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Kim SJ, Maric C, Briu LM, Fauchereau F, Baldacci G, Debatisse M, Koundrioukoff S, Cadoret JC. Firing of Replication Origins Is Disturbed by a CDK4/6 Inhibitor in a pRb-Independent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10629. [PMID: 37445805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, CDK4/6 inhibitors (palbociclib, ribociclib and abemaciclib) have emerged as promising anticancer drugs. Numerous studies have demonstrated that CDK4/6 inhibitors efficiently block the pRb-E2F pathway and induce cell cycle arrest in pRb-proficient cells. Based on these studies, the inhibitors have been approved by the FDA for treatment of advanced hormonal receptor (HR) positive breast cancers in combination with hormonal therapy. However, some evidence has recently shown unexpected effects of the inhibitors, underlining a need to characterize the effects of CDK4/6 inhibitors beyond pRb. Our study demonstrates how palbociclib impairs origin firing in the DNA replication process in pRb-deficient cell lines. Strikingly, despite the absence of pRb, cells treated with palbociclib synthesize less DNA while showing no cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, this CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment disturbs the temporal program of DNA replication and reduces the density of replication forks. Cells treated with palbociclib show a defect in the loading of the Pre-initiation complex (Pre-IC) proteins on chromatin, indicating a reduced initiation of DNA replication. Our findings highlight hidden effects of palbociclib on the dynamics of DNA replication and of its cytotoxic consequences on cell viability in the absence of pRb. This study provides a potential therapeutic application of palbociclib in combination with other drugs to target genomic instability in pRB-deficient cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jung Kim
- CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
- CNRS UMR9019, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Chrystelle Maric
- CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Lina-Marie Briu
- CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Fabien Fauchereau
- CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Giuseppe Baldacci
- CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Michelle Debatisse
- CNRS UMR9019, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Koundrioukoff
- CNRS UMR9019, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
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Hadjadj D, Denecker T, Guérin E, Kim SJ, Fauchereau F, Baldacci G, Maric C, Cadoret JC. Efficient, quick and easy-to-use DNA replication timing analysis with START-R suite. NAR Genom Bioinform 2020; 2:lqaa045. [PMID: 33575597 PMCID: PMC7671386 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA replication must be faithful and follow a well-defined spatiotemporal program closely linked to transcriptional activity, epigenomic marks, intranuclear structures, mutation rate and cell fate determination. Among the readouts of the spatiotemporal program of DNA replication, replication timing analyses require not only complex and time-consuming experimental procedures, but also skills in bioinformatics. We developed a dedicated Shiny interactive web application, the START-R (Simple Tool for the Analysis of the Replication Timing based on R) suite, which analyzes DNA replication timing in a given organism with high-throughput data. It reduces the time required for generating and analyzing simultaneously data from several samples. It automatically detects different types of timing regions and identifies significant differences between two experimental conditions in ∼15 min. In conclusion, START-R suite allows quick, efficient and easier analyses of DNA replication timing for all organisms. This novel approach can be used by every biologist. It is now simpler to use this method in order to understand, for example, whether 'a favorite gene or protein' has an impact on replication process or, indirectly, on genomic organization (as Hi-C experiments), by comparing the replication timing profiles between wild-type and mutant cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djihad Hadjadj
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université de Paris; Institut Jacques-Monod, UMR7592, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Denecker
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, UMR9198, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Eva Guérin
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université de Paris; Institut Jacques-Monod, UMR7592, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Su-Jung Kim
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université de Paris; Institut Jacques-Monod, UMR7592, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Fabien Fauchereau
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université de Paris; Institut Jacques-Monod, UMR7592, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Giuseppe Baldacci
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université de Paris; Institut Jacques-Monod, UMR7592, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Chrystelle Maric
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université de Paris; Institut Jacques-Monod, UMR7592, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Charles Cadoret
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université de Paris; Institut Jacques-Monod, UMR7592, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France
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Gialluisi A, Andlauer TFM, Mirza-Schreiber N, Moll K, Becker J, Hoffmann P, Ludwig KU, Czamara D, St Pourcain B, Brandler W, Honbolygó F, Tóth D, Csépe V, Huguet G, Morris AP, Hulslander J, Willcutt EG, DeFries JC, Olson RK, Smith SD, Pennington BF, Vaessen A, Maurer U, Lyytinen H, Peyrard-Janvid M, Leppänen PHT, Brandeis D, Bonte M, Stein JF, Talcott JB, Fauchereau F, Wilcke A, Francks C, Bourgeron T, Monaco AP, Ramus F, Landerl K, Kere J, Scerri TS, Paracchini S, Fisher SE, Schumacher J, Nöthen MM, Müller-Myhsok B, Schulte-Körne G. Genome-wide association scan identifies new variants associated with a cognitive predictor of dyslexia. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:77. [PMID: 30741946 PMCID: PMC6370792 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0402-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental dyslexia (DD) is one of the most prevalent learning disorders, with high impact on school and psychosocial development and high comorbidity with conditions like attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, and anxiety. DD is characterized by deficits in different cognitive skills, including word reading, spelling, rapid naming, and phonology. To investigate the genetic basis of DD, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of these skills within one of the largest studies available, including nine cohorts of reading-impaired and typically developing children of European ancestry (N = 2562-3468). We observed a genome-wide significant effect (p < 1 × 10-8) on rapid automatized naming of letters (RANlet) for variants on 18q12.2, within MIR924HG (micro-RNA 924 host gene; rs17663182 p = 4.73 × 10-9), and a suggestive association on 8q12.3 within NKAIN3 (encoding a cation transporter; rs16928927, p = 2.25 × 10-8). rs17663182 (18q12.2) also showed genome-wide significant multivariate associations with RAN measures (p = 1.15 × 10-8) and with all the cognitive traits tested (p = 3.07 × 10-8), suggesting (relational) pleiotropic effects of this variant. A polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis revealed significant genetic overlaps of some of the DD-related traits with educational attainment (EDUyears) and ADHD. Reading and spelling abilities were positively associated with EDUyears (p ~ [10-5-10-7]) and negatively associated with ADHD PRS (p ~ [10-8-10-17]). This corroborates a long-standing hypothesis on the partly shared genetic etiology of DD and ADHD, at the genome-wide level. Our findings suggest new candidate DD susceptibility genes and provide new insights into the genetics of dyslexia and its comorbities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gialluisi
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Sypartially), Munich, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Till F M Andlauer
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Sypartially), Munich, Germany
| | - Nazanin Mirza-Schreiber
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristina Moll
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic, and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jessica Becker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kerstin U Ludwig
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Beate St Pourcain
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - William Brandler
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ferenc Honbolygó
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre of Natural Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dénes Tóth
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre of Natural Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Valéria Csépe
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre of Natural Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Guillaume Huguet
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Department of Biostatistics, Universiy of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jacqueline Hulslander
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Erik G Willcutt
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - John C DeFries
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Richard K Olson
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Shelley D Smith
- Developmental Neuroscience Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Bruce F Pennington
- Developmental Neuropsychology Lab & Clinic, Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Anniek Vaessen
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience & Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (M-BIC), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Urs Maurer
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Heikki Lyytinen
- Centre for Research on Learning and Teaching, Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - Paavo H T Leppänen
- Centre for Research on Learning and Teaching, Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Daniel Brandeis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Milene Bonte
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience & Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (M-BIC), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - John F Stein
- Department of Physiology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Joel B Talcott
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Fabien Fauchereau
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Arndt Wilcke
- Cognitive Genetics Unit, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Clyde Francks
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Bourgeron
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anthony P Monaco
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Franck Ramus
- Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, EHESS, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Karin Landerl
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria and BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
| | - Juha Kere
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Molecular Medicine Program, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Thomas S Scerri
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research & Melbourne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Johannes Schumacher
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bertram Müller-Myhsok
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Sypartially), Munich, Germany.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Gerd Schulte-Körne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic, and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.
