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Shah ET, Molloy C, Gough M, Kryza T, Samuel SG, Tucker A, Bhatia M, Ferguson G, Heyman R, Vora S, Monkman J, Bolderson E, Kulasinghe A, He Y, Gabrielli B, Hooper JD, Richard DJ, O'Byrne KJ, Adams MN. Inhibition of Aurora B kinase (AURKB) enhances the effectiveness of 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy against colorectal cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:1196-1205. [PMID: 38287178 PMCID: PMC10991355 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02584-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) remains a core component of systemic therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, response rates remain low, and development of therapy resistance is a primary issue. Combinatorial strategies employing a second agent to augment the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy is predicted to reduce the incidence of treatment resistance and increase the durability of response to therapy. METHODS Here, we employed quantitative proteomics approaches to identify novel druggable proteins and molecular pathways that are deregulated in response to 5-FU, which might serve as targets to improve sensitivity to chemotherapy. Drug combinations were evaluated using 2D and 3D CRC cell line models and an ex vivo culture model of a patient-derived tumour. RESULTS Quantitative proteomics identified upregulation of the mitosis-associated protein Aurora B (AURKB), within a network of upregulated proteins, in response to a 24 h 5-FU treatment. In CRC cell lines, AURKB inhibition with the dihydrogen phosphate prodrug AZD1152, markedly improved the potency of 5-FU in 2D and 3D in vitro CRC models. Sequential treatment with 5-FU then AZD1152 also enhanced the response of a patient-derived CRC cells to 5-FU in ex vivo cultures. CONCLUSIONS AURKB inhibition may be a rational approach to augment the effectiveness of 5-FU chemotherapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esha T Shah
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Christopher Molloy
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Madeline Gough
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Thomas Kryza
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Selwin G Samuel
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Amos Tucker
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Maneet Bhatia
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Genevieve Ferguson
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Rebecca Heyman
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Shivam Vora
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - James Monkman
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Emma Bolderson
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Arutha Kulasinghe
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Brian Gabrielli
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Derek J Richard
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Kenneth J O'Byrne
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Cancer Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Mark N Adams
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.
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Zammit AP, Brown I, Hooper JD, Clark DA, Riddell AD. Estimation of risk posed by malignant polyps amongst colorectal surgeons in Australia and New Zealand. Ann Coloproctol 2024:ac.2023.00178.0025. [PMID: 38523290 DOI: 10.3393/ac.2023.00178.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The estimation of the risk posed by malignant polyps for residual or lymphatic disease plays a central role. This study investigated colorectal surgeons' assessment of these risks associated with malignant polyps. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire was electronically administered to colorectal surgeons in Australia and New Zealand in October 2022. The questionnaire contained 17 questions on demographics, when surgeons consider colorectal resection appropriate, and the risk assessment for 5 hypothetical malignant polyps. Results The mean risk of residual or lymphatic disease that would prompt surgeons to recommend colonic resection was 5%. However, this increased to a mean risk of 10% if the malignant polyp was located in the rectum, and the only resection option was abdominoperineal resection with end-colostomy. There was high concordance between the estimated risk of residual or lymphatic disease by colorectal surgeons and the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland (ACPGBI) guidelines for the 5 hypothetical malignant polyps, with the ACPGBI estimated risk lying within the 95% confidence interval for 4 of the 5 malignant polyps. Nonetheless, 96.6% of surgeons felt that an online risk calculator would improve clinical practice. Conclusion Colorectal surgeons in Australia and New Zealand accurately estimated the risk posed by malignant polyps. An online risk calculator may assist in better conveying risk to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Zammit
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ian Brown
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Envoi Specialist Pathologists, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David A Clark
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew D Riddell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia
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Harrington BS, Kamdar R, Ning F, Korrapati S, Caminear MW, Hernandez LF, Butcher D, Edmondson EF, Traficante N, Hendley J, Gough M, Rogers R, Lourie R, Shetty J, Tran B, Elloumi F, Abdelmaksoud A, Nag ML, Mazan-Mamczarz K, House CD, Hooper JD, Annunziata CM. UGDH promotes tumor-initiating cells and a fibroinflammatory tumor microenvironment in ovarian cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:270. [PMID: 37858159 PMCID: PMC10585874 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02820-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a global health burden, with the poorest five-year survival rate of the gynecological malignancies due to diagnosis at advanced stage and high recurrence rate. Recurrence in EOC is driven by the survival of chemoresistant, stem-like tumor-initiating cells (TICs) that are supported by a complex extracellular matrix and immunosuppressive microenvironment. To target TICs to prevent recurrence, we identified genes critical for TIC viability from a whole genome siRNA screen. A top hit was the cancer-associated, proteoglycan subunit synthesis enzyme UDP-glucose dehydrogenase (UGDH). METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to characterize UGDH expression in histological and molecular subtypes of EOC. EOC cell lines were subtyped according to the molecular subtypes and the functional effects of modulating UGDH expression in vitro and in vivo in C1/Mesenchymal and C4/Differentiated subtype cell lines was examined. RESULTS High UGDH expression was observed in high-grade serous ovarian cancers and a distinctive survival prognostic for UGDH expression was revealed when serous cancers were stratified by molecular subtype. High UGDH was associated with a poor prognosis in the C1/Mesenchymal subtype and low UGDH was associated with poor prognosis in the C4/Differentiated subtype. Knockdown of UGDH in the C1/mesenchymal molecular subtype reduced spheroid formation and viability and reduced the CD133 + /ALDH high TIC population. Conversely, overexpression of UGDH in the C4/Differentiated subtype reduced the TIC population. In co-culture models, UGDH expression in spheroids affected the gene expression of mesothelial cells causing changes to matrix remodeling proteins, and fibroblast collagen production. Inflammatory cytokine expression of spheroids was altered by UGDH expression. The effect of UGDH knockdown or overexpression in the C1/ Mesenchymal and C4/Differentiated subtypes respectively was tested on mouse intrabursal xenografts and showed dynamic changes to the tumor stroma. Knockdown of UGDH improved survival and reduced tumor burden in C1/Mesenchymal compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS These data show that modulation of UGDH expression in ovarian cancer reveals distinct roles for UGDH in the C1/Mesenchymal and C4/Differentiated molecular subtypes of EOC, influencing the tumor microenvironmental composition. UGDH is a strong potential therapeutic target in TICs, for the treatment of EOC, particularly in patients with the mesenchymal molecular subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney S Harrington
- Women's Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Rahul Kamdar
- Women's Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Franklin Ning
- Women's Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Soumya Korrapati
- Women's Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michael W Caminear
- Women's Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lidia F Hernandez
- Women's Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Donna Butcher
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Elijah F Edmondson
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Nadia Traficante
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joy Hendley
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Madeline Gough
- Mater Brisbane Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, 4101, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Rebecca Rogers
- Mater Brisbane Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, 4101, Australia
| | - Rohan Lourie
- Mater Brisbane Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, 4101, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Jyoti Shetty
- CCR Sequencing Facility, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
| | - Bao Tran
- CCR Sequencing Facility, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
| | - Fathi Elloumi
- Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Abdalla Abdelmaksoud
- Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Madhu Lal Nag
- Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Krystyna Mazan-Mamczarz
- Functional Genomics Lab, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Carrie D House
- Women's Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Present address: Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Christina M Annunziata
- Women's Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Gough M, Liu C, Srinivasan B, Wilkinson L, Dunk L, Yang Y, Schreiber V, Tuffaha H, Kryza T, Hooper JD, Lakhani SR, Snell CE. Improved concordance of challenging human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 dual in-situ hybridisation cases with the use of a digital image analysis algorithm in breast cancer. Histopathology 2023; 83:647-656. [PMID: 37366040 DOI: 10.1111/his.15000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Accurate assessment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression by HER2 immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridisation (ISH) is critical for the management of patients with breast cancer. The revised 2018 ASCO/CAP guidelines define 5 groups based on HER2 expression and copy number. Manual pathologist quantification by light microscopy of equivocal and less common HER2 ISH groups (groups 2-4) can be challenging, and there are no data on interobserver variability in reporting of these cases. We sought to determine whether a digital algorithm could improve interobserver variability in the assessment of difficult HER2 ISH cases. METHODS AND RESULTS HER2 ISH was evaluated in a cohort enriched for less common HER2 patterns using standard light microscopy versus analysis of whole slide images using the Roche uPath HER2 dual ISH image analysis algorithm. Standard microscopy demonstrated significant interobserver variability with a Fleiss's kappa value of 0.471 (fair-moderate agreement) improving to 0.666 (moderate-good) with the use of the algorithm. For HER2 group designation (groups 1-5), there was poor-moderate reliability between pathologists by microscopy [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.526], improving to moderate-good agreement (ICC = 0.763) with the use of the algorithm. In subgroup analysis, the algorithm improved concordance particularly in groups 2, 4 and 5. Time to enumerate cases was also significantly reduced. CONCLUSION This work demonstrates the potential of a digital image analysis algorithm to improve the concordance of pathologist HER2 amplification status reporting in less common HER2 groups. This has the potential to improve therapy selection and outcomes for patients with HER2-low and borderline HER2-amplified breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Gough
- Mater Pathology, Duncombe Building, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Cheng Liu
- Mater Pathology, Duncombe Building, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Bhuvana Srinivasan
- Mater Pathology, Duncombe Building, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lisa Wilkinson
- Mater Pathology, Duncombe Building, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Louisa Dunk
- Mater Pathology, Duncombe Building, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yuanhao Yang
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Veronika Schreiber
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Haitham Tuffaha
- Centre for the Business and Economics of Health, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Thomas Kryza
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
- Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane Women's Hospital, Herston, Australia
| | - Cameron E Snell
- Mater Pathology, Duncombe Building, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
- Anatomical Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
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5
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McGuckin MA, Davies JM, Felgner P, Wong KY, Giri R, He Y, Moniruzzaman M, Kryza T, Sajiir H, Hooper JD, Florin TH, Begun J, Oussalah A, Hasnain SZ, Hensel M, Sheng YH. MUC13 Cell Surface Mucin Limits Salmonella Typhimurium Infection by Protecting the Mucosal Epithelial Barrier. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:985-1009. [PMID: 37660948 PMCID: PMC10630632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS MUC13 cell surface mucin is highly expressed on the mucosal surface throughout the intestine, yet its role against bacterial infection is unknown. We investigated how MUC13 impacts Salmonella typhimurium (S Tm) infection and elucidated its mechanisms of action. METHODS Muc13-/- and wild-type littermate mice were gavaged with 2 isogenic strains of S Tm after pre-conditioning with streptomycin. We assessed clinical parameters, cecal histology, local and systemic bacterial load, and proinflammatory cytokines after infection. Cecal enteroids and epithelial cell lines were used to evaluate the mechanism of MUC13 activity after infection. The interaction between bacterial SiiE and MUC13 was assessed by using siiE-deficient Salmonella. RESULTS S Tm-infected Muc13-/- mice had increased disease activity, histologic damage, and higher local and systemic bacterial loads. Mechanistically, we found that S Tm binds to MUC13 through its giant SiiE adhesin and that MUC13 acts as a pathogen-binding decoy shed from the epithelial cell surface after pathogen engagement, limiting bacterial invasion. In addition, MUC13 reduces epithelial cell death and intestinal barrier breakdown by enhancing nuclear factor kappa B signaling during infection, independent of its decoy function. CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that MUC13 plays a critical role in antimicrobial defense against pathogenic S Tm at the intestinal mucosal surface by both acting as a releasable decoy limiting bacterial invasion and reducing pathogen-induced cell death. This further implicates the cell surface mucin family in mucosal defense from bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A McGuckin
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Julie M Davies
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pascal Felgner
- CellNanOs, Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics, Osnabrueck, Germany; Division Microbiology, Universitaet Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Kuan Yau Wong
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rabina Giri
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yaowu He
- Cancer Biology Group, Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Md Moniruzzaman
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia; School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thomas Kryza
- Cancer Biology Group, Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Haressh Sajiir
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Cancer Biology Group, Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Timothy H Florin
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jakob Begun
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Abderrahim Oussalah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France; University of Lorraine, INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, Nancy, France; Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (ORPHA67872), University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Sumaira Z Hasnain
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael Hensel
- CellNanOs, Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics, Osnabrueck, Germany; Division Microbiology, Universitaet Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Yong H Sheng
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia; Laboratory of B-Lymphocytes in Autoimmunity and Malignancies, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
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Raninga PV, He Y, Datta KK, Lu X, Maheshwari UR, Venkat P, Mayoh C, Gowda H, Kalimutho M, Hooper JD, Khanna KK. Combined thioredoxin reductase and glutaminase inhibition exerts synergistic anti-tumor activity in MYC-high high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Mol Ther 2023; 31:729-743. [PMID: 36560881 PMCID: PMC10014232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 50%-55% of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) patients have MYC oncogenic pathway activation. Because MYC is not directly targetable, we have analyzed molecular pathways enriched in MYC-high HGSOC tumors to identify potential therapeutic targets. Here, we report that MYC-high HGSOC tumors show enrichment in genes controlled by NRF2, an antioxidant signaling pathway, along with increased thioredoxin redox activity. Treatment of MYC-high HGSOC tumors cells with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) inhibitor auranofin resulted in significant growth suppression and apoptosis in MYC-high HGSOC cells in vitro and also significantly reduced tumor growth in an MYC-high HGSOC patient-derived tumor xenograft. We found that auranofin treatment inhibited glycolysis in MYC-high cells via oxidation-induced GAPDH inhibition. Interestingly, in response to auranofin-induced glycolysis inhibition, MYC-high HGSOC cells switched to glutamine metabolism for survival. Depletion of glutamine with either glutamine starvation or glutaminase (GLS1) inhibitor CB-839 exerted synergistic anti-tumor activity with auranofin in HGSOC cells and OVCAR-8 cell line xenograft. These findings suggest that applying a combined therapy of GLS1 inhibitor and TrxR1 inhibitor could effectively treat MYC-high HGSOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prahlad V Raninga
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Keshava K Datta
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Platform, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Xue Lu
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Uma R Maheshwari
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Pooja Venkat
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - Harsha Gowda
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Murugan Kalimutho
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Kum Kum Khanna
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
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Zammit AP, Brown I, Hooper JD, Clark DA, Riddell AD. Timing of surveillance colonoscopy following malignant colorectal polypectomy in Queensland. ANZ J Surg 2023; 93:606-611. [PMID: 36189980 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The management of malignant polyps presents a treatment challenge between a colorectal resection and polypectomy alone. Patients managed with polypectomy alone typically undergo surveillance for recurrent or metastatic disease, however, optimal timing of surveillance methods remains unclear. Guidelines recommend for completely resected malignant polyps, that a surveillance colonoscopy be perform 12 months from diagnosis. This study sought to clarify how patients with a malignant polyp were being colonoscopically surveilled if they did not undergo colorectal resection. METHODS A retrospective, population-wide cohort analysis of all patients from 2011 to 2019 was performed using data from the Queensland Oncology Repository. Patient, procedural and pathological data were extracted for all patients diagnosed with a malignant polyp and timing of the first surveillance endoscopy was calculated. Statistical analysis comparing the timing of surveillance colonoscopy across multiple patients, procedural and histological characteristics were assessed. RESULTS A total of 1646 patients were identified with a malignant polyp, with 797 patients managed with polypectomy and surveillance alone. The median time to surveillance endoscopy was 182 days with the mean 220.01 days. This was substantially sooner than the recommended clinical guidelines of 365 days. There were no patient or procedural characteristics which predicted a difference in the timing of surveillance colonoscopy. No pathological factors appeared to change the timing for surveillance endoscopy (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Overall, patients had surveillance endoscopy procedures substantially earlier than guideline recommendations. However, evidence underlying these guidelines and other surveillance methods for malignant polyps are not strong. Future technological developments, including improvements in imaging techniques, may provide additional options for surveillance of malignant polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Zammit
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ian Brown
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Envoi Specialist Pathologists, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David A Clark
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Private Hospital Northside, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew D Riddell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia
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Zammit AP, Brown I, Hooper JD, Clark DA, Riddell AD. Missing parameters in malignant polyp histology reports: can appropriate decisions be made? Pathology 2023; 55:58-63. [PMID: 36109194 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of colorectal malignant polyps is dependent upon quality reporting of the histopathological features known to predict the risk of residual disease or lymph node metastasis. The Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia (RCPA) has produced protocols covering mandatory and recommended pathological parameters to be included in the pathology reporting of malignant polyps. This paper aimed to assess the quality of the pathological reporting in a population-wide analysis from 2011-2019 in Queensland, Australia. A retrospective population-wide cohort study was performed using the Queensland Oncology Repository as a data source. The number of missing pathological parameters (assessed against the RCPA protocol standards and guidelines) for each patient was then summed. Demographic and other patient details were collated. The number of patients whose recommended treatment could theoretically be altered by the full reporting of missing parameters was calculated. A total of 1,646 histopathological reports of malignant polyps were reviewed. From this, 30.8% of all reports had a sufficient number of missing parameters that may have seen an alternate management strategy chosen. The most commonly under-reported parameter from the standards was either a Haggitt or Kikuchi level with 48.6% missing. Synoptic reporting significantly reduced the mean number of missing pathological parameters (p<0.001) There was a significant improvement in the number of missing pathological details over time (p<0.001). Accurate and complete pathology reports are essential to formulate appropriate surgical recommendations after the resection of malignant polyps. In this population-based study, pathology reports remain incomplete for the established parameters despite the introduction of an RCPA structured reporting protocol. Fortunately, the quality of pathological reporting has improved since the introduction of the first RCPA protocol covering reporting of malignant polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Zammit
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
| | - Ian Brown
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia; Envoi Specialist Pathologists, Brisbane, Qld, Australia; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - David A Clark
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia; Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Private Hospital Northside, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Andrew D Riddell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia; Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, Qld, Australia
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9
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Zammit AP, Hooper JD, Brown I, Clark DA, Riddell AD. In comparison with polypectomy, colorectal resection is associated with improved survival for patients diagnosed with malignant polyps. Colorectal Dis 2023; 25:261-271. [PMID: 36222394 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Patients diagnosed with a malignant polyp generally have favourable overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). However, it is unclear how choice in management for malignant polyps may affect survival. METHODS Data from the Queensland Oncology Repository was analysed to derive a population wide assessment of the impact of management strategy on OS and CSS for patients diagnosed with malignant polyps. Log-rank testing, Kaplan-Meier and Cox-regression models were performed. Patients were matched using propensity score and Mahalanobis distance matching. RESULTS A total of 1,646 patients were included with 240 deaths and 52 colorectal cancer related deaths until censor date. Following propensity score and Mahalanobis distance matching of patients undergoing polypectomy alone versus colorectal resection, there was no significant difference in the age groups (<60 years of age or ≥60 years of age), American Society of Anesthesiology score, comorbidity count or Association of ColoProctology of Great Britain and Ireland risk category. However, of note Log-rank testing demonstrated a significant difference in OS (p < 0.001) and CSS (p = 0.0061) between management strategies. Multivariable Cox-regression models in matched and un-matched patient cohorts demonstrated significantly lower hazards of death for OS with resection (p < 0.001). However, CSS was no longer significantly different between management groups in multivariable Cox-regression analysis (p = 0.073). CONCLUSION Patients who underwent colorectal resection had significantly improved OS and CSS compared with polypectomy alone. Improved OS was furthermore seen on multivariable analysis, and in matched cohorts. Future research should investigate why this unexpected finding may be the case and whether updates to guidelines should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Zammit
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ian Brown
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Envoi Specialist Pathologists, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David A Clark
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Private Hospital Northside, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew D Riddell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia
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Zammit AP, Brown I, Hooper JD, Clark DA, Riddell AD. Malignant polyps in the COVID-19 era: a population-based analysis. ANZ J Surg 2023; 93:932-938. [PMID: 36692251 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant polyps represent the early development of colorectal adenocarcinoma. During 2020, there was widescale rationing of health-care resources in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular there was deferral of some colonoscopy procedures required for timely malignant polyp detection. This study sought to assess how these deferrals affected the diagnosis of malignant polyps. METHODS A population wide analysis was performed of 2079 malignant polyps, diagnosed in Queensland, Australia from 2011 to 2020. A regression analysis, with 95% prediction intervals, was produced to determine whether there was a significant impact on the number of malignant polyps diagnosed in 2020 compared to previous years. Univariate statistical analysis of patient, procedural, and pathological variables was also performed. RESULTS In 2020 there were 211 malignant polyps diagnosed, which was significantly lower than was predicted by the univariate regression analysis (r2 = 0.85, 95% prediction interval: 255.07-323.91, P < 0.001). These malignant polyps were less likely to be diagnosed in a private setting (P < 0.001), and exhibited significantly less depth of submucosal invasion (P = 0.017). There was no significant difference in the management strategy (polypectomy, resection or trans-anal resection) between 2011 and 2019 and 2020. CONCLUSION Because of the significant decrease in the number of malignant polyps, and the natural history of the disease, it is expected that there will be an increase in more advanced colorectal adenocarcinomas presenting in 2021 and beyond. This has implications for healthcare resources, particularly in light of the ongoing strain on health departments as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Zammit
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ian Brown
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Envoi Specialist Pathologists, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Surgical and Perioperitive Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David A Clark
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Surgical and Perioperitive Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Private Hospital Northside, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew D Riddell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia
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11
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Koistinen H, Kovanen RM, Hollenberg MD, Dufour A, Radisky ES, Stenman UH, Batra J, Clements J, Hooper JD, Diamandis E, Schilling O, Rannikko A, Mirtti T. The roles of proteases in prostate cancer. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:493-513. [PMID: 36598826 PMCID: PMC10159896 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Since the proposition of the pro-invasive activity of proteolytic enzymes over 70 years ago, several roles for proteases in cancer progression have been established. About half of the 473 active human proteases are expressed in the prostate and many of the most well-characterized members of this enzyme family are regulated by androgens, hormones essential for development of prostate cancer. Most notably, several kallikrein-related peptidases, including KLK3 (prostate-specific antigen, PSA), the most well-known prostate cancer marker, and type II transmembrane serine proteases, such as TMPRSS2 and matriptase, have been extensively studied and found to promote prostate cancer progression. Recent findings also suggest a critical role for proteases in the development of advanced and aggressive castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Perhaps the most intriguing evidence for this role comes from studies showing that the protease-activated transmembrane proteins, Notch and CDCP1, are associated with the development of CRPC. Here, we review the roles of proteases in prostate cancer, with a special focus on their regulation by androgens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannu Koistinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ruusu-Maaria Kovanen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology, HUS Diagnostic Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Morley D Hollenberg
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology and Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology and Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Evette S Radisky
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Ulf-Håkan Stenman
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Judith Clements
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Eleftherios Diamandis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antti Rannikko
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Urology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomas Mirtti
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology, HUS Diagnostic Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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12
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Zammit AP, Panahi SE, Brown I, Hooper JD, Clark DA, Riddell AD. Management of high and low risk malignant polyps: a population-wide analysis. Colorectal Dis 2023; 25:66-74. [PMID: 36088629 PMCID: PMC10087765 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM The management of malignant polyps is a treatment dilemma in selecting between polypectomy and colorectal resection. To assist clinicians, guidelines have been developed by the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland (ACPGBI) to provide treatment recommendations. METHODS This study compared management strategy based on the ACPGBI risk categorization for malignant polyps. Univariable and multivariable statistical analysis was undertaken to assess the factors predicting management strategy. A population-wide analysis was performed of 1646 malignant polyps and the factors that predicted their management strategy, from Queensland, Australia, from 2011 to 2019. RESULTS Overall, 31.55% of patients with very low or low risk disease proceeded to resection. Of those with high or very high risk disease, 36.69% did not proceed to resection. In very low and low risk polyps, age (P = 0.003) and polyp location (P < 0.001) were significantly different between the colorectal resection group and the polypectomy alone group. In those with very high or high risk polyps age (P < 0.001), type of facility (public or private) for the colonoscopy (P = 0.037), right colonic polyps compared to left colonic polyps (P = 0.015) and rectal polyps (P < 0.001) and mismatch repair mutations present (P = 0.027) were predictive of resection in high risk disease using a multivariable model. CONCLUSION Over 30% of patients with very low and low risk malignant polyps proceeded to resection, against the advice of guidelines. Furthermore, over 35% of patients with very high or high risk malignant polyps did not proceed to resection. Education strategies may improve management decision choices. Furthermore, improvements in data collation will improve the understanding of management choices in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Zammit
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Seyed E Panahi
- Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian Brown
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Envoi Specialist Pathologists, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David A Clark
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Private Hospital Northside, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew D Riddell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia
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13
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Khan T, Lyons NJ, Gough M, Kwah KKX, Cuda TJ, Snell CE, Tse BW, Sokolowski KA, Pearce LA, Adams TE, Rose SE, Puttick S, Pajic M, Adams MN, He Y, Hooper JD, Kryza T. CUB Domain-Containing Protein 1 (CDCP1) is a rational target for the development of imaging tracers and antibody-drug conjugates for cancer detection and therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:6915-6930. [PMID: 36276654 PMCID: PMC9576610 DOI: 10.7150/thno.78171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) is a targeted therapy consisting of a cytotoxic payload that is linked to an antibody which targets a protein enriched on malignant cells. Multiple ADCs are currently used clinically as anti-cancer agents significantly improving patient survival. Herein, we evaluated the rationale of targeting the cell surface oncoreceptor CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) using ADCs and assessed the efficacy of CDCP1-directed ADCs against a range of malignant tumors. Methods: CDCP1 mRNA expression was evaluated using large transcriptomic datasets of normal/tumor samples for 23 types of cancer and 15 other normal organs, and CDCP1 protein expression was examined in 34 normal tissues, >300 samples from six types of cancer, and in 49 cancer cell lines. A recombinant human/mouse chimeric anti-CDCP1 antibody (ch10D7) was labelled with 89Zirconium or monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) and tested in multiple pre-clinical cancer models including 36 cancer cell lines and three mouse xenograft models. Results: Analysis of CDCP1 expression indicates elevated CDCP1 expression in the majority of the cancers and restricted expression in normal human tissues. Antibody ch10D7 demonstrates a high affinity and specificity for CDCP1 inducing cell signalling via Src accompanied by rapid internalization of ch10D7/CDCP1 complexes in cancer cells.89Zirconium-labelled ch10D7 accumulates in CDCP1 expressing cells enabling detection of pancreatic cancer xenografts in mice by PET imaging. Cytotoxicity of MMAE-labelled ch10D7 against kidney, colorectal, lung, ovarian, pancreatic and prostate cancer cells in vitro, correlates with the level of CDCP1 on the plasma membrane. ch10D7-MMAE displays robust anti-tumor effects against mouse xenograft models of pancreatic, colorectal and ovarian cancer. Conclusion: CDCP1 directed imaging agents will be useful for selecting cancer patients for personalized treatment with cytotoxin-loaded CDCP1 targeting agents including antibody-drug conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tashbib Khan
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Lyons
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Madeline Gough
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Kayden K X Kwah
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Tahleesa J Cuda
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Cameron E Snell
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.,Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Brian W Tse
- Preclinical Imaging Facility, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Kamil A Sokolowski
- Preclinical Imaging Facility, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Lesley A Pearce
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Manufacturing, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy E Adams
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Manufacturing, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen E Rose
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Simon Puttick
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Marina Pajic
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark N Adams
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Thomas Kryza
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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14
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Pagel CN, Kularathna PK, Sanaei R, Young ND, Hooper JD, Mackie EJ. Protease-activated receptor-2 dependent and independent responses of bone cells to prostate cancer cell secretory products. Prostate 2022; 82:723-739. [PMID: 35167724 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic prostate cancer lesions in the skeleton are frequently characterized by excessive formation of bone. Prostate cancer cells secrete factors, including serine proteases, that are capable of influencing the behavior of surrounding cells. Some of these proteases activate protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2 ), which is expressed by osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) and precursors of osteoclasts (bone-resorbing cells). The aim of the current study was to investigate a possible role for PAR2 in regulating the behavior of bone cells exposed to metastatic prostate cancer cells. METHODS The effect of medium conditioned by the PC3, DU145, and MDA-PCa-2b prostate cancer cell lines was investigated in assays of bone cell function using cells isolated from wildtype and PAR2 -null mice. Osteoclast differentiation was assessed by counting tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleate cells in bone marrow cultured in osteoclastogenic medium. Osteoblasts were isolated from calvariae of neonatal mice, and BrdU incorporation was used to assess their proliferation. Assays of alkaline phosphatase activity and quantitative PCR analysis of osteoblastic gene expression were used to assess osteoblast differentiation. Responses of osteoblasts to medium conditioned by MDA-PCa-2b cells were analyzed by RNAseq. RESULTS Conditioned medium (CM) from all three cell lines inhibited osteoclast differentiation independently of PAR2 . Media from PC3 and DU145 cells had no effect on assays of osteoblast function. Medium conditioned by MDA-PCa-2b cells stimulated BrdU incorporation in both wildtype and PAR2 -null osteoblasts but increased alkaline phosphatase activity and Runx2 and Col1a1 expression in wildtype but not PAR2 -null cells. Functional enrichment analysis of RNAseq data identified enrichment of multiple gene ontology terms associated with lysosomal function in both wildtype and PAR2 -null cells in response to MDA-PCa-2b-CM. Analysis of individual genes identified osteogenesis-associated genes that were either upregulated by MDA-PCa-2b-CM selectively in wildtype cells or downregulated selectively in PAR2 -null cells. CONCLUSIONS Factors secreted by prostate cancer cells influence bone cell behavior through both PAR2 -dependent and -independent mechanisms. Both PAR2 -independent suppression of osteoclast differentiation and PAR2 -dependent stimulation of osteogenesis are likely to determine the nature of prostate cancer metastases in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles N Pagel
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pamu K Kularathna
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Reza Sanaei
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Neil D Young
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eleanor J Mackie
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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15
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He Y, Khan T, Kryza T, Jones ML, Goh JB, Lyons NJ, Pearce LA, Lee MD, Gough M, Rogers R, Davies CM, Gilks CB, Hodgkinson T, Lourie R, Barry SC, Perrin LC, Williams CC, Puttick S, Adams TE, Munro TP, Hooper JD, Chetty N. Preclinical Evaluation of a Fluorescent Probe Targeting Receptor CDCP1 for Identification of Ovarian Cancer. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3464-3474. [PMID: 34448393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Optimal cytoreduction for ovarian cancer is often challenging because of aggressive tumor biology and advanced stage. It is a critical issue since the extent of residual disease after surgery is the key predictor of ovarian cancer patient survival. For a limited number of cancers, fluorescence-guided surgery has emerged as an effective aid for tumor delineation and effective cytoreduction. The intravenously administered fluorescent agent, most commonly indocyanine green (ICG), accumulates preferentially in tumors, which are visualized under a fluorescent light source to aid surgery. Insufficient tumor specificity has limited the broad application of these agents in surgical oncology including for ovarian cancer. In this study, we developed a novel tumor-selective fluorescent agent by chemically linking ICG to mouse monoclonal antibody 10D7 that specifically recognizes an ovarian cancer-enriched cell surface receptor, CUB-domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1). 10D7ICG has high affinity for purified recombinant CDCP1 and CDCP1 that is located on the surface of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results show that intravenously administered 10D7ICG accumulates preferentially in ovarian cancer, permitting visualization of xenograft tumors in mice. The data suggest CDCP1 as a rational target for tumor-specific fluorescence-guided surgery for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Tashbib Khan
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Thomas Kryza
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Martina L Jones
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Justin B Goh
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Lyons
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | | | | | - Madeline Gough
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Rebecca Rogers
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.,Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Claire M Davies
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.,Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - C Blake Gilks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | | | - Rohan Lourie
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Sinead C Barry
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Lewis C Perrin
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Trent P Munro
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Naven Chetty
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
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16
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Khan T, Kryza T, Lyons NJ, He Y, Hooper JD. The CDCP1 Signaling Hub: A Target for Cancer Detection and Therapeutic Intervention. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2259-2269. [PMID: 33509939 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CUB-domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is upregulated in malignancies of the breast, lung, colorectum, ovary, kidney, liver, pancreas, and hematopoietic system. Here, we discuss CDCP1 as an important hub for oncogenic signaling and its key roles in malignant transformation and summarize approaches focused on exploiting it for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Elevated levels of CDCP1 are associated with progressive disease and markedly poorer survival. Predominantly located on the cell surface, CDCP1 lies at the nexus of key tumorigenic and metastatic signaling cascades, including the SRC/PKCδ, PI3K/AKT, WNT, and RAS/ERK axes, the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, and fatty acid oxidation, making important functional contributions to cancer cell survival and growth, metastasis, and treatment resistance. These findings have stimulated the development of agents that target CDCP1 for detection and treatment of a range of cancers, and results from preclinical models suggest that these approaches could be efficacious and have manageable toxicity profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tashbib Khan
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thomas Kryza
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Lyons
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
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17
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Jia L, Gao Y, He Y, Hooper JD, Yang P. HBV induced hepatocellular carcinoma and related potential immunotherapy. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104992. [PMID: 32505833 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic infection of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has long been recognized as a major risk factor in the initiation and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), contributing to over half the cases of HCC worldwide. Transformation of the liver with HBV infection to HCC mainly results from long-term interaction between HBV and the host hepatocytes via a variety of mechanisms, including HBV DNA integration, prolonged expression of the viral HBx regulatory protein and/or aberrant preS/S envelope proteins, and epigenetic dysregulation of tumor suppressor genes. While there have been several failures in the development of drugs for HCC, the immune-tolerant microenvironment of this malignancy suggests that immunotherapeutic agents could provide benefits for these patients. This is supported by recent data showing that immunotherapy has promising activity in patients with advanced HCC. In this review, we provide an overview of HBV-induced HCC and recent immune based approaches for the treatment of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Jia
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Pengyuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.
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18
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Cuda TJ, Riddell AD, Liu C, Whitehall VL, Borowsky J, Wyld DK, Burge ME, Ahern E, Griffin A, Lyons NJR, Rose SE, Clark DA, Stevenson ARL, Hooper JD, Puttick S, Thomas PA. PET Imaging Quantifying 68Ga-PSMA-11 Uptake in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. J Nucl Med 2020; 61:1576-1579. [PMID: 32358088 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.233312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
At diagnosis, 22% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have metastases, and 50% later develop metastasis. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), such as 177Lu-PSMA-617, is used to treat metastatic prostate cancer. 177Lu-PSMA-617 targets prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a cell-surface protein enriched in prostate cancer and the neovasculature of other solid tumors, including CRC. We performed 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT imaging of 10 patients with metastatic CRC to assess metastasis avidity. Eight patients had lesions lacking avidity, and 2 had solitary metastases exhibiting very low avidity. Despite expression of PSMA in CRC neovasculature, none of the patients exhibited tumor avidity sufficient to be considered for 177Lu-PSMA-617 PRRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahleesa J Cuda
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Andrew D Riddell
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Cheng Liu
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Envoi Specialist Pathologists, Herston, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia
| | - Vicki L Whitehall
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia
| | - Jennifer Borowsky
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia
| | - David K Wyld
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Matthew E Burge
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Ahern
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia
| | - Alison Griffin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia
| | - Nicholas J R Lyons
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - David A Clark
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Andrew R L Stevenson
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Paul A Thomas
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia .,Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.,Herston Imaging Research Facility, Herston, Australia
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19
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Alharbi M, Sharma S, Guanzon D, Lai A, Zuñiga F, Shiddiky MJA, Yamauchi Y, Salas-Burgos A, He Y, Pejovic T, Winters C, Morgan T, Perrin L, Hooper JD, Salomon C. miRNa signature in small extracellular vesicles and their association with platinum resistance and cancer recurrence in ovarian cancer. Nanomedicine 2020; 28:102207. [PMID: 32334098 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Carboplatin, administered as a single drug or in combination with paclitaxel, is the standard chemotherapy treatment for patients with ovarian cancer (OVCA). Recent evidence suggests that miRNAs associated with small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) participate in the development of chemoresistance. We studied the effect of carboplatin in a heterogeneity population of OVCA cells and their derived sEVs to identify mechanisms associated with chemoresistance. sEVs were quantified using an engineered superparamagnetic material, gold-loaded ferric oxide nanotubes and a screen-printed electrode. miR-21-3p, miR-21-5p, and miR-891-5p are enriched in sEVs, and they contribute to carboplatin resistance in OVCA. Using a quantitative MS/MS, miR-21-5p activates glycolysis and increases the expression of ATP-binding cassette family and a detoxification enzyme. miR-21-3p and miR-891-5p increase the expression of proteins involved in DNA repair mechanisms. Interestingly, the levels of miR-891-5p within sEVs are significantly higher in patients at risk of ovarian cancer relapse. Identification of miRNAs in sEVs also provides the opportunity to track them in biological fluids to potentially determine patient response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Alharbi
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shayna Sharma
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dominic Guanzon
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew Lai
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Felipe Zuñiga
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Muhammad J A Shiddiky
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University Nathan Campus, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Tanja Pejovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, OHSU, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Carmen Winters
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, OHSU, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Terry Morgan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, OHSU, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Pathology, OHSU, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Lewis Perrin
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, USA.
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20
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Harrington BS, He Y, Khan T, Puttick S, Conroy PJ, Kryza T, Cuda T, Sokolowski KA, Tse BWC, Robbins KK, Arachchige BJ, Stehbens SJ, Pollock PM, Reed S, Weroha SJ, Haluska P, Salomon C, Lourie R, Perrin LC, Law RHP, Whisstock JC, Hooper JD. Anti-CDCP1 immuno-conjugates for detection and inhibition of ovarian cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2095-2114. [PMID: 32104500 PMCID: PMC7019151 DOI: 10.7150/thno.30736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CUB-domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1) is a cancer associated cell surface protein that amplifies pro-tumorigenic signalling by other receptors including EGFR and HER2. Its potential as a cancer target is supported by studies showing that anti-CDCP1 antibodies inhibit cell migration and survival in vitro, and tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Here we characterize two anti-CDCP1 antibodies, focusing on immuno-conjugates of one of these as a tool to detect and inhibit ovarian cancer. Methods: A panel of ovarian cancer cell lines was examined for cell surface expression of CDCP1 and loss of expression induced by anti-CDCP1 antibodies 10D7 and 41-2 using flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. Surface plasmon resonance analysis and examination of truncation mutants was used to analyse the binding properties of the antibodies for CDCP1. Live-cell spinning-disk confocal microscopy of GFP-tagged CDCP1 was used to track internalization and intracellular trafficking of CDCP1/antibody complexes. In vivo, zirconium 89-labelled 10D7 was detected by positron-emission tomography imaging, of an ovarian cancer patient-derived xenograft grown intraperitoneally in mice. The efficacy of cytotoxin-conjugated 10D7 was examined against ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Results: Our data indicate that each antibody binds with high affinity to the extracellular domain of CDCP1 causing rapid internalization of the receptor/antibody complex and degradation of CDCP1 via processes mediated by the kinase Src. Highlighting the potential clinical utility of CDCP1, positron-emission tomography imaging, using zirconium 89-labelled 10D7, was able to detect subcutaneous and intraperitoneal xenograft ovarian cancers in mice, including small (diameter <3 mm) tumor deposits of an ovarian cancer patient-derived xenograft grown intraperitoneally in mice. Furthermore, cytotoxin-conjugated 10D7 was effective at inhibiting growth of CDCP1-expressing ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that CDCP1 internalizing antibodies have potential for killing and detection of CDCP1 expressing ovarian cancer cells.
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21
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Nguyen THM, Carreira PE, Sanchez-Luque FJ, Schauer SN, Fagg AC, Richardson SR, Davies CM, Jesuadian JS, Kempen MJHC, Troskie RL, James C, Beaven EA, Wallis TP, Coward JIG, Chetty NP, Crandon AJ, Venter DJ, Armes JE, Perrin LC, Hooper JD, Ewing AD, Upton KR, Faulkner GJ. L1 Retrotransposon Heterogeneity in Ovarian Tumor Cell Evolution. Cell Rep 2019; 23:3730-3740. [PMID: 29949758 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposons are a source of insertional mutagenesis in tumor cells. However, the clinical significance of L1 mobilization during tumorigenesis remains unclear. Here, we applied retrotransposon capture sequencing (RC-seq) to multiple single-cell clones isolated from five ovarian cancer cell lines and HeLa cells and detected endogenous L1 retrotransposition in vitro. We then applied RC-seq to ovarian tumor and matched blood samples from 19 patients and identified 88 tumor-specific L1 insertions. In one tumor, an intronic de novo L1 insertion supplied a novel cis-enhancer to the putative chemoresistance gene STC1. Notably, the tumor subclone carrying the STC1 L1 mutation increased in prevalence after chemotherapy, further increasing STC1 expression. We also identified hypomethylated donor L1s responsible for new L1 insertions in tumors and cultivated cancer cells. These congruent in vitro and in vivo results highlight L1 insertional mutagenesis as a common component of ovarian tumorigenesis and cancer genome heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu H M Nguyen
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Patricia E Carreira
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Francisco J Sanchez-Luque
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, PT Ciencias de la Salud, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Stephanie N Schauer
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Allister C Fagg
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Sandra R Richardson
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | | | - J Samuel Jesuadian
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Marie-Jeanne H C Kempen
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Robin-Lee Troskie
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Cini James
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | | | | | - Jermaine I G Coward
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Naven P Chetty
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | | | - Deon J Venter
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Jane E Armes
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Lewis C Perrin
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Adam D Ewing
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Kyle R Upton
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Geoffrey J Faulkner
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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22
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Kryza T, Bock N, Lovell S, Rockstroh A, Lehman ML, Lesner A, Panchadsaram J, Silva LM, Srinivasan S, Snell CE, Williams ED, Fazli L, Gleave M, Batra J, Nelson C, Tate EW, Harris J, Hooper JD, Clements JA. The molecular function of kallikrein-related peptidase 14 demonstrates a key modulatory role in advanced prostate cancer. Mol Oncol 2019; 14:105-128. [PMID: 31630475 PMCID: PMC6944120 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Kallikrein-related peptidase 14 (KLK14) is one of the several secreted KLK serine proteases involved in prostate cancer (PCa) pathogenesis. While relatively understudied, recent reports have identified KLK14 as overexpressed during PCa development. However, the modulation of KLK14 expression during PCa progression and the molecular and biological functions of this protease in the prostate tumor microenvironment remain unknown. To determine the modulation of KLK14 expression during PCa progression, we analyzed the expression levels of KLK14 in patient samples using publicly available databases and immunohistochemistry. In order to delineate the molecular mechanisms involving KLK14 in PCa progression, we integrated proteomic, transcriptomic, and in vitro assays with the goal to identify substrates, related-signaling pathways, and functional roles of this protease. We showed that KLK14 expression is elevated in advanced PCa, and particularly in metastasis. Additionally, KLK14 levels were found to be decreased in PCa tissues from patients responsive to neoadjuvant therapy compared to untreated patients. Furthermore, we also identified that KLK14 expression reoccurred in patients who developed castrate-resistant PCa. The combination of proteomic and transcriptomic analysis as well as functional assays revealed several new KLK14 substrates (agrin, desmoglein 2, vitronectin, laminins) and KLK14-regulated genes (Interleukin 32, midkine, SRY-Box 9), particularly an involvement of the mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 and interleukin 1 receptor pathways, and an involvement of KLK14 in the regulation of cellular migration, supporting its involvement in aggressive features of PCa progression. In conclusion, our work showed that KLK14 expression is associated with the development of aggressive PCa suggesting that targeting this protease could offer a novel route to limit the progression of prostate tumors. Additional work is necessary to determine the benefits and implications of targeting/cotargeting KLK14 in PCa as well as to determine the potential use of KLK14 expression as a predictor of PCa aggressiveness or response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kryza
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland (APCRC-Q), Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nathalie Bock
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland (APCRC-Q), Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Scott Lovell
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Anja Rockstroh
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland (APCRC-Q), Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Melanie L Lehman
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland (APCRC-Q), Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Adam Lesner
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Janaththani Panchadsaram
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland (APCRC-Q), Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Lakmali Munasinghage Silva
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Srilakshmi Srinivasan
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland (APCRC-Q), Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Cameron E Snell
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Elizabeth D Williams
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland (APCRC-Q), Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Ladan Fazli
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Martin Gleave
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland (APCRC-Q), Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Colleen Nelson
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland (APCRC-Q), Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Edward W Tate
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Jonathan Harris
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Judith A Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland (APCRC-Q), Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
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23
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Reid JC, Matsika A, Davies CM, He Y, Broomfield A, Bennett NC, Magdolen V, Srinivasan B, Clements JA, Hooper JD. Pericellular regulation of prostate cancer expressed kallikrein-related peptidases and matrix metalloproteinases by cell surface serine proteases. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:2257-2274. [PMID: 29218249 PMCID: PMC5714754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We provide evidence of a pericellular network of proteases that are elevated and co-expressed in prostate cancer. The network involves the membrane bound serine proteases hepsin and TMPRSS2, the secreted kallikrein-related peptidases KLK4 and KLK14, and the secreted matrix metalloproteinases MMP-3 and MMP-9. Western blot analysis of cell lysates, conditioned cell culture media, immunoprecipitates and cell surface proteins, demonstrates a network of interactions centred largely at the plasma membrane, with the Arg/Lys specific proteases hepsin and TMPRSS2 key regulators of the network. Our data demonstrate that like TMPRSS2, hepsin is able to autoactivate. Active hepsin degrades KLK4, generating a cell associated degradation product with corresponding reduction in levels of cell-free KLK4. In contrast hepsin activates KLK14. TMPRSS2 appears to cleave amino terminal to the KLK4 activation site such that it is available for further processing to generate the active KLK4 protease. In contrast with hepsin, TMPRSS2 degrades KLK14. In addition to these direct mechanisms of regulation, hepsin and TMPRSS2 indirectly modulate KLK4 activity by cleaving the KLK4-activating protease MMP-3. Hepsin and TMPRSS2 also activate MMP-9, which similar to MMP-3, associates with the cell surface. Interestingly our data also show that proteolysis occurs between the membrane spanning and catalytic domains of hepsin and TMPRSS2. Hepsin cleavage occurs via an autoproteolytic mechanism, whereas TMPRSS2 cleavage is mediated by KLK14. Hepsin and TMPRSS2 are not shed from the cell surface but proteolysis likely disrupts domains that regulate the proteolytic activity of these proteases. Immunocytochemical analyses demonstrate that hepsin and TMPRSS2 colocalize on the cell surface with the secreted serine proteases KLK4 and KLK14, only in membrane protrusions, suggesting that reciprocal proteolytic interactions occur in defined cellular structures that are important during cancer dissemination for cell migration, invasion and survival. Also of note, immunohistochemical analysis of serial sections of prostate tumor demonstrated significant overlapping expression of the six proteases in vivo. Collectively these data suggest the possibility that the novel proteolytic network identified by us, will be most important during active dissemination of prostate cancers, and that its disruption could inhibit metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet C Reid
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research InstituteWoolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of TechnologyWoolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Admire Matsika
- Mater Health ServicesSouth Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Claire M Davies
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research InstituteWoolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
- Mater Health ServicesSouth Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research InstituteWoolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Amy Broomfield
- Mater Health ServicesSouth Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Nigel C Bennett
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of TechnologyWoolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Viktor Magdolen
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of MunichIsmaninger Str. 22, D-81675, Germany
| | - Bhuvana Srinivasan
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research InstituteWoolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
- Mater Health ServicesSouth Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Judith A Clements
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of TechnologyWoolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research InstituteWoolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
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Kryza T, Silva LM, Bock N, Fuhrman-Luck RA, Stephens CR, Gao J, Samaratunga H, Lawrence MG, Hooper JD, Dong Y, Risbridger GP, Clements JA. Kallikrein-related peptidase 4 induces cancer-associated fibroblast features in prostate-derived stromal cells. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:1307-1329. [PMID: 28510269 PMCID: PMC5623815 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The reciprocal communication between cancer cells and their microenvironment is critical in cancer progression. Although involvement of cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAF) in cancer progression is long established, the molecular mechanisms leading to differentiation of CAFs from normal fibroblasts are poorly understood. Here, we report that kallikrein‐related peptidase‐4 (KLK4) promotes CAF differentiation. KLK4 is highly expressed in prostate epithelial cells of premalignant (prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia) and malignant lesions compared to normal prostate epithelia, especially at the peristromal interface. KLK4 induced CAF‐like features in the prostate‐derived WPMY1 normal stromal cell line, including increased expression of alpha‐smooth muscle actin, ESR1 and SFRP1. KLK4 activated protease‐activated receptor‐1 in WPMY1 cells increasing expression of several factors (FGF1, TAGLN, LOX, IL8, VEGFA) involved in prostate cancer progression. In addition, KLK4 induced WPMY1 cell proliferation and secretome changes, which in turn stimulated HUVEC cell proliferation that could be blocked by a VEGFA antibody. Importantly, the genes dysregulated by KLK4 treatment of WPMY1 cells were also differentially expressed between patient‐derived CAFs compared to matched nonmalignant fibroblasts and were further increased by KLK4 treatment. Taken together, we propose that epithelial‐derived KLK4 promotes tumour progression by actively promoting CAF differentiation in the prostate stromal microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kryza
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Woolloongabba, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Lakmali M Silva
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Nathalie Bock
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Woolloongabba, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Ruth A Fuhrman-Luck
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Woolloongabba, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Carson R Stephens
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Woolloongabba, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Jin Gao
- Regenerative Dentistry and Oral Biology, Oral Health Centre, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Hema Samaratunga
- Aquesta Pathology, Toowong, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
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- Australian Prostate Cancer BioResource, The Prostate Cancer Research Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Mitchell G Lawrence
- Prostate Research Group, Cancer Program - Biomedicine Discovery Institute Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Cancer Biology and Care Program, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Ying Dong
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Gail P Risbridger
- Prostate Research Group, Cancer Program - Biomedicine Discovery Institute Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Prostate Cancer Translational Research Program, Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Judith A Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Woolloongabba, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
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25
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Zhao S, Dorn J, Napieralski R, Walch A, Diersch S, Kotzsch M, Ahmed N, Hooper JD, Kiechle M, Schmitt M, Magdolen V. Plasmin(ogen) serves as a favorable biomarker for prediction of survival in advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Biol Chem 2017; 398:765-773. [PMID: 27935848 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In serous ovarian cancer, the clinical relevance of tumor cell-expressed plasmin(ogen) (PLG) has not yet been evaluated. Due to its proteolytic activity, plasmin supports tumorigenesis, however, angiostatin(-like) fragments, derived from PLG, can also function as potent anti-tumorigenic factors. In the present study, we assessed PLG protein expression in 103 cases of advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer (FIGO III/IV) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). In 70/103 cases, positive staining of tumor cells was observed. In univariate Cox regression analysis, PLG staining was positively associated with prolonged overall survival (OS) [hazard ratio (HR)=0.59, p=0.026] of the patients. In multivariable analysis, PLG, together with residual tumor mass, remained a statistically significant independent prognostic marker (HR=0.49, p=0.009). In another small patient cohort (n=29), we assessed mRNA expression levels of PLG by quantitative PCR. Here, elevated PLG mRNA levels were also significantly associated with prolonged OS of patients (Kaplan-Meier analysis; p=0.001). This finding was validated by in silico analysis of a microarray data set (n=398) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (Kaplan-Meier analysis; p=0.031). In summary, these data indicate that elevated PLG expression represents a favorable prognostic biomarker in advanced (FIGO III/IV) high-grade serous ovarian cancer.
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26
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Adams MN, Burgess JT, He Y, Gately K, Snell C, Zhang SD, Hooper JD, Richard DJ, O'Byrne KJ. Expression of CDCA3 Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2017; 12:1071-1084. [PMID: 28487093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION NSCLC is the leading cause for cancer-related deaths worldwide. New therapeutic targets are needed, as development of resistance to current treatment, such as platinum-based chemotherapy, is inevitable. The purpose of this study was to determine the functional relevance and therapeutic potential of cell division cycle associated 3 protein (CDCA3) in NSCLC. METHODS The expression of CDCA3 in squamous and nonsquamous NSCLC was investigated by using bioinformatics, Western blot analysis of matched tumor and normal tissue, and immunohistochemistry of a tissue microarray. The function of CDCA3 in NSCLC was determined by using several in vitro assays with small interfering RNA depleting CDCA3 in a panel of three immortalized human bronchial epithelial cell (HBEC) lines and seven NSCLC cell lines. RESULTS In this study, cell division cycle associated 3 gene (CDCA3) transcripts were identified as highly increased in NSCLC versus in nonmalignant tissue, with high levels of CDCA3 being associated with poor patient prognosis. CDCA3 protein was also increased in NSCLC tissue and expression was limited to tumor cells. CDCA3 expression was similarly increased in a panel of NSCLC cell lines compared with in three HBEC lines. Although depletion of CDCA3 in the HBEC lines did not affect cellular proliferation, depletion of CDCA3 expression markedly reduced the proliferation of all NSCLC cell lines. CDCA3 depletion caused a defective G2/M-phase cell cycle progression, upregulation of p21 independent of p53, and induction of cellular senescence. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight CDCA3 as a prognostic factor and potential novel therapeutic target in NSCLC through inhibition of tumor growth and promotion of tumor senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark N Adams
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Joshua T Burgess
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Kathy Gately
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Cameron Snell
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia; Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Shu-Dong Zhang
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, University of Ulster, Londonderry, United Kingdom
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Derek J Richard
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Kenneth J O'Byrne
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia.
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27
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Chen Y, Harrington BS, Lau KCN, Burke LJ, He Y, Iconomou M, Palmer JS, Meade B, Lumley JW, Hooper JD. Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of CDCP1 shed from the cell surface and present in colorectal cancer serum specimens. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 139:65-72. [PMID: 28279929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
CUB domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1) is a transmembrane protein involved in progression of several cancers. When located on the plasma membrane, full-length 135kDa CDCP1 can undergo proteolysis mediated by serine proteases that cleave after two adjacent amino acids (arginine 368 and lysine 369). This releases from the cell surface two 65kDa fragments, collectively termed ShE-CDCP1, that differ by one carboxyl terminal residue. To evaluate the function of CDCP1 and its potential utility as a cancer biomarker, in this study we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to reliably and easily measure the concentration of ShE-CDCP1 in biological samples. Using a reference standard we demonstrate that the developed ELISA has a working range of 0.68-26.5ng/ml, and the limit of detection is 0.25ng/ml. It displays high intra-assay (repeatability) and high inter-assay (reproducibility) precision with all coefficients of variation ≤7%. The ELISA also displays high accuracy detecting ShE-CDCP1 levels at ≥94.8% of actual concentration using quality control samples. We employed the ELISA to measure the concentration of ShE-CDCP1 in human serum samples with our results suggesting that levels are significantly higher in serum of colorectal cancer patients compared with serum from individuals with benign conditions (p<0.05). Our data also suggest that colorectal cancer patients with stage II-IV disease have at least 50% higher serum levels of ShE-CDCP1 compared with stage I cases (p<0.05). We conclude that the developed ELISA is a suitable method to quantify ShE-CDCP1 concentration in human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Brittney S Harrington
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Kevin C N Lau
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Lez J Burke
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Mary Iconomou
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Qld 4059, Australia
| | - James S Palmer
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Brian Meade
- Colorectal Unit, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba Qld 4102, Australia
| | | | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia.
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28
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Sheng YH, He Y, hasnain SZ, Wang R, Tong H, Clarke DT, Lourie R, Oancea I, wong K, Lumley JW, Florin TH, Sutton P, Hooper JD, Mcmillan NA, Mcguckin MA. Abstract 3564: MUC13 protects colorectal cancer cells from death by activating the NF-κb pathway and is a potential therapeutic target. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-3564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
MUC13 is a transmembrane mucin glycoprotein that is overexpressed by many cancers, although its functions are not fully understood. NF-κB is a key transcription factor promoting cancer cell survival, but therapeutically targeting this pathway has proved difficult because NF-κB has pleiotropic functions. Here, we report that MUC13 prevents colorectal cancer cell death by promoting two distinct pathways of NF-kB activation, consequently up-regulating BCL-XL. MUC13 promoted TNF-induced NF-κB activation by interacting with TNFR1 and the E3 ligase, cIAP1, to increase ubiquitination of RIPK1. MUC13 also promoted genotoxin-induced NF-κB activation by increasing phosphorylation of ATM and SUMOylation of NEMO. Moreover, elevated expression of cytoplasmic MUC13 and NF-κB correlated with colorectal cancer progression and metastases. Our demonstration that MUC13 enhances NF-κB signalling in response to both TNF and DNA damaging agents provides a new molecular target for specific inhibition of NF-κB activation. As proof of principle, silencing MUC13 sensitized colorectal cancer cells to death in response to cytotoxic drugs and inflammatory signals and abolished chemotherapy-induced enrichment of CD133+ CD44+ cancer stem cells, slowed xenograft growth in mice, and synergized with 5-fluourouracil to induce tumor regression. Therefore, these data indicate that combining chemotherapy and MUC13 antagonism could improve the treatment of metastatic cancers.
Citation Format: Yong H. Sheng, Yaowu He, sumaira Z. hasnain, Ran Wang, Hui Tong, Daniel T. Clarke, Rohan Lourie, Iulia Oancea, kuanyau wong, John W. Lumley, Timothy H. Florin, Philip Sutton, John. D. Hooper, Nigel A. Mcmillan, Michael A. Mcguckin. MUC13 protects colorectal cancer cells from death by activating the NF-κb pathway and is a potential therapeutic target. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3564.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong H. Sheng
- 1Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Brisbance, Australia
| | - Yaowu He
- 1Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Brisbance, Australia
| | - sumaira Z. hasnain
- 1Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Brisbance, Australia
| | - Ran Wang
- 1Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Brisbance, Australia
| | - Hui Tong
- 1Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Brisbance, Australia
| | | | - Rohan Lourie
- 1Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Brisbance, Australia
| | - Iulia Oancea
- 1Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Brisbance, Australia
| | - kuanyau wong
- 1Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Brisbance, Australia
| | | | - Timothy H. Florin
- 1Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Brisbance, Australia
| | - Philip Sutton
- 4Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John. D. Hooper
- 1Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Brisbance, Australia
| | | | - Michael A. Mcguckin
- 1Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Brisbance, Australia
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29
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Sheng YH, He Y, Hasnain SZ, Wang R, Tong H, Clarke DT, Lourie R, Oancea I, Wong KY, Lumley JW, Florin TH, Sutton P, Hooper JD, McMillan NA, McGuckin MA. MUC13 protects colorectal cancer cells from death by activating the NF-κB pathway and is a potential therapeutic target. Oncogene 2016; 36:700-713. [PMID: 27399336 PMCID: PMC5541270 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MUC13 is a transmembrane mucin glycoprotein that is over produced by many cancers, although its functions are not fully understood. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a key transcription factor promoting cancer cell survival, but therapeutically targeting this pathway has proved difficult because NF-κB has pleiotropic functions. Here, we report that MUC13 prevents colorectal cancer cell death by promoting two distinct pathways of NF-kB activation, consequently upregulating BCL-XL. MUC13 promoted tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced NF-κB activation by interacting with TNFR1 and the E3 ligase, cIAP1, to increase ubiquitination of RIPK1. MUC13 also promoted genotoxin-induced NF-κB activation by increasing phosphorylation of ATM and SUMOylation of NF-κB essential modulator. Moreover, elevated expression of cytoplasmic MUC13 and NF-κB correlated with colorectal cancer progression and metastases. Our demonstration that MUC13 enhances NF-κB signaling in response to both TNF and DNA-damaging agents provides a new molecular target for specific inhibition of NF-κB activation. As proof of principle, silencing MUC13 sensitized colorectal cancer cells to killing by cytotoxic drugs and inflammatory signals and abolished chemotherapy-induced enrichment of CD133+ CD44+ cancer stem cells, slowed xenograft growth in mice, and synergized with 5-fluourouracil to induce tumor regression. Therefore, these data indicate that combining chemotherapy and MUC13 antagonism could improve the treatment of metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Sheng
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Y He
- Cancer Biology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - S Z Hasnain
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - R Wang
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - H Tong
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - D T Clarke
- Molecular Basis of Disease Program, School of Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - R Lourie
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - I Oancea
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - K Y Wong
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J W Lumley
- Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, Australia
| | - T H Florin
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - P Sutton
- Mucosal Immunology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Animal Biotechnology, School of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J D Hooper
- Cancer Biology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - N A McMillan
- Molecular Basis of Disease Program, School of Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - M A McGuckin
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group-Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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30
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Lassemillante ACM, Skinner TL, Hooper JD, Prins JB, Wright ORL. Osteoporosis-Related Health Behaviors in Men With Prostate Cancer and Survivors: Exploring Osteoporosis Knowledge, Health Beliefs, and Self-Efficacy. Am J Mens Health 2016; 11:13-23. [PMID: 26712535 DOI: 10.1177/1557988315615956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This descriptive study aimed to (a) determine the extent of osteoporosis knowledge, perceived health beliefs, and self-efficacy with bone healthy behaviors in men with prostate cancer and survivors and (b) identify how dietary bone healthy behaviors are associated with these psychobehavioral and psychosocial factors. Three different questionnaires were used to measure osteoporosis knowledge, health beliefs, and self-efficacy in a group of men with prostate cancer and survivors. Bone health was assessed via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and calcium intake using a diet history. The prevalence of osteoporosis and low bone mass was high at over 70%. Participants had inadequate osteoporosis knowledge with a mean score of 43.3% ( SD = 18%) on the Facts on Osteoporosis Quiz. Participants scored low on the subscale measuring barriers to exercise (median = 11; interquartile range [IQR] = 6.5), indicating minimal barriers to exercise participation, and the subscale measuring the benefits of exercise scored the highest (median = 24; IQR = 3.5) compared with the other subscales. Men with prostate cancer and survivors were highly confident in their exercise and calcium self-efficacy (83.0%, IQR = 24.0% and 85.7%, IQR = 27.0%, respectively). Participants did not meet their calcium requirements or consume enough dairy products for optimum bone health. Men with prostate cancer and survivors have poor osteoporosis knowledge, but are confident in their self-efficacy of undertaking bone healthy behaviors. This confidence did not translate to specific dietary behaviors as they did not meet their calcium or dairy intake requirements. Implications for cancer survivors is that there is a need for bone health education programs among prostate cancer survivors. These programs should go beyond education and empowerment to provide practical guidance to maximize uptake of bone healthy behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie-Claude M Lassemillante
- 1 Centre for Dietetics Research, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences,The University of Queensland, Australia.,2 Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Tina L Skinner
- 3 Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- 2 Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, Australia
| | - John B Prins
- 2 Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, Australia.,4 The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Olivia R L Wright
- 1 Centre for Dietetics Research, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences,The University of Queensland, Australia.,2 Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, Australia
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31
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Wu AC, He Y, Broomfield A, Paatan NJ, Harrington BS, Tseng HW, Beaven EA, Kiernan DM, Swindle P, Clubb AB, Levesque JP, Winkler IG, Ling MT, Srinivasan B, Hooper JD, Pettit AR. CD169(+) macrophages mediate pathological formation of woven bone in skeletal lesions of prostate cancer. J Pathol 2016; 239:218-30. [PMID: 27174786 DOI: 10.1002/path.4718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal metastases present a major clinical challenge for prostate cancer patient care, inflicting distinctive mixed osteoblastic and osteolytic lesions that cause morbidity and refractory skeletal complications. Macrophages are abundant in bone and bone marrow and can influence both osteoblast and osteoclast function in physiology and pathology. Herein, we examined the role of macrophages in prostate cancer bone lesions, particularly the osteoblastic response. First, macrophage and lymphocyte distributions were qualitatively assessed in patient's prostate cancer skeletal lesions by immunohistochemistry. Second, macrophage functional contributions to prostate tumour growth in bone were explored using an immune-competent mouse model combined with two independent approaches to achieve in vivo macrophage depletion: liposome encapsulated clodronate that depletes phagocytic cells (including macrophages and osteoclasts); and targeted depletion of CD169(+) macrophages using a suicide gene knock-in model. Immunohistochemistry and histomorphometric analysis were performed to quantitatively assess cancer-induced bone changes. In human bone metastasis specimens, CD68(+) macrophages were consistently located within the tumour mass. Osteal macrophages (osteomacs) were associated with pathological woven bone within the metastatic lesions. In contrast, lymphocytes were inconsistently present in prostate cancer skeletal lesions and when detected, had varied distributions. In the immune-competent mouse model, CD169(+) macrophage ablation significantly inhibited prostate cancer-induced woven bone formation, suggesting that CD169(+) macrophages within pathological woven bone are integral to tumour-induced bone formation. In contrast, pan-phagocytic cell, but not targeted CD169(+) macrophage depletion resulted in increased tumour mass, indicating that CD169(-) macrophage subset(s) and/or osteoclasts influenced tumour growth. In summary, these observations indicate a prominent role for macrophages in prostate cancer bone metastasis that may be therapeutically targetable to reduce the negative skeletal impacts of this malignancy, including tumour-induced bone modelling. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy C Wu
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Yaowu He
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Amy Broomfield
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Mater Misericordiae Ltd., South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nicoll J Paatan
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Brittney S Harrington
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Hsu-Wen Tseng
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Beaven
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Mater Misericordiae Ltd., South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Deirdre M Kiernan
- Department of Urology, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Peter Swindle
- Department of Urology, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Adrian B Clubb
- Department of Urology, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jean-Pierre Levesque
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Ingrid G Winkler
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Ming-Tat Ling
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Bhuvana Srinivasan
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Mater Misericordiae Ltd., South Brisbane, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Allison R Pettit
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
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Lassemillante ACM, Doi SAR, Hooper JD, Prins JB, Wright ORL. Prevalence of osteoporosis in prostate cancer survivors II: a meta-analysis of men not on androgen deprivation therapy. Endocrine 2015; 50:344-54. [PMID: 25636442 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-015-0536-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of osteoporosis in men with prostate cancer (PCa) on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is well documented, with up to 53% affected by this bone condition. However, there has been less emphasis on the burden of severe bone loss in men with PCa but not undergoing ADT. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analysis is to compile evidence from the literature on the bone health of hormone-naïve PCa patients and to compare it to the bone health of men with PCa on ADT. Three databases were searched for the relevant literature published from 1990 until January 2014. The pooled prevalence of osteoporosis, low bone mass, and normal bone mass were estimated for this patient group and compared with similar subgroups from a previously published meta-analysis. The prevalence of osteoporosis varies from 4 to 38% in hormone-naïve PCa patients, and men with more advanced disease have a higher prevalence of osteoporosis. Men with PCa on ADT have poorer bone health than their hormone-naïve counterparts, but the trend toward poorer bone health with metastatic disease remains. In conclusion, it was found that men with PCa experience poor bone health prior to treatment with ADT. These results suggest that all men with PCa should have regular bone health monitoring, whether they commence ADT or not, in order to prevent or indeed minimize the morbidity that accompanies osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie-Claude M Lassemillante
- Centre for Dietetics Research (C-DIET-R), School of Human Movement and Nutrition Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.
| | - Suhail A R Doi
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - John B Prins
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Olivia R L Wright
- Centre for Dietetics Research (C-DIET-R), School of Human Movement and Nutrition Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
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Dong Y, Harrington BS, Adams MN, Wortmann A, Stephenson SA, Lisle J, Herington A, Hooper JD, Clements JA. Activation of membrane-bound proteins and receptor systems: a link between tissue kallikrein and the KLK-related peptidases. Biol Chem 2015; 395:977-90. [PMID: 24854540 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2014-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The 15 members of the kallikrein-related serine peptidase (KLK) family have diverse tissue-specific expression profiles and roles in a range of cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, invasion, differentiation, inflammation and angiogenesis that are required in both normal physiology as well as pathological conditions. These roles require cleavage of a range of substrates, including extracellular matrix proteins, growth factors, cytokines as well as other proteinases. In addition, it has been clear since the earliest days of KLK research that cleavage of cell surface substrates is also essential in a range of KLK-mediated cellular processes where these peptidases are essentially acting as agonists and antagonists. In this review we focus on these KLK-regulated cell surface receptor systems including bradykinin receptors, proteinase-activated receptors, as well as the plasminogen activator, ephrins and their receptors, and hepatocyte growth factor/Met receptor systems and other plasma membrane proteins. From this analysis it is clear that in many physiological and pathological settings KLKs have the potential to regulate multiple receptor systems simultaneously; an important issue when these peptidases and substrates are targeted in disease.
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Holzapfel BM, Hutmacher DW, Nowlan B, Barbier V, Thibaudeau L, Theodoropoulos C, Hooper JD, Loessner D, Clements JA, Russell PJ, Pettit AR, Winkler IG, Levesque JP. Tissue engineered humanized bone supports human hematopoiesis in vivo. Biomaterials 2015; 61:103-14. [PMID: 26001075 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Advances in tissue-engineering have resulted in a versatile tool-box to specifically design a tailored microenvironment for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in order to study diseases that develop within this setting. However, most current in vivo models fail to recapitulate the biological processes seen in humans. Here we describe a highly reproducible method to engineer humanized bone constructs that are able to recapitulate the morphological features and biological functions of the HSC niches. Ectopic implantation of biodegradable composite scaffolds cultured for 4 weeks with human mesenchymal progenitor cells and loaded with rhBMP-7 resulted in the development of a chimeric bone organ including a large number of human mesenchymal cells which were shown to be metabolically active and capable of establishing a humanized microenvironment supportive of the homing and maintenance of human HSCs. A syngeneic mouse-to-mouse transplantation assay was used to prove the functionality of the tissue-engineered ossicles. We predict that the ability to tissue engineer a morphologically intact and functional large-volume bone organ with a humanized bone marrow compartment will help to further elucidate physiological or pathological interactions between human HSCs and their native niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris M Holzapfel
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4049, Brisbane, Australia; Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Wuerzburg, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Brettreichstr. 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4049, Brisbane, Australia; George W Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive Northwest, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 2a, 85748 Garching, Munich, Germany.
| | - Bianca Nowlan
- Stem Cell Biology Group and Stem Cells and Cancer Group - Blood and Bone Diseases Program, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Valerie Barbier
- Stem Cell Biology Group and Stem Cells and Cancer Group - Blood and Bone Diseases Program, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Laure Thibaudeau
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4049, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Christina Theodoropoulos
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4049, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daniela Loessner
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4049, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Judith A Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Pamela J Russell
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Brisbane, Australia; Cells and Tissue Domain, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4049, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Allison R Pettit
- Bones and Immunology Group - Blood and Bone Diseases Program, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ingrid G Winkler
- Stem Cell Biology Group and Stem Cells and Cancer Group - Blood and Bone Diseases Program, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jean-Pierre Levesque
- Stem Cell Biology Group and Stem Cells and Cancer Group - Blood and Bone Diseases Program, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Brisbane, Australia; School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Brisbane, Australia.
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He Y, Wu AC, Harrington BS, Davies CM, Wallace SJ, Adams MN, Palmer JS, Roche DK, Hollier BG, Westbrook TF, Hamidi H, Konecny GE, Winterhoff B, Chetty NP, Crandon AJ, Oliveira NB, Shannon CM, Tinker AV, Gilks CB, Coward JI, Lumley JW, Perrin LC, Armes JE, Hooper JD. Elevated CDCP1 predicts poor patient outcome and mediates ovarian clear cell carcinoma by promoting tumor spheroid formation, cell migration and chemoresistance. Oncogene 2015; 35:468-78. [PMID: 25893298 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hematogenous metastases are rarely present at diagnosis of ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCC). Instead dissemination of these tumors is characteristically via direct extension of the primary tumor into nearby organs and the spread of exfoliated tumor cells throughout the peritoneum, initially via the peritoneal fluid, and later via ascites that accumulates as a result of disruption of the lymphatic system. The molecular mechanisms orchestrating these processes are uncertain. In particular, the signaling pathways used by malignant cells to survive the stresses of anchorage-free growth in peritoneal fluid and ascites, and to colonize remote sites, are poorly defined. We demonstrate that the transmembrane glycoprotein CUB-domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) has important and inhibitable roles in these processes. In vitro assays indicate that CDCP1 mediates formation and survival of OCC spheroids, as well as cell migration and chemoresistance. Disruption of CDCP1 via silencing and antibody-mediated inhibition markedly reduce the ability of TOV21G OCC cells to form intraperitoneal tumors and induce accumulation of ascites in mice. Mechanistically our data suggest that CDCP1 effects are mediated via a novel mechanism of protein kinase B (Akt) activation. Immunohistochemical analysis also suggested that CDCP1 is functionally important in OCC, with its expression elevated in 90% of 198 OCC tumors and increased CDCP1 expression correlating with poor patient disease-free and overall survival. This analysis also showed that CDCP1 is largely restricted to the surface of malignant cells where it is accessible to therapeutic antibodies. Importantly, antibody-mediated blockade of CDCP1 in vivo significantly increased the anti-tumor efficacy of carboplatin, the chemotherapy most commonly used to treat OCC. In summary, our data indicate that CDCP1 is important in the progression of OCC and that targeting pathways mediated by this protein may be useful for the management of OCC, potentially in combination with chemotherapies and agents targeting the Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - A C Wu
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - B S Harrington
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - C M Davies
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.,Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - S J Wallace
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - M N Adams
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - J S Palmer
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - D K Roche
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - B G Hollier
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - T F Westbrook
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - H Hamidi
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G E Konecny
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - N P Chetty
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - A J Crandon
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - N B Oliveira
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - C M Shannon
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - A V Tinker
- Division of Medical Oncology, Vancouver Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Cheryl Brown Ovarian Cancer Outcomes Unit, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C B Gilks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J I Coward
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.,Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J W Lumley
- Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, Queensland, Australia
| | - L C Perrin
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J E Armes
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.,Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
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Wallace DF, Secondes ES, Rishi G, Ostini L, McDonald CJ, Lane SW, Vu T, Hooper JD, Velasco G, Ramsay AJ, Lopez-Otin C, Subramaniam VN. A critical role for murine transferrin receptor 2 in erythropoiesis during iron restriction. Br J Haematol 2014; 168:891-901. [PMID: 25403101 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Effective erythropoiesis requires an appropriate supply of iron and mechanisms regulating iron homeostasis and erythropoiesis are intrinsically linked. Iron dysregulation, typified by iron-deficiency anaemia and iron overload, is common in many clinical conditions and impacts the health of up to 30% of the world's population. The proteins transmembrane protease, serine 6 (TMPRSS6; also termed matriptase-2), HFE and transferrin receptor 2 (TFR2) play important and opposing roles in systemic iron homeostasis, by regulating expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. We have performed a systematic analysis of mice deficient in these three proteins and show that TMPRSS6 predominates over HFE and TFR2 in hepcidin regulation. The phenotype of mice lacking TMPRSS6 and TFR2 is characterized by severe anaemia and extramedullary haematopoiesis in the spleen. Stress erythropoiesis in these mice results in increased expression of the newly identified erythroid iron regulator erythroferrone, which does not appear to overcome the hepcidin overproduction mediated by loss of TMPRSS6. Extended analysis reveals that TFR2 plays an important role in erythroid cells, where it is involved in terminal erythroblast differentiation and the regulation of erythropoietin. In conclusion, we have identified an essential role for TFR2 in erythropoiesis that may provide new targets for the treatment of anaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Wallace
- Membrane Transport Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, Australia; School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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Bennett NC, Hooper JD, Johnson DW, Gobe GC. Expression profiles and functional associations of endogenous androgen receptor and caveolin-1 in prostate cancer cell lines. Prostate 2014; 74:478-87. [PMID: 24375805 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In prostate cancer (PCa) patients, the protein target for androgen deprivation and blockade therapies is androgen receptor (AR). AR interacts with many proteins that function to either co-activate or co-repress its activity. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is not found in normal prostatic epithelium, but is found in PCa, and may be an AR co-regulator protein. METHODS We investigated cell line-specific signatures and associations of endogenous AR and Cav-1 in six PCa cell lines of known androgen sensitivity: LNCaP (androgen sensitive); 22Rv1 (androgen responsive); PC3, DU145, and ALVA41 (androgen non-reliant); and RWPE1 (non-malignant). Protein and mRNA expression profiles were compared and electron microscopy used to identify cells with caveolar structures. For cell lines expressing both AR and Cav-1, knockdown techniques using small interfering RNA against AR or Cav-1 were used to test whether diminished expression of one affected the other. Co-sedimentation of AR and Cav-1 was used to test their association. A reporter assay for AR genomic activity was utilized following Cav-1 knockdown. RESULTS AR-expressing LNCaP and 22Rv1 cells had low endogenous Cav-1 mRNA and protein. Cell lines that expressed little or no AR (DU145, PC3, ALVA41, and RWPE1) expressed high endogenous levels of Cav-1. AR knockdown in LNCaP cells had little effect on Cav-1, but Cav-1 knockdown inhibited AR expression and genomic activity. CONCLUSIONS These data show endogenous AR and Cav-1 mRNA and protein expression is inversely related in PCa cells, with Cav-1 acting on the androgen/AR signaling axis possibly as an AR co-activator, demonstrated by diminished AR genomic activity following Cav-1 knockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel C Bennett
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
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38
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Lassemillante ACM, Doi SAR, Hooper JD, Prins JB, Wright ORL. Prevalence of osteoporosis in prostate cancer survivors: a meta-analysis. Endocrine 2014; 45:370-81. [PMID: 24174178 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-013-0083-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), which is used in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa), is associated with increased morbidity. Severe bone loss is a major consequence of androgen ablation and with an increasing number of patients undergoing this treatment, the incidence of osteoporosis and fractures can be expected to increase with a significant impact on healthcare. To evaluate the prevalence of osteoporosis, we conducted a review of the literature on bone health in men with PCa undergoing ADT. A meta-analysis was conducted using the quality effects model, and sources of heterogeneity were further explored by consideration of discordant effect sizes of included studies in the meta-analysis and examining reasons thereof. Our analyses indicate that the prevalence of osteoporosis varies between 9 and 53 % with this variation partially explained by treatment duration, disease stage, ethnicity and site of osteoporosis measurement. While it is well known that a rapid decline in bone health amongst men with PCa on ADT occurs, this meta-analysis documents the high prevalence of osteoporosis in this population and reinforces the need of preventative approaches as part of usual care of PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie-Claude M Lassemillante
- Centre for Dietetics Research (C-DIET-R), School of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia,
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Adams MN, Harrington BS, He Y, Davies CM, Wallace SJ, Chetty NP, Crandon AJ, Oliveira NB, Shannon CM, Coward JI, Lumley JW, Perrin LC, Armes JE, Hooper JD. EGF inhibits constitutive internalization and palmitoylation-dependent degradation of membrane-spanning procancer CDCP1 promoting its availability on the cell surface. Oncogene 2014; 34:1375-83. [PMID: 24681947 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many cancers are dependent on inappropriate activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and drugs targeting this receptor can improve patient survival, although benefits are generally short-lived. We reveal a novel mechanism linