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Deffler RA, Xu J, Bittner AK, Bowers AR, Hassan SE, Ross N, Cooley SSL, Doubt A, Davidorf FH, Dougherty BE. Use and Perceptions of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems by Older Drivers With and Without Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:22. [PMID: 35311930 PMCID: PMC8944390 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.3.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) have been reported to improve the safety of elderly and normally sighted drivers. The purpose of this study was to assess exposure to, perceived safety of, comfort level with, and interest in using ADAS among drivers with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods Current drivers aged 60+ years were recruited at four US sites to complete a survey about ADAS and driving habits. Frequency of use and/or perceptions of eight ADAS were investigated. An avoidance score was generated using questions about difficult driving situations. Results The survey was completed by 166 participants (80 with AMD vs. 86 without). Participants with AMD had worse self-rated vision than those without (34% vs. 2% poor or fair rating), and drove fewer weekly miles (median [interquartile range [IQR] 30 [15 to 75] vs. 60 [30 to 121] miles, P = 0.002). Participants with AMD reported more avoidance of difficult driving situations (P < 0.001). There was no difference in the number of ADAS used by AMD status (median [IQR for AMD = 2.5 [1 to 5] vs. 3 [2 to 4] without, P = 0.87). Greater reported number of ADAS used was associated with less avoidance of difficult situations (P = 0.02). The majority perceived improved safety with most ADAS. Conclusions Many drivers with AMD utilize common ADAS, which subjectively improve their road safety and may help to reduce self-imposed restrictions for difficult situations and mileage. Translational Relevance Drivers with AMD are adopting readily available ADAS, for which they reported potential benefits, such as safety and less restrictive driving.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Xu
- Envision Research Institute, Wichita, KS, USA
| | - Ava K Bittner
- Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alex R Bowers
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shirin E Hassan
- School of Optometry, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Nicole Ross
- New England College of Optometry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - San-San L Cooley
- College of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Aprile Doubt
- College of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Frederick H Davidorf
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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Grosel TW, Karl M, Pilarski RT, Davidorf FH, Abdel-Rahman MH, Cebulla CM. Atypical choroidal nevus in a subject with a germline PALB2 pathogenic variant. Fam Cancer 2022; 21:1-5. [PMID: 33403473 PMCID: PMC8257753 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-020-00220-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that PALB2 variants may increase risk for the development of uveal melanoma and uveal melanocytic neoplasms. Here we report a case of an atypical choroidal nevus in a patient with a personal history of cancer and pathogenic PALB2 germline variant. A 75-year-old white female presented with an elevated predominantly amelanotic choroidal lesion OS. On examination and ophthalmic imaging, the mass measured 8.8 mm × 6.5 mm × 1.5 mm. The mass showed predominantly medium to high reflectivity on diagnostic A-scan and acoustic hollowing on B-scan. OCT over the lesion showed no subretinal fluid. The patient has a personal history of breast cancer and gastric adenoma and a strong family history of cancer. The patient was found to have a pathogenic truncating variant in PALB2 (rs118203998 c.3549C > A, p.Y1183*). Together with our previous findings of pathogenic PALB2 variants in uveal melanoma patients, this new finding of an atypical choroidal nevus in a patient with a pathogenic PALB2 germline variant suggests that pathogenic PALB2 variants may be a risk factor for uveal melanocytic neoplasms. This finding warrants further assessment of the prevalence and progression of uveal melanocytic neoplasms in PALB2 pathogenic variant carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy W Grosel
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Matthew Karl
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Robert T Pilarski
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Human Genetics and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Frederick H Davidorf
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mohamed H Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Human Genetics and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Colleen M Cebulla
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Road, Suite 5000, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA.
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Abdel-Rahman MH, Sample KM, Pilarski R, Walsh T, Grosel T, Kinnamon D, Boru G, Massengill JB, Schoenfield L, Kelly B, Gordon D, Johansson P, DeBenedictis MJ, Singh A, Casadei S, Davidorf FH, White P, Stacey AW, Scarth J, Fewings E, Tischkowitz M, King MC, Hayward NK, Cebulla CM. Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies Candidate Genes Associated with Hereditary Predisposition to Uveal Melanoma. Ophthalmology 2019; 127:668-678. [PMID: 32081490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify susceptibility genes associated with hereditary predisposition to uveal melanoma (UM) in patients with no detectable germline BAP1 alterations. DESIGN Retrospective case series from academic referral centers. PARTICIPANTS Cohort of 154 UM patients with high risk of hereditary cancer defined as patients with 1 or more of the following: (1) familial UM, (2) young age (<35 years) at diagnosis, (3) personal history of other primary cancers, and (4) family history of 2 or more primary cancers with no detectable mutation or deletion in BAP1 gene. METHODS Whole exome sequencing, a cancer gene panel, or both were carried out. Probands included 27 patients with familial UM, 1 patient with bilateral UM, 1 patient with congenital UM, and 125 UM patients with strong personal or family histories, or both, of cancer. Functional validation of variants was carried out by immunohistochemistry, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and genotyping. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical characterization of UM patients with germline alterations in known cancer genes. RESULTS We identified actionable pathogenic variants in 8 known hereditary cancer predisposition genes (PALB2, MLH1, MSH6, CHEK2, SMARCE1, ATM, BRCA1, and CTNNA1) in 9 patients, including 3 of 27 patients (11%) with familial UM and 6 of 127 patients (4.7%) with a high risk for cancer. Two patients showed pathogenic variants in CHEK2 and PALB2, whereas variants in the other genes each occurred in 1 patient. Biallelic inactivation of PALB2 and MLH1 was observed in tumors from the respective patients. The frequencies of pathogenic variants in PALB2, MLH1, and SMARCE1 in UM patients were significantly higher than the observed frequencies in noncancer controls (PALB2: P = 0.02; odds ratio, 8.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-30.6; MLH1: P = 0.04; odds ratio, 25.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-143; SMARCE1: P = 0.001; odds ratio, 2047; 95% confidence interval, 52-4.5e15, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The study provided moderate evidence of gene and disease association of germline mutations in PALB2 and MLH1 with hereditary predisposition to UM. It also identified several other candidate susceptibility genes. The results suggest locus heterogeneity in predisposition to UM. Genetic testing for hereditary predisposition to cancer is warranted in UM patients with strong personal or family history of cancers, or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Klarke M Sample
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Robert Pilarski
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Tomas Walsh
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Timothy Grosel
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Daniel Kinnamon
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Getachew Boru
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - James B Massengill
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lynn Schoenfield
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ben Kelly
- The Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - David Gordon
- The Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Peter Johansson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Meghan J DeBenedictis
- Department of Ophthalmic Oncology, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Arun Singh
- Department of Ophthalmic Oncology, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Silvia Casadei
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Frederick H Davidorf
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Peter White
- The Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Andrew W Stacey
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - James Scarth
- Academic Laboratory of Medical Genetics and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ellie Fewings
- Academic Laboratory of Medical Genetics and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Academic Laboratory of Medical Genetics and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mary-Claire King
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Colleen M Cebulla
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Boru G, Grosel TW, Pilarski R, Stautberg M, Massengill JB, Jeter J, Singh A, Marino MJ, McElroy JP, Davidorf FH, Cebulla CM, Abdel-Rahman MH. Germline large deletion of BAP1 and decreased expression in non-tumor choroid in uveal melanoma patients with high risk for inherited cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2019; 58:650-656. [PMID: 30883995 PMCID: PMC6612571 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common phenotype in patients with germline BAP1 mutation. This study aimed to identify selection criteria for BAP1 germline testing and assessed the role of large deletion/duplication and epigenetic inactivation. One hundred seventy-two UM patients with high risk of hereditary cancer were included. Germline variants in BAP1 were assessed by direct sequencing and large deletion/duplication by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. BAP1 expression in unaffected choroid tissue from a patient with UM was assessed by quantitative RT-PCR and methylation by pyrosequencing. Twenty-eight patients had one or more germline sequence variants in BAP1; seven of these were pathogenic. One hundred forty patients were assessed for large deletion/duplication and in one BAP1 whole gene deletion was detected. In total, eight patients (4.7%) had pathogenic alterations in BAP1 with the highest frequencies of in patients with a personal/family history of ≥2 BAP1-related cancers 6/16 (38%), age of onset <35 years 4/21 (19%) and familial UM 6/34 (18%). One of 19 non-tumor choroid tissues tested showed uncharacteristically low expression as compared to the controls decrease in BAP1 RNA expression but no evidence of constitutional promotor hypermethylation was detected. UM patients with a strong personal or family history of cancers associated with BAP1, early age of onset and familial UM should be assessed for germline variants in BAP1, including large deletions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getachew Boru
