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Ikeuchi S, Hirose S, Shimada K, Koyama A, Ishida S, Katayama N, Suzuki T, Tokairin A, Tsukamoto M, Tsue Y, Yamaguchi K, Osako H, Hiwatashi S, Chiba Y, Akiyama H, Hayashidani H, Hara-Kudo Y. Isolation of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli from the Surfaces of Beef Carcasses in Slaughterhouses in Japan. J Food Prot 2024; 87:100263. [PMID: 38484844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) is an important foodborne pathogen worldwide. It is necessary to control and prevent STEC contamination on beef carcasses in slaughterhouses because STEC infection is associated with beef consumption. However, the frequencies of STEC contamination of beef carcasses in various slaughterhouses in Japan are not well known. Herein, we investigated the contamination of beef carcasses with STEC in slaughterhouses to assess the potential risks of STEC. In total, 524 gauze samples were collected from the surfaces of beef carcasses at 12 domestic slaughterhouses from November 2020 to February 2023. The samples were measured for aerobic plate counts and tested for pathogenic genes (stx and eae) and major O-serogroups (O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145, and O157) by real-time PCR screening. Subsequently, immunomagnetic separation (IMS) was performed on samples positive for stx, eae, and at least one of the seven O-serogroups of STEC. Isolation process without IMS was performed on samples positive for stx, including those subjected to IMS. STEC O157:H7 and stx-positive E. coli other than serotype O157:H7 were isolated from 0.6% and 4.6% of beef carcass surfaces, respectively. Although the STEC O157:H7 isolation rate was low and stx-positive E. coli other than serotype O157:H7 belonged to minor O-serogroups, the results mean a risk of foodborne illness. Furthermore, a moderate correlation was observed between aerobic plate counts and detection rates of stx-positive samples by real-time PCR screening. The STEC O157:H7 isolated facilities showed higher values on aerobic plate counts and detection rates of stx-positive samples than the mean values of total samples. Therefore, these results suggest that it is important to evaluate hygiene treatments against beef carcasses for the reduction of STEC contamination risk, particularly in facilities with high aerobic plate counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Ikeuchi
- Division of Microbiology, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Shouhei Hirose
- Division of Microbiology, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Kohei Shimada
- Section of Meat Inspection, Division of Food Hygiene, Bureau of Health and Safety, Department of Health and Welfare, Hokkaido Government, Kita 3-jo, Nishi 6-chome, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8588, Japan
| | - Ayako Koyama
- Higashimokoto Meat Inspection Center, 72-1, Chigusa, Higashimokoto, Ozora, Abashiri District, Hokkaido 099-3231, Japan
| | - Shoji Ishida
- Hokkaido Hayakita Meat Inspection Center, 695, Toasa, Abira-cho, Yufutsu District, Hokkaido 059-1433, Japan
| | - Naoto Katayama
- Tokushima Prefectural Meat Inspection Centre, 2-140-3 Fudohon-machi, Tokushima, Tokushima 770-0063, Japan
| | - Takehiko Suzuki
- Hokkaido Obihiro Meat Inspection Center, North 2, West 25, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-2465, Japan
| | - Akiko Tokairin
- Towada Meat Inspection Center, 1-13, Sambongi Nozaki, Towada, Aomori 034-0001, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tsukamoto
- Gifu Prefectural Hida Meat Inspection Office, 17-1 Maehara-machi, Takayama, Gifu 506-0048, Japan
| | - Yuki Tsue
- Miyazaki Prefecture Tsuno Meat Inspection Center, 15530, Kawakita, Tsuno-cho, Koyu-gun, Miyazaki 889-1201, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamaguchi
- Akita City Meat Hygiene Inspection Office, 2-6 Dosaka, Jinnai, Kawabe, Akita, Akita 019-2631, Japan
| | - Hideo Osako
- Kumamoto Prefectural Meat Inspection Office, 1341 Sozaki, Shichijyo-machi, Kikuchi, Kumamoto 861-1344, Japan
| | - Sachiko Hiwatashi
- Nagasaki Prefectural Isahaya Meat Inspection Station, 79-20 Saiwai-machi, Isahaya, Nagasaki 854-0022, Japan
| | - Yumi Chiba
- Division of Microbiology, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akiyama
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Hideki Hayashidani
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yukiko Hara-Kudo
- Division of Microbiology, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan; Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
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Sassa-O'Brien Y, Ohya K, Ikeuchi S, Sanada N, Sanada Y, Kojima A, Yorisaki M, Ebisawa K, Ueda K, Iki H, Mizukami M, Hayashidani H, Fukushi H. Diversity of Chlamydiales detected in pet birds privately kept in individual homes in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:907-911. [PMID: 37460299 PMCID: PMC10539824 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia-related bacteria of the Chlamydiales order have recently been described as emerging pathogens that cause pneumonia and abortion in animals and humans. We investigated the presence of Chlamydiales using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by targeting the 16S rRNA gene of a broad range of Chlamydiales in 827 fecal samples from pet birds kept in individual homes in Japan. Of the 827 samples, 493 (59.6%) tested positive for the Chlamydiales 16S rRNA gene in the real-time PCR assay. We determined the nucleic acid sequences of PCR products from 17 Chlamydiales strains. A homology search and phylogenetic analysis using these sequences confirmed that the detected Chlamydiales included C. pecorum and a broad range of Chlamydia-related bacteria. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to detect a wide range of Chlamydia-related bacteria in birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Sassa-O'Brien
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Ohya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Present address: National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ikeuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Masaya Mizukami
- Mizukami Veterinary Hospital, Dogs, Cats and Birds, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Hayashidani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideto Fukushi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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Ikeuchi S, Hien BT, Sassa-O'brien Y, Niwa T, Okumura M, Hara-Kudo Y, Taniguchi T, Hayashidani H. Development of detection methods by multiplex real-time PCR for highly pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica, low pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis based on SYBR green and TaqMan probes. J Microbiol Methods 2023:106779. [PMID: 37406739 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop multiplex real-time PCR methods using SYBR Green and TaqMan probes for rapid and sensitive diagnosis, differentiating three pathogenic Yersinia groups such as highly pathogenic Y. enterocolitica, low pathogenic Y. enterocolitica, and Y. pseudotuberculosis. Specific primer and probe combinations for differentiating three pathogenic Yersinia groups were designed from three chromosomally encoded genes (ail, fyuA, and inv). Twenty-six stains of pathogenic Yersinia species including 6 strains of low pathogenic Y. enterocolitica serotypes, 7 strains of highly pathogenic Y. enterocolitica serotypes, and 13 strains of pathogenic Y. pseudotuberculosis were used for specificity testing. Specific patterns of real-time amplification signals distinguished three pathogenic Yersinia groups. A detection limit of approximately 101 colony forming units (CFU) /reaction of genomic DNA was determined based on plate counts. Furthermore, the multiplex real-time PCR methods also detected Y. enterocolitica O:8 from the DNA extracted from spiked rabbit blood samples and potentially infected wild rodent fecal samples. These results demonstrated that the multiplex real-time PCR methods developed in this study are useful for rapid detection and differentiation of three pathogenic Yersinia groups. Therefore, these methods provide a new monitoring and detection capability to understand the epidemiology of pathogenic Yersinia and to diagnose three pathogenic Yersinia groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Ikeuchi
- Division of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Bui Thi Hien
- Division of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Sassa-O'brien
- Division of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Niwa
- Division of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Minato Okumura
- Division of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Hara-Kudo
- Division of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Microbiology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Takahide Taniguchi
- Division of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hideki Hayashidani
- Division of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
