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Wu HC, Xu HS, Xie LC, Jin L. Edge State, Band Topology, and Time Boundary Effect in the Fine-Grained Categorization of Chern Insulators. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:083801. [PMID: 38457698 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.083801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
We predict novel topological phases with broken time-reversal symmetry supporting the coexistence of opposite chiral edge states, which are fundamentally different from the photonic spin-Hall, valley-Hall, and higher-order topological phases. We find a fine-grained categorization of Chern insulators, their band topologies characterized by identical Chern numbers are completely different. Furthermore, we prove that different topologies cause zeros in their Bloch wave function overlaps, which imprint the band gap closing and appear at the degenerate points of topological phase transition. The Bloch wave function overlaps predict the reflection and refraction at a topological time boundary, and the overlap zeros ensure the existence of vanishing revival amplitude at critical times even though different topologies before and after the time boundary have identical Chern numbers. Our findings create new opportunities for topological metamaterials, uncover the topological feature hidden in the time boundary effect as a probe of topology, and open a venue for the exploration of the rich physics originating from the long-range couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Wu
- School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- School of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - H S Xu
- School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - L C Xie
- School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - L Jin
- School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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2
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Du H, Wu H, Kang Q, Liao M, Qin M, Chen N, Huang H, Huang D, Wang P, Tong G. Polyphyllin I attenuates the invasion and metastasis via downregulating GRP78 in drug-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:12251-12263. [PMID: 37934581 PMCID: PMC10683619 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance to chemotherapy agents presents a major obstacle to the effective treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a common type of liver cancer. Increasing evidence indicates a link between drug resistance and the recurrence of HCC. Polyphyllin I (PPI), a promising pharmaceutical candidate, has shown potential therapeutic advantages in the treatment of sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma (SR-HCC cells). In this study, we sought to investigate the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of PPI on the invasion and metastasis of SR-HCC cells. Our in vitro studies included scratch wound-healing migration assays and transwell assays to examine PPI's effect on HCC cell migration and invasion. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze the accumulation or efflux of chemotherapy drugs. The results of these experiments demonstrated that PPI increased the susceptibility of HCC to sorafenib while inhibiting SR-HCC cell growth, migration, and invasion. Molecular docking analysis revealed that PPI exhibited a higher binding affinity with GRP78. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence experiments showed that PPI reduced the expression of GRP78, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, and ABCG2 in SR-HCC cells. Interference with and overproduction of GRP78 in vitro impacted the proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis of HCC cells. Further examination revealed that PPI hindered the expression of GRP78 protein, resulting in a suppressive effect on SR-HCC cell migration and invasion. Histological examination of tumor tissue substantiated that administering PPI via gavage to HepG2/S xenograft nude mice inhibited tumor growth and significantly reduced tumor size, as evidenced by xenograft experiments involving nude mice. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining of tumor tissue specimens, along with immunohistochemistry (IHC), were conducted to evaluate the expression levels of Ki67, GRP78, N-cadherin, Vimentin, and ABCG2. The results indicated that PPI administration decreased the levels of proteins associated with metastasis and markers of drug resistance in tumor tissues, impeding tumor growth and spread. Overall, our findings demonstrated that PPI effectively suppressed the viability, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of SR-HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo by modulating GRP78 activity. These findings provide new insights into the mechanism of PPI inhibition of SR-HCC cell invasion and metastasis, highlighting PPI as a potential treatment option for sorafenib-resistant HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Du
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Haochen Wu
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinyang Kang
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Mianmian Liao
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Meirong Qin
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Houshuang Huang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Danping Huang
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangdong Tong
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
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Wu H, Chen X, Kong L, Liu P. Mechanical and Biological Properties of Titanium and Its Alloys for Oral Implant with Preparation Techniques: A Review. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6860. [PMID: 37959457 PMCID: PMC10649385 DOI: 10.3390/ma16216860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Dental implants have revolutionised restorative dentistry, offering patients a natural-looking and durable solution to replace missing or severely damaged teeth. Titanium and its alloys have emerged as the gold standard among the various materials available due to their exceptional properties. One of the critical advantages of titanium and its alloys is their remarkable biocompatibility which ensures minimal adverse reactions within the human body. Furthermore, they exhibit outstanding corrosion resistance ensuring the longevity of the implant. Their mechanical properties, including hardness, tensile strength, yield strength, and fatigue strength, align perfectly with the demanding requirements of dental implants, guaranteeing the restoration's functionality and durability. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the manufacturing techniques employed for titanium and its alloy dental implants while shedding light on their intrinsic properties. It also presents crucial proof-of-concept examples, offering tangible evidence of these materials' effectiveness in clinical applications. However, despite their numerous advantages, certain limitations still exist necessitating ongoing research and development efforts. This review will briefly touch upon these restrictions and explore the evolving trends likely to shape the future of titanium and its alloy dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ping Liu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.W.); (X.C.); (L.K.)
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Qi W, Wu HC, Chan SC. MDF-Net: A Multi-Scale Dynamic Fusion Network for Breast Tumor Segmentation of Ultrasound Images. IEEE Trans Image Process 2023; 32:4842-4855. [PMID: 37639409 DOI: 10.1109/tip.2023.3304518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Breast tumor segmentation of ultrasound images provides valuable information of tumors for early detection and diagnosis. Accurate segmentation is challenging due to low image contrast between areas of interest; speckle noises, and large inter-subject variations in tumor shape and size. This paper proposes a novel Multi-scale Dynamic Fusion Network (MDF-Net) for breast ultrasound tumor segmentation. It employs a two-stage end-to-end architecture with a trunk sub-network for multiscale feature selection and a structurally optimized refinement sub-network for mitigating impairments such as noise and inter-subject variation via better feature exploration and fusion. The trunk network is extended from UNet++ with a simplified skip pathway structure to connect the features between adjacent scales. Moreover, deep supervision at all scales, instead of at the finest scale in UNet++, is proposed to extract more discriminative features and mitigate errors from speckle noise via a hybrid loss function. Unlike previous works, the first stage is linked to a loss function of the second stage so that both the preliminary segmentations and refinement subnetworks can be refined together at training. The refinement sub-network utilizes a structurally optimized MDF mechanism to integrate preliminary segmentation information (capturing general tumor shape and size) at coarse scales and explores inter-subject variation information at finer scales. Experimental results from two public datasets show that the proposed method achieves better Dice and other scores over state-of-the-art methods. Qualitative analysis also indicates that our proposed network is more robust to tumor size/shapes, speckle noise and heavy posterior shadows along tumor boundaries. An optional post-processing step is also proposed to facilitate users in mitigating segmentation artifacts. The efficiency of the proposed network is also illustrated on the "Electron Microscopy neural structures segmentation dataset". It outperforms a state-of-the-art algorithm based on UNet-2022 with simpler settings. This indicates the advantages of our MDF-Nets in other challenging image segmentation tasks with small to medium data sizes.