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Hadjadj D, Kim SJ, Denecker T, Driss LB, Cadoret JC, Maric C, Baldacci G, Fauchereau F. A hypothesis-driven approach identifies CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitors as candidate drugs for treatments of adrenocortical carcinomas. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 9:2695-2716. [PMID: 29283884 PMCID: PMC5764399 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
High proliferation rate and high mutation density are both indicators of poor prognosis in adrenocortical carcinomas. We performed a hypothesis-driven association study between clinical features in adrenocortical carcinomas and the expression levels of 136 genes involved in DNA metabolism and G1/S phase transition. In 79 samples downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas portal, high Cyclin Dependent Kinase 6 (CDK6) mRNA levels gave the most significant association with shorter time to relapse and poorer survival of patients. A hierarchical clustering approach assembled most tumors with high levels of CDK6 mRNA into one group. These tumors tend to cumulate mutations activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and show reduced MIR506 expression. Actually, the level of MIR506 RNA is inversely correlated with the levels of both CDK6 and CTNNB1 (encoding β-catenin). Together these results indicate that high CDK6 expression is found in aggressive tumors with activated Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Thus we tested the impact of Food and Drug Administration-approved CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitors, namely palbociclib and ribociclib, on SW-13 and NCI-H295R cells. While both drugs reduced viability and induced senescence in SW-13 cells, only palbociclib was effective on the retinoblastoma protein (pRB)-negative NCI-H295R cells, by inducing apoptosis. In NCI-H295R cells, palbociclib induced an increase of the active form of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β (GSK3β) responsible for the reduced amount of active β-catenin, and altered the amount of AXIN2 mRNA. Taken together, these data underline the impact of CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitors in treating adrenocortical carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djihad Hadjadj
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université Paris-Diderot – Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR7592, Institut Jacques-Monod, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Su-Jung Kim
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université Paris-Diderot – Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR7592, Institut Jacques-Monod, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Thomas Denecker
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université Paris-Diderot – Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR7592, Institut Jacques-Monod, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Laura Ben Driss
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université Paris-Diderot – Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR7592, Institut Jacques-Monod, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Jean-Charles Cadoret
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université Paris-Diderot – Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR7592, Institut Jacques-Monod, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Chrystelle Maric
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université Paris-Diderot – Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR7592, Institut Jacques-Monod, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Giuseppe Baldacci
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université Paris-Diderot – Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR7592, Institut Jacques-Monod, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Fabien Fauchereau
- Pathologies de la Réplication de l'ADN, Université Paris-Diderot – Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR7592, Institut Jacques-Monod, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
- ePôle de Génoinformatique, Université Paris-Diderot – Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR7592, Institut Jacques-Monod, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
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Hadjadj D, Denecker T, Maric C, Fauchereau F, Baldacci G, Cadoret JC. Characterization of the replication timing program of 6 human model cell lines. Genom Data 2016; 9:113-7. [PMID: 27508120 PMCID: PMC4961496 DOI: 10.1016/j.gdata.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
During the S-phase, the DNA replication process is finely orchestrated and regulated by two programs: the spatial program that determines where replication will start in the genome (Cadoret et al. (2008 Oct 14), Cayrou et al. (2011 Sep), Picard et al. (2014 May 1) [1], [2], [3]), and the temporal program that determines when during the S phase different parts of the genome are replicated and when origins are activated. The temporal program is so well conserved for each cell type from independent individuals [4] that it is possible to identify a cell type from an unknown sample just by determining its replication timing program. Moreover, replicative domains are strongly correlated with the partition of the genome into topological domains (determined by the Hi-C method, Lieberman-Aiden et al. (2009 Oct 9), Pope et al. (2014 Nov 20) [5], [6]). On the one hand, replicative areas are well defined and participate in shaping the spatial organization of the genome for a given cell type. On the other hand, studies on the timing program during cell differentiation showed a certain plasticity of this program according to the stage of cell differentiation Hiratani et al. (2008 Oct 7, 2010 Feb) [7], [8]. Domains where a replication timing change was observed went through a nuclear re-localization. Thus the temporal program of replication can be considered as an epigenetic mark Hiratani and Gilbert (2009 Feb 16) [9]. We present the genomic data of replication timing in 6 human model cell lines: U2OS (GSM2111308), RKO (GSM2111309), HEK 293T (GSM2111310), HeLa (GSM2111311), MRC5-SV (GSM2111312) and K562 (GSM2111313). A short comparative analysis was performed that allowed us to define regions common to the 6 cell lines. These replication timing data can be taken into account when performing studies that use these model cell lines.