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Nguyen TK, Nguyen LT, Chau TTH, Nguyen TT, Tran BN, Taniguchi T, Hayashidani H, Ly KTL. Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolated from poultry and its environment in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Vet World 2021; 14:3216-3223. [PMID: 35153415 PMCID: PMC8829407 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.3216-3223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Salmonella is one of the leading causes of zoonotic and foodborne infectious outbreaks in humans and poultry and its associated environment is a potential reservoir of Salmonella. In recent years, the antibiotic resistance of bacteria, including Salmonella, has been increasing. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolated from poultry, its environment, and the pest animals found at poultry farms and households of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Materials and Methods: A total of 3,055 samples were collected from the broiler farms and households of the Mekong Delta from 2017 to 2020. Salmonella was isolated using conventional methods (culturing on selective agar – BPLS and biochemical test) and the isolates were examined for antibiotic resistance against 14 antibiotics using the disk diffusion method. Results: Salmonella was isolated from 181 samples (5.92%), which included chicken feces (7.67%), pest animals (5.98%), and environmental samples (4.33%). The environmental samples comprised bedding (5.88%), feed (5.48%), and drinking water (0.70%). The prevalence of Salmonella was the highest in rats (15.63%) and geckos (12.25%) followed by ants (2.83%) and cockroaches (2.44%); however, Salmonella was not isolated from any fly species. Most of the isolates exhibited resistance to 1-9 antibiotics. The isolates were relatively resistant to chloramphenicol (62.98%), tetracycline (55.80%), ampicillin (54.14%), and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (53.04%). Sixty-two multiple resistance patterns were found in the isolates, with ampicillin-cefuroxime-chloramphenicol-tetracycline- sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim being the most frequent (7.18%). Conclusion: The chickens, husbandry environment, and pest animals at poultry farms and households were found to be important Salmonella sources in the Mekong Delta. Salmonella isolates from these sources also exhibited a wide-ranging resistance to antibiotics as well as several resistance patterns. Hence, biosecurity should be addressed in poultry farms and households to prevent cross-contamination and reduce the spread of Salmonella infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuan K. Nguyen
- Department of Veterinary, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam
| | - Lam T. Nguyen
- Department of Veterinary, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam
| | - Trang T. H. Chau
- Department of Veterinary, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam
| | - Tam T. Nguyen
- Department of Veterinary, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam
| | - Bich N. Tran
- Department of Veterinary, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam
| | - Takahide Taniguchi
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hideki Hayashidani
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Khai T. L. Ly
- Department of Veterinary, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam
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Bui TH, Ikeuchi S, O'Brien YS, Niwa T, Hara-Kudo Y, Taniguchi T, Hayashidani H. Multiplex PCR method for differentiating highly pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica and low pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:1982-1987. [PMID: 34732607 PMCID: PMC8762423 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A multiplex PCR method for rapid and sensitive diagnosis, differentiating three pathogenic Yersinia groups such as the highly pathogenic Y. enterocolitica, including serotype O8, low pathogenic Y. enterocolitica, and Y. pseudotuberculosis, was developed. Four primer pairs were chosen to detect the genes fyuA, ail, inv, and virF, responsible for the virulence in pathogenic Yersinia species. Under the multiplex PCR conditions, the unique band patterns for the highly pathogenic Y. enterocolitica, low pathogenic Y. enterocolitica, and Y. pseudotuberculosis were generated from Yersinia strains. The detection limit of this method was 101-103 CFU per reaction tube. This multiplex PCR method could detect highly pathogenic Y. enterocolitica O8 from the wild rodent fecal samples that were culture-positive. Therefore, the new multiplex PCR method developed in this study is a useful tool for rapid and sensitive diagnosis, distinguishing three pathogenic Yersinia groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Hien Bui
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ikeuchi
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yukiko Sassa O'Brien
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Takeshi Niwa
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yukiko Hara-Kudo
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Takahide Taniguchi
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hideki Hayashidani
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Ikeuchi S, Hien BT, Thuan NK, Thi L, Hara-Kudo Y, Taniguchi T, Hayashidani H. [Contamination of Pathogenic Escherichia coli in Retail Fresh Vegetables in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam]. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 2021; 62:94-99. [PMID: 34219102 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.62.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
From July 2017 to January 2019, total of 645 retail fresh vegetables collected from 19 retail shops and markets was investigated to know the contamination of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). Of 645 samples, 2 samples (0.3%) were positive for pathogenic E. coli. Of 2 pathogenic E. coli positive samples, 1 was EHEC (stx2 positive) and the other was ETEC (sta positive). Two pathogenic E. coli strains were isolated from crisphead lettuce. EHEC strain was not serotyped by commercial antisera and ETEC was serotyped as O20. EHEC and ETEC strains showed multi-drug resistance against 4 and 7 antibiotics, respectively. These results indicate that retail fresh vegetables seem to be not an important source of human EHEC and ETEC infection in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Ikeuchi
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agricultureand Technology
| | - Bui Thi Hien
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Nguyen Khanh Thuan
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Cantho University
| | - Ly Thi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Cantho University
| | | | - Takahide Taniguchi
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agricultureand Technology.,Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Hideki Hayashidani
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agricultureand Technology.,Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
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Nguyen KT, Hasegawa M, Vo TMT, Huynh TL, Nagata E, Ly TLK, Taniguchi T, Hayashidani H. Wild geckos considered as the natural reservoir of Salmonella Weltevreden in Southeast Asian countries. Zoonoses Public Health 2021; 68:815-822. [PMID: 34151522 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A total of 1,318 wild geckos were collected in Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam (Hue and the Mekong Delta) from 2012 to 2015 to determine the prevalence of Salmonella Weltevreden. Those geckos belong to three species: common house gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus), flat-tailed house gecko (Hemidactylus platyurus) and four-clawed gecko (Gehyra mutilata). Of 1,318 gecko samples, 293 (22.2%) samples were positive for Salmonella in this study. The prevalence of Salmonella in geckos was 46.0% in Thailand, 17.3% in Cambodia and 16.3% in Vietnam. Among the Salmonella isolates, S. Weltevreden was the most predominant serovar (32.1%) isolated from wild geckos in these countries. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of Salmonella among gecko species. All S. Weltevreden isolates (100%) were susceptible to the nine antibiotics examined in this study. The PFGE assay by XbaI enzyme identified 19 different patterns from 75 S. Weltevreden isolates. These isolates showed high genetic heterogenicity, and there were specific types prevalent in each region. Furthermore, S. Weltevreden has been prevalent since the ancient times in this region. The results indicate that wild gecko seems to be an important natural reservoir for S. Weltevreden as well as a source of Salmonella infections in humans in Southeast Asian countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh Thuan Nguyen
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.,Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam
| | - Mizuki Hasegawa
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thi Minh Tam Vo
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.,University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, Hue city, Vietnam
| | | | - Emi Nagata
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Nguyen TK, Bui HT, Truong TA, Lam DN, Ikeuchi S, Ly LKT, Hara-Kudo Y, Taniguchi T, Hayashidani H. Retail fresh vegetables as a potential source of Salmonella infection in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 341:109049. [PMID: 33493824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
From July 2017 to Jan 2019, a total of 572 retail fresh vegetables were collected to clarify the contamination of Salmonella in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Salmonella was isolated from 74 (12.9%) of 572 samples. The isolation rate of Salmonella from retail fresh vegetables in the rainy season (15.3%) was significantly higher than that in the dry season (7.6%) (P < 0.05). Of 74 Salmonella isolates, Salmonella Weltevreden was the most predominant serovar (35.1%) identified from retail fresh vegetables in all of the wet markets. All S. Weltevreden isolates (100%) were susceptible to nine antibiotics examined. Thus, retail fresh vegetables were considered as an important potential vehicle of Salmonella transmission to humans in the Mekong Delta. These results provide important data for preventing and controlling human salmonellosis in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuan Khanh Nguyen
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan; Can Tho University, Capus II, 3/2 street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Viet Nam
| | - Hien Thi Bui
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thy Anh Truong
- Can Tho University, Capus II, 3/2 street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Viet Nam
| | - Diep Ngoc Lam
- Can Tho University, Capus II, 3/2 street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Viet Nam
| | - Shunsuke Ikeuchi
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lien Khai Thi Ly
- Can Tho University, Capus II, 3/2 street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Viet Nam
| | - Yukiko Hara-Kudo
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Takahide Taniguchi
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Hayashidani
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan.
