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Luo H, Wang W, Mai J, Yin R, Cai X, Li Q. The nexus of dynamic T cell states and immune checkpoint blockade therapy in the periphery and tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1267918. [PMID: 37881432 PMCID: PMC10597640 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1267918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies, that is, using monoclonal antibodies to reinvigorate tumor-reactive, antigen-specific T cells from the inhibitory effects of CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1 immune checkpoints, have revolutionized the therapeutic landscape of modern oncology. However, only a subset of patients can benefit from the ICB therapy. Biomarkers associated with ICB response, resistance and prognosis have been subjected to intensive research in the past decade. Early studies focused on the analysis of tumor specimens and their residing microenvironment. However, biopsies can be challenging to obtain in clinical practice, and do not reflect the dynamic changes of immunological parameters during the ICB therapy. Recent studies have investigated profiles of antigen-specific T cells derived from the peripheral compartment using multi-omics approaches. By tracking the clonotype and diversity of tumor-reactive T cell receptor repertoire, these studies collectively establish that de novo priming of antigen-specific T cells in peripheral blood occurs throughout the course of ICB, whereas preexisting T cells prior to ICB are exhausted to various degrees. Here, we review what is known about ICB-induced T cell phenotypic and functional changes in cancer patients both within the tumor microenvironment and in the peripheral compartment. A better understanding of parameters influencing the response to ICBs will provide rationales for developing novel diagnostics and combinatorial therapeutic strategies to maximize the clinical efficacies of ICB therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Luo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jia Mai
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rutie Yin
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuyu Cai
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qintong Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Mai J, Wu L, Yang L, Sun T, Liu X, Yin R, Jiang Y, Li J, Li Q. Therapeutic strategies targeting folate receptor α for ovarian cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1254532. [PMID: 37711615 PMCID: PMC10499382 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1254532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the deadliest gynecological cancer, and presents a major clinical challenge due to limited treatment options. Folate receptor alpha (FRα), encoded by the FOLR1 gene, is an attractive therapeutically target due to its prevalent and high expression in EOC cells. Recent basic and translational studies have explored several modalities, such as antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), monoclonal antibodies, small molecules, and folate-drug conjugate, to exploit FRα for EOC treatment. In this review, we summarize the function of FRα, and clinical efficacies of various FRα-based therapeutics. We highlight mirvetuximab soravtansine (MIRV), or Elahere (ImmunoGen), the first FRα-targeting ADC approved by the FDA to treat platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. We discuss potential mechanisms and management of ocular adverse events associated with MIRV administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Mai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Limei Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rutie Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongmei Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinke Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qintong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Li YY, Xie HJ, Yang L, Mai J. A Rare Hemoglobin Variant Detected in a Pregnant Chinese Woman. Clin Lab 2023; 69. [PMID: 37436392 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2023.221222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemoglobin Variant (HBB:c.155 C>A) is a rare mutation caused by β-globin gene mutation called Hemoglobin North Manchester. So far, its existence has no adverse effect on human body, and it is a rare benign hemoglobin variant. METHODS We reported a 32-year-old pregnant woman with discordant HbA1c and glucose measurements. In 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), the pregnant woman got hyperglycemia at 1h-OGTT and 2h-OGTT. However, the pregnant woman had a low HbA1c of 3.9%. Subsequently, gene sequencing identified a rare mutation in the gene (HBB:c.155 C>A). RESULTS We report for the first time that a case of North Manchester mutation in a Chinese female patient. In this case, it was found that the North Manchester variant could affect the examination of HbA1c when measured by ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), causing in falsely low HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS Hemoglobin variants may lead to false HbA1c measurement. Clinicians should consider hemoglobin variants when HbA1c results are inconsistent with other laboratory tests.
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He J, Zhang G, Wang Y, Yang H, Dai Q, Guo S, Mai J. The possibility of automatic capillary blood testing in routine blood tests: an evaluation of the automatic mode of the Mindray BC-7500 CRP Auto Hematology Analyzer for capillary blood testing. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2023; 13:465-473. [PMID: 37405010 PMCID: PMC10315426 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-23-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Capillary blood is a common specimen type used for infant blood routine tests. Until now, this specimen type could only be tested with the manual mode in hematology analyzers. Manual sample mixing and loading increases the amount labor force and can be more easily affected by human factors. This study was designed to investigate the proficiency of the automatic mode of the Mindray BC-7500 CRP Auto Hematology Analyzer for capillary blood testing. Methods The complete blood count (CBC) results for capillary blood were compared between the automatic and manual modes. Special types of samples, including samples with high or low volume, thalassemia red cells, high fibrinogen, high hematocrit (HCT), or high triglyceride levels, were compared and evaluated. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to define the agreement between the 2 modes. The industry standard Analytical Quality Specifications for Routine Tests in Clinical Hematology (WS/T 406-2012), published by the National Health Commission of China, was used to evaluate the correlation between the results from the 2 modes. Results There was good correlation between the automatic and manual modes for every type of sample, and the ICCs were all higher than 0.9. Except for high HCT or high triglyceride samples, there were no differences found between the 2 modes based on the WS/T 406-2012 standard. Conclusions This new automatic mode utilized in the Mindray BC-7500 CRP Auto Hematology Analyzer for capillary blood yielded the same results as the manual mode except in the case of samples with high HCT or triglycerides. Capillary blood might be routinely tested automatically with hematology analyzers in the near future, which might reduce the labor required and improve standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuefang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingkai Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Siqi Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Mai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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Zeng X, Mai J, Xie H, Yang L, Liu X. Activation of CB1R alleviates central sensitization by regulating HCN2-pNR2B signaling in a chronic migraine rat model. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:44. [PMID: 37085778 PMCID: PMC10120244 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Central sensitization has been widely accepted as an underlying pathophysiological mechanism of chronic migraine (CM), activation of cannabinoid type-1 receptor (CB1R) exerts antinociceptive effects by relieving central sensitization in many pain models. However, the role of CB1R in the central sensitization of CM is still unclear. METHODS A CM model was established by infusing inflammatory soup (IS) into the dura of male Wistar rats for 7 days, and hyperalgesia was assessed by the mechanical and thermal thresholds. In the periaqueductal gray (PAG), the mRNA and protein levels of CB1R and hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 2 (HCN2) were measured by qRT-PCR and western blotting. After intraventricular injection of Noladin ether (NE) (a CB1R agonist), ZD 7288 (an HCN2 blocker), and AM 251 (a CB1R antagonist), the expression of tyrosine phosphorylation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype 2B (pNR2B), calcium-calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), and phosphorylated cAMP-responsive element binding protein (pCREB) was detected, and central sensitization was evaluated by the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), c-Fos, and substance P (SP). Synaptic-associated protein (postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) and synaptophysin (Syp)) and synaptic ultrastructure were detected to explore synaptic plasticity in central sensitization. RESULTS We observed that the mRNA and protein levels of CB1R and HCN2 were both significantly increased in the PAG of CM rats. The application of NE or ZD 7288 ameliorated IS-induced hyperalgesia; repressed the pNR2B/CaMKII/pCREB pathway; reduced CGRP, c-Fos, SP, PSD95, and Syp expression; and inhibited synaptic transmission. Strikingly, the application of ZD 7288 relieved AM 251-evoked elevation of pNR2B, CGRP, and c-Fos expression. CONCLUSIONS These data reveal that activation of CB1R alleviates central sensitization by regulating HCN2-pNR2B signaling in CM rats. The activation of CB1R might have a positive influence on the prevention of CM by mitigating central sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Mai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongjian Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.