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Fauchereau F, Shalev S, Chervinsky E, Beck-Fruchter R, Legois B, Fellous M, Caburet S, Veitia RA. A non-sense MCM9 mutation in a familial case of primary ovarian insufficiency. Clin Genet 2016; 89:603-7. [PMID: 26771056 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) results in an early loss of ovarian function, and remains idiopathic in about 80% of cases. Here, we have performed a complete genetic study of a consanguineous family with two POI cases. Linkage analysis and homozygosity mapping identified 12 homozygous regions with linkage, totalling 84 Mb. Whole-exome sequencing of the two patients and a non-affected sister allowed us to detect a homozygous causal variant in the MCM9 gene. The variant c.1483G>T [p.E495*], confirmed using Sanger sequencing, introduced a premature stop codon in coding exon 8 and is expected to lead to the loss of a functional protein. MCM9 belongs to a complex required for DNA repair by homologous recombination, and its impairment in mouse is known to induce meiotic recombination defects and oocyte degeneration. A previous study recently described two consanguineous families in which homozygous mutations of MCM9 were responsible for POI and short stature. Interestingly, the affected sisters in the family described here had a normal height. Altogether, our results provide the confirmation of the implication of MCM9 variants in POI and expand their phenotypic spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fauchereau
- Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France.,Department of Biology, Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII, Paris Cedex, France
| | - S Shalev
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.,Genetic Institute, Haemek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - E Chervinsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.,Genetic Institute, Haemek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | | | - B Legois
- Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France.,Department of Biology, Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII, Paris Cedex, France
| | - M Fellous
- Department of Genetics and Development, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Descartes-Paris V, Paris, France
| | - S Caburet
- Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France.,Department of Biology, Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII, Paris Cedex, France
| | - R A Veitia
- Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France.,Department of Biology, Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII, Paris Cedex, France
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Pinel P, Lalanne C, Bourgeron T, Fauchereau F, Poupon C, Artiges E, Le Bihan D, Dehaene-Lambertz G, Dehaene S. Genetic and Environmental Influences on the Visual Word Form and Fusiform Face Areas. Cereb Cortex 2014; 25:2478-93. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhu048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Leblond CS, Heinrich J, Delorme R, Proepper C, Betancur C, Huguet G, Konyukh M, Chaste P, Ey E, Rastam M, Anckarsäter H, Nygren G, Gillberg IC, Melke J, Toro R, Regnault B, Fauchereau F, Mercati O, Lemière N, Skuse D, Poot M, Holt R, Monaco AP, Järvelä I, Kantojärvi K, Vanhala R, Curran S, Collier DA, Bolton P, Chiocchetti A, Klauck SM, Poustka F, Freitag CM, Waltes R, Kopp M, Duketis E, Bacchelli E, Minopoli F, Ruta L, Battaglia A, Mazzone L, Maestrini E, Sequeira AF, Oliveira B, Vicente A, Oliveira G, Pinto D, Scherer SW, Zelenika D, Delepine M, Lathrop M, Bonneau D, Guinchat V, Devillard F, Assouline B, Mouren MC, Leboyer M, Gillberg C, Boeckers TM, Bourgeron T. Genetic and functional analyses of SHANK2 mutations suggest a multiple hit model of autism spectrum disorders. PLoS Genet 2012; 8:e1002521. [PMID: 22346768 PMCID: PMC3276563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders with a complex inheritance pattern. While many rare variants in synaptic proteins have been identified in patients with ASD, little is known about their effects at the synapse and their interactions with other genetic variations. Here, following the discovery of two de novo SHANK2 deletions by the Autism Genome Project, we identified a novel 421 kb de novo SHANK2 deletion in a patient with autism. We then sequenced SHANK2 in 455 patients with ASD and 431 controls and integrated these results with those reported by Berkel et al. 2010 (n = 396 patients and n = 659 controls). We observed a significant enrichment of variants affecting conserved amino acids in 29 of 851 (3.4%) patients and in 16 of 1,090 (1.5%) controls (P = 0.004, OR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.23-4.70). In neuronal cell cultures, the variants identified in patients were associated with a reduced synaptic density at dendrites compared to the variants only detected in controls (P = 0.0013). Interestingly, the three patients with de novo SHANK2 deletions also carried inherited CNVs at 15q11-q13 previously associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. In two cases, the nicotinic receptor CHRNA7 was duplicated and in one case the synaptic translation repressor CYFIP1 was deleted. These results strengthen the role of synaptic gene dysfunction in ASD but also highlight the presence of putative modifier genes, which is in keeping with the "multiple hit model" for ASD. A better knowledge of these genetic interactions will be necessary to understand the complex inheritance pattern of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire S. Leblond
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition,” Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Denis Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Jutta Heinrich
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Richard Delorme
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition,” Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Paris, France
| | | | - Catalina Betancur
- INSERM, U952, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7224, Paris, France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Huguet
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition,” Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Denis Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Marina Konyukh
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition,” Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Denis Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Pauline Chaste
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition,” Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Denis Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Elodie Ey
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition,” Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Denis Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Maria Rastam
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Gudrun Nygren
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - I. Carina Gillberg
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jonas Melke
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Pharmacology, Gothenburg University, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Roberto Toro
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition,” Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Denis Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Beatrice Regnault
- Eukaryote Genotyping Platform, Genopole, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Fauchereau
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition,” Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Denis Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Oriane Mercati
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition,” Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Denis Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Lemière
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition,” Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Denis Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - David Skuse
- Behavioural and Brain Sciences Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Poot
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Holt
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony P. Monaco
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Irma Järvelä
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Kantojärvi
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raija Vanhala
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sarah Curran
- Academic Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Collier
- Social Genetic Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Bolton
- Academic Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Social Genetic Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Chiocchetti
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine M. Klauck
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fritz Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christine M. Freitag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Regina Waltes
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marnie Kopp
