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Wang YL, Hu HY, Wu Q, Wei HY. [Research advances on application of sub-epidermal moisture scanner in monitoring tissue viability of early pressure injuries]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi 2024; 40:96-100. [PMID: 38296243 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20231101-00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Pressure injury (PI) not only reduces the quality of life of patients but also is expensive to manage, placing a heavy financial burden on patients and their families, and society. Despite the increasing diversity of methods used to identify early PI, there are still few methods that can truly and accurately predict early PI. The sub-epidermal moisture scanner is the first U.S. Food and Drug Administration-authorized PI management device that can predict the occurrence and development of PI by measuring the level of local tissue bio-capacitance and monitoring the tissue viability. As an emerging diagnostic instrument, the sub-epidermal moisture scanner has already shown great advantages in clinical practice, which can promote the informatization, digitization, and intelligent prevention and management of PI. This paper introduces the pathophysiological mechanism of PI, elucidates the working principle and parameter settings of the sub-epidermal moisture scanner, its clinical application in monitoring tissue viability in early PI, and its limitation, and looks forward to its future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Wang
- Wound & Ostomy Care Clinic, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - H Y Hu
- Wound & Ostomy Care Clinic, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Q Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shuangling Campus of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - H Y Wei
- Wound & Ostomy Care Clinic, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
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Xu LW, Yu CH, Hu HY, Chen YC, Ma L, Ding GQ, Li GH. [Comparison of the efficacy of thulium fiber laser and holmium laser lithotripsy in the treatment of upper urinary tract stones]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:2307-2313. [PMID: 37574827 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230614-01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the efficacy of thulium fiber laser (TFL) and holmium laser (HL) in the treatment of upper urinary tract stones. Methods: A total of 76 patients diagnosed with upper urinary tract stones by radiographic examination and who required ureteroscopy lithotripsy or retrograde intrarenal stone surgery were prospectively enrolled from the Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine between January 2022 and June 2022. Patients were divided into TFL group (n=38) and HL group (n=38) in a 1∶1 ratio according to the randomization schedule. The perioperative outcomes and stone-free rate of two groups were recorded and compared. Results: Finally, the clinical data of 71 patients were completely collected, including 55 males and 16 females, with a mean age of (45.7±14.1) years old. There were 36 patients in TFL group and 35 patients in HL group, and there was no significant difference in age, body mass index, gender, Charlson comorbidity index, stone site, stone location, stone size and stone density between two groups (all P>0.05). All the surgeries were successfully performed with no intraoperative complications. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of operation time, stone displacement during lithotripsy, visual field clarity, changes in hemoglobin, leukocyte, and C-reactive protein, and length of postoperative hospital stay (all P>0.05), but the laser action time[M (Q1,Q3)] in the TFL group was 30.0 (20.0, 48.8)s, which was significantly shorter than that in the HL group [90.0 (50.0, 120.0)s, P<0.001]. The stone-free rates of TFL group and HL group were 97.2% (35/36) and 88.6% (31/35), and there was no significant difference (P=0.337). The postoperative complication incidences of TFL group and HL group were 36.1% (13/36)and 22.9% (8/35), respectively, and the difference was not significant either (P=0.221). For ureter stones, the laser action time in TFL group was 22.5 (20.0, 43.8)s, which was significantly shorter than that in HL group [80.0 (50.0, 120.0)s, P<0.001]. For stones with maximum diameter≤10 mm, the laser action time in TFL group was 20.0 (10.0, 25.0)s, which was significantly shorter than that in HL group [50.0 (40.0, 80.0)s, P<0.001]. For stones with maximum diameter>10 mm, the laser action time in TFL group was 60.0(42.5, 180.0)s, which was significantly shorter than that in HL group [180.0(120.0, 210.0)s, P=0.035]. For stones with density≤1 000 CT, the laser action time in TFL group was 30.0 (20.0, 45.0)s, which was significantly shorter than that in HL group [95.0 (47.5, 120.0), P=0.001]. For stones with density>1 000 CT, the laser action time in TFL group was 30.0 (20.0, 90.0)s, which was significantly shorter than that in HL group [80.0 (55.0, 180.0)s, P=0.033]. Conclusion: TFL lithotripsy is an effective and safe surgical procedure for the treatment of upper urinary tract stones, with similar clinical efficacy but shorter laser action time compared to HL lithotripsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Xu
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - C H Yu
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - H Y Hu
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Y C Chen
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - L Ma
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - G Q Ding
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - G H Li
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
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Hu HY, Long L, Dai SA, Yan GQ, Huang Y, He J. Analysis of clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of primary Xlymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:9416-9425. [PMID: 36591850 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202212_30693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PPLELC) is a rare lung malignancy occurring most frequently in young non-smokers from Southeast Asia. Given its low incidence, PPLELC clinical features, treatment methods, and the factors affecting its prognosis remain elusive. To date, PPLELC data are mainly derived from clinical case reports, and no cohort studies are available. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed a group of PPLELC cases and summarized the clinical features of patients, treatment responses, and the factors affecting patient prognosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 91 patients having primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma were recruited in this study. These included sex, age, place of birth, smoking history, pre-treatment symptoms, tumor location, tumor markers, maximum tumor diameter, treatment regimen, lymph node presence metastasis after an operation, pathological picture, immunohistochemistry, genetic findings, and tumor stage grading. We determined the overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), basic clinical characteristics, treatment option, treatment response, and recurrence pattern among the patients. In addition, we understood the influence of sex, age, tumor, nodes, and metastases (TNM) stage, tumor size, and surgery over patient prognosis. RESULTS Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma is more common among young non-smokers, with a slightly higher incidence in women than in men. The expression of Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA (EBER), pancytokeratin (PCK), Cytokeratin 5/6 (CK5/6), and tumor protein 63 (P63) was positive in immunohistochemistry. Serum cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen (CYFRA21-1) and Epstein-Barr DNA (EB-DNA) could be used as markers to diagnose primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma. TNM stage and surgery were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma is rare, showing a good prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-Y Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Hu HY, Zhang B, Yang LY, Zhou L, Wang Y, Wang F. [PAHs exposure and its association with oxidative stress and neurotransmitter levels in coal miners]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2022; 40:727-732. [PMID: 36348551 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20210315-00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To learn the investigate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and to explore the association between PAHs exposure and oxidative stress' neurotransmitter levels in coal miners. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 652 coal miners (239 in the underground first line group, 280 in the underground auxiliary group and 133 in the surface group) from April to June 2017. The levels of urinary monohydroxy PAHs metabolites (OH-PAHs) , oxidative stress and neurotransmitters in blood were determined. A linear regression model was used to evaluate the correlation between OH-PAHs and oxidative stress' neurotransmitter levels. The mediating role of oxidative stress between urinary OH-PAHs and neurotransmitters change was assessed by mediation analysis. Results: The levels of 2-hydroxynaphthalene (2-NAP) 、2-hydroxy uorene (2-FLU) 、1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) in urine OH-PAHs of coal miners in different workplaces were significantly different (H=33.64, 9.63, 26.82, P<0.01, =0.008, <0.01) . The levels of neurotransmitters [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) , norepinephrine (NE) , epinephrine (E) , dopamine (DA) , acetylcholine (Ach) , acetylcholinesterase (AChE) ] and oxidative stress [malondialdehyde (MDA) (F=36.81, 15.58, 79.16, 179.58, 33.48, 67.63, 4.96, P<0.01) ] in the blood of three groups of coal miners were significantly different. After controlling the potential confounding factors, NE content was negatively correlated with 2-FLU level, and AChE activity was also negatively correlated with 1-OHP level (β=-134.99, 95% CI: -250.74~-19.23, P=0.02; β=-0.80, 95%CI: -1.54~-0.05, P=0.036) . Positive correlation was found between Ach content and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene (9-PHE) level, AChE activity was also positively correlated with 2-NAP level and 9-PHE level (β=0.96, 95%CI: 0.26~1.64, P=0.007; β=1.78, 95%CI: 0.75~2.82, P=0.001; β=0.77, 95%CI: 0.07~1.47, P=0.031) . In addition, superoxide dismutase activity was correlated with 1-OHP level and AChE activity (β=0.32, 95%CI: 0.02~0.62, P=0.034; β=-0.23, 95%CI: -0.43~-0.02, P=0.032) . Mediation analysis indicated that 1-OHP level may directly affect AChE activity (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The level of PAHs in underground coal miners is relatively higher, and may lead to changes of neurotransmitter levels. The mediating effect of oxidative stress has not been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Hu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - B Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - L Y Yang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - L Zhou
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Y Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - F Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
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Lu YY, Zhang YH, Yu LX, Zeng XM, Yang CZ, Ma YL, Zhou LJ, Hu HY, Xie XH, Yu ZK. [Clinical report of hoding cricoarytenoid joint reduction with visual laryngoscope under intravenous anesthesia]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 57:1095-1101. [PMID: 36177564 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20220221-00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the reduction effect of hoding cricoarytenoid joint reduction with visual laryngoscope under intravenous anesthesia. Methods: The therapeutic effects of 40 patients with arytenoid dislocation(AD)treated by closed reduction in the single center from January 2020 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including 21 males and 19 females, median age 48 years. The etiology, symptoms, preoperative evaluation methods, reduction mode, reduction times, and the recovery of arytenoid cartilage movement and sound after reduction were evaluated and analyzed. Results: All patients had obvious hoarseness and breath sound before treatment. Under stroboscopic laryngoscope or electronic nasopharyngoscope, different degrees of vocal cord movement disorder and poor glottic closure can be seen. There were 28 cases of left dislocation, 9 cases of right dislocation and 3 cases of bilateral dislocation. The etiology of dislocation of cricoarytenoid joint: 25 cases (62.5%) of tracheal intubation under general anesthesia were the most common causes, was as follows by laryngeal trauma, gastroscopy, cough, vomiting and so on. Among them, 28 cases of reduction were initially diagnosed in our department, and 12 cases were diagnosed later after failure of reduction treatment. Of the 40 patients, 6 underwent reduction 24 hours after dislocation; 18 cases from 3 days to 1 month; 7 cases from 1 to 3 months; 6 cases were reset in 3~6 months; Over 6 months in 3 cases. After one reduction, 10 cases (10/40, 25%) recovered normal pronunciation, 14 cases (14/40, 35%) recovered normal pronunciation after two reduction, 10 cases (10/40, 25%) recovered normal pronunciation after three times, 2 cases (2/40, 5%) recovered normal pronunciation after four times, and 1 case (2.5%) recovered normal pronunciation after five times. Thin slice CT scan of larynx and cricoarytenoid joint reconstruction showed the types of AD: subluxation in 37 cases (92.5%) and total dislocation in 3 cases; 28 cases of left dislocation, 9 cases of right dislocation and 3 cases of bilateral dislocation; 29 cases (72.5%) had posterior dislocation and 11 cases (27.5%) had anterior dislocation. All patients were treated by intravenous anesthesia with arytenoid cartilage clamped by cricoarytenoid joint reduction forceps under visual laryngoscope. The curative effect was evaluated by stroboscopic laryngoscope and/or voice analysis at 1-2 weeks after operation. The vocal cord movement returned to normal and the pronunciation was good in 37 cases (92.5%). Conclusions: Hoding cricoarytenoid joint reduction with the vision laryngoscope under intravenous anesthesia is easy to operate and the reduction effect is more stable. It is a effective method for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, BenQ Medical Center, the Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Y H Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, BenQ Medical Center, the Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - L X Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Center, the Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - X M Zeng
- Department of Imaging, Medical Center, the Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - C Z Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Center, the Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Y L Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, BenQ Medical Center, the Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - L J Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, BenQ Medical Center, the Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - H Y Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, BenQ Medical Center, the Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - X H Xie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, BenQ Medical Center, the Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Z K Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, BenQ Medical Center, the Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210019, China
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Hu HY, Xie XX, Tan ST, Fan X, He J. Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma: a case report of renal insufficiency during PD1 inhibitor treatment. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:3827-3831. [PMID: 35731051 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202206_28949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that accounts for approximately 3-8% of all malignant lymphomas. So far, ENKTL has no standard treatment guidelines, and the current treatment methods pose adverse effects. The combination of programmed death receptors (PD-1) and programmed death receptors' ligands (PD-L1) downregulates effector T cells; hence, it may be an effective treatment for NK/T-cell lymphoma. Here, we report a patient diagnosed with ENKTL whose health was significantly improved after PD-1 immunotherapy. At the same time, the patient suffered from related renal toxic side effects. Immunotherapy is an emerging treatment method for tumors, and the early diagnosis and identification of its side effects are vital for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. CASE REPORT Laboratory tests, pathological examinations, and the patient's history were performed to estimate the severity and the cause of renal insufficiency. The patient with ENKTL developed transient renal damage during immunotherapy. During the next treatment and examination, renal insufficiency was irrelevant to PD-1 inhibitors and avoided unnecessary drug withdrawal. CONCLUSIONS In the present case report, we discuss a patient who developed a severe transient renal impairment during immunotherapy and review published studies regarding immunotherapy and its renal-related side effects. We also outline how to critically distinguish whether a patient's kidney injury is anti-PD-1 treatment. We also provide insights to oncologists to develop an effective follow-up treatment plan for early detection and management of any anti-PD-1 treatment side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-Y Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Medicine School of University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China.
