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Zheng X, Babst F, Camarero JJ, Li X, Lu X, Gao S, Sigdel SR, Wang Y, Zhu H, Liang E. Density-dependent species interactions modulate alpine treeline shifts. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14403. [PMID: 38577961 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Species interactions such as facilitation and competition play a crucial role in driving species range shifts. However, density dependence as a key feature of these processes has received little attention in both empirical and modelling studies. Herein, we used a novel, individual-based treeline model informed by rich in situ observations to quantify the contribution of density-dependent species interactions to alpine treeline dynamics, an iconic biome boundary recognized as an indicator of global warming. We found that competition and facilitation dominate in dense versus sparse vegetation scenarios respectively. The optimal balance between these two effects was identified at an intermediate vegetation thickness where the treeline elevation was the highest. Furthermore, treeline shift rates decreased sharply with vegetation thickness and the associated transition from positive to negative species interactions. We thus postulate that vegetation density must be considered when modelling species range dynamics to avoid inadequate predictions of its responses to climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Flurin Babst
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Xiaoxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shalik Ram Sigdel
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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2
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Xie Y, Shen Z, Wang T, Malanson GP, Peñuelas J, Wang X, Chen X, Liang E, Liu H, Yang M, Ying L, Zhao F, Piao S. Uppermost global tree elevations are primarily limited by low temperature or insufficient moisture. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17260. [PMID: 38563236 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The impact of anthropogenic global warming has induced significant upward dispersal of trees to higher elevations at alpine treelines. Assessing vertical deviation from current uppermost tree distributions to potential treeline positions is crucial for understanding ecosystem responses to evolving global climate. However, due to data resolution constraints and research scale limitation, comprehending the global pattern of alpine treeline elevations and driving factors remains challenging. This study constructed a comprehensive quasi-observational dataset of uppermost tree distribution across global mountains using Google Earth imagery. Validating the isotherm of mean growing-season air temperature at 6.6 ± 0.3°C as the global indicator of thermal treeline, we found that around two-thirds of uppermost tree distribution records significantly deviated from it. Drought conditions constitute the primary driver in 51% of cases, followed by mountain elevation effect which indicates surface heat (27%). Our analyses underscore the multifaceted determinants of global patterns of alpine treeline, explaining divergent treeline responses to climate warming. Moisture, along with temperature and disturbance, plays the most fundamental roles in understanding global variation of alpine treeline elevation and forecasting alpine treeline response to ongoing global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Xie
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zehao Shen
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangwu Chen
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzheng Yang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingxiao Ying
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fu Zhao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shilong Piao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
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3
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Zhang Y, Huang JG, Wang M, Wang W, Deslauriers A, Fonti P, Liang E, Mäkinen H, Oberhuber W, Rathgeber CBK, Tognetti R, Treml V, Yang B, Zhai L, Antonucci S, Buttò V, Camarero JJ, Campelo F, Čufar K, De Luis M, Fajstavr M, Giovannelli A, Gričar J, Gruber A, Gryc V, Güney A, Jyske T, Kašpar J, King G, Krause C, Lemay A, Lombardi F, Del Castillo EM, Morin H, Nabais C, Nöjd P, Peters RL, Prislan P, Saracino A, Shishov VV, Swidrak I, Vavrčík H, Vieira J, Zeng Q, Rossi S. High preseason temperature variability drives convergence of xylem phenology in the Northern Hemisphere conifers. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1161-1167.e3. [PMID: 38325374 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Wood growth is key to understanding the feedback of forest ecosystems to the ongoing climate warming. An increase in spatial synchrony (i.e., coincident changes in distant populations) of spring phenology is one of the most prominent climate responses of forest trees. However, whether temperature variability contributes to an increase in the spatial synchrony of spring phenology and its underlying mechanisms remains largely unknown. Here, we analyzed an extensive dataset of xylem phenology observations of 20 conifer species from 75 sites over the Northern Hemisphere. Along the gradient of increase in temperature variability in the 75 sites, we observed a convergence in the onset of cell enlargement roughly toward the 5th of June, with a convergence in the onset of cell wall thickening toward the summer solstice. The increase in rainfall since the 5th of June is favorable for cell division and expansion, and as the most hours of sunlight are received around the summer solstice, it allows the optimization of carbon assimilation for cell wall thickening. Hence, the convergences can be considered as the result of matching xylem phenological activities to favorable conditions in regions with high temperature variability. Yet, forest trees relying on such consistent seasonal cues for xylem growth could constrain their ability to respond to climate warming, with consequences for the potential growing season length and, ultimately, forest productivity and survival in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jian-Guo Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Minhuang Wang
- Department of Ecology, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wenjin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Annie Deslauriers
- Laboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Patrick Fonti
- Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Eryuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Harri Mäkinen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Walter Oberhuber
- Department of Botany, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Roberto Tognetti
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
| | - Václav Treml
- Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Charles University, Prague 12843, Czech Republic
| | - Bao Yang
- School of Geograph and Oceanograph Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Lihong Zhai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Serena Antonucci
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
| | - Valentina Buttò
- Forest Research Institute, Université du Quebec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, QC J9X5E4, Canada
| | - J Julio Camarero
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Avda. Montañana 1005, Zaragoza 50192, Spain
| | - Filipe Campelo
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra 3000-456, Portugal
| | - Katarina Čufar
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Wood Science and Technology, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martin De Luis
- Department of Geography and Regional Planning, Environmental Science Institute, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Marek Fajstavr
- Department of Wood Science and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, Brno 61300, Czech Republic
| | - Alessio Giovannelli
- CNR - Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri, IRET, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Jožica Gričar
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna Pot 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andreas Gruber
- Department of Botany, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Vladimír Gryc
- Department of Wood Science and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, Brno 61300, Czech Republic
| | - Aylin Güney
- Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Faculty of Forestry, Balatçık Mahallesi Havaalanı Şosesi No:33/2 Balatçık, Çiğli, Izmir 35620, Turkey
| | - Tuula Jyske
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jakub Kašpar
- Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Charles University, Prague 12843, Czech Republic; Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Department of Forest Ecology, 252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Gregory King
- Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland; Department of Sciences, University of Alberta - Augustana Campus, Camrose, AB T4V 2R3, Canada
| | - Cornelia Krause
- Laboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Audrey Lemay
- Laboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Fabio Lombardi
- AGRARIA Department, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria 89124, Italy
| | - Edurne Martínez Del Castillo
- Department of Geography and Regional Planning, Environmental Science Institute, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Hubert Morin
- Laboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Cristina Nabais
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra 3000-456, Portugal
| | - Pekka Nöjd
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Richard L Peters
- Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland; Physiological Plant Ecology, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 6, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Prislan
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna Pot 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Antonio Saracino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", 80055 Portici-Napoli, Italy
| | - Vladimir V Shishov
- Institute of Economics and Trade, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk 660075, Russia
| | - Irene Swidrak
- Department of Botany, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hanuš Vavrčík
- Department of Wood Science and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, Brno 61300, Czech Republic
| | - Joana Vieira
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra 3000-456, Portugal
| | - Qiao Zeng
- Key Lab of Guangdong for Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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Li D, Li X, Li Z, Fu Y, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Liang E, Rossi S. Drought limits vegetation carbon sequestration by affecting photosynthetic capacity of semi-arid ecosystems on the Loess Plateau. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:168778. [PMID: 38008313 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Drought is the driver for ecosystem production in semi-arid areas. However, the response mechanism of ecosystem productivity to drought remains largely unknown. In particular, it is still unclear whether drought limits the production via photosynthetic capacity or phenological process. Herein, we assess the effects of maximum seasonal photosynthesis, growing season length, and climate on the annual gross primary productivity (GPP) in vegetation areas of the Loess Plateau using multi-source remote sensing and climate data from 2001 to 2021. We found that maximum seasonal photosynthesis rather than growing season length dominates annual GPP, with above 90 % of the study area showing significant and positive correlation. GPP and maximum seasonal photosynthesis were positively correlated with self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index (scPDSI), standardized precipitation and evapotranspiration index (SPEI) in >95 % of the study area. Structural equation model demonstrated that both drought indices contributed to the annual GPP by promoting the maximum seasonal photosynthesis. Total annual precipitation had a positive and significant effect on two drought indices, whereas the effects of temperature and radiation were not significant. Evidence from wood formation data also confirmed that low precipitation inhibited long-term carbon sequestration by decreasing the maximum growth rate in forests. Our findings suggest that drought limits ecosystem carbon sequestration by inhibiting vegetation photosynthetic capacity rather than phenology, providing a support for assessing the future dynamics of the terrestrial carbon cycle and guiding landscape management in semi-arid ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dou Li
- College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Center for Pan-third Pole Environment, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Zongshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Yang Fu
- Center for Pan-third Pole Environment, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; College of Earth and Environment Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jingtian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Yijin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Laboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi G7H2B1, Canada
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5
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He KJ, Gong G, Liang E, Lv Y, Lin S, Xu J. Pan-cancer analysis of 60S Ribosomal Protein L7-Like 1 (RPL7L1) and validation in liver hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2024; 40:101844. [PMID: 38042135 PMCID: PMC10701367 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is an association between cancer and increased ribosome biogenesis. At present, the RPL7L1 (60S Ribosomal Protein L7-Like 1) were less reported by literature search. Study reports that RPL7L1 is associated with mouse embryonic and skeletal muscle. The study of RPL7L1 on tumors has not been reported. METHODS Our team downloaded the pan-cancer dataset that is uniformly normalized from the UCSC database (N=19131). Our study examined the relationship between RPL7L1 expression level and clinical prognosis with methylation, anti-tumour immunity, functional states, MSI, TMB, DNSss, LOH and chemotherapeutic responses in 43 cancer types and subtypes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS RPL7L1 was overexpressed in nine tumor types. Gene mutation, tumor microenvironment and methylation modification of RPL7L1 plays a key role in patient prognosis. And the high expression of RPL7L1 was associated with TMB, MSI, LOH especially LIHC and HNSC. We experimentally verified that genes can promote the proliferation and migration of tumor cells. Our study suggested that RPL7L1 biomarker can be used for treating cancer, detecting it, and predicting its prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jie He
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou city, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Guoyu Gong
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen China
| | - E Liang
- Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xiamen China
| | - Yangbo Lv
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou city, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuiquan Lin
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou city, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianguang Xu
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou city, Zhejiang Province, China.