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
| | - Timothy W. Grosel
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
| | - Robert Pilarski
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
| | - Meredith Stautberg
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
| | - James B. Massengill
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joanne Jeter
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Arun Singh
- Cole Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmic Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Meghan J. Marino
- Cole Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmic Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Joseph P. McElroy
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Frederick H. Davidorf
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
| | - Colleen M. Cebulla
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mohamed H. Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
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5
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Boru G, Cebulla CM, Sample KM, Massengill JB, Davidorf FH, Abdel-Rahman MH. Heterogeneity in Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Pathway Activation in Uveal Melanoma With Somatic GNAQ and GNA11 Mutations. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:2474-2480. [PMID: 31173078 PMCID: PMC6557618 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-26452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway has been suggested as the major downstream target when GNAQ and GNA11 (GNAQ/11) are mutated in uveal melanoma (UM). However, clinical trials with single agent MEK inhibitor showed no clinical significance in altering the overall outcome of the disease in UM; therefore, we investigated the correlation between naturally occurring mutations in GNAQ/11 and activation of MAPK pathway in vivo in primary UM. Methods Screening for activating mutations in codons 183 and 209 of GNAQ/11 was carried out by sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in a cohort of 42 primary UM. Activation of the MAPK pathway and other potential downstream signals was assessed by immunohistochemistry and/or Western blot analysis. Potential downstream signaling of mutant and wild type GNAQ/11 was studied by transient transfection assay in nonmutant cell lines. Results Somatic mutations in GNAQ/11 were observed in 35/42 (83.3%) of primary UM. Tumors with GNAQ/11 mutations showed variations in the activation of ERK1/2 with significant tumor heterogeneity. Weak and undetectable ERK1/2 activation was observed in 4/35 (11.4%) and 8/35 (22.9%) of the GNAQ/11 mutant UM, respectively. Tumor heterogeneity of GNAQ/11 mutations was also observed in a subset of tumors. Conclusions Our results indicate that there is marked variation in MAPK activation in UM with GNAQ/11 mutations. Thus, GNAQ/11 mutational status is not a sufficient biomarker to adequately predict UM patient responses to single-agent selective MEK inhibitor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getachew Boru
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, Unites States
| | - Colleen M. Cebulla
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, Unites States
| | - Klarke M. Sample
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, Unites States
| | - James B. Massengill
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, Unites States
| | - Frederick H. Davidorf
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, Unites States
| | - Mohamed H. Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, Unites States
,Division of Human Genetics, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
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Cebulla CM, Stevenson W, Van Law H, Heisler-Taylor T, Hamadmad S, Shah MH, Kim B, Davidorf FH, Ohr M, Wells M, Yanoga F, Chang S, Terrell W, Miller DM, Klisovic D, Allen JB, Shah N, Geraymovych E, Tarabishy AB, Kondapalli SS, Brewington BY, Inman A, Williams D, Kusibati R, Mathias J, Vedat Y, Fernandez S, Wisely CE, Pilarski R, Abdel-Rahman MH. MIF promoter polymorphisms are associated with epiretinal membrane but not retinal detachment with PVR in an american population. Exp Eye Res 2019; 185:107667. [PMID: 31108057 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M Cebulla
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA.
| | - William Stevenson
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Heather Van Law
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA; The Ohio State University College of Optometry, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tyler Heisler-Taylor
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Sumaya Hamadmad
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Mohd Hussain Shah
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Bongsu Kim
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Frederick H Davidorf
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Matthew Ohr
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Michael Wells
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Fatoumata Yanoga
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Susie Chang
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Straub Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - William Terrell
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA; Mary Lanning Health Care, Hastings, NE, USA
| | | | | | - John B Allen
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Niraj Shah
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Elena Geraymovych
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Ahmad B Tarabishy
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Srinivas S Kondapalli
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Beatrice Y Brewington
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Andrea Inman
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Demarcus Williams
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Rania Kusibati
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Jay Mathias
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Yildiz Vedat
- The Ohio State University Biomedical Informatics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - C Ellis Wisely
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Robert Pilarski
- Division Human Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mohamed H Abdel-Rahman
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA; Division Human Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Kunkler AL, Binkley EM, Mantopoulos D, Hendershot AJ, Ohr MP, Kendra KL, Davidorf FH, Cebulla CM. Known and novel ocular toxicities of biologics, targeted agents, and traditional chemotherapeutics. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019; 257:1771-1781. [PMID: 31098752 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-019-04337-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Increases in cancer with an aging population and the rapid development of new chemotherapeutics underscore the need for ophthalmologists to identify and manage potential ocular toxicities. This retrospective case series reports the ocular side effects of traditional and novel chemotherapeutic agents from a large center. METHODS The medical records of 3537 adult patients 18 years and older who presented to an academic ophthalmology department on high-risk medications identified by ICD-9 search between January 2010 and February 2015 were reviewed. A cancer diagnosis, as well as a temporal association with chemotherapeutic use and ocular side effect, was deemed necessary for inclusion in the study. The main measures were ocular side effects in cancer patients taking chemotherapy, ocular imaging abnormalities, and the outcome of each side effect. RESULTS Of the 161 oncology patients referred to the ophthalmology clinic for chemotherapeutic screening or ocular side effect, 31 (19.3%) were identified as having an ocular adverse reaction due to a novel or traditional chemotherapeutic medication. A novel flattening of the corneal curvature with hyperopic shift and corneal microcysts was identified in a patient taking the antibody-drug conjugate mirvetuximab soravtansine and was reversible with topical steroids. A bilateral medium-vessel choroidal vasculopathy with serous retinal detachment was seen with ipilimumab. The most frequent medication with ocular toxicity was interferon-α(2b) (IFN-α(2b)) (6/31, 19.4%); headache was typical in these patients (83.3%). Ibrutinib ocular toxicity was second most common (5/31, 16.1%), usually causing red or dry eye, while one patient developed branch retinal artery occlusion. Retinal abnormalities documented on OCT imaging occurred with IFN-α(2b), ipilimumab, binimetinib, and docetaxel, while rod-cone ERG abnormality was seen with cisplatin. Inflammatory conditions included anterior scleritis with zoledronic acid, focal eyelid inflammation with veliparib, bilateral chemosis with R-CHOP, iritis, and blepharospasm with IFN-α(2b). AION occurred with pemetrexed, and transient vision loss with hyperemic disc OS was seen with FOLFOX. Two patients (2/31, 6.5%) developed permanent vision loss. Six patients were lost to follow-up, and the clinical course was unknown (6/31, 19.4%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Cases of permanent visual loss were observed; yet, in the majority of side effects, they improved with topical therapy and/or holding the medication. Further research is needed to elucidate the incidence and the pathophysiology of these side effects and maximize patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne L Kunkler
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Rd, Ste 5000, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Elaine M Binkley
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Rd, Ste 5000, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Dimosthenis Mantopoulos
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Rd, Ste 5000, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Andrew J Hendershot
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Rd, Ste 5000, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Matthew P Ohr
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Rd, Ste 5000, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Kari L Kendra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Frederick H Davidorf
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Rd, Ste 5000, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Colleen M Cebulla
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Rd, Ste 5000, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA.