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9
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Hashimoto T, Takenaka R, Fukuda H, Hashinaga K, Nureki SI, Hayashidani H, Sakamoto T, Shigemitsu O. Septic shock due to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in an adult immunocompetent patient: a case report and literature review. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:36. [PMID: 33413171 PMCID: PMC7792195 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05733-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection can occur in an immunocompromised host. Although rare, bacteremia due to Y. pseudotuberculosis may also occur in immunocompetent hosts. The prognosis and therapeutic strategy, especially for immunocompetent patients with Y. pseudotuberculosis bacteremia, however, remains unknown. Case presentation A 38-year-old Japanese man with a mood disorder presented to our hospital with fever and diarrhea. Chest computed tomography revealed consolidation in the right upper lobe with air bronchograms. He was diagnosed with pneumonia, and treatment with intravenous ceftriaxone and azithromycin was initiated. The ceftriaxone was replaced with doripenem and the azithromycin was discontinued following the detection of Gram-negative rod bacteria in 2 sets of blood culture tests. The isolated Gram-negative rod bacteria were confirmed to be Y. pseudotuberculosis. Thereafter, he developed septic shock. Doripenem was switched to cefmetazole, which was continued for 14 days. He recovered without relapse. Conclusions We herein report a case of septic shock due to Y. pseudotuberculosis infection in an adult immunocompetent patient. The appropriate microorganism tests and antibiotic therapy are necessary to treat patients with Y. pseudotuberculosis bacteremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Hashimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Takenaka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Haruka Fukuda
- Advanced Trauma, Emergency, and Critical Care Center, Oita University Hospital, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hashinaga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Nureki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Hideki Hayashidani
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Teruo Sakamoto
- Advanced Trauma, Emergency, and Critical Care Center, Oita University Hospital, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Osamu Shigemitsu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
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Trang CTH, Nakanishi M, Hayashidani H, Taniguchi T. Development of an indirect ELISA based on soluble antigen produced from virus-infected cells for detection of porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus. J Virol Methods 2020; 289:114016. [PMID: 33290788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.114016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV) is a member of the genus Betacoronavirus and is the etiologic agent of encephalomyelitis or vomiting and wasting disease in neonatal pigs. Although there are only a few epidemiological studies that document the seroprevalence of PHEV infection, there are reports of sporadic outbreaks, including recent documentation of an influenza-like respiratory disease associated with PHEV in the United States. To address this issue, we have developed a new indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for use in sero-epidemiological research of PHEV infection. One hundred and fifty porcine serum samples that were determined as antibody-positive or antibody-negative in virus neutralization (VN) tests were used in conjunction with PHEV-specific antigen extracted from virus-infected FS-L3 cells using RBS buffer containing 0.2 % NP-40 to develop this assay. The ELISA showed a high sensitivity (95.35 %) and specificity (96.88 %) by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.996 attesting to its accuracy. Our results revealed a strong correlation between the results of the indirect ELISA and VN test (R = 0.850, P < 0.05), with near-perfect agreement (kappa value = 0.932). These results indicate that this new indirect ELISA might be useful for diagnosis and sero-epidemiological tracking of PHEV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chau Thi Huyen Trang
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakanishi
- Research and Development Section, Institute of Animal Health, National Federation of Agricultural Co-operative Association, 7 Ohja-machi, Sakura-shi, Chiba-ken, 285-0043, Japan
| | - Hideki Hayashidani
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Takahide Taniguchi
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
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11
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Nguyen KT, Hasegawa M, Nguyen TT, Vo TMT, Tran THT, Ly TLK, Taniguchi T, Hayashidani H. The importance of wild gecko as a source of human Salmonella infection. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1345-1347. [PMID: 29952345 PMCID: PMC6115268 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 201 wild geckos from the region of Mekong Delta, Vietnam were collected to
determine the viable number and survival period of Salmonella in their
feces. Of the 101 samples examined, 24 (23.8%) were Salmonella positive.
These 24 geckos excreted Salmonella in their feces in a range of 1 to 8.6
log CFU/g with a mean of 4.5 ± 3.2 log CFU/g. Among the Salmonella
serovars, Salmonella Weltevreden was the most predominant serovar
(37.5%). Moreover, Salmonella could survive for 6 weeks in gecko feces at
room temperature in Vietnam. These results indicate that the wild gecko seems to play an
important role as a reservoir for Salmonella and a source of
Salmonella infection in humans in Southeast Asian countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh Thuan Nguyen
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Mizuki Hasegawa
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Thu Tam Nguyen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho city, Vietnam
| | - Thi Minh Tam Vo
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Thi Hong To Tran
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Thi Lien Khai Ly
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho city, Vietnam
| | - Takahide Taniguchi
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hideki Hayashidani
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Nakamura S, Yoshimura Y, Hayashidani H, Iwata T, Iseda S, Une Y. Fatal Salmonellosis in Captive Maras ( Dolichotis patagonum ) Caused by Salmonella Enteritidis. J Comp Pathol 2017; 156:440-445. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Thuan NK, Naher K, Kubo R, Taniguchi T, Hayashidani H. Evaluation of Chromogenic Medium for Selective Isolation of Yersinia. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 2016; 57:166-168. [PMID: 27784868 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.57.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin agar (CIN) has been used as a selective agar to detect Yersinia in food or human patients; however, its components can inhibit the growth of some strains of Yersinia enterocolitica serovar O3 and Y. pseudotuberculosis. Recently, a new Yersinia selective agar, CHROMagar Yersinia enterocolitica (CAYe), was developed and evaluated as a novel selective agar for pathogenic Y. enterocolitica. In this research, a total of 251Yersinia strains (176 pathogenic Y. enterocolitica, 59 Y. pseudotuberculosis, and 16 non-pathogenic Yersinia) were cultured on both CIN and CAYe for comparison. Except for 10 of 104 pathogenic Y. enterocolitica O3 strains and 59 Y. pseudotuberculosis strains, 198 Yersinia isolates grew on both media after 48 hr of incubation at 32℃. Of the 10 pathogenic Y. enterocolitica O3 which could not grow on CIN or CAYe, 9 strains could not grow on CIN with supplements and 1 strain could not grow CAYe with supplements. Of 9 strains which did not grow on CIN with supplements, 3 strains could not grow on CIN without supplements. However, 1 strain which did not grow on CAYe with supplements could grow on CAYe without supplements. All of the Y. pseudotuberculosis strains could grow on CIN with/without supplements and on CAYe without supplements. The results indicate that the inhibition of the growth of Y. enterocolitica O3 on CIN is related to the components of CIN; however, the inhibition on CAYe appears to be related to the supplements in CAYe. Therefore, CAYe may be a more useful selective medium than CIN for pathogenic Y. enterocolitica .
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Nakamura SI, Hayashidani H, Sotohira Y, Une Y. Yersiniosis caused by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in captive toucans (Ramphastidae) and a Japanese squirrel (Sciurus lis) in zoological gardens in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 78:297-9. [PMID: 26346565 PMCID: PMC4785121 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Two captive Keel-billed toucans and a Chestnut-mandibled toucan in another zoological garden died suddenly
without any pre-existing symptoms, and three months later, a Japanese squirrel died of diarrhea. All these
animals showed necrotic enteritis and multifocal necrosis in the liver and spleen with Gram negative bacilli.
The bacilli showed strong positive immunolabeling for Yersinia pseudotuberculosis O4 in the
Keel-billed toucans, Y. pseudotuberculosis O2 in the Chestnut-mandibled toucan and Y.
pseudotuberculosis O1 in the Japanese squirrel, while Y. pseudotuberculosis 4b, 2b
and 1b were respectively isolated from the lesions. To our knowledge, this might be the first reported case of
fatal yersiniosis in a Japanese squirrel in the world as well as in toucans in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichi Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
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15
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Nakamura SI, Hayashidani H, Yonezawa A, Suzuki I, Une Y. Yersiniosis due to infection by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis 4b in captive meerkats (Suricata suricatta) in Japan. J Vet Diagn Invest 2015; 27:641-4. [DOI: 10.1177/1040638715596035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Two meerkats ( Suricata suricatta) housed in the same zoological garden in Japan died due to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype 4b infection. Gross and microscopic lesions included necrotizing enteritis and enlargement of the spleen and liver with multifocal necrosis. Inflammatory cells, primarily neutrophils, and nuclear debris were associated with clusters of Gram-negative bacilli. Additionally, there were aberrant organism forms that were larger than bacilli and appeared as basophilic globular bodies. Immunohistochemical examination showed that the bacilli and globular bodies were strongly positive for Y. pseudotuberculosis O4 antigen. The globular bodies were considered a shape-changed form of Y. pseudotuberculosis, and these morphologically abnormal bacteria could present a diagnostic challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichi Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan (Nakamura, Une)
- Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan (Hayashidani)
- Himeji Central Park, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan (Yonezawa, Suzuki)
| | - Hideki Hayashidani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan (Nakamura, Une)
- Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan (Hayashidani)
- Himeji Central Park, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan (Yonezawa, Suzuki)
| | - Aya Yonezawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan (Nakamura, Une)
- Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan (Hayashidani)
- Himeji Central Park, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan (Yonezawa, Suzuki)
| | - Isao Suzuki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan (Nakamura, Une)
- Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan (Hayashidani)
- Himeji Central Park, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan (Yonezawa, Suzuki)
| | - Yumi Une
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan (Nakamura, Une)
- Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan (Hayashidani)
- Himeji Central Park, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan (Yonezawa, Suzuki)
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Hikosaka K, Koyama Y, Motobu M, Yamada M, Nakamura K, Koge K, Shimura K, Isobe T, Tsuji N, Kang CB, Hayashidani H, Wang PC, Matsumura M, Hirota Y. Reduced Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Nitric Oxide Production in Peritoneal Macrophages and Inhibited LPS-Induced Lethal Shock in Mice by a Sugar Cane (Saccharum officinarumL.) Extract. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 70:2853-8. [PMID: 17151479 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.60242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A sugar cane extract (SCE) has been found to have an immunostimulating effect in several animals. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is known to induce endotoxin shock via the production of inflammatory modulators such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and nitric oxide (NO). We examined in the present study the effects of SCE on the TNF-alpha and NO production in LPS-stimulated mice peritoneal cells and the endotoxin shock in mice. The supplementation of SCE to peritoneal macrophages cultured with LPS resulted in a significant decrease in NO production. All the mice injected intraperitoneally with LPS and D-galactosamine (LPS+GalN) died within 24 h. However, a peritoneal injection, but no intravenous or oral administration, of SCE (500-1,000 mg/kg) at 3 to 48 h before the LPS+GalN-challenge resulted in a significantly improved survival rate. These results suggest that SCE had a protective effect on LPS-induced endotoxin shock via one of possible mechanisms involving the suppression of NO production in the mouse peritoneal cavity.
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Nakamura S, Hayashidani H, Okabe N, Une Y. Aberrant forms of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis as spheroplasts and filaments in yersiniosis in squirrel monkeys. Vet Pathol 2014; 52:393-6. [PMID: 24793827 DOI: 10.1177/0300985814532820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This report describes atypical cases of yersiniosis in squirrel monkeys in which aberrant forms of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis were seen. There were 2 outbreaks due to yersiniosis in squirrel monkeys in Japan. The monkeys had systemic necrotizing and hemorrhagic lesions with Gram-negative rod-shaped bacilli and microthromboembolism in the kidneys. Some lesions contained filaments, globular bodies, and other pleomorphic forms of bacteria. All forms were usually seen in the same lesions, and those with pleomorphic morphology appeared to be an intermediate form between the rod-shaped bacteria and the filaments or globular bodies. In addition, they had strong immunolabeling for Y. pseudotuberculosis, as did the rod-shaped bacteria. Therefore, the globular bodies, filaments, and others are strongly suspected to be shape-changed bacilli of Y. pseudotuberculosis. These morphologically altered bacteria could cause errors in diagnosis since they resemble fungi or protozoa, and special staining techniques, including immunohistochemistry, can be helpful in establishing the correct diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - H Hayashidani
- Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Okabe
- Aso Cuddly Dominion, Aso, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Y Une
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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Iwata T, Une Y, Okatani AT, Kaneko SI, Namai S, Yoshida SI, Horisaka T, Horikita T, Nakadai A, Hayashidani H. Yersinia enterocoliticaSerovar O:8 Infection in Breeding Monkeys in Japan. Microbiol Immunol 2013; 49:1-7. [PMID: 15665447 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2005.tb03630.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the period from December 2002 to January 2003, 5 of 50 squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) housed at a Zoological Garden in the Kanto region of Japan died following a few days' history of diarrhea. After this outbreak had ended in the squirrel monkeys, 1 of 2 dark-handed gibbons (Hylobates agilis) died in April of 2003, showing similar clinical signs. We examined the organs of 3 of the dead squirrel monkeys and of the dark-handed gibbon, and Yersinia enterocolitica serovar O:8, which is the most pathogenic serovar of Y. enterocolitica, was isolated. In order to determine the source and the transmission route of infection, 98 fecal samples (45 from squirrel monkeys, 20 from other monkeys of 18 different species, and 33 from black rats captured around the monkey houses) and 7 water samples were collected in the Zoological Garden, and were examined for the prevalence of Y. enterocolitica serovar O:8. Serovar O:8 was isolated from 21 of 65 monkeys (32.3%) and 5 of 33 (15.2%) black rats (Rattus rattus). Furthermore, we examined the 30 isolates using molecular typing methods, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), ribotyping using the RiboPrinter system, and restriction endonuclease analysis of virulence plasmid DNA (REAP), and compared the isolates in this outbreak with Japanese O:8 isolates previously identified. Genotyping showed that almost all the isolates were identical, and the genotype of the isolates was highly similar to that from wild rodents captured in Niigata Prefecture. This is the first report of fatal cases of Y. enterocolitica serovar O:8 infection in monkeys anywhere in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taketoshi Iwata
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
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Andoh M, Andoh R, Teramoto K, Komiya T, Kaneshima T, Takano A, Hayashidani H, Ando S. Survey of Coxiella burnetii in ticks collected from dogs in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2013; 75:1115-7. [PMID: 23558956 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.12-0570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
For a survey of Coxiella burnetii, the Q fever agent, ticks infesting companion dogs were collected in Aomori, Tochigi, Gifu and Okinawa Prefectures, Japan. A total of 261 ticks were collected, and their species were identified morphologically. Five tick species were identified: Ixodes ovatus, Haemaphysalis concinna, H. flava, H. longicornis and Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Total DNA was extracted from them individually followed by real-time PCR to detect a C. burnetii-specific gene. The results of real-time PCR were all negative, which might suggest a low risk of C. burnetii infection via these ticks and their hosts in urban residential areas in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Andoh
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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20
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Lee K, Iwata T, Nakadai A, Kato T, Hayama S, Taniguchi T, Hayashidani H. Prevalence of Salmonella, Yersinia and Campylobacter spp. in feral raccoons (Procyon lotor) and masked palm civets (Paguma larvata) in Japan. Zoonoses Public Health 2011; 58:424-31. [PMID: 21824337 PMCID: PMC7165867 DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2010.01384.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
To estimate the public and animal health risk that alien species pose, the prevalence of Salmonella, Yersinia, and Campylobacter spp. in feral raccoons (Procyon lotor, n = 459) and masked palm civets (Paguma larvata, n = 153), which are abundant alien species in Japan, was investigated in urban and suburban areas of Japan. Salmonella enterica was detected from 29 samples [26 raccoons, 5.7%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.8–3.5%; three masked palm civets, 2.0%, 95% CI 4.2–0%]. Many of the isolates belonged to serovars that are commonly isolated from human gastroenteritis patients (e.g. S. Infantis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Thompson). The antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that 26.9 % of the isolates from raccoons were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent, whereas none of the isolates from masked palm civets were resistant. Yersinia sp. was detected from 193 samples (177 raccoons, 38.6%, 95% CI 43.0–34.1%; 16 masked palm civets, 10.5%, 95% CI 15.3–5.6%). All virulent Yersinia strains belonged to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, which was isolated from seven (1.5%, 95% CI 2.6–0.4%) raccoons and six (3.9%, 95% CI 7.0–0.8%) masked palm civets. According to the detection of virulence factors, all the Y. pseudotuberculosis isolates belonged to the Far Eastern systemic pathogenicity type. Campylobacter spp. was detected from 17 samples (six raccoons, 1.3%, 95% CI 2.3–0.3%; 11 masked palm civets, 7.2%, 95% CI 11.3–3.1%). Among these, three isolates from raccoons were identified as C. jejuni. These results showed that these pathogens can be transmitted by human activities, other wild animals, and the environment to feral raccoons and masked palm civets, and vice versa. As these animals have omnivorous behaviour and a wide range of habitats, they can play an important role in the transmission of the enteric pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lee
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Iwata T, Une Y, Lee KI, Nakamura SI, Taniguchi T, Hayashidani H. Seroepidemiological survey of pathogenic Yersinia in breeding squirrel monkeys in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2010; 72:981-4. [PMID: 20234111 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.09-0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the prevalence of antibodies to pathogenic Yersinia in breeding squirrel monkeys, the serum samples of 252 squirrel monkeys from 9 zoological gardens in Japan were tested by ELISA using plasmid-encoded Yersinia outer membrane protein (Yops) as the antigen. The cutoff value was calculated by using the serum samples of the squirrel monkeys from Suriname, where no prevalence of pathogenic Yersinia have been reported. According to the cutoff value, 164 of 252 (65.1%) squirrel monkeys were considered positive against pathogenic Yersinia. These positive monkeys belonged to 8 of the 9 zoological gardens, and the percentage of the seropositive monkeys ranged from 22.2 to 89.4%. Furthermore, in one zoological garden, the positive rate of the squirrel monkeys which were over 1 year old (95.7%) was significantly higher than those which were under 1 year old (23.3%). These results suggested that pathogenic Yersinia is highly prevalent among breeding monkeys in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taketoshi Iwata
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Nakamura SI, Hayashidani H, Iwata T, Takada M, Une Y. Spontaneous Yersiniosis due to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype 7 in a squirrel monkey. J Vet Med Sci 2010; 71:1657-9. [PMID: 20046036 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.001657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A captive male Bolivian squirrel monkey (Saimiri boliviensis) of less than 1 year of age died following diarrhea and debilitation on the day of death. At necropsy, necrotizing enteritis accompanied with enlarged Peyer's patches, solitary lymphatic follicles and mesenteric lymph nodes, and multiple yellowish-white nodules in the spleen and liver were found. Histopathologically, these lesions were necrotizing inflammation containing Gram-negative bacilli. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype 7 was isolated from the spleen and liver. The virF gene, which is an essential virulent plasimid (pYV) in pathogenic Y. pseudotuberculosis isolates, and the ypmA gene, which is a superantigenic toxin, were detected in the isolates. This is the first report of a fatal case of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis 7 infection in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichi Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8501, Japan
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Lee K, Iwata T, Shimizu M, Taniguchi T, Nakadai A, Hirota Y, Hayashidani H. A novel multiplex PCR assay for Salmonella subspecies identification. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 107:805-11. [PMID: 19486419 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04263.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To develop a novel multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay with six primer pairs for Salmonella subspecies identification. METHODS AND RESULTS Five primer pairs were chosen to detect the genes (fljB, mdcA, gatD, stn and STM4057) responsible for several phenotypic traits or encoding (sub) species-specific regions. A primer pair for invA was added to simultaneously detect Salmonella. The combination of these primer pairs was expected to give unique results to all subspecies, including Salmonella bongori. The multiplex PCR assay was optimized and evaluated with 53 Salmonella strains representing all S. enterica subspecies, S. bongori and five non-Salmonella strains. The multiplex PCR assay revealed that the genotypes were well correlated with the phenotypes in the Salmonella strains tested. The unique band patterns to their subspecies were generated from 94.3% (50/53) of the Salmonella strains, and no product from other strains by the multiplex PCR assay. CONCLUSIONS The multiplex PCR assay we developed was found to be a rapid, specific and easy to perform method compared with traditional biochemical tests for Salmonella subspecies identification, especially for rapid screening of large numbers of samples. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The assay will be useful for characterizing Salmonella isolates from reptiles, which belong to various subspecies, and therefore add to the scientific understanding of reptile-associated Salmonellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lee
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Iwata T, Une Y, Okatani AT, Kato Y, Nakadai A, Lee KI, Watanabe M, Taniguchi T, Elhelaly AE, Hirota Y, Hayashidani H. Virulence characteristics of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis isolated from breeding monkeys in Japan. Vet Microbiol 2008; 129:404-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2007] [Revised: 11/20/2007] [Accepted: 11/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Goto M, Hayashidani H, Takatori K, Hara-Kudo Y. Rapid detection of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus harbouring genes for four classical enterotoxins, SEA, SEB, SEC and SED, by loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay. Lett Appl Microbiol 2007; 45:100-7. [PMID: 17594468 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2007.02142.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to develop a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay targeting the genes for the four classical enterotoxins, SEA, SEB, SEC and SED, in Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS AND RESULTS Specific primers were designed which target each specific sequence of the enterotoxin genes. With 30 strains of Staph. aureus, the results of the LAMP assay to each enterotoxin, SEA, SEB, SEC and SED, completely accorded with the results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Enterotoxin production, determined by a reverse passive latex agglutination assay, strongly correlated with the presence of the corresponding genes. Amplification was not observed when 14 strains of nonenterotoxigenic Staph. aureus and 20 strains consisting of 19 bacterial species other than Staph. aureus were tested. In addition, the sensitivity of the LAMP assay was generally higher than that of conventional PCR assay and it rapidly detected enterotoxigenic Staph. aureus strains within 60 min. CONCLUSIONS The LAMP assay developed in this study is rapid, specific and sensitive for the detection of enterotoxigenic Staph. aureus. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The method is suitable for clinical diagnosis and food safety applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Goto
- Division of Microbiology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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26
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Hikosaka K, El-Abasy M, Koyama Y, Motobu M, Koge K, Isobe T, Kang CB, Hayashidani H, Onodera T, Wang PC, Matsumura M, Hirota Y. Immunostimulating effects of the polyphenol-rich fraction of sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum L.) extract in chickens. Phytother Res 2007; 21:120-5. [PMID: 17117449 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The phagocytic activity of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) in chickens orally administered sugar cane extracts (SCE) or polyphenol-rich fraction (PRF) of SCE (500 mg/kg/day) for 3 consecutive days increased significantly, when compared with that of saline-administered control chickens. Chickens orally administered SCE or PRF (500 mg/kg/day) for 3 consecutive days showed significantly higher antibody responses against sheep red blood cells and Brucella abortus than control chickens. In addition, oral administration of SCE or PRF also resulted in a significant increase in the number of IgM- and IgG-plaque forming cell responses of PBL, intestinal leukocytes and splenocytes, when compared with those of control chickens. Furthermore, delayed type hypersensitivity responses to human gamma globulin significantly increased in chickens orally administered SCE or PRF, compared with those of control chickens when evaluated on the basis of net increased wattle thickness at 24, 48 and 72 h after challenge. These results suggest that PRF of SCE has an immunostimulating effect in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Hikosaka
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
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27
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Abstract
A reproducible real-time PCR method that targets the putative transcriptional regulator gene of Staphylococcus aureus was developed to quantify this microorganism in milk samples. On the basis of partial sequences of this gene determined from S. aureus strains, we designed the specific primers and probe for use in a quantitative PCR assay. These specificities were confirmed with 25 strains of S. aureus and 35 strains of other bacteria. A real-time PCR assay with serial 10-fold dilutions of purified DNA and pure culture was conducted. It was possible to construct standard curves with a high correlation coefficient (r2 = 0.99) in the range of 50 ng to 50 fg for purified DNA and 10(7) to 10(1) CFU/ml for a pure culture. The constructed standard curve for milk samples was similar to that for the pure culture, and the quantification of S. aureus in the range of 10(7) to 10(1) CFU/ml was possible. Moreover, to determine how our real-time PCR method would perform under actual analytical conditions, we quantified the DNA from S. aureus after two types of heat treatments were used for the pasteurization of milk. The amount of DNA found was affected after heat treatment at 63 degrees C for 30 min (low-temperature long-time method) but not at 72 degrees C for 15 s (high-temperature short-time method). The results indicate that the real-time PCR method developed in this study is effective for monitoring S. aureus contamination in milk because of its high specificity and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Goto
- Division of Microbiology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
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28
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Koyama Y, Motobu M, Hikosaka K, Yamada M, Nakamura K, Saido-Sakanaka H, Asaoka A, Yamakawa M, Isobe T, Shimura K, Kang CB, Hayashidani H, Nakai Y, Hirota Y. Cytotoxicity and antigenicity of antimicrobial synthesized peptides derived from the beetle Allomyrina dichotoma defensin in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2006; 6:1748-53. [PMID: 16979131 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2006.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2005] [Revised: 02/27/2006] [Accepted: 06/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic peptides, peptides A (Arg-Leu-Tyr-Leu-Arg-Ile-Gly-Arg-Arg-NH(2)) and B (Arg-Leu-Arg-Leu-Arg-Ile-Gly-Arg-Arg-NH(2)), derived from the beetle Allomyrina dichotoma defensin, have antimicrobial activities. Immunotoxicological effect of these peptides was evaluated by cytotoxicity of mouse peritoneal macrophages. In addition, antigenicity of these peptides was studied by evaluating antibody responses in mice immunized with these peptides. The toxicity of peptide A toward mouse peritoneal cells was less than that of polymyxin B, when morphologically evaluated in a cytotoxicity test. Almost all of mice injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with either peptide A or B at 50-150 mg/kg survived, whereas all mice injected i.p. with polymyxin B at the doses of more than 25 mg/kg died within 24 h. Interestingly, almost all of mice injected intravenously with these peptides at the doses of 10 and 25 mg/kg also survived. Furthermore, mice immunized with these peptides conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) showed little or negligible anti-peptide A or B antibody production, although anti-KLH antibody was significantly produced. The results indicated that peptides A and B were less cytotoxic than polymyxin B and also had poor antigenicity to produce specific antibody in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Koyama
- National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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29
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Koujitani E, Horisaka T, Nomura Y, Hara-Kudo Y, Okatani AT, Iwata T, Kumagai S, Hayashidani H. Immuno-Magnetic Separation and Agar Layer Methods for the Isolation of Freeze-Injured Yersinia enterocolitica O:8 from Water. J Vet Med Sci 2006; 68:195-9. [PMID: 16598160 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.68.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop an effective method to isolate an injured pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica O:8 organism from environmental samples, we compared the isolation of freeze-injured and non-injured Y. enterocolitica O:8 and found that the isolation was more successful when immuno-magnetic separation (IMS) with anti-Y. enterocolitica O:8 antibody was used. Plating onto cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin (CIN) agar and Virulent Yersinia enterocolitica (VYE) agar by means of the agar layer method was found to be effective in isolating the injured cells. The alkali treatment which is generally used for selective detection of Yersinia organism failed to isolate freeze-injured pathogenic Y. enterocolitica O:8 cells. Recovery methods without using the alkali treatment were superior for detecting freeze-injured Y. enterocolitica O:8. Our results demonstrate that the IMS and the agar layer methods should be used to isolate injured pathogenic Yersinia organisms from environmental samples such as water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiko Koujitani
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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30
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Abstract
Akabane disease is an infection with clinical signs of congenital malformation and abortion in ruminants. Abnormal parturitions caused by Akabane disease result in great economic loss. The purpose of this study is to estimate the reduction in the milk yield from abnormal parturition due to Akabane disease. The data were collected from 33 Holstein cows on 11 farms. The animals had abnormal parturitions during the period from September 1998 to March 1999, and were diagnosed as having Akabane disease. The mean and standard deviation of the rate of reduction in the milk yield of 33 cows after abnormal parturition caused by Akabane disease was -11.4 +/- 14.9%. The means and standard deviations of the rate of reduction of four cows calving abnormally at 220-239 days of gestation, nine cows calving abnormally at 240-270 days of gestation, and 20 cows calving abnormally at 271-300 days of gestation were -26.6 +/- 24.7%, -14.7 +/- 11.0%, and -6.9 +/- 12.3%, respectively. In this study, we demonstrated that the rate of reduction in the milk yield in cows affected by Akabane disease was -11.4 +/- 14.9%, but values as high as -26.6 +/- 24.7% were reached in the comparison with the milk yield obtained after normal parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Horikita
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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31
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Phan TT, Khai LTL, Ogasawara N, Tam NT, Okatani AT, Akiba M, Hayashidani H. Contamination of Salmonella in retail meats and shrimps in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. J Food Prot 2005; 68:1077-80. [PMID: 15895745 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-68.5.1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
From March 2000 to September 2001, 608 samples of retail meat (136 pork, 70 beef, 202 chicken, and 200 ducks) and 110 samples of retail shrimp from six provinces of the Mekong Delta in Vietnam were collected individually and examined for the prevalence of Salmonella. Of the 718 samples examined, 243 (33.8%) were Salmonella positive. Salmonella was isolated from 69.9% of the pork samples, 48.6% of the beef samples, 21.0% of the chicken meat samples, 22.3% of the duck meat samples, and 24.5% of the shrimp samples. From 261 Salmonella isolates, 24 different serovars were identified. The predominant serovars of the isolates were Salmonella Derby, Salmonella Weltevreden, and Salmonella London in pork; Salmonella Weltevreden, Salmonella London, and Salmonella Dessau in beef; Salmonella Emek, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Salmonella Dessau in chicken meat; Salmonella Lexington, Salmonella Derby, and Salmonella Dessau in duck meat; and Salmonella Weltevreden, Salmonella Tennessee, and Salmonella Dessau in shrimps. Salmonella Bovismorbificans, Salmonella Derby, Salmonella Dessau, and Salmonella Weltevreden were the most common serovars in all the samples examined. These results indicate a high rate of contamination by Salmonella in retail meats and shrimps in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Thi Phan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Campus II, Cantho University, Cantho, Vietnam
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32
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Hayashidani H, Hara-Kudo Y, Kinoshita S, Saeki K, Okatani AT, Nomura Y, Kumagai S. Differences in heat resistance among pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica depended on growth temperature and serotype. J Food Prot 2005; 68:1081-2. [PMID: 15895746 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-68.5.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To gain a better understanding about the effect of growth temperature on heat resistance of Yersinia enterocolitica, we determined decimal reduction times at 60 degrees C (D60-values) for O:3; O:5,27; O:8; and O:9 strains harboring virulence plasmid coding for Yersinia outer membrane protein and experimentally virulence plasmid-deleted strains after they were grown to stationary phase at 7, 25, or 37 degrees C. Bacteria were inoculated into Trypticase soy broth and were incubated at several temperatures. D60-values of O:3; O:5,27; and O:8 strains were larger when they were grown at 37 degrees C than at 7 or 25 degrees C, despite the presence or absence of virulence plasmids. However, similar D60-values were observed in O:9 strains, despite growth at 7, 25, or 37 degrees C. The results indicate two types of Y. enterocolitica strains, growth temperature-dependent and -independent, and a Yersinia outer membrane protein that is not directly involved in growth temperature-dependent heat resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hayashidani
- Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
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33
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Nakadai A, Kuroki T, Kato Y, Suzuki R, Yamai S, Yaginuma C, Shiotani R, Yamanouchi A, Hayashidani H. Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in pet reptiles in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2005; 67:97-101. [PMID: 15699603 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.67.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
From November 2000 to July 2002, 112 fecal samples from pet reptiles, including 18 turtles, 71 lizards and 23 snakes, sold at a pet shop were examined for the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in Japan. Salmonella spp. were isolated from 83 (74.1%) of 112 samples, and a total of 112 Salmonella isolates were identified as subspecies I to IV. The majority of isolates (62.5%) belonged to subspecies I and 54 isolates could be identified as any of 28 serovars. The predominant serovars were found to be S. Bardo, S. Newport and S. Panama, which cause human salmonellosis. These results indicate that pet reptiles may be a potential infectious source of human salmonellosis in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Nakadai
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
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34
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Horisaka T, Fujita K, Iwata T, Nakadai A, Okatani AT, Horikita T, Taniguchi T, Honda E, Yokomizo Y, Hayashidani H. Sensitive and specific detection of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis by loop-mediated isothermal amplification. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 42:5349-52. [PMID: 15528740 PMCID: PMC525174 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.42.11.5349-5352.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method able to detect Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains in 30 min by using six primers designed by targeting the inv gene. This method is more sensitive than PCR and might be a useful tool for detecting and identifying Y. pseudotuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Horisaka
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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35
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Okatani TA, Ishikawa M, Yoshida SI, Sekiguchi M, Tanno K, Ogawa M, Horikita T, Horisaka T, Taniguchi T, Kato Y, Hayashidani H. Automated ribotyping, a rapid typing method for analysis of Erysipelothrix spp. strains. J Vet Med Sci 2004; 66:729-33. [PMID: 15240953 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.66.729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Automated ribotyping classified 70 Erysipelothrix species strains, previously classified into 14 RAPD patterns and into 63 PFGE patterns, into 27 ribogroups. Twenty-three strains of the 70 analyzed and classified into 13 ribogroups were previously classified into six ribotypes by the traditional ribotyping method. Moreover, automated ribotyping differentiated seven strains that were not differentiated by PFGE. Therefore, automated ribotyping was more sensitive than RAPD and traditional ribotyping, and it might be a useful method for a rapid screening in epidemiological study of strains of this genus, and more accurate results can be obtained when this method is used together with PFGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomitsu Alexandre Okatani
- Laboratory of Animal Hygiene, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
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36
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Taniguchi T, Taniguchi R, Takahashi A, Hayashidani H, Hanaki KI, Shirai J, Honda E. Sequence comparison of the ORF 7 region of transmissible gastroenteritis viruses isolated in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2004; 66:717-9. [PMID: 15240950 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.66.717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The 3' end region nucleotide sequence, including ORF7, of nine Japanese and two U.S.A. isolates of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) were determined and compared. Nine Japanese TGEV strains have been isolated over the past 40 years (1956-1997). From the comparison of determined nucleotide sequences, we could divide the TGEV Japanese isolates into two groups and distinguish them from TGEV U.S.A. isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahide Taniguchi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
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Tran TP, Ly TLK, Nguyen TT, Akiba M, Ogasawara N, Shinoda D, Okatani TA, Hayashidani H. Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in Pigs, Chickens and Ducks in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. J Vet Med Sci 2004; 66:1011-4. [PMID: 15353859 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.66.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to determine the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in domestic animals in 6 provinces of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, 1,098 fecal or intestinal content samples from pigs, chickens, and ducks were examined in the period from July to October, 2000. Salmonella spp. were isolated from 78 (7.1%) of the total samples, which included 23 (5.2%) of 439 pigs, 24 (7.9%) of 302 chickens, and 31 (8.7%) of 357 ducks. From those samples, 80 Salmonella strains were isolated and 25 serovars were identified. The predominant serovars were S. Javiana, S. Derby, and S. Weltevreden. S. Javiana and S. Weltevreden were detected together in pigs, chickens, and ducks. These results indicate that the serovars of Salmonella are widely distributed in domestic animals in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Phan Tran
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Campus II, Cantho University, Vietnam
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38
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Hayashidani H, Ishiyama Y, Okatani TA, Yoshida SI, Ishikawa M, Kato Y, Ohtomo Y, Saito M, Horisaka T, Kaneko KI, Ogawa M. Molecular genetic typing of Yersinia enterocolitica serovar O:8 isolated in Japan. Adv Exp Med Biol 2003; 529:363-5. [PMID: 12756790 DOI: 10.1007/0-306-48416-1_72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Hayashidani
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Chang CC, Hayashidani H, Pusterla N, Kasten RW, Madigan JE, Chomel BB. Investigation of Bartonella infection in ixodid ticks from California. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2002; 25:229-36. [PMID: 12135237 DOI: 10.1016/s0147-9571(02)00012-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A total of 1253 ixodid ticks (254 tick pools) collected between the end of 1995 and the spring of 1997 from six California counties (El Dorado, Los Angeles, Orange, Santa Cruz, Shasta and Sonoma) were examined for the presence of Bartonella DNA by PCR of the citrate synthase gene. Of 1,119 adult Ixodes pacificus ticks tested, 26 (11.6%) of 224 pools, each containing five ticks, were positive (minimum percentage of ticks harboring detectable Bartonella DNA, 2.3%). Bartonella PCR-positive ticks were identified in five counties but none of the ticks from Los Angeles County was positive. Among 47 nymphal I. pacificus ticks collected in Sonoma County, one (10%) positive pool out of 10 pools was identified (minimum percentage of ticks harboring detectable Bartonella DNA, 2.1%). Among the 54 Dermacentor occidentalis grouped in 12 pools from Orange County, one pool (8.3%) was PCR positive for Bartonella and similarly one pool (14.3%) was positive among the 30 Dermacentor variabilis ticks grouped in seven pools. None of the three D. occidentalis from El Dorado County were positive. None of the nine tick pools positive for Ehrlichia phagocytophila were positive for Bartonella. Following our previous findings of Bartonella PCR-positive adult I. pacificus ticks in central coastal California, this is the first preliminary report of the presence of Bartonella DNA in I. pacificus nymphs and in Dermacentor sp. ticks. Distribution of Bartonella among ixodid ticks appears widespread in California.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-chin Chang
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Environmental Health, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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40
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Sakala RM, Kato Y, Hayashidani H, Murakami M, Kaneuchi C, Ogawa M. Lactobacillus fuchuensis sp. nov., isolated from vacuum-packaged refrigerated beef. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:1151-1154. [PMID: 12148620 DOI: 10.1099/00207713-52-4-1151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Four strains of a hitherto unknown bacterium isolated from vacuum-packaged refrigerated beef were characterized by using phenotypic and phylogenetic methods. The novel strains were Gram-positive, catalase-negative, psychrophilic, rod-shaped bacteria with lactic acid-homofermentative mechanism. Comparative 16S rDNA gene sequencing demonstrated that the unknown strains represent a novel subline within the genus Lactobacillus, close to but distinct from Lactobacillus curvatus and Lactobacillus sakei. The unknown strains were readily distinguished from all currently described members of the genus Lactobacillus by biochemical properties and SDS-PAGE whole-cell protein profiles. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as Lactobacillus fuchuensis sp. nov. The type strain is strain B5M10T (= JCM 11249T = DSM 14340T).
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Sakala RM, Hayashidani H, Kato Y, Kaneuchi C, Ogawa M. Isolation and characterization of Lactococcus piscium strains from vacuum-packaged refrigerated beef. J Appl Microbiol 2002; 92:173-9. [PMID: 11849342 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01513.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To characterize gram-positive, catalase-negative, psychrotrophic, lactic acid-homofermentative, non-motile cocci isolated from vacuum-packaged refrigerated beef using phenotypic and genotypic methods. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 89 strains was isolated at 2 and 6 weeks as one of the predominant microflora of five samples of vacuum-packaged beef stored at 2 degrees C. The strains were compared with reference strains of some gram-positive, catalase-negative cocci using SDS-PAGE whole-cell protein pattern analysis, biochemical characterization and 16S rDNA sequencing. The biochemical and physiological characteristics of the isolates resembled those of Lactococcus piscium GTC 552(T). Numerical analysis of the SDS-PAGE whole-cell protein patterns resulted in close clustering of the strains with L. piscium GTC 552(T) (r > 0.68). Other Lactococcus and Leuconostoc species could be distinguished from the isolates using SDS-PAGE whole-cell protein patterns (r < 0.58) and biochemical characteristics. The 16S rDNA sequencing of four randomly selected strains showed that the strains differed from L. piscium GTC 552(T) by two to three bases in the highly variable region of the sequence. This is the first report on the isolation of L. piscium from vacuum-packaged beef. CONCLUSIONS The gram-positive catalase-negative cocci isolated from vacuum-packaged refrigerated beef have been identified as L. piscium. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The findings of this work contribute to the knowledge of the microflora of vacuum-packaged refrigerated beef.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Sakala
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Sakala RM, Hayashidani H, Kato Y, Hirata T, Makino Y, Fukushima A, Yamada T, Kaneuchi C, Ogawa M. Change in the composition of the microflora on vacuum-packaged beef during chiller storage. Int J Food Microbiol 2002; 74:87-99. [PMID: 11929174 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1605(01)00732-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Five fresh beefcut samples were divided into 10 pieces, respectively, vacuum-packaged and stored at 2 degrees C for up to 6 weeks. The average pH values of five pieces from five beef samples were 5.62 +/- 0.04 at the start of storage and 5.12 +/- 0.07 after 6 weeks of storage. The pieces were homogenized, diluted and cultivated at weekly intervals on glucose-blood-liver (BL), de Man Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) and trypticase soya (TS) agars at 7 degrees C for 10-14 days. From plates with 30-300 colonies, or the highest number if below 30, 15 colonies were randomly picked from each of the three media used for each beef sample. Based on morphologies, SDS-PAGE whole-cell protein profiles and physio-chemical characteristics, a total of 1493 strains isolated were identified as Brochothrix thermosphacta (64), Carnobacterium divergens (79), Carnobacterium piscicola (27), Lactobacillus algidus (637), Lactobacillus sp. (4), Lactococcus piscium (270), Leuconostoc gelidum (375), Acinetobacter (3), Aeromonas (1), Bacillus (10), Corynebacterium (3), Enterobacteriaceae (1), Pseudomonas (13) or Psychrobacter (6). A wider range of organisms was isolated from TS (13 organisms) and BL (7) agars than from MRS agar (3). Leuc. gelidum, Lc. piscium and L. algidas increased in numbers during the first 3 weeks of storage from about 5 x 10(3) cfu/g to the level of about 10(8) cfu/g and persisted at this level thereafter. C. divergens and C. piscicola were inconsistently detected, but seemed to persist at the relatively low level of about 5 x 10(7) cfu/g during the last 3 weeks of storage. B. thermosphacta increased to the level of about 7 x 10(5) cfu/g during the first 2 weeks of storage, but was not detected thereafter. Remaining organisms were detected sporadically at levels of <3.5 x 10(2) cfu/g during the first 2 weeks of storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita M Sakala
- Veterinary Public Health II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Abstract
From December 1994 to February 1995, 131 wild boars (Sus scrofa leucomysta) living in a mountainous area in Japan were examined for yersiniosis and listeriosis. Of 131 wild boars, 76 (58%) were males and 55 (42%) were females. Four Yersinia spp. including Y. pseudotuberculosis, Y. enterocolitica, Y. frederiksenii, and Y. aldovei, were isolated from 49 (37%) of 131 wild boars. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was isolated from five (4%) of 131 wild boars. All Y. pseudotuberculosis isolates were serotype 4b and harbored virulence plasmids. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was isolated only from boars under 2-yr-old. No human pathogenic Y. enterocolitica was isolated. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from two (1%) of the wild boars and both isolates were serotype 4b. These findings indicated that wild boar could be a reservoir of Y. pseudotuberculosis and L. monocytogenes in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Hayashidani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