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He X, Jiang X, Spracklen DV, Holden J, Liang E, Liu H, Xu C, Du J, Zhu K, Elsen PR, Zeng Z. Global distribution and climatic controls of natural mountain treelines. Glob Chang Biol 2023; 29:7001-7011. [PMID: 37477066 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Mountain treelines are thought to be sensitive to climate change. However, how climate impacts mountain treelines is not yet fully understood as treelines may also be affected by other human activities. Here, we focus on "closed-loop" mountain treelines (CLMT) that completely encircle a mountain and are less likely to have been influenced by human land-use change. We detect a total length of ~916,425 km of CLMT across 243 mountain ranges globally and reveal a bimodal latitudinal distribution of treeline elevations with higher treeline elevations occurring at greater distances from the coast. Spatially, we find that temperature is the main climatic driver of treeline elevation in boreal and tropical regions, whereas precipitation drives CLMT position in temperate zones. Temporally, we show that 70% of CLMT have moved upward, with a mean shift rate of 1.2 m/year over the first decade of the 21st century. CLMT are shifting fastest in the tropics (mean of 3.1 m/year), but with greater variability. Our work provides a new mountain treeline database that isolates climate impacts from other anthropogenic pressures, and has important implications for biodiversity, natural resources, and ecosystem adaptation in a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Xin Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | | | | | - Eryuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- College of Urban and Environmental Science and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chongyang Xu
- College of Urban and Environmental Science and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhui Du
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
- Institute for Global Change Biology and School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Paul R Elsen
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Global Conservation Program, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Zhenzhong Zeng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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7
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Huang Y, Zhang L, Liu T, Liang E. LMNB1 targets FOXD1 to promote progression of prostate cancer. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:513. [PMID: 37840569 PMCID: PMC10570766 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box D1 (FOXD1) expression is upregulated in various types of human cancer. To the best of our knowledge, the roles of FOXD1 in prostate cancer (PC) remain largely unknown. The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset was used for the bioinformatics analysis of FOXD1 in PC. FOXD1 expression levels in normal immortalized human prostate epithelial cells (RWPE-1) and prostate cancer cells were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. PC cell viability was detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Transwell assays were performed to assess the migration and invasion of PC cells. Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to validate the association between FOXD1 and lamin (LMN)B1. LMNB1 is an important part of the cytoskeleton, which serves an important role in the process of tumor occurrence and development, regulating apoptosis and DNA repair. FOXD1 expression was upregulated in PC tissues, with its high expression being associated with clinical stage and survival in PC. Knockdown of FOXD1 inhibited viability, migration and invasion of PC cells. FOXD1 positively regulated LMNB1 expression. The effect of FOXD1 knockdown on PC cells was reversed by LMNB1 overexpression. In conclusion, FOXD1, positively regulated by LMNB1, served as an oncogene in PC and may be a potential biomarker and treatment target for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanshe Huang
- Agriculture College, Innovation Center for Efficient Agricultural of Guizhou Mountain Characteristics, Anshun University, Anshun, Guizhou 561000, P.R. China
| | - Lai Zhang
- Agriculture College, Innovation Center for Efficient Agricultural of Guizhou Mountain Characteristics, Anshun University, Anshun, Guizhou 561000, P.R. China
| | - Tianlei Liu
- Agriculture College, Innovation Center for Efficient Agricultural of Guizhou Mountain Characteristics, Anshun University, Anshun, Guizhou 561000, P.R. China
| | - E Liang
- Agriculture College, Innovation Center for Efficient Agricultural of Guizhou Mountain Characteristics, Anshun University, Anshun, Guizhou 561000, P.R. China
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8
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Chen J, Wang Y, Sun J, Wang Y, Li W, Zhang J, Huo H, Liang E. Mitigating the effects of human activities to promote human-wildlife coexistence in urban ecosystems. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:2295-2297. [PMID: 37598061 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yingxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wencheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jianxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Earth and Environment Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Huangyu Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Gao S, Camarero JJ, Babst F, Liang E. Global tree growth resilience to cold extremes following the Tambora volcanic eruption. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6616. [PMID: 37857605 PMCID: PMC10587176 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the global climate is warming, external forcing driven by explosive volcanic eruptions may still cause abrupt cooling. The 1809 and 1815 Tambora eruptions caused lasting cold extremes worldwide, providing a unique lens that allows us to investigate the magnitude of global forest resilience to and recovery from volcanic cooling. Here, we show that growth resilience inferred from tree-ring data was severely impacted by cooling in high latitudes and elevations: the average tree growth decreased substantially (up to 31.8%), especially in larch forests, and regional-scale probabilities of severe growth reduction (below -2σ) increased up to 1390%. The influence of the eruptions extended longer (beyond the year 1824) in mid- than in high-latitudes, presumably due to the combined impacts of cold and drought stress. As Tambora-size eruptions statistically occur every 200-400 years, assessing their influences on ecosystems can help humankind mitigate adverse impacts on natural resources through improved management, especially in high latitude and elevation regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - J Julio Camarero
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), 50059, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Flurin Babst
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Eryuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
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Li X, Liang E, Camarero JJ, Rossi S, Zhang J, Zhu H, Fu YH, Sun J, Wang T, Piao S, Peñuelas J. Warming-induced phenological mismatch between trees and shrubs explains high-elevation forest expansion. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad182. [PMID: 37671321 PMCID: PMC10476895 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of species interaction in modulating the range shifts of plants, little is known about the responses of coexisting life forms to a warmer climate. Here, we combine long-term monitoring of cambial phenology in sympatric trees and shrubs at two treelines of the Tibetan Plateau, with a meta-analysis of ring-width series from 344 shrubs and 575 trees paired across 11 alpine treelines in the Northern Hemisphere. Under a spring warming of +1°C, xylem resumption advances by 2-4 days in trees, but delays by 3-8 days in shrubs. The divergent phenological response to warming was due to shrubs being 3.2 times more sensitive than trees to chilling accumulation. Warmer winters increased the thermal requirement for cambial reactivation in shrubs, leading to a delayed response to warmer springs. Our meta-analysis confirmed such a mechanism across continental scales. The warming-induced phenological mismatch may give a competitive advantage to trees over shrubs, which would provide a new explanation for increasing alpine treeline shifts under the context of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Laboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi G7H2B1, Canada
| | - Eryuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - J Julio Camarero
- InstitutoPirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza 50059, Spain
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Laboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi G7H2B1, Canada
| | - Jingtian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yongshuo H Fu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shilong Piao
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
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Huang JG, Zhang Y, Wang M, Yu X, Deslauriers A, Fonti P, Liang E, Mäkinen H, Oberhuber W, Rathgeber CBK, Tognetti R, Treml V, Yang B, Zhai L, Zhang JL, Antonucci S, Bergeron Y, Camarero JJ, Campelo F, Čufar K, Cuny HE, De Luis M, Fajstavr M, Giovannelli A, Gričar J, Gruber A, Gryc V, Güney A, Jyske T, Kašpar J, King G, Krause C, Lemay A, Liu F, Lombardi F, Del Castillo EM, Morin H, Nabais C, Nöjd P, Peters RL, Prislan P, Saracino A, Shishov VV, Swidrak I, Vavrčík H, Vieira J, Zeng Q, Liu Y, Rossi S. A critical thermal transition driving spring phenology of Northern Hemisphere conifers. Glob Chang Biol 2023; 29:1606-1617. [PMID: 36451586 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite growing interest in predicting plant phenological shifts, advanced spring phenology by global climate change remains debated. Evidence documenting either small or large advancement of spring phenology to rising temperature over the spatio-temporal scales implies a potential existence of a thermal threshold in the responses of forests to global warming. We collected a unique data set of xylem cell-wall-thickening onset dates in 20 coniferous species covering a broad mean annual temperature (MAT) gradient (-3.05 to 22.9°C) across the Northern Hemisphere (latitudes 23°-66° N). Along the MAT gradient, we identified a threshold temperature (using segmented regression) of 4.9 ± 1.1°C, above which the response of xylem phenology to rising temperatures significantly decline. This threshold separates the Northern Hemisphere conifers into cold and warm thermal niches, with MAT and spring forcing being the primary drivers for the onset dates (estimated by linear and Bayesian mixed-effect models), respectively. The identified thermal threshold should be integrated into the Earth-System-Models for a better understanding of spring phenology in response to global warming and an improved prediction of global climate-carbon feedbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minhuang Wang
- Department of Ecology, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Yu
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Annie Deslauriers
- Laboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Fonti
- Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Eryuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Harri Mäkinen
- Department of Forests, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Walter Oberhuber
- Department of Botany, Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Roberto Tognetti
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Václav Treml
- Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Bao Yang
- Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lihong Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao-Lin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
| | - Serena Antonucci
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Yves Bergeron
- Forest Research Institute, Université du Quebec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Filipe Campelo
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Katarina Čufar
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Henri E Cuny
- IGN, Direction Interrégionale NordEst, Champigneulles, France
| | - Martin De Luis
- Department of Geography and Regional Planning, Environmental Science Institute, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marek Fajstavr
- Department of Wood Science and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alessio Giovannelli
- CNR - Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri, IRET, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | | | - Andreas Gruber
- Department of Botany, Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Vladimír Gryc
- Department of Wood Science and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aylin Güney
- Institute of Botany, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Faculty of Forestry, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tuula Jyske
- Department of Forests, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Jakub Kašpar
- Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Gregory King
- Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Department of Sciences, University of Alberta, Camrose, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cornelia Krause
- Laboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada
| | - Audrey Lemay
- Laboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Fabio Lombardi
- AGRARIA Department, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Edurne Martinez Del Castillo
- Department of Geography and Regional Planning, Environmental Science Institute, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Hubert Morin
- Laboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cristina Nabais
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pekka Nöjd
- Department of Forests, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Richard L Peters
- Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Prislan
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Antonio Saracino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici-Napoli, Italy
| | - Vladimir V Shishov
- Institute of Economics and Trade, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Irene Swidrak
- Department of Botany, Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hanuš Vavrčík
- Department of Wood Science and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Joana Vieira
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Qiao Zeng
- Key Lab of Guangdong for Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Laboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada
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Cui G, Pugnaire FI, Yang L, Zhao W, Ale R, Shen W, Luo T, Liang E, Zhang L. Shrub-mediated effects on soil nitrogen determines shrub-herbaceous interactions in drylands of the Tibetan Plateau. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1137365. [PMID: 36844071 PMCID: PMC9950575 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1137365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Shrub promotes the survival, growth and reproduction of understory species by buffering the environmental extremes and improving limited resources (i.e., facilitation effect) in arid and semiarid regions. However, the importance of soil water and nutrient availability on shrub facilitation, and its trend along a drought gradient have been relatively less addressed in water-limited systems. METHODS We investigated species richness, plant size, soil total nitrogen and dominant grass leaf δ13C within and outside the dominant leguminous cushion-like shrub Caragana versicolor along a water deficit gradient in drylands of Tibetan Plateau. RESULTS We found that C. versicolor increased grass species richness but had a negative effect on annual and perennial forbs. Along the water deficit gradient, plant interaction assessed by species richness (RIIspecies) showed a unimodal pattern with shift from increase to decrease, while plant interaction assessed by plant size (RIIsize) did not vary significantly. The effect of C. versicolor on soil nitrogen, rather than water availability, determined its overall effect on understory species richness. Neither the effect of C. versicolor on soil nitrogen nor water availability affected plant size. DISCUSSION Our study suggests that the drying tendency in association with the recent warming trends observed in drylands of Tibetan Plateau, will likely hinder the facilitation effect of nurse leguminous shrub on understories if moisture availability crosses a critical minimum threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangshuai Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Science, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Almería, Spain
| | - Francisco I. Pugnaire
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Almería, Spain
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Science, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wanglin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Science, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rita Ale
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Science, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Science, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianxiang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Science, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Science, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Science, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Science and Technology Information of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, China
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Sigdel SR, Liang E, Rokaya MB, Rai S, Dyola N, Sun J, Zhang L, Zhu H, Chettri N, Chaudhary RP, Camarero JJ, Peñuelas J. Functional traits of a plant species fingerprint ecosystem productivity along broad elevational gradients in the Himalayas. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shalik Ram Sigdel
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China
| | - Maan Bahadur Rokaya
- Institute of Botany Czech Academy of Sciences, Zamek 1, 252 43 Průhonice Czech Republic
- Department of Biodiversity Research Global Change Research Institute Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Samresh Rai
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China
| | - Nita Dyola
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China
| | - Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China
| | - Nakul Chettri
- International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), GPO Box 3226 Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Ram Prasad Chaudhary
- Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology (RECAST) Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal
| | - J. Julio Camarero
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE‐CSIC), Avda. Montañana, 1005, 50059 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB E‐08193 Bellaterra Catalonia Spain
- CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès, E‐08193 Catalonia Spain
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14
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Smith E, Naik A, Krist D, Shaffer A, Liang E, Goel M, Smith R. A Comparison of Modalities to Differentiate Radiation Necrosis from Tumor Progression: A Diagnostic Meta-Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether metformin is related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is controversial. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between metformin and NAFLD that may predict the metformin potential of these lesions and new prevention strategies in NAFLD patients. METHODS The meta-analysis was analyzed by Revman 5.3 softwares systematically searched for works published through July 29, 2022. Network pharmacology research based on databases, Cytoscape 3.7.1 software and R software respectively. RESULTS The following variables were associated with metformin in NAFLD patients: decreased of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level (mean difference [MD] = -10.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -21.85 to 0.16, P = .05); decreased of aspartate amino transferase (AST) level (MD = -4.82, 95% CI = -9.33 to -0.30, P = .04); decreased of triglyceride (TG) level (MD = -0.17, 95% CI = -0.26 to -0.08, P = .0002); decreased of total cholesterol (TC) level (MD = -0.29, 95% CI = -0.47 to -0.10, P = .003); decreased of insulin resistance (IR) level (MD = -0.42, 95% CI = -0.82 to -0.02, P = .04). In addition, body mass index (BMI) (MD = -0.65, 95% CI = -1.46 to 0.16, P = .12) had no association with metformin in NAFLD patients. 181 metformin targets and 868 NAFLD disease targets were interaction analyzed, 15 core targets of metformin for the treatment of NAFLD were obtained. The effect of metformin on NAFLD mainly related to cytoplasm and protein binding, NAFLD, hepatitis B, pathway in cancer, toll like receptor signaling pathway and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The proteins of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF1A), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NFE2L2), nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1), PI3K catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), and silencing information regulator 2 related enzyme 1 (SIRT1) may the core targets of metformin for the treatment of NAFLD. CONCLUSION Metformin might be a candidate drug for the treatment of NAFLD which exhibits therapeutic effect on NAFLD patients associated with ALT, AST, TG, TC and IR while was not correlated with BMI. HIF1A, NFE2L2, NOS3, NR3C1, PIK3CA, and SIRT1 might be core targets of metformin for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanshe Huang
- AnShun University, Guizhou Anshun, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Yan
- An Shun City People’s Hospital, Anshun, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lidan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lai Zhang
- AnShun University, Guizhou Anshun, China