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Hsieh YC, Wu HC, Chuang SS. Early T-cell precursor lymphoblastic leukaemia with monocytic morphology negative for CD3 by flow cytometry: A diagnostic challenge solved by immunohistochemistry. Malays J Pathol 2023; 45:297-298. [PMID: 37658540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
No abstract available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Hsieh
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Departments of Clinical Pathology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - H C Wu
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - S S Chuang
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Departments of Pathology, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Zhang BF, Fang J, Zhang ZQ, Ao XL, Xia L, Wu HC, Zhang SA, Wu ZX, Li DL. [Factors influencing bilirubin elevation and its correlation with UGT1A1 gene polymorphism in the early postoperative period of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:524-531. [PMID: 37365030 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20220527-00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the factors influencing total bilirubin elevation and its correlation with UGT1A1 gene polymorphism in the early postoperative period of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). Methods: 104 cases with portal hypertension and esophageal variceal hemorrhage (EVB) treated with elective TIPS treatment were selected as the study subjects and were divided into a bilirubin-elevated group and a normal bilirubin group according to the total bilirubin elevation level during the early postoperative period. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the factors influencing total bilirubin elevation in the early postoperative period. PCR amplification and first-generation sequencing technology were used to detect the polymorphic loci of the UGT1A1 gene promoter TATA box, enhancer c.-3279 T > G, c.211G > A, and c.686C > A. Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation of four locus alleles and genotypes with elevated total bilirubin in the early postoperative period. Results: Among the 104 cases, 47 patients were in the bilirubin elevated group, including 35 males (74.5%) and 12 females (25.5%), aged (50.72 ± 12.56) years. There were 57 cases in the normal bilirubin group, including 42 males (73.7%) and 15 females (26.3%), aged (51.63 ± 11.10) years. There was no statistically significant difference in age (t = -0.391, P = 0.697) and gender (χ(2) = 0.008, P = 0.928) between the two groups of patients. Univariate analysis revealed that preoperative alanine transaminase (ALT) level (χ(2) = 5.954, P = 0.015), total bilirubin level (χ(2) = 16.638, P < 0.001), MELD score (χ(2) = 10.054, P = 0.018), Child-Pugh score (χ(2) = 6.844, P = 0.022), and postoperative portal vein branch development (χ(2) = 6.738, P = 0.034) were statistically significantly different between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative ALT level, total bilirubin level, and portal vein branch development after TIPS were correlated with the elevated total bilirubin in the early postoperative period. The polymorphism of the c.211G > A locus of the UGT1A1 gene correlation had elevated total bilirubin in the early postoperative period of TIPS. The risk of elevated total bilirubin was increased in the population carrying allele A (P = 0.001, OR = 4.049) in the early postoperative period. Allelic polymorphisms in the TATA box promoter region and enhancer c.-3279 T > G and c.686C > A had no statistically significant difference between the bilirubin-elevated group and the normal bilirubin group. Conclusion: The preoperative ALT level, total bilirubin level, and portal vein branch development are correlated with the elevated total bilirubin in early postoperative patients. The polymorphisms of the UGT1A1 gene and enhancer c.211G > A are correlated with the occurrence of elevated total bilirubin in the early postoperative period of TIPS. Allele A carrier may have a higher risk of elevated total bilirubin in the early postoperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- B F Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Internal Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University/ the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou 350025, China, Fuzhou 350025, China Zhao Bifeng is working on the Department of Gastroenterology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362046, China
| | - J Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Internal Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Z Q Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Internal Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University/ the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou 350025, China, Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - X L Ao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Internal Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University/ the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou 350025, China, Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - L Xia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Internal Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - H C Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Internal Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University/ the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou 350025, China, Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - S A Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Internal Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University/ the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou 350025, China, Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - Z X Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Internal Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University/ the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou 350025, China, Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - D L Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Internal Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University/ the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou 350025, China, Fuzhou 350025, China
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Wang Q, Yin L, Wu H, Ren Z, He S, Huang A, Huang C. Effects of gestational ambient extreme temperature exposures on the risk of preterm birth in China: A sibling-matched study based on a multi-center prospective cohort. Sci Total Environ 2023; 887:164135. [PMID: 37182780 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous epidemiological findings on extreme temperature and preterm birth (PTB) were heterogeneous, especially for extreme cold exposure. Measured and unmeasured individual-level factors such as genetic factors or lifecourse exposures may constitute important contributors but have not been addressed. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the association of gestational heat and cold exposure with PTB using a novel sibling-matched study. METHODS Based on a multi-center population-based birth cohort across 16 counties in China, we included 10,826 sibling pairs born from March 2013 to December 2018. Conditional logistic and Cox Proportional Hazard regression models were used to estimate the effects of heat and cold exposure on PTB in each trimester, one and four weeks before delivery and the entire pregnancy. We also tested the heterogeneity in the association of temperature with PTB between siblings. FINDINGS Exposure to heat during the third trimester and the entire pregnancy increased the risk of PTB. For heat (> 90th) defined with mean temperature, the odds ratios were 2.32 (1.63, 3.30) and 3.19 (2.22, 4.58), respectively. Cold exposure (< 10th) during the first, the third, and the entire pregnancy was associated with a higher PTB risk, with ORs (95%CIs) of 2.04 (1.43, 2.90), 3.13 (2.14, 4.58), and 4.26 (2.94, 6.19), respectively. We found slightly stronger associations of heat exposure during the entire pregnancy with the firstborn PTB, and stronger associations of cold exposure during one week and four weeks before delivery with secondborn PTB. CONCLUSIONS Using a sibling-matched study, we took into account some mother-level unobserved confounding. Our research strengthens the evidence that gestational exposure to heat and cold increases the risk of PTB. Our findings may have important implications for improving the health of newborns in the context of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lina Yin
- National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Haochen Wu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhoupeng Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Simin He
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiqun Huang
- National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Cunrui Huang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Institute of Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Fan J, Zhao Z, Wu H, Fang X, Miao F, Chen X, Jiang X, Li J, Jiang P, Yu H. Syndecan-3 Coregulates Milk Fat Metabolism and Inflammatory Reactions in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells through AMPK/SIRT1 Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076657. [PMID: 37047630 PMCID: PMC10095454 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcriptome sequencing showed that syndecan-3 (SDC3) was differentially expressed in high-fat and low-fat mammary epithelial cells of Chinese Holstein cows. Previous studies found that SDC3 plays an important role in inflammatory diseases and virus infection. However, those studies did not confirm whether or not the functional gene SDC3, which plays an important role in regulating milk fat metabolism, has an effect on susceptibility to breast tissue diseases. Therefore, we studied the effects of SDC3 on milk lipid metabolism and inflammation in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) and further explored the common regulatory pathway of SDC3 in both. The overexpression of SDC3 increased the contents of triglycerides and cholesterol, reduced the content of non-esterified fatty acids, inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and COX-2), and reduced the production of ROS in BMECs. However, silenced SDC3 had the opposite effect. Further exploring the mechanisms of SDC3, we found that SDC3 upregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) through the AMPK/SIRT1 signal pathway to promote milk fat synthesis. It also regulated the activation of the NF-κB pathway through the AMPK/SIRT1 signal pathway, reducing the expression of inflammatory factors and ROS production, thus inhibiting the inflammatory response of BMECs. Nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (NF-κB p50) was an important target of SDC3 in this process. To sum up, our results showed that SDC3 coregulated milk fat metabolism and inflammation through the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway. This study laid a foundation for the comprehensive evaluation of breeding value based on multi-effect functional genes in dairy cow molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Haochen Wu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xibi Fang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Fengshuai Miao
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xuanxu Chen
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Haibin Yu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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Wu H, Ghadami A, Bayrak AE, Smereka JM, Epureanu BI. Evaluating Emergent Coordination in Multi-Agent Task Allocation Through Causal Inference and Sub-Team Identification. IEEE Robot Autom Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1109/lra.2022.3231497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haochen Wu
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Wu J, Wang W, Huang Y, Wu H, Wang J, Han M. Deletion of SM22α disrupts the structure and function of caveolae and T-tubules in cardiomyocytes, contributing to heart failure. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271578. [PMID: 35849583 PMCID: PMC9292107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Smooth muscle 22-alpha (SM22α) is an actin-binding protein that plays critical roles in mediating polymerization of actin filaments and stretch sensitivity of cytoskeleton in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Multiple lines of evidence indicate the existence of SM22α in cardiomyocytes. Here, we investigated the effect of cardiac SM22α on the membrane architecture and functions of cardiomyocytes to pressure overload. Methods SM22α knock-out (KO) mice were utilized to assess the role of SM22α in the heart. Echocardiography was used to evaluate cardiac function, transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was used to induce heart failure, cell shortening properties were measured by IonOptix devices in intact cardiomyocytes, Ca2+ sensitivity of myofilaments was measured in permeabilized cardiomyocytes. Confocal microscopy, electron microscopy, western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) techniques were used to perform functional and structural analysis. Results SM22α ablation did not alter cardiac function at baseline, but mRNA levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) were increased significantly compared with wild type (WT) controls. The membrane architecture was severely disrupted in SM22α KO cardiomyocytes, with disassembly and flattening of caveolae and disrupted T-tubules. Furthermore, SM22α was co-immunoprecipitated with caveolin-3 (Cav3), and the interaction between Cav3 and actin was significantly reduced in SM22α KO cells. SM22α KO cardiomyocytes displayed asynchronized SR Ca2+ release, significantly increased Ca2+ spark frequency. Additionally, the kinetics of sarcomere shortening was abnormal, accompanied with increased sensitivity and reduced maximum response of myofilaments to Ca2+ in SM22α KO cardiomyocytes. SM22α KO mice were more prone to heart failure after TAC. Conclusions Our findings identified that SM22α may be required for the architecture and function of caveolae and T-tubules in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yaomeng Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haochen Wu
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- * E-mail:
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Fan J, Chen J, Wu H, Lu X, Fang X, Yin F, Zhao Z, Jiang P, Yu H. Chitosan Oligosaccharide Inhibits the Synthesis of Milk Fat in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells through AMPK-Mediated Downstream Signaling Pathway. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131692. [PMID: 35804595 PMCID: PMC9265072 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In order to study the effect of chitosan oligosaccharides on milk fat synthesis of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs), we did a series of related experiments. The results showed that chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) could inhibit the fatty acid synthesis and promote milk fat decomposition and oxidation through AMPK/SREBP1/SCD1, AMPK/HSL and AMPK/PPARα signaling pathways to reduce the milk fat content in bovine mammary epithelial cells. We elucidated the important role of COS in BMECs lipid metabolism. COS may be the potential small-molecule component in milk cow molecular breeding to regulate milk fat synthesis and metabolism. These findings will help us to further understand the mechanism of COS on milk fat metabolism. Abstract Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is a variety of oligosaccharides, and it is also the only abundant basic amino oligosaccharide in natural polysaccharides. Chitosan oligosaccharide is a low molecular weight product of chitosan after enzymatic degradation. It has many biological effects, such as lipid-lowering, antioxidant and immune regulation. Previous studies have shown that chitosan oligosaccharide has a certain effect on fat synthesis, but the effect of chitosan oligosaccharide on milk fat synthesis of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) has not been studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate chitosan oligosaccharide’s effect on milk fat synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells and explore the underlying mechanism. We treated bovine mammary epithelial cells with different concentrations of chitosan oligosaccharide (0, 100, 150, 200, 400 and 800 μg/mL) for 24 h, 36 h and 48 h respectively. To assess the effect of chitosan oligosaccharide on bovine mammary epithelial cells and determine the concentration and time for chitosan oligosaccharide treatment on cells, several in vitro cellular experiments, including on cell viability, cycle and proliferation were carried out. The results highlighted that chitosan oligosaccharide (100, 150 μg/mL) significantly promoted cell viability, cycle and proliferation, increased intracellular cholesterol content, and reduced intracellular triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acids content. Under the stimulation of chitosan oligosaccharide, the expression of genes downstream of Phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (P-AMPK) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway changed, increasing the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), but the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1) and its downstream target gene stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) decreased. In conclusion, these results suggest that chitosan oligosaccharide may inhibit milk fat synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, promoting the oxidative decomposition of fatty acids and inhibiting fatty acid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (J.C.); (H.W.); (F.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (J.C.); (H.W.); (F.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Haochen Wu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (J.C.); (H.W.); (F.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xin Lu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.L.); (X.F.)
| | - Xibi Fang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.L.); (X.F.)
| | - Fuquan Yin
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (J.C.); (H.W.); (F.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (J.C.); (H.W.); (F.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (J.C.); (H.W.); (F.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence: (P.J.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-151-4305-9097 (P.J.); +86-186-8660-9912 (H.Y.)
| | - Haibin Yu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (J.C.); (H.W.); (F.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence: (P.J.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-151-4305-9097 (P.J.); +86-186-8660-9912 (H.Y.)
