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Suárez E, Tobajas M, Mohedano AF, de la Rubia MA. Biowaste management by hydrothermal carbonization and anaerobic co-digestion: Synergistic effects and comparative metagenomic analysis. Waste Manag 2024; 180:1-8. [PMID: 38493518 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The feasibility of anaerobic co-digestion in semicontinuous mode of two major urban biowaste, food waste (FW) and garden and park waste (GPW) (75 % FW and 25 % GPW) as well as the co-digestion of FW with the process water originated from the hydrothermal carbonization of GPW (95 % FW and 5 % process water), both on a COD basis, has been assessed. The effect of varying organic loading rate (OLR) from 1.5 to 3.5 g COD/L·d on methane yield, gross energy recovery, and microbiome population was evaluated. For comparison, anaerobic digestion of FW was also conducted to determine the best strategy for sustainable biowaste management. This study showed an optimal OLR of 2.5 g COD/L·d. Acetic and propionic acid content increased as OLR raised for each condition studied, while methane yield decreased at the highest OLR tested indicating overloading of the system. The anaerobic co-digestion of FW and process water showed a 10 % increase on methane production compared to anaerobic digestion of FW (324 vs. 294 mL CH4 STP/L·d). Moreover, it enhances the process due to a greater abundance and diversity of hydrolytic and acidogenic bacteria belonging to Bacterioidota, Firmicutes, and Chloroflexi phyla, as well as promotes the hydrogenotrophic pathway under higher propionic concentrations which is not usually favoured for methane production. The integration of hydrothermal carbonization of GPW with the anaerobic co-digestion of 95 % FW and 5 % of process water results in the highest potential energy recovery and could be a good strategy for sustainable management of urban biowaste.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Suárez
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Tobajas
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - A F Mohedano
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - M A de la Rubia
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Paz C, Suárez E, Cabarcos A, Pinto SIS. Numerical Study of a Thrombus Migration Risk in Aneurysm After Coil Embolization in Patient Cases: FSI Modelling. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2023; 14:544-559. [PMID: 37468797 PMCID: PMC10465652 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-023-00672-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are still many challenges for modelling a thrombus migration process in aneurysms. The main novelty of the present research lies in the modelling of aneurysm clot migration process in a realistic cerebral aneurysm, and the analysis of forces suffered by clots inside an aneurysm, through transient FSI simulations. METHODS The blood flow has been modelled using a Womersley velocity profile, and following the Carreau viscosity model. Hyperelastic Ogden model has been used for clot and isotropic linear elastic model for the artery walls. The FSI coupled model was implemented in ANSYS® software. The hemodynamic forces suffered by the clot have been quantified using eight different clot sizes and positions inside a real aneurysm. RESULTS The obtained results have shown that it is almost impossible for clots adjacent to aneurysm walls, to leave the aneurysm. Nevertheless, in clots positioned in the centre of the aneurysm, there is a real risk of clot migration. The risk of migration of a typical post-coiling intervention clot in an aneurysm, in contact with the wall and occupying a significant percentage of its volume is very low in the case studied, even in the presence of abnormally intense events, associated with sneezes or impacts. CONCLUSIONS The proposed methodology allows evaluating the clot migration risk, vital for evaluating the progress after endovascular interventions, it is a step forward in the personalized medicine, patient follow-up, and helping the medical team deciding the optimal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Paz
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - E. Suárez
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - A. Cabarcos
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - S. I. S. Pinto
- Engineering Faculty of University of Porto, Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (LAETA-INEGI), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Vence J, Paz C, Suárez E, Cabarcos A, Conde-Fontenla M. Experimental evaluation of the effect of ozone treatment on the oxidation and removal of dry soot deposits of the exhaust gas recirculation system. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17861. [PMID: 37519737 PMCID: PMC10372213 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The integration of alternative energy sources as a replacement for fossil fuels across various industrial sectors, including power generation, emergency systems, or marine applications, is uncertain. As a result, the utilization of traditional fuels is not anticipated to be fully phased out in the near future. To address this, new technologies, such as those that employ oxidising atmospheres, have been explored as a means to enhance the pollution control capabilities of existing technologies, as the Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system. In this regard, the present study has assessed the efficacy of ozone atmosphere exposure in mitigating the formation of undesired fouling deposits within the system, with the aim of facilitating more efficient operation of EGR devices and extending their service life. To this end, dry soot samples have been exposed to various ozone atmospheres at different temperatures and ozone concentrations through the utilization of an experimental test bench. The oxidation potential of these atmospheres has been evaluated through the analysis of the deposit mass loss. Likewise, confocal microscopy techniques have been employed to obtain the 3D topography of the fouling samples before and after the ozone treatment, allowing the assessment of the deposit thickness reduction, as well as the surface roughness variation. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis has been conducted to examine the effects of the oxidation processes on fouling samples composition. The findings of this study have revealed that ozone atmospheres have been effective in reducing deposit mass at ozone treatment temperatures above 100 °C. The reduction in mass has reached 78.5% and 91.8% with treatment temperature of 140 °C with ozone concentrations of 30 gO3/m³ and 50 gO3/m³, respectively. It has also been established that treatment conditions with ozone concentrations of 30 gO3/m³ and 50 gO3/m³ are effective in reducing the thickness of deposits even at intermediate treatment temperatures, resulting in a thickness reduction of 78.6% and 81.1% at 80 °C, respectively. Additionally, it has been observed that the ozone exposure leads to the increase in the proportion of volatile material within the deposit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Vence
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Concepción Paz
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Eduardo Suárez
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Adrián Cabarcos
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Marcos Conde-Fontenla
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
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Lorenzo M, Ríos-Rodríguez ML, Suárez E, Hernández B, Rosales C. Quality analysis and categorisation of public space. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13861. [PMID: 36879979 PMCID: PMC9984856 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Public spaces are considered areas that promote users' physical and mental health. The role of these people in public spaces makes it necessary to evaluate such areas. In this study, 12 urban parks on the island of Tenerife were evaluated, combining the assessment of a trained observer and the perception of users, to analyse and categorise the environmental quality of the parks. The findings of this study conclude that users are good evaluators of public spaces; that the Public Space Characteristics Observation Questionnaire (PSCOQ) tool allows the classification of public spaces and that physical order is capable of predicting the environmental quality and the restorative capacity of spaces, as perceived by users. The PSCOQ observation tool makes it possible to detect the strengths and weaknesses of public spaces so they can be improved and adapted to the needs of users.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lorenzo
- Department of Cognitive, Social and Organizational Psychology, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain.,Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes, Valladolid, Spain
| | - M L Ríos-Rodríguez
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Work, Social Anthropology and E.A.O., Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - E Suárez
- Department of Cognitive, Social and Organizational Psychology, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - B Hernández
- Department of Cognitive, Social and Organizational Psychology, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - C Rosales
- Department of Cognitive, Social and Organizational Psychology, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
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Paz C, Suárez E, Cabarcos A, Díaz A. Experimental Investigation and CFD Analysis of Pressure Drop in an ORC Boiler for a WHRS Implementation. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:9437. [PMID: 36502135 PMCID: PMC9740907 DOI: 10.3390/s22239437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Waste heat dissipated in the exhaust system of a combustion engine represents a major source of energy to be recovered and converted into useful work. The Waste Heat Recovery System (WHRS) based in an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is an approach for recovering energy from heat sources, achieving a significant reduction in fuel consumption and, as a result, exhaust emissions. This paper studies pressure drop in an ORC shell-and-tubes boiler for a WHRS implementation experimentally and with computational simulations based on a 1-dimensional heat transfer model coupled with 3D calculations. An experimental database is developed, using ethanol in a pressure range of 10-15 absolute bar as working fluid, with mass fluxes inside the tubes in the range of 349.31 kg/s-m2 and 523.97 kg/s-m2, and inlet temperatures in the range of 60 °C and 80 °C. Thus, the friction factor of different regions of the boiler were estimated using both CFD simulations, experimental data, and bibliographic correlations. Simulations of operating points and the results of the experimental test bench showed good agreement in pressure drop results, with a mean absolute error of 15.47%, without a significant increment in the computational cost.