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Wang AY, Hu HY, Ou YN, Wang ZT, Ma YH, Tan L, Yu JT. Socioeconomic Status and Risks of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 39 Prospective Studies. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2022; 10:83-94. [PMID: 36641612 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2022.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, increased attention has been paid to the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on cognition function and dementia, however, an ongoing debate continues to exist. The objective of our study was to explore the potential effect of SES on the risks of cognitive dysfunction and dementia. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched for prospective studies from inception to 9 January 2022. Meta-analyses using random-effect models were performed, and then subgroup analyses stratified by study characteristics for specific outcomes were conducted. RESULTS Thirty-nine prospective studies (1,485,702 individuals) were eligible for inclusion, of which 25 reported the incidence of dementia and 14 reported cognitive decline. Primary results of the meta-analyses found an elevated combined risk of cognitive impairment and dementia (relative risk [RR] = 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-1.49) in low-SES participants compared with high-SES participants. We also found an elevated risk of all-cause dementia (RR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.12-1.74) in low-SES participants. Further subgroup analyses stratified by education, occupation, and income showed that low education subgroup (RR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.04-1.41) and low-income subgroup (RR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.10-1.35) had an increased combined risks of cognitive impairment and dementia, but only individuals with lower education had a higher risk of dementia (RR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.20-2.32). CONCLUSIONS Low SES substantially increased the risk of dementia and cognitive dysfunction, suggesting that public health strategies could reduce the dementia burden by reducing social inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Y Wang
- Prof. Jin-Tai Yu (ORCID 0000-0002-3310-5875), National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai 200040, China, ; or Prof. Lan Tan (ORCID 0000-0002-8759-7588), Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, No.5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, China, , Tel: +86 21 52888163; Fax: +86 21 62483421
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Huang Y, Guo FZ, Dai S, Hu HY, Fu SY, Liu JW, Luo F. Clinical insights into cisplatin-induced arrhythmia in a patient with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a case report. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:6-10. [PMID: 35049014 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202201_27741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiotoxicity is a common adverse effect of many antineoplastic agents, including anthracyclines and paclitaxel. However, it has not been defined as a causal side effect of cisplatin. Here we report on a patient with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer who developed a cardiotoxic event induced by cisplatin that manifested primarily as arrhythmia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Intensive cardiac monitoring through electrocardiogram was performed to estimate the severity degree and clinical condition of arrhythmia. RESULTS The frequency and severity of the arrhythmia had a strong temporal relationship with the administration of cisplatin, that made it likely that cisplatin was responsible for the cardiotoxicity observed. CONCLUSIONS In the present case report, we discuss the potential factors that may provide pivotal contributions to the patient's susceptibility to cardiotoxicity and review the published studies regarding the cardiotoxic influence of cisplatin. We also outline the critical points that oncologists should be aware of when dealing with such high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Huang
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Han XD, Lu RQ, Hu HY, Guo L. [Application of serum markers in medullary thyroid carcinoma]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 55:1468-1474. [PMID: 34963245 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20210308-00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To discuss the diagnostic value of calcitonin(CT), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), pro-gastrin releasing peptide (Pro-GRP) and chromogranin A (CgA) in the identification of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Methods: The CT levels in 105 cases of MTC, 50 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma, 10 cases of thyroid follicular carcinoma, 5 cases of undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma, 50 cases of benign thyroid diseases, 30 cases of non-thyroid malignant tumors and 50 cases of healthy controls were measured from February 2017 to August 2019 at the Department of Clinical Laboratory, Cancer Hospital affliated to Fudan University. Additionally, 79 cases of MTC, 30 cases of non-MTC thyroid malignant tumors and 30 healthy controls were selected for the measurement of CEA, NSE, Pro-GRP and CgA levels. The receiver operating curve was utilized to clarify the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of each indicator to distinguish between different groups. Results: The medians of CT concentrations in the group of MTC patients was 607.2 (152.5,2 777.5)pg/ml, which was statistically significantly higher than that of the subjects in the group of papillary thyroid carcinoma 1.48 (0.5,2.91)pg/ml, follicular thyroid carcinoma 1.90 (0.82,2.99)pg/ml, undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma 0.50 (0.50,4.93)pg/ml, benign thyroid disease 1.30 (0.50,2.79)pg/ml, non-thyroid malignancies 1.36 (0.50,2.89)pg/ml and healthy controls 2.05 (0.89,3.18)pg/ml. The sensitivity, specificity and AUC of CT to distinguish MTC vs. non-MTC patients was 96.2%, 99.3% and 0.99, respectively. The maximum diameter (>1 cm, P=0.001, OR=15.74) and number (>1, P=0.04, OR=3.4) of nodules were two independent risk factors for elevated CT. CEA (AUC=0.94), NSE (AUC=0.65), Pro-GRP (AUC=0.94) and CgA (AUC=0.83) could all distinguish MTC vs. non-MTC thyroid malignancies. The AUC, sensitivity and specificity by combining CT, CEA, NSE, Pro-GRP and CgA to differentiate MTC vs. non-MTC thyroid malignancies was 1, 100% and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: CT, CEA, NSE, Pro-GRP and CgA may be helpful for the auxiliary diagnosis of MTC. The combination of these indicators in the diagnosis of MTC has high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- X D Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - R Q Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - H Y Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - L Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Hu HY, Chen YH, Zhou Y, Zhang Z, Lu J, Liu XY, Chen LP, Fu GF. [Recent HIV infection and associated factors among men who have sex with men in Jiangsu province]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2021; 42:1989-1993. [PMID: 34818845 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20210601-00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the incidence of HIV infections and associated factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Jiangsu province. Methods: Based on national AIDS sentinel surveillance in 2019, MSM from 13 cities in Jiangsu were recruited for questionnaire interview and laboratory testing during April to July, 2019. Seropositive samples were tested with Limiting-antigen avidity enzyme immunoassay to detect recent HIV infections. The incidence of HIV infection in MSM were calculated according to the formula and parameters from China CDC. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with recent infection of HIV. Results: A total of 4 469 MSM were subjects and the incidence of HIV infection were 4.5% (95%CI: 3.4%-5.5%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that compared with these aged ≥40 years, recruitment ways from MSM venues, awareness of AIDS knowledge, non-unprotected anal sex in the past 6 months and non-syphilis infection, those who aged 18-24 years (aOR=2.083,95%CI:1.087-3.990), recruitment ways from VCT clinics (aOR=2.125,95%CI:1.175-3.843), unawareness of AIDS knowledge (aOR=2.456,95%CI:1.109-5.437), unprotected anal sex in the past 6 months (aOR=3.553,95%CI:2.143-5.889) and syphilis infection (aOR=2.414,95%CI:1.033-5.462) were higher risk of HIV infection. Conclusion: The new infection rates of HIV were high in MSM in Jiangsu province. Health education, condom use and HIV/syphilis screening promotions should therefore be top priority in the prevention and control of HIV infection in MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Hu
- Department of AIDS/STD Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Y H Chen
- Department of AIDS/STD Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of AIDS/STD Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of AIDS/STD Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - J Lu
- Department of AIDS/STD Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - X Y Liu
- Department of AIDS/STD Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - L P Chen
- Department of AIDS/STD Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - G F Fu
- Department of AIDS/STD Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
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11
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Zhou F, Cui YX, Ma YH, Wang JY, Hu HY, Li SW, Zhang FL, Li CW. Investigating the Potential Mechanism of Pydiflumetofen Resistance in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Plant Dis 2021; 105:3580-3585. [PMID: 33934629 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-21-0455-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The necrotrophic pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most damaging and economically important plant pathogens. Pydiflumetofen, which was developed by Syngenta Crop Protection, has already been registered in China for the management of Sclerotinia stem rot, which was caused by S. sclerotiorum in oilseed rape. In an attempt to preempt and forestall the development of resistance to this useful fungicide, the current study was initiated to investigate the potential mechanism of resistance in laboratory mutants. Five pydiflumetofen-resistant S. sclerotiorum mutants were successfully generated by repeated exposure to the fungicide under laboratory conditions. Although the mutants had greatly reduced sensitivity to pydiflumetofen, they were also found to have significantly (P < 0.05) reduced fitness, exhibiting reduced mycelial growth and sclerotia formation on potato dextrose agar medium. However, three of the four mutants had significantly (P < 0.05) increased pathogenicity on detached soybean leaves compared with their respective parental isolates, indicating a moderate to high level of fungicide resistance risk according to the criteria of the Fungicide Resistance Action Committee. Sequence analysis of four succinate dehydrogenase (Sdh) target genes identified several nucleotide changes in the sequences of the pydiflumetofen-resistant mutants, most of which were synonymous and caused no changes to the predicted amino acid sequences. However, all of the pydiflumetofen-resistant mutants had two amino acid point mutations (A11V and V162A) in their predicted SsSdhB sequence. No similar changes were found in the SsSdhA, SsSdhC, and SsSdhD genes of any of the mutants tested. In addition, there was a positive cross-resistance between pydiflumetofen and boscalid, and no cross-resistance between pydiflumetofen and other commonly used fungicides, including tebuconazole, fludioxonil, cyprodinil, dimethachlone, prochloraz, pyraclostrobin, fluazinam, procymidone, and carbendazim. These results indicate that pydiflumetofen has great potential as an alternative fungicide for the control of S. sclerotiorum, especially where resistance to other fungicides has already emerged. Mixing or alternate application with fludioxonil, prochloraz, and fluazinam could be used to limit the risk of resistance to pydiflumetofen.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zhou
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Y X Cui
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Y H Ma
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - J Y Wang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - H Y Hu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - S W Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - F L Zhang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - C-W Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Chou YC, Yen YF, Chu DC, Hu HY. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency healthcare utilization: a cohort study. Eur J Public Health 2021. [PMCID: PMC8574253 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab165.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Emergency department (ED) crowding is a burden on public health, so understanding the characteristics of frequent ED users is a key concern of the healthcare system and policy makers. This study aims to examine the characteristics and healthcare-seeking behaviors in frequent ED users before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
A retrospective observational study was conducted on ED users aged 18 years and over admitted to Taipei City Hospital in February 2019-January2020 (before pandemic) and February 2020-January2021 (during pandemic) (N = 120,011). Frequent and ED users were defined as patients with four or more ED visits in a year. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of frequent ED use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Results
Monthly emergency department visits were significantly lower during the pandemic (by 10.1-26.8%). Frequent ED patients had shorter lengths of stay in the ED during the pandemic (212.5 vs.233.9 minutes; P < 0.0001). The proportion of ED patients receiving chest CT examination during the pandemic has increased by 0.5-0.6%. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, triage status, mode of arrival, and copayment exemption, patients with a triage status of level 4-5 (AOR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.13-2.28), diagnosis of pneumonia (AOR=1.85, 95% CI: 1.07-3.17), giddiness (AOR=2.85, 95% CI: 1.82-4.45), dyspnea (AOR=1.85, 95% CI: 1.00-3.39), or chronic kidney disease (AOR=5.05, 95% CI: 2.66-9.59) were more likely to be frequent ED visitors during the pandemic.
Conclusions
Since SAR-CoV-2 is highly contagious, it is imperative to educate non-emergent patients to utilize outpatient medical services rather than emergency medical services to reduce the risk of COVID-19 outbreaks at the ED.
Key messages
This study found that the utilization of emergent medical services during the COVID-19 pandemic significantly decreased by 10.1%–26.8% compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic. The lengths of stay in frequent ED users during the COVID-19 pandemic were significantly shorter than that in frequent ED users before the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- YC Chou
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - YF Yen
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - DC Chu
- University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - HY Hu
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hu HY, Cheng FS, Yen YF, Lin SY, Weng SH, Chou YC, Chu DC, Chen CC. Mask reuse during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national survey in Taiwan. Eur J Public Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab165.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The use of masks is an effective measure to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection; however, mask reuse is not recommended. Studies examining the factors associated with mask reuse during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic are limited. This nationwide survey aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with mask reuse among Taiwanese citizens during the pandemic.
Methods
From May 18 through May 31, 2020, a computer-assisted telephone interview system was used to randomly select Taiwanese citizens who were interviewed for COVID-19 preventive behaviors and knowledge on the usage of masks. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with mask reuse during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to analyze the rate of mask reuse among participants before and during the pandemic.
Results
For a total of 1,075 participants, the overall mean age was 57.4 years, and 82.2% of participants reported mask reuse during the COVID-19 pandemic. After controlling for other covariates, participants who had a greater knowledge on mask usage or had a high supply of masks were less likely to reuse masks during the pandemic. GEE analysis showed that compared with the participants' mask wearing behaviors before the COVID-19 pandemic, they were more likely to reuse masks during the pandemic.
Conclusions
The rate of mask reuse among the general population during the pandemic was significantly higher than that before the pandemic. Individuals were less likely to reuse masks if they had adequate knowledge on mask usage or had a high supply of masks. Since mask reuse is associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 due to the possibility of wearing SAS-CoV-2-contaminated masks, it is imperative to educate people on the correct usage of masks. Further, the government should provide sufficient masks to the general population to decrease the reuse of masks.
Key messages
Mask reuse increased during the COVID-19 pandemic due to the shortage in supply. It is imperative to educate people about the correct usage of masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- HY Hu
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - FS Cheng
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - YF Yen
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - SY Lin
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - SH Weng
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - YC Chou
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - DC Chu
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - CC Chen
- National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zhou F, Hu HY, Li DX, Tan LG, Zhang Q, Gao HT, Sun HL, Tian XL, Shi MW, Zhang FL, Li CW. Exploring the Biological and Molecular Characteristics of Resistance to Fludioxonil in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum From Soybean in China. Plant Dis 2021; 105:1936-1941. [PMID: 33044139 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-20-1621-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most damaging and economically important necrotrophic plant pathogens, infecting more than 400 plant species globally. Although the phenylpyrrole fungicide fludioxonil has high activity against S. sclerotiorum, reports indicate that there is also substantial potential for the development of fungicide resistance. However, the current study investigating five fludioxonil-resistant laboratory mutants found a significant fitness cost associated with fludioxonil resistance resulting in significantly (P < 0.05) reduced mycelial growth and sclerotia formation on potato dextrose agar as well as significantly (P < 0.05) lower pathogenicity on detached tomato leaves, with one mutant, LK-1R, completely losing the capacity to cause infection. In addition, all of the fludioxonil-resistant mutants had significantly (P < 0.05) increased sensitivity to osmotic stress (0.5 M of potassium chloride and 1.0 M of glucose), which is consistent with the proposed fludioxonil target sites within the high osmolarity glycerol stress response mitogen-activated protein kinase (HOG1-MAPK) signaling transduction pathway. Sequence analysis of six genes from this two-component pathway, including SsHk, SsYpd, SsSk1, SsSk2, SsPbs, and SsHog, revealed several mutations that may be associated with fludioxonil resistance. For example, six separate point mutations were found in SsHk that led to changes in the predicted amino acid sequence, including A136G, F249V, G353A, E560K, M610K, and K727R. Similarly, SsPbs had three mutations (D34G, S46L, and L337E), SsSk1 and SsYpd had two (S53G and A795V for SsSk1, and E67G and Y141H for SsYpd), and SsHog and SsSk2 had one each (V220A and S763P, respectively). To our knowledge, these constitute the first reports of amino acid changes in proteins of the HOG1-MAPK pathway being associated with fludioxonil resistance in S. sclerotiorum. This study also showed a positive cross-resistance between fludioxonil and dimethachlone and procymidone, but none with tebuconazole or carbendazim, indicating that the inclusion of tebuconazole within an integrated pest management program could reduce the risk of fludioxonil resistance developing in field populations of S. sclerotiorum and ensure the sustainable production of soybeans in China into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zhou
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide and Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - H Y Hu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - D X Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - L G Tan
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide and Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide and Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - H T Gao
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - H L Sun
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - X L Tian
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide and Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - M W Shi
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide and Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - F L Zhang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide and Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - C W Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
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Yu SC, Zhu SB, Hu HY, Ding GQ. [Robot-assisted nephroureterectomy requiring no robot redocking or patient repositioning: experience from a single center with 62 cases]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 59:530-534. [PMID: 34102740 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20200814-00643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To examine a new technique of robot-assisted nephroureterectomy without robot reldocking or patient repositioning. Methods: Patients diagnosed as upper tract urothelial carcinoma treated with this modality between November 2015 and January 2019 at Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine were included in this analysis. Data collection including patient demographics, operative procedure and postoperative morbidities were conducted by retrospective charts review, after receiving the institutional review board's approval. There were 35 males and 27 females with a median age of 70 years (range: 30 to 91 years) underwent single docking robot-assisted nephroureterectomy without repositioning. Among the 62 cases, 37 patients had pelvic carcinoma while 25 patients had ureteral carcinoma (with proximal portion 12 cases, middle portion 5 cases and distal portion 8 cases). The patient was placed in a 60 to 80-degree, modified flank position with a 15-degree Trendelenburg tilt. The contralateral arm was positioned perpendicular to the torso on an arm board while the ipsilateral arm was taped to the patient's side with ample padding. The robot cart was then docked at a 90-degree angle, perpendicular to the patient. A "W"-shape, three robotic-arm configurations was used for port placement. Results: The surgical procedures were performed successfully in all the 62 patients. The operation time was (171.6±54.7) minutes (range: 60 to 370 minutes). The estimated blood loss during the operation was 50(50) ml (range: 20 to 400 ml) with 4 patients had transfusion. No perioperative death was encountered. Eleven patients had post-operative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade 2) including 3 cases of hemorrhage and 8 cases of chylous leakage. All cases were regularly followed up with a median time of 37 months (range: 17 to 55 months). There were 8, 30, 19, 4 and 1 case followed up for 48, 36, 24, 18 and less than 18 months, respectively. Three patients had reginal recurrences and 11 cases of distant metastasis occurred, with 5 patients died for cancer. The survival rate within 24 months was estimated as 75.4%(43/57). Conclusion: Robot-assisted nephroureterectomy without robot redocking or patient repositioning could be safely reproduced, with surgical outcomes comparable to other established techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Yu
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - S B Zhu
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - H Y Hu
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - G Q Ding
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
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16
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Wang XT, Wang ZT, Hu HY, Qu Y, Wang M, Shen XN, Xu W, Dong Q, Tan L, Yu JT. Association of Subjective Cognitive Decline with Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Longitudinal Studies. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2021; 8:277-285. [PMID: 34101784 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2021.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) as an early pathological manifestation of brain aging has become more prevalent among older adults. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the associations of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) with the combined risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. DESIGN We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis via searching Embase, PubMed and Cochrane electronic databases from January 1 st 1970 to June 4th, 2020. SETTING Prospective cohort studies Participants: Healthy individuals were recruited from community, clinics and population. MEASUREMENTS Healthy individuals with SCD were classified into exposure groups, while those without were considered as the reference group. Adjusted relative risks (RR) were estimated in a random-effects model. Both primary and subgroup analyses were conducted. RESULTS Of 28,895 identified studies, 21 studies containing 22 cohorts were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. SCD increased the risk of subsequent cognitive disorders (RR=2.12, 95% confidence intervals [CI] =1.75-2.58, I2=87%, P<0.01). To be specific, SCD conferred a 2.29-fold excess risk for cognitive impairment (RR=2.29, 95% CI=1.66-3.17, I2=83%, P<0.01) and a 2.16-fold excess risk for dementia (RR=2.16, 95% CI=1.63-2.86, I2=81%, P<0.01). In subgroup analyses, participants with SCD in the subgroup of 65-75 years old, long-education (>15 years) subgroup and subgroup of clinics showed a higher risk of developing objective cognitive disorders. CONCLUSIONS SCD is associated with an increased combined risk of cognitive impairment and incident dementia and should be considered a risk factor for objective cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-T Wang
- Prof. Jin-Tai Yu, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai 200040, China; Or Prof. Lan Tan, MD, PhD, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, China. E-mail address: (J.T. Yu); (L. Tan)