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Eftichia Duketis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elena Bacchelli
- Department of Biology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Liliana Ruta
- Division of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Paediatrics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Agatino Battaglia
- Stella Maris Clinical Research Institute for Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luigi Mazzone
- Division of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Pediatrics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Elena Maestrini
- Department of Biology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ana F. Sequeira
- Instituto Nacional de Saude Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia, Oeiras, Portugal
- Center for Biodiversity, Functional and Integrative Genomics, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Barbara Oliveira
- Instituto Nacional de Saude Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia, Oeiras, Portugal
- Center for Biodiversity, Functional and Integrative Genomics, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Astrid Vicente
- Instituto Nacional de Saude Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia, Oeiras, Portugal
- Center for Biodiversity, Functional and Integrative Genomics, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Guiomar Oliveira
- Unidade Neurodesenvolvimento e Autismo, Centro Investigação e Formação Clinica, Hospital Pediátrico Coimbra e Faculdade Medicina, Universidade Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Dalila Pinto
- The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genomic Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stephen W. Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genomic Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Dominique Bonneau
- INSERM U771 and CNRS 6214, Angers, France
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
| | - Vincent Guinchat
- CADIPA–Centre de Ressources Autisme Rhône-Alpes, Saint Egrève, France
| | | | | | - Marie-Christine Mouren
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Paris, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- INSERM, U955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor–A. Chenevier, Département de Psychiatrie, Créteil, France
| | - Christopher Gillberg
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas Bourgeron
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition,” Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Denis Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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9
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Chaste P, Clement N, Botros HG, Guillaume JL, Konyukh M, Pagan C, Scheid I, Nygren G, Anckarsäter H, Rastam M, Ståhlberg O, Gillberg IC, Melke J, Delorme R, Leblond C, Toro R, Huguet G, Fauchereau F, Durand C, Boudarene L, Serrano E, Lemière N, Launay JM, Leboyer M, Jockers R, Gillberg C, Bourgeron T. Genetic variations of the melatonin pathway in patients with attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorders. J Pineal Res 2011; 51:394-9. [PMID: 21615493 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2011.00902.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant and a synchronizer of many physiological processes. Alteration in melatonin signaling has been reported in a broad range of diseases, but little is known about the genetic variability of this pathway in humans. Here, we sequenced all the genes of the melatonin pathway -AA-NAT, ASMT, MTNR1A, MTNR1B and GPR50 - in 321 individuals from Sweden including 101 patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 220 controls from the general population. We could find several damaging mutations in patients with ADHD, but no significant enrichment compared with the general population. Among these variations, we found a splice site mutation in ASMT (IVS5+2T>C) and one stop mutation in MTNR1A (Y170X) - detected exclusively in patients with ADHD - for which biochemical analyses indicated that they abolish the activity of ASMT and MTNR1A. These genetic and functional results represent the first comprehensive ascertainment of melatonin signaling deficiency in ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Chaste
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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10
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Konyukh M, Delorme R, Chaste P, Leblond C, Lemière N, Nygren G, Anckarsäter H, Rastam M, Ståhlberg O, Amsellem F, Gillberg IC, Mouren-Simeoni MC, Herbrecht E, Fauchereau F, Toro R, Gillberg C, Leboyer M, Bourgeron T. Variations of the candidate SEZ6L2 gene on Chromosome 16p11.2 in patients with autism spectrum disorders and in human populations. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17289. [PMID: 21394203 PMCID: PMC3048866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of severe childhood neurodevelopmental disorders with still unknown etiology. One of the most frequently reported associations is the presence of recurrent de novo or inherited microdeletions and microduplications on chromosome 16p11.2. The analysis of rare variations of 8 candidate genes among the 27 genes located in this region suggested SEZ6L2 as a compelling candidate. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We further explored the role of SEZ6L2 variations by screening its coding part in a group of 452 individuals, including 170 patients with ASD and 282 individuals from different ethnic backgrounds of the Human Genome Diversity Panel (HGDP), complementing the previously reported screening. We detected 7 previously unidentified non-synonymous variations of SEZ6L2 in ASD patients. We also identified 6 non-synonymous variations present only in HGDP. When we merged our results with the previously published, no enrichment of non-synonymous variation in SEZ6L2 was observed in the ASD group compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our results provide an extensive ascertainment of the genetic variability of SEZ6L2 in human populations and do not support a major role for SEZ6L2 sequence variations in the susceptibility to ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Konyukh
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition”, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Richard Delorme
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition”, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Service de Psychopathologie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Hôpital Robert Debré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Medical Genomic, Psychiatry Genetic team, Creteil, France
| | - Pauline Chaste
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition”, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Service de Psychopathologie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Hôpital Robert Debré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Medical Genomic, Psychiatry Genetic team, Creteil, France
| | - Claire Leblond
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition”, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Lemière
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition”, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Gudrun Nygren
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Anckarsäter
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria Rastam
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ola Ståhlberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Frederique Amsellem
- Service de Psychopathologie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Hôpital Robert Debré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Medical Genomic, Psychiatry Genetic team, Creteil, France
| | - I. Carina Gillberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Marie Christine Mouren-Simeoni
- Service de Psychopathologie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Hôpital Robert Debré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Evelyn Herbrecht
- University Paris Est-Créteil, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil, France
- AP-HP, Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier Hospitals, Department of Psychiatry, Creteil, France
- Fondation FondaMental, French National Science Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Fabien Fauchereau
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition”, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- University Denis Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Roberto Toro
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition”, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Christopher Gillberg
- INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Medical Genomic, Psychiatry Genetic team, Creteil, France
- Saint George's Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marion Leboyer
- University Paris Est-Créteil, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil, France
- AP-HP, Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier Hospitals, Department of Psychiatry, Creteil, France