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DeLomba W, Bernstein M, Basso K, Suárez E, McLean S, Beaudoin F. 231 The Tolerability and Effectiveness of Duloxetine for the Prevention of Persistent Musculoskeletal Pain After Trauma and Injury: A Pilot Three-Group Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Emerg Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.09.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Paz C, Suárez E, Gil C, Parga O. Numerical modelling of osteocyte growth on different bone tissue scaffolds. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2021; 25:641-655. [PMID: 34459293 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2021.1972290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The most common solution for the regeneration or replacement of damaged bones is the implantation of prostheses comprising ceramic or metallic materials. However, these implants are known to cause problems such as post-operative infections, collapse of the prosthesis, and lack of osseointegration. Consequently, bone tissue engineering was established because of the limitations of such implants. Osteogenic implants offer promising solutions for bone regeneration; however, three-dimensional scaffolds should be used as supportive structures. It is challenging to correctly design these structures and their compositions or properties to provide a microenvironment that promotes tissue regeneration and expedites bone formation. Computational fluid dynamics can be used to model the main phenomena that occur in bioreactors, such as cell metabolism, nutrient transport, and cell culture growth, or to model the influence of several key mechanisms related to the fluid medium, in particular, the wall shear stress. In this work, a new numerical bone cell growth model was developed, which considered the oxygen and nutrient consumption as well as the wall shear stress effect on cell proliferation. The model was implemented using 35 three-dimensional scaffolds of different porosities, and the effect of the main geometrical parameters involved in each scaffold type was analysed. The porosity plays an important role, however, a similar porosity did not guarantee similar shear stress or cell growth among the scaffolds. Randomised trabecular scaffolds, that more closely resembled trabecular bone, showed the highest cell growth values, so these are the best candidates for cell growth in a bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Paz
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo, España.,Biofluids Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Eduardo Suárez
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo, España.,Biofluids Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Christian Gil
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo, España
| | - Oscar Parga
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo, España
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Paz C, Suárez E, Cabarcos A, Pinto SIS. FSI modeling on the effect of artery-aneurysm thickness and coil embolization in patient cases. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2021; 206:106148. [PMID: 33992899 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2021.106148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The attainment of a methodology to simulate the hemodynamic in patient-specific cerebral vessels with aneurysms is still a challenge. The novelty of this work is focused on the effect of coil embolization in a realistic cerebral aneurysm, according to the vessel wall thickness and aneurysm thickness, through transient FSI simulations. METHODS The quality of the mesh for simulations was checked with a specific mesh convergence study; and the numerical methodology was validated using numerical research data of the literature. The model was implemented in ANSYS® software. The total deformation and equivalent stress evolution in the studied cases, before and after coil embolization, were compared. More than 20 different models were employed due to different arterial wall thickness and aneurysm wall thickness combinations. RESULTS The obtained results have showed that deformation and stress values are highly influenced with the sac thickness. The thinner sac aneurysm thickness is, the greater deformation and stress are. The results after coil embolization process have highlighted that considering typical values of arterial wall thickness and aneurysm thickness 0.3 mm and 0.15 mm respectively, a deformation reduction around 50% and a stress reduction around 70% can be achieved. CONCLUSIONS The proposed methodology is a step forward in the personalized medicine, quantifying the aneurysm rupture risk reduction, and helping the medical team in the preoperative planning, or to deciding the optimal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Paz
- CINTECX, University of Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo 36310, España.
| | - E Suárez
- CINTECX, University of Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo 36310, España.
| | - A Cabarcos
- CINTECX, University of Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo 36310, España.
| | - S I S Pinto
- Engineering Faculty of University of Porto, Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (LAETA-INEGI), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
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García I, Suárez E, Maiz N, Pascual M, Perera R, Arévalo S, Giné C, Molino JA, López M, Carreras E, Manrique S. Fetal heart rate monitoring during fetoscopic repair of open spinal neural tube defects: a single-centre observational cohort study. Int J Obstet Anesth 2021; 48:103195. [PMID: 34175576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2021.103195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During fetal surgery, the haemodynamic stability of the fetus depends on the haemodynamic stability of the mother. The primary objective of this study was to assess changes in fetal heart rate (FHR) throughout the different stages of surgery. The secondary objective was to assess potential changes in maternal physiological parameters and their association with FHR. METHODS This was a single-center observational cohort study conducted between 2015 and 2019 in 26 women undergoing intra-uterine fetoscopic repair of open spina bifida. The primary outcome was FHR. Maternal physiologic parameters were measured at the beginning, during and after surgery. The linear mixed-effects model fitted by maximum likelihood was used to assess changes in each variable at specific times throughout the surgery, and the repeated measures correlation coefficient was used to study the association between FHR and maternal physiological parameters. RESULTS One (3.8%) case of fetal bradycardia (FHR <110 beats per minute) required the administration of intramuscular atropine. No other significant FHR changes were observed during surgery. Maternal oesophageal temperature (P <0.001), lactate levels (P=0.002), and mean arterial pressure (P=0.016) changed significantly during surgery, although none of these changes was clinically relevant. The FHR showed a significant association with maternal carbon dioxide tension (r=0.285, 95% CI 0.001 to 0.526) and maternal heart rate (r=0.302, 95% CI 0.025 to 0.535). CONCLUSION The FHR remained stable during intra-uterine fetoscopic repair of open spina bifida. Maternal carbon dioxide tension and heart rate may have a mild influence on FHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- I García
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Department. Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - E Suárez
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Department. Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - N Maiz
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Obstetrics Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M Pascual
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Department. Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R Perera
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Department. Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - S Arévalo
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Obstetrics Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Giné
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Paediatric Surgery Department. Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus. Barcelona, Spain
| | - J A Molino
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Paediatric Surgery Department. Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus. Barcelona, Spain
| | - M López
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Paediatric Surgery Department. Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus. Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Carreras
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Obstetrics Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Manrique
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Department. Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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Paz C, Suárez E, Concheiro M, Diaz A. Development of a Pattern Recognition Methodology with Thermography and Implementation in an Experimental Study of a Boiler for a WHRS-ORC. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:s19071680. [PMID: 30970534 PMCID: PMC6479838 DOI: 10.3390/s19071680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Waste heat dissipated in the exhaust system in a combustion engine represents a major source of energy to be recovered and converted into useful work. A waste heat recovery system (WHRS) based on an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a promising approach, and it gained interest in the last few years in an automotive industry interested in reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. Understanding the thermodynamic response of the boiler employed in an ORC plays an important role in steam cycle performance prediction and control system design. The aim of this study is, therefore, to present a methodology to study these devices by means of pattern recognition with infrared thermography. In addition, the experimental test bench and its operating conditions are described. The methodology proposed identifies the wall coordinates, traces the paths, and tracks the wall temperature along them in a way that can be exported for subsequent post-processing and analysis. As for the results, through the wall temperature paths on both sides (exhaust gas and working fluid), it was possible to quantitatively estimate the temperature evolution along the boiler and, in particular, the beginning and end of evaporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Paz