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Yang L, Chen YX, Li YY, Liu XJ, Jiang YM, Mai J. Systematic analysis of expression profiles and prognostic significance for MMDS-related iron-sulfur proteins in renal clear cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19637. [PMID: 36385109 PMCID: PMC9669015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22479-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial metabolism disorders play an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors, and iron-sulfur protein is an important molecule for maintaining the normal function of mitochondria. However, the relationship between the expression, prognostic value, and immune infiltration of MMDS-related iron-sulfur protein genes in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) remains unclear. Based on online databases bioinformatics analysis was performed to evaluate the expression differences, survival impacts, immune infiltration, and prognostic significance of multiple mitochondrial dysfunction syndrome (MMDS)-related iron-sulfur protein genes in KIRC patients. For example, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING and GEPIA database; Survival impacts were constructed by TCGA database; Immune infiltration was analyzed using TIMER database. There were significant differences in the mRNA expression levels of ISCA1, ISCA2, C1ORF69 and NFU1 in KIRC among different tumor grades and individual cancer stages. Furthermore, KIRC with high transcription levels of ISCA1, ISCA2, C1ORF69 and NFU1 (p < 0.01) was significantly associated with long overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). In addition, overexpression of four genes, NFU1, ISCA1, ISCA2, and C1ORF69 in KIRC indicated a better prognosis. Further studies showed that immune cells had a significantly positive correlation with iron-sulfur protein family genes, including CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells and B cells. More importantly, the results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of NFU1, ISCA1, ISCA2 and C1ORF69 in normal tissues was higher than that in renal clear cell carcinoma tissues. In this study, we systematically analyzed the expression and prognostic value of iron-sulfur protein family genes in KIRC. More importantly, NFU1, ISCA1, ISCA2, and C1ORF69 are expected to become potential therapeutic targets for KIRC, as well as potential prognostic markers for improving the survival rate and prognostic accuracy of KIRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Yu-Xin Chen
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Ying-Ying Li
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Xiao-Juan Liu
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Yong-Mei Jiang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Jia Mai
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan China
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Chen YX, Liu XJ, Yang L, He JJ, Jiang YM, Mai J. Systematic analysis of expression profiles and prognostic significance of the FGF gene family in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:435. [PMID: 36311692 PMCID: PMC9607860 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a malignant tumor with one of the highest associated mortality rates worldwide, and a 5-year survival rate of <5%. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) serve important roles in numerous cellular functions, and dysregulation of FGFs contributes to various cancer types. However, there are few reports on the function of FGFs in PAAD. The Assistant for Clinical Bioinformatics database, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, Kaplan-Meier plotter and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource were utilized to perform the protein-protein interaction network, functional enrichment, univariate Cox regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox, differential expression, prognostic value and immune cell infiltration analyses of FGFs in patients with PAAD. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to verify the predictive value of the model. A total of 22 FGF genes were identified. Based on the results of LASSO Cox regression analysis, a total of six genes, including FGF2, FGF8, FGF9, FGF13, FGF17 and FGF22, were selected for the establishment of the prognostic gene signature. High transcriptional levels of FGF17 and FGF22 were significantly associated with long overall survival. The expression of FGFs was associated with the infiltration of various immune cells. According to univariate and multivariate analyses, FGF2 and FGF8 may be useful independent prognostic biomarkers for the prognosis of patients with PAAD. IHC demonstrated that FGF2 and FGF8 were more highly expressed in PAAD tissues compared with that in normal tissues. The present findings offer a novel understanding for the selection of FGF prognostic biomarkers in PAAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Juan Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Jing He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Mei Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jia Mai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Yang L, Xie HJ, Li YY, Wang X, Liu XX, Mai J. Molecular mechanisms of platinum‑based chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2022; 47:82. [PMID: 35211759 PMCID: PMC8908330 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most effective chemotherapy drugs for ovarian cancer, but resistance is common. The initial response to platinum‑based chemotherapy is as high as 80%, but in most advanced patients, final relapse and death are caused by acquired drug resistance. The development of resistance to therapy in ovarian cancer is a significant hindrance to therapeutic efficacy. The resistance of ovarian cancer cells to chemotherapeutic mechanisms is rather complex and includes multidrug resistance, DNA damage repair, cell metabolism, oxidative stress, cell cycle regulation, cancer stem cells, immunity, apoptotic pathways, autophagy and abnormal signaling pathways. The present review provided an update of recent developments in our understanding of the mechanisms of ovarian cancer platinum‑based chemotherapy resistance, discussed current and emerging approaches for targeting these patients and presented challenges associated with these approaches, with a focus on development and overcoming resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Jian Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Ying Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Xin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jia Mai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Li X, Yang KB, Chen W, Mai J, Wu XQ, Sun T, Wu RY, Jiao L, Li DD, Ji J, Zhang HL, Yu Y, Chen YH, Feng GK, Deng R, Li JD, Zhu XF. CUL3 (cullin 3)-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of BECN1 (beclin 1) inhibit autophagy and promote tumor progression. Autophagy 2021; 17:4323-4340. [PMID: 33977871 PMCID: PMC8726624 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1912270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy plays an important role during the development of human cancer. BECN1 (beclin 1), a core player in autophagy regulation, is downregulated in many kinds of malignancy. The underlying mechanism, however, has not been fully illuminated. Here, we found that CUL3 (cullin 3), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, could interact with BECN1 and promote the K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation of this protein; In addition, CUL3 led to a decrease in autophagic activity through downregulating BECN1. We also found that KLHL38 was a substrate adaptor of the CUL3 E3 ligase complex-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of BECN1. In breast and ovarian cancer, CUL3 could promote the proliferation of tumor cells, and the expression of CUL3 was related to poor prognosis in patients. Our study reveals the underlying mechanism of BECN1 ubiquitination and degradation that affects autophagic activity and subsequently leads to tumor progression, providing a novel therapeutic strategy that regulates autophagy to combat cancer.Abbreviations: ATG: autophagy-related BECN1: beclin 1 CHX: cycloheximide CoIP: co-immunoprecipitation CUL3: cullin 3 IP: immunoprecipitation MS: mass spectrometry PtdIns3K: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase UPS: ubiquitin-proteasome system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai-Bin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- The 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui-Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan-Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gong-Kan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Deng R, Zhang HL, Huang JH, Cai RZ, Wang Y, Chen YH, Hu BX, Ye ZP, Li ZL, Mai J, Huang Y, Li X, Peng XD, Feng GK, Li JD, Tang J, Zhu XF. MAPK1/3 kinase-dependent ULK1 degradation attenuates mitophagy and promotes breast cancer bone metastasis. Autophagy 2021. [PMID: 33213267 DOI: 10.1080/155486271760623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of mitophagy in cancer is controversial. ULK1 is critical for induction of macroautophagy/autophagy and has a more specific role in mitophagy in response to hypoxia. Here, we show that ULK1 deficiency induces an invasive phenotype of breast cancer cells under hypoxia and increases osteolytic bone metastasis. Mechanistically, ULK1 depletion attenuates mitophagy ability during hypoxia. As a result, the accumulation of