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Zhou F, Li DX, Hu HY, Song YL, Fan YC, Guan YY, Song PW, Wei QC, Yan HF, Li CW. Biological Characteristics and Molecular Mechanisms of Fludioxonil Resistance in Fusarium graminearum in China. Plant Dis 2020; 104:2426-2433. [PMID: 32658633 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-20-0079-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is the primary causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat. The phenylpyrrole fungicide fludioxonil is not currently registered for the management of FHB in China. The current study assessed the fludioxonil sensitivity of a total of 53 F. graminearum isolates collected from the six most important wheat-growing provinces of China during 2018 and 2019. The baseline fludioxonil sensitivity distribution indicated that all of the isolates were sensitive, exhibiting a unimodal cure with a mean effective concentration for 50% inhibition value of 0.13 ± 0.12 μg/ml (standard deviation). Five fludioxonil-resistant mutants were subsequently induced by exposure to fludioxonil under laboratory conditions. Ten successive rounds of subculture in the absence of the selection pressure indicated that the mutation was stably inherited. However, the fludioxonil-resistant mutants were found to have reduced pathogenicity, higher glycerol accumulation, and higher osmotic sensitivity than the parental wild-type isolates, indicating that there was a fitness cost associated with fludioxonil resistance. In addition, the study also found a positive cross resistance between fludioxonil, procymidone, and iprodione, but not with other fungicides such as boscalid, carbendazim, tebuconazole, and fluazinam. Sequence analysis of four candidate target genes (FgOs1, FgOs2, FgOs4, and FgOs5) revealed that the HBXT2R mutant contained two point mutations that resulted in amino acid changes at K223T and K415R in its FgOs1 protein, and one point mutation at residue 520 of its FgOs5 protein that resulted in a premature stop codon. Similarly, the three other mutants contained point mutations that resulted in changes at the K192R, K293R, and K411R residues of the FgOs5 protein but none in the FgOs2 and FgOs4 genes. However, it is important to point out that the FgOs2 and FgOs4 expression of all the fludioxonil-resistant mutants was significantly (P < 0.05) downregulated compared with the sensitive isolates (except for the SQ1-2 isolate). It was also found that one of the resistant mutants did not have changes in any of the sequenced target genes, indicating that an alternative mechanism could also lead to fludioxonil resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zhou
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Fertilizer Developmental and Collaborative Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - D X Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - H Y Hu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Y L Song
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Fertilizer Developmental and Collaborative Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Y C Fan
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Fertilizer Developmental and Collaborative Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Y Y Guan
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - P W Song
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Q C Wei
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - H F Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - C W Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
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Hu HY, Zhang EP, Li B, Cheng XQ, Zhang GL, Shi L, Shi GG. [Reconstruction of orbital floor defect with preserved orbital contents after advanced maxillary sinus cancer resection]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 55:29-33. [PMID: 31954385 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the method and effect of reconstruction of the orbital floor defect with preserved orbital contents after advanced maxillary sinus cancer resection. Methods: Thirty-three patients of T3/T4 stage maxillary sinus cancer with orbital invasion who were treated in Shandong Provincial Hospital from January 2010 to October 2016 were retrospectively analyzed, including 20 males and 13 females, aged from 12 to 80 years old. Patients were treated with appropriate surgical methods according to their clinical manifestation, imaging finding, invasion range, preoperative and intraoperative pathology. Surgical approaches such as maxillectomy, expanded maxillectomy and superstructure maxillectomy were used for patients with Medpor orbit floor repairment. Patients were followed up regularly after surgery, and the surgical efficacy was discussed by descriptive statistical method. Results: Of those 33 cases, 19 were squamous cell carcinoma, 8 were adenoid cystic carcinoma, 5 were inverted papilloma malignant transformation, and 1 was myoepithelial carcinoma in our study. After tumor resection and orbital floor repair, the orbital contents and eyeball function of all patients remained intact. During follow-up time ranged from 3 to 8 years, a total of 6 patients relapsed at 3 years and died of ineffective treatment. The survival rate was 81.8% (27/33). Conclusion: Tumor resection and Medpor orbital floor repair in maxillary sinus cancer patients with orbital invasion can preserve the function of the eyeball well, greatly improve the quality of patient's life.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan 250022, China
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Fang CH, Zhang P, Luo HL, Zhu W, Zeng SL, Hu HY, Xiang N, Yang J, Zeng N, Fan YF, Jia FC, Liu LX. [Application of augmented-reality surgical navigation technology combined with ICG molecular fluorescence imaging in laparoscopic hepatectomy]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 57:578-584. [PMID: 31422626 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To study the application value of augmented-reality (AR) surgical navigation technology combined with indocyanine green (ICG) molecular fluorescence imaging in three-dimensional (3D) laparoscopic hepatectomy. Methods: The clinical data of forty-eight patients who had undergone 3D laparoscopic hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma at First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University from January 2018 to April 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into two groups: the group of 3D laparoscopic hepatectomy navigated by augment reality technology combined with ICG molecular fluorescence imaging (Group A) , and group of conventional 3D laparoscopic hepatectomy (Group B) . Patients in Group A (n=23) underwent 3D laparoscopic hepatectomy using augmented-reality technology combined with ICG molecular fluorescence imaging. In this group, the self-developed three-dimensional laparoscopic augmented-reality surgical navigation system (No. 2018SR840555) was operated to project the preoperative three-dimensional model to the surgical field, and the use of this system in combination with ICG molecular fluorescence imaging navigated laparoscopic hepatectomy. No surgical navigation technology was applied in Group B (n=25) . All patients signed the informed consent, which were in accordance with the requirements of medical ethics (Ethics No.: 2018-GDYK-003) . The preoperative data, surgical indicators and postoperative complications between the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results: The median amount of intraoperative blood loss of Group A was 250 (200) ml (M (Q(R)) ) , which was significantly lower than that of Group B (300 (150) ml) (Z=-2.307, P=0.021) .The transfusion rate of Group A was 13.0% (3/23) , which was significantly lower than that of Group B (40.0%, 10/25) (χ(2)=4.408, P=0.036) .The median postoperative hospitalization time of Group A was 8 (2) d, which was significantly shorter than that of Group B (11 (6.5) d) (Z=-2.694, P=0.007) . There were no serious complications and perioperative death in both groups.The incidence of postoperative complications in Group A was 17.4% (4/23) , which was not significantly different from that in group B (28%, 7/25) (χ(2)=0.763, P=0.382) . Conclusion: Augmented-reality surgical navigation technology combined with ICG molecular fluorescence imaging has better effect in 3D laparoscopic hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Fang
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - P Zhang
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - H L Luo
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - W Zhu
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - S L Zeng
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - H Y Hu
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - N Xiang
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - J Yang
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - N Zeng
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Y F Fan
- First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Clinical and Engineering Center of Digital Medicine, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - F C Jia
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - L X Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
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Jia GS, Li JP, Hu HY, Zhao CL, Jiang HJ. [Application of adaptie statistical iterative reconstruction technology combined with low tube voltage in three phase enhanced low dose liver scanning]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:198-203. [PMID: 30669763 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the application value of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) combined with low tube voltage in three-stage enhanced low-dose scan of liver. Methods: From March 2017 to November 2017, two groups which each group included 50 patients were randomly selected at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University with different stages of arterial phase, delayed phase and portal vein scanning. GE Discovery CT 750 HD Liver CT Ⅲ was used during enhanced scanning. A total of 100 patients included 56 males and 44 females, aged 27-73 years old and 42 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 44 patients with hepatic hemangioma, and 14 patients with other diseases. The arterial and delayed period of group A patients were scanned with a low dose of 100 kV+ASIR, and the portal vein phase was conventional. Dosage scanning was 120 kV+FPP; the arterial and delayed period of group B was normal dose scanning, 120 kV+FPP, and the portal vein phase was low dose scanning, 100 kV+ASIR. At the same time, FBP reconstruction was used for all low-dose scanning phases to obtain low-dose images under normal reconstruction mode. The objective evaluation index of image quality was analyzed by completely randomized design analysis of variance, and Dunnett-t test was used to compare the two groups. For the subjective evaluation part, the rank sum test of multiple groups was used. Results: ASIR combined with low tube voltage enhanced low dose scanning in the third phase of the liver, and the radiation dose decreased by 37% in the low dose group compared with the normal dose group. There was no statistically significant difference between the low dose group (100 kV+ASIR) and the normal dose group (120 kV+FPP) in subjective image quality evaluation (P>0.05); objective evaluation of image quality except for low dose(100 kV+ASIR) portal stage noise slightly worse than conventional dose group (120 kV+FBP) (low dose 10.86±1.98, conventional dose 9.40±2.12, P<0.05), the other indexes in each period were superior or indifferent to the normal dose group. Conclusion: ASIR technique combined with low tube voltage can be used in the third phase of liver enhanced low-dose scanning and the image quality is improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Jia
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - J P Li
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - H Y Hu
- Office of Science and Technology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - C L Zhao
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - H J Jiang
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
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21
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Chen CT, Hu HY, Chang YT, Li CP, Wu CY. Cancer is not a risk factor for bullous pemphigoid: 10-year population-based cohort study. Br J Dermatol 2018; 180:553-558. [PMID: 30216411 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common autoimmune bullous disease. Whether there is an increased risk for subsequent BP among patients with cancer is still unclear. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the risk for subsequent BP in patients with cancer. METHODS This nationwide population-based cohort study was based on data obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database between 2000 and 2011. A total of 36 838 patients with cancer and 147 352 age-, sex- and index-date-matched controls were recruited. The hazard ratio (HR) of subsequent BP in the patients with cancer was analysed using a Fine-Gray competing risk regression model with mortality as the competing event. RESULTS The incidence of BP per 100 000 person-years was 17·2 in the patients with cancer and 19·8 in the controls; therefore, the crude incidence rate ratio was 0·87 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0·53-1·36]. The HR of subsequent BP in the patients with cancer was 0·47 (95% CI 0·23-0·94) using the Fine-Gray competing risk regression model. Age (HR 1·05, 95% CI 1·03-1·07), diabetes mellitus (HR 1·69, 95% CI 1·10-2·59) and cerebrovascular disease (HR 2·14, 95% CI 1·36-3·34) were independent risk factors for BP. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of BP in patients with cancer was not higher than in the control group. Cancer is not a risk factor for BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H Y Hu