- School of Industrial Engineering, University of Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Suárez
- School of Industrial Engineering, University of Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Miguel Concheiro
- School of Industrial Engineering, University of Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Antonio Diaz
- School of Industrial Engineering, University of Vigo, Campus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
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Paz C, Suárez E, Vence J, Cabarcos A. Analysis of the volume of fluid (VOF) method for the simulation of the mucus clearance process with CFD. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2019; 22:547-566. [PMID: 30773045 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2019.1569637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The clearance of mucus through coughing is a complex, multiphase process, which is affected principally by mucus viscosity and airflow velocity; however, it is also critically affected by the thickness of the two layers of mucus-the serous and gel layers-and oscillation level. The present study examines the effects of the latter parameters more closely. To do so, the mucus clearance process is simulated with a transient 3D volume of fluid (VOF) multiphase model in ANSYS Fluent. The model includes mucus' bilayer properties and a wide range of boundary conditions were tested. The model was analysed in both a straight tube and a realistic trachea. Ultimately, the model was able to both capture air-mucus interface wave evolution and predict the overall behaviour of the clearance process. The results were consistent with experimental clearance data and numerical airflow simulations, which indicates our methodology is appropriate for future studies. Ultimately, the mere presence of the serous layer was found to increase mucus clearance by more than 15 percent. An oscillating flow enhanced clearance by up to 5 percent. Interestingly, interface wave steepness was found to be inversely correlated with mucus thickness, but directly with mucus velocity, which suggests it will be an interesting parameter for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Paz
- a School of Industrial Engineering , University of Vigo , Vigo , Spain.,b Biofluids Research Group, Galicia Sur Heath Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur) , SERGAS-UVIGO , Vigo , Spain
| | - Eduardo Suárez
- a School of Industrial Engineering , University of Vigo , Vigo , Spain.,b Biofluids Research Group, Galicia Sur Heath Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur) , SERGAS-UVIGO , Vigo , Spain
| | - Jesús Vence
- a School of Industrial Engineering , University of Vigo , Vigo , Spain
| | - Adrián Cabarcos
- a School of Industrial Engineering , University of Vigo , Vigo , Spain
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Ortiz AP, Tortolero-Luna G, Romaguera J, Pérez CM, González D, Muñoz C, González L, Marrero E, Suárez E, Palefsky JM, Panicker G, Unger ER. Seroprevalence of HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18 and correlates of exposure in unvaccinated women aged 16-64 years in Puerto Rico. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 5:109-113. [PMID: 29555601 PMCID: PMC5886958 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background To understand risk factors for HPV exposure in Puerto Rican women, we evaluated HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18 serology in women aged living in the San Juan metropolitan area. Methods As part of a cross-sectional study, a population-based sample of 524 HPV unvaccinated Hispanic women ages 16–64 years completed face-to-face and computer assisted interviews and provided blood and self-collected anal and cervical specimens. Serology used multiplex virus-like particle based-IgG ELISA and HPV DNA was detected with L1-consensus PCR. Results 32% and 47% were seropositive to HPV types included in the bivalent (16/18) and quadrivalent (6/11/16/18) vaccines, respectively. Type-specific seroprevalence was HPV6 − 29%, HPV11 − 18%, HPV16 − 23%, and HPV18 − 17%; seroprevalence was high in the youngest age-group (16–19: 26–37%). HPV seropositivity was associated with having ≥ 3 lifetime sexual partners (OR=2.5, 95% CI=1.7–3.9) and detection of anogenital HPV DNA (OR=1.8, 95% CI=1.2–2.6). Conclusions The high cumulative exposure of HPV vaccine types 6/11/16/18 in this Hispanic population was influenced by factors related to HPV exposure through sexual behavior. High seroprevalence in the youngest age-group indicates early age of exposure to HPV in Puerto Rico, highlighting the need for HPV vaccination starting prior to age 16.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Ortiz
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, USA.
| | - G Tortolero-Luna
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, USA
| | - J Romaguera
- Department of OBGYN, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, USA
| | - C M Pérez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, USA
| | - D González
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, USA
| | - C Muñoz
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, USA
| | - L González
- Puerto Rico Clinical and Translational Research Consortium, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, USA
| | - E Marrero
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, USA
| | - E Suárez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, USA
| | - J M Palefsky
- University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), USA
| | - G Panicker
- Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - E R Unger
- Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Paz C, Suárez E, Parga O, Vence J. Glottis effects on the cough clearance process simulated with a CFD dynamic mesh and Eulerian wall film model. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2017; 20:1326-1338. [PMID: 28782386 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2017.1360872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have reproduced the cough clearance process with an Eulerian wall film model. The simulated domain is based on realistic geometry from the literature, which has been improved by adding the glottis and epiglottis. The vocal fold movement has been included due to the dynamic mesh method, considering different abduction and adduction angles and velocities. The proposed methodology captures the deformation of the flexible tissue, considers non-Newtonian properties for the mucus, and enables us to reproduce a single cough or a cough epoch. The cough efficiency (CE) has been used to quantify the overall performance of the cough, considering many different boundary conditions, for the analysis of the glottis effect. It was observed that a viscous shear force is the main mechanism in the cough clearance process, while the glottis closure time and the epiglottis position do not have a significant effect on the CE. The cough assistance devices improve the CE, and the enhancement rate grows logarithmically with the operating pressure. The cough can achieve an effective mucus clearance process, even with a fixed glottis. Nevertheless, the glottis closure substantially improves the CE results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Paz
- a School of Industrial Engineering , University of Vigo , Vigo , Spain.,b Biofluids Research Group , Galicia Sur Heath Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO , Vigo , Spain
| | - Eduardo Suárez
- a School of Industrial Engineering , University of Vigo , Vigo , Spain.,b Biofluids Research Group , Galicia Sur Heath Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO , Vigo , Spain
| | - Oscar Parga
- a School of Industrial Engineering , University of Vigo , Vigo , Spain
| | - Jesús Vence
- a School of Industrial Engineering , University of Vigo , Vigo , Spain
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Paz C, Suárez E, Vence J. CFD transient simulation of the cough clearance process using an Eulerian wall film model. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2016; 20:142-152. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2016.1206532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Romaguera J, Caballero-Varona D, Tortolero-Luna G, Marrero E, Suárez E, Pérez CM, Muñoz C, Palefsky J, Ortiz AP. Factors Associated with HPV Vaccine Awareness in a Population-Based Sample of Hispanic Women in Puerto Rico. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2016; 3:281-90. [PMID: 27271069 PMCID: PMC5839125 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-015-0144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to investigate the factors associated with HPV awareness among women aged 16 to 64 years, among underserved minority Hispanic women living in Puerto Rico. METHODS A population-based, cross-sectional sample of 566 women, ages 16 to 64 years, living in the San Juan metropolitan area were surveyed regarding sexual behavior, HPV knowledge, and HPV vaccine uptake. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS Overall, 64.8 % of the women in the sample had heard about the HPV vaccine. Among those in the recommended catch-up vaccination age range (16-26 years, n = 86), 4.7 % had received at least one dose of the HPV vaccine. Of those aware of the availability of the HPV vaccine, most had learned about it through the media, whereas, only 39.6 % had learned about it from a physician. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HPV awareness (OR 8.6; 95 % CI 5.0-14.8) and having had an abnormal Pap smear (OR 2.0; 95 % CI 1.2-3.4) were associated with HPV vaccine awareness (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION HPV vaccine awareness among Hispanic women in the San Juan metropolitan area of Puerto Rico continues to be low. Strong recommendations from physicians and participation in HPV vaccine educational efforts are essential if the rate of HPV vaccination is to increase in the targeted population. Compared to the USA, and to their US Hispanic counterparts, a health disparity with regard to HPV vaccine awareness and coverage is evident in Puerto Rico; targeted action to deal with this disparity is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Romaguera