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Walpole S, Pritchard AL, Cebulla CM, Pilarski R, Stautberg M, Davidorf FH, de la Fouchardière A, Cabaret O, Golmard L, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Garfield E, Njauw CN, Cheung M, Turunen JA, Repo P, Järvinen RS, van Doorn R, Jager MJ, Luyten GPM, Marinkovic M, Chau C, Potrony M, Höiom V, Helgadottir H, Pastorino L, Bruno W, Andreotti V, Dalmasso B, Ciccarese G, Queirolo P, Mastracci L, Wadt K, Kiilgaard JF, Speicher MR, van Poppelen N, Kilic E, Al-Jamal RT, Dianzani I, Betti M, Bergmann C, Santagata S, Dahiya S, Taibjee S, Burke J, Poplawski N, O’Shea SJ, Newton-Bishop J, Adlard J, Adams DJ, Lane AM, Kim I, Klebe S, Racher H, Harbour JW, Nickerson ML, Murali R, Palmer JM, Howlie M, Symmons J, Hamilton H, Warrier S, Glasson W, Johansson P, Robles-Espinoza CD, Ossio R, de Klein A, Puig S, Ghiorzo P, Nielsen M, Kivelä TT, Tsao H, Testa JR, Gerami P, Stern MH, Paillerets BBD, Abdel-Rahman MH, Hayward NK. Comprehensive Study of the Clinical Phenotype of Germline BAP1 Variant-Carrying Families Worldwide. J Natl Cancer Inst 2018; 110:1328-1341. [PMID: 30517737 PMCID: PMC6292796 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djy171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The BRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1) tumor predisposition syndrome (BAP1-TPDS) is a hereditary tumor syndrome caused by germline pathogenic variants in BAP1 encoding a tumor suppressor associated with uveal melanoma, mesothelioma, cutaneous melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and cutaneous BAP1-inactivated melanocytic tumors. However, the full spectrum of tumors associated with the syndrome is yet to be determined. Improved understanding of the BAP1-TPDS is crucial for appropriate clinical management of BAP1 germline variant carriers and their families, including genetic counseling and surveillance for new tumors. Methods We collated germline variant status, tumor diagnoses, and information on BAP1 immunohistochemistry or loss of somatic heterozygosity on 106 published and 75 unpublished BAP1 germline variant-positive families worldwide to better characterize the genotypes and phenotypes associated with the BAP1-TPDS. Tumor spectrum and ages of onset were compared between missense and null variants. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results The 181 families carried 140 unique BAP1 germline variants. The collated data confirmed the core tumor spectrum associated with the BAP1-TPDS and showed that some families carrying missense variants can exhibit this phenotype. A variety of noncore BAP1-TPDS -associated tumors were found in families of variant carriers. Median ages of onset of core tumor types were lower in null than missense variant carriers for all tumors combined (P < .001), mesothelioma (P < .001), cutaneous melanoma (P < .001), and nonmelanoma skin cancer (P < .001). Conclusions This analysis substantially increases the number of pathogenic BAP1 germline variants and refines the phenotype. It highlights the need for a curated registry of germline variant carriers for proper assessment of the clinical phenotype of the BAP1-TPDS and pathogenicity of new variants, thus guiding management of patients and informing areas requiring further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Walpole
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Antonia L Pritchard
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- The University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness, UK
| | - Colleen M Cebulla
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Robert Pilarski
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Meredith Stautberg
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Frederick H Davidorf
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Odile Cabaret
- Département de Biopathologie, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Lisa Golmard
- Département De Biologie Des Tumeurs, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Département De Biologie Des Tumeurs, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U830, DNA Repair and Uveal Melanoma (D.R.U.M.), Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, University Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Erin Garfield
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Ching-Ni Njauw
- Department of Dermatology, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Mitchell Cheung
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Joni A Turunen
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pauliina Repo
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reetta-Stiina Järvinen
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | - Cindy Chau
- Department of Ophthalmology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam Potrony
- Dermatology Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Veronica Höiom
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hildur Helgadottir
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenza Pastorino
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties and Genetics of Rare Cancers, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - William Bruno
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties and Genetics of Rare Cancers, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Virginia Andreotti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties and Genetics of Rare Cancers, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Bruna Dalmasso
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties and Genetics of Rare Cancers, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giulia Ciccarese
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties and Genetics of Rare Cancers, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Queirolo
- Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, Pathology Unit, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Karin Wadt
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Folke Kiilgaard
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael R Speicher
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Natasha van Poppelen
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Emine Kilic
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rana’a T Al-Jamal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Oncology Service, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Irma Dianzani
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Marta Betti
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Carsten Bergmann
- Bioscientia Center for Human Genetics, Ingelheim, Germany
- Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sonika Dahiya
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Saleem Taibjee
- Department of Dermatology, Dorset County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Dorchester, UK
| | - Jo Burke
- Tasmanian Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Hobart Hospital, TAS, Australia
| | - Nicola Poplawski
- Adult Genetics Unit, Medicine Directorate, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- University Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sally J O’Shea
- Dermatology Department, Mater Private Hospital Cork, Citygate, Mahon, Cork, Ireland
| | - Julia Newton-Bishop
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Julian Adlard
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - David J Adams
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anne-Marie Lane
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Melanoma Center and Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ivana Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Melanoma Center and Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sonja Klebe
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University and SA Pathology at Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - J William Harbour
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Michael L Nickerson
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Rajmohan Murali
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jane M Palmer
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Madeleine Howlie
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Judith Symmons
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hayley Hamilton
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sunil Warrier
- Queensland Ocular Oncology Service, The Terrace Eye Centre, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - William Glasson
- Queensland Ocular Oncology Service, The Terrace Eye Centre, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter Johansson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Carla Daniela Robles-Espinoza
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Raul Ossio
- Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Annelies de Klein
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susana Puig
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paola Ghiorzo
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Maartje Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tero T Kivelä
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hensin Tsao
- Department of Dermatology, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA
| | - Joseph R Testa
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Pedram Gerami
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties and Genetics of Rare Cancers, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- The Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Marc-Henri Stern
- Département De Biologie Des Tumeurs, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U830, DNA Repair and Uveal Melanoma (D.R.U.M.), Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Bressac-de Paillerets
- Département de Biopathologie, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Mohamed H Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Pathology, Menoufiya University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
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Massengill JB, Sample KM, Pilarski R, McElroy J, Davidorf FH, Cebulla CM, Abdel-Rahman MH. Analysis of the exome aggregation consortium (ExAC) database suggests that the BAP1-tumor predisposition syndrome is underreported in cancer patients. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2018; 57:478-481. [PMID: 29761599 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The BAP1-tumor predisposition syndrome (BAP1-TPDS) has been recently identified to predispose patients to a variety of cancers and preneoplastic lesions. About 130 unrelated probands have been identified worldwide; however, the impact of the syndrome is suspected to be much larger given the diversity of the cancer phenotype. To evaluate the frequency of germline BAP1 mutations in the general and cancer populations, we analyzed the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC), a database that contains 53105 exomes of unrelated individuals unaffected by cancer (general population) and exomes of 7601 unrelated individuals affected by cancer provided by the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, cancer subjects). BAP1 null variants were seen at much higher frequency in the cancer subjects (0.0526%) compared to the general population (0.00188%) with a relative risk of 27.93 and (P = 0.0011, [95% CI: 3.122-249.883], Fisher's exact test). We also studied a reported BAP1 null variant, c.1203T > G, p.T401* (rs200156887), observed commonly in the general population. Sequencing and restriction fragment polymorphism of the RT-4 cell line that contains this variant revealed that it is in fact a 3bp deletion/insertion, c.1201_1203delinsGAG, a likely benign missense alteration p.Y401E explaining the relative high frequency of this variant in the general population. In conclusion, germline null mutations in BAP1 have a significantly higher frequency in cancer patients than the general population. Given the low frequency of reported families with BAP1-TPDS, our results suggest that the syndrome is underreported especially in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Klarke M Sample
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Robert Pilarski
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joseph McElroy
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Colleen M Cebulla
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mohamed H Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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10