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Wang D, Wang X, Si M, Yang J, Sun S, Wu H, Cui S, Qu X, Yu X. Corrigendum to "Exosome-encapsulated miRNAs contribute to CXCL12/CXCR4-induced liver metastasis of colorectal cancer by enhancing M2 polarization of macrophages" [Canc. Lett. 474 (2020) 36-52]. Cancer Lett 2022; 525:200-202. [PMID: 34785089 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mahan Si
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyue Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haochen Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxiang Cui
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianjun Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinfeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Wu HC, Shu W, Li ML, Li ZA, Hu YF. [Using text mining to identify gap in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome related information dissemination between the official channel delivery and the needs of adolescents]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 54:685-690. [PMID: 32842287 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20190816-00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The study intends to identify gap in HIV/AIDS awareness dissemination between the official channel delivery and the needs of adolescents. Methods: We crawled all the HIV/AIDS queries from "Baidu zhidao" till June 11st, 2018. "Baidu zhidao" inquiry and information form official public service announcement (abbreviated for "official delivery" hereafter) were the data source for comparative analysis. We categorized the text data into four kinds, "prevention", "testing and treatment", "symptoms and infection" and "legalization and policies" according to official categorization. Word segmentation was used for text mining and word frequency statistics, as well word cloud was used for word frequency visualization (all based on a comparison after removing the useless words). Results: Of the official delivery, the proportion of prevention category accounted for 32.3% (n=162) (ranks 1st), and the proportion of legalization and policies category was 14.1% (n=71). While among the "Baidu zhidao" inquiry information, the proportion of testing and treatment category accounted for 51.7% (n=51 264), and the proportion of prevention category accounted for 11.4% (n=11 272). The frequencies of same terms/ repeated terms of two channels accounted for 60% (59.3%-63.9%) of each category among the official delivery, of which, the proportion of interest terms comparatively less and more diverse in "Baidu zhidao" inquiries. The proportion of the terms frequency of each category was about 45% in "prevention, testing and treatment", 34.3% (n=14 781) in "symptoms and infection" and 17.0% (n=5 744) in "legalization and policies", respectively. Conclusion: A big gap was identified between the available official source and inquiries' term, especially word frequency discrepancy between "legalization and policies" and "prevention" categories. It underscore the necessity for the official channel to address the needs and interests of adolescents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Wu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - W Shu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - M L Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Z A Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yi-fei Hu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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Wu H, Zhu K, Tu X, Albu D, Woodall-Jappe M, Littlefield BA. Abstract 5522: Evaluation of eribulin-induced alterations of the intact immune cell landscape in spleens and tumors from tumor-bearing immunocompetent mice. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-5522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Eribulin, a synthetic analog of the marine sponge natural product halichondrin B, is approved in the US for certain patients with advanced breast cancer or liposarcoma. Its mechanisms of action include both cytotoxic, antimitotic effects as well as non-cytotoxic effects on tumor vasculature, phenotype and microenvironment. Known aspects of eribulin's effects on tumor phenotype, including reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and induction of cellular differentiation in various preclinical models, led us to speculate that eribulin might also alter immune homeostasis in the in vivo setting, both in tumors themselves as well as supporting immune organs such as the spleen. Here, we report on eribulin's effects on both lymphoid and myeloid lineage cellular components in both spleen and tumors from immunocompetent mice bearing subcutaneous Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) isografts. Surprisingly, spleens of vehicle treated, LLC tumor-bearing mice are approximately twice as large spleens from non-tumor-bearing mice, with an excellent correlation (r2 = 0.92) between individual tumor size and spleen weight arguing for a direct cause and effect relationship between the presence of tumor and splenomegaly. Tumor-induced splenomegaly is associated with increased proliferation of splenic non-lymphoid (CD4-/CD8-/CD19-) cells, including both CD11b+ mature myeloid lineage cells as well as CD11b- cells. Due to high levels of P-glycoprotein (PgP) characteristic of most murine tumors, LLC tumors respond poorly to eribulin, a known PgP substrate. Thus, 3 doses of MTD eribulin (1.6 mg/kg; Q4Dx3) led to only a 30% reduction in tumor volume relative to vehicle-treated mice. Unexpectedly, however, despite this reduced tumor volume, spleens from eribulin-treated mice were twice again larger than the already-enlarged spleens from vehicle-treated tumor-bearing mice, and the clear relationship between tumor size and spleen weight was abolished. This additional eribulin-induced splenomegaly was associated with enhanced proliferation of the same CD4-/CD8-/CD19- non-lymphoid cells, CD11b+ myeloid lineage cells and CD11b- cells as in vehicle-treated, tumor-bearing mice. Evaluation of immune cell components in the associated fixed tumors from eribulin- and vehicle-treated mice is currently ongoing to assess what effect, if any, such changes in the spleen will have on the tumor immune microenvironment; these results will be presented at the meeting. In conclusion, our results point to significant and unexpected effects of eribulin treatment on the immune cell landscape in spleens and tumors from tumor-bearing immunocompetent mice.
Citation Format: Haochen Wu, Keyi Zhu, Xiaolong Tu, Diana Albu, Mary Woodall-Jappe, Bruce A. Littlefield. Evaluation of eribulin-induced alterations of the intact immune cell landscape in spleens and tumors from tumor-bearing immunocompetent mice [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 5522.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochen Wu
- 1Crown Bioscience Inc., Taicang City, China
| | - Keyi Zhu
- 1Crown Bioscience Inc., Taicang City, China
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Chen SW, Chang ST, Hsieh YC, Kuo CC, Wu HC, Feng YH, Chuang SS. Frequent loss of CD10 expression in follicular lymphoma with leukaemic presentation. Malays J Pathol 2020; 42:237-243. [PMID: 32860376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Follicular lymphoma (FL) is usually a nodal lymphoma expressing CD10, rarely with leukaemic presentation (FL-LP). MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched for FL-LP in our institution from 2000 to 2018 and characterised the neoplastic cells by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Thirteen (6.1%) of 212 FL cases were FL-LP, all de novo neoplasms. The leukaemic cells were small in 12 cases and large in one. All had concurrent FL, mostly (92%; 12/13) low-grade. The single case with large leukaemic cells had a concurrent primary splenic low-grade FL and a double-hit large B-cell lymphoma in the marrow. RESULTS CD10 was expressed in the leukaemic cells in 38% (5/13) cases by flow cytometry and in 77% (10/13) cases in tumours (p= 0.0471). IGH/BCL2 reciprocal translocation was identified in 85% (11/13) cases. Most patients were treated with chemotherapy. In a median follow-up time of 36 months, nine patients were in complete remission. The 2- and 5-year survival rates were at 100% and 83%, respectively. In this study, we characterised a series of de novo FL-LP in Taiwan. All patients had concurrent nodal and/or tissue tumours, which might suggest that these patients seek medical help too late. CONCLUSION The lower CD10 expression rate by flow cytometry than by immunohistochemistry might be due to different epitopes for these assays. Alternatively, loss of CD10 expression might play a role in the pathogenesis of leukaemic change. The clinical course of FL-LP could be aggressive, but a significant proportion of the patients obtained complete remission with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Chen
- Lioying Chi-Mei Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hemato-Oncology, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Wang D, Wang X, Si M, Yang J, Sun S, Wu H, Cui S, Qu X, Yu X. Exosome-encapsulated miRNAs contribute to CXCL12/CXCR4-induced liver metastasis of colorectal cancer by enhancing M2 polarization of macrophages. Cancer Lett 2020; 474:36-52. [PMID: 31931030 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are important immunocytes associated with cancer metastasis. However, whether TAMs play a dominant role in mediating CXCL12/CXCR4-induced liver metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unexplored. Herein, we found that CD206+ TAMs, which infiltrated at the invasive front, were correlated with CXCR4 expression and liver metastasis of CRC in clinical specimens. Several miRNAs (miR-25-3p, miR-130b-3p, miR-425-5p), upregulated in CRC cells by activation of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis, could be transferred to macrophages via exosomes. These exosomal miRNAs induced M2 polarization of macrophages by regulating PTEN through activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. In turn, M2 polarized macrophages promoted cancer metastasis by enhancing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and secreting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Co-culture of CRC cells with macrophages transfected with these miRNAs or treated with exosomes enhanced their metastatic capacity both in vitro and in vivo. Clinically, the serum levels of exosomal miR-25-3p, miR-130b-3p and miR-425-5p were correlated with progression and metastasis of CRC. In conclusion, these results reveal a crucial role of exosomal miRNAs in mediating the crosstalk between CXCR4 overexpressing cancer cells and TAMs, providing potential therapeutic targets for circumventing liver metastasis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mahan Si
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyue Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haochen Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxiang Cui
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianjun Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinfeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Wei-Ting C, Feng YH, Kuo YH, Chen WY, Huang CT, Wu HC, Wang WC, Liao CT, Chen ZC. P1569The Impact of Multidisciplinary Cardio-Oncology Program on the Cardiovascular Outcomes in Breast Cancer Patients. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Chemo- and target therapies may induce myocardial dysfunction and lead to poor prognoses. Early detection of minor myocardial dysfunction is important for the prevention of subsequent cardiotoxicity. Cardio-oncology is a multidisciplinary field focusing on managing and preventing cardiovascular complications in cancer patients. However, whether Cardio-oncology program truly makes difference in cardiovascular outcomes remains unknown. Herein, we are sharing our experiences in our Medical Center.