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
| | | | - G Tortolero-Luna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - E Marrero
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - E Suárez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - C M Pérez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - C Muñoz
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - J Palefsky
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - A P Ortiz
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Díez-Planelles C, Sánchez-Lozano P, Crespo MC, Gil-Zamorano J, Ribacoba R, González N, Suárez E, Martínez-Descals A, Martínez-Camblor P, Álvarez V, Martín-Hernández R, Huerta-Ruíz I, González-García I, Cosgaya JM, Visioli F, Dávalos A, Iglesias-Gutiérrez E, Tomás-Zapico C. Circulating microRNAs in Huntington's disease: Emerging mediators in metabolic impairment. Pharmacol Res 2016; 108:102-110. [PMID: 27155059 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disease, with peripheral consequences that negatively contribute to quality of life. Circulating microRNAs (cmiRNAs) are being explored for their roles in intercellular communication and gene expression regulation, which allows gaining insight into the regulation of crosstalk between neuronal and peripheral tissues. Here, we explore the cmiRNA profile of plasma samples from fifteen symptomatic patients, with 40-45 CAG repeats in the HTT gene, and seven healthy matched controls. Isolated miRNAs from plasma samples were run against human miRNome panels, which have sequences for 752 human mature miRNAs. We found that 168 cmiRNAs are altered in symptomatic patients. Considering Bonferroni's correction, miR-877-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-223-5p, miR-30d-5p, miR-128, miR-22-5p, miR-222-3p, miR-338-3p, miR-130b-3p, miR-425-5p, miR-628-3p, miR-361-5p, miR-942 are significantly increased in HD patients as compared with controls. Moreover, after patient's organization according to approved HD scales, miR-122-5p is significantly decreased in HD patients with Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale >24, whereas an increase in miR-100-5p levels and a decrease in miR-641 and miR-330-3p levels were recorded when patients were rearranged by Total Functional Capacity. These results suggest that cmiRNA profile could be further modified by disease progression, making cmiRNAs useful as monitoring biomarkers. Analysis of target genes indicated a general overexpression of cmiRNAs implicated in metabolism regulation. Profiling cmiRNA of HD subjects opens the possibility of personalized therapies for different groups of HD patients, based on disease modifiers: regulation of altered pathways might contribute to not only alleviate disease symptoms, but also influence HD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Díez-Planelles
- Department of Functional Biology, Physiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - M C Crespo
- Laboratory of Disorders of lipid Metabolism and Molecular Nutrition, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Gil-Zamorano
- Laboratory of Disorders of lipid Metabolism and Molecular Nutrition, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Ribacoba
- Neurology Service, Asturias Central University Hospital, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - N González
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Jiménez Díaz Foundation, The Autonomous University of Madrid, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Suárez
- Neurology Service, Asturias Central University Hospital, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - A Martínez-Descals
- Neurology Service, Jiménez Díaz Foundation University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Martínez-Camblor
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA; Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - V Álvarez
- Molecular Genetics Service-Laboratory of Genetics, Asturias Central University Hospital, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - R Martín-Hernández
- Laboratory of Disorders of lipid Metabolism and Molecular Nutrition, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Huerta-Ruíz
- Department of Functional Biology, Physiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - I González-García
- Department of Functional Biology, Physiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - J M Cosgaya
- Department of Endocrine and Nervous System Physiopathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - F Visioli
- Laboratory of Disorders of lipid Metabolism and Molecular Nutrition, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - A Dávalos
- Laboratory of Disorders of lipid Metabolism and Molecular Nutrition, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Iglesias-Gutiérrez
- Department of Functional Biology, Physiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - C Tomás-Zapico
- Department of Functional Biology, Physiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.
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Ortiz AP, Romaguera J, Pérez CM, González D, Muñoz C, González L, Marrero E, Tortolero-Luna G, Suárez E, Palefsky J. Prevalence, genotyping, and correlates of anogenital HPV infection in a population-based sample of women in Puerto Rico. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2:89-96. [PMID: 29074191 PMCID: PMC5886867 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Oncogenic HPV infection is associated to anogenital cancer. We estimate the prevalence and correlates of anogenital HPV infection among a population-based sample of women aged 16–64 years living in the metropolitan area of Puerto Rico. Methods 564 women completed face-to-face and computer assisted interviews and self-collected anal and cervical specimens. HPV DNA testing used MY09/MY11 consensus HPV L1 primers and beta-globin as an internal control for sample amplification. Positive specimens were typed by dot-blot hybridization. Results Weighted prevalence of cervical, anal, and cervical/anal co-infection was 29.4%, 38.6%, and 17.1%, respectively. The commonest oncogenic HPV types detected in the cervix and anus were: 68 (8% vs. 7%) and 16 (5.5% vs. 5.1%), correspondingly. Having ≥3 lifetime sexual partners (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.5–3.5) and last year anal intercourse (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1–2.5) increased the odds of anogenital HPV infection. Cervical infection was independently associated to anal infection (OR: 3.0; 95% CI: 2.0–4.6). Conclusions Similar to others, our results confirm the burden of anogenital HPV infection in women and its relationship with sexual behavior. As vaccination increases, future studies should monitor changing trends in HPV infection in this population, and the relationship between anal and cervical HPV-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Ortiz
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, United States; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, United States.
| | - J Romaguera
- Department of OBGYN, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, United States
| | - C M Pérez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, United States
| | - D González
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, United States
| | - C Muñoz
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, United States
| | - L González
- Puerto Rico Clinical and Translational Research Consortium, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, United States
| | - E Marrero
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, United States
| | - G Tortolero-Luna
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, United States; Department of OBGYN, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, United States
| | - E Suárez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, United States
| | - J Palefsky
- University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), United States
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Blanco ME, Encinas E, González O, Rico E, Vozmediano V, Suárez E, Alonso RM. Quantitative determination of fentanyl in newborn pig plasma and cerebrospinal fluid samples by HPLC-MS/MS. Drug Test Anal 2015; 7:804-11. [PMID: 25755165 DOI: 10.1002/dta.1778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a selective and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method requiring low sample volume (≤100 μL) was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of the opioid drug fentanyl in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). A protein precipitation extraction with acetonitrile was used for plasma samples whereas CSF samples were injected directly on the HPLC column. Fentanyl and (13) C6 -fentanyl (Internal Standard) were analyzed in an electrospray ionization source in positive mode, with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) of the transitions m/z 337.0/188.0 and m/z 337.0/105.0 for quantification and confirmation of fentanyl, and m/z 343.0/188.0 for (13) C6 -fentanyl. The respective lowest limits of quantification for plasma and CSF were 0.2 and 0.25 ng/mL. Intra- and inter-assay precision and accuracy did not exceed 15%, in accordance with bioanalytical validation guidelines. The described analytical method was proven to be robust and was successfully applied to the determination of fentanyl in plasma and CSF samples from a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study in newborn piglets receiving intravenous fentanyl (5 µg/kg bolus immediately followed by a 90-min infusion of 3 µg/kg/h).