- Fondation FondaMental, French National Science Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Thomas Bourgeron
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS URA 2182 “Genes, synapses and cognition”, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Fondation FondaMental, French National Science Foundation, Créteil, France
- University Denis Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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11
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Ben-Abdallah M, Bondet V, Fauchereau F, Béguin P, Goubran-Botros H, Pagan C, Bourgeron T, Bellalou J. Production of soluble, active acetyl serotonin methyl transferase in Leishmania tarentolae. Protein Expr Purif 2011; 75:114-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2010.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Revised: 07/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Gong X, Delorme R, Fauchereau F, Durand CM, Chaste P, Betancur C, Goubran-Botros H, Nygren G, Anckarsäter H, Rastam M, Gillberg IC, Kopp S, Mouren-Simeoni MC, Gillberg C, Leboyer M, Bourgeron T. An investigation of ribosomal protein L10 gene in autism spectrum disorders. BMC Med Genet 2009; 10:7. [PMID: 19166581 PMCID: PMC2645381 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-10-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2008] [Accepted: 01/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are severe neurodevelopmental disorders with the male:female ratio of 4:1, implying the contribution of X chromosome genetic factors to the susceptibility of ASD. The ribosomal protein L10 (RPL10) gene, located on chromosome Xq28, codes for a key protein in assembling large ribosomal subunit and protein synthesis. Two non-synonymous mutations of RPL10, L206M and H213Q, were identified in four boys with ASD. Moreover, functional studies of mutant RPL10 in yeast exhibited aberrant ribosomal profiles. These results provided a novel aspect of disease mechanisms for autism – aberrant processes of ribosome biosynthesis and translation. To confirm these initial findings, we re-sequenced RPL10 exons and quantified mRNA transcript level of RPL10 in our samples. Methods 141 individuals with ASD were recruited in this study. All RPL10 exons and flanking junctions were sequenced. Furthermore, mRNA transcript level of RPL10 was quantified in B lymphoblastoid cell lines (BLCL) of 48 patients and 27 controls using the method of SYBR Green quantitative PCR. Two sets of primer pairs were used to quantify the mRNA expression level of RPL10: RPL10-A and RPL10-B. Results No non-synonymous mutations were detected in our cohort. Male controls showed similar transcript level of RPL10 compared with female controls (RPL10-A, U = 81, P = 0.7; RPL10-B, U = 61.5, P = 0.2). We did not observe any significant difference in RPL10 transcript levels between cases and controls (RPL10-A, U = 531, P = 0.2; RPL10-B, U = 607.5, P = 0.7). Conclusion Our results suggest that RPL10 has no major effect on the susceptibility to ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Gong
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, CNRS URA 2182 Genes, Synapses and Cognition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
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13
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Gong X, Bacchelli E, Blasi F, Toma C, Betancur C, Chaste P, Delorme R, Durand C, Fauchereau F, Botros HG, Leboyer M, Mouren-Simeoni MC, Nygren G, Anckarsäter H, Rastam M, Gillberg IC, Gillberg C, Moreno-De-Luca D, Carone S, Nummela I, Rossi M, Battaglia A, Jarvela I, Maestrini E, Bourgeron T, Bourgeron T. Analysis of X chromosome inactivation in autism spectrum disorders. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2008; 147B:830-5. [PMID: 18361425 PMCID: PMC4867005 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex genetic disorders more frequently observed in males. Skewed X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is observed in heterozygous females carrying gene mutations involved in several X-linked syndromes. In this study, we aimed to estimate the role of X-linked genes in ASD susceptibility by ascertaining the XCI pattern in a sample of 543 informative mothers of children with ASD and in a sample of 163 affected girls. The XCI pattern was also determined in two control groups (144 adult females and 40 young females) with a similar age distribution to the mothers sample and affected girls sample, respectively. We observed no significant excess of skewed XCI in families with ASD. Interestingly, two mothers and one girl carrying known mutations in X-linked genes (NLGN3, ATRX, MECP2) showed highly skewed XCI, suggesting that ascertainment of XCI could reveal families with X-linked mutations. Linkage analysis was carried out in the subgroup of multiplex families with skewed XCI (> or = 80:20) and a modest increased allele sharing was obtained in the Xq27-Xq28 region, with a peak Z-score of 1.75 close to rs719489. In summary, our results suggest that there is no major X-linked gene subject to XCI and expressed in blood cells conferring susceptibility to ASD. However, the possibility that rare mutations in X-linked genes could contribute to ASD cannot be excluded. We propose that the XCI profile could be a useful criteria to prioritize families for mutation screening of X-linked candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Gong
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur [Paris]Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique25-28 rue du Docteur Roux F-75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Elena Bacchelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology
Università di Bologna [Bologna]Via Zamboni, 33, 40126 Bologna, Italie,Medical Genetics Laboratory
Policlinico S. Orsola-MalpighiVia Pietro Albertoni, 15, 40138 Bologna, Italie
| | - Francesca Blasi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology
Università di Bologna [Bologna]Via Zamboni, 33, 40126 Bologna, Italie
| | - Claudio Toma
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology
Università di Bologna [Bologna]Via Zamboni, 33, 40126 Bologna, Italie
| | - Catalina Betancur
- Neurobiologie et Psychiatrie
INSERM U513AP-HP, Groupe hospitalier Henri Mondor-Albert ChenevierUniversité Paris 12 - Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne51 Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Pauline Chaste
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur [Paris]Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique25-28 rue du Docteur Roux F-75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Richard Delorme
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur [Paris]Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique25-28 rue du Docteur Roux F-75724 Paris Cedex 15, France,Service de psychopathologie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent
Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)Hôpital Robert DebréUniversité Paris Diderot - Paris 748, Bd Sérurier 75019 Paris, France
| | - Christelle Durand
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur [Paris]Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique25-28 rue du Docteur Roux F-75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Fabien Fauchereau
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur [Paris]Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique25-28 rue du Docteur Roux F-75724 Paris Cedex 15, France,UP7, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7
5 rue Thomas-Mann - 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Hany Goubran Botros
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur [Paris]Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique25-28 rue du Docteur Roux F-75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- IMRB, Institut Mondor de recherche biomédicale
INSERMUniversité Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12Hôpital Henri Mondor 51, av du mal de lattre de tassigny 94010 Créteil, France,Service de psychiatrie
Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)Hôpital Henri MondorHôpital Albert ChenevierCréteil, France
| | - Marie-Christine Mouren-Simeoni
- Service de psychopathologie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent
Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)Hôpital Robert DebréUniversité Paris Diderot - Paris 748, Bd Sérurier 75019 Paris, France
| | - Gudrun Nygren
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Gothenburg UniversityGöteborg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Anckarsäter
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Gothenburg UniversityGöteborg, Sweden
| | - Maria Rastam
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Gothenburg UniversityGöteborg, Sweden
| | - I Carina Gillberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Gothenburg UniversityGöteborg, Sweden
| | - Christopher Gillberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Gothenburg UniversityGöteborg, Sweden,Saint George's Hospital Medical School
Saint George's Hospital Medical SchoolLondon, UK
| | - Daniel Moreno-De-Luca
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology
Università di Bologna [Bologna]Via Zamboni, 33, 40126 Bologna, Italie
| | - Simona Carone
- Medical Genetics Laboratory
Policlinico S. Orsola-MalpighiVia Pietro Albertoni, 15, 40138 Bologna, Italie
| | - Ilona Nummela
- Department of Medical Genetics
University of HelsinkiP.O. Box 3 (Fabianinkatu 33) 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mari Rossi
- Department of Medical Genetics
University of HelsinkiP.O. Box 3 (Fabianinkatu 33) 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Agatino Battaglia
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry
IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris PisaViale del Tirreno 331 - 56128, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Irma Jarvela
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics
Helsinki University HospitalHelsinki, Finland
| | - Elena Maestrini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology
Università di Bologna [Bologna]Via Zamboni, 33, 40126 Bologna, Italie
| | - Thomas Bourgeron
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur [Paris]Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique25-28 rue du Docteur Roux F-75724 Paris Cedex 15, France,UP7, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7
5 rue Thomas-Mann - 75205 Paris cedex 13, France,* Correspondence should be addressed to Thomas Bourgeron
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Durand CM, Chaste P, Fauchereau F, Betancur C, Leboyer M, Bourgeron T. [Alterations in synapsis formation and function in autism disorders]. Med Sci (Paris) 2008; 24:25-8. [PMID: 18198104 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/200824125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christelle M Durand
- Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
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15
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Melke J, Goubran-Botros H, Chaste P, Betancur C, Nygren G, Anckarsäter H, Rastam M, Ståhlberg O, Gillberg IC, Delorme R, Chabane N, Mouren-Simeoni MC, Fauchereau F, Durand CM, Chevalier F, Drouot X, Collet C, Launay JM, Leboyer M, Gillberg C, Bourgeron T. Abnormal melatonin synthesis in autism spectrum disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2008; 13:90-8. [PMID: 17505466 PMCID: PMC2199264 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4002016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is produced in the dark by the pineal gland and is a key regulator of circadian and seasonal rhythms. A low melatonin level has been reported in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but the underlying cause of this deficit was unknown. The ASMT gene, encoding the last enzyme of melatonin synthesis, is located on the pseudo-autosomal region 1 of the sex chromosomes, deleted in several individuals with ASD. In this study, we sequenced all ASMT exons and promoters in individuals with ASD (n=250) and compared the allelic frequencies with controls (n=255). Non-conservative variations of ASMT were identified, including a splicing mutation present in two families with ASD, but not in controls. Two polymorphisms located in the promoter (rs4446909 and rs5989681) were more frequent in ASD compared to controls (P=0.0006) and were associated with a dramatic decrease in ASMT transcripts in blood cell lines (P=2 x 10(-10)). Biochemical analyses performed on blood platelets and/or cultured cells revealed a highly significant decrease in ASMT activity (P=2 x 10(-12)) and melatonin level (P=3 x 10(-11)) in individuals with ASD. These results indicate that a low melatonin level, caused by a primary deficit in ASMT activity, is a risk factor for ASD. They also support ASMT as a susceptibility gene for ASD and highlight the crucial role of melatonin in human cognition and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Melke
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur de ParisCNRS : URA218225-28 rue du Docteur Roux
F-75724 Paris Cedex 15,FR
| | - Hany Goubran-Botros
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur de ParisCNRS : URA218225-28 rue du Docteur Roux
F-75724 Paris Cedex 15,FR
| | - Pauline Chaste
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur de ParisCNRS : URA218225-28 rue du Docteur Roux
F-75724 Paris Cedex 15,FR
| | - Catalina Betancur
- Neurobiologie et Psychiatrie
INSERM : U513Université Paris XII Val de MarneFaculte de Medecine PARIS XII
8, Rue du General Sarrail
94010 CRETEIL CEDEX,FR
| | - Gudrun Nygren
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Goteborg UniversityGoteborg,SE
| | - Henrik Anckarsäter
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Goteborg UniversityGoteborg,SE
- Institute of Clinical Sciences
Lund University20502 Malmö,SE
| | - Maria Rastam
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Goteborg UniversityGoteborg,SE
| | - Ola Ståhlberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Goteborg UniversityGoteborg,SE
| | - I. Carina Gillberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Goteborg UniversityGoteborg,SE
| | - Richard Delorme
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur de ParisCNRS : URA218225-28 rue du Docteur Roux
F-75724 Paris Cedex 15,FR
| | - Nadia Chabane
- Service de psychopathologie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent
AP-HPHôpital Robert DebréUniversité Denis Diderot - Paris VII48, Bd Sérurier
75019 PARIS,FR
| | - Marie-Christine Mouren-Simeoni
- Service de psychopathologie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent
AP-HPHôpital Robert DebréUniversité Denis Diderot - Paris VII48, Bd Sérurier
75019 PARIS,FR
| | - Fabien Fauchereau
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur de ParisCNRS : URA218225-28 rue du Docteur Roux
F-75724 Paris Cedex 15,FR
| | - Christelle M. Durand
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur de ParisCNRS : URA218225-28 rue du Docteur Roux
F-75724 Paris Cedex 15,FR
| | - Fabien Chevalier
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur de ParisCNRS : URA218225-28 rue du Docteur Roux
F-75724 Paris Cedex 15,FR
| | - Xavier Drouot
- Service de physiologie, explorations fonctionnelles
AP-HPHôpital Henri MondorUniversité Paris XII Val de Marne51, av du Maréchal de Tassigny, Créteil,FR
| | - Corinne Collet
- Service de Biochimie
AP-HPHôpital LariboisièreINSERM : IFR139EA36212, rue Ambroise - Paré
75475 PARIS Cedex 10,FR
| | - Jean-Marie Launay
- Service de Biochimie
AP-HPHôpital LariboisièreINSERM : IFR139EA36212, rue Ambroise - Paré
75475 PARIS Cedex 10,FR
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Neurobiologie et Psychiatrie
INSERM : U513Université Paris XII Val de MarneFaculte de Medecine PARIS XII
8, Rue du General Sarrail
94010 CRETEIL CEDEX,FR
- Département de psychiatrie
Hôpital Albert ChenevierHôpital Henri MondorAP-HP94000 Créteil,FR
| | - Christopher Gillberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Goteborg UniversityGoteborg,SE
- Saint George's Hospital Medical School
Saint George's Hospital Medical SchoolLondon,GB
| | - Thomas Bourgeron
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur de ParisCNRS : URA218225-28 rue du Docteur Roux
F-75724 Paris Cedex 15,FR
- Université Denis Diderot Paris 7
Université Denis Diderot - Paris VIIParis,FR
- * Correspondence should be adressed to: Thomas Bourgeron
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16
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Durand CM, Betancur C, Boeckers TM, Bockmann J, Chaste P, Fauchereau F, Nygren G, Rastam M, Gillberg IC, Anckarsäter H, Sponheim E, Goubran-Botros H, Delorme R, Chabane N, Mouren-Simeoni MC, de Mas P, Bieth E, Rogé B, Héron D, Burglen L, Gillberg C, Leboyer M, Bourgeron T. Mutations in the gene encoding the synaptic scaffolding protein SHANK3 are associated with autism spectrum disorders. Nat Genet 2006; 39:25-7. [PMID: 17173049 PMCID: PMC2082049 DOI: 10.1038/ng1933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1083] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2006] [Accepted: 10/27/2006] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SHANK3 (also known as ProSAP2) regulates the structural organization of dendritic spines and is a binding partner of neuroligins; genes encoding neuroligins are mutated in autism and Asperger syndrome. Here, we report that a mutation of a single copy of SHANK3 on chromosome 22q13 can result in language and/or social communication disorders. These mutations concern only a small number of individuals, but they shed light on one gene dosage-sensitive synaptic pathway that is involved in autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle M. Durand
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur de Paris CNRS : URA218225-28 rue du Docteur Roux
F-75724 Paris Cedex 15,FR
| | - Catalina Betancur
- Neurobiologie et Psychiatrie
INSERM : U513Université Paris XII Val de MarneFaculté de Médecine PARIS XII
8, Rue du Général Sarrail
94010 CRETEIL CEDEX,FR
| | | | | | - Pauline Chaste
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur de Paris CNRS : URA218225-28 rue du Docteur Roux
F-75724 Paris Cedex 15,FR
| | - Fabien Fauchereau
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur de Paris CNRS : URA218225-28 rue du Docteur Roux
F-75724 Paris Cedex 15,FR
- Université Denis Diderot
- Paris VIIParis,FR
| | - Gudrun Nygren
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Göteborg UniversityGöteborg,SE
| | - Maria Rastam
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Göteborg UniversityGöteborg,SE
| | - I Carina Gillberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Göteborg UniversityGöteborg,SE
| | - Henrik Anckarsäter
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Göteborg UniversityGöteborg,SE
| | - Eili Sponheim
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
University of Oslo0319 Oslo,NO
| | - Hany Goubran-Botros
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur de Paris CNRS : URA218225-28 rue du Docteur Roux
F-75724 Paris Cedex 15,FR
| | - Richard Delorme
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur de Paris CNRS : URA218225-28 rue du Docteur Roux
F-75724 Paris Cedex 15,FR
| | - Nadia Chabane
- Service de psychopathologie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent
AP-HP Hôpital Robert DebréUniversité Denis Diderot - Paris VII48, Bd Sérurier
75019 PARIS,FR
| | - Marie-Christine Mouren-Simeoni
- Service de psychopathologie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent
AP-HP Hôpital Robert DebréUniversité Denis Diderot - Paris VII48, Bd Sérurier
75019 PARIS,FR
| | | | - Eric Bieth
- Department of Medical Genetics
Hôpital PurpanToulouse,FR
| | - Bernadette Rogé
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches en PsychoPathologie
Université de Toulouse le MirailToulouse,FR
| | - Delphine Héron
- Service de génétique, cytogénétique, embryologie
AP-HP Hôpital de La Pitié-SalpêtrièreUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital
75651 Paris Cedex 13,FR
| | - Lydie Burglen
- Service de génétique et embryologie médicales
AP-HP Hôpital Armand TrousseauUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI26, avenue du Docteur Arnold-Netter
75571 PARIS Cedex 12,FR
| | - Christopher Gillberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Göteborg UniversityGöteborg,SE
- Saint George's Hospital Medical School
London,GB
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Neurobiologie et Psychiatrie
INSERM : U513Université Paris XII Val de MarneFaculté de Médecine PARIS XII
8, Rue du Général Sarrail
94010 CRETEIL CEDEX,FR
- Département de Psychiatrie
AP-HP Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor et Albert Chenevier40 rue de Mesly
94000 Créteil,FR
| | - Thomas Bourgeron
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives
Institut Pasteur de Paris CNRS : URA218225-28 rue du Docteur Roux
F-75724 Paris Cedex 15,FR
- Université Denis Diderot
- Paris VIIParis,FR
- * Correspondence should be adressed to: Thomas Bourgeron
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17
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Friocourt G, Kappeler C, Saillour Y, Fauchereau F, Rodriguez MS, Bahi N, Vinet MC, Chafey P, Poirier K, Taya S, Wood SA, Dargemont C, Francis F, Chelly J. Doublecortin interacts with the ubiquitin protease DFFRX, which associates with microtubules in neuronal processes. Mol Cell Neurosci 2005; 28:153-64. [PMID: 15607950 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2004.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2004] [Revised: 09/07/2004] [Accepted: 09/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Doublecortin (DCX) is a microtubule-associated protein involved in neuronal migration, which causes X-linked lissencephaly and subcortical laminar heterotopia (SCLH) when mutated. Here we show that DCX interacts with the ubiquitin-specific protease Drosophila fat facets related on X chromosome (DFFRX). This interaction was confirmed by targeted mutagenesis, colocalization, and immunoprecipitation studies. DFFRX is thought to deubiquitinate specific substrates including beta-catenin, preventing their degradation by the proteasome. Interestingly, unlike beta-catenin, no ubiquitinated forms of DCX could be detected, and indeed we show that DCX interacts with a novel recognition domain in DFFRX, located outside of its catalytic site. We also show that DFFRX associates with microtubules at specific subcellular compartments, including those enriched in DCX. These results thus suggest that in addition to vesicular trafficking, DCX may play a role in the regulation of cell adhesion via its interaction with DFFRX in migrating and differentiating neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Friocourt
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Physiopathologie des Retards Mentaux, GDPM, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France
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18
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Fauchereau F, Herbrand U, Chafey P, Eberth A, Koulakoff A, Vinet MC, Ahmadian MR, Chelly J, Billuart P. The RhoGAP activity of OPHN1, a new F-actin-binding protein, is negatively controlled by its amino-terminal domain. Mol Cell Neurosci 2003; 23:574-86. [PMID: 12932438 DOI: 10.1016/s1044-7431(03)00078-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent human genetic approaches showed that mutations in three genes encoding OPHN1, PAK3, and alphaPIX cause nonspecific X-linked mental retardation. These three proteins act to modulate Rho GTPase signaling pathways and may participate in neuronal morphogenesis by regulating the actin cytoskeleton. Here we showed that the Oligophrenin-1 gene is expressed in the developing spinal cord and later in brain areas that are characterized by high synaptic plasticity. At the cellular level OPHN1 is expressed in both glial and neuronal cells where it colocalizes with actin, notably at the tip of growing neurites. This interaction seems to be direct through a novel uncharacterized domain in the carboxyl-terminal end of OPHN1. Overexpression experiments in fibroblasts showed that the OPHN1 RhoGAP domain regulates in vivo the actin cytoskeleton by inhibition of Rho pathways. Interestingly the amino-terminal domain of OPHN1 inhibits the RhoGAP activity through an as yet unknown mechanism, suggesting that OPHN1 may be tightly regulated in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Fauchereau
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U567, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris V René Descartes, IFR116, 24 rue du Fg St Jacques, 75014, Paris, France
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19
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Bahi N, Friocourt G, Carrié A, Graham ME, Weiss JL, Chafey P, Fauchereau F, Burgoyne RD, Chelly J. IL1 receptor accessory protein like, a protein involved in X-linked mental retardation, interacts with Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 and regulates exocytosis. Hum Mol Genet 2003; 12:1415-25. [PMID: 12783849 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddg147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, human genetics-based approaches allowed us to show that mutations in the IL-1 receptor accessory protein-like gene (IL1RAPL) are responsible for a non-specific form of X-linked mental retardation. This gene encodes a predicted protein of 696 amino acids that belongs to a novel class of the IL-1/Toll receptor family. In addition to the extracellular portion consisting of three Ig-like domains and the intracellular TIR domain characteristic of the IL-1/Toll receptor family, IL1RAPL contains a specific 150 amino acid carboxy terminus that has no significant homology with any protein of known function. In order to begin to elucidate the function of this IL-1/Toll receptor-like protein, we have assessed the effect of recombinant IL1RAPL on the binding affinity of type I IL-1R for its ligands IL-1alpha and beta and searched for proteins interacting with the specific carboxy terminus domain of IL1RAPL. Our results show that IL1RAPL is not a protein receptor for IL-1. In addition we present here the identification of Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 (NCS-1) as an IL1RAPL interactor. Remarkably, although NCS-1 and its non-mammalian homologue, frequenin, are members of a highly conserved EF-hand Ca(2+) binding protein family, our data show that IL1RAPL interacts only with NCS-1 through its specific C-terminal domain. The functional relevance of IL1RAPL activity was further supported by the inhibitory effect on exocytosis in PC12 cells overexpressing IL1RAPL. Taken together, our data suggest that IL1RAPL may regulate calcium-dependent exocytosis and provide insight into the understanding of physiopathological mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment resulting from IL1RAPL dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bahi
- Institut Cochin, INSERM Unité 567, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris V, CHU Cochin, 24 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75 014 Paris, France
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20