Methods
Since 2014 till 2017, we recruited 154 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer preparing for Epirubicin therapy. Echocardiography, biomarkers, six minute walking distance and cardiovascular adverse events including new onset of hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction (MI) and mortality were recorded at baseline, three months, six months and one year. Any functional decline was reported to oncologists for the consideration of changing regimens. Otherwise, cardiologists would be consulted for cardiovascular educations and therapies. The echocardiographic and clinical records of 450 breast patients receiving Epirubicin therapy during 2010 to 2013 were also collected as comparison.
Results
Compared with the ratio of 20% patients receiving echocardiography prior to 2014, the ratio increased to 100% since Cardio-Oncology program started. Also, the drop of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from 25% attenuated to 5%. Before Cardio-Oncology Program, there were 1.7% of new onset hypertension, 0.8% of MI, 0.8% of stroke and 16.8% of mortality. Conversely, after the program, there were only 0.6% of new onset hypertension while no other cardiovascular complications were reported. Furthermore, compared with previous reports of the effectiveness of Cardio-Oncology Program, our result also displayed a superior impact on the cardiovascular outcomes.
Conclusions
Collectively, through a comprehensive monitoring and an early intervention of myocardial dysfunction post chemotherapies, Cardio-Oncology Program truly decreased the cardiovascular complications in breast cancer patients.
Acknowledgement/Funding
Chi-Mei Medical Center
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wei-Ting
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Cardiology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Y H Feng
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Oncology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Y H Kuo
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Oncology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - W Y Chen
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Oncology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - C T Huang
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Oncology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - H C Wu
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Oncology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - W C Wang
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Surgery, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - C T Liao
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Cardiology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Z C Chen
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Cardiology, Tainan, Taiwan
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Zhang L, Wu H, Chen F, Zhao L, An X, Tan W, Fu X, Qiao M, Shi Q, Yang W. Abstract 5677: Establishment and application of a panel of PBMC-humanized mouse tumor models in immune-oncology and targeted cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-5677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Monoclonal antibodies and checkpoint blocking approaches have achieved remarkable success in cancer immunotherapy in clinical practices. Besides the success of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies (such as Keytrude and Tecentriq), two bispecific antibodies, Catumaxomab and Blinatumomab have been approved to treat cancer patients, and many more bispecific antibodies are currently in pre-clinical or clinical development. To meet the increasing market needs for fast, reliable and cost effective mouse tumor model systems, we developed a panel of humanized tumor models, designated as MiXenoTM platform. MiXenoTM could be used in a broad spectrum of applications in immuno-oncology drug discovery, including targeted cancer immune-therapy.
Method: CrownBio has a collection of about 200 xenograft models, including subcutaneous, orthotropic and systemic models, which covers majority of cancer type. Gene expression and mutation status are often profiled in these models. To engage both host immune system and tumor antigens, we have developed some specific MixenoTM tumor models by inoculating tumor cells over-expressing specific anti-tumor antigens (e.g. EGFR, CD47, Braf or PD-L1) into PBMC-humanized immunocompromised mice. Reconstitution of human immune component with human PBMCs in these tumor-bearing mice provides a useful tool to evaluate the targeted immune-therapeutics including bispecific T cell engagers.
Results: To validate the MiXenoTM models for targeted cancer immunotherapy, several xenograft models have been profiled and selected based on their tumor antigens or gene expression. Models with over-expression of a variety of tumor antigens (e.g. EGFR, CD47, Braf, PD-L1, etc.) were used to develop specific MixenoTM tumor models. The immune and tumor cells were engrafted either simultaneously or sequentially. Graft versus host disease (GvHD) can be managed by optimizing the immune cell constitution and tumor cell engraftment. Some models were also validated using stand of care I/O drugs and characterized by immune-phenotyping.
Conclusions: MiXenoTM tumor models with specific tumor antigen targeting strategy are valid model systems to evaluate the human immuno-modulatory drugs including bispecific antibodies. Further studies are needed to expand model collections and to extend their applications in I/O space.
Citation Format: Lan Zhang, Haochen Wu, Fei Chen, Lianqi Zhao, Xiaoyu An, Weibin Tan, Xiaoyan Fu, Meng Qiao, Qian Shi, Wenqing Yang. Establishment and application of a panel of PBMC-humanized mouse tumor models in immune-oncology and targeted cancer immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5677.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- 1CrownBio, Taicang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haochen Wu
- 1CrownBio, Taicang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fei Chen
- 1CrownBio, Taicang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | | | - Xiaoyu An
- 1CrownBio, Taicang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | | | | | - Meng Qiao
- 1CrownBio, Taicang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qian Shi
- 1CrownBio, Taicang, Jiangsu Province, China
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Wu HC, Chen JT, Fan YH, Yen CH, Chen YM, Chang HS. Secondary metabolites from Excoecaria formosana and their anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- HC Wu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - JT Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - YH Fan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - CH Yen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research (CICAR), Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - YM Chen
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research (CICAR), Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - HS Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research (CICAR), Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Huang HK, Cheng TL, Lin CH, Wu HC, Chen IS, Gan KH, Chang HS. Anti-Escherichia coli β-glucuronidase activity constituents from the root of Neolitsea konishii. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- HK Huang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - TL Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - CH Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - HC Wu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - IS Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - KH Gan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - HS Chang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Wu HC, Xu XP, Wu C, Lu QB, Ding ZY, Lin JF. [Spatial analysis and prediction of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Zhejiang province, 2011-2015]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2017; 37:1485-1490. [PMID: 28057140 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the distribution of the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Zhejiang province, and predict the incidence and the probability of SFTS outbreak. Methods: Based on the cases of SFTS from 2011-2015, software ArcGIS 10.0 was used to analyze the spatial distribution, Moran's I and Getis-Ord Gi were used to analyze the spatial autocorrelation. The incidence trend was explored by trend surface analysis, and the prediction was made by Kriging interpolation. Results: The incidence of SFTS increased and the distribution expanded in Zhejiang from 2011 to 2015, the seasonal and the demographic characteristics of SFTS were similar to the previous research; there were regional clustering of the cases (P<0.001); a downward trend was observed from northeast to southwest in terms of incidence of SFTS; the second-order disjunctive Kriging interpolation based on circular model and the indicator Kriging interpolation based on exponential model had higher prediction accuracy, the probabilities of outbreak in Anji, Daishan and Tiantai were high, the prediction deviation of inland was less than that of edge area. Conclusion: The prediction of SFTS by Kriging interpolation had high accuracy, the incidence of SFTS was higher and the distribution of SFTS was larger than the results of surveillance, the risk areas for epidemic were Anji, Daishan, Ninghai,Tiantai, Sanmen and Linhai.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
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22
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Zhuo HB, Zhang SJ, Li XH, Zhou HY, Li XZ, Zou DB, Yu MY, Wu HC, Sheng ZM, Zhou CT. Terahertz generation from laser-driven ultrafast current propagation along a wire target. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:013201. [PMID: 28208417 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.013201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Generation of intense coherent THz radiation by obliquely incidenting an intense laser pulse on a wire target is studied using particle-in-cell simulation. The laser-accelerated fast electrons are confined and guided along the surface of the wire, which then acts like a current-carrying line antenna and under appropriate conditions can emit electromagnetic radiation in the THz regime. For a driving laser intensity ∼3×10^{18}W/cm^{2} and pulse duration ∼10 fs, a transient current above 10 KA is produced on the wire surface. The emission-cone angle of the resulting ∼0.15 mJ (∼58 GV/m peak electric field) THz radiation is ∼30^{∘}. The conversion efficiency of laser-to-THz energy is ∼0.75%. A simple analytical model that well reproduces the simulated result is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Zhuo
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China.,IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - S J Zhang
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - X H Li
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - H Y Zhou
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - X Z Li
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - D B Zou
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - M Y Yu
- Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - H C Wu
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Z M Sheng
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.,SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom.,Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - C T Zhou
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
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23
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Krishna Murthy J, Chandrasekhar KD, Wu HC, Yang HD, Lin JY, Venimadhav A. Antisite disorder driven spontaneous exchange bias effect in La(2-x)Sr(x) CoMnO₆ (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 1). J Phys Condens Matter 2016; 28:086003. [PMID: 26823459 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/8/086003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Doping at the rare-earth site by divalent alkaline-earth ions in perovskite lattice has witnessed a variety of magnetic and electronic orders with spatially correlated charge, spin and orbital degrees of freedom. Here, we report an antisite disorder driven spontaneous exchange bias effect as a result of hole carrier (Sr(2+)) doping in La(2-x)Sr(x)CoMnO6 (0 < x < 1) double perovskites. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy have evidenced an increase in disorder with the increase of Sr content up to x = 0.5 and thereby a decrease from x = 0.5 to 1. X-ray absorption spectroscopy has revealed that only Co is present in the mixed valence of Co(2+) and Co(3+) states with Sr doping to compensate the charge neutrality. Magnetotransport is strongly correlated with the increase of antisite disorder. The antisite disorder at the B-site interrupts the long-range ferromagnetic order by introducing various magnetic interactions and instigates reentrant glassy dynamics, phase separation and canted type antiferromagnetic behavior with the decrease of temperature. This leads to a novel magnetic microstructure with unidirectional anisotropy that causes a spontaneous exchange bias effect that can be tuned with the amount of antisite disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Krishna Murthy
- Cryogenic Engineering Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, India
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24
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Chen R, Deng X, Wu H, Peng P, Wen B, Li F, Li F. Combined immunotherapy with dendritic cells and cytokine-induced killer cells for malignant tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 22:451-64. [PMID: 25073120 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A new strategy of adoptive and passive immunotherapy involves combining dendritic cells (DCs) with a subset of natural killer T lymphocytes termed cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of DC-CIK therapy vs. placebo, no intervention, conventional treatments, or other complementary and alternative medicines for malignant tumors. METHOD We searched PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Wangfang, Weipu, CNKI databases and reference lists of articles. We selected randomized controlled trials of DC-CIK therapy vs. placebo, no intervention, conventional treatments, or other complementary and alternative medicines in patients with all types and stages of malignant tumor. Primary outcome measures were overall survival and treatment response. Secondary outcome measures were health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessment, progression free survival (PFS), and adverse events. RESULTS Six trials met our inclusion criteria. There was evidence that chemotherapy+DC-CIK increased the 2-year (RR 2.88, 95% CI 1.38 to 5.99, P=0.005) and 3-year (RR 11.67, 95% CI 2.28 to 59.69, P=0.003) survival rates and progression free survival (RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.94, P<0.0001) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer compared to those treated with chemotherapy alone. DC-CIK therapy appears to be well-tolerated by cancer patients and to improve post-treatment patient health related quality of life. CONCLUSION DC-CIK immunotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for patients with malignant tumors. Further clinical trials to provide supportive evidence for the routine use of DC-CIK therapy in clinical practice are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Chen
- Department of Digestive, Ruikang Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi, University of Chinese Medicine, 530011 Huadong Road No. 10, Nanning, 530023 Guangxi, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Department of Digestive, Ruikang Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi, University of Chinese Medicine, 530011 Huadong Road No. 10, Nanning, 530023 Guangxi, China.