damaged, ROS-generating mitochondria leads to activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which induces abnormal soluble cytokines secretion, then promotes the differentiation and maturation of osteoclasts, and ultimately results in bone metastasis. Notably, phosphorylation of ULK1 by MAPK1/ERK2-MAPK3/ERK1 kinase triggers its interaction with BTRC and subsequent K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasome degradation. Also, a clearly negative correlation between the expression levels of ULK1 and p-MAPK1/3 was observed in human breast cancer tissues. The MAP2K/MEK inhibitor trametinib is sufficient to restore mitophagy function via upregulation of ULK1, leading to inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, thereby reduces bone metastasis. These results indicate that ULK1 knockout-mediated mitophagy defect promotes breast cancer bone metastasis and provide evidence to explore MAP2K/MEK- MAPK1/3 pathway inhibitors for therapy, especially in cancers displaying low levels of ULK1.Abbreviations: ATG: autophagy-related; Baf A1: bafilomycin A1; BTRC/β-TrCP: beta-transducin repeat containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; CHX: cycloheximide; CM: conditioned media; FBXW7/FBW7: F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7; MAPK1: mitogen-activated protein kinase 1; MTDR: MitoTracker Deep Red; mtROS: mitochondrial reactive oxygen species; microCT: micro-computed tomography; mtROS: mitochondrial reactive oxygen species; OCR: oxygen consumption rate; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; ACP5/TRAP: acid phosphatase, tartrate resistant; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Zhao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing-Xin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gong-Kan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Wu R, Wang C, Li Z, Xiao J, Li C, Wang X, Kong P, Cao J, Huang F, Li Z, Huang Y, Chen Y, Li X, Yang D, Zhang H, Mai J, Feng G, Deng R, Zhu X. SOX2 promotes resistance of melanoma with PD-L1 high expression to T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity that can be reversed by SAHA. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-001037. [PMID: 33158915 PMCID: PMC7651737 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) induce better tumor regression in melanoma with programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) high expression, but there has been an upsurge of failed responses. In this study, we aimed to explore the additional mechanisms possibly accounting for ICIs resistance and interventional strategies to overcome the resistance in melanoma with PD-L1 high expression. METHODS Melanoma xenografts and cytotoxicity assays were used to investigate function of SOX2 in regulating antitumor immunity. The activity of the janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcriptions (JAK-STAT) pathway was investigated by western blots, quantitative PCR and luciferase assay. Epigenetic compounds library screen was employed to identify inhibitors that could decrease SOX2 level. The effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA in antitumor immunity alone or in combination with immunotherapy was also determined in vitro and in vivo. Prognostic impact of SOX2 was analyzed using transcriptional profiles and clinical data download from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas repository. RESULTS We uncovered a role of SOX2 in attenuating the sensitivity of melanoma cells to CD8+ T-cell killing. Mechanistically, SOX2 inhibited phosphatases suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) and protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 1 (PTPN1) transcription, induced duration activation of the JAK-STAT pathway and thereby overexpression of interferon stimulated genes resistance signature (ISG.RS). By targeting the SOX2-JAK-STAT signaling, SAHA promoted the antitumor efficacy of IFNγ or anti-PD-1 in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, SOX2 was an independent prognostic factor for poor survival and resistant to anti-PD-1 therapy in melanoma with PD-L1 high expression. CONCLUSIONS Our data unveiled an additional function of SOX2 causing immune evasion of CD8+ T-cell killing through alleviating the JAK-STAT pathway and ISG.RS expression. We also provided a rationale to explore a novel combination of ICIs with SAHA clinically, especially in melanoma with PD-L1 and SOX2 high expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of The Second Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Department of The Second Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Pengfei Kong
- Department of Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianghua Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fuxue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gongkan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Sun T, Peng H, Mao W, Ma L, Liu H, Mai J, Jiao L. Autophagy-mediated negative feedback attenuates the oncogenic activity of YAP in pancreatic cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:3634-3645. [PMID: 34512171 PMCID: PMC8416727 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.61795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most lethal malignancy in humans, and new therapeutic targets are urgently needed. Yes-associated protein (YAP) plays a significant role in cancer progression. Autophagy is also closely associated with various human cancers. However, the interplay between YAP and autophagy in PDAC remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that YAP was upregulated and activated in PDAC. Further analysis revealed that there is a YAP-autophagy feedback loop in pancreatic cancer. Mechanistically, YAP activates autophagy by promoting Atg5 transcription via TEAD1-mediated binding, while autophagy negatively regulates YAP through autophagic degradation. The hyperactivation of YAP in PDAC unbalances the YAP-autophagy circuit and promotes cancer progression. Inhibition of autophagy enhances the oncogenic activity of YAP in PDAC. The autophagy activator rapamycin promotes the antitumor effect of verteporfin, a YAP inhibitor. Therefore, our study elucidated the interaction between YAP and autophagy in PDAC and our results suggest that targeting the YAP-autophagy circuit may be a new therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Wenhao Mao
- Department of Clinical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Liwei Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jia Mai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Jiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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13
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Huang Y, Zhang HL, Li ZL, Du T, Chen YH, Wang Y, Ni HH, Zhang KM, Mai J, Hu BX, Huang JH, Zhou LH, Yang D, Peng XD, Feng GK, Tang J, Zhu XF, Deng R. FUT8-mediated aberrant N-glycosylation of B7H3 suppresses the immune response in triple-negative breast cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2672. [PMID: 33976130 PMCID: PMC8113546 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22618-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) do not respond to anti-PD1/PDL1 immunotherapy, indicating the necessity to explore immune checkpoint targets. B7H3 is a highly glycosylated protein. However, the mechanisms of B7H3 glycosylation regulation and whether the sugar moiety contributes to immunosuppression are unclear. Here, we identify aberrant B7H3 glycosylation and show that N-glycosylation of B7H3 at NXT motif sites is responsible for its protein stability and immunosuppression in TNBC tumors. The fucosyltransferase FUT8 catalyzes B7H3 core fucosylation at N-glycans to maintain its high expression. Knockdown of FUT8 rescues glycosylated B7H3-mediated immunosuppressive function in TNBC cells. Abnormal B7H3 glycosylation mediated by FUT8 overexpression can be physiologically important and clinically relevant in patients with TNBC. Notably, the combination of core fucosylation inhibitor 2F-Fuc and anti-PDL1 results in enhanced therapeutic efficacy in B7H3-positive TNBC tumors. These findings suggest that targeting the FUT8-B7H3 axis might be a promising strategy for improving anti-tumor immune responses in patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan-He Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing-Xin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Huan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gong-Kan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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Mao W, Mai J, Peng H, Wan J, Sun T. YAP in pancreatic cancer: oncogenic role and therapeutic strategy. Theranostics 2021; 11:1753-1762. [PMID: 33408779 PMCID: PMC7778590 DOI: 10.7150/thno.53438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, especially pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), remains a fatal disease with few efficacious treatments. The Hippo signaling pathway, an evolutionarily conserved signaling module, plays critical roles in tissue homeostasis, organ size control and tumorigenesis. The transcriptional coactivator yes-associated protein (YAP), a major downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, is associated with various human cancers including PDAC. Considering its importance in cancer, YAP is emerging as a promising therapeutic target. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the oncogenic role and regulatory mechanism of YAP in PDAC, and the potential therapeutic strategies targeting YAP.