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Blanco
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - E Encinas
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - O González
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain.,Analytical Bioscience Division, LACDR, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - E Rico
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - V Vozmediano
- Drug Modeling & Consulting, Dynakin, SL, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - E Suárez
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - R M Alonso
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
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Ortiz AP, Unger ER, Muñoz C, Panicker G, Tortolero-Luna G, Soto-Salgado M, Otero Y, Suárez E, Pérez CM. Cross-sectional study of HPV-16 infection in a population-based subsample of Hispanic adults. BMJ Open 2014; 4:e004203. [PMID: 24496698 PMCID: PMC3918993 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and correlates of seropositivity to human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 in a subsample of adults who participated in the parent study Epidemiology of Hepatitis C in the adult population of Puerto Rico (PR). SETTING The parent study was a population-based household survey aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of hepatitis C and other viral infections (hepatitis A, hepatitis B, HIV, and herpes simplex type 2) in PR (n=1654) between 2005 and 2008. PARTICIPANTS A subsample of the last 450 consecutive adults aged 21-64 years, recruited between February 2007 and January 2008, who participated in the parent study and agreed to participate in HPV testing. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The samples were tested by ELISA for HPV-16 viral-like particle-specific immunoglobulin G. Information on sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle characteristics was collected. Logistic regression modelling was used to estimate the prevalence odds ratio (POR) to assess factors associated to HPV-16 seropositivity. RESULTS Prevalence of seropositivity to HPV-16 was 11.3%. Seroprevalence was higher in women (15.8%) than men (5.6%; p=0.001). After adjusting for age and sex, ever smokers (POR 2.06, 95% CI 1.08 to 3.92) and participants with at least five lifetime sexual partners (POR 2.91, 95% CI 1.24 to 6.81) were more likely to be HPV-16 seropositive. CONCLUSIONS HPV-16 seropositivity is similar to that reported in the USA (10.4%) for NHANES 2003-2004 participants, although different assays were used in these studies. While future studies should evaluate HPV seroprevalence using a larger population-based sample, our results highlight the need to further understand the burden of HPV infection and HPV-related malignancies in PR, population with a low vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Ortiz
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Abstract
A noise map is a cartographic representation of the noise level distribution in a determined area and period of time. This article presents the most important aspects of the noise mapping project across Santiago, a city of nearly six million inhabitants. The study was performed employing limited information and a low-cost, vehicular traffic noise predictive model. The methodology applied to the Chilean experience can also be used to create noise maps for major cities. An evaluation of noise prediction models, considering simplifications of the modeling environment (buildings) and for the vehicular traffic flow rates attributed to the streets under study, was made. The noise levels were modeled according to recommended exposure values for the above area. The results revealed that the noise levels for the city of Santiago were high in a relevant percentage of the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Suárez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Instituto de Acústica, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
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Suárez E, Zapata-Ríos G, Utreras V, Strindberg S, Vargas J. Controlling access to oil roads protects forest cover, but not wildlife communities: a case study from the rainforest of Yasuní Biosphere Reserve (Ecuador). Anim Conserv 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2012.00592.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Suárez
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales; Universidad San Francisco de Quito; Quito; Ecuador
| | | | - V. Utreras
- Wildlife Conservation Society; Programa Ecuador; Quito; Ecuador
| | | | - J. Vargas
- Ministerio del Ambiente del Ecuador; Quito; Ecuador
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Torres I, Gomez E, Garcia E, Suárez E, Rodriguez-Sasiaín JM, Calvo R. Influence of changes in protein binding on the central activity of antidepressants. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 44:531-3. [PMID: 1359082 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1992.tb03663.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The central effect (expressed as analgesic response), protein binding and brain uptake of mianserin were measured in mice receiving drug intraperitoneally. A significant decrease of the central effect of mianserin (30 mg kg−1) was seen in mice with experimental inflammation when compared with control animals (reaction time (s)= 12·12 ± 1·22 vs 25·56 ± 2·92; P < 0·001) and the dose-analgesia response curve (10−60 mg kg−1) was significantly shifted to the right in mice with inflammation. In serum of mice with inflammation, unbound concentration of mianserin was decreased from 19·37 ± 0·73 to 17·83 ± 0·30% (P < 0·05) and seromucoid levels were significantly increased (P < 0·001). Following the intraperitoneal administration of 30 mg kg−1 of mianserin, brain uptake decreased in diseased mice when compared with control animals (P < 0·02), suggesting that the decrease in analgesia was secondary to a decrease in drug delivery to the brain because of increased protein binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Torres
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Basque Country, Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
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Guerra T, Asturgó A, Mañalich L, Suárez E, Bradbury M, Xercavins J. Laparoscopic Approach to Hysterectomy for Benign Disease: Our Experience. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2010.08.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Colón HM, Pérez CM, Meléndez M, Marrero E, Ortiz AP, Suárez E. The validity of drug use responses in a household survey in Puerto Rico: comparison of survey responses with urinalysis. Addict Behav 2010; 35:667-72. [PMID: 20223601 PMCID: PMC2856715 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2009] [Revised: 01/17/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The available evidence suggests that the validity of drug use responses in general population surveys is low. We have conducted a household survey to examine viral infections in the general population of Puerto Rico employing a number of procedures believed to increase the validity of drug use responses, as well as confidentiality and privacy: telling participants of toxicological verification of drug use prior to the interview, ACASI self-interviewing, and interviewing outside households in mobile examination units. METHODS The study employed a stratified cluster sample of 1654 adults 21 to 64 years old, 532 recruited while urine samples were being collected and 1122 recruited after urinalysis was discontinued due to budgetary reasons. RESULTS Drug use rates calculated from participants recruited while urinalysis was being conducted did not vary significantly to those derived from participants recruited after urinalysis was discontinued. Sensitivity of responses of drug use during the last three days was 80.0% for marihuana, 76.2% for cocaine, and 40.0% for heroin. The lower validity of heroin reports did not seem to be the result of underreporting as it was reported by more individuals than the test detected. CONCLUSION We conjecture that the reasonably good validity of the drug use responses might have been the result of the parent study being about a health issue other than drug use, and that interviewing was conducted outside households in mobile units. These findings buttress the value of conducting methodological trials to identify procedures which yield valid responses of drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Colón
- Center for Sociomedical Research and Evaluation, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, P.O. Box 365067, San Juan 00936-5067, Puerto Rico.
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Suárez E, Asturias EJ, Hilbert AK, Herzog C, Aeberhard U, Spyr C. A fully liquid DTPw-HepB-Hib combination vaccine for booster vaccination of toddlers in El Salvador. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2010; 27:117-24. [PMID: 20339615 DOI: 10.1590/s1020-49892010000200005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 12/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Suárez E, Morales M, Cueva R, Utreras Bucheli V, Zapata-Ríos G, Toral E, Torres J, Prado W, Vargas Olalla J. Oil industry, wild meat trade and roads: indirect effects of oil extraction activities in a protected area in north-eastern Ecuador. Anim Conserv 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00262.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Peyri J, Vida J, Marrón J, Fonseca E, Suárez E, Ledo A, Zayas JM, Luria X. Ebastine in chronic urticaria: A double-blind placebo-controlled study. J DERMATOL TREAT 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/09546639109086774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bautista LE, Casas JP, Herrera VM, Miranda JJ, Perel P, Pichardo R, González A, Sanchez JR, Ferreccio C, Aguilera X, Silva E, Oróstegui M, Gómez LF, Chirinos JA, Medina-Lezama J, Pérez CM, Suárez E, Ortiz AP, Rosero L, Schapochnik N, Ortiz Z, Ferrante D. The Latin American Consortium of Studies in Obesity (LASO). Obes Rev 2009; 10:364-70. [PMID: 19438980 PMCID: PMC2687094 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2009.00591.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Current, high-quality data are needed to evaluate the health impact of the epidemic of obesity in Latin America. The Latin American Consortium of Studies of Obesity (LASO) has been established, with the objectives of (i) Accurately estimating the prevalence of obesity and its distribution by sociodemographic characteristics; (ii) Identifying ethnic, socioeconomic and behavioural determinants of obesity; (iii) Estimating the association between various anthropometric indicators or obesity and major cardiovascular risk factors and (iv) Quantifying the validity of standard definitions of the various indexes of obesity in Latin American population. To achieve these objectives, LASO makes use of individual data from existing studies. To date, the LASO consortium includes data from 11 studies from eight countries (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Peru, Puerto Rico and Venezuela), including a total of 32,462 subjects. This article describes the overall organization of LASO, the individual studies involved and the overall strategy for data analysis. LASO will foster the development of collaborative obesity research among Latin American investigators. More important, results from LASO will be instrumental to inform health policies aiming to curtail the epidemic of obesity in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Bautista
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53726-2397, USA.
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Herrera VM, Casas JP, Miranda JJ, Perel P, Pichardo R, González A, Sanchez JR, Ferreccio C, Aguilera X, Silva E, Oróstegui M, Gómez LF, Chirinos JA, Medina-Lezama J, Pérez CM, Suárez E, Ortiz AP, Rosero L, Schapochnik N, Ortiz Z, Ferrante D, Diaz M, Bautista LE. Interethnic differences in the accuracy of anthropometric indicators of obesity in screening for high risk of coronary heart disease. Int J Obes (Lond) 2009; 33:568-76. [PMID: 19238159 PMCID: PMC2687093 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2009.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cut points for defining obesity have been derived from mortality data among Whites from Europe and the United States and their accuracy to screen for high risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in other ethnic groups has been questioned. OBJECTIVE To compare the accuracy and to define ethnic and gender-specific optimal cut points for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) when they are used in screening for high risk of CHD in the Latin-American and the US populations. METHODS We estimated the accuracy and optimal cut points for BMI, WC and WHR to screen for CHD risk in Latin Americans (n=18 976), non-Hispanic Whites (Whites; n=8956), non-Hispanic Blacks (Blacks; n=5205) and Hispanics (n=5803). High risk of CHD was defined as a 10-year risk > or =20% (Framingham equation). The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) and the misclassification-cost term were used to assess accuracy and to identify optimal cut points. RESULTS WHR had the highest AUC in all ethnic groups (from 0.75 to 0.82) and BMI had the lowest (from 0.50 to 0.59). Optimal cut point for BMI was similar across ethnic/gender groups (27 kg/m(2)). In women, cut points for WC (94 cm) and WHR (0.91) were consistent by ethnicity. In men, cut points for WC and WHR varied significantly with ethnicity: from 91 cm in Latin Americans to 102 cm in Whites, and from 0.94 in Latin Americans to 0.99 in Hispanics, respectively. CONCLUSION WHR is the most accurate anthropometric indicator to screen for high risk of CHD, whereas BMI is almost uninformative. The same BMI cut point should be used in all men and women. Unique cut points for WC and WHR should be used in all women, but ethnic-specific cut points seem warranted among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- VM Herrera
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - JP Casas
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - JJ Miranda
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - P Perel
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - R Pichardo
- Instituto Dominicano de Cardiología, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
| | - A González
- Instituto Dominicano de Cardiología, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
| | - JR Sanchez
- Centro Nacional de Alimentación y Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú
| | - C Ferreccio
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - X Aguilera
- Ministerio de Salud de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - E Silva
- Instituto de Investigación y Estudios de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - M Oróstegui
- Cardiovascular Diseases Epidemiologic Observatory, Epidemiologic Research Center, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - LF Gómez
- Health Division, Fundación FES Social, Bogotá,Colombia
| | - JA Chirinos
- Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and Philadelphia VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Medina-Lezama
- Santa Maria Catholic University and Santa Maria Research Institute, Arequipa, Perú
| | - CM Pérez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - E Suárez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - AP Ortiz
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - L Rosero
- Centro Centroamericano de Población, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - N Schapochnik
- Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, Argentina
| | - Z Ortiz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D Ferrante
- Ministerio de Salud y Ambiente, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Diaz
- Centro de Investigación Médica Académica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - LE Bautista
- on behalf of the investigators of the Latin-American Consortium of Studies in Obesity (LASO)
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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Maestro A, Álvarez A, Del Valle M, Rodríguez L, Meana A, García P, Suárez E, Rodríguez C. Double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol (Engl Ed) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1988-8856(09)70135-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Hernández AM, Toledo D, Martínez D, Griñán T, Brito V, Macías A, Alfonso S, Rondón T, Suárez E, Vázquez AM, Pérez R. Characterization of the Antibody Response against NeuGcGM3 Ganglioside Elicited in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Immunized with an Anti-Idiotype Antibody. J Immunol 2008; 181:6625-34. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.9.6625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Gerez M, Dupont M, Tello A, Suárez E, Serrano C, Galicia E. 131. EEG oscillations in the 29–30Hz range at rest and during a binding task: Relationship with perceptual processes and thought disorders. Clin Neurophysiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.04.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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34
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Estefanía E, Gómez-Lozano N, Portero F, de Pablo R, Solís R, Sepúlveda S, Vaquero M, González MA, Suárez E, Roustán G, Vilches C. Influence of KIR gene diversity on the course of HSV-1 infection: resistance to the disease is associated with the absence of KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 70:34-41. [PMID: 17559579 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2007.00844.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) causes lifelong latent infections in most humans. Periodical virus reactivations from latency in the neurons of sensitive ganglia lead to transport to mucocutaneous regions and productive replication, which results in recurrent inflammatory herpetic lesions or in asymptomatic virus shedding. The medical consequences of such lesions and the frequency of recurrences vary greatly in different subjects. Furthermore, many infected individuals never suffer manifestations of the disease, even when exposed to stimuli that trigger clinical recurrences in other humans. The origin of the variability in the clinical course of HSV-1 infection remains unexplained. Herpesviruses and other pathogens sabotage the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules by infected cells, thus subverting T-cell-mediated immunity. Subversion of antigen presentation is counteracted by natural killer cells, which survey the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression by specific receptors. These include the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), which are encoded by a complex of extremely diverse and rapidly evolving genes. Here, we analyze the contribution of KIR gene diversity to the variable clinical course of HSV-1 infection by comparing the distribution of these genes in humans with clinical manifestations of the disease with that in asymptomatically infected donors. This study provides preliminary evidence that the receptors KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS2 predispose to symptomatic HSV-1 infection and favor the frequently recurring forms of the disease. Possible contribution of the 'HLA-C1' ligand to HSV-1 disease was not statistically supported. Because of an absolute genetic linkage between KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS2, we could not determine which receptor was primarily responsible for the observed association, but our results suggest that presence in the genome of KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS2 hinders an effective cellular response to HSV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Estefanía
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, San Martin de Porres 4, 28035 Madrid, Spain
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Alfonso S, Diaz RM, de la Torre A, Santiesteban E, Aguirre F, Pérez K, Rodríguez JL, Barroso MDC, Hernández AM, Toledo D, Gabri MR, Alonso DF, Viada C, Gómez RE, Suárez E, Vazquez AM, Perez R, Macias AE. 1E10 anti-idiotype vaccine in non-small cell lung cancer: experience in stage IIIb/IV patients. Cancer Biol Ther 2007; 6:1847-52. [PMID: 18075301 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.6.12.5000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has apparently reached a plateau of effectiveness in improving the survival of the patients. For that reason the search for new therapeutic strategies in this type of tumor is justified. 1E10 is an anti-idiotype murine monoclonal antibody (Ab2 MAb) specific to P3 Ab1 MAb, which reacts with NeuGc-containing gangliosides, sulfatides and with antigens expressed in some tumors, including those from the lung. We report the treatment with aluminum hydroxide-precipitated 1E10 MAb of 34 stage IIIb and 37 stage IV NSCLC patients. These patients were treated with the anti-idiotype vaccine, after received standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy, in a compassionate-use basis study. Patients received five bi-weekly injections of 1 mg of 1E10/Alum, other 10 doses at 28-day intervals and later the patients who maintained a good performance status continued to be immunized at this same time interval. No evidence of unexpected or serious adverse effects was reported. The median survival time of the 56 patients who entered the study with partial response or disease stabilization and with a PS 1 after the first line of chemo/radiotherapy, was 11.50 months from starting vaccination. In contrast, the median survival time calculated for patients who started vaccination with progressive disease and/or a PS2 was 6.50 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saily Alfonso
- Celestino Hernández Robau Hospital, Villa Clara, Cuba
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Sariol CA, González-Martínez J, Arana T, Gascot S, Suárez E, Maldonado E, Gerald MS, Rodríguez M, Kraiselburd EN. Differential distribution of antibodies to different viruses in young animals in the free-ranging rhesus macaques of Cayo Santiago. J Med Primatol 2007; 35:369-75. [PMID: 17214665 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2006.00174.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The breeding colony of free-ranging rhesus macaques was established in 1938 in Cayo Santiago (CS) with animals collected in northern India. The seroprevalence to cercopithecine herpesvirus type 1 (B virus) and simian retroviruses has been studied previously. RESULTS This is the first report on the seropositivity to different viruses using samples collected shortly after removing animals (n = 245) from CS. All samples were negative for measles, simian immunodeficiency virus and simian type D retroviruses. The overall prevalence of antibodies was around 50% for simian T-lymphotropic virus I (STLV-I). For B virus, the prevalence was 38%. CONCLUSIONS Data obtained showed marked differences in the antibody distribution to B virus and STLV-I within the free-ranging colony of rhesus macaques. Implication of these data for the Specific Pathogen Free program at the Caribbean Primate Research Center are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Sariol
- Caribbean Primate Research Center, Unit of Comparative Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA.
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de la Tassa CM, Avanzas P, Martín M, Lozano I, Lee D, Lasa G, Hevia S, Suárez E, Llaneza JM, Vega F, Fernández F. Thoracic aorta units: an opened avenue to cardiologists. Int J Cardiol 2006; 112:243-4. [PMID: 16253357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2005] [Accepted: 04/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38
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Cuesta ÁM, Suárez E, Larsen M, Jensen KB, Sanz L, Compte M, Kristensen P, Álvarez-Vallina L. Enhancement of DNA vaccine potency through linkage of antigen to filamentous bacteriophage coat protein III domain I. Immunology 2006; 117:502-6. [PMID: 16556264 PMCID: PMC1782252 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2006.02325.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although DNA-based cancer vaccines have been successfully tested in mouse models, a major drawback of cancer vaccination still remains, namely that tumour antigens are weak and fail to generate a vigorous immune response in tumour-bearing patients. Genetic technology offers strategies for promoting immune pathways by adding immune-activating genes to the tumour antigen sequence. In this work, we converted a model non-immunogenic antigen into a vaccine by fusing it to domain I of the filamentous bacteriophage coat protein III gene. Vaccination with a DNA construct encoding the domain I fusion generated antigen-specific T helper 1-type cellular immune responses. These results demonstrate that the incorporation of protein III into a DNA vaccine formulation can modulate the gene-mediated immune response and may thus provide a strategy for improving its therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel M Cuesta
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de HierroMadrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Suárez
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de HierroMadrid, Spain
| | - Martin Larsen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of AarhusAarhus, Denmark
| | - Kim Bak Jensen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of AarhusAarhus, Denmark
| | - Laura Sanz
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de HierroMadrid, Spain
| | - Marta Compte
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de HierroMadrid, Spain
| | - Peter Kristensen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of AarhusAarhus, Denmark
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Suárez E, Magadán S, Sanjuán I, Valladares M, Molina A, Gambón F, Díaz-Espada F, González-Fernández A. Rearrangement of only one human IGHV gene is sufficient to generate a wide repertoire of antigen specific antibody responses in transgenic mice. Mol Immunol 2006; 43:1827-35. [PMID: 16343622 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2005.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2005] [Revised: 10/28/2005] [Accepted: 10/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, mice carrying human IG transgenes are being generated for the production of human monoclonal antibodies as an alternative approach to the conventional use of mouse or chimeric-humanized antibodies. Theoretically, the size of the repertoire of human antibodies that these mice could produce would be critically dependent on the number of human V genes introduced in the transgene. This could be the case for BABkappa and BABkappa,lambda transgenic mice, which carry several genes from the human IGK (BABkappa), and IGK and IGL (BABkappa,lambda) loci, but only five human IGHV genes and the entire IGHD-IGHJ cluster linked to two human IGHC (IGHM-IGHD) genes. We analyzed the expressed human IG genes in 30 IgM-secreting hybridomas generated from transgenic mice immunized either with soluble proteins (human IgM coupled to KLH) or with cells (human PBMC, tumour cell lines or rat cells transfected with human CD69). The results show that all hybridoma cells analyzed rearranged exclusively the IGHV1-2 gene, in contrast with naive spleen B cells that used three out of the five IGHV genes present in the transgene. The configuration of the rearranged CDR3 region revealed a much higher heterogeneity in the heavy chains. A variety of IGHJ and IGHD genes were used in hybridomas, and somatic mutations were also seen in some hybrids. Regarding the rearranged light chains genes, it was a much higher variety in the use of V and J genes in both, kappa and lambda chains, than in the heavy chain, and also in the level of mutation. The results indicate that only one IGHV gene is sufficient to generate a wide repertoire of antigen specific antibody responses. Thus, efforts aimed at the generation of new transgenic mice should focus more on the integrity of the D/J region and on the DNA regions regulating somatic hypermutation, rather than on the number of V genes present in the transgene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Suárez
- Servicio de Inmunología, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, C/ San Martín de Porres 4, 28035 Madrid, Spain
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40
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Castro-Fernández M, Sánchez-Muñoz D, Galán-Jurado MV, Larraona JL, Suárez E, Lamas E, Rodríguez-Hornillo MC, Pabón M. [Influence of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in gastrointestinal bleeding due to gastroduodenal ulcers or erosions in patients with liver cirrhosis]. Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 29:11-4. [PMID: 16393624 DOI: 10.1157/13083251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peptic ulcer disease, with or without complications, is more common in patients with liver cirrhosis than in the general population. Factors associated with portal hypertension are involved in its pathogenesis. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with liver cirrhosis and the general population is similar. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the etiology of bleeding peptic ulcer disease in patients with liver cirrhosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied 35 patients with liver cirrhosis and gastrointestinal bleeding due to gastroduodenal ulcers or erosions (group A), 125 noncirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal bleeding due to gastroduodenal ulcers or erosions (group B), and 70 patients with liver cirrhosis who were admitted to hospital without gastrointestinal bleeding (group C). All patients were questioned about NSAID consumption, including aspirin, during the week prior to hospital admission. RESULTS NSAID consumption was reported by 15 patients (42.8%) in group A, 102 patients (58.2%) in group B, and 6 patients (8.5%) in group C. Statistically significant differences were obtained when the results for group A were compared with those for group C. CONCLUSIONS NSAID consumption in patients with liver cirrhosis without gastrointestinal bleeding was low (8.5%) and was much lower than that observed in patients with cirrhosis admitted to hospital for bleeding due to gastroduodenal ulcers or erosions (42.8%). As occurs in the general population, NSAIDs play a significant role in the pathogenesis of bleeding due to peptic ulcer disease in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Castro-Fernández
- Sección de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
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41
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Suárez E, Figueruela B. [Patient information. Inactive HBV-carrier]. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2005; 97:916. [PMID: 16604737 DOI: 10.4321/s1130-01082005001200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Suárez
- Sección de Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla
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Suárez E, Alonso-Vega C, Torrico F, Córdova M. [Integral treatment of congenital Chagas disease: the Bolivian experience ]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2005; 38 Suppl 2:21-3. [PMID: 16482807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We have analyzed the response to the treatment with benznidazol in newborns and nurslings in the Hospital Materno Infantil Germán Urquidi of Cochabamba, Bolivia, between 1999 and 2002. It is important an integral treatment of the nursling with a subsequent information directed to the family. The response was close to 100% when the treatment was correctly administrated. They were not adverse effects and the detected biochemical alterations did not present clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Suárez
- Centro Universitario de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Simon (U.M.S.S.), Avenida Aniceto Arce 371, casilla 3023, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
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43