| | - Haochen Wu
- Department of Hepatopathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi, University of Chinese Medicine, Dongge Road No. 89-9, 530023 Nanning, China
| | - Peichun Peng
- Department of Digestive, Ruikang Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi, University of Chinese Medicine, 530011 Huadong Road No. 10, Nanning, 530023 Guangxi, China
| | - Bin Wen
- Department of Digestive, Ruikang Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi, University of Chinese Medicine, 530011 Huadong Road No. 10, Nanning, 530023 Guangxi, China
| | - Fuyin Li
- Department of Digestive, Ruikang Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi, University of Chinese Medicine, 530011 Huadong Road No. 10, Nanning, 530023 Guangxi, China
| | - Fenfen Li
- Department of Digestive, Ruikang Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi, University of Chinese Medicine, 530011 Huadong Road No. 10, Nanning, 530023 Guangxi, China
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25
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Feng X, Qin H, Shi Q, Zhang Y, Zhou F, Wu H, Ding S, Niu Z, Lu Y, Shen P. Chrysin attenuates inflammation by regulating M1/M2 status via activating PPARγ. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 89:503-14. [PMID: 24704474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chrysin (5,7-di-OH-flavone), a widely distributed natural flavonoid, has been well documented for involving in various biological activities, especially in regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activity as a modest modulator. However, the exact molecular mechanism is still unrevealed. In the current study, for the first time, we discovered that, chrysin not only significantly attenuated inflammation in high-fat feeding mice, but also alleviated high fat diet-induced hepatic, muscular steatosis in obese mice without altering the body weight. Chrysin decreases the infiltration of macrophages into adipose tissue in obese mice. In addition, chrysin was also found to induce an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype and decreases M1 phenotype, both in peritoneal macrophages of obese mice and cultured macrophages in vitro, and thereby, chrysin changed the M1/M2 status. Our data further showed that chrysin regulated the phenotype of macrophages through enhancing the transcriptional activation of PPARγ and the expression of its target genes. Taken together, we conclude that chrysin may serve as an effective modulator of PPARγ during the pathogenesis of inflammation, thereby our findings shed light on the potential therapeutic feature of chrysin in recovering inflammatory diseases via regulating M1/M2 status.
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MESH Headings
- Adipose Tissue/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue/immunology
- Adipose Tissue/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue/pathology
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Fatty Liver/drug therapy
- Fatty Liver/immunology
- Fatty Liver/metabolism
- Fatty Liver/pathology
- Flavonoids/administration & dosage
- Flavonoids/adverse effects
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Flavonoids/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/immunology
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/pathology
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/immunology
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/immunology
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Myositis/drug therapy
- Myositis/immunology
- Myositis/metabolism
- Myositis/pathology
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
- Obesity/physiopathology
- PPAR gamma/agonists
- PPAR gamma/genetics
- PPAR gamma/metabolism
- Random Allocation
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Haohan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qian Shi
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA), TX 78229, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Feifei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Haochen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Sen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhiyuan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Pingping Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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26
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Cai MH, Zhu F, Wu HC, Shen PP. A new recombinant hybrid polypeptide and its immunologic adjuvant activity for inactivated infectious bursal disease vaccine. Biotechnol Lett 2014; 36:1431-7. [PMID: 24652544 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-014-1499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Both bursin (Lys-His-Gly-NH2) and Gagnon's peptides (Lys-Asn-Pro-Tyr) can induce B-cell differentiation. However, it is unclear whether a recombinant hybrid polypeptide consisting of a tandem array of 14 copies of bursin and two copies of Gagnon's peptide can induce the proliferative activity of lymphocytes. Here, this recombinant hybrid polypeptide was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by SDS-PAGE. Various assays showed that it not only promoted B-lymphocyte proliferation in vitro but also increased the titers of antibodies directed against infectious bursal disease virus fourfold in the sera of chickens vaccinated with the inactivated infectious bursal disease virus vaccine. The recombinant hybrid polypeptide also reduced the pathological lesions in the bursa of Fabricius caused by infectious bursal disease virus BC6/85. Our results show that this recombinant hybrid polypeptide may be a promising immune adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-hong Cai
- School of Food and Biology Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China,
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27
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Wu H, Li L, Ma Y, Chen Y, Zhao J, Lu Y, Shen P. Regulation of selective PPARγ modulators in the differentiation of osteoclasts. J Cell Biochem 2013; 114:1969-77. [PMID: 23494891 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is the most common chronic disease in the world and causes complications with many diseases, such as heart disease and osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by imbalance in bone resorption and bone formation. Osteoclast is type of bone cell that functions in bone resorption and plays a critical role in bone remodeling. Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone, which belong to Thiazolidinediones(TZDs), are commonly used antidiabetic drugs. As PPARγ full agonists, they can activate PPARγ in a ligand-dependent way. Recent studies indicate that these PPARγ full agonists have some side effects, such as weight gain and bone loss, which may increase the risk of osteoporosis. In contrast, selective PPARγ Modulators (SPPARγMs) are novel PPARγ ligands that can activate PPARγ in different ways and lead to distinct downstream genes. Mice bone marrow cells were stimulated with recombinant mouse RANKL and M-CSF to generate osteoclasts. To determine the effect on osteoclasts formation, PPARγ ligands (Rosiglitazone, Fmoc-L-Leu, and Telmisartan) were added at the beginning of the culture. Rosiglitazone significantly increased the differentiation of multinucleated osteoclasts, while osteoclasts formation triggered by SPPARγMs was much less than that displayed by rosiglitazone. We found that the enhancement of PPARγ ligands may be associated with TRAF6 and downstream ERK signal pathway. We also demonstrated osteoclasts show characteristic M2 phenotype and can be further promoted by PPARγ ligands, especially rosiglitazone. In conclusion, reduced osteoclasts differentiation characteristic of SPPARγMs highlights SPPARγMs potential as therapeutic targets in diabetes, versus traditional antidiabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochen Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center MARC, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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28
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Lin X, Zheng W, Liu J, Zhang Y, Qin H, Wu H, Xue B, Lu Y, Shen P. Oxidative stress in malignant melanoma enhances tumor necrosis factor-α secretion of tumor-associated macrophages that promote cancer cell invasion. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 19:1337-55. [PMID: 23373752 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Malignant melanoma is well known for abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) that exist in the primary tumor environment. Within this microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play substantial roles in multiple steps of tumor development in terms of tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. We therefore aimed to determine whether this high-level ROS in primary melanoma is capable to promote tumor invasiveness by influencing TAM properties. Moreover, we wanted to further investigate probable underlying mechanisms. RESULTS We characterized malignant melanoma TAMs as a heterogeneous phenotype, which possesses both M1 and M2 markers. We also revealed a role for high-level intracellular ROS in enhancing proinvasion signature of TAMs by strongly increasing their tumor necrosis factor α secretion, which is possibly attributed to ROS-enhanced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) translocation mediated by MAPK/ERK kinase 1. INNOVATION This is the first study demonstrating that high levels of ROS in the primary melanoma environment can influence TAM behaviors. Furthermore, we are also the first to indentify that nucleus-to-cytoplasm translocation of PPARγ is significantly upregulated by ROS and responsible for the proinvasiveness capacity of melanoma TAMs. CONCLUSION Taken together, our data describe how a high level of ROS plays a critical role in enhancing the proinvasion characteristic of TAMs in malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhu Lin
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, and Model Animal Research Center (MARC) of Nanjing University, Nanjing University , Nanjing, China
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29
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Belesi M, Philippe T, Rousochatzakis I, Wu HC, Berger H, Granville S, Shvets IV, Ansermet JP. Magnetic properties of the magnetoelectric compound Cu2OSeO3: Magnetization and77Se NMR study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/303/1/012069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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30
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Wu HC, Chen PC, Tsay TT. Assessment of nematode community structure as a bioindicator in river monitoring. Environ Pollut 2010; 158:1741-1747. [PMID: 20004050 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2009] [Revised: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/17/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nematode communities from river water and sediments were assessed for the abundance, feeding types, maturity indices and nematode channel ratio (NCR). The sampling sites studied included different levels of pollution and contamination from agricultural, industrial and sewage sources. The nematode abundance found in the sediment samples was more than that in the water samples. The lowest nematode abundance in sediment samples and the lowest NCR in water samples were both found at the industrial pollution site. Water samples showed positive correlation between the NCR and river pollution index (RPI). Mean maturity indices in sediment samples were inversely correlated with RPI. The pollutant source determined the relationship between NCR and pollution level, while maturity index always showed negative correlation with pollutant level regardless of the pollutant sources. The nematode abundance and its community structure were both reliable bioindicators for monitoring long-term river pollution in both qualitative and quantitative aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuan Rd, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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31