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Deng R, Zhang HL, Huang JH, Cai RZ, Wang Y, Chen YH, Hu BX, Ye ZP, Li ZL, Mai J, Huang Y, Li X, Peng XD, Feng GK, Li JD, Tang J, Zhu XF. MAPK1/3 kinase-dependent ULK1 degradation attenuates mitophagy and promotes breast cancer bone metastasis. Autophagy 2020; 17:3011-3029. [PMID: 33213267 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1850609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of mitophagy in cancer is controversial. ULK1 is critical for induction of macroautophagy/autophagy and has a more specific role in mitophagy in response to hypoxia. Here, we show that ULK1 deficiency induces an invasive phenotype of breast cancer cells under hypoxia and increases osteolytic bone metastasis. Mechanistically, ULK1 depletion attenuates mitophagy ability during hypoxia. As a result, the accumulation of damaged, ROS-generating mitochondria leads to activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which induces abnormal soluble cytokines secretion, then promotes the differentiation and maturation of osteoclasts, and ultimately results in bone metastasis. Notably, phosphorylation of ULK1 by MAPK1/ERK2-MAPK3/ERK1 kinase triggers its interaction with BTRC and subsequent K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasome degradation. Also, a clearly negative correlation between the expression levels of ULK1 and p-MAPK1/3 was observed in human breast cancer tissues. The MAP2K/MEK inhibitor trametinib is sufficient to restore mitophagy function via upregulation of ULK1, leading to inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, thereby reduces bone metastasis. These results indicate that ULK1 knockout-mediated mitophagy defect promotes breast cancer bone metastasis and provide evidence to explore MAP2K/MEK- MAPK1/3 pathway inhibitors for therapy, especially in cancers displaying low levels of ULK1.Abbreviations: ATG: autophagy-related; Baf A1: bafilomycin A1; BTRC/β-TrCP: beta-transducin repeat containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; CHX: cycloheximide; CM: conditioned media; FBXW7/FBW7: F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7; MAPK1: mitogen-activated protein kinase 1; MTDR: MitoTracker Deep Red; mtROS: mitochondrial reactive oxygen species; microCT: micro-computed tomography; mtROS: mitochondrial reactive oxygen species; OCR: oxygen consumption rate; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; ACP5/TRAP: acid phosphatase, tartrate resistant; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Zhao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing-Xin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gong-Kan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Deng R, Huang JH, Wang Y, Zhou LH, Wang ZF, Hu BX, Chen YH, Yang D, Mai J, Li ZL, Zhang HL, Huang Y, Peng XD, Feng GK, Zhu XF, Tang J. Disruption of super-enhancer-driven tumor suppressor gene RCAN1.4 expression promotes the malignancy of breast carcinoma. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:122. [PMID: 32771023 PMCID: PMC7414732 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Super-enhancers (SEs) play a crucial role in cancer, which is often associate with activated oncogenes. However, little is known about how SEs facilitate tumour suppression. Individuals with Down syndrome exhibit a remarkably reduced incidence of breast cancer (BC), moving the search for tumor suppressor genes on human chromosome 21 (HSA21). In this study, we aim to identify and explore potential mechanisms by which SEs are established for tumor suppressor RCAN1.4 on HSA21 in BC. Methods In silico analysis and immunohistochemical staining were used to assess the expression and clinical relevance of RCAN1.4 and RUNX3 in BC. Function experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of RCAN1.4 on the malignancy of breast carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. ChIP-seq data analysis, ChIP-qPCR, double-CRISPR genome editing, and luciferase reporter assay were utilized to confirm RUNX3 was involved in regulating RCAN1.4-associated SE in BC. The clinical value of co-expression of RCAN1.4 and RUNX3 was evaluated in BC patients. Results Here, we characterized RCAN1.4 as a potential tumour suppressor in BC. RCAN1.4 loss promoted tumour metastasis to bone and brain, and its overexpression inhibited tumour growth by blocking the calcineurin-NFATc1 pathway. Unexpectedly, we found RCAN1.4 expression was driven by a ~ 23 kb-long SE. RCAN1.4-SEdistal was sensitive to BRD4 inhibition, and its deletion decreased RCAN1.4 expression by over 90% and induced the malignant phenotype of BC cells. We also discovered that the binding sites in the SE region of RCAN1.4 were enriched for consensus sequences of transcription factor RUNX3. Knockdown of RUNX3 repressed the luciferase activity and also decreased H3K27ac enrichment binding at the SE region of RCAN1.4. Furthermore, abnormal SE-driven RCAN1.4 expression mediated by RUNX3 loss could be physiologically significant and clinically relevant in BC patients. Notably, we established a prognostic model based on RCAN1.4 and RUNX3 co-expression that effectively predicted the overall survival in BC patients. Conclusions These findings reveal an important role of SEs in facilitating tumour suppression in BC. Considering that the combination of low RCAN1.4 and low RUNX3 expression has worse prognosis, RUNX3-RCAN1.4 axis maybe a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Huan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing-Xin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gong-Kan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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17
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Li ZL, Zhang HL, Huang Y, Huang JH, Sun P, Zhou NN, Chen YH, Mai J, Wang Y, Yu Y, Zhou LH, Li X, Yang D, Peng XD, Feng GK, Tang J, Zhu XF, Deng R. Autophagy deficiency promotes triple-negative breast cancer resistance to T cell-mediated cytotoxicity by blocking tenascin-C degradation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3806. [PMID: 32732922 PMCID: PMC7393512 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17395-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Most triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients fail to respond to T cell-mediated immunotherapies. Unfortunately, the molecular determinants are still poorly understood. Breast cancer is the disease genetically linked to a deficiency in autophagy. Here, we show that autophagy defects in TNBC cells inhibit T cell-mediated tumour killing in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we identify Tenascin-C as a candidate for autophagy deficiency-mediated immunosuppression, in which Tenascin-C is Lys63-ubiquitinated by Skp2, particularly at Lys942 and Lys1882, thus promoting its recognition by p62 and leading to its selective autophagic degradation. High Tenascin-C expression is associated with poor prognosis and inversely correlated with LC3B expression and CD8+ T cells in TNBC patients. More importantly, inhibition of Tenascin-C in autophagy-impaired TNBC cells sensitizes T cell-mediated tumour killing and improves antitumour effects of single anti-PD1/PDL1 therapy. Our results provide a potential strategy for targeting TNBC with the combination of Tenascin-C blockade and immune checkpoint inhibitors. T cell mediated therapies have proven largely unsuccessful in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Here, the authors show that autophagy is reduced in TNBC, which results in an increase in Tenascin C and reduced activation of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jun-Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ning-Ning Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yu-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jia Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Li-Huan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Gong-Kan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China. .,Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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18
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Mai J, Zhong ZY, Chen XX, Xiang YQ, Li X, Zhang HL, Deng R, Zhu XF. Abstract 4651: Polo-like kinase 1 phosphorylates and stabilizes KLF4 to promote tumorigenesis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-4651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an aggressive disease with no targeted therapies and poor outcomes. New innovative targets are urgently needed. Krüppel-like factor 4 (klf4, gklf) is a zinc-finger transcription factor involved in a wide variety of cellular processes, including apoptosis, cell cycle progression and stem cell renewal. Emerging data indicate that klf4 dysregulation either facilitates or impedes tumor progression. The function of klf4 in NPC remains elusive.
METHODS we examined the expression of klf4 in human NPC (n=152) with a tissue immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay, and performed klf4 knockdown stable cell line with two different small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) to evaluate the impact of klf4 on NPC. Global gene expression experiments were performed to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying klf4-dependent tumorigenesis. Small-molecule kinase inhibitor screening was performed to identify potential upstream kinases of klf4. Co-immunoprecipitation assay used to test the interaction between plk1 and klf4. Mass spectrometry analysis was performed to determine the specific site at which klf4 is phosphorylated by plk1. Statistical analyses were conducted using GraphPad Prism, SPSS software and JavaGSEA Desktop Application. A p value of <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.