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García Bernárdez AM, Suárez E, García Díez A, Gallego Villalobos M, Vallina Alvarez E, Arribas Castrillo JM. [Pulmonary artery sarcoma]. Rev Clin Esp 2004; 204:549-50. [PMID: 15456611 DOI: 10.1157/13066183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Suárez E, Prado M, Sánchez R, Nouel G. Intake and digestibility of <i>Acacia macracantha</i> and
<i>A. tamarindifolia</i> in mixed rations with agricultural
byproducts in goats. J Anim Feed Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/73842/2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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45
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Suárez E, Yáñez R, Barrios Y, Díaz-Espada F. Human monoclonal antibodies produced in transgenic BABκ,λ mice recognising idiotypic immunoglobulins of human lymphoma cells. Mol Immunol 2004; 41:519-26. [PMID: 15183930 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2004.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Clonal idiotypic immunoglobulins of follicular lymphomas can be isolated by somatic fusion procedures. Idiotypic IgMs (Id-IgM) were isolated from two patients and used to immunise a strain of mice, deficient in mouse antibody production and engineered with yeast artificial chromosomes (YAC) containing fragments of the human immunoglobulin (Ig) micro/delta heavy chain and kappa/lambda light chain loci. Sequence analysis showed that hybridomas prepared from spleen cells of immunised mice expressed exclusively one of the six VH genes (VH1-2) present in the YAC transgene with different D/J rearrangements, and secrete fully human monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that recognised the tumour-specific IgM proteins. Further studies of the reactivity of the monoclonal anti-human Id-IgM antibodies revealed that they are specific for the individual protein of each patient and probably react with idiotypic determinants. In one case studied, the antibody recognised specifically the lymphoma cell expressing the corresponding idiotypic IgM and lysed those cells in the presence of complement. This is the first example of a human monoclonal antibody with such characteristics and may be of further use in the therapy of patients with B cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Suárez
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Clínica Puerta de Hierro, San Martín de Porres 4, Madrid 28035, Spain
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Nogales MC, Serrano MC, Suárez E, Corpas R, Pérez L, Claro R, Jarana R, Romero-Gómez M, Martín-Mazuelos E. Determinación del genotipo del virus de la hepatitis B y detección de mutaciones de resistencia al tratamiento con lamivudina. Gastroenterología y Hepatología 2004; 27:515-20. [PMID: 15544736 DOI: 10.1016/s0210-5705(03)70518-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in southern Seville (Spain) and investigate the development of lamivudine-resistance mutations by using a hybridization technique with specific probes and by comparing the results with those of the direct sequencing technique. To evaluate the temporal relationship between variations in the level of HBV-DNA and detection of mutant variants. To analyze the influence of several genotypes on the pattern of mutations developed and on values of viral load and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) after their development. PATIENTS AND METHOD In 37 patients with chronic HBV infection, HBV genotype was determined using the LiPA technique. In 10 of these patients undergoing lamivudine treatment for a mean of 19.2 months, the development of lamivudine-resistant mutations was investigated. In these 10 patients, the LiPA technique was compared with direct sequencing. During lamivudine treatment, we determined HBV-DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ALT every 3-6 months. RESULTS The most frequent genotypes were D (45.9%) and A (18.9%); 2 patients were genotype B while 18.9% had mixed genotypes. Sequencing showed identical results except in one mixed genotype. Mutations were found in 60% of the cases. The results of sequencing were in agreement, except in the detection of mixed populations composed of mutants and wild-type (WT). Patients with genotype A showed the pattern M204I+WT in the first 12 months and those with genotype D showed the pattern L180M+M204V with or without WT at 18 months. In 5/6 cases, an increase of > 1 log10 in HBV-DNA was observed 3-8 months before the mutation was detected by LiPA. In patients with genotype B, levels of HBV-DNA and ALT after the development of mutations was lower than basal levels and was also lower than those in patients with genotypes A and D. CONCLUSIONS The LiPA technique for determination of HBV genotype and detection of lamivudine-resistance mutations shows excellent correlation with the most complex sequencing technique. Genotype D predominates in southern Seville. During lamivudine treatment, an increase in the level of HBV-DNA detected by PCR predicts the development of mutations before these are demonstrated by LiPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Nogales
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain.
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García Bernárdez A, Suárez E, García Díez A, Gallego Villalobos M, Vallina Álvarez E, Arribas Castrillo J. Obstrucción de la arteria pulmonar. Rev Clin Esp 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2565(04)71541-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Menéndez-González M, García C, Suárez E, Fernández-Díaz D, Blázquez-Menes B. [Wallenberg's syndrome secondary to dissection of the vertebral artery caused by chiropractic manipulation]. Rev Neurol 2003; 37:837-9. [PMID: 14606051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chiropractic manipulations of the cervical region are techniques that are used more and more frequently to treat a number of osteomuscular pathologies, but can give rise to important complications, such as the dissection of the cervical arteries. Dissection of the vertebral artery generally presents as alternating syndromes, of which Wallenberg s syndrome, either complete or incomplete, is the most frequent. In this paper we review the literature published to date on the pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical features, chronopathology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this complication. CASE REPORT We describe the case of a young patient who suffered from incomplete Wallenberg s syndrome a few hours after a single session of cervical chiropractic manipulation, and we also show the resonance images that were used to support the diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS The appearance of a pain in the neck and neurological symptoms in a patient who has undergone chiropractic manipulation in the last few hours or days must lead us to consider a possible dissection of the cervical arteries. Dissection of the vertebral artery usually gives rise to alternating syndromes, the most frequent of which is lateral bulbomedullary infarction or Wallenberg s syndrome due to proximal occlusion of the posteroinferior cerebellar artery. Magnetic resonance angiography of the supra aortic trunks and cranial magnetic resonance scanning are valid techniques for demonstrating the dissection of the artery and the associated ischemic lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Menéndez-González
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, España.
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Sanz L, García-Bermejo L, Blanco FJ, Kristensen P, Feijóo M, Suárez E, Blanco B, Alvarez-Vallina L. A novel cell binding site in the coiled-coil domain of laminin involved in capillary morphogenesis. EMBO J 2003; 22:1508-17. [PMID: 12660158 PMCID: PMC152894 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/cdg150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we reported the isolation and characterization of an anti-laminin antibody that modulates the extracellular matrix-dependent morphogenesis of endothelial cells. Here we use this antibody to precisely map the binding site responsible for mediating this biologically important interaction. By using a phage display-assisted mapping strategy to preserve protein structure, we demonstrate for the first time that the coiled-coil region of laminin contains a cell binding site. The adhesion motif is formed by residues contributed by both alpha and gamma chains, and is located in the middle part of the rod-like portion in a highly flexible area, which corresponds to a protease-susceptible site. Based on this information, a peptide mimotope was used to characterize the cognate receptor. Although we can not rule out the implication of other receptors, our results demonstrate that the laminin helical rod active site interacts with alpha2beta1 integrin on the surface of endothelial cells. These findings provide new insight into the complex mechanisms regulating capillary morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sanz
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Clínica Puerta de Hierro, 28035 Madrid
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