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Friocourt G, Koulakoff A, Chafey P, Boucher D, Fauchereau F, Chelly J, Francis F. Doublecortin functions at the extremities of growing neuronal processes. Cereb Cortex 2003; 13:620-6. [PMID: 12764037 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/13.6.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I lissencephaly is a cortical malformation disorder characterized by disorganized cortical layers and gyral abnormalities and associated with severe cognitive impairment and epilepsy. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the epilepsy and mental retardation in this and related disorders remain unknown. Two genes, LIS1 and doublecortin, have both been shown to be mutated in a large proportion of cases of type I lissencephaly and a milder allelic disorder, subcortical laminar heterotopia (SCLH). Studying the protein products of these genes and the biochemical pathways in which they belong is likely to yield important information concerning both normal and abnormal cortical development. The relationships between the LIS1 and Doublecortin proteins are not yet well defined, but both are believed to play a critical role in cortical neuronal migration. Lis1 is expressed from very early development in the mouse and in both proliferating cells and post-mitotic neurons of the cortex. This protein is likely to have multiple functions since it is a subunit of the enzyme platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, which degrades platelet activating factor, and has also been shown to be involved in microtubule dynamics, potentially influencing nuclear migration through its interaction with the dynein motor protein complex. Doublecortin on the other hand is exclusively expressed in post-mitotic neurons and is developmentally regulated. In young developing neurons Doublecortin has a specific subcellular localization at the ends of neuritic and leading processes. This localization, combined with our previous data showing that it is a microtubule-associated protein and that it interacts with adapter complexes involved in vesicle trafficking, suggests a role in the growth of neuronal processes, downstream of directional or guidance signals. The observations summarized here favor the suggestion that whereas LIS1 may play a role in nuclear migration, Doublecortin is instead restricted to functions at the leading edge of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Friocourt
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Physiopathologie des Retards Mentaux, GDPM, Institut Cochin, 24 Rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, F-75014 Paris, France
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21
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Bienvenu T, Poirier K, Friocourt G, Bahi N, Beaumont D, Fauchereau F, Ben Jeema L, Zemni R, Vinet MC, Francis F, Couvert P, Gomot M, Moraine C, van Bokhoven H, Kalscheuer V, Frints S, Gecz J, Ohzaki K, Chaabouni H, Fryns JP, Desportes V, Beldjord C, Chelly J. ARX, a novel Prd-class-homeobox gene highly expressed in the telencephalon, is mutated in X-linked mental retardation. Hum Mol Genet 2002; 11:981-91. [PMID: 11971879 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/11.8.981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigation of a critical region for an X-linked mental retardation (XLMR) locus led us to identify a novel Aristaless related homeobox gene (ARX ). Inherited and de novo ARX mutations, including missense mutations and in frame duplications/insertions leading to expansions of polyalanine tracts in ARX, were found in nine familial and one sporadic case of MR. In contrast to other genes involved in XLMR, ARX expression is specific to the telencephalon and ventral thalamus. Notably there is an absence of expression in the cerebellum throughout development and also in adult. The absence of detectable brain malformations in patients suggests that ARX may have an essential role, in mature neurons, required for the development of cognitive abilities.
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22
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Bordet T, Castelnau-Ptakhine L, Fauchereau F, Friocourt G, Kahn A, Haase G. Neuronal Targeting of Cardiotrophin-1 by Coupling with Tetanus Toxin C Fragment. Mol Cell Neurosci 2001; 17:842-54. [PMID: 11358482 DOI: 10.1006/mcne.2001.0979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a potent neurotrophic factor for motoneurons but its clinical use in motor neuron diseases is precluded by side effects on the heart and liver. We explored the possibility of targeting CT-1 to neurons by coupling with the tetanus toxin fragment TTC. Genetic fusion proteins between CT-1 or GFP and TTC were produced in Escherichia coli and assayed in vitro. In contrast to uncoupled CT-1 or GFP, TTC-coupled proteins bound with high affinity to cerebral neurons and spinal cord motoneurons and were rapidly internalized. Glia, hepatocytes, or cardiomyocytes did not show detectable binding or uptake of TTC-coupled proteins. Similar to CT-1, TTC-coupled CT-1 induced IL-6 secretion by KB cells, activated Reg-2 gene expression, and promoted motoneuron survival in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo studies will test whether TTC-coupled CT-1 might be targeted to degenerating spinal cord or brain-stem motoneurons and migrate trans-synaptically to cortical motoneurons, which are also affected in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bordet
- INSERM U.129, Institut Cochin de Génétique Moléculaire, 24, Rue du Faubourg St Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
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23
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Zemni R, Bienvenu T, Vinet MC, Sefiani A, Carrié A, Billuart P, McDonell N, Couvert P, Francis F, Chafey P, Fauchereau F, Friocourt G, des Portes V, Cardona A, Frints S, Meindl A, Brandau O, Ronce N, Moraine C, van Bokhoven H, Ropers HH, Sudbrak R, Kahn A, Fryns JP, Beldjord C, Chelly J. A new gene involved in X-linked mental retardation identified by analysis of an X;2 balanced translocation. Nat Genet 2000; 24:167-70. [PMID: 10655063 DOI: 10.1038/72829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
X-linked forms of mental retardation (MR) affect approximately 1 in 600 males and are likely to be highly heterogeneous. They can be categorized into syndromic (MRXS) and nonspecific (MRX) forms. In MRX forms, affected patients have no distinctive clinical or biochemical features. At least five MRX genes have been identified by positional cloning, but each accounts for only 0.5%-1.0% of MRX cases. Here we show that the gene TM4SF2 at Xp11.4 is inactivated by the X breakpoint of an X;2 balanced translocation in a patient with MR. Further investigation led to identification of TM4SF2 mutations in 2 of 33 other MRX families. RNA in situ hybridization showed that TM4SF2 is highly expressed in the central nervous system, including the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. TM4SF2 encodes a member of the tetraspanin family of proteins, which are known to contribute in molecular complexes including beta-1 integrins. We speculate that through this interaction, TM4SF2 might have a role in the control of neurite outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Zemni
- INSERM Unité 129 - ICGM, CHU Cochin, Paris, France
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Billuart P, Bienvenu T, Ronce N, des Portes V, Vinet MC, Zemni R, Roest Crollius H, Carrié A, Fauchereau F, Cherry M, Briault S, Hamel B, Fryns JP, Beldjord C, Kahn A, Moraine C, Chelly J. Oligophrenin-1 encodes a rhoGAP protein involved in X-linked mental retardation. Nature 1998; 392:923-6. [PMID: 9582072 DOI: 10.1038/31940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Primary or nonspecific X-linked mental retardation (MRX) is a heterogeneous condition in which affected patients do not have any distinctive clinical or biochemical features in common apart from cognitive impairment. Although it is present in approximately 0.15-0.3% of males, most of the genetic defects associated with MRX, which may involve more than ten different genes, remain unknown. Here we report the characterization of a new gene on the long arm of the X-chromosome (position Xq12) and the identification in unrelated individuals of different mutations that are predicted to cause a loss of function. This gene is highly expressed in fetal brain and encodes a protein of relative molecular mass 91K, named oligophrenin-1, which contains a domain typical of a Rho-GTPase-activating protein (rhoGAP). By enhancing their GTPase activity, GAP proteins inactivate small Rho and Ras proteins, so inactivation of rhoGAP proteins might cause constitutive activation of their GTPase targets. Such activation is known to affect cell migration and outgrowth of axons and dendrites in vivo. Our results demonstrate an association between cognitive impairment and a defect in a signalling pathway that depends on a Ras-like GTPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Billuart
- INSERM U129-ICGM, Faculté de Médecine Cochin, Paris, France
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