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Martinez CE, Allen JB, Davidorf FH, Cebulla CM. Endogenous endophthalmitis and osteomyelitis associated with interleukin 17 inhibitor treatment for psoriasis in a patient with diabetes. BMJ Case Rep 2017; 2017:bcr-2017-219296. [PMID: 28667056 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-219296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A 64-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus and plaque psoriasis presented to the emergency room with 3 days of progressive right eye pain and decreased vision. After extensive workup and multidisciplinary team effort, the patient was diagnosed with and treated for unilateral endogenous methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis, bacteraemia and osteomyelitis of the foot. The patient had been started on the interleukin 17 (IL-17) inhibitor secukinumab for his treatment-resistant plaque psoriasis 4 weeks prior to presentation. After treatment, his final vision was light perception and the foot infection resolved without sequelae. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of both endogenous endophthalmitis and osteomyelitis associated with an IL-17 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine E Martinez
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - John B Allen
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Frederick H Davidorf
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Colleen M Cebulla
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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11
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Rai K, Pilarski R, Boru G, Rehman M, Saqr AH, Massengill JB, Singh A, Marino MJ, Davidorf FH, Cebulla CM, H Abdel-Rahman M. Germline BAP1 alterations in familial uveal melanoma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2016; 56:168-174. [PMID: 27718540 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most commonly diagnosed primary intraocular tumor in adults. Familial UM (FUM), defined as two or more family members diagnosed with UM, is rare and estimated at less than 1% of all UM. Currently, BAP1 is the only gene known to contribute significant risk for UM. In this study we aimed to estimate the frequency of BAP1 mutation in FUM and to characterize the family and personal histories of other cancers in these families. We identified 32 families with FUM, including seven families previously reported by our group. BAP1 mutation testing was carried out by direct sequencing of the coding exons and the adjacent untranslated regions of the gene. Germline deletion and duplication analysis of BAP1 was assessed by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Germline BAP1 mutations were found in 6/32 (19%) families. No deletions or duplications were identified in any of the 24 samples tested by MLPA. Combined with published studies, the frequency of BAP1 mutations was 14/64 (22%) in FUM. FUM families without BAP1 mutations have distinct family histories with high rates of prostate cancer in first- and second-degree relatives. It is likely that additional genes conferring risk for FUM exist. It is important to understand key shared features of FUM to focus future research on identifying these additional tumor predisposition syndromes. Though BAP1 should be tested first in these families, FUM families without BAP1 mutation should be explored for additional predisposition genes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Rai
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Robert Pilarski
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Getachew Boru
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Muneeb Rehman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ahmad H Saqr
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - James B Massengill
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Arun Singh
- Cole Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmic Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Meghan J Marino
- Cole Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmic Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Frederick H Davidorf
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Colleen M Cebulla
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mohamed H Abdel-Rahman
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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12
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Kirchhoff T, Ucisik-Akkaya E, Vogelsang M, Rai K, Pilarski R, Martinez CN, Ferguson R, Kazlow E, Osman I, Davidorf FH, Cebulla CM, Abdel-Rahman M. The identification of novel genetic risk loci in uveal melanoma. J Clin Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.34.15_suppl.1543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Karan Rai
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Robert Pilarski
- Division of Human Genetics and The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | | | | | - Esther Kazlow
- New York University-School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Iman Osman
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
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13
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Pilarski R, Cebulla CM, Massengill JB, Rai K, Rich T, Strong L, McGillivray B, Asrat MJ, Davidorf FH, Abdel-Rahman MH. Expanding the clinical phenotype of hereditary BAP1 cancer predisposition syndrome, reporting three new cases. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2013; 53:177-82. [PMID: 24243779 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical phenotype of BAP1 hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome (MIM 614327) includes uveal melanoma (UM), cutaneous melanoma (CM), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and mesothelioma. However, the frequency of the syndrome in patients with UM and the association with other cancers are still not clear. In this study, we screened 46 previously untested, unrelated UM patients with high risk for hereditary cancer for germline mutation in BAP1. We also studied four additional patients with a personal or family history suggestive of BAP1 hereditary cancer syndrome. We identified three patients with germline pathogenic mutations (c.2050 C>T, pGln684*; c.1182C>G, p.Tyr394*, and c.1882_1885delTCAC, p. Ser628Profs*8) in BAP1. Two of these three patients presented with UM and the third with a metastatic adenocarcinoma likely from a hepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Reported family histories included UM, mesothelioma, RCC, CM, and several other internal malignancies. The results of this study confirm the association between germline BAP1 mutation and predisposition to UM, mesothelioma, CM and RCC. However, other cancers, such as cholangiocarcinoma and breast carcinoma may be part of the phenotype of this hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome. In addition, the results support the existence of other candidate genes in addition to BAP1 contributing to hereditary predisposition to UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Pilarski
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Abstract
The paper describes the first reported case of multifocal choroiditis following simultaneous hepatitis-A, typhoid, and yellow fever vaccinations. A 33-year-old male developed sudden onset of flashing lights and floaters in his right eye 3 weeks following hepatitis A, typhoid, and yellow fever vaccinations. Fundus examination and angiography confirmed the presence of multiple peripheral chorioretinal lesions. These lesions demonstrated characteristic morphologic changes over a period of 8 weeks which were consistent with a diagnosis of self-resolving multifocal choroiditis. Vaccine-induced intraocular inflammation has been described infrequently. We demonstrate the first case of self-resolving multifocal choroiditis following simultaneous administration of hepatitis A, yellow fever, and typhoid immunizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Escott
- Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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16
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Abstract
Purpose To describe the histopathologic findings of an eye bank specimen containing an optic nerve pit with associated serous elevation of the macula and cavernous atrophy of the optic nerve. Methods An eye bank specimen found to have an optic nerve pit with serous elevation of the macula was grossly examined and photographed. The globe was processed for both light and scanning electron microscopy. Results The scanning electron microscopic study of this eye with an optic nerve pit revealed holes in the diaphanous membrane overlying the nerve at the edge of the optic pit. Serial histopathology sections revealed a connection between the holes overlying the optic pit and the subretinal space via a schisis-like cavity in the retina. Conclusion The discovery of an optic nerve pit with coexisting serous detachment of the macula in an eye bank eye and subsequent pathological evaluation provides support for current theories into the mechanism of the visual loss in this condition. Our finding supports syneretic vitreous to be the source of the subretinal fluid.
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Abdel-Rahman MH, Cebulla CM, Verma V, Christopher BN, Carson WE, Olencki T, Davidorf FH. Monosomy 3 status of uveal melanoma metastases is associated with rapidly progressive tumors and short survival. Exp Eye Res 2012; 100:26-31. [PMID: 22569040 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the molecular genetics of uveal melanoma (UM) metastases and correlate it with disease progression. Twelve pathologically confirmed UM metastases from 11 patients were included. Molecular genetic alterations in chromosomes 3 (including the BAP1 region), 8q, 6p, and 1p were investigated by microsatellite genotyping. Mutations in codon 209 of GNAQ and GNA11 genes were studied by restriction-fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). We identified monosomy of chromosome 3 in tumors from four patients with an average survival of 5 months (range 1-8 months) from time of diagnosis of metastatic disease. In contrast, tumors with either disomy or partial chromosome 3 alterations showed significantly slower metastatic disease progression with an average survival of 69 months (range 40-123 months, p = 0.003). Alterations in chromosomal arms 1p, 6p, and 8q and mutations in either GNAQ or GNA11 showed no association with disease progression. Prominent mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate was observed in tumors from patients with slowly progressive disease. In conclusion, in UM metastases, monosomy 3 is associated with highly aggressive, rapidly progressive disease while disomy or partial change of 3 and prominent mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate in the tumor is associated with better prognosis. These findings should be considered when designing clinical trials testing effectiveness of various therapies of metastatic UM.
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Buzzacco DM, Lubow M, Davidorf FH, Cebulla CM. Atypical cat scratch disease with vitritis, serous macular detachment, neuroretinitis, and retrobulbar optic neuritis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2012; 251:1001-2. [PMID: 22366917 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-012-1967-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Salem MM, Davidorf FH, Abdel-Rahman MH. In vitro anti-uveal melanoma activity of phenolic compounds from the Egyptian medicinal plant Acacia nilotica. Fitoterapia 2011; 82:1279-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abdel-Rahman MH, Pilarski R, Cebulla CM, Massengill JB, Christopher BN, Boru G, Hovland P, Davidorf FH. Germline BAP1 mutation predisposes to uveal melanoma, lung adenocarcinoma, meningioma, and other cancers. J Med Genet 2011; 48:856-9. [PMID: 21941004 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2011-100156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential contribution of germline sequence alterations in the BAP1 gene in uveal melanoma (UM) patients with possible predisposition to hereditary cancer. DESIGN A total of 53 unrelated UM patients with high risk for hereditary cancer and five additional family members of one proband were studied. Mutational screening was carried out by direct sequencing. RESULTS Of the 53 UM patients studied, a single patient was identified with a germline BAP1 truncating mutation, c. 799 C→T (p.Q267X), which segregated in several family members and was associated with UM and other cancers. Biallelic inactivation of BAP1 and decreased BAP1 expression were identified in the UM, lung adenocarcinoma and meningioma tumours from three family members with this germline BAP1 mutation. Germline BAP1 variants of uncertain significance, likely non-pathogenic, were also identified in two additional UM patients. CONCLUSION This study reports a novel hereditary cancer syndrome caused by a germline BAP1 mutation that predisposes patients to UM, lung carcinoma, meningioma, and possibly other cancers. The results indicate that BAP1 is the candidate gene in only a small subset of hereditary UM, suggesting the contribution of other candidate genes.
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Christopher BN, Cebulla CM, Wakely PE, Davidorf FH, Abdel-Rahman MH. Molecular genetic testing of uveal melanoma from routinely processed and stained cytology specimens. Exp Eye Res 2011; 93:720-5. [PMID: 21945171 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the following study we investigated the utility of molecular genetic testing of the DNA extracted from routinely stained and processed smears from uveal melanoma (UM). Smears from five uveal melanoma cell lines and 12 primary tumors were prepared and stained with Papanicolaou and Romanowsky stains. Genotyping was carried out utilizing 14 microsatellite markers on chromosomes 3, 6 and 8. Mutational screening for alterations in GNAQ and GNA11 genes was carried out by restriction fragment length polymorphism. The results were compared to those obtained through direct sequencing of frozen tumor tissues. High quality DNA was extracted from the stained slides with no difference in the efficiency of DNA extraction between the two staining techniques. The extracted DNA was of adequate quality for genotyping and mutational screening. DNA extracted from approximately 200 tumor cells is sufficient for reproducible testing of allelic imbalances and for studying the common somatic mutations in GNAQ and GNA11 genes. In conclusion, we presented the feasibility of utilizing routinely stained cytology smears from UM for molecular genetic testing. The DNA obtained is of sufficient quality to carry out genotyping for markers on chromosome 3, 6 and 8, as well as screening for somatic mutations in GNAQ and GNA11 genes.
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MESH Headings
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8/genetics
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- DNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- DNA, Neoplasm/isolation & purification
- Feasibility Studies
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits/genetics
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11
- Genotype
- Genotyping Techniques
- Histocytological Preparation Techniques
- Humans
- Melanoma/genetics
- Melanoma/pathology
- Microsatellite Repeats/genetics
- Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
- Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Uveal Neoplasms/genetics
- Uveal Neoplasms/pathology
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Abdel-Rahman MH, Pilarski R, Massengill JB, Christopher BB, Davidorf FH. Lack of GNAQ germline mutations in uveal melanoma patients with high risk for hereditary cancer predisposition. Fam Cancer 2010; 10:319-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s10689-010-9401-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abdel-Rahman MH, Yang Y, Salem MM, Meadows S, Massengill JB, Li PK, Davidorf FH. Investigation of the potential utility of a linomide analogue for treatment of choroidal neovascularization. Exp Eye Res 2010; 91:837-43. [PMID: 21055400 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2010.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2010] [Revised: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the selectivity, in-vivo effectiveness, and potential mechanism of action of a linomide analogue (N-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-4-hydroxyl-2-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxamide, Lin05) for inhibition of choroidal neovascularization. The selectivity of Lin05 was tested in cell proliferation assays with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and a retinal pigmented epithelial cell line(ARPE-19). In-vivo anti-angiogenic effect of Lin05 was investigated utilizing an experimental laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (ECNV) model in adult Brown Norway rats. Western blot and/or reverse transcriptase-PCR was used to test the effect of Lin05 on potential targets. Our results indicate that Lin05 is at least an 8-fold more selective inhibitor of endothelial cell proliferation compared to RPE cells. Systemic administration of Lin05 in an ECNV model was associated with a significant decrease in both vascular leakage on fluorescein angiography and lesion size by histopathology (p = 0.02). No systemic toxicity was detected for Lin05 in major organs such as the liver, lung and kidneys. Lin05 did not inhibit VEGF-induced VEGFR2 (KDR) phosphorylation in HUVEC nor was associated with decreased VEGF gene expression. Also it did not inhibit insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) induced activation of p42/p44 MAPK activation. It inhibited both PDGF- and bFGF-induced p42/p44 MAPK phosphorylation. However, the effect on PDGF was variable in different HUVEC cells. In conclusion, Lin05 is a potential anti-angiogenic agent for the treatment of eye diseases associated with pathological neovascularization. The anti-angiogenic effect of Lin05 is likely through inhibition of bFGF but not through inhibition of the VEGF/KDR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Abdel-Rahman MH, Boru G, Massengill J, Salem MM, Davidorf FH. MET oncogene inhibition as a potential target of therapy for uveal melanomas. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2010; 51:3333-9. [PMID: 20164465 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.09-4801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE. The purposes of this study were to investigate the frequency of MET activation in uveal melanomas (UMs), to study the potential molecular mechanism for its activation, and to assess the utility of MET inhibition as a potential therapy for UM. METHODS. The frequency of MET activation in UMs was studied by using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis in 46 primary UMs and six UM cell lines. Sequencing was used for detection of activating mutations in the MET gene, and the effect of selective MET inhibition was assessed by cell proliferation and migration assays. RESULTS. The results showed that the majority (82.5%) of the 46 UMs expressed activated MET protein. Three of the UM cell lines, C918, 92.1, and MEL202, showed strong MET and pMET expression, whereas the other three showed weaker expression. Sequence analysis identified no activating mutations in MET in any of the 22 tumors or in the six UM cell lines. Selective MET blocking showed inhibition of tumor cell proliferation at an IC(50) ranging from 2.5 to 5.2 microM. A significant inhibition of UM cell migration was also observed starting at 1.25 microM. CONCLUSIONS. The results indicate that MET is activated in a significant number of UMs and also that MET activation in UMs is most likely through indirect gene activation rather than copy number alteration or mutation involving the MET gene. MET inhibition could be a target of therapy for UM.
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Abdel-Rahman MH, Pilarski R, Ezzat S, Sexton J, Davidorf FH. Cancer family history characterization in an unselected cohort of 121 patients with uveal melanoma. Fam Cancer 2010; 9:431-8. [PMID: 20157784 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-010-9328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M H Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Abdel-Rahman MH, Boru G, Massengill JB, Davidorf FH. Abstract C162: MET oncogen inhibition as a potentitial target for therapy of uveal melanoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.targ-09-c162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: Uveal melanomas (UM), including choroidal, iris and ciliary body melanomas, are the most common intraocular malignancy in adult. The tumor spreads through a hematogenous route mostly to the liver in about 50% of the patients. Once metastatic, UMs are highly fatal and currently there is no available therapy for these tumors. Identifying novel therapy is crucial to improve the survival of these patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the utility of MET inhibition as a potential therapy for UM.
Methods: The frequency of MET activation (phospho-MET expression) in UM was studied using immunohistochemistry in 46 tumors. The half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of selective MET inhibitor SU11274 was assessed on the five UM cell lines using cell proliferation assay. Inhibition of MET activation in UM cells treated with the SU11274 was confirmed using Western blot analysis. Effect of MET inhibition on cell migration was also studied.
Results: Our results showed that the majority (82.5%) of the 46 UM studied showed strong to moderate expression of phospho-MET. Selective MET blocking showed inhibition of tumor cell proliferation at an IC50 ranging from 2∼ 10 µM. In addition significant inhibition UM cell line migration was observed.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that MET is activated in a significant number of uveal melanomas. Our results also indicate the potential utility of MET inhibition as a target for therapy of UM.
Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):C162.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick H Davidorf
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Aaberg TM, Abdel-Rahman MH, Abrams GW, Agarwal A, Ai E, Albert DM, Alexander J, Anand R, Anastassiou G, Aylward GW, Barazi MK, Bingaman D, Bird AC, Blodi BA, Blumenkranz MS, Bolling JP, Bornfeld N, Bressler SB, Bressler NM, Brinton DA, Brown J, Brown GC, Brown JC, Buettner H, de Bustros S, Byrne SF, Cahill MT, Campochiaro PA, Carr RE, Chang S, Charles S, Chen J, Chen CA, Chew EY, Chorich LJ, Chow DR, Ciardella AP, Ciulla TA, Coscas GJ, Cruess AF, da Cruz L, Damato BE, Davidorf FH, Davis MD, Davis JL, Deutman AF, Dhaliwal RS, Do DV, Dugel PU, Earle JD, Edwards AO, Eliott D, Emerson GG, Fekrat S, Feldon SE, Ferris FL, Fine SL, Finkelstein D, Fisher SK, Flannery J, Folk JC, Foulds WS, Frank RN, Freeman WR, Friedlander M, Frishman LJ, Fu AD, Fujii GY, Gallemore RP, Garibaldi DC, Garcia-Valenzuela E, Gass JDM, Gautier S, Geller S, Goldberg MF, Gonzales CR, Gottlieb JL, Gragoudas ES, Green RL, Green WR, Gregor ZJ, Gregory-Evans K, Gross NE, Gullapalli VK, Guyer DR, Guymer R, Haller JA, Harbour JW, Harlan JB, Harris A, Hartnett ME, Hartzer MK, Hawkins BS, Heimann H, Hinton DR, Hinz BJ, Hoffmann S, Holekamp NM, Holland GN, Hoyng CB, Humayun MS, Ikuno Y, Jabs DA, Jaffe GJ, Jallet V, Jampol LM, Joffe L, Johnson RN, Joseph DP, de Juan E, Michael Jumper J, Kaplan HJ, Kelley JS, Khodair MA, Kirchhof B, Klais CM, Klein BE, Klein R, Kline RW, Knox DL, Kosobucki BR, Kreiger AE, Kunimoto DY, Kwun RC, Lakhanpal RR, Lam LA, Landers MB, Lane AM, Lee MS, Lee HC, Lewis H, Lewis GP, Lim WK, Lit ES, Loewenstein A, Lopez JM, Lutty GA, Madreperla S, Maguire AM, Mainster MA, Mansfield NC, Marmor MF, Martin BJ, Massey SC, Mavrofrides EC, McCuen BW, Richard McDonald H, Meier P, Merbs SL, Meredith TA, Mieler WF, Miller RF, Miller JW, Milne P, Mittra RA, Moshfeghi DM, Moshfeghi AA, Moshiri A, Mruthyunjaya P, Murata T, Murphree AL, Murphy RP, Nanda SK, Nguyen QD, Nussenblatt RB, Ober MD, Ober RR, Ogden TE, Oh KT, Ohji M, Olsen KR, Palanker D, Palmer EA, Parel JM, Park CH, Pederson JE, Pelzek CD, Pepose JS, Phelps DL, Phillips S, Pokorny J, Puliafito CA, Rao NA, Kumar Rao P, Recchia FM, Reh TA, Robertson DM, Robertson JE, Rubin GS, Ryan SJ, Sadda SR, Sadun AA, Sahel JA, de la Maza MS, Samuel MA, Sanborn GE, Sarks JP, Sarks SH, Schachat AP, Sebag J, Seddon JM, Sharma S, Sheffield VC, Shields CL, Shields JA, Singh A, Sjaarda RN, Slakter JS, Smith VC, Smith RE, Solomon SD, Soubrane G, Spencer R, Sternberg P, Stewart JM, Stone EM, Sugino IK, Sunness JS, Tano Y, Tasman WS, Thomas MA, Thompson JT, Thorne JE, Thumann G, Toth CA, Trese MT, Tsai LM, Turner PL, Tweito TH, Updike PG, Van Gelder RN, van Lith-Verhoeven JJ, Vaudaux JD, Villain F, Vitale AT, Walker JD, Walsh AC, Wang H, Webster AR, Weiland JD, Weiter JJ, Weleber RG, Wharam MD, Jeffrey Whitehead A, Wiedemann P, Wilkinson C, Williams GA, Willson JK, Wilson DJ, Win PH, Yannuzzi LA, Yoon YH, Young TA, Zarbin MA, Zhang K. Contributors. Retina 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-02598-0.50003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Davidorf FH, Abdel-Rahman MH, Tweito TH, Chorich LJ. Enucleation for Choroidal Melanomas. Retina 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-02598-0.50043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abdel-Rahman MH, Yang Y, Zhou XP, Craig EL, Davidorf FH, Eng C. High frequency of submicroscopic hemizygous deletion is a major mechanism of loss of expression of PTEN in uveal melanoma. J Clin Oncol 2005; 24:288-95. [PMID: 16344319 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.02.2418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although cytogenetic aberrations at 10q have been reported in up to 27% of uveal melanomas, the role of PTEN in the pathogenesis of uveal melanoma is largely unknown. Our aim was to determine the frequency and clinical significance of PTEN alterations in uveal melanomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS We examined PTEN expression using immunohistochemistry in 75 sporadic uveal melanomas, with an average follow-up of 89 months. Molecular cytogenetic alterations were studied using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). Genotyping was carried out using an intragenic PTEN marker and two flanking markers. Mutational analysis of PTEN was also carried out. RESULTS Of the 75 tumors, 12 (16%) showed no PTEN immunostaining, 32 (42.7%) showed weak to moderate staining and the remaining 31 (38.2%) showed staining similar to the normal internal controls. Using CGH, only two (15.4%) of 13 samples showed any loss of 10q. However, in the 38 tumors with informative genotyping, we found that 29 (76.3%) had loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of at least one PTEN marker, and 15 (39.5%) showed LOH of at least two markers. Mutations in the coding region of PTEN were identified in four (11.4%) of 35 tumors. Further, loss of cytoplasmic PTEN expression by immunohistochemistry was associated with shortened disease-free survival (P = .029). CONCLUSION This is the first demonstration that PTEN is a tumor suppressor involved in uveal melanoma pathogenesis and may be associated with clinical outcome. Our data also suggest that submicroscopic deletion, but not large deletions, is the major mechanism of loss of PTEN expression in uveal melanomas.
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Abdel-Rahman MH, Craig EL, Davidorf FH, Eng C. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in uveal melanoma is independent of 6p21-region copy number. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11:73-8. [PMID: 15671530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and overrepresentation of the 6p region have been reported with a wide variation in uveal melanoma. The aim of the current study is to identify the frequency of copy number alteration in the 6p21 region and its correlation with the expression of VEGF in uveal melanoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We studied 88 uveal melanomas for copy number change in the 6p region by comparative genomic hybridization and/or chromogenic in situ hybridization. Expression of VEGF protein was estimated by immunohistochemistry. In 15 tumors, VEGF mRNA expression was also studied by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and VEGF splice variants were detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS Copy number of the 6p21 region was successfully estimated in 37 tumors. In 10 (27%) of those, overrepresentation of the 6p21 region was detected. There was no statistically significant difference in VEGF expression between tumors with and without gain of 6p21 (P = 0.82). VEGF expression was not confined to the tumors and was also detected in the surrounding normal tissue. Expression of VEGF, detected by quantitative RT-PCR, was concordant with expression of VEGF protein. Different VEGF isoforms were expressed in different tumors with no obvious correlation with disease status. CONCLUSION VEGF is overexpressed in a significant number of uveal melanomas. It should be noted that VEGF is not a candidate oncogene in uveal melanoma with 6p gain/amplification. VEGF overexpression other than structural amplification is probably significant in the pathogenesis of uveal melanomas, and its mechanism must be sought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Abdel-Rahman MH, Craig EL, Davidorf FH, Eng C. Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Uveal Melanoma Is Independent of 6p21-Region Copy Number. Clin Cancer Res 2005. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.73.11.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and overrepresentation of the 6p region have been reported with a wide variation in uveal melanoma. The aim of the current study is to identify the frequency of copy number alteration in the 6p21 region and its correlation with the expression of VEGF in uveal melanoma.
Experimental Design: We studied 88 uveal melanomas for copy number change in the 6p region by comparative genomic hybridization and/or chromogenic in situ hybridization. Expression of VEGF protein was estimated by immunohistochemistry. In 15 tumors, VEGF mRNA expression was also studied by quantitative reverse transcription–PCR (RT-PCR) and VEGF splice variants were detected by RT-PCR.
Results: Copy number of the 6p21 region was successfully estimated in 37 tumors. In 10 (27%) of those, overrepresentation of the 6p21 region was detected. There was no statistically significant difference in VEGF expression between tumors with and without gain of 6p21 (P = 0.82). VEGF expression was not confined to the tumors and was also detected in the surrounding normal tissue. Expression of VEGF, detected by quantitative RT-PCR, was concordant with expression of VEGF protein. Different VEGF isoforms were expressed in different tumors with no obvious correlation with disease status.
Conclusion: VEGF is overexpressed in a significant number of uveal melanomas. It should be noted that VEGF is not a candidate oncogene in uveal melanoma with 6p gain/amplification. VEGF overexpression other than structural amplification is probably significant in the pathogenesis of uveal melanomas, and its mechanism must be sought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H. Abdel-Rahman
- 1Department of Ophthalmology and
- 2Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center; Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | | | - Charis Eng
- 2Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center; Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Hawkins BS, Bressler NM, Bressler SB, Davidorf FH, Hoskins JC, Marsh MJ, Miskala PH, Redford M, Sternberg P, Thomas MA, Toth CA. Surgical removal vs observation for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization, either associated with the ocular histoplasmosis syndrome or idiopathic: I. Ophthalmic findings from a randomized clinical trial: Submacular Surgery Trials (SST) Group H Trial: SST Report No. 9. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 122:1597-611. [PMID: 15534121 PMCID: PMC1256023 DOI: 10.1001/archopht.122.11.1597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present visual acuity findings and related outcomes from eyes of patients enrolled in a randomized trial conducted by the Submacular Surgery Trials (SST) Research Group (SST Group H Trial) to compare surgical removal vs observation of subfoveal choroidal neovascular lesions that were either idiopathic or associated with ocular histoplasmosis. METHODS Eligible patients 18 years or older had subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (new or recurrent) that included a classic component on fluorescein angiography and best-corrected visual acuity of 20/50 to 20/800 in 1 eye ("study eye"). Patients were examined 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after enrollment to assess study outcomes and adverse events. Best-corrected visual acuity was measured by a masked examiner at the 24-month examination. A successful outcome was defined a priori as 24-month visual acuity better or no more than 1 line (7 letters) worse than at baseline. RESULTS Among 225 patients enrolled (median visual acuity 20/100), 113 study eyes were assigned to observation and 112 to surgery. Forty-six percent of the eyes in the observation arm and 55% in the surgery arm had a successful outcome (success ratio, 1.18; 95% confidence interval, 0.89-1.56). Median visual acuity at the 24-month examination was 20/250 among eyes in the observation arm and 20/160 for eyes in the surgery arm. The prespecified subgroup of eyes with visual acuity worse than 20/100 at baseline (n = 92) had more successes with surgery; 31 (76%) of 41 eyes in the surgery arm vs 20 (50%) of 40 eyes in the observation arm examined at 24 months (success ratio, 1.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-2.16). Five (4%) of 111 eyes in the surgery arm subsequently had a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Twenty-seven (24%) of 112 initially phakic eyes in the surgery arm (none in the observation arm) had cataract surgery during follow-up, all among patients older than 50 years. Recurrent choroidal neovascularization developed by the 24-month examination in 58% of surgically treated eyes. CONCLUSIONS Overall, findings supported no benefit or a smaller benefit to surgery than the trial was designed to detect. Findings support consideration of surgery for eyes with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization and best-corrected visual acuity worse than 20/100 that meet other eligibility criteria for the SST Group H Trial. Other factors that may influence the treatment decision include the risks of retinal detachment, cataract among older patients, and recurrent choroidal neovascularization and the possibility that additional treatment will be required after submacular surgery.
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Orosz KE, Gupta S, Hassink M, Abdel-Rahman M, Moldovan L, Davidorf FH, Moldovan NI. Delivery of antiangiogenic and antioxidant drugs of ophthalmic interest through a nanoporous inorganic filter. Mol Vis 2004; 10:555-65. [PMID: 15332016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We propose a novel method of administration of antiangiogenic and antioxidant drugs, with potential clinical application in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We suggest the encapsulation of drugs in implantable sustained release devices, limited by membranes with pores in the tens of nanometers diameter range, which display a slower, quasi-linear release kinetics, and a better selectivity than other membranes. In this paper we explored the feasibility of this approach by testing in vitro several key elements of the nanofilter system: diffusion of drugs of interest, efficacy in producing desirable effects on cells, and biocompatibility of used material with some of the cells encountered in the ocular cavity. METHODS We used an aluminum oxide filter (Anopore) with pores of 20 nm as a limiting medium for the administration of drugs. First, we induced an oxidative stress in human retinal endothelial cells (HREC) by treating them with hydrogen peroxide diffused across the filter, in the absence or in the presence of catalase. HREC attached to the culture plate, or emerging as angiogenic sprouts from aggregates embedded in collagen gels, were also exposed to vitamin C or to endostatin delivered across the nanoporous filter. Direct exposure of the cells to the agents served as positive controls. Growth of cells on the filter was considered an indication for biocompatibility. RESULTS Catalase diffused across the nanoporous membrane counteracted the cytotoxic effect of hydrogen peroxide on HREC. We also found that vitamin C, acting directly or after diffusion across the filter, up to concentrations physiologically present in the eye, was a concentration dependent modulator of HREC's ability to survive and sprout. Additionally, we confirmed the ability of endostatin to block the growth of HREC either attached or sprouting from cell aggregates, after diffusion across the Anopore nanofilter. CONCLUSIONS The drug delivery method based on the administration of angiostatic and antioxidant agents across the inorganic aluminum oxide nanoporous filter passed the key in vitro tests for diffusibility and biocompatibility, opening the way for medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E Orosz
- Division of Ophthalmology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick H Davidorf
- Department of Ophthalmology, William Havener Eye Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1228, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To report our experience in treating medium-size ocular melanomas with custom-made "Nag" eye plaques. METHODS Seventy-eight patients with medium-size ocular melanomas were treated with plaques of 0.6-mm-thick, 18k gold with a radius of curvature of 12 mm to conform to the curvature of the eyeball. These plaques were custom-made in various sizes and shapes to encompass the base of the tumor and a 1-mm margin on all sides. Apertures in three wings of these plaques allowed sutures to be easily placed to hold the plaques onto the sclera. A dose of 100 Gy (before TG-43) or 85 Gy (after TG-43) was delivered with (125)I in 4 days. The dose was prescribed to the periphery of tumor at the level of tumor apex to ensure that the entire tumor volume received at least this dose. RESULTS The median follow-up was 49 months (range 8-112 months). The progression-free survival (Kaplan-Meier method), overall survival, and disease-specific survival at 5 years were 93%, 86%, and 97%, respectively. Fifty of 78 (64%) patients retained useful visual acuity (20/200 or better). Thirty-one of 78 (40%) patients developed retinopathy or papillopathy. In the subgroup of 22 patients with tumor distance < or =2 mm from optic disc or macula, 12 patients (54%) developed retinopathy or papillopathy. Only 7 of these patients (32%) had useful vision (20/200 or better). Short distance to optic disc or macula was associated with significantly poor visual acuity and moderate to severe retinopathy or papillopathy (ANOVA, p = 0.004 and p = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSION Our experience suggests that custom-made Nag plaque brachytherapy can control medium-size choroidal melanoma and that a 1-mm, rather than the standard 2-mm, minimum margin is sufficient when this plaque and prescription methods are used. Patients with tumors close (< or =2 mm) to optic disc or macula have a significantly poorer visual outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subir Nag
- Division of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center and The Arthur James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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37
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Abstract
PURPOSE To report a case of an adult with a ciliary body mass diagnosed as a medulloepithelioma by fine-needle aspiration, confirmed by tissue biopsy, and successfully treated with brachytherapy. DESIGN Interventional case report. METHODS A 23-year-old white woman presented with a large mass originating in the ciliary body of the left eye. The mass, which measured 6 x 5 x 7.6 mm, was at the upper limits for resection. Treatment with iodine-125 brachytherapy (4,648 cGy) was employed to debulk the mass before eyewall resection. RESULTS The elevation of the mass by ultrasonography 5 months after brachytherapy was 3.9 mm with no evidence of growth during the 18-month follow-up period. CONCLUSION We report a case in which a ciliary body medulloepithelioma treated with brachytherapy had a favorable response through 18 months of follow-up after treatment. This is a single case report, and longer follow-up is necessary before treatment efficacy can be fully evaluated.
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38
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Abstract
The pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy has not been fully explained. The earliest histological lesion is the loss of intramural pericytes and thickening of the basement membrane. Increased activity of the polyol pathway is a probable mechanism for these two abnormalities. Investigations have suffered from the lack of an exact animal model simulating the human condition. Examination of the retina in the spontaneously diabetic SHR/N:Mcc-cp rat demonstrated degeneration and loss of intramural pericytes, a progressive increase in basement membrane thickness, and microinfarctions with an area of non-perfusion. Therefore, this model may be used to clarify the biochemical mechanisms linking the metabolic abnormalities of diabetes and retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
PURPOSE To report ocular injuries associated with the use of bungee cords. METHOD Four patients with bungee cord-associated ocular trauma are presented. RESULTS Four eyes of four patients demonstrated severe contusion injuries associated with bungee cord trauma. Ocular injuries in the four eyes included a variable combination of corneal abrasion, hyphema, iridodialysis, anterior chamber angle recession, secondary glaucoma, lens subluxation, vitreous hemorrhage, and retinal detachment. Three of the four eyes required ophthalmic surgery. All eyes had anterior chamber angle recession and required continuing ophthalmic care. CONCLUSION Bungee cords may be associated with severe ocular injury and should be used with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Chorich
- Department of Ophthalmology, William H. Havener Eye Center, Ohio State University, USA.
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40
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Abstract
Interferon alfa and its related compounds have been used for more than 10 years in the treatment of a number of conditions including viral illnesses, childhood hemangiomas, various cancers, and leukemia. The potential applications for this class of medication continue to grow. The use of interferon alfa in experimental protocols has also increased, thus making it more likely that new indications will be discovered. It is probable that primary care physicians will be called on to initiate therapy or will see patients being treated with interferon in their practice. We report the development of interferon-related retinopathy in a 43-year-old man while he was receiving experimental treatment with interferon alfa for hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection. The vision loss was acute and only partially reversible. Interferon, its mechanism of action, and the past literature are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Chambers
- William H. Havener Eye Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Davidorf
- William Havener Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
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42
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Williams LL, Lew HM, Davidorf FH, Pelok SG, Singley CT, Wolinsky JS. Altered membrane fatty acids of cultured human retinal pigment epithelium persistently infected with rubella virus may affect secondary cellular function. Arch Virol 1994; 134:379-92. [PMID: 8129623 DOI: 10.1007/bf01310575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Persistent infection with rubella virus (RV) can alter secondary functions of host cells. Previously we had documented defective phagocytosis of latex beads by cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE), persistently infected with M-33 RV (RPE/RV). Here, examining possible mechanisms for altered function, we reported significant differences between the total esterified fatty acids (FA) of RPE and RPE/RV membranes, measured by gas liquid chromatography. RPE/RV contained an increased proportion of saturated FA, particularly palmitic acid, with a presence of unusual chromatographic FA peaks co-eluting with odd-numbered long-chain carbon atom FA not normally found in human cells. Apical membrane microvilli, structures essential to phagocytic activity of RPE and RPE/RV, observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, were similar in number and appearance between uninfected RPE and RPE/RV cells before and after latex bead addition. However, RPE/RV microvilli, possibly reflecting altered membrane FA composition, engaged latex beads less effectively than uninfected RPE microvilli. In addition, microvilli remained abnormally distributed on RPE/RV cell surfaces at 48 h after latex addition. Thus, RV persistent infection may affect the cellular membrane fluidity and functional activity of human cells with increased saturated FA proportions and altered FA components of membrane phospholipids. These changes may participate in the defective phagocytosis of RPE/RV.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Williams
- William H. Havener Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus
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43
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Davidorf FH, Chambers RB. Diabetic retinopathy during pregnancy. Clin Perinatol 1993; 20:571-81. [PMID: 8222469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This article outlines the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy, its epidemiology, and its diagnosis. Recommendations for management of the pregnant diabetic patient through the team approach has resulted in a dramatic improvement in maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy. By including a retinal specialist in the team during each trimester, the effects of pregnancy on the progression of diabetic retinopathy should be nearly identical to that of the non-pregnant patient.
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44
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Williams LL, Lew HM, Shannon BT, Singley CT, Davidorf FH, Jin R, Wolinsky JS. Phagocytosis of latex beads is defective in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells with persistent rubella virus infection. Am J Pathol 1993; 142:451-61. [PMID: 8434641 PMCID: PMC1886738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Phagocytosis, a secondary function of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells essential to sight, was significantly decreased, when measured with latex beads, during persistent rubella virus (RV) infection of human cultured RPE cells. A target for RV in vivo, RPE cells infected with RV (RPE/RV) ingested fewer fluorescent microspheres (26%) than did uninfected RPE cells (68%) (P < 0.001), as measured by flow cytometry. In RPE/RV cells, with characteristic RPE monolayer appearance and normal growth during subculturing over 6 months, persistent RV infection was shown by specific RV antigen immunofluorescence, by the presence of the RV genome in RPE/RV cell messenger RNA, and by recovery of cell-free RV after cocultivation with Vero cells. The adhesion of latex beads to apical cell surfaces of RPE/RV and uninfected RPE cells appeared similar, as imaged by scanning electron microscopy. Cytoskeletal actin, a component of phagocytosis in RPE, appeared altered in 60 to 75% of RPE/RV cells by antiactin immunofluorescence staining, as previously described in other RV-infected cells, but its role in the disturbed phagocytosis of latex beads was not determined. Persistently RV-infected human RPE is an additional example of RV-associated secondary cellular dysfunction in the absence of cytopathic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Williams
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus
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45
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Davidorf FH, Chambers RB, Gresak P. False-positive magnetic resonance imaging of a metastatic carcinoma simulating a malignant melanoma. Ann Ophthalmol 1992; 24:391-4. [PMID: 1444077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of malignant melanoma of the choroid. We describe the case of a patient with a choroidal mass whose MRI study was characteristic of malignant melanoma. Subsequently the eye was enucleated. However, on histopathologic examination, the mass was a metastatic carcinoma to the choroid. This false-positive study makes us question the value of MRI in the diagnosis of malignant melanoma of the choroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Davidorf
- Ophthalmology Department, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
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46
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Williams LL, Lew HM, Shannon BT, Singley CT, Chambers RB, Davidorf FH. Activated retinitis pigmentosa peripheral lymphocytes adhere to and alter cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1992; 33:2848-60. [PMID: 1526734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) is an activation molecule that, when expressed on peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) membranes, indicates the secretion of IL-2 and initiation of an immune system activation cascade. Comparing the average of IL-2R expression in 34 patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) syndrome (561 +/- 282 cells/mm3; mean +/- standard deviation) with 35 age-matched normal subjects (194 +/- 39 cells/mm3), it was found that those with RP had greater numbers of IL-2R-positive cells (P less than 0.001). The increased amounts of IL-2R on PBL of 29 RP and the homotypic self-aggregation of RP PBL by phase and scanning electron microscopy led to the study of the interaction of RP PBL with cultured human postmortem retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). A direct correlation was found between the amount of IL-2R expression and the numbers of RP lymphocytes adhering to RPE monolayers. However, the adherence effect was not unique to RP syndrome but appeared to be a nonspecific result of lymphocyte activation. Greater adherence to RPE than normal also was observed in PBL from disease control subjects with elevated IL-2R values and in PBL stimulated by the mitogen, concanavalin A (Con-A). In addition, RPE monolayers were destroyed by Con-A-stimulated PBL that showed 95-98% IL-2R expression. Similar, but less serious effects, occurring in RPE cells after 1 wk's cocultivation with RP PBL, suggested that activated RP lymphocytes can be cytotoxic to RPE during prolonged contact. Because macrophage-like cells and class II major histocompatibility complex expression have been found in RP-affected retinas, immune-mediated cytopathologic effects may contribute to retinal degeneration in RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Williams
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus
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47
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Mauger TF, Makley TA, Davidorf FH, Rogers GL. Retinoblastoma, microphthalmia, coloboma, and neuroepithelioma of the pineal body. Ann Ophthalmol 1992; 24:290-4. [PMID: 1416626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A one-month-old infant boy was examined early in life because his mother had bilateral retinoblastoma and his father had bilateral microphthalmia. The ophthalmologist found his right eye was normal size with a coloboma of the iris, choroid, and retina. The left eye was microphthalmic with a coloboma of the uveal tract and retina. A vascularized fluffy white mass in the posterior pole was diagnosed clinically as a retinoblastoma. The tumor regressed with radiation. When the patient was four years of age, a large tumor was found in the region of the pineal recess, causing hydrocephalus and seizures. A biopsy showed an undifferentiated malignant neuroepithelial neoplasm. The patient died within three months of diffuse central nervous system tumor. The unusual findings of a retinoblastoma in a microphthalmic eye with bilateral colobomas and a neuroepithelial neoplasm of the pineal gland are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F Mauger
- Ohio State University, Department of Ophthalmology, Columbus
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48
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Williams LL, Shannon BT, Chambers RB, Leguire LE, Davidorf FH. Systemic immunostimulation after retinal laser treatment in retinitis pigmentosa. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1992; 64:78-83. [PMID: 1606755 DOI: 10.1016/0090-1229(92)90062-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Systemic immunostimulation followed an experimental treatment trial of scatter argon laser photocoagulation directed to the retina of one eye of 10 patients with heredo-degenerative retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Significantly increased RP lymphocyte CD25, CD26, and CD4/CD26 activation epitope expressions over prelaser values and controls were found with a normalization of soluble interleukin-2 receptor secretion after laser treatment. Serum interferon-gamma was low both pre- and postlaser. Interestingly, when a panel of viral antibodies was tested, only those to rubella virus were elevated in the early postlaser period. The character of RP immunostimulation after laser-induced inflammation could be consistent with an antigenic stimulus from laser-released retinal proteins which might be of autoimmune or latent infectious origin. Enhanced immune responses may be a common but unrecognized sequellae of retinal laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Williams
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus
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49
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Walker J, Davidorf FH. A paper clip to the rescue. Ophthalmic Surg 1992; 23:302. [PMID: 1589207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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50
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Walker J, Davidorf FH. A PAPER CLIP TO THE RESCUE. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 1992. [DOI: 10.3928/1542-8877-19920401-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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