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Okatani AT, Uto T, Taniguchi T, Horisaka T, Horikita T, Kaneko K, Hayashidani H. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in differentiation of erysipelothrix species strains. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:4032-6. [PMID: 11682526 PMCID: PMC88483 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.39.11.4032-4036.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2001] [Accepted: 09/03/2001] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here the first analysis of Erysipelothrix spp. using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Seventy strains of Erysipelothrix spp. were analyzed. SmaI, AscI, and NotI were tested for the ability to cleave the DNA extracted from those strains, and among them, SmaI was the most reliable enzyme. Sixty-three distinct PFGE patterns were produced, and no DNA degradation was observed, allowing the identification of all of the strains. Based on these results and on those of a previous analysis using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA and ribotyping, PFGE with SmaI might be considered to be more sensitive than those methods and to be the best method for epidemiological studies of strains of this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Okatani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Okatani AT, Hayashidani H, Takahashi T, Taniguchi T, Ogawa M, Kaneko K. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of Erysipelothrix spp. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:4332-6. [PMID: 11101560 PMCID: PMC87601 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.12.4332-4336.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2000] [Accepted: 09/29/2000] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The usefulness of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA method (RAPD) to identify each species of genus Erysipelothrix and for epidemiological analysis of this genus was studied. Eighty-one strains and 18 random primers were tested. Among the tested primers, the primers NK51 (GGTGGTGGTATC) and NK6 (CCCGCGCCCC) produced noticeable results. The primer NK51 revealed four species-specific RAPD patterns. Of the 66 strains of E. rhusiopathiae, 64 had the same unique band of 884 bp. Of the 12 strains of E. tonsillarum, 11 produced a 1,265-bp band. In addition, two strains, previously thought to be E. rhusiopathiae, produced the 1,265-bp band, suggesting that they had been misclassified. One strain of E. tonsillarum produced the 884-bp band, suggesting that it too was E. rhusiopathiae. The E. rhusiopathiae strain of serovar 13 produced a 650-bp band, and the strain of serovar 18 produced a clear 420-bp band as well as three weak bands of 1,265, 918, and 444 bp. The primer NK6 revealed 14 RAPD patterns that were not serovar specific. However, different patterns were produced among strains of the same serovar showing that the RAPD method is able to identify the genetic variations of strains of this genus and can rapidly and easily differentiate strains of the same serovar. Based on these results, we concluded that the RAPD method with primers NK51 and NK6 is a rapid and reliable method to identify the species of this genus; we also concluded that this method might be a useful tool for the epidemiological analysis of the Erysipelothrix species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Okatani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Kato Y, Sakala RM, Hayashidani H, Kiuchi A, Kaneuchi C, Ogawa M. Lactobacillus algidus sp. nov., a psychrophilic lactic acid bacterium isolated from vacuum-packaged refrigerated beef. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2000; 50 Pt 3:1143-1149. [PMID: 10843056 DOI: 10.1099/00207713-50-3-1143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus algidus sp. nov. is described on the basis of 40 strains isolated as one of the predominant bacteria from five specimens of vacuum-packaged beef collected from different meat shops and stored at 2 degrees C for 3 weeks. These strains were quite uniform in the overall characteristics examined. They are facultatively anaerobic, psychrophilic, Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile, lactic acid-homofermentative rods. The cells occurred singly and in pairs on agar media and in rather long chains in broth media. They differed in several cultural and biochemical characteristics from the authentic meso-diaminopimelic acid-positive or psychrophilic lactic acid bacteria in the genera Lactobacillus, Carnobacterium and Brochothrix. The SDS-PAGE whole-cell protein pattern was clearly distinctive. DNA-DNA hybridization and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA also failed to associate these strains closely with any of the validly described organisms used. The phylogenetic analysis showed that these strains are rather remotely but most closely related to Lactobacillus mali (93% sequence similarity), which belongs to the Lactobacillus casei/Pediococcus group. Therefore, these strains should be included in the genus Lactobacillus and considered to represent a new species, Lactobacillus algidus sp. nov. The type strain is M6A9T (= JCM 10491T).
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Kaneko K, Uehara K, Hayashidani H, Ogawa M. Morphology of intestinal colonization of Yersinia enterocolitica serovar O3 in mice. J Vet Med Sci 1999; 61:1171-3. [PMID: 10563299 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.61.1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was made to know the morphology of the initial invasion and lesions involved in the intestinal colonization of Yersinia enterocolitica serovar O3 in the epithelium of Peyer's patches of mice. Microfold (M) cells formed a specific structure like a pseudopodium and the bacteria were observed on the surface of the pseudopodium-like structure 4 hr after oral administration of serovar O3. The colonies of serovar O3 were observed in the epithelium and the lamina propria of the Peyer's patches dome region, and the bacteria grown in the Peyer's patches were in direct contact with the lumen without covered with the host tissue 24 hr after the administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kaneko
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
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Kaneko K, Hayashidani H, Takahashi K, Shiraki Y, Limawongpranee S, Ogawa M. Bacterial contamination in the environment of food factories processing ready-to-eat fresh vegetables. J Food Prot 1999; 62:800-4. [PMID: 10419276 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-62.7.800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A total of 196 samples were collected from equipment for trimming, washing, slicing, soaking, dehydrating, blending, and packaging and from the floor and air of operation rooms before and after operation in two food factories processing ready-to-eat fresh vegetables located in the suburbs of Tokyo. Heavy contamination determined by an aerobic plate count of >5.0 log CFU/cm2 or ml was observed after operation in most of the samples examined, as were samples taken before operation on the interior surfaces of equipment for washing, slicing, dehydrating, and blending, the surfaces of blades for slicing, and the floor surfaces of operation rooms. From these environmental samples, the coliform group was detected before operation. Although 67 strains of 70 coliforms isolated were nonfecal, three Escherichia coli strains were detected in the surface of the operation room floors and the gloves of employees. Bacillus cereus was isolated from 9 of 86 and 17 of 85 samples examined before and after operation with the number of 2.0 to 3.0 log CFU/cm2 or ml. Listeria spp. were not detected in the environment of the food factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kaneko
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan.
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Kaneko KI, Hayashidani H, Ohtomo Y, Kosuge J, Kato M, Takahashi K, Shiraki Y, Ogawa M. Bacterial contamination of ready-to-eat foods and fresh products in retail shops and food factories. J Food Prot 1999; 62:644-9. [PMID: 10382654 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-62.6.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Raw vegetables cut for salad, cooked salad, cooked rice, boiled noodles, bean curd, and cooked Japanese foods were purchased in 27 retail shops in Tokyo. Intact vegetables before being processed and ready-to-eat fresh salad products were obtained from two food factories located in the suburbs of Tokyo. Two hundred thirty-eight retail samples, 137 samples of intact vegetables, and 159 samples of fresh products were examined for aerobic plate count (APC), coliforms, Escherichia coli, Listeria spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus. The APC of retail foods were 2.1 to 5.7 log CFU/g, and the range for the coliforms was 0.1 to 2.3 log CFU/g. The APC and coliform values showed that the raw vegetables cut for salad were the most heavily contaminated among the six kinds of ready-to-eat foods examined. Although L. monocytogenes was not detected, two samples of raw vegetables and five kinds of cooked foods yielded Listeria spp. S. aureus was detected in one sample of Japanese cooked food. The APC of the intact vegetables were 2.9 to 7.3 log CFU/g upon arrival and 2.2 to 7.2 log CFU/g after 3 days storage at 10 degrees C. The APC of the fresh products were 3.4 to 7.6 log CFU/g upon arrival and 4.7 to 8.7 log CFU/g after 3 days storage at 10 degrees C. The isolation rates for coliforms were 6.1 to 50% for intact vegetables and 50 to 66.7% for fresh products. E. coli was detected only in the fresh products. B. cereus was isolated from 20.1% (17 of 81) of the intact vegetables and 9.2% (8 of 87) of the fresh products.
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Affiliation(s)
- K I Kaneko
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan.
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Limawongpranee S, Hayashidani H, Okatani AT, Hirota C, Kaneko KI, Ogawa M. Contamination of Salmonella Blockley in the Environment of a Poultry Farm. Avian Dis 1999. [DOI: 10.2307/1592621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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