| | - E Liang
- AnShun University, Guizhou Anshun, China
| | | | - Jingxin Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Jingxin Mao, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 400030, China (e-mail: )
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Higgins V, Nichols M, Gao H, Maravilla N, Liang E, Su J, Xu M, Rokhforooz F, Leung F. Defining blood gas analysis stability limits across five sample types. Clin Biochem 2022; 115:107-111. [PMID: 36126745 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Accurate reporting of blood gas samples is dependent upon following proper preanalytical sample handling requirements though there is variation for sample acceptability criteria across institutions. We examined five common sample types (arterial, venous, umbilical arterial, umbilical venous and capillary) stored at either room temperature or on crushed ice in a time series (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 180, 240 min) and applied local regulatory and/or institutional allowable performance limits to determine the need for cold preservation and/or maximum stability time for pH, pO2, pCO2, glucose, lactate, sodium, potassium, chloride, and ionized calcium where applicable in each sample type. Although changes in sample pO2 and/or lactate values were responsible, in part or in whole, for surpassing the allowable limits in nearly all sample types analyzed, this was not uniformly observed across sample types within the typical time limits that are referenced in literature. Furthermore, we demonstrated that cold preservation may not ubiquitously provide longer stability for blood gas specimens and this is dependent on the sample type and analyte in question. Nevertheless, these results demonstrate the known instability of pO2 and lactate and suggest that it may be possible to simplify the monitoring of preanalytical conditions by first evaluating pO2 and lactate in patient blood gas samples if applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Higgins
- DynaLIFE Medical Labs, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - M Nichols
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, Victoria Hospital, London, ON, Canada
| | - H Gao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - N Maravilla
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E Liang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Su
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - F Rokhforooz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - F Leung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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17
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Liang E, Zheng KQ, Yao K, Lo W, Hasson H, Zhang A, Burns M, Wong WH, Zhang Y, Dashko A, Quevedo H, Ditmire T, Dyer G. A scintillator attenuation spectrometer for intense gamma-rays. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:063103. [PMID: 35777994 DOI: 10.1063/5.0082131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A new type of compact high-resolution high-sensitivity gamma-ray spectrometer for short-pulse intense gamma-rays (250 keV to 50 MeV) has been developed by combining the principles of scintillators and attenuation spectrometers. The first prototype of this scintillator attenuation spectrometer (SAS) was tested successfully in Trident laser experiments at LANL. Later versions have been used extensively in the Texas Petawatt laser experiments in Austin, TX, and more recently in OMEGA-EP laser experiments at LLE, Rochester, NY. The SAS is particularly useful for high-repetition-rate laser applications. Here, we give a concise description of the design principles, capabilities, and sample preliminary results of the SAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Liang
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - K Q Zheng
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - K Yao
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - W Lo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - H Hasson
- Physics Department, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - A Zhang
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - M Burns
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - W H Wong
- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Diagnostic Imaging Division, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Diagnostic Imaging Division, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - A Dashko
- High Energy Density Science Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Quevedo
- High Energy Density Science Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - T Ditmire
- High Energy Density Science Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - G Dyer
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Linac Coherent Light Source, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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18
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Dyola N, Sigdel SR, Liang E, Babst F, Camarero JJ, Aryal S, Chettri N, Gao S, Lu X, Sun J, Wang T, Zhang G, Zhu H, Piao S, Peñuelas J. Species richness is a strong driver of forest biomass along broad bioclimatic gradients in the Himalayas. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nita Dyola
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Shalik Ram Sigdel
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Flurin Babst
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA
- Laboratory of Tree‐Ring Research University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA
| | | | - Sugam Aryal
- Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Institut für Geographie Erlangen Germany
| | - Nakul Chettri
- International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Shan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xiaoming Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Gengxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Shilong Piao
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF Barcelona Spain
- CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB Barcelona Spain
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19
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Sun J, Wang Y, Piao S, Liu M, Han G, Li J, Liang E, Lee TM, Liu G, reas Wilkes, Liu S, Zhao W, Zhou H, Yibeltal M, Berihun ML, Browning D, Fenta AA, Tsunekawa A, Brown J, Willms W, Tsubo M. Toward a sustainable grassland ecosystem worldwide. Innovation (N Y) 2022; 3:100265. [PMID: 35722354 PMCID: PMC9201009 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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20
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Gao S, Liang E, Liu R, Babst F, Camarero JJ, Fu YH, Piao S, Rossi S, Shen M, Wang T, Peñuelas J. An earlier start of the thermal growing season enhances tree growth in cold humid areas but not in dry areas. Nat Ecol Evol 2022; 6:397-404. [PMID: 35228669 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01668-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Climatic warming alters the onset, duration and cessation of the vegetative season. While previous studies have shown a tight link between thermal conditions and leaf phenology, less is known about the impacts of phenological changes on tree growth. Here, we assessed the relationships between the start of the thermal growing season and tree growth across the extratropical Northern Hemisphere using 3,451 tree-ring chronologies and daily climatic data for 1948-2014. An earlier start of the thermal growing season promoted growth in regions with high ratios of precipitation to temperature but limited growth in cold-dry regions. Path analyses indicated that an earlier start of the thermal growing season enhanced growth primarily by alleviating thermal limitations on wood formation in boreal forests and by lengthening the period of growth in temperate and Mediterranean forests. Semi-arid and dry subalpine forests, however, did not benefit from an earlier onset of growth and a longer growing season, presumably due to associated water loss and/or more frequent early spring frosts. These emergent patterns of how climatic impacts on wood phenology affect tree growth at regional to hemispheric scales hint at how future phenological changes may affect the carbon sequestration capacity of extratropical forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Ruishun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Flurin Babst
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Yongshuo H Fu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shilong Piao
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada.,Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaogen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain.,CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Huang Y, Liang E, Schaff E, Zhao B, Snyder K, Wen N, Chetty I, Shah M, Siddiqui S. Impact of MRI Sequence Resolution for Target Volume Definition in Stereotactic Radiosurgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Isabel C Barrio
- Faculty of Environmental and Forest Sciences, Agricultural University of Iceland, Reykjavík 112, Iceland
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.,Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.,CLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jinniu Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Bojie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.,State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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23
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Zhang L, Zhao H, Ma Y, Cheng Y, Zhao Y, Cui J, Yang C, Zhang J, Wang P, Xu L, Yu J, Men L, Liang E, Yang D, Zhai Y. MA02.06 Phase 1b Study of Pelcitoclax (APG-1252) in Combination With Osimertinib in Patients With EGFR TKI-Resistant NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Sigdel SR, Pandey J, Liang E, Muhammad S, Babst F, Leavitt SW, Shen M, Zhu H, Salerno F, Piao S, Camarero JJ, Peñuelas J. No benefits from warming even for subnival vegetation in the central Himalayas. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:1825-1829. [PMID: 36654391 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shalik Ram Sigdel
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jayram Pandey
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Sher Muhammad
- International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), Kathmandu, Nepal; Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Flurin Babst
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Steven W Leavitt
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Miaogen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Franco Salerno
- Water Research Institute-National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Brugherio 20861, Italy
| | - Shilong Piao
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - J Julio Camarero
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza 50080, Spain
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia 08913, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia 08913, Spain.
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25
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Zhao HC, Xia H, Hu S, Lv YY, Zhao ZR, He J, Liang E, Ni G, Chen LY, Qiu XP, Zhou SM, Zhao HB. Large ultrafast-modulated Voigt effect in noncollinear antiferromagnet Mn 3Sn. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5266. [PMID: 34489461 PMCID: PMC8421456 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25654-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The time-resolved magneto-optical (MO) Voigt effect can be utilized to study the Néel order dynamics in antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials, but it has been limited for collinear AFM spin configuration. Here, we have demonstrated that in Mn3Sn with an inverse triangular spin structure, the quench of AFM order by ultrafast laser pulses can result in a large Voigt effect modulation. The modulated Voigt angle is significantly larger than the polarization rotation due to the crystal-structure related linear dichroism effect and the modulated MO Kerr angle arising from the ferroic ordering of cluster magnetic octupole. The AFM order quench time shows negligible change with increasing temperature approaching the Néel temperature (TN), in markedly contrast with the pronounced slowing-down demagnetization typically observed in conventional magnetic materials. This atypical behavior can be explained by the influence of weakened Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction rather than the smaller exchange splitting on the diminished AFM order near TN. The temperature-insensitive ultrafast spin manipulation can pave the way for high-speed spintronic devices either working at a wide range of temperature or demanding spin switching near TN. Mn3Sn is an anti-ferromagnetic material which displays a large magneto-optical Kerr effect, despite lacking a ferromagnetic moment. Here, the authors show that likewise, Mn3Sn, also presents a particularly large magneto-optical Voigt signal, with a negligible change in the quench time over a wide temperature range.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Shanghai Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Research Center, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - H Xia
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Shanghai Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Research Center, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology and Pohl Institute of Solid State Physics and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Y Lv
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology and Pohl Institute of Solid State Physics and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z R Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Shanghai Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Research Center, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - J He
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Shanghai Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Research Center, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - E Liang
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Shanghai Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Research Center, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - G Ni
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Shanghai Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Research Center, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - L Y Chen
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Shanghai Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Research Center, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - X P Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology and Pohl Institute of Solid State Physics and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - S M Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology and Pohl Institute of Solid State Physics and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - H B Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Shanghai Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Research Center, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Frontier Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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26
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Camarero JJ, Gazol A, Sánchez-Salguero R, Fajardo A, McIntire EJB, Liang E. Tree growth and treeline responses to temperature: Different questions and concepts. Glob Chang Biol 2021; 27:e13-e14. [PMID: 34089540 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming is expected to enhance tree growth at alpine treelines. A higher growth rate is forecasted as temperatures rise and growth becomes less dependent on the temperature rise. Since radial growth is just one component of treeline dynamics those forecasts do not necessarily apply to treeline elevation or latitude; treelines can shift upward or poleward or remain stable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Gazol
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raúl Sánchez-Salguero
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
- Depto. de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alex Fajardo
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinario (I3), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Eryuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Science (LATPES), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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27
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Dai W, Zeng Y, Liang E, Zhou Q, Zhang L, Peng J. The actuality of resilience, social support and quality of life among patients with inflammatory bowel disease in China. Nurs Open 2021; 9:2190-2198. [PMID: 34037332 PMCID: PMC9190699 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim This study was conducted to increase knowledge on the actuality of resilience, social support and quality of life among inflammatory bowel disease patients in China to provide evidence for psychological support. Design Using convenience sampling, 249 outpatients and inpatients with inflammatory bowel disease from a hospital who completed the questionnaires were enrolled in the analytic questionnaire‐based study. Methods Demographic information forms, Resilience Scale for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Social Support Rating Scale and Short Health Scale were administered. Results It was found that the resilience of patients with inflammatory bowel disease should be enhanced. When considering factors that influence resilience, the place of residence (living in rural areas) and utilization of social support should be considered. Resilience demonstrated a positive correlation with utilization of social support, and different place of residence was related to resilience. Targeted interventions should be implemented to increase patients’ resilience and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Dai
- Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yufeng Zeng
- Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - E Liang
- Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiuhong Zhou
- Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
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28
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Camarero JJ, Gazol A, Sánchez-Salguero R, Fajardo A, McIntire EJB, Gutiérrez E, Batllori E, Boudreau S, Carrer M, Diez J, Dufour-Tremblay G, Gaire NP, Hofgaard A, Jomelli V, Kirdyanov AV, Lévesque E, Liang E, Linares JC, Mathisen IE, Moiseev PA, Sangüesa-Barreda G, Shrestha KB, Toivonen JM, Tutubalina OV, Wilmking M. Global fading of the temperature-growth coupling at alpine and polar treelines. Glob Chang Biol 2021; 27:1879-1889. [PMID: 33508887 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming is expected to positively alter upward and poleward treelines which are controlled by low temperature and a short growing season. Despite the importance of treelines as a bioassay of climate change, a global field assessment and posterior forecasting of tree growth at annual scales is lacking. Using annually resolved tree-ring data located across Eurasia and the Americas, we quantified and modeled the relationship between temperature and radial growth at treeline during the 20th century. We then tested whether this temperature-growth association will remain stable during the 21st century using a forward model under two climate scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5). During the 20th century, growth enhancements were common in most sites, and temperature and growth showed positive trends. Interestingly, the relationship between temperature and growth trends was contingent on tree age suggesting biogeographic patterns in treeline growth are contingent on local factors besides climate warming. Simulations forecast temperature-growth decoupling during the 21st century. The growing season at treeline is projected to lengthen and growth rates would increase and become less dependent on temperature rise. These forecasts illustrate how growth may decouple from climate warming in cold regions and near the margins of tree existence. Such projected temperature-growth decoupling could impact ecosystem processes in mountain and polar biomes, with feedbacks on climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Gazol
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raúl Sánchez-Salguero
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC, Zaragoza, Spain
- Depto. de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alex Fajardo
- Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia (CIEP), Coyhaique, Chile
| | | | - Emilia Gutiérrez
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Batllori
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Bellatera, Spain
| | | | - Marco Carrer
- Dip. TeSAF, Universitá degli Studi di Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Jeff Diez
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - Narayan P Gaire
- Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Kathmandu, Nepal
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, China
| | | | - Vincent Jomelli
- CNRS Cerege, Technopôle de L'Environnement Arbois-Méditerranée, Aix en Provence, France
| | - Alexander V Kirdyanov
- Institute of Ecology and Geography, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- V.N.Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Federal Research Center 'Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS', Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Esther Lévesque
- Centre d'Études nordiques (CEN), Univ. Québec à Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Eryuan Liang
- Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Carlos Linares
- Depto. de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Pavel A Moiseev
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, UrB RAS, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Olga V Tutubalina
- Department of Geography, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Martin Wilmking
- DendroGreif, Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Univ. Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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29
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Lu X, Liang E, Camarero JJ, Ellison AM. An unusually high shrubline on the Tibetan Plateau. Ecology 2021; 102:e03310. [PMID: 33583037 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Lu
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jesús Julio Camarero
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Avda. Montañana 1005, Zaragoza, E-50192, Spain
| | - Aaron M Ellison
- Harvard Forest, Harvard University, 324 North Main Street, Petersham, Massachusetts, 01366, USA
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Wells HL, Letko M, Lasso G, Ssebide B, Nziza J, Byarugaba DK, Navarrete-Macias I, Liang E, Cranfield M, Han BA, Tingley MW, Diuk-Wasser M, Goldstein T, Johnson CK, Mazet JAK, Chandran K, Munster VJ, Gilardi K, Anthony SJ. The evolutionary history of ACE2 usage within the coronavirus subgenus Sarbecovirus. Virus Evol 2021; 7:veab007. [PMID: 33754082 PMCID: PMC7928622 DOI: 10.1093/ve/veab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) and SARS-CoV-2 are not phylogenetically closely related; however, both use the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor in humans for cell entry. This is not a universal sarbecovirus trait; for example, many known sarbecoviruses related to SARS-CoV-1 have two deletions in the receptor binding domain of the spike protein that render them incapable of using human ACE2. Here, we report three sequences of a novel sarbecovirus from Rwanda and Uganda that are phylogenetically intermediate to SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 and demonstrate via in vitro studies that they are also unable to utilize human ACE2. Furthermore, we show that the observed pattern of ACE2 usage among sarbecoviruses is best explained by recombination not of SARS-CoV-2, but of SARS-CoV-1 and its relatives. We show that the lineage that includes SARS-CoV-2 is most likely the ancestral ACE2-using lineage, and that recombination with at least one virus from this group conferred ACE2 usage to the lineage including SARS-CoV-1 at some time in the past. We argue that alternative scenarios such as convergent evolution are much less parsimonious; we show that biogeography and patterns of host tropism support the plausibility of a recombination scenario, and we propose a competitive release hypothesis to explain how this recombination event could have occurred and why it is evolutionarily advantageous. The findings provide important insights into the natural history of ACE2 usage for both SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 and a greater understanding of the evolutionary mechanisms that shape zoonotic potential of coronaviruses. This study also underscores the need for increased surveillance for sarbecoviruses in southwestern China, where most ACE2-using viruses have been found to date, as well as other regions such as Africa, where these viruses have only recently been discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Wells
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - M Letko
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 S. 4th St, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.,Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, 1155 College Ave, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - G Lasso
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10462, USA
| | - B Ssebide
- Gorilla Doctors, c/o MGVP, Inc., 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - J Nziza
- Gorilla Doctors, c/o MGVP, Inc., 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - D K Byarugaba
- Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Plot 42, Nakasero Road, Kampala, Uganda.,Makerere University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Living Stone Road, Kampala, Uganda
| | - I Navarrete-Macias
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - E Liang
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - M Cranfield
- One Health Institute and Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - B A Han
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, 2801 Sharon Turnpike, Millbrook, NY 12545, USA
| | - M W Tingley
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, 612 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - M Diuk-Wasser
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - T Goldstein
- One Health Institute and Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - C K Johnson
- One Health Institute and Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - J A K Mazet
- One Health Institute and Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - K Chandran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10462, USA
| | - V J Munster
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, 1155 College Ave, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - K Gilardi
- Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Plot 42, Nakasero Road, Kampala, Uganda.,One Health Institute and Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - S J Anthony
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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31
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Wells H, Letko M, Lasso G, Ssebide B, Nziza J, Byarugaba D, Navarrete-Macias I, Liang E, Cranfield M, Han B, Tingley M, Diuk-Wasser M, Goldstein T, Johnson C, Mazet J, Chandran K, Munster V, Gilardi K, Anthony S. The evolutionary history of ACE2 usage within the coronavirus subgenus Sarbecovirus. bioRxiv 2021:2020.07.07.190546. [PMID: 32676605 PMCID: PMC7359528 DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.07.190546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 are not phylogenetically closely related; however, both use the ACE2 receptor in humans for cell entry. This is not a universal sarbecovirus trait; for example, many known sarbecoviruses related to SARS-CoV-1 have two deletions in the receptor binding domain of the spike protein that render them incapable of using human ACE2. Here, we report three sequences of a novel sarbecovirus from Rwanda and Uganda which are phylogenetically intermediate to SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 and demonstrate via in vitro studies that they are also unable to utilize human ACE2. Furthermore, we show that the observed pattern of ACE2 usage among sarbecoviruses is best explained by recombination not of SARS-CoV-2, but of SARS-CoV-1 and its relatives. We show that the lineage that includes SARS-CoV-2 is most likely the ancestral ACE2-using lineage, and that recombination with at least one virus from this group conferred ACE2 usage to the lineage including SARS-CoV-1 at some time in the past. We argue that alternative scenarios such as convergent evolution are much less parsimonious; we show that biogeography and patterns of host tropism support the plausibility of a recombination scenario; and we propose a competitive release hypothesis to explain how this recombination event could have occurred and why it is evolutionarily advantageous. The findings provide important insights into the natural history of ACE2 usage for both SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2, and a greater understanding of the evolutionary mechanisms that shape zoonotic potential of coronaviruses. This study also underscores the need for increased surveillance for sarbecoviruses in southwestern China, where most ACE2-using viruses have been found to date, as well as other regions such as Africa, where these viruses have only recently been discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- H.L Wells
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Letko
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - G Lasso
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - B Ssebide
- Gorilla Doctors, c/o MGVP, Inc., Davis, California, USA
| | - J Nziza
- Gorilla Doctors, c/o MGVP, Inc., Davis, California, USA
| | - D.K Byarugaba
- Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda
- Makerere University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kampala, Uganda
| | - I Navarrete-Macias
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - E Liang
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Cranfield
- One Health Institute and Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - B.A Han
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, New York, USA
| | - M.W Tingley
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Diuk-Wasser
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - T Goldstein
- One Health Institute and Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
| | - C.K Johnson
- One Health Institute and Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
| | - J Mazet
- One Health Institute and Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
| | - K Chandran
- Gorilla Doctors, c/o MGVP, Inc., Davis, California, USA
| | - V.J Munster
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - K Gilardi
- Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda
- One Health Institute and Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
| | - S.J Anthony
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
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Liang E, Morris E, Vono J, Bazan L, Lu M, Modh A, Glide-Hurst C. Coupling Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and MR-guided Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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33
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Ren P, Néron V, Rossi S, Liang E, Bouchard M, Deslauriers A. Warming counteracts defoliation-induced mismatch by increasing herbivore-plant phenological synchrony. Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:2072-2080. [PMID: 31925858 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is altering phenology; however, the magnitude of this change varies among taxa. Compared with phenological mismatch between plants and herbivores, synchronization due to climate has been less explored, despite its potential implications for trophic interactions. The earlier budburst induced by defoliation is a phenological strategy for plants against herbivores. Here, we tested whether warming can counteract defoliation-induced mismatch by increasing herbivore-plant phenological synchrony. We compared the larval phenology of spruce budworm and budburst in balsam fir, black spruce, and white spruce saplings subjected to defoliation in a controlled environment at temperatures of 12, 17, and 22°C. Budburst in defoliated saplings occurred 6-24 days earlier than in the controls, thus mismatching needle development from larval feeding. This mismatch decreased to only 3-7 days, however, when temperatures warmed by 5 and 10°C, leading to a resynchronization of the host with spruce budworm larvae. The increasing synchrony under warming counteracts the defoliation-induced mismatch, disrupting trophic interactions and energy flow between forest ecosystem and insect populations. Our results suggest that the predicted warming may improve food quality and provide better growth conditions for larval development, thus promoting longer or more intense insect outbreaks in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ren
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Quebec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Valérie Néron
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Quebec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Quebec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mathieu Bouchard
- Direction de la Recherche Forestière, Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs du Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Annie Deslauriers
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Quebec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
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Li X, Rossi S, Liang E. The onset of xylogenesis in Smith fir is not related to outer bark thickness. Am J Bot 2019; 106:1386-1391. [PMID: 31529807 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE The resumption of stem growth varies across the ontogenetic development of trees. Compared with younger trees, older ones have thicker outer bark with a temperature-insulating effect that could potentially prevent the stem from warming in the spring. However, the question of whether xylogenesis in old trees is influenced by the thick bark still remains unresolved. METHODS We investigated the onset of xylogenesis across the ontogenetic development of Smith fir (Abies georgei var. smithii) trees in the Sygera Mountains, southeastern Tibetan Plateau. The outer bark of older trees was also removed. Xylogenesis was monitored in microcores we collected every 3 days during May and June in 2017. RESULTS Xylogenesis began in late May in young (<50 yr) and mature (50-100 yr) trees, 1 week earlier than in adult (>100-150 yr) and old (>150-200 yr) trees. Older (>200 yr) trees had the latest onset of xylogenesis, 2 weeks after young trees. The resumption of xylogenesis was similar between the control and bark-removed trees. CONCLUSIONS Growth resumption was delayed in older and bigger trees. Outer bark did not affect the onset of xylogenesis, which indicated that the delayed resumption of growth during the lifespan of trees could be more related to endogenous factors than to an insulating effect of the thick bark of older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Laboratoire d'Écologie Végétale, University of Quebec in Chicoutimi, 555, Boulevard de l'Université, Chicoutimi, (QC), G7H2B1, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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35
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Liang E, Zhang L, Fu T, Lu X, Du Q, Wang Y. Tree regeneration after fire and logging in sub-alpine forest on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Chin Sci Bull 2019. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2019-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Piao S, Niu B, Zhu J, Zhang X, Wang T, Wang S, Liang E. Responses and feedback of the Tibetan Plateau’s alpine ecosystem to climate change. Chin Sci Bull 2019. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2019-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Liang E, Dawadi B, Pederson N, Piao S, Zhu H, Sigdel SR, Chen D. Strong link between large tropical volcanic eruptions and severe droughts prior to monsoon in the central Himalayas revealed by tree-ring records. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2019; 64:1018-1023. [PMID: 36659801 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Large tropical volcanic eruptions can cause short-term global cooling. However, little is known whether large tropical volcanic eruptions, like the one in Tambora/Indonesia in 1815, cause regional hydroclimatic anomalies. Using a tree-ring network of precisely dated Himalayan birch in the central Himalayas, we reconstructed variations in the regional pre-monsoon precipitation back to 1650 CE. A superposed epoch analysis indicates that the pre-monsoon regional droughts are associated with large tropical volcanic eruptions, appearing to have a strong influence on hydroclimatic conditions in the central Himalayas. In fact, the most severe drought since 1650 CE occurred after the Tambora eruption. These results suggest that dry conditions prior to monsoon in the central Himalayas were associated with explosive tropical volcanism. Prolonged La Niña events also correspond with persistent pre-monsoon droughts in the central Himalayas. Our results provide evidence that large tropical volcanic eruptions most likely induced severe droughts prior to monsoon in the central Himalayas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eryuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Binod Dawadi
- Central Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Neil Pederson
- Harvard Forest, Harvard University, Petersham, MA 01366, USA
| | - Shilong Piao
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shalik Ram Sigdel
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Deliang Chen
- Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Regional Climate Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
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38
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Wang Y, Case B, Rossi S, Dawadi B, Liang E, Ellison AM. Frost controls spring phenology of juvenile Smith fir along elevational gradients on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Int J Biometeorol 2019; 63:963-972. [PMID: 30903292 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-019-01710-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Impacts of climatic means on spring phenology are well documented, whereas the role of climatic variance, such as occurrence of spring frosts, has long been neglected. A large elevational gradient of forests on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau provides an ideal platform to explore correlates of spring phenology and environmental factors. We tested the hypothesis that spring frost was a major factor regulating the timing of bud-leaf phenology by combining 5 years of in situ phenological observations of Abies georgei var. smithii with concurrent air temperature data along two altitudinal gradients. Mean lapse rate for the onset of bud swelling and leaf unfolding was 3.1 ± 0.5 days/100 m and 3.0 ± 0.6 days/100 m, respectively. Random forest analysis and conditional inference trees revealed that the frequency of freezing events was a critical factor in determining the timing of bud swelling, independent of topographic differences, varying accumulation of chilling days, and degree-days. In contrast, the onset of leaf unfolding was primarily controlled by the bud swelling onset. Thus, the timing of bud swelling and leaf unfolding appear to be controlled directly and indirectly, respectively, by spring frost. Using space-for-time substitution, the frequency of spring freezing events decreased by 7.1 days with 1 °C of warming. This study provides evidence for impacts of late spring frosts on spring phenology, which have been underappreciated in research on phenological sensitivity to climate but should be included in phenology models. Fewer spring freezing events with warming have important implications for the upward migration of alpine forests and treelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Bradley Case
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555, Boulevard de I'Université, Chicoutimi, QC, G7H2B1, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binod Dawadi
- Central Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Eryuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Aaron M Ellison
- Harvard Forest, Harvard University, 324 North Main St, Petersham, MA, 01366, USA
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40
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Xu C, Zhu H, Nakatsuka T, Sano M, Li Z, Shi F, Liang E, Guo Z. Sampling strategy and climatic implication of tree-ring cellulose oxygen isotopes of Hippophae tibetana and Abies georgei on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Int J Biometeorol 2019; 63:679-686. [PMID: 28493142 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-017-1365-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The tree-ring cellulose oxygen isotopes (δ18O) for four trees of Hippophae tibetana and four trees of Abies georgei growing in different locations around the terminal moraine in Xincuo from 1951 to 2010 were measured to explore its potential for reconstructing climatic variations in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. The mean and standard deviation of tree-ring δ18O at different heights do not have significant differences, and there are no significant differences in the mean and standard deviation of tree-ring δ18O between trees near the brook and trees at the top of moraine, indicating that we can collect samples for tree-ring δ18O analysis regardless of sampling heights and that the micro-environment does not affect tree-ring δ18O significantly. The mean inter-series correlations of cellulose δ18O for A. georgei/H. tibetana are 0.84/0.93, and the correlation between δ18O for A. georgei and H. tibetana is 0.92. The good coherence between inter-tree and inter-species cellulose δ18O demonstrates the possibility of using different species to develop a long chronology. Correlation analysis between tree-ring δ18O and climate parameters revealed that δ18O for A. georgei/H. tibetana had negative correlations (r = -0.62/r = -0.69) with relative humidity in July-August, and spatial correlation revealed that δ18O for A. georgei/H. tibetana reflected the regional Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (29°-32° N, 88°-98° E). In addition, tree-ring δ18O in Xincuo has a significant correlation with tree-ring δ18O in Bhutan. The results indicate that cellulose δ18O for A. georgei and H. tibetana in Xincuo is a good proxy for the regional hydroclimate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Takeshi Nakatsuka
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Sano
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Zhen Li
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Feng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhengtang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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41
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Goldstein T, Anthony S, Gbakima A, Bird B, Bangura J, Tremeau-Bravard A, Belaganahalli M, Wells H, Dhanota J, Liang E, Grodus M, Jangra R, Dejesus V, Lasso G, Smith B, Jambai A, Kamara B, Kamara S, Bangura W, Monagin C, Shapira S, Johnson CK, Saylors K, Rubin E, Chandran K, Lipkin W, Mazet J. The discovery of a new Ebolavirus, Bombali virus, adds further support for bats as hosts of Ebolaviruses. Int J Infect Dis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Br A, Dovih P, Ramakrishnan U, Liang E, Mendenhall I, Hong DW, Smith G. Evidence of filovirus and henipavirus in bats and bat harvesters, India. Int J Infect Dis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.11.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Lu X, Liang E, Wang Y, Babst F, Leavitt SW, Julio Camarero J. Past the climate optimum: Recruitment is declining at the world's highest juniper shrublines on the Tibetan Plateau. Ecology 2019; 100:e02557. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Lu
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- College of Biology and the Environment Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037China
| | - Flurin Babst
- Dendro Sciences Group Forest Dynamics Unit Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Zürcherstrasse 111 8903 Birmensdorf Switzerland
- Department of Ecology, W. Szafer Institute of Botany Polish Academy of Sciences ul. Lubicz 46 31‐512 Krakow Poland
- Laboratory of Tree‐Ring Research University of Arizona 1215 East Lowell Street Tucson Arizona 85721 USA
| | - Steven W. Leavitt
- Laboratory of Tree‐Ring Research University of Arizona 1215 East Lowell Street Tucson Arizona 85721 USA
| | - J. Julio Camarero
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE‐CSIC) Avenida Montañana 1005 50059 Zaragoza Spain
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Sigdel SR, Wang Y, Camarero JJ, Zhu H, Liang E, Peñuelas J. Moisture-mediated responsiveness of treeline shifts to global warming in the Himalayas. Glob Chang Biol 2018; 24:5549-5559. [PMID: 30153361 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Among forest ecosystems, the alpine treeline ecotone can be considered to be a simplified model to study global ecology and climate change. Alpine treelines are expected to shift upwards in response to global warming given that tree recruitment and growth are assumed to be mainly limited by low temperatures. However, little is known whether precipitation and temperature interact to drive long-term Himalayan treeline dynamics. Tree growth is affected by spring rainfall in the central Himalayan treelines, being good locations for testing if, in addition to temperature, precipitation mediates treeline dynamics. To test this hypothesis, we reconstructed spatiotemporal variations in treeline dynamics in 20 plots located at six alpine treeline sites, dominated by two tree species (birch, fir), and situated along an east-west precipitation gradient in the central Himalayas. Our reconstructions evidenced that treelines shifted upward in response to recent climate warming, but their shift rates were primarily mediated by spring precipitation. The rate of upward shift was higher in the wettest eastern Himalayas, suggesting that its ascent rate was facilitated by spring precipitation. The drying tendency in association with the recent warming trends observed in the central Himalayas, however, will likely hinder an upslope advancement of alpine treelines and promote downward treeline shifts if moisture availability crosses a critical minimum threshold. Our study highlights the complexity of plant responses to climate and the need to consider multiple climate factors when analyzing treeline dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalik Ram Sigdel
- Key laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Key laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Colleges of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jesus Julio Camarero
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- Key laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- Key laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Liu S, Li X, Rossi S, Wang L, Li W, Liang E, Leavitt SW. Differences in xylogenesis between dominant and suppressed trees. Am J Bot 2018; 105:950-956. [PMID: 29874391 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Most dendroecological studies focus on dominant trees, but little is known about the growing season of trees belonging to different size classes and their sensitivity to biotic factors. The objective of this study was to compare the dynamics of xylem formation between dominant and suppressed trees of Abies fabri of similar age growing in the Gongga Mountains, southeastern Tibetan Plateau, and to identify the association between xylem growth and climate. METHODS The timing and duration of xylogenesis in histological sections were investigated weekly during the 2013-2015 growing seasons. KEY RESULTS Our investigation found that timing and duration of xylogenesis varied with canopy position and its associated tree size. Xylogenesis started 6-14 days earlier, and ended 5-11 days later in dominant trees than in suppressed trees, resulting in a significantly longer growing season. Dominant trees also exhibited higher temperature sensitivity of tracheid production rate than suppressed trees. CONCLUSIONS The observed differences in xylogenesis among trees suggested that competition affects tree growth by reducing the growing period in suppressed trees. Representative climate-growth relationships should involve trees of all size classes when evaluating the effects of the environment on forest dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Département des Sciences Fundamentals, Laboratoirs d'Écologie Végétale, University of Quebec in Chicoutimi, 555, Boulevard de I' Université, Chicoutimi, (QC), G7H2B1, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Lily Wang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Eryuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Steven W Leavitt
- Laboratory of Tree Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
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Bayramzadeh V, Zhu H, Lu X, Attarod P, Zhang H, Li X, Asad F, Liang E. Temperature variability in northern Iran during the past 700 years. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2018; 63:462-464. [PMID: 36658805 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vilma Bayramzadeh
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Wood Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj 3148635731, Iran
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Centre for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Xiaoming Lu
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Pedram Attarod
- Department of Forestry Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj 3158777871, Iran
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fayaz Asad
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Khyber PakhtunKhwa 24420, Pakistan
| | - Eryuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Centre for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Schaenman J, Rossetti M, Sidwell T, Groysberg V, Sunga G, Liang E, Vangala S, Chang E, Bakir M, Bondar G, Cadeiras M, Kwon M, Reed E, Deng M. Frequency of Monocyte Subtypes and TLR4 Expression Correlate with Clinical Outcomes After Mechanical Circulatory Device Implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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48
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Ren P, Rossi S, Camarero JJ, Ellison AM, Liang E, Peñuelas J. Critical temperature and precipitation thresholds for the onset of xylogenesis of Juniperus przewalskii in a semi-arid area of the north-eastern Tibetan Plateau. Ann Bot 2018; 121:617-624. [PMID: 29300821 PMCID: PMC5853012 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcx188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims The onset of xylogenesis plays an important role in tree growth and carbon sequestration, and it is thus a key variable in modelling the responses of forest ecosystems to climate change. Temperature regulates the resumption of cambial activity, but little is known about the effect of water availability on the onset of xylogenesis in cold but semi-arid regions. Methods The onset of xylogenesis during 2009-2014 was monitored by weekly microcoring Juniperus przewalskii trees at upper and lower treelines on the north-eastern Tibetan Plateau. A logistic regression was used to calculate the probability of xylogenic activity at a given temperature and a two-dimensional reverse Gaussian model to fit the differences between the observed and estimated days of xylogenesis onset at given temperatures and precipitation within a certain time window. Key Results The thermal thresholds at the beginning of the growing season were highly variable, suggesting that temperature was not the only factor initiating xylem growth under cold and dry climatic conditions. The onset of xylogenesis was well predicted for climatic thresholds characterized by a cumulative precipitation of 17.0 ± 5.6 mm and an average minimum temperature of 1.5 ± 1.4 °C for a period of 12 d. Conclusions Xylogenesis in semi-arid regions with dry winters and springs can start when both critical temperature and precipitation thresholds are reached. Such findings contribute to our knowledge of the environmental drivers of growth resumption that previously had been investigated largely in cold regions without water shortages during early growing seasons. Models of the onset of xylogenesis should include water availability to improve predictions of xylem phenology in dry areas. A mismatch between the thresholds of temperature and moisture for the onset of xylogenesis may increase forest vulnerability in semi-arid areas under forecasted warmer and drier conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ren
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sergio Rossi
- University of Quebec in Chicoutimi, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Boulevard de l’Université, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Julio Camarero
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE, CSIC), Avda. Montañana, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Eryuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
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Abstract
Objective 1) To study the current use of abdominal X-rays (AXR) in our emergency department (ED). 2) To evaluate the clinical predictors for positive AXR findings. Methods During the 40 days study period, all patients who had taken abdominal X-rays were included. The attending doctor filled in a questionnaire on demographic data, clinical features and outcome. The three radiologists who participated in this study reported the films and consultant emergency physicians then commented on the appropriateness of the request. The clinical features, which were predictive of positive radiological findings, were sorted out using univariate analysis. Results 64 patients were included in the 40 days study period. The rate for AXR request was 3.4 per 1000 patients. The most common presenting complaints were abdominal pain (85.9%) and constipation (45.3%). The most frequent clinical findings were abdominal distension (35.9%) and hyperactive bowel sound (31.3%). Only two of the clinical features, including vomiting and rebound tenderness, were found to have significant correlation with positive X-ray findings. Most of the AXR requests and interpretations by ED doctors were considered to be appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tw Wong
- Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Accident & Emergency Department, 3 Lok Man Road, Chaiwan, Hong Kong
| | | | - E Liang
- Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Department of Radiology, 3 Lok Man Road, Chaiwan, Hong Kong
| | - Yk Fu
- Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Department of Radiology, 3 Lok Man Road, Chaiwan, Hong Kong
| | - J Khoo
- Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Department of Radiology, 3 Lok Man Road, Chaiwan, Hong Kong
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Gao J, Liang E, Ma R, Li F, Liu Y, Liu J, Jiang L, Li C, Dai H, Wu J, Su X, He W, Ruan K. Fluorine Pseudocontact Shifts Used for Characterizing the Protein-Ligand Interaction Mode in the Limit of NMR Intermediate Exchange. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Gao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale; School of Life Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Huangshan Road Hefei Anhui 230027 P. R. China
- Center of Medical Physics and Technology; Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Cancer Hospital; Chinese Academy of Science; Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China
| | - E Liang
- Department of pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences; School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Joint centers for Lifer Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Rongsheng Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale; School of Life Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Huangshan Road Hefei Anhui 230027 P. R. China
| | - Fudong Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale; School of Life Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Huangshan Road Hefei Anhui 230027 P. R. China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnet Resonance in Biological Systems; State Key Laboratory of Magnet Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics; Wuhan Center for Magnet Resonance Department; Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Science; Wuhan Hubei 430071 P. R. China
| | - Jiuyang Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale; School of Life Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Huangshan Road Hefei Anhui 230027 P. R. China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Magnet Resonance in Biological Systems; State Key Laboratory of Magnet Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics; Wuhan Center for Magnet Resonance Department; Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Science; Wuhan Hubei 430071 P. R. China
| | - Conggang Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnet Resonance in Biological Systems; State Key Laboratory of Magnet Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics; Wuhan Center for Magnet Resonance Department; Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Science; Wuhan Hubei 430071 P. R. China
| | - Haiming Dai
- Center of Medical Physics and Technology; Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Cancer Hospital; Chinese Academy of Science; Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China
| | - Jihui Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale; School of Life Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Huangshan Road Hefei Anhui 230027 P. R. China
| | - Xuncheng Su
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Collatorative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin); Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Wei He
- Department of pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences; School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Joint centers for Lifer Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Ke Ruan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale; School of Life Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Huangshan Road Hefei Anhui 230027 P. R. China
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