics and Drug Delivery Research Program and Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eric Letouzé
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Universités, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Functional Genomics of Solid Tumor, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Université Paris 13, Paris, France
| | - François Radvanyi
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 144, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Guillermo L Chantada
- Precision Medicine, Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea S Llera
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula Schaiquevich
- Precision Medicine, Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Lopez MV, Cafferata EG, Viale DL, Podhajcer OL. Synthetic Tumor-Specific Promoters for Transcriptional Regulation of Viral Replication. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1651:113-130. [PMID: 28801903 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7223-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe a collection of methods that have been adapted to isolate and modify tumor-specific promoters (TSPs ) to drive viral replication for cancer therapy and other uses. We will describe as examples the secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC ) and the protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) promoter. We outline strategies to select appropriate TSPs using bioinformatics resources and the methods utilized in their subsequent cloning, assessment of transcriptional activity, and their use in conditionally replicative oncolytic adenoviruses .
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Veronica Lopez
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Leloir Institue-Conicet, Av Patricias Argentinas, 435, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Eduardo G Cafferata
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Leloir Institue-Conicet, Av Patricias Argentinas, 435, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego L Viale
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Leloir Institue-Conicet, Av Patricias Argentinas, 435, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Osvaldo L Podhajcer
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Leloir Institue-Conicet, Av Patricias Argentinas, 435, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Weber HL, Gidekel M, Werbajh S, Salvatierra E, Rotondaro C, Sganga L, Haab GA, Curiel DT, Cafferata EG, Podhajcer OL. A Novel CDC25B Promoter-Based Oncolytic Adenovirus Inhibited Growth of Orthotopic Human Pancreatic Tumors in Different Preclinical Models. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:1665-74. [PMID: 25573380 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We decided to construct a novel oncolytic adenovirus whose replication was driven by the CDC25B promoter for its use in preclinical models of pancreatic cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We placed the essential E1A gene under control of the CDC25B promoter. Based on preliminary data, we pseudotyped the adenovirus with a chimeric fiber of serotypes 5/3. We investigated the in vitro lytic effect and the in vivo therapeutic efficacy in combination with gemcitabine on human pancreatic tumor xenografts orthotopically growing in nude mice and in tumors growing in Syrian hamsters. We also assessed biochemical markers of hepatic toxicity and CA19.9 levels. RESULTS AV25CDC exhibited a strong in vitro lytic effect on pancreatic cancer cells. In vivo administration of AV25CDC combined with gemcitabine in mice harboring subcutaneously growing SW1990 pancreatic tumors almost abrogated tumor growth. Nude mice harboring 15-day-old orthotopic tumors, treated intratumorally or systemically with AV25CDC combined with gemcitabine, exhibited 70% to 80% reduction in tumor size compared with control mice that lasted for at least 60 days. Chemovirotherapy treatment induced a return to normal levels of biochemical parameters of hepatic toxicity; these mice exhibited more than 90% reduction in CA19.9 serum levels compared with control. Chemovirotherapy efficacy was confirmed in mice harboring Mia PaCa-2 tumors and in Syrian hamster harboring HaP-T1 tumors. We observed that viral treatment disrupted tumor architecture and induced an increase in MMP-9 activity that might facilitate gemcitabine penetrability. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that AV25CDC is an effective oncolytic agent candidate for pancreatic cancer chemovirotherapy combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga L Weber
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Argentina. Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Manuel Gidekel
- Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile. Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Santiago Werbajh
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Argentina
| | - Edgardo Salvatierra
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Rotondaro
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Sganga
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Acosta Haab
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hospital de Oncología Marie Curie, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - David T Curiel
- Division of Cancer Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Eduardo G Cafferata
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Argentina
| | - Osvaldo L Podhajcer
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Argentina.
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Bravo S, Núñez F, Cruzat F, Cafferata EG, De Ferrari GV, Montecino M, Podhajcer OL. Enhanced CRAd activity using enhancer motifs driven by a nucleosome positioning sequence. Mol Ther 2013; 21:1403-12. [PMID: 23712038 PMCID: PMC3702098 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2013.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer development involves changes driven by the epigenetic machinery, including nucleosome positioning. Recently, the concept that adenoviral replication may be driven by tumor specific promoters (TSPs) gained support, and several conditionally replicative adenoviruses (CRAd) exhibited therapeutic efficacy in clinical trials. Here, we show for the first time that placing a nucleosome positioning sequence (NPS) upstream of a TSP combined with Wnt-responsive motifs (pART enhancer) enhanced the TSP transcriptional activity and increased the lytic activity of a CRAd. pART enhanced the transcriptional activity of the gastrointestinal cancer (GIC)-specific REG1A promoter (REG1A-pr); moreover, pART also increased the in vitro lytic activity of a CRAd whose replication was driven by REG1A-Pr. The pART enhancer effect in vitro and in vivo was strictly dependent on the presence of the NPS. Indeed, deletion of the NPS was strongly deleterious for the in vivo antitumor efficacy of the CRAd on orthotopically established pancreatic xenografts. pART also enhanced the specific activity of other heterologous promoters; moreover, the NPS was also able to enhance the responsiveness of hypoxia- and NFκB-response elements. We conclude that NPS could be useful for gene therapy approaches in cancer as well as other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Bravo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas and FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Núñez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Cruzat
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | | | - Giancarlo V De Ferrari
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas and FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martín Montecino
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas and FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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Viale DL, Cafferata EG, Gould D, Rotondaro C, Chernajovsky Y, Curiel DT, Podhajcer OL, Veronica Lopez M. Therapeutic improvement of a stroma-targeted CRAd by incorporating motives responsive to the melanoma microenvironment. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 133:2576-2584. [PMID: 23604101 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We have previously designed a conditionally replicative oncolytic adenovirus (CRAd) named Ad-F512 that can target both the stromal and the malignant melanoma cell compartments. The replication capacity of this CRAd is driven by a 0.5-Kb SPARC promoter fragment (named F512). To improve CRAd's efficacy, we cloned into F512 motives responsive to hypoxia (hypoxia-responsive element (HRE)) and inflammation (nuclear factor kappa B) to obtain a chimeric promoter named κBF512HRE. Using luciferase as a reporter gene, we observed 10-15-fold increased activity under hypoxia and 10-80-fold induction upon tumor necrosis factor-α addition. We next constructed a CRAd (Ad-κBF512HRE) where E1A activity was under κBF512HRE regulation. Treatment of nude mice harboring established tumors made of a mix of SB2 melanoma cells and WI-38 fibroblasts with Ad-κBF512HRE led to the complete elimination of tumors in 100% of mice (8/8). Moreover, Ad-5/3-κBF512HRE, a viral variant pseudotyped with a chimeric 5/3 fiber, exerted a strong lytic effect on CAR-negative melanoma cells and was highly effective in vivo on established tumors made of melanoma cells and WI-38 fibroblasts, leading to the complete elimination of 4/5 tumors. These results indicate that this improved stroma-targeted oncolytic adenovirus can override the resistance of melanoma tumors and might become of significant importance for melanoma therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego L Viale
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Leloir Institute-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo G Cafferata
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Leloir Institute-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - David Gould
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, University of London, London, UK
| | - Cecilia Rotondaro
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Leloir Institute-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - David T Curiel
- Division of Human Gene Therapy, Departments of Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pathology and Surgery, Gene Therapy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Biologic Therapeutics Center, Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Osvaldo L Podhajcer
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Leloir Institute-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - M Veronica Lopez
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Leloir Institute-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Barni MV, Carlini MJ, Cafferata EG, Puricelli L, Moreno S. Carnosic acid inhibits the proliferation and migration capacity of human colorectal cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2012; 27:1041-8. [PMID: 22246562 PMCID: PMC3583532 DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.1630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant neoplasm worldwide. The objective of this study was to examine whether carnosic acid (CA), the main antioxidant compound of Rosmarinus officinalis L., would inhibit the cell viability of three CRC cell lines: Caco-2, HT29 and LoVo in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 values in the range of 24–96 μM. CA induced cell death by apoptosis in Caco-2 line after 24 h of treatment and inhibited cell adhesion and migration, possibly by reducing the activity of secreted proteases such as urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and metalloproteinases (MMPs). These effects may be associated through a mechanism involving the inhibition of the COX-2 pathway, because we have determined that CA downregulates the expression of COX-2 in Caco-2 cells at both the mRNA and protein levels. Therefore, CA modulates different targets involved in the development of CRC. These findings indicate that carnosic acid may have anticancer activity and may be useful as a novel chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Barni
- Foundation Institute Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, CABA 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Taravini IR, Chertoff M, Cafferata EG, Courty J, Murer MG, Pitossi FJ, Gershanik OS. Pleiotrophin over-expression provides trophic support to dopaminergic neurons in parkinsonian rats. Mol Neurodegener 2011; 6:40. [PMID: 21649894 PMCID: PMC3130680 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1326-6-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pleiotrophin is known to promote the survival and differentiation of dopaminergic neurons in vitro and is up-regulated in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease patients. To establish whether pleiotrophin has a trophic effect on nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in vivo, we injected a recombinant adenovirus expressing pleiotrophin in the substantia nigra of 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats. Results The viral vector induced pleiotrophin over-expression by astrocytes in the substantia nigra pars compacta, without modifying endogenous neuronal expression. The percentage of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive cells as well as the area of their projections in the lesioned striatum was higher in pleiotrophin-treated animals than in controls. Conclusions These results indicate that pleiotrophin over-expression partially rescues tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive cell bodies and terminals of dopaminergic neurons undergoing 6-hydroxydopamine-induced degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Re Taravini
- Laboratorio de Parkinson Experimental, Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA-CONICET-UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Cafferata EG, Macció DR, Lopez MV, Viale DL, Carbone C, Mazzolini G, Podhajcer OL. A novel A33 promoter-based conditionally replicative adenovirus suppresses tumor growth and eradicates hepatic metastases in human colon cancer models. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:3037-49. [PMID: 19336523 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-1161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A33 antigen is a membrane-bound protein expressed in intestinal epithelium that is overexpressed in 95% of primary and metastatic colorectal carcinomas but is absent in most epithelial tissues and tumor types. We hypothesized that A33 promoter might be useful in the design of a conditionally replicative adenovirus for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We cloned an A33 promoter fragment (A33Pr) that extends from -105 to +307 bp. Using luciferase activity as a reporter gene, we showed that A33Pr was active in CRC cell lines. We next constructed a conditionally replicative adenovirus named AV22EL where E1A was placed under the control of A33Pr. The tumor-specific oncolytic effect of AV22EL was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS AV22EL induced specific in vitro lysis of human CRC cell lines that expressed A33 and have negligible lytic capacity on cells that lacked or had minimal A33 expression, including normal human colonic cells. In vivo, a marked reduction of tumor growth and increased long-term survival rates were observed in nude mice xenografted with s.c. CRC tumors. Combination with 5-fluorouracil induced an additive effect in vitro with no toxic effects in vivo. Remarkably, AV22EL completely eliminated established hepatic metastases in >90% of mice and restored hepatic function according to biochemical parameters. Its systemic administration induced E1A expression only in the hepatic metastasis but not in normal organs. CONCLUSIONS These data show that AV22EL is a stringently regulated and potent oncolytic agent for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo G Cafferata
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Lopez MV, Blanco P, Viale DL, Cafferata EG, Carbone C, Gould D, Chernajovsky Y, Podhajcer OL. Expression of a suicidal gene under control of the human secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) promoter in tumor or stromal cells led to the inhibition of tumor cell growth. Mol Cancer Ther 2007; 5:2503-11. [PMID: 17041094 PMCID: PMC2747019 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-06-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The successful use of transcriptional targeting for cancer therapy depends on the activity of a given promoter inside the malignant cell. Because solid human tumors evolve as a "cross-talk" between the different cell types within the tumor, we hypothesized that targeting the entire tumor mass might have better therapeutic effect. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular protein overexpressed in different human cancers malignant melanomas both in the malignant cells compartment as in the stromal one (fibroblasts and endothelial cells). We have shown that expression of the herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (TK) gene driven by the SPARC promoter in combination with ganciclovir inhibited human melanoma cell growth in monolayer as well as in multicellular spheroids. This inhibitory effect was observed both in homotypic spheroids composed of melanoma cells alone as well as in spheroids made of melanoma cells and stromal cells. Expression of the TK gene was also efficient to inhibit the in vivo tumor growth of established melanomas when TK was expressed either by the malignant cells themselves or by coadministered endothelial cells. Our data suggest that the use of therapeutic genes driven by SPARC promoter could be a valuable strategy for cancer therapy aiming to target all the cellular components of the tumor mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- María V. Lopez
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Leloir Institute-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Blanco
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Leloir Institute-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego L. Viale
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Leloir Institute-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo G. Cafferata
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Leloir Institute-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica (Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud Carlos G. Malbrán), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Carbone
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - David Gould
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, Barts and the London, Queen Mary’s School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yuti Chernajovsky
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, Barts and the London, Queen Mary’s School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Osvaldo L. Podhajcer
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Leloir Institute-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
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11
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Cafferata EG, Maccio DR, Lopez MV, Viale DL, Podhajcer OL. 637. Specific Oncolytic Adenovirus Driven by Human A33 Promoter Region for Colorectal Cancer Therapy. Mol Ther 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2006.08.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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12
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González-Guerrico AM, Cafferata EG, Radrizzani M, Marcucci F, Gruenert D, Pivetta OH, Favaloro RR, Laguens R, Perrone SV, Gallo GC, Santa-Coloma TA. Tyrosine kinase c-Src constitutes a bridge between cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator channel failure and MUC1 overexpression in cystic fibrosis. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:17239-47. [PMID: 11872746 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112456200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), a disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) chloride channel, is associated in the respiratory system with the accumulation of mucus and impaired lung function. The role of the CFTR channel in the regulation of the intracellular pathways that determine the overexpression of mucin genes is unknown. Using differential display, we have observed the differential expression of several mRNAs that may correspond to putative CFTR-dependent genes. One of these mRNAs was further characterized, and it corresponds to the tyrosine kinase c-Src. Additional results suggest that c-Src is a central element in the pathway connecting the CFTR channel with MUC1 overexpression and that the overexpression of mucins is a primary response to CFTR malfunction in cystic fibrosis, which occurs even in the absence of bacterial infection.
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13
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Radrizzani M, Vilá-Ortiz G, Cafferata EG, Di Tella MC, González-Guerrico A, Perandones C, Pivetta OH, Carminatti H, Idoyaga Vargas VP, Santa-Coloma TA. Differential expression of CPD1 during postnatal development in the mouse cerebellum. Brain Res 2001; 907:162-74. [PMID: 11430900 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Several regulated mRNAs were detected by applying differential display to the mouse cerebellum during postnatal development. One cDNA fragment, referred to as CPD1 (GenBank U89345), was characterized and cloned. Northern blots showed maximum mRNA expression at postnatal day seven (P7). The mRNA encodes a protein of 260 amino acids. In situ RT-PCR showed that CPD1 is expressed mainly in granule cells and faintly in Purkinje cells. Polyclonal rabbit antibodies and oligobodies (oligonucleotide-based synthetic antibodies) revealed a protein of 34 kDa in Western blots. Immunohistochemistry showed not only marked nuclear staining but also mild cytoplasmic localization. Granule cells undergoing active division (P4) showed very little expression of CPD1 protein, which increases from P7 to P17. CPD1, affinity-purified using a chemically synthesized oligobody inhibits the activity of protein phosphatase PP2A but not protein phosphatase PP1. Differentiated PC12 cells also showed nuclear and cytoplasmic localization. Interestingly, maximal cytoplasmic CPD1/PP2A colocalization was observed near cell membrane regions that are far from growing neurites, and on growing cones. These results suggest that CPD1 might have an important role in cerebellar development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Radrizzani
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas-Fundación Campomar (UBA, CONICET), Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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14
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Cafferata EG, Guerrico AM, Pivetta OH, Santa-Coloma TA. NF-kappaB activation is involved in regulation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) by interleukin-1beta. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:15441-4. [PMID: 11278608 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m010061200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) regulates the levels of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mRNA and protein in the T84 human carcinoma cell line. Here, we studied the role of the transcription factor NF-kappaB in this regulation. Initially, T84 cells were pretreated with the NF-kappaB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. Cells were then stimulated with IL-1beta, and CFTR mRNA levels were determined after 4 h by Northern blot analysis. As a result of PDTC treatment, IL-1beta stimulation of CFTR mRNA was blocked. On the other hand, daunorubicin, an NF-kappaB activator, increased the steady-state levels of CFTR mRNA. Furthermore, after treatment with IL-1beta for 1 h, cytoplasmic IkappaBalpha degradation occurred simultaneously with translocation of p65 into the nucleus. The T84 cells were also transduced with an adenoviral vector expressing a dominant negative form of IkappaBalpha, which prevents IkappaBalpha phosphorylation and the subsequent nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB. After viral transduction, the cells were stimulated with IL-1beta for 4 h, and CFTR mRNA levels were measured by Northern blot analysis. The stimulation of CFTR, induced by IL-1beta, was also blocked in the presence of the dominant negative mutant. These results indicate that NF-kappaB is involved in the pathway by which IL-1beta regulates CFTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Cafferata
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas-Fundación Campomar (IIB, UBA; IIBBA, CONICET), 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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15
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Radrizzani M, Brocardo MG, Gonzalez Solveyra C, Bianchini M, Reyes GB, Cafferata EG, Vilá Ortiz G, Santa-Coloma TA. Development of monoclonal oligobodies and chemically synthesized oligobodies. Medicina (B Aires) 2001; 60 Suppl 2:55-60. [PMID: 11188933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligonucleotide aptamers obtained using the SELEX procedure can recognize different molecules with high affinity. However, for proteins, this recognition is limited to native conformations and the specificity has not been clearly demonstrated by methods such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry or immunoprecipitations. Using a library of oligonucleotides and a selection strategy based on high specificity instead of high affinity, we have reported previously the preparation of polyclonal oligobodies, reagents that recognize the protein PP2A in a very specific way. Here we report a method to obtain monoclonal oligobodies. The oligobody developed specifically recognized both native and denatured states of the protein CPD1 used as a model system. We further demonstrate the specificity of the monoclonal oligobody using Western blots, immunohistochemistry, and immunoprecipitation, procedures previously limited only to antibody-based detection. In addition, a confocal microscopy is shown that was obtained using an oligobody made by chemical synthesis using an oligonucleotide synthesizer, being this the first "synthetic antibody" reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Radrizzani
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas, Fundación Campomar, Buenos Aires
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16
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Radrizzani M, Broccardo M, González Solveyra C, Bianchini M, Reyes GB, Cafferata EG, Santa-Coloma TA. Oligobodies: bench made synthetic antibodies. Medicina (B Aires) 2001; 59:753-8. [PMID: 10752221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Using synthetic peptides and a combinatorial library of 56 mer random oligonucleotides, we have developed reagents that behave as "synthetic antibodies". The results obtained with the protein phosphatase 2A as a model system are shown here. The specificity of these reagents, named "oligobodies", has been demonstrated by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. The oligobodies have enormous advantages compared to antibodies: their production is independent of the immune system, they can be prepared in a few days and there is no need for a purified target protein. These reagents can be produced even if the corresponding protein was never isolated or purified, since only a partial DNA sequence from a database provides enough information to make them.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Radrizzani
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas-Fundación Campomar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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17
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Cafferata EG, González-Guerrico AM, Giordano L, Pivetta OH, Santa-Coloma TA. Interleukin-1beta regulates CFTR expression in human intestinal T84 cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 2000; 1500:241-8. [PMID: 10657593 DOI: 10.1016/s0925-4439(99)00105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive genetic disease, produced by a mutation in the CFTR gene that impairs its function as a chloride channel. In this work, we have examined the effects of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) on the expression of CFTR in human colonic T84 cells. Treatment of T84 cells with IL-1beta (0.25 ng/ml) for 4 h resulted in an increased CFTR expression (mRNA and protein). However, higher doses of IL-1beta (1 ng/ml and over) produced inhibition of CFTR mRNA and protein expression. The protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors H7 (50 microM) and GF109203X (1 microM) inhibited the stimulatory effect of IL-1beta. Similar effects were seen in the presence of the protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors genistein (60 microM) and herbymicin A (2 microM). These results suggest that some PKC isoform(s) and at least a PTK might be involved in the CFTR up-regulation induced by IL-1beta. The repression of CFTR up-regulation by cycloheximide (35.5 microM) suggests the participation of a de novo synthesized protein. Results obtained by using the RNA polymerase II inhibitor DRB (78 microM), suggest that the increased mRNA levels seen after IL-1beta treatment are not due to an increased stability of the message. We conclude that the CFTR mRNA and protein levels are modulated by IL-1beta, this cytokine being the first extracellular protein known to up-regulate CFTR gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Cafferata
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas-Fundación Campomar (IIB, UBA, IIBBA, CONICET), Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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18
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Carrillo C, Cafferata EG, Genovese J, O'Reilly M, Roberts AB, Santa-Coloma TA. TGF-beta1 up-regulates the mRNA for the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 1998; 44:543-51. [PMID: 9620452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Northern analyses of neonatal cardiac myocytes demonstrated that TGF-beta1 (5 ng/ml) stimulates and IL-1beta (5 ng/ml) decreases the steady-state levels of the mRNA coding for the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger. This is in agreement with the effects of TGF-beta1 and IL-1beta on beating rate and calcium uptake, suggesting that such effects might be mediated, at least partially, through up-regulation of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger. Basal and TGF-beta1 stimulated mRNA levels were inhibited by the PKC inhibitors H7 (10 microM) and GF109203X (250 nM). In addition, apigenin (12.5 microM), a MAP kinase inhibitor, was able to inhibit basal mRNA levels for the exchanger. Cycloheximide (35.5 microM) had no effect on basal mRNA levels for the exchanger but steady-state levels were diminished in cells treated with TGF-beta1. Finally, actinomycin D (10 microM) inhibited both basal and TGF-beta1 stimulated mRNA levels, though with a more pronounced effect in the presence of TGF-beta1. These results suggest that a complex mechanism of regulation exists for the exchanger and that PKC and possibly MAP kinases might be involved. The up-regulation of this important protein for calcium extrusion, induced by TGF-beta1, might prepare cells to better overcome the calcium overload which occurs under cellular stress and might explain some of the cytoprotective effects of TGF-beta1.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Carrillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Fundación Campomar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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19
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Cafferata EG, Gonzalez-Guerrico AM, Pivetta OH, Santa-Coloma TA. Identification by differential display of a mRNA specifically induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in T84 human colon carcinoma cells. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 1996; 42:797-804. [PMID: 8832110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
12-o-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-Acetate (TPA) down-regulates the expression of the gene responsible for cystic fibrosis (CFTR). To understand the mechanism by which TPA down-regulates CFTR, we decided to study genes specifically induced by this phorbol ester in T84 human colon carcinoma cells, which highly express CFTR, using differential display. Several strategies that allowed us to overcome false-positive reactions in differential displays are described. We have detected different cDNAs obtained from mRNAs specifically induced by TPA. A cDNA fragment corresponding to a mRNA of approximately 2.2 kb was sequenced. Part of this sequence has been reported by others in GenBank and corresponds to a cDNA from a human lung library. The function is unknown and does not have any significant homology with other sequences. It is expressed after two hrs in T84 cells treated with TPA, reaching a maximum response by four hrs. The dose-response curve shows increased mRNA levels starting at 10 ng/ml of TPA and reaching a maximum by 50 ng/ml TPA (10-fold stimulation over control). This mRNA shows a rapid and large response to TPA and it might be involved in the differentiation of T84 cells induced by TPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Cafferata
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas, Fundación Campomar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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20
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Medrano EE, Resnicoff M, Cafferata EG, Larcher F, Podhajcer O, Bover L, Molinari B. Increased secretory activity and estradiol receptor expression are among other relevant aspects of MCF-7 human breast tumor cell growth which are expressed only in the absence of serum. Exp Cell Res 1990; 188:2-9. [PMID: 2184046 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(90)90270-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We compared the morphology, clonogenic ability, Percoll gradient distribution, estrogen receptor proteins, and interactions with mesenchymal cells in MCF-7 breast tumor cells grown in medium containing fetal calf serum and insulin (FCS-I) or in a defined medium with insulin (ID) as the only growth factor. In the absence of serum and at densities below 5000-8000 cells/cm2, MCF-7 cells required epidermal growth factor, insulin, and thrombin. When cells reached a density of 23,000-26,000 cells/cm2, only insulin was necessary for optimal growth. In ID medium cells showed an enlarged Golgi apparatus and marked plasma membrane modifications, suggesting increased secretory activity. Moreover there was an increase in the release of protein products to the culture medium and a time-dependent ability of these cells to form macrocolonies in soft agar. On the contrary, cells in FCS-I showed no Golgi complex and few plasma membrane modifications. In both culture media tight junctions, desmosomes, and tonofilaments were present. We investigated the effect of conditioned media from MCF-7 cells growing in FCS-I or ID on the growth of primary rat vaginal fibroblasts. The growth of these mesenchymal cells was stimulated by FCS-I medium and inhibited by ID medium. By contrast, the embryonic fibroblast (preadipocyte) line CHEF/18 was also stimulated by FCS-I for the first 48 h, but thereafter ceased growth and acquired lipid droplets and a differentiated morphology. With ID medium, CHEF/18 cells were only partially inhibited with no changes in morphology. The Percoll gradient profiles of ID cells showed the same six fractions of increasing density as recently described. However, there was a progressive increase in subpopulations with higher growth rates and a decrease in the relative amount of the most differentiated cells. A unique feature of the growth analysis of MCF-7 cells in the absence of serum is the increased expression of the estradiol receptor gene. These studies show that the growth and differentiated properties of tumor cells can depend upon the cellular environment and offer a model system in which to further study this modulation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/ultrastructure
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Culture Media/analysis
- Culture Media/pharmacology
- Embryo, Mammalian/drug effects
- Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism
- Embryo, Mammalian/ultrastructure
- Epithelium/metabolism
- Epithelium/pathology
- Epithelium/ultrastructure
- Female
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/ultrastructure
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Insulin/analysis
- Insulin/pharmacology
- Methionine/metabolism
- Microscopy, Electron
- Proteins/metabolism
- Rats
- Receptors, Estradiol/physiology
- Serum Albumin, Bovine/analysis
- Serum Albumin, Bovine/pharmacology
- Sulfur Radioisotopes
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/pathology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/ultrastructure
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Medrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas Fundacion Campomar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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21
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Medrano EE, Cafferata EG, Larcher F. Role of thrombin in the proliferative response of T-47D mammary tumor cells. Mitogenic action and pleiotropic modifications induced together with epidermal growth factor and insulin. Exp Cell Res 1987; 172:354-64. [PMID: 3308497 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(87)90393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The growth of the human metastatic cell line (T-47D) in a chemically defined medium (DM) is shown to be dependent on the presence of three traditional growth factors: epidermal growth factor, insulin, and transferrin. The addition of thrombin further stimulates its growth. The mitogenic action on a human mammary tumor cell line from epithelial origin is a novel action of thrombin. Cells in the DM show striking morphological changes which are dramatically enhanced by the addition of thrombin. These observations are part of a pleiotropic response to the growth factors: the protein content of the cells increases in the defined medium; the 2DG gels of the 35S- and 32P-labeled proteins show important changes in spots, several of which are probably of cytoskeletal origin. It is also shown that cells in a semisolid growth factor-supplemented medium have growth advantages over their counterparts grown with serum. All the phenotypic changes mentioned above reveal the important role of growth factors in the growth and behavior of this mammary cell line. The results obtained with thrombin indicate a new site of action of this enzyme which may be important in the metastatic spread of human mammary tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Medrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Fundación Campomar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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22
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Medrano EE, Burrone OR, Ferrer MM, Cafferata EG, Algranati ID. A novel mechanism of resistance to alpha-difluoromethylornithine induced by cycloheximide. Growth with abnormally low levels of putrescine and spermidine. FEBS Lett 1986; 206:106-10. [PMID: 3093270 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(86)81349-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of the chemically transformed fibroblasts BP-A31 and other cell lines with low concentrations of cycloheximide (CHM) for 72 h followed by the removal of the protein synthesis inhibitor leads to the proliferation of alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO)-resistant phenotypes. These drug-resistant cells contain almost no ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and concomitantly very low levels of putrescine and spermidine. Southern blot analysis and measurements of ODC activity and intracellular polyamine levels showed that the described mechanism of inducing resistance to DFMO triggered by CHM does not involve ODC gene amplification, altered transport of the drug or reduced affinity of the enzyme for DFMO.
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