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Public Health and Department of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y T Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C P Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C Y Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Xiao PP, Lu J, Hu HY, Xu XQ, Ding P, Fu GF, Huan XP, Zhou Y, Yang HT. [Drug resistance mutations and its associated factors among 579 HIV/AIDS patients experiencing failure of antiretroviral therapy in Jiangsu Province, China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 51:988-993. [PMID: 29136743 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the incidence and related factors of HIV-1 drug resistance among HIV/AIDS patients experiencing treatment failure in Jiangsu province, China. Methods: The HIV/AIDS integrated prevention and control data information management system of China were used to collect the basic data of patients, blood specimens were collected from patients who had antiretroviral therapy (ART) failure with ≥12 months and older than 18 years in 2016 in Jiangsu, excluding cases with missing information, 713 cases were enrolled in this study. HIV-1 RNA was extracted, and then pol gene region was amplified and sequenced. The obtain sequences were submitted to Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database to interpret and analyse HIV-1 drug resistance and sub-types. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the related factors of drug resistance. Results: A total of 579 subjects were amplified successfully, male accounted for 85.66% (496 cases), and the median age was 39 years old. The main route of infection was sexual transmission (553 cases, 95.51%). A total of 331 patients with drug resistance gene mutation were detected, drug resistance mutation rate was 57.18%. Compared with patients with baseline CD4(+)T cell count >500 cells/μl, patients with CD4(+)T cell count in 201-500 cells/mm(3) and ≤200 cells/μl had a higher incidence of genetic drug resistance, the odds ratio was 3.33 and 6.87, respectively. Compared with patients with treatment less than 24 months, patients treated for 25-48 months had a higher incidence of drug resistance, the odds ratio was 1.88. Compared with patients infected by CRF07_BC strains, patients infected by CRF01_AE strains were associated with higher incidence of drug resistance, the odds ratio was 2.22 and 3.32, respectively. Protease inhibitor (PI) resistance mutations, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) were found in 3.80%, 33.16% and 53.37% of patients, respectively. 31.95% of patients harbored NRTI and NNRTI resistance mutations simultaneously. M184V/I and K103N/Q were the highest frequency of NRTI and NNRTI resistance mutation, the prevalence of M184V/I and K103N/Q were 28.15% and 22.28%, respectively. Conclusion: The status of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations are complex and diverse among patients experiencing failure of ART in Jiangsu. Patients with lower baseline CD4(+)T cell count, longer treatment time and HIV-1 CRF01_AE and B strains infection were associated with higher incidence of drug resistance mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Li Q, Triapitsyn SV, Wang C, Zhong W, Hu HY. Biological traits and the complex of parasitoids of the elm pest Orchestes steppensis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Xinjiang, China. Bull Entomol Res 2018; 108:48-57. [PMID: 28578717 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485317000499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The flee-weevil Orchestes steppensis Korotyaev (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a steppe eastern Palaearctic species, notable as a serious pest of elms (Ulmus spp., Ulmaceae), by feeding on the leaves (adults) or mining them heavily (larvae), especially of Ulmus pumila L. in Xinjiang, China. We have corrected the previous misidentifications of this weevil in China as O. alni (L.) or O. mutabilis Boheman and demonstrated that it is likely to be an invasive species in Xinjiang. Prior to this study, natural enemies of O. steppensis were unknown in Xinjiang. Resulting from field investigation and rearing in the laboratory during 2013-2016, seven parasitoid species were found to be primary and solitary, attacking larval and pupal stages of the host weevil. Pteromalus sp. 2 is the dominant species and also is the most competitive among the seven parasitoids, which could considered to be a perspective biological control agent of O. steppensis. Yet, the current control of this pest by the local natural enemies in Xinjiang is still currently inefficient, even though in 2016 parasitism was about 36% on U. pumila in Urumqi, so the potential for a classical biological control program against it needs to be further investigated, including an assessment of its parasitoids and other natural enemies in the native range of O. steppensis. The presented information on the natural enemies of this weevil can be also important for a potential classical biological control program against it in North America (Canada and USA), where it is a highly damaging and rapidly spreading invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Li
- College of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046,China
| | - S V Triapitsyn
- Entomology Research Museum,Department of Entomology,University of California,Riverside,California 92521,USA
| | - C Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046,China
| | - W Zhong
- College of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046,China
| | - H-Y Hu
- College of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046,China
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Lai YJ, Hu HY, Lee YL, Ku PW, Yen YF, Chu D. Association between obesity and risk of chronic kidney disease: A nationwide Cohort study in Taiwan. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:1008-1014. [PMID: 28986076 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Increased body fat relates to enhanced inflammatory cytokine production, which, in turn, activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and increases the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Herein, we aimed to examine the association between obesity and the risk of CKD in a population-representative cohort in Taiwan. METHODS AND RESULTS A multistage systematic sampling process was applied in the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2000, 2005, and 2009. Participants were interviewed by a standardized face-to-face questionnaire to obtain information on their demographics, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, and body mass index (BMI). The BMI values were classified as follows: underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5-23.9 kg/m2), overweight (24-26.9 kg/m2), and obesity (≥27 kg/m2). The NHIS dataset was linked to National Health Insurance claims data to identify the incidence of CKD. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models with competing risks were used to investigate the association between BMI and CKD incidence. We analyzed 45,012 subjects (mean age, 42.03 years; 50.09% males). During 374,254 person-years of follow-up, a total of 1913 new-onset CKD cases were identified. Kaplan-Meier curves comparing the four BMI groups revealed a significant difference (p < 0.01, log-rank test). After controlling for confounding factors, the relative risk of incident CKD was significantly higher in the obese group compared to the normal-weight group (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.32; 95% confidence interval: 1.17-1.49), with a significant linear trend (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Obesity was suggested as an independent risk factor for CKD. Further studies focusing on the effect of losing weight on CKD prevention are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-J Lai
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Puli Branch of Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Nantou, Taiwan; Department of Exercise Health Science, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - H-Y Hu
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-L Lee
- Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - P-W Ku
- Graduate Institute of Sports and Health, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Y-F Yen
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Section of Infectious Diseases, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei City Government, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Health and Welfare, College of City Management, University of Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - D Chu
- Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Yen YF, Hu HY, Lee YL, Ku PW, Lin IF, Chu D, Lai YJ. Obesity/overweight reduces the risk of active tuberculosis: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Taiwan. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 41:971-975. [PMID: 28280271 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity affects immune function by increasing the number of T helper lymphocytes, which may reduce the risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection. However, the effect of obesity on TB development has not been extensively studied. This nationwide population-based cohort study investigated the effect of obesity on TB development in Taiwanese adults. METHODS We included 46 028 adult participants (age ⩾18 years) from three rounds (2001, 2005 and 2009) of the Taiwan National Health Interview Survey. Obesity and overweight were defined as a body mass index (BMI) ⩾27 and 24-26.9 (kg/m2), respectively. Data on BMI and other covariates at baseline were collected by in-person interviews. Incident cases of active TB were identified from the National Health Insurance database. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the associations of obesity and overweight with active TB, with adjustment for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, socioeconomic status and other covariates. RESULTS In total, 241 new cases of active TB occurred during the study period. Obesity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.43; 95% confident interval [CI], 0.28-0.67) and overweight (AOR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.49-0.91) were associated with lower risk of incident TB, after adjusting for demographic characteristics and comorbidities. There was a linear dose-response relation of BMI with active TB incidence (AOR per unit change in BMI, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.88-0.95; P <0.001). CONCLUSION Obesity and overweight are associated with lower risk of active TB. Future studies should investigate the underlying mechanisms and clinical and epidemiological consequences of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-F Yen
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei City Government, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Health and Welfare, College of City Management, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H-Y Hu
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-L Lee
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - P-W Ku
- Graduate Institute of Sports and Health, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - I-F Lin
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - D Chu
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-J Lai
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Puli Branch of Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Nantou, Taiwan.,Department of Exercise Health Science, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan
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He LM, Deng ZH, Hu HY, Zhen JX, Liu ZH. Identification and characterization of the novel KIR2DL1*030 allele by sequence-based typing in a southern Chinese Han individual. HLA 2017; 89:263-264. [PMID: 28164468 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
KIR2DL1*030 differs from KIR2DL1*00302 by a single non-synonymous mutation in exon 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-M He
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Z-H Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - H-Y Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - J-X Zhen
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Z-H Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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Wu TY, Hu HY, Lin SY, Chie WC, Yang RS, Liaw CK. Trends in hip fracture rates in Taiwan: a nationwide study from 1996 to 2010. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:653-665. [PMID: 27858121 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3783-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There was an initial increase and a later decrease in hip fracture rates in Taiwan between 1996 and 2010 (457.9 to 390.0 fractures per 100,000 people per year). Mortality rates decreased but re-emerged later (2.26 to 1.91 deaths per 100 hip fracture admissions). The turning point for change in trends was 2003. INTRODUCTION Fractures of the proximal femur remain a major cause of mortality and morbidity. We aimed to examine recent trends in hip fracture rates, in-hospital mortality rates, and length of hospital stay (LOS) due to hip fractures in people aged 55 and over in Taiwan. METHODS This is a time-trend study. We used data from the National Health Insurance Research Database between 1996 and 2010 in Taiwan. Insurants aged 55 and over were included. The outcome measures were age-adjusted hip fracture rates, age-adjusted in-hospital mortality rates, and LOS due to hip fractures. We classified hip fractures into femoral neck, trochanteric, and subtrochanteric fractures. RESULTS We identified 250,919 hospitalizations for hip fractures. The total number of hip fractures increased steadily from 12,479 to 19,841 cases. There was a trend towards initial increase and then later decrease in hip fracture rates (from 457.9 to 390.0 fractures per 100,000 people per year). LOS decreased by 46.5 % (17.53 to 9.38 days). By contrast, mortality rates for hip fractures decreased initially, but re-emerged later with a total decrement of 15.5 % (2.26 to 1.91 deaths per 100 hip fracture admissions). Women outnumbered men in all types of hip fractures, but men had higher in hospital mortality rates. LOS was similar between genders and among age groups. The turning point for change in trends was year 2003. CONCLUSIONS While LOS shortened gradually since 1996, the absolute number of hip fractures in Taiwan continues to rise. There is still room for improvement in reducing mortality due to hip fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Wu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, 5F, No. 17, Hsu-Chow Rd., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Renai Branch, Taipei City Hospital, 10F, No. 10, Sec. 4, Ren-Ai Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - H Y Hu
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, 10F, No. 10, Sec. 4, Ren-Ai Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health and Department of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec. 2, Li-nong St., Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, 10F, No. 10, Sec. 4, Ren-Ai Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - W C Chie
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, 5F, No. 17, Hsu-Chow Rd., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, 5F, No. 17, Hsu-Chow Rd., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - R S Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 11F, No.7, Chung-Shan S. Rd., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - C K Liaw
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 11F, No.7, Chung-Shan S. Rd., Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, No. 95, Wen-Chang Rd., Taipei, 111, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhong-Zheng Rd., Xin-Zhuang Dist, New Taipei, 242, Taiwan.