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Chou LW, Wu HC, Lee YR, Jiang JC, Su C, Lin JC. Atomic structure of the Ag/Ge(111)-(sq.rt.(3) x sq.rt.(3)) surface: From scanning tunneling microscopy observation to theoretical study. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:224705. [PMID: 20001074 DOI: 10.1063/1.3268776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The atomic structure of the Ag/Ge(111)-(sq.rt.(3) x sq.rt.(3))R30 degrees surface is studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our STM images have shown a structure which is different from the widely accepted honeycomb-chained-triangle (HCT) model before. The structure is similar to the inequivalent triangle (IET) model found for the Ag/Si(111)-(sq.rt.(3) x sq.rt(3))R30 degrees surface. This model proposed two types of silver triangles with different sizes in the unit cell, corresponding to the bright spots and the dark spots in the STM image. A distinguishable hexagonal pattern of the IET structure was well disclosed in the temperature range from 100 to 473 K in our STM studies for Ag/Ge(111)-(sq.rt.(3) x sq.rt.(3))R30 degrees. Furthermore, the result of the DFT calculations showed that the IET structure is 0.20 eV energetically more stable than the HCT model. Besides, the Ge triangles, which were not disclosed in earlier STM research, are found in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-W Chou
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China
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32
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Yan XQ, Wu HC, Sheng ZM, Chen JE, Meyer-Ter-Vehn J. Self-organizing GeV, nanocoulomb, collimated proton beam from laser foil interaction at 7 x 10;{21} W/cm;{2}. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:135001. [PMID: 19905516 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.135001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report on a self-organizing, quasistable regime of laser proton acceleration, producing 1 GeV nanocoulomb proton bunches from laser foil interaction at an intensity of 7 x 10;{21} W/cm;{2}. The results are obtained from 2D particle-in-cell simulations, using a circular polarized laser pulse with Gaussian transverse profile, normally incident on a planar, 500 nm thick hydrogen foil. While foil plasma driven in the wings of the driving pulse is dispersed, a stable central clump with 1-2lambda diameter is forming on the axis. The stabilization is related to laser light having passed the transparent parts of the foil in the wing region and enfolding the central clump that is still opaque. Varying laser parameters, it is shown that the results are stable within certain margins and can be obtained both for protons and heavier ions such as He;{2+}.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Q Yan
- Max-Planck-Institut fuer Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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33
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Dong XG, Sheng ZM, Wu HC, Wang WM, Zhang J. Single-cycle strong terahertz pulse generation from a vacuum-plasma interface driven by intense laser pulses. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2009; 79:046411. [PMID: 19518363 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.79.046411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Single-cycle strong terahertz pulses can be generated by irradiating ultrashort intense laser pulses onto a tenuous plasma slab. At the plasma surface, laser ponderomotive force accelerates electrons and induces net currents, which radiate terahertz pulses. Our theoretical model suggests that if tau_{L}>2pi/omega_{p}, with tau_{L} as the laser-pulse duration and omega_{p} as the plasma frequency, the emission frequency is around tau_{L};{-1}. On the other hand, the emission frequency is around omega_{p}/2pi if tau_{L}<2pi/omega_{p}. Our numerical simulations support the theoretical model, showing that such a terahertz source is capable of providing megawatt power, field strengths of MV/cm, and broad frequency tunability.
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Affiliation(s)
- X G Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
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34
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Wu HC, Tsai CS, Chou LW, Lee YR, Jiang JC, Su C, Lin JC. A scanning tunneling microscopy study of distyrylbenzene on Ag/Ge(111)-(sqr rt of 3 x sqr rt of 3)R30 degrees. Langmuir 2007; 23:12521-12528. [PMID: 17973407 DOI: 10.1021/la701845p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption and self-organized monolayers of trans,trans-distyrylbenzene (tt-DSB) and cis,cis-distyrylbenzene (cc-DSB) on Ag/Ge(111)-(sqr rt of 3 x sqr rt of 3)R30 degrees (Ag/Ge(111)-sqr rt of 3) were studied by low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in ultrahigh vacuum. tt-DSB and cc-DSB overlayers were prepared by vapor deposition at a substrate temperature of 200 K and imaged after the samples were cooled to 100 K. High-resolution images allow identification of the internal structure of individual tt-DSB molecules with three phenyl rings and their molecular arrangements on the Ag/Ge(111)-sqr rt of 3 surface. It is found that the intermolecular distance between two terminal phenyl rings in tt-DSB is about twice the lattice constant of Ag/Ge(111)-sqr rt of 3. Such a lattice match makes Ag/Ge(111)-sqr rt of 3 an ideal substrate for tt-DSB self-organization and the formation of a (3 x 1) overlayer unit cell. The structural model and the molecule registry corresponding to STM images for the adlayers of tt-DSB on Ag/Ge(111)-sqr rt of 3 are proposed and discussed. For cc-DSB adsorption on Ag/Ge(111)-sqr rt of 3, uniform molecular overlayers with two discernible molecular images corresponding to two major types of cc-DSB conformers were observed. The coexistence of multiple conformers and the mismatch of molecular dimension of cc-DSB with the substrate unit cell length limit the growth of large cc-DSB domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Wu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen JX, Zhang TM, Lim FL, Wu HC, Lei TF, Yeong PK, Xia SJ. Current Knowledge and Attitudes About Organ Donation and Transplantation Among Chinese University Students. Transplant Proc 2006; 38:2761-5. [PMID: 17112824 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.08.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Current attitudes toward organ donation among university students in mainland China and the differences in attitudes between Chinese students in mainland China versus overseas are unknown. To address these issues, we conducted a cross-sectional survey using questionnaires among 922 Chinese undergraduates from mainland China and overseas regions of the world. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Student t tests, chi-square tests, and a logistic regression analysis. We found that blood donors showed significantly better awareness of heart, liver, lung, skin, and tendon donation among commonly transplanted organs/tissues. As to the willingness for cadaveric organ donation, 61.3% of respondents consented, 8.5% objected, and 30.3% answered "not sure." The percentage holding an organ donor card was 15.7% among students from Hong Kong; 3.0%, mainland China; 2.8%, Macau; 2.6%, Taiwan, and 4.0%, other regions of the world. In a logistic regression analysis, female students (odds ratio [OR], 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35 to 3.72) and blood donors (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.10 to 3.32) did, but age and study specialty (medical vs nonmedical) did not show significantly more positive attitudes toward cadaveric organ donation. Compared with students from mainland China, overseas Chinese students from various regions did not show significantly different attitudes toward cadaveric organ donation. In summary, blood donors among university students have a greater knowledge of transplantation and a more positive attitude toward organ donation. Since university students are an important source of blood donors in China, they will be a potential pool of organ donors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- J X Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu Y, Saccucci P, Qi H, Wu HC, Zhao F, Dai Y, Bottini N, Gloria-Bottini F. ADA polymorphisms and asthma: a study in the Chinese Han population. J Asthma 2006; 43:203-6. [PMID: 16754522 DOI: 10.1080/02770900600566827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We have studied a sample of 120 asthmatic patients and 116 healthy control subjects from the Chinese Han population. Three polymorphic sites: ADA(1), ADA(2), and ADA(6), within the ADA gene have been examined. The proportion of carriers of *2 allele at locus ADA(1) is drastically reduced in asthmatics as compared to controls. There is an epistatic interaction of ADA(2) on the ADA(1) site characterized by a suppressive effect by the *2 allele of ADA(2) on the protective effect exerted by the *2 allele of ADA(1) site on susceptibility to asthma. Our data suggest the presence of some DNA sequences influencing the susceptibility to asthma are located in the area between ADA(1) and ADA(2) sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Xijing Hospital, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to elucidate correlations between different biochemical measurements of androgen deficiency and clinical symptoms in male residents of Taiwan. An investigation of the serum biochemical markers for androgen deficiency in 650 males, including total testosterone, calculated free testosterone, and bioavailable testosterone, was conducted. Measurements of clinical symptoms were obtained using a questionnaire of the androgen deficiency in the aging male (ADAM) by St Louis University (SLQ). Correlations among the biochemical markers, correlations of the biochemical markers and age, and relationships between the biochemical markers and the SLQ were evaluated. The sensitivity and specificity of the SLQ were determined. Bioavailable and calculated free testosterone correlated better with age than did total testosterone. Eighty percent of the men had a positive SLQ, and 20% had a negative SLQ. The percentage of positive SLQ results increased with age. No statistically significant difference was noted between the biochemical markers of bioavailable and calculated free testosterone levels and the SLQ status except for men aged over 70 years. The SLQ in this study showed an acceptable sensitivity of about 80%, but the specificity was poor (about 20%). In conclusion, bioavailable testosterone and calculated free testosterone were more-closely correlated with age and may be better biochemical markers for androgen deficiency. SLQ might not be a suitable single measurement for androgen deficiency and should be used together with biochemical markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Lin
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Shin-Kong WHS Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Krupka HI, Rupp B, Segelke BW, Lekin TP, Wright D, Wu HC, Todd P, Azarani A. The high-speed Hydra-Plus-One system for automated high-throughput protein crystallography. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 2002; 58:1523-6. [PMID: 12351853 DOI: 10.1107/s090744490201435x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2002] [Accepted: 08/03/2002] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An automated high-throughput dispenser has been developed for the setup of protein crystallization trials by vapor diffusion or Microbatch methods. The Hydra-Plus-One is composed of a Hydra-PP system equipped with a motorized XYZ-platform, 96 precision glass syringes and a single-channel microsolenoid dispenser, which transfers 100 nl-50 micro l of protein solution with an accuracy of > 90% at a speed of 60s per 96 wells. Up to 300 micro l of premixed cocktails can be aspirated with the 96-syringe-assembly and dispensed into reservoir and droplet wells within 60s. The Hydra-Plus-One combines high precision, reliability and speed in a cost-effective high-throughput system ideally suited for protein crystallization
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike I Krupka
- Macromolecular Crystallography and TB Structural Genomics Consortium, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
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Wu HC, Yen RF, Shen YY, Kao CH, Lin CC, Lee CC. Comparing whole body 18F-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography and technetium-99m methylene diphosphate bone scan to detect bone metastases in patients with renal cell carcinomas - a preliminary report. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2002; 128:503-6. [PMID: 12242515 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-002-0370-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2002] [Accepted: 06/28/2002] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Conventional technetium-99m methylene diphosphate whole body bone scan (bone scan) has a high sensitivity but a poor specificity to detect bone metastases. However, positron emission tomography with 18F-2-deoxyglucose (FDG-PET) can offer superior spatial resolution and improved specificity. We have attempted to evaluate the usefulness of FDG-PET for detecting bone metastases in renal cell carcinomas (RCC) and to compare FDG-PET results with bone scan findings. METHODS Eighteen patients were selected for this study with biopsy-proven RCC. They were suspected of having bone metastases and were undergoing bone scan and FDG-PET to detect bone metastases. The final diagnoses of bone metastases were established by operative, histopathological findings or clinical follow-up longer than 1 year by additional radiographs or following FDG-PET/bone scan findings showing progressive and extensive widespread bone lesions. RESULTS A total of 52 bone lesions including 40 metastatic and 12 benign bone lesions found on either FDG-PET or bone scan were evaluated. FDG-PET could accurately diagnose all 40 metastatic and 12 benign bone lesions. Bone scan could accurately diagnose only 31 metastatic bone lesions. Diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy of FDG-PET were 100% and 100%, respectively,and bone scan were 77.5% and 59.6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that FDG-PET has a higher sensitivity and a better accuracy than that of bone scan to detect bone metastases in patients with RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Wu
- Department of Urology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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40
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Abstract
Current body mass index (BMI) norms for children and adolescents are developed from a reference population that includes obese and slim subjects. The validity of these norms is influenced by the observed secular increase in body weight and BMI. We hypothesized that the performance of children in health-related physical fitness tests would be negatively related to increased BMIs, and therefore fitness tests might be used as criteria for developing a more appropriate set of BMI norms. We evaluated the existing data from a nation-wide fitness survey for students in Taiwan (444 652 boys and 433 555 girls) to examine the relationship between BMI and fitness tests. The fitness tests used included: an 800/1600-m run/walk; a standing long jump; bent-leg curl-ups; and a sit-and-reach test. The BMI percentiles developed from the subgroup whose test scores were better than the 'poor' quartile in all four tests were compared with those of the whole population and linked to the adult criteria for overweight and obesity. The BMIs were significantly related to the results of fitness testing. A total of 43% of students had scores better than the poorest quartile in all of their tests. The upper BMI percentile curves of this fitter subgroup were lower than those of the total population. The 85th and 95th BMI percentile values of the fitter 18-year-old-students (23.7 and 25.5 kg m(-2) for boys; 22.6 and 24.6 kg m(-2) for girls) linked well with the adult cut-off points of 23 and 25 kg m(-2), which have been recommended as the Asian criteria for adult overweight and obesity. Hence, the BMI norms for children and adolescents could be created from selected subgroups that have better physical fitness. We expect that the new norms based on this approach will be used not only to assess the current status of obesity or overweight, but also to encourage activity and exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, China Medical College and Hospital, Taichung, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Shieh J, To C, Carramao J, Nishimura N, Maruta Y, Hashimoto Y, Wright D, Wu HC, Azarani A. High-throughput array production using precision glass syringes. Biotechniques 2002; 32:1360-2, 1364-5. [PMID: 12074167 DOI: 10.2144/02326mt07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The advantages of using 1, 96, or 384 precision glass syringes in automated high-throughput microdispensers in creating highly uniform and reproducible DNA, protein, and organic compound array filters and slides are described. Using the Hydra Microdispenser and Tango Liquid Handling system, 0.1-5 ng (in 50-300 nL) PCR-amplified, human cancer-related genes and housekeeping genes were spotted onto nylon membranes and coated slides. Protein solutions of 50 microg/mL to 1 mg/mL were spotted onto coated slides or onto MaxiSorp 96-well plates. Up to 6144 spots/membrane and up to 1000 spots/slide were printed. The size of the spots created by glass syringes was uniform and reproducible (precision variation of less than 5%) from spot to spot and membrane to membrane. Using a Tango 384 system, a total of ten 6144-spot filters can be produced in approximately 25 min, translating into a spotting speed of 2.5 min/membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Shieh
- Robbins Scientific Corporation, Sunnyvale, CA 94089-2213, USA
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Lin WC, Kuei CH, Wu HC, Yang CC, Chang HY. Method for the determination of dialkyl phosphates in urine by strong anion exchange disk extraction and in-vial derivatization. J Anal Toxicol 2002; 26:176-80. [PMID: 11991535 DOI: 10.1093/jat/26.3.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A method for the determination of four dialkylphosphate metabolites in urine by strong anion exchange disk (SAX) was investigated. Calcium hydroxide was added to a 1-mL urine sample to reduce interference. The aliquot was passed through the SAX disk to accumulate dialkylphosphate metabolites on the disk. The retained dialkylphosphate metabolites were derivatized with methyl iodide in acetonitrile online, and the resulting methyl esters of dialkylphosphate metabolites were directly analyzed by capillary column gas chromatography with flame photometric detection. The recoveries of these dialkylphosphate metabolites were found to be stable. When the intact sample was diluted with deionized water at a 1:1 ratio, the recoveries were both increased and stabilized. The urine samples collected from eight fruit farmers showed that levels of dialkylphosphate metabolites in urine were significantly different before and after pesticide application, indicating the method established in this study is applicable for real sample analysis. Compared with previous studies, this method not only can greatly simplify sample preparation, but it can also significantly reduce the consumption of toxic solvents in sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Lin
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
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Ma DH, Chen JK, Kim WS, Hao YX, Wu HC, Tsai RJ, Hwang DG, Zhang F. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 and 2 in inflammation-induced corneal neovascularization. Ophthalmic Res 2001; 33:353-62. [PMID: 11721189 DOI: 10.1159/000055693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMPs) have been linked to the angiogenic process in general. In order to understand the potential roles of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMPs in the corneal neovascularization process, we examined the expression and activities of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMPs during the course of cauterization-induced corneal neovascularization in a rat model. METHODS Neovascularization of rat corneas was induced by silver nitrate cauterization. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 was examined by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. The protein activities of MMPs and TIMPs were compared in pre- and postcauterization corneas by gelatin zymography and reverse zymography, respectively. RESULTS MMP-2, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 immunoreactivities were expressed in normal corneas, predominantly in the corneal epithelium. After injury, immunoreactivities of both MMPs and TIMPs were increased, notably in the healing corneal epithelium, infiltrating inflammatory cells, stromal fibroblasts and ingrowing vascular endothelial cells. The increase in gross MMP-2 enzymatic activity paralleled the maximal vascular ingrowth on day 4, while the gross MMP-9 enzymatic activity rose immediately on day 1, then decreased steadily, which paralleled the magnitude of inflammatory cell infiltration. The immunoreactivity of MMPs/TIMPs decreased significantly 2 weeks after cauterization. On day 35, MMP-2, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 staining was seen only in corneal epithelium and vascular endothelial cells. Both the RT-PCR and reverse zymography results revealed a more constant expression of TIMP-2, while the TIMP-1 expression appeared to be more inducible. CONCLUSION MMPs as well as TIMPs were upregulated in cauterization-induced corneal neovascularization, suggesting that both may participate in extracellular matrix remodeling in the corneal wound healing, inflammation and neovascularization processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Ma
- Ocular Cell and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, Calif., 94143-0730, USA
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Chen WC, Wu HC, Chen HY, Wu MC, Hsu CD, Tsai FJ. Interleukin-1beta gene and receptor antagonist gene polymorphisms in patients with calcium oxalate stones. Urol Res 2001; 29:321-4. [PMID: 11762793 DOI: 10.1007/s002400100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) might play a role in the process of bone loss and hypercalciuria and is therefore considered to be involved in the formation of urinary stones. The aim of this study is to test whether the IL-1beta promoter region, exon 5 region and IL-1 receptor antagonist gene intron 2 polymorphisms could be genetic markers for the susceptibility to the formation of urinary stones. A control group of 152 healthy people and a group of 105 patients with recurrent calcium oxalate stone were examined in this study. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyzed the variable number tandem repeats at intron 2 of the IL-1Ra gene for the polymorphisms. PCR-based restriction analysis was done for the IL-1beta gene polymorphisms of the promoter region and exon 5 by the endonucleases Ava I and Taq I, respectively. The polymorphisms studied in the IL-1beta genes did not reveal a strong association with calcium oxalate stone disease when compared with the control group (promoter region by chi-square test, P=0.627: exon 5 region by Fisher's exact test, P = 0.403). Only two frequent alleles of the IL-1Ra gene corresponding to one and two copies of an 86-bp sequence repeat were identified by PCR. The result revealed significant differences between control individuals and stone patients (P < 0.01. Fisher's exact test). In addition, the frequency of the type I allele in the stone group (99.0%) was higher than in the control group (94.0%). The odds ratio for the type I allele of the IL-1Ra gene in calcium oxalate stone disease is 6.041 (95% CI: 1.683 approximately 21.687). There is an association between urolithiasis and polymorphism in the IL-1Ra gene. No significant difference was found when dividing the stone patients into groups with normocalciuria and hypercalciuria in relation to these genetic polymorphisms. Further studies of the type I allele of the IL-IRa gene are worthwhile because of its correlation with stone disease. In our study, neither the IL-1beta promoter region nor the exon 5 polymorphisms were significantly different when comparing control subjects and calcium oxalate stone patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chen
- Department of Urology, China Medical College Hospital, China Medical College, Taiwan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of urolithiasis with polymorphic microsatellite (encoding cytosine, adenine, and guanine, CAG) repeats in the exon 1 region of the androgen receptor (AR) gene and thymine/adenine (TA) repeats in the oestrogen receptor (ER). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with urolithiasis (149) and a group of normal controls (102) were examined and compared. The CAG repeats of the AR gene and TA repeats of the ER gene were detected by polymerase chain reaction. The CAG repeats ranged from 171 bp (10 CAG repeats with 141 bp of amplified flanking sequences) to 270 bp (43 CAG repeats). The TA repeats ranged from 160 bp to 194 bp. Associations between calcium oxalate stone disease and the CAG repeats in AR gene and TA repeats in ER gene were then evaluated. The results were classified according to sex and peaks in allelic frequency distribution. RESULTS There was a significant difference between the male stone patients and the normal controls in the distribution of CAG repeats in the AR gene. Both groups showed a high percentage of 21-repeats in the allelic distribution, at 17 (16%) and 20 (37%) in stone patients and normal controls, respectively. The results indicate that 21-CAG repeats might be related to a lower risk of stone formation in men (P < 0.05). In the ER gene, the peak allelic distribution of TA repeats was 14, showing a significant difference between male stone patients and the normal control subjects (P < 0.01). There were no statistical differences between female stone patients and the control subjects in either the AR or the ER gene. CONCLUSION Urolithiasis among men appears to be associated with AR gene CAG repeat and ER gene TA repeat polymorphisms, whereas there was no significant association among female stone patients. These sex hormone receptors seem to be related to the higher incidence of stone formation among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chen
- Department of Urology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if fine needle aspiration (FNA) can preclude the requirement for diagnostic open biopsy in suspicious pediatric head and neck masses. METHODS The records of 40 children presenting to an inner city tertiary care hospital who underwent a total of 50 FNA biopsies during the years 1988-1999 were reviewed. From these 40 patients, 17 children, aged 3 months to 18 years, underwent both clinically indicated FNA biopsy and subsequent open surgical biopsy or excision. Outcome measurements included clinical resolution or surgical pathologic diagnosis. RESULTS The 17 patients who underwent open surgical biopsy subsequent to the FNA had a total of 21 FNAs performed. Three of these patients had more than one needle biopsy prior to surgery. The histologic diagnosis of the surgical excision confirmed the FNA biopsy cytologic diagnosis in all but two cases. FNA cytologic diagnostic categories included reactive lymph node/non-specific inflammation (25 biopsies), benign cystic process (four), granulomatous disease (eight), malignant neoplasm (three), and benign neoplasm (one). Eight of nine FNAs initially non-diagnostic had either complete resolution of the mass or a diagnosis obtained by subsequent FNA or open biopsy. CONCLUSIONS FNA is a valuable diagnostic tool in the management of children with the clinical presentation of a suspicious neck mass. The technique reduces the need for more invasive and costly procedures. Early surgical biopsy, however, should be considered in rapidly enlarging masses, in the presence of persistent systemic symptoms, and when repeated FNA cytology is non-diagnostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, 530 First Avenue, Suite 3C, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the maximum acceptable work duration (MAWD) for high-intensity work. Thirty young individuals participated in this study. Their maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) and maximum work rate (MWR) were assessed first. Each subject then performed two cycling tests (60% and 70% MWR) on two separate days. Oxygen uptake and heart rate data were collected throughout the test. The results indicate that the MAWD in the 60% MWR test (18.8 min) was about threefold greater than the MAWD in the 70% MWR test (6.5 min). The MAWD was inversely correlated with the relative workload indices: relative oxygen uptake (RVO2; r = -0.82, P < 0.001) and relative heart rate (RHR; r = -0.79, P < 0.001). The RVO2 was defined as the elevation in oxygen uptake from the resting level as a percentage of the difference between maximum and resting oxygen uptake. The RHR was defined as the elevation in heart rate from the resting level as a percentage of the difference between maximum and restingheart rate. Furthermore, more than 80% of the variations were explained by the exponential decrease regression model for predicting MAWD using the above two variables. The findings of this study can provide useful information for the design of high-intensity jobs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Wu
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2 Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 30043, ROC
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Abstract
Using a homemade electrogastrography (EGG) system, we studied the characteristics of myoelectrical rhythm in gastric cancer (GC) patients. Based on a short-term Fourier transform, recorded slow waves could be automatically analyzed to obtain the following parameters: dominant frequency/power, percent of normal rhythm (2.4-3.7 cpm), power ratio, etc. Fifty histologically confirmed GC patients (34 men, 16 women) were enrolled before surgical intervention to measure their fasting and postprandial EGG parameters for 30 min. The cancerous parameters of GC patients were then obtained postoperatively. In addition, 46 healthy subjects were enrolled for comparison. When compared to controls, GC patients had the following characteristics: absence of postprandial increase in dominant frequency (GC: 3.04 +/- 0.47 vs 3.07 +/- 0.44 cpm, NS; controls: 3.02 +/- 0.31 vs 3.21 +/- 0.25 cpm, P < 0.001), marked power response after meal (P < 0.05), and obvious power ratio (4.58 +/- 7.38 vs 2.27 +/- 2.05, P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that advanced GC was the factor responsible for the obvious dominant power enhancement after meal (P < 0.05). Other demographic, clinical, and cancerous factors did not influence EGG parameters. We conclude that apparent arrhythmia is not encountered in GC patients, although they mainly exhibit obvious postprandial power response. Advanced GC is likely responsible for this power enhancement on EGG recording.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Y Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taiwan
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Abstract
The heterotrimeric GTP-binding regulatory proteins (G proteins) play an important role in the regulation of membrane signal transduction. Recently, we identified the association of Go protein with mitotic spindles. Here we have investigated the relationship between Go protein and microtubules. We used temperature-dependent reversible assembly and taxol methods to purify microtubules from bovine brains. Goalpha and Gbeta proteins were identified in the microtubular fraction by both methods. The Goalpha subunit in the microtubular fraction could be ADP ribosylated by pertussis toxin. Co-immunoprecipitation data also revealed that Go protein can interact with microtubules. Exogenous Go protein could be incorporated into the assembled microtubular fraction, and 5 microg/ml (60 nM) of Go protein inhibited 40% of microtubule assembly. Western blot analysis of Goalpha-1 and Goalpha-2 in microtubular fractions showed that only Goalpha-1 is associated with microtubules. We conclude that the Goalpha-1betagamma proteins are associated with microtubules and may play some role in regulating the assembly and disassembly of microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Wu
- Institute of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wu HC, Yeh CT, Huang YL, Tarn LJ, Lung CC. Characterization of neutralizing antibodies and identification of neutralizing epitope mimics on the Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type A. Appl Environ Microbiol 2001; 67:3201-7. [PMID: 11425742 PMCID: PMC93001 DOI: 10.1128/aem.67.7.3201-3207.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type A (BTx-A) is known to inhibit the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junctions and synapses and to cause neuroparalysis and death. In this study, we have identified two monoclonal antibodies, BT57-1 and BT150-3, which protect ICR mice against lethal doses of BTx-A challenge. The neutralizing activities for BT57-1 and BT150-3 were 10(3) and 10(4) times the 50% lethal dose, respectively. Using immunoblotting analysis, BT57-1 was recognized as a light chain and BT150-3 was recognized as a heavy chain of BTx-A. Also, applying the phage display method, we investigated the antibodies' neutralizing B-cell epitopes. These immunopositive phage clones displayed consensus motifs, Asp-Pro-Leu for BT57-1 and Cys-X-Asp-Cys for BT150. The synthetic peptide P4M (KGTFDPLQEPRT) corresponded to the phage-displayed peptide selected by BT57-1 and was able to bind the antibodies specifically. This peptide was also shown by competitive inhibition assay to be able to inhibit phage clone binding to BT57-1. Aspartic acid (D(5)) in P4M was crucial to the binding of P4M to BT57-1, since its binding activity dramatically decreased when it was changed to lysine (K(5)). Finally, immunizing mice with the selected phage clones elicited a specific humoral response against BTx-A. These results suggest that phage-displayed random-peptide libraries are useful in identifying the neutralizing epitopes of monoclonal antibodies. In the future, the identification of the neutralizing epitopes of BTx-A may provide important information for the identification of the BTx-A receptor and the design of a BTx-A vaccine.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bacterial/biosynthesis
- Antibodies, Bacterial/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/biosynthesis
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Botulinum Toxins, Type A/chemistry
- Botulinum Toxins, Type A/genetics
- Botulinum Toxins, Type A/immunology
- Botulism/microbiology
- Botulism/prevention & control
- Clostridium botulinum/immunology
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/chemistry
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Immunization
- Immunoblotting
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Molecular Mimicry
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Neutralization Tests
- Peptide Library
- Peptides/chemical synthesis
- Peptides/immunology
- Peptides/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Wu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, San-Hsia, Taiwan.
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