RESULTS Our investigation showed that high expression of klf4 was correlated with poor prognosis in NPC. Moreover, genome-wide profiling revealed that klf4 directly activated oncogenic programmes, including gene sets associated with KRAS, VEGF, and MYC signalling. We further found that inhibition of polo-like kinase 1 could downregulate the expression of klf4 and that plk1 directly phosphorylated klf4 at Ser234. Notably, phosphorylation of klf4 by plk1 caused the recruitment and binding of the E3 ligase traf6, which resulted in klf4 K32 K63-linked ubiquitination and klf4 stabilization. Moreover, klf4 could enhance traf6 expression at the transcriptional level, thus initiating a klf4-traf6 feed-forward loop. Treatment with the plk1 inhibitor volasertib (BI6727) significantly inhibited tumor growth in nude mice.
CONCLUSION In this study, we revealed that klf4 is upregulated in NPC and is correlated with poor prognoses. Our study demonstrated for the first time that plk1 can directly interact with klf4 and phosphorylate Ser234, alter the affinity of klf4 for the E3 ligase traf6, and promote the K63-linked ubiquitination of klf4 K32. In addition, klf4 can enhance traf6 expression at the transcriptional level and further promote klf4 expression. The resulting increase in klf4 ubiquitination leads to stabilization and upregulation of klf4, which leads to tumorigenesis in NPC. These results expand our understanding of the role of KLF4 in NPC and validate PLK1 inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents for NPC.
Citation Format: Jia Mai, Zhuo-Yan Zhong, Xiu-Xing Chen, Yan-Qun Xiang, Xuan Li, Hai-Liang Zhang, Rong Deng, Xiao-Feng Zhu. Polo-like kinase 1 phosphorylates and stabilizes KLF4 to promote tumorigenesis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4651.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Mai
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Xiu-Xing Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Qun Xiang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Rong Deng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Mai J, Zhong ZY, Guo GF, Chen XX, Xiang YQ, Li X, Zhang HL, Chen YH, Xu XL, Wu RY, Yu Y, Li ZL, Peng XD, Huang Y, Zhou LH, Feng GK, Guo X, Deng R, Zhu XF. Polo-Like Kinase 1 phosphorylates and stabilizes KLF4 to promote tumorigenesis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Theranostics 2019; 9:3541-3554. [PMID: 31281496 PMCID: PMC6587166 DOI: 10.7150/thno.32908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an aggressive disease with no targeted therapies and poor outcomes. New innovative targets are urgently needed. KLF4 has been extensively studied in the context of tumors, and current data suggest that it can act as either a tissue-specific tumor-inhibiting or a tumor-promoting gene. Here, we found that KLF4 played as a tumor-promoting gene in NPC, and could be mediated by PLK1. Methods: Tissue immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay was performed to identify the role of KLF4 in NPC. Global gene expression experiments were performed to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying KLF4-dependent tumorigenesis. Small-molecule kinase inhibitor screening was performed to identify potential upstream kinases of KLF4. The pharmacologic activity of polo-like kinase inhibitor volasertib (BI6727) in vitro and in vivo was determined. Result: Our investigation showed that high expression of KLF4 was correlated with poor prognosis in NPC. Moreover, genome-wide profiling revealed that KLF4 directly activated oncogenic programmes, including gene sets associated with KRAS, VEGF, and MYC signalling. We further found that inhibition of polo-like kinase 1 could downregulate the expression of KLF4 and that PLK1 directly phosphorylated KLF4 at Ser234. Notably, phosphorylation of KLF4 by PLK1 caused the recruitment and binding of the E3 ligase TRAF6, which resulted in KLF4 K32 K63-linked ubiquitination and stabilization. Moreover, KLF4 could enhance TRAF6 expression at the transcriptional level, thus initiating a KLF4-TRAF6 feed-forward loop. Treatment with the PLK1 inhibitor volasertib (BI6727) significantly inhibited tumor growth in nude mice. Conclusion: Our study unveiled a new PLK1-TRAF6-KLF4 feed-forward loop. The resulting increase in KLF4 ubiquitination leads to stabilization and upregulation of KLF4, which leads to tumorigenesis in NPC. These results expand our understanding of the role of KLF4 in NPC and validate PLK1 inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents for NPC, especially cancer patients with KLF4 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo-Yan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Fang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of VIP Inpatient, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Xing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of VIP Inpatient, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Qun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Lian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Huan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gong-Kan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Wu RY, Kong PF, Xia LP, Huang Y, Li ZL, Tang YY, Chen YH, Li X, Senthilkumar R, Zhang HL, Sun T, Xu XL, Yu Y, Mai J, Peng XD, Yang D, Zhou LH, Feng GK, Deng R, Zhu XF. Regorafenib Promotes Antitumor Immunity via Inhibiting PD-L1 and IDO1 Expression in Melanoma. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:4530-4541. [PMID: 30940655 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-2840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy induces durable tumor regressions in a minority of patients with cancer. In this study, we aimed to identify kinase inhibitors that were capable of increasing the antimelanoma immunity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Flow cytometry-based screening was performed to identify kinase inhibitors that can block the IFNγ-induced PD-L1 expression in melanoma cells. The pharmacologic activities of regorafenib alone or in combination with immunotherapy in vitro and in vivo were determined. The mechanisms of regorafenib were explored and analyzed in melanoma patients treated with or without anti-PD-1 using The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets. RESULTS Through screening of a kinase inhibitor library, we found approximately 20 agents that caused more than half reduction of cell surface PD-L1 level, and regorafenib was one of the most potent agents. Furthermore, our results showed that regorafenib, in vitro and in vivo, strongly promoted the antitumor efficacy when combined with IFNγ or ICB. By targeting the RET-Src axis, regorafenib potently inhibited JAK1/2-STAT1 and MAPK signaling and subsequently attenuated the IFNγ-induced PD-L1 and IDO1 expression without affecting MHC-I expression much. Moreover, RET and Src co-high expression was an independent unfavorable prognosis factor in melanoma patients with or without ICB through inhibiting the antitumor immune response. CONCLUSIONS Our data unveiled a new mechanism of alleviating IFNγ-induced PD-L1 and IDO1 expression and provided a rationale to explore a novel combination of ICB with regorafenib clinically, especially in melanoma with RET/Src axis activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng-Fei Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Ping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of the VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Yun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ravichandran Senthilkumar
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xue-Lian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Huan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gong-Kan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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Negre H, Pinte L, Manduke R, Cunningham A, Anderson H, Richard S, Khelladi R, Mai J, Chow S, Kelley M, Daley H, Sturtevant O, Nikiforow S, Ritz J. Personnel environmental monitoring during manufacture of manipulated cell therapy products. Cytotherapy 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.02.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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22
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Xu XL, Ye YL, Wu ZM, He QM, Tan L, Xiao KH, Wu RY, Yu Y, Mai J, Li ZL, Peng XD, Huang Y, Li X, Zhang HL, Zhu XF, Qin ZK. Overexpression of PTK6 predicts poor prognosis in bladder cancer patients. J Cancer 2017; 8:3464-3473. [PMID: 29151930 PMCID: PMC5687160 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine kinase 6 (PTK6) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase and works as an oncogene in various cancers. Recently, PTK6 has been used as a therapeutic target for breast cancer patients in a clinical study. However, the prognostic value of PTK6 in bladder cancer (BC) remains vague. Therefore, we retrieved 3 independent investigations of Oncomine database and found that PTK6 is highly expressed in BC tissues compared with corresponding normal controls. Similar results were also observed in clinical specimens at both mRNA and protein levels. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that PTK6 overexpression was highly related to the T classification, N classification, grade, recurrence, and poor prognosis of BC patients. Furthermore, we demonstrated that when PTK6 expression was knocked down by siRNAs, cell proliferation and migration were considerably inhibited in BC cell lines T24 and EJ. By these approaches, we are intended to elucidate PTK6 may be a reliable therapeutic target in BC and might benefit from PTK6 inhibitors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Lian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yun-Lin Ye
- Department of Urological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Wu
- Department of Urological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Qiu-Ming He
- Department of Urological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Lei Tan
- Department of Urological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Kang-Hua Xiao
- Department of Urological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Rui-Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jia Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zi-Ke Qin
- Department of Urological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
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Liu X, Nie Z, Chen J, Guo X, Ou Y, Chen G, Mai J, Gong W, Wu Y, Gao X, Qu Y, Bell E, Lin S, Zhuang J. 1193Maternal environmental tobacco smoke interacted with other factors on cardiovascular defects in a population case-control study. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.1193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Qu Y, Liu X, Bell E, Chen J, Han F, Pan W, Cen J, Ou Y, Wen S, Mai J, Nie Z, Gao X, Wu Y, Lin S, Zhuang J. P6209Perinatal outcome of fetus with prenatal diagnosed congenital heart defects, results of a cohort study from China. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.p6209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ferrari M, Xu R, Zhang G, Mai J, Shen H. Abstract P3-06-06: Development of iNPG-pDox for metastatic breast cancer treatment. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p3-06-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was not presented at the symposium.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ferrari
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX; Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - R Xu
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX; Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - G Zhang
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX; Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - J Mai
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX; Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - H Shen
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX; Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Xu XL, Cheng H, Tang MS, Zhang HL, Wu RY, Yu Y, Li X, Wang XM, Mai J, Yang CL, Jiao L, Li ZL, Zhong ZM, Deng R, Li JD, Zhu XF. A novel nomogram based on LODDS to predict the prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:8120-8130. [PMID: 28042955 PMCID: PMC5352387 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To develop and validate a nomogram based on log of odds between the number of positive lymph node and the number of negative lymph node (LODDS) in predicting the overall survival (OS) and cancer specific survival (CSS) for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 10,692 post-operative EOC patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2013 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and randomly divided into training (n = 7,021) and validation (n = 3,671) cohorts. Multiple clinical pathological parameters were assessed and compared with outcomes. Parameters significantly correlating with outcomes were used to build a nomogram. Bootstrap validation was subsequently used to assess the predictive value of the model. RESULTS In the training set, age at diagnosis, race, marital status, tumor location, stage, grade and LODDS were correlated significantly with outcome in both the univariate and multivariate analyses and were used to develop a nomogram. The nomogram demonstrated good accuracy in predicting OS and CSS, with a bootstrap-corrected concordance index of 0.757 (95% CI, 0.746-0.768) for OS and 0.770 (95% CI, 0.759-0.782) for CSS. Notably, in this population our model performed favorably compared to the currently utilized Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) model, with concordance indices of 0.699 (95% CI, 0.688-0.710, P < 0.05) and 0.719 (95% CI, 0.709- 0.730, P < 0.05) for OS and CSS, respectively. Using our nomogram in the validation cohort, the C-indices were 0.757 (95% CI, 0.741-0.773, P < 0.05, compared to FIGO) for OS and 0.762 (95% CI, 0.746-0.779, P < 0.05, compared to FIGO) for CSS. CONCLUSIONS LODDS works as an independent prognostic factor for predicting survival in patients with EOC regardless of the tumor stage. By incorporating LODDS, our nomogram may be superior to the currently utilized FIGO staging system in predicting OS and CSS among post-operative EOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Lian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Meng-Si Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Rui-Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiu-Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jia Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chen-Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Lin Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zhen-Mei Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jun-Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Xu J, Hsu D, Mai J, Lo S. Utility of Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE) to Guide Eculizumab Treatment in Adult Onset Atypical Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (aHUS) with Severe Cardiac Involvement. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Guo L, Yang J, Mai J, Du X, Guo Y, Li P, Yue Y, Tang D, Lu C, Zhang WH. Prevalence and associated factors of myopia among primary and middle school-aged students: a school-based study in Guangzhou. Eye (Lond) 2016; 30:796-804. [PMID: 26965016 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2016.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeTo estimate the prevalence of myopia among primary and middle school-aged students in Guangzhou and to explore the potentially contributing factors to myopia.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was based on a sample of students in grades 1-6 and grades 7-9. Data were collected from refractive error measurements and a structured questionnaire.ResultsA total of 3055 participants were involved in this analysis, and the overall prevalence of myopia was 47.4% (95% confidence interval (CI)= 45.6-49.2%). The prevalence of myopia in students increased along with the growth of grade level; the prevalence of myopia in students in grade 1 was only 0.2%, as it increased to 38.8% in students in grade 3, and the rate was the highest (68.4%) in students in grade 9. Girls were at a higher risk of myopia than boys (adjusted odds ratio=1.22, 95% CI=1.04-1.44). Both male and female students whose distance of reading was longer than 25 cm were less likely to have myopia and who have one or two myopic parents were at a higher risk of myopia. In addition, reading for pleasure more than 2 h per day (adjusted odds ratio=1.84, 95% CI=1.09-3.12) was only positively associated with myopia in boys and spending time watching television per week was only positively associated with myopia in girls.ConclusionMyopia in students is a significant public health problem in Guangzhou. Female gender, higher grade, longer time spent for near work, shorter distance of near work, and parental myopia were shown to be associated with the increasing risk of myopia in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Guo
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research Centre, School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussel, Belgium
| | - J Yang
- Health Promotion Centre for Primary and Secondary Schools of Guangzhou Municipality, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - J Mai
- Health Promotion Centre for Primary and Secondary Schools of Guangzhou Municipality, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - X Du
- Health Promotion Centre for Primary and Secondary Schools of Guangzhou Municipality, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Guo
- Health Promotion Centre for Primary and Secondary Schools of Guangzhou Municipality, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - P Li
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Yue
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - D Tang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - C Lu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - W-H Zhang
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research Centre, School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussel, Belgium
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Xu K, He L, Mai J. Characteristic of surface myoelectric signals on maximum isometric voluntary contraction of wrist flexors and extensors in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.1240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Shen H, Xu R, Mai J, Huang Y, Ferrari M. Abstract P6-13-02: Overcoming therapy resistance of metastatic breast cancer by enhanced tumor delivery of polymeric doxorubicin. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p6-13-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancers are treated with chemotherapy drugs in clinic. However, patients usually develop therapy resistance quickly due to intrinsic and acquired mechanisms. Poor drug delivery to tumor cells may also contribute to therapy resistance. To address both biological and mass transport barriers to effective therapy, we developed a new doxorubicin-based formulation, polymeric doxorubicin (pDox), to be delivered using a porous silicon drug carrier, the multistage vector (MSV). We show the novel, rationally designed MSV/pDox drug enriches in tumor tissues and has considerable therapeutic efficacy in two animal models of triple negative breast cancer lung metastasis, conferring a significant survival advantage to animals treated with MSV/pDox over all other control groups (80% survival for the MSV/pDox group at 24 weeks post treatment vs. 0% survival for all others, log-rank test, p < 0.001). Mechanistically, pDox is released from the MSV as nanoparticles by controlled, sustained kinetics, and enters tumor cells by vesicular transport. The active doxorubicin is released in the acidic environment in lysosomes, exits vesicles in the perinuclear region, and enters the nucleus for drug action. This effective mass transport mechanism kills both the bulk and therapy resistant cells, but avoids cardiac damage. As a result, this new nanodrug has a significantly higher therapeutic window over doxorubicin and Doxil.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-13-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shen
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX
| | - R Xu
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX
| | - J Mai
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX
| | - Y Huang
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX
| | - M Ferrari
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX
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Qin YF, Zhao JM, Bao ZX, Zhu ZY, Mai J, Huang YB, Li JB, Chen G, Lu P, Chen SJ, Su LL, Fang HM, Lu JK, Zhang YZ, Zhang ST. Identification of small non-coding RNAs in the planarian Dugesia japonica via deep sequencing. Genomics 2012; 99:315-21. [PMID: 22425900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater planarian flatworm possesses an extraordinary ability to regenerate lost body parts after amputation; it is perfect organism model in regeneration and stem cell biology. Recently, small RNAs have been an increasing concern and studied in many aspects, including regeneration and stem cell biology, among others. In the current study, the large-scale cloning and sequencing of sRNAs from the intact and regenerative planarian Dugesia japonica are reported. Sequence analysis shows that sRNAs between 18nt and 40nt are mainly microRNAs and piRNAs. In addition, 209 conserved miRNAs and 12 novel miRNAs are identified. Especially, a better screening target method, negative-correlation relationship of miRNAs and mRNA, is adopted to improve target prediction accuracy. Similar to miRNAs, a diverse population of piRNAs and changes in the two samples are also listed. The present study is the first to report on the important role of sRNAs during planarian Dugesia japonica regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fei Qin
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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Qin YF, Fang HM, Tian QN, Bao ZX, Lu P, Zhao JM, Mai J, Zhu ZY, Shu LL, Zhao L, Chen SJ, Liang F, Zhang YZ, Zhang ST. Transcriptome profiling and digital gene expression by deep-sequencing in normal/regenerative tissues of planarian Dugesia japonica. Genomics 2011; 97:364-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2011.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Huff W, Mai J, Kuhn J, Lenartz D, Klosterkoetter J, Sturm V. Response to Dr. Mavridis' and Dr. Anagnostopoulos' letter. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2010; 113:258-9. [PMID: 21163570 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2010.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between internet addiction and self-injurious behaviour (SIB) in adolescence. METHODS Population-based cross-sectional survey of 1618 high school students aged 13-18 years in Guangzhou city, Guangdong Province, PR China. Deliberate SIB was measured using self-reported questionnaire; internet addiction was assessed using the Internet Addiction Test (IAT). RESULTS 263 (16.3%) participants reported having committed some form of SIB in the past 6 months. 73 (4.5%) had committed SIB 6 times or more, and 157 (9.7%) 1-5 times. The majority of respondents were classified as normal users of the internet (n = 1392, 89.2%), with 158 (10.2%) moderately and 10 (0.6%) severely addicted to the internet. After adjusting for potential confounders, the odds ratio for SIB was 2.0 (95% CI 1.1 to 3.7) for those who were classified as moderately and severely addicted to the internet when compared to the normal group. CONCLUSIONS SIB is common in adolescence in the study population in China. Addiction to the internet is detrimental to mental health and increases the risk of self-injury among adolescents. Clinicians need to be aware of potential co-morbidities of other addictions among adolescent self-injured patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T Lam
- Discipline of Paediatric and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Australia.
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Yin Y, Yan Y, Jiang X, Mai J, Chen NC, Wang H, Yang XF. Inflammasomes are differentially expressed in cardiovascular and other tissues. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2009; 22:311-22. [PMID: 19505385 DOI: 10.1177/039463200902200208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the expression of components in Toll-like receptors (TLRs)/Nod-like receptors (NLRs)/inflammasome/caspase-1/interleukin (IL-1)-beta pathway, we examined the expression profiles of those genes by analyzing the data from expression sequence tag cDNA cloning and sequencing. We made several important findings: firstly, among 11 tissues examined, vascular tissues and heart express fewer types of TLRs and NLRs than immune and defense tissues including blood, lymph nodes, thymus and trachea; secondly, brain, lymph nodes and thymus do not express proinflammatory cytokines IL-1beta and IL-18 constitutively, suggesting that these two cytokines need to be upregulated in the tissues; and thirdly, based on the expression data of three characterized inflammasomes (NALP1, NALP3 and IPAF inflammasome), the examined tissues can be classified into three tiers: the first tier tissues including brain, placenta, blood and thymus express inflammasome(s) in constitutive status; the second tier tissues have inflammasome(s) in nearly-ready expression status (with the requirement of upregulation of one component); the third tier tissues, like heart and bone marrow, require upregulation of at least two components in order to assemble functional inflammasomes. Our original model of three-tier expression of inflammasomes would suggest a new concept of tissue inflammation privilege, and provides an insight to the differences among tissues in initiating acute inflammation in response to stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yin
- Department of Pharmacology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Mai
- Universitätslaboratorium, Heidelberg
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Mai
- Universitätslaboratorium, Heidelberg
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Mai
- Anorganisch‐chemisches Laboratorium der Universität, Bern
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Kermer P, Krajewska M, Zapata JM, Takayama S, Mai J, Krajewski S, Reed JC. Bag1 is a regulator and marker of neuronal differentiation. Cell Death Differ 2002; 9:405-13. [PMID: 11965493 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2001] [Accepted: 10/10/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Bag 1 acts as a co-chaperone for Hsp70/Hsc70. We report here that stable over-expression of Bag1 in immortalized neuronal CSM14.1 cells prevents death following serum deprivation. Bag1 over-expression slowed the proliferative rate of CSM14.1 cells, resulted in increased levels of phospo-MAP kinases and accelerated neuronal differentiation. Immunocytochemistry revealed mostly nuclear localization of Bag1 protein in these cells. However, during differentiation in vitro, Bag1 protein shifted from predominantly nuclear to mostly cytosolic in CSM14.1 cells. To explore in vivo parallels of these findings, we investigated Bag1 expression in the developing mouse nervous system using immunohistochemical methods. Early in brain development, Bag1 was found in nuclei of neuronal precursor cells, whereas cytosolic Bag1 staining was observed mainly after completion of neuronal precursor migration and differentiation. Taken together, these findings raise the possibility that the Bag1 protein is expressed early in neurogenesis in vivo and is capable of modulating neuronal cell survival and differentiation at least in part from a nuclear location.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kermer
- The Burnham Institute, Program on Apoptosis and Cell Death Research, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, CA 92037, USA
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Mai J, Erickson B, Rownd J, Gillin M. Comparision of four different dose specification methods for high-dose-rate intracavitary radiation for treatment of cervical cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001; 51:1131-41. [PMID: 11704338 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(01)01771-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the dose delivered to target tissues and dose-limiting structures as defined by specific dose points with high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy using tandem and ring or tandem and ovoids applicators, and to provide a reasonable approach to dose optimization. METHODS AND MATERIALS Dosimetry was obtained using four different dose specifications: (1) 100% of the dose prescribed in a tapered fashion along the tandem and 140% at the ovoid/ring surface, (2) 100% of the dose prescribed along the tandem and 100% at the ovoid/ring surface, (3) 100% of the dose prescribed to point A without any additional applicator specification points, and (4) nonoptimized plan using relative dwell weighting to simulate classic Fletcher low-dose-rate (LDR) loading with the dose specified at point A. Point doses were recorded at A, B, and T (cervical tumor point), ICRU rectum, and ovoid/ring surface. RESULTS For the tandem and ovoids applicators, significant differences were found among the four different dose specification methods for point T and vaginal mucosal doses. When the dose was optimized to point A alone, the ovoid dwell weights were reduced, resulting in higher point T doses and underdosing of the vaginal mucosa. Fixed weighting based on Fletcher LDR loading specifications resulted in higher vaginal mucosa doses. For the tandem and ring applicators, significant differences were observed for vaginal mucosal doses and the ICRU rectal dose. Optimization to point A alone resulted in widely varying dosimetric distributions and vaginal mucosa doses up to 632% of the prescription dose. With nonoptimized fixed weighting, the vaginal wall dose and ICRU rectal dose were increased. CONCLUSION Prescribing to dose optimization points in a tapered fashion along the tandem and at the ovoid/ring surface results in a pear-shaped dose distribution resembling classic LDR systems. The other dose specification methods may result in underdosing of important target tissues or overdosing of adjacent dose-limiting structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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Luo R, Mai J, Chen Q, Yang S, Zhong J. [Evaluation of sensorineural hearing loss in childhood]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi 2001; 36:346-51. [PMID: 12761942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical and audiological characteristics of sensorineural hearing loss (SHL) with pathological changes both in cochlea and retrocochlear in children and evaluate the relationship between SHL and the lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). METHODS Three hundred and ten cases (500 ears) of SHL accepted between 1998 and 2000 were studied. The age of patients was ranged from 1 month to 6 years old. According to the evaluation of function of CNS by pediatric neurologist, all cases were divided into two groups: SHL with CNS disease and SHL without CNS disease. Some same age children without hearing loss were subjected as control group. All children were tested using both auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). RESULTS 1. The rate of SHL accompanied with CNS diseases was very high in these children. 2. Patients with kernicterus-cerebral palsy usually had serious hearing loss caused by acoustic nerve lesion at retrocochlear, but their cochlea function was injured slightly. Patients with external hydrocephalus had only slight acoustic nerve lesion at retrocochlear, and patients with other CNS diseases usually had no change for their cochlea function. 3. In the group of SHL caused by cochlea lesion, amplitudes of DPOAE decreased obviously when the threshold of wave V of ABR was up to 60 dB nHL, and amplitudes of DPOAE seriously decreased or disappeared when the threshold of wave V was up to above 70 dB nHL. CONCLUSION The patients with SHL are usually accompanied with CNS diseases in childhood, and their hearing loss appears very difference from audiological characteristics. We suggest that it is necessary to test both ABR and DPOAE in these patients, and it is important that pediatric neurologist join in audiologist team for our clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Luo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangzhou Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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Mai J, Sokolov IM, Blumen A. Directed particle diffusion under "burnt bridges" conditions. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 64:011102. [PMID: 11461220 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.011102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We study random walks on a one-dimensional lattice that contains weak connections, so-called "bridges." Each time the walker crosses the bridge from the left or attempts to cross it from the right, the bridge may be destroyed with probability p; this restricts the particle's motion and directs it. Our model, which incorporates asymmetric aspects in an otherwise symmetric hopping mechanism, is very akin to "Brownian ratchets" and to front propagation in autocatalytic A+B-->2A reactions. The analysis of the model and Monte Carlo simulations show that for large p the velocity of the directed motion is extremely sensitive to the distribution of bridges, whereas for small p the velocity can be understood based on a mean-field analysis. The single-particle model advanced by us here allows an almost quantitative understanding of the front's position in the A+B-->2A many-particle reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mai
- Theoretische Polymerphysik, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Liu X, Mai J, Rao X, Gao X. [Dietary intake of antioxidant vitamins and personal demographic characteristics of Guangdong residents]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2001; 30:107-10. [PMID: 11321943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The study aim at revealing the associations between the intake of dietary antioxidant vitamins and personal characteristics on age, sex, education, working status and household gross income etc. The intake of antioxidant vitamins in a population of Guangdong Province was studied. A total of 418 males and 503 females, aged 25-84 year were interviewed, and questionnaires on socio-demography and on a 12-month food intake frequency (FFQ) were completed in 1995. The daily average intake of antioxidant vitamins and energy was higher in male than in female. Older subjects consumed lesser antioxidant vitamins. The vitamin E intake of higher education persons as well as high family income females (> 15001RMB) was higher. Individual business owners and farmers consumed lesser antioxidant vitamins than the other counterparts. The highest vitamin E intake was found in the currently unemployed men and retired women. BMI was positively associated with the intake of antioxidant vitamins excepted for the obesity group. The result suggests that the consumption of antioxidant vitamins varies with characteristics of socio-demographic status. Health promotion programs, such as suggestions on eating more fruits and vegetables should be targeted at the elderly, the less educated, lower income families and rural community.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510100, China
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Moin K, Demchik L, Mai J, Duessing J, Peters C, Sloane BF. Observing proteases in living cells. Cellular Peptidases in Immune Functions and Diseases 2 2001; 477:391-401. [PMID: 10849765 DOI: 10.1007/0-306-46826-3_40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin B has been implicated in tumor progression and metastasis in part due to its altered trafficking. In order to analyze the trafficking of cathepsin B in living cells, we utilized enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) fused to various cathepsin B constructs for transfecting two cell lines: an invasive human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (BT20) and a cathepsin B deficient mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line (MEF T -/-). The cells were transiently transfected with four cathepsin B-EGFP fusion constructs: full-length preprocathepsin B-EGFP, cathepsin B preregion-EGFP, cathepsin B prepro region-EGFP, and cathepsin B prepro region-EGFP with a mutation of the glycosylation site in the pro region. The full length construct showed vesicular distribution throughout the cells in both cell lines. In both BT20 and MEF T -/- cells, preregion-EGFP was localized in a ring tightly associated with the cell nucleus, suggesting distribution to the endoplasmic reticulum. The distribution of the prepro region-EGFP construct was similar except that it also included some patchy areas adjacent to the nucleus. This suggested that the cathepsin B prepro region-EGFP might have entered the Golgi. Distribution of the mutated cathepsin B prepro region-EGFP was similar to that of wild-type prepro region-EGFP in the MEF T -/-. In the invasive BT20 cells, however, the mutated prepro region-EGFP showed a vesicular distribution throughout the cytoplasm and in cell processes. This distribution is similar to that of endogenous cathepsin B in these cells. Our results suggest that: 1) tumor cells have an alternative mechanism for trafficking of cathepsin B which is independent of the mannose-6-phosphate receptor pathway, and 2) the pro region of cathepsin B may contain the sorting sequence necessary for its trafficking via this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Moin
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
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Robbins P, Mi Z, Lu X, Mai J, Ghivizanni S, Evans C, Oligino T. Arthritis Res 2001; 3:P22. [DOI: 10.1186/ar348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mai J, Robbins PD. Targeting gene therapy for transplantation with venom. Transplantation 2000; 70:1553-4. [PMID: 11152214 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-200012150-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Mai
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15261, USA
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Abstract
Long-term follow-up (>10 years) after vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) is almost nonexistent. The aim of this study was to determine long-term outcome after VBG in a group of 71 patients studied prospectively. Seventy-one consecutive patients with morbid obesity (54 women and 17 men; mean age 40 years [range 22 to 71 years]) underwent VBG from 1985 to 1989 and were followed prospectively. Follow-up was obtained in 70 (99%) of the 71 patients. Weight (mean +/- standard error of the mean) preoperatively was 138 +/- 3 kg and decreased to 108 +/- 2 kg 10 or more years postoperatively. Body mass index decreased from 49 +/-1 to 39 +/- 1. Only 14 (20%) of 70 patients lost and maintained the loss of at least half of their excess body weight with the VBG anatomy. Vomiting one or more times per week continues to occur in 21% and heartburn in 16%. Fourteen patients have undergone conversion from VBG to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (11 patients) or other procedures (3 patients) because of a combination of inadequate weight loss in 13 patients, gastroesophageal reflux in five, and frequent vomiting in four. Only 26% of patients after VBG have maintained a weight loss of at least 50% of their excess body weight; 17% underwent bariatric reoperation with good results. Thus VBG is not an effective, durable bariatric operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Balsiger
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. 55905, USA
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