- Department of Healthcare Information and Management, Ming Chuan University, No.5, De-Ming Rd., Gui-Shan Dist, Taoyuan County, 333, Taiwan.
- , 5F, No. 11, Aly. 25, Lan. 208, Rui-an St., Taipei, 10661, Taiwan.
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Mei XS, Guo HM, Zhang Y, Zhu RF, Nie GH, Hu HY. [Recent and long-term hearing outcomes in the cases after open tympanoplasty using titanium ossicular prosthesis]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 30:1803-1805. [PMID: 29798488 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.22.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To analyze recent and long-term hearing outcomes of the patients with chronic otitis media after open tympanoplasty using titanium ossicular prosthesis. Method:Retrospectively analyzed total 84 cases after open tympanoplaty with titanium ossicular prosthesis. The hearing outcomes before and after surgery(6 months and 24 months) were compared. Result:The hearing levels in the cases were improved to different degrees after surgery.Significant differences were showed compared the average pure tone threshold/air bone gap before surgery with the average recent/long-term outcomes after surgery(P<0.01),and no significant difference could be found compared the recent and long-term outcomes after surgery. Conclusion:Hearing level could be improved in the patients after open tympanoplasty using titianium ossicular prosthesis,and the long-term outcome could be steady.
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Affiliation(s)
- X S Mei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Human Auditory Balance Engineering Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - H M Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Human Auditory Balance Engineering Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Human Auditory Balance Engineering Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - R F Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Human Auditory Balance Engineering Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - G H Nie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Human Auditory Balance Engineering Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - H Y Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Human Auditory Balance Engineering Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518036, China
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Tang PP, Hu HY, Gao JS, Hu J, Zhong YF, Wang T, Song YN, Zhou XY, Yang JQ, Liu JT, Pan J, Shi HF. [Evaluation of efficacy and safety of pelvic arterial embolization in women with primary postpartum hemorrhage]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2016; 51:81-6. [PMID: 26917474 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-567x.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pelvic arterial embolization (PAE) in women with intractable primary postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). METHODS Clinical data of 36 cases were analyzed retrospectively in which women underwent PAE for intractable primary PPH in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between Jan 2006 and Jan 2015. The success rate of PAE were measured and possible predictive risk factors associated with treatment failure were analyzed. The complications secondary to PAE were also recorded. RESULTS (1) The etiology of PPH. Among the 36 cases, 21 patients delivered viginally (Group VD) and 15 received cesarean section (Group CS). The most frequent cause of PPH was uterine atony (72%, 26/36). The less common causes were placental problems (28%, 10/36), genital tract trauma (6%, 2/36) and coagulation defects (3%, 1/36) in turn. Three patients (8%, 3/36) had combined causes. (2) Interventions before PAE. Uterotonic medications were used in all patients. 31 patients received carboprost methylate suppositorites, 27 received carbetocin and 31 received carboprost tromethamine. Besides, 20 patients received one or more surgical interventions before PAE. PAE was performed when these interventions failed. (3) Characteristics of PAE. Altogether 78 arteries were embolized in 36 cases. Embolization of bilateral uterine arteries was performed in 31 cases, right internal iliac artery and bilateral inferior epigastric arteries were embolized in one case. Right internal pudendal artery, bilateral uterine arteries and bilateral internal iliac arteries were embolized in one case. And bilateral uterine arteries, bilateral internal iliac arteries were embolized in one case. In the other 2 cases, bilateral internal iliac arteries were embolized. (4) Efficacy of PAE. The overall technical success rate of PAE was 100%(36/36), while the clinical success rate was 94%(34/36). All patients survived. (5) Complications of PAE. 15 patients were transferred to ICU after PAE for 1 to 7 days. Except self-limited fever, no puncture site hematoma, buttock necrosis or vessel rupture was observed. The effect on menstrual cycle and fertility were followed in 25 patients. 17 (68%, 17/25) reported resumption of normal menses and 8 (32%, 8/25) reported amenorrhea. Three pregnancies after PAE were observed. CONCLUSION PAE is a safe and effective treatment for intractable primary PPH which can prevent hysterectomy and preserve fertility of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Abstract
Dyszoospermia due to genetic factors is the leading cause of male infertility. To explore the correlation between azoospermia factor (AZF) microdeletion of the Y chromosome and male infertility, we evaluated AZF microdeletion on the long arm of the Y chromosome in 166 infertile males and 50 fertile males using multiplex polymerase chain reactions amplification and gel electrophoresis. The results demonstrated that 28 individuals had varying degrees of microdeletion in the AZF region (16.90%); 12 out of the 76 males with azoospermia and 16 out of the 90 males with oligospermia had AZF microdeletion. AZF microdeletion was not observed in any of the healthy controls. In addition, 53.60% of the AZF microdeletions occurred in the AZFc region. It can be concluded that AZF microdeletion on the long arm of the Y chromosome can result in male spermatogenesis dysfunction. Detection of AZF microdeletion can provide a theoretical basis for genetic counseling, as well as improve the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- X G Liu
- Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - H Y Hu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, China
| | - Y H Guo
- Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Y P Sun
- Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Chen W, Fang L, Liu JL, He Z, Hu HY. Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci for Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:1798-801. [PMID: 25867324 DOI: 10.4238/2015.march.13.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The parasitoid wasp Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani) is a common pupal parasitoid of many fly pests that is distributed worldwide. This organism can be used for biological control in orchards or livestock farms. Identifying polymorphic microsatellite loci would be useful for analyzing the population genetic structure of the parasitoid. In the current study, based on a modified biotin-capture method, 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized for the insect, 7 of which did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The allelic number per locus varied from 3-7 (N = 30). The expected and observed heterozygosities of 10 loci ranged from 0.369-0.775 and from 0.300-0.867, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - L Fang
- Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - J L Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Z He
- Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - H Y Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
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Peng YL, Hu HY, Luo JC, Hou MC, Lin HC, Lee FY. Alendronate, a bisphosphonate, increased upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding: risk factor analysis from a nationwide population-based study. Osteoporos Int 2014; 25:1617-23. [PMID: 24566586 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-014-2647-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Patients receiving alendronate for osteoporosis carry a significantly higher risk of developing upper gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) and lower GIB (hazard ratio 1.32 and 1.84, respectively) after adjusting for potential confounding factors such as age, gender, co-morbidity, and some medications. The risk factors associated with GIB were further analyzed. INTRODUCTION Patients receiving alendronate, a type of bisphosphonate, for osteoporosis have a higher risk of developing upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). Whether patients receiving alendronate also have a higher risk of lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) has not been studied. In this study, we investigated the association between GIB and alendronate use and to identify the possible risk factors of GIB among alendronate users. METHODS Using the National Health Insurance (NHI) Research Database of Taiwan, 3,000 alendronate users and 12,000 age-, sex-, and enrollment time-matched controls were extracted for analysis from a cohort data set of 1,000,000 randomly sampled subjects. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to identify the risk factors for UGIB and LGIB in all enrollees and alendronate users after adjustments for age, gender, comorbidity (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, heart failure, chronic renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peptic ulcer, and cirrhosis), and medications (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs], aspirin, steroids, clopidogrel, ticlopidine, warfarin, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors). RESULTS During a median of 1.30-year follow-up, patients receiving alendronate had significant higher risk of UGIB and LGIB after adjusting for age, gender, and potential confounding factors such as comorbidity and medications. Age, chronic renal disease, NSAID, and clopidogrel use may be independent risk factors for UGIB among alendronate users. Age, male gender, clopidogrel, and ticlopidine use may be independent risk factors for LGIB among alendronate users. CONCLUSION Patients receiving alendronates seemed to carry a higher risk for UGIB and LGIB, respectively, after adjustment for age, sex, underlying comorbidity, and certain medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-L Peng
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, #155, Linong Street, Section 2, Taipei City, 11217, Taiwan
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Wang J, Luo B, Xie Y, Hu HY, Feng L, Li ZN. Evaluation methods on the nutritional status of stroke patients. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2014; 18:3902-3907. [PMID: 25555882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to assess the effect of particular tools on the nutritional status of patients with stroke risk factors; to analyze these risk factors; to construct an assessment table; and to enable nurses to conduct fast and accurate assessment of the nutritional status of patients with stroke. PATIENTS AND METHODS Various nutritional assessment tools were employed to assess the nutritional status of stroke patients [(Nutritional Risk Screening 2002, NRS2002); (mini nutritional assessment, MNA), (subjective global assessment SGA), (malnutrition universal screening, MUST); (body composition, BCA)]. The leading disease-related factors of cerebral apoplexy were observed in patients with malnutrition. And a statistical analysis was conducted. RESULTS The significant risk factors of cerebral apoplexy in malnourished patients older than 70 years were swallowing dysfunctions, disturbance of consciousness and reliance or half-reliance on feeding practices. The significant risk factors of malnutrition in patients with cerebral apoplexy were the decline in upper limb muscle strength, decline in the performance of various activities, loss of appetite and gastrointestinal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Disorders that affect the nutritional status of stroke patients can be used as evaluation tools, as described in the evaluation table. The clinical relevance of this study includes the following: to enable the clinical nursing staff to easily assess the patient's nutritional status in a timely manner; to improve compliance with nutritional evaluation; to provide clinical nutrition support to patients with stroke; and to provide a scientific basis for the improvement of the clinical outcomes of patients with cerebral apoplexy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Department of Nutrition, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Lin CC, Hu HY, Luo JC, Peng YL, Hou MC, Lin HC, Lee FY. Risk factors of gastrointestinal bleeding in clopidogrel users: a nationwide population-based study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2013; 38:1119-28. [PMID: 24099473 DOI: 10.1111/apt.12483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in clopidogrel users have not been identified. AIM To clarify whether clopidogrel use is a risk factor for upper GIB (UGIB) and lower GIB (LGIB) and identify the risk factors in clopidogrel users. METHODS Using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, 3238 clopidogrel users and 12,952 age-, sex-, and enrolment time-matched controls in a 1:4 ratio were extracted for comparison from a cohort dataset of 1,000,000 randomly sampled subjects. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to identify the independent risk factors for UGIB and LGIB in all enrollees and clopidogrel users after adjustments for age, gender, comorbidity [i.e., coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD), cirrhosis, uncomplicated peptic ulcer disease, and peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB)], and medications [e.g., nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, aspirin, steroids, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), warfarin and alendronate]. RESULTS Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that use of clopidogrel increased the risk of UGIB [hazard ratio (HR): 3.66; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.96-4.51] and LGIB [HR: 3.52, 95% CI: 2.74-4.52]. Age, CKD, PUB history, use of aspirin and NSAIDs were independent risk factors for UGIB in the clopidogrel users. Age, CKD, PUB history, use of aspirin and SSRIs were independent risk factors for LGIB. CONCLUSIONS In clopidogrel users, age, CKD, PUB history, use of aspirin and NSAIDs are independent risk factors for UGIB; age, CKD, PUB history, use of aspirin and SSRIs are independent risk factors for LGIB.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-C Lin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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He H, Chen J, Xie WP, Cao S, Hu HY, Yang LQ, Gong B. Ketamine used as an acesodyne in human breast cancer therapy causes an undesirable side effect, upregulating anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2 expression. Genet Mol Res 2013; 12:1907-15. [PMID: 23315866 DOI: 10.4238/2013.january.4.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic agent that has been widely used in surgery and for relieving pain in chronic cancer patients. We applied ketamine to breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 to detect the effect of treatment and molecular mechanisms involved. We found that ketamine can upregulate the level of anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2, which promotes breast cancer cell invasion and proliferation. Knockdown of Bcl-2 could inhibit the increase of Bcl-2 and reduce the invasion and proliferation caused by ketamine in human breast cancer cells. Our findings provide new insight into the effects of ketamine in cancer treatment; we suggest that ketamine, which has been widely used in cancer operations and for relieving pain in chronic cancer patients, may be not the best choice because it can worsen the cancer through promotion of anti-apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Ma GC, Wu X, Ma CL, Wu HL, Hu HY, Niu LM, Fu YG. Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci in Aleurodicus dispersus (Hemiptera, Aleyrodidae). Genet Mol Res 2011; 10:2523-6. [PMID: 22009865 DOI: 10.4238/2011.october.18.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Ten microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized from Aleurodicus dispersus, the spiraling whitefly, an exotic pest species that is considered to be one of the most serious agricultural pests on Hainan Island, China. The polymorphism of these loci was examined in individual whiteflies from Hainan Island and from the Canary Islands. All loci were polymorphic, with two to four alleles per locus. Mean observed and expected heterozygosity values were 0.773 and 0.585, respectively. These microsatellite markers provide powerful tools for ecological, epidemiological and population genetic studies on this highly invasive insect. Thirty insects were collected and studied at each location. There were no differences between the two locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G-C Ma
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural and Forest Invasive Alien Pests, Ministry of Agriculture, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan, China
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Ma CL, Wu HL, Hu HY, Wu X, Ma GC, Fu YG, Peng ZQ. Isolation and characterization of eight polymorphic microsatellite loci for the coconut pest, Brontispa longissima (Coleoptera: Hispidae). Genet Mol Res 2011; 10:429-32. [PMID: 21425093 DOI: 10.4238/vol10-1gmr1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Brontispa longissima is one of the most serious insect pests of coconut in Southeast Asia; it was first discovered on Hainan Island in June 2002. Despite the economic risk associated with this pest, genetic aspects of the invasion process have remained relatively unexplored. Using microsatellite markers, we investigated the population structure, genetic variability and pattern of invasion in various geographic populations. The methodology was based on a modified biotin-capture method. Eight polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized for the pest. The allele number per locus varied from 2 to 3 (N = 30). The expected and observed heterozygosities of the eight loci ranged from 0.042 to 0.509 and from 0.042 to 0.963, respectively. Although the frequency of polymorphisms was not very high in this population, the microsatellite loci that were isolated will be useful for investigating the genetic diversity and migration routes of B. longissima populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
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Hong Y, Hu HY, Sakoda A, Sagehashi M. Straw preservation effects of Arundo donax L. on its allelopathic activity to toxic and bloom-forming Microcystis aeruginosa. Water Sci Technol 2011; 63:1566-1573. [PMID: 21866753 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2011.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, straw preservation effects of Arundo donax L. on its allelopathic activity to toxic and bloom-forming Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated. The aquatic extracts of fresh straw significantly inhibited the growth of M. aeruginosa. After 7 d of cultivation, the percentage inhibitions (Pls) of all treated groups were above 60% and the maximum almost reached 100%. However, when the straw was used after two-month preservation, its allelopathic activities decreased significantly with all PIs lower than 60%. To unclose the substance differences between fresh and long-time preserved straws, the contents of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence characteristics were analyzed. The results show that long-time preserved straw had lower DOC and UV254 values, weaker fluorescence intensities, and fluorescent substance loss. Further, the allelopathic fractions were isolated from the aquatic extracts of the straws by solvent extraction. The potential allelochemicals were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The strong antialgal fractions of both fresh and long-time preserved straws were found to have various potential allelochemicals, including esters, ketones, alkaloids and phenolic acids. Their number was decreased from 21 to 9 after two-month preservation. The characteristics analysis of potential allelochemicals hinted that fresh A. donax might have more highly-effective allelochemicals than long-time preserved one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Wu CY, Hu HY, Pu CY, Huang N, Shen HC, Li CP, Chou YJ. Aerodigestive tract, lung and haematological cancers are risk factors for tuberculosis: an 8-year population-based study. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2011; 15:125-130. [PMID: 21276308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING The deterioration of immunity in cancer patients may be associated with a higher incidence of tuberculosis (TB). OBJECTIVE Despite several previous studies on cancer and TB, no population-based investigation has been published. We performed a nationwide population-based study to investigate the incidence of active TB among cancer patients, and the cancer-type specific risk factors related to TB. DESIGNS This nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study was based on data obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database. A total of 16,487 cancer patients and 65,948 controls matched for age and sex were recruited. RESULTS The incidence of TB per 100,000 person-years was 339 in the cancer patients and 202 in the controls, which gives a crude incidence rate ratio of 1.68 (95%CI 1.42-1.98). The hazard ratio (HR) was 1.67 (95%CI 1.42-1.96) after adjusting for age, sex and comorbidity. Cox regression showed that cancers of the aerodigestive tract, including oral, nasopharyngeal and oesophageal and lung cancer (HR 3.09, 95%CI 2.42-3.94) and haematological cancers, including non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and leukaemia (HR 3.22, 95%CI 1.98-5.22), were significant risk factors for TB. CONCLUSION Cancer patients have a higher incidence of TB than controls. Patients with aerodigestive tract, lung and haematological cancers are especially vulnerable to TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-Y Wu
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Fu CY, Xie X, Huang JJ, Zhang T, Wu QY, Chen JN, Hu HY. Monitoring and evaluation of removal of pathogens at municipal wastewater treatment plants. Water Sci Technol 2010; 61:1589-99. [PMID: 20351439 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations and removal of Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and microbial indicators, including somatic coliphages and fecal coliforms were investigated through the wastewater treatment processes at three municipal wastewater treatment plants in Beijing, China. The experimental results showed that the concentrations of Cryptosporidium in untreated wastewater, primary treatment effluent, secondary treatment effluent, tertiary treatment effluent were 33-600, 67-333, 0-9 and 0-0.4 oocysts L(-1), and that of Giardia were 130-3,600, 533-2,033, 0-32 and 0-2.1 cysts L(-1), respectively. The reduction ratios of Cryptosporidium and Giardia by the primary treatment process were 0.12 log and 0.18 log, respectively. Oxidation ditch process had higher reduction efficiency to Cryptosporidium and Giardia than anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process and conventional activated sludge process, probably because of longer retention time and higher sludge concentration. Membrane ultrafiltration had a notably better efficiency to reduce microorganisms, especially Cryptosporidium and Giardia, than conventional flocculation sedimentation and sand filtration process, as the tertiary treatment. Comparing with total coliforms, fecal coliforms and heterotrophic bacteria, concentration of somatic coliphages was correlated better with that of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in untreated wastewater and secondary treatment effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Fu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Wang B, Yu G, Yu YJ, Huang J, Hu HY, Wang LS. Health risk assessment of organic pollutants in Jiangsu reach of the Huaihe River, China. Water Sci Technol 2009; 59:907-916. [PMID: 19273889 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2009.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the potential health risk to local public caused by water pollution in Jiangsu reach of the Huaihe River, various organic pollutants, including Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) and some other Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs), were determined. Preliminary health risk assessment (HRA) was performed by calculating the probability that the concentrations of detected compounds exceeded HHCWO (Human Health Criteria for Consumption of Water and Organism) after Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The probabilities of posing a risk higher than 10(-6) for most potential carcinogens were greater than 0.5, and some even approximated 1. Further HRA for potential carcinogens was performed based on Monte Carlo simulation. Cumulative Risk Probability (CRP) was introduced to characterize risk. The result showed that 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine posed the highest risk. PAHs with 4 approximately 6 rings and some OCPs, such as heptachlorepoxide, aldrin and o,p'-DDT, also posed relatively high risk. Generally, there was a high level of heath risk in the study area. The study validated the high cancer incidence rate in areas along the Huaihe River.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wang
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, POPs Research Centre, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Abstract
Platelet antigens of platelet samples from 36 donors, frozen for different intervals, were evaluated by the platelet suspension immunofluorescence test (PSIFT). A, B, PLA1(HPA-1a) and various HLA antigens were tested by their corresponding antisera. The antigen could be detected in almost all the samples after one month of freezing. After 3 and 6 months, the platelet antigens could only be detected in 29.2% and 3.7% of the samples, respectively. There was no difference in decay of antigen expression among A, B, PLA1 and HLA antigens. When compared with the freshly prepared platelets, frozen platelets presented stronger antigen expression after 2 to 4 weeks of storage. This may suggest that the frozen platelets could be used for platelet crossmatching procedures without loss of their antigenicity within one month.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Chow
- Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Hong YC, Liu HM, Chen PS, Chen YJ, Lyou JY, Hu HY, Yi MF, Lin JS, Tzeng CH. Hair follicle: a reliable source of recipient origin after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2007; 40:871-4. [PMID: 17704789 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Blood, buccal swab and hair follicles are among the most commonly used sources for forensic science, parentage testing and personal identification. A total of 29 patients who have had a sustained engraftment from 15 months to 21.5 years after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) without rejection, relapse or chronic GVHD involving oral mucosa were enrolled for a chimerism study. PCR-amplified short tandem repeat analyses were conducted per patient every 3 months for at least three consecutive times. The results for blood were all donor type except one who had a mixed chimerism, 14.5 years after receiving a transplant for lymphoma. As for buccal swab, mixed chimerism ranging from 10 to 96% donor origin was noted for 28 recipients except the one who had mixed chimerism of blood and retained total recipient type. In contrast, hair follicles were 100% recipient type for the entire group. It is concluded that the hair follicle is devoid of adult stem cell plasticity and may serve as a reliable source of recipient's origin when pre-transplant DNA fingerprinting or reference DNA is not available for people who have successfully received allogeneic HSCT while in need of a personal identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Hong
- Section of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen FL, Liu Y, Song XY, Hu HY, Xu HB, Zhang XM, Shi JH, Hu J, Shen Y, Lu B, Wang XC, Hu RM. A novel mitochondrial DNA missense mutation at G3421A in a family with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness. Mutat Res 2006; 602:26-33. [PMID: 16949108 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2006.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2006] [Revised: 07/24/2006] [Accepted: 07/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mutations in mtDNA are thought to be responsible for the pathogenesis of maternally inherited diabetes. Here, we report a family with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness whose members did not harbour the mtDNA A3243G mutation, the most frequent point mutation in mitochondrial diabetic patients. This study aimed to investigate a possible other mtDNA mutation and its prevalence in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS Height, body weight, waistline, and hip circumference were measured and serum biochemical marks determined in all members of the family. In addition, a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test and electric listening test were conducted in these members. Genomic DNA was prepared from peripheral leukocytes. Direct sequencing of PCR products was used to detect the mtDNA mutation in this family. The prevalence of mtDNA G3421A nucleotide substitutions was investigated by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in 1350 unrelated type 2 diabetic patients recruited by random cluster sampling from the central city area of Shanghai, China. RESULTS (1) A new missense homoplasmic mutation of mtDNA G3421A was found in a maternally inherited diabetic family and existed neither in 1350 unrelated type 2 diabetic patients nor in 50 non-diabetic individuals. (2) The mode of mutation and diabetes transmission was typical maternal inheritance in this family. (3) All diabetic family members were found to have an onset at 35-42 years of age, accompanied by deafness of varying degrees. CONCLUSION mtDNA G3421A (Val39Ile) found in a family with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness is a novel missense mutation. Whether this is a diabetogenic mutation and its effect on mitochondrial function needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Huashan Hospital, Fu Dan University, 12 Middle Wurumqi Road, Shanghai 200040, People's Republic of China
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Chen YJ, Chen PS, Liu HM, Lyou JY, Hu HY, Lin JS, Tzeng CH. Novel polymorphisms in exons 6 and 7 of A/B alleles detected by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism. Vox Sang 2006; 90:119-27. [PMID: 16430670 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00729.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The ABO blood group system is the most important blood group system in transfusion medicine. In addition to the major A, B and O alleles, many rare alleles have been defined. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and analysis by PCR sequence specific primers (SSP) are commonly conducted for genotyping but have the limitation of being unable to detect unknown substitution(s) in amplified DNA fragments, whereas PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) can be used for both. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-hundred unrelated blood donors of the AB phenotype were enrolled. Four pairs of primers were designed to constitute two sets of multiplex PCRs: this amplifies four fragments spanning the entire exon 6 and its immediate flanking regions, nucleotides 432-1065, as well as the 3' untranslated region of exon 7 of the ABO gene. The SSCP electrophoresis was carried out on a 12.5% polyacrylamide gel in a GenePhor electrophoresis unit. For those with unexpected banding patterns, SSCP analyses were performed in duplicate and samples were cloned and sequenced for exons 6 and 7. RESULTS Seven samples were noted to have six variant alleles, of which five have not been previously reported in the literature. Of these five novel variants, four were derived from the B allele, while the other derived from the A allele. CONCLUSIONS By using PCR-SSCP, five novel A/B alleles were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Chen
- Section of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wei DB, Wang LS, Wei J, Hu HY. Effects of chlorine disinfection on toxicity formation in reclaimed water. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2006; 76:226-32. [PMID: 16468000 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-006-0911-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2005] [Accepted: 12/12/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D B Wei
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, ESPC, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the first enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis, was found to increase in cancer cells, especially prostate cancers. Some chemotherapeutic agents aimed to decrease ODC expression showed inhibitory effects on cancer cells. In this study, we examined the effect of adenoviral-transduced antisense ODC on prostate cancer cells. An adenovirus carrying antisense ODC (rAd-ODC/Ex3as) was infected to prostate cancer cells PC-3 and LNCap. Expression of ODC and concentration of polyamines in cells were determined by Western blotting and HPLC. MTT (3-(4,5-methylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay was used to analyze the effect on cell growth. Cell cycle was evaluated by FCM and cellular invasion by Matrigel invasion assay. A nude mouse xenograft model was used to examine tumorigenicity. Expression of ODC in PC-3 and LNCap cells were reduced to 45 and 59%, and three polyamines were also decreased by the rAd-ODC/Ex3as treatment. Consequently, cell growth was substantially inhibited and cell cycle arrested at G1 phase. Matrigel invasion assay showed relatively low invasion. Marked suppression of tumor formation was observed in the xenograft model. This study suggests that rAd-ODC/Ex3as has the antitumor effect on the human prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Medical Molecular Biology Experimental Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Hu HY, Fujie K, Urano K. Development of a novel solid phase extraction method for the analysis of bacterial quinones in activated sludge with a higher reliability. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 87:378-82. [PMID: 16232485 DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(99)80049-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/1998] [Accepted: 12/05/1998] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel analytical method for analysis of microbial quinones in activated sludge sample was developed with improved reliability compared to the conventional method. The operating conditions for the extraction of quinones from activated sludge sample with a methanol-chloroform mixture and hexane were optimized. A solid phase extraction method using the Sep-Pak Plus Silica, a small column packed with silica gel, was employed for the purification and separation of quinones instead of column chromatography and thin layer column chromatography used in the conventional method. The analytical operation was simplified and the analytical time was shortened by a half or two-thirds of that required for the conventional method. The recoveries of quinones were markedly increased from 30-60% with the conventional method to as high as 90-101% with the improved method, demonstrating that the reliability of the analytical results of the improved method is significantly higher than that of the conventional method. The quinone content value obtained using the improved method was twice as high as that obtained using the conventional method for the same activated sludge sample, but the quinone profiles expressed as the mole fraction of each quinone type were the same for each method.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Hu
- Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
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Gong WM, Liu HY, Niu LW, Shi YY, Tang YJ, Teng MK, Wu JH, Liang DC, Wang DC, Wang JF, Ding JP, Hu HY, Huang QH, Zhang QH, Lu SY, An JL, Liang YH, Zheng XF, Gu XC, Su XD. Structural genomics efforts at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Peking University. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 4:137-9. [PMID: 14649298 DOI: 10.1023/a:1026152612590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Structural genomics efforts at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Peking University are reported in this article. The major targets for the structural genomics project are targeted proteins expressed in human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, proteins related to blood diseases and other human proteins. Up to now 328 target genes have been constructed in expression vectors. Among them, more than 50% genes have been expressed in Escherichia coli, approximately 25% of the resulting proteins are soluble, and 35 proteins have been purified. Crystallization, data collection and structure determination are continuing. Experiences accumulated during this initial stage are useful for designing and applying high-throughput approaches in structural genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Gong
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Chinese Academy of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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Abstract
Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) based on the octanol/water partition coefficient were employed to predict acute toxicities of 36 substituted aromatic compounds and their mixtures. In this study, the model developed by Verhaar et al. was modified and used to calculate octano/water partition coefficients of chemical mixtures. To validate the model, acute toxicities of these chemicals were measured to Vibrio fischeri in terms of EC50. The results indicated that the obtained QSAR models could be used to predict toxicities of samples consi sting of these substituted aromatic compounds, individually or in combinations. The obtained equations were proved to be robust enough by using the leave-one-out test method. By classifying these chemicals into two groups, polar and non-polar, the toxicities of chemical mixtures within each group can be predicted accurately from their calculated partition coefficients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Wei
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, ESPC State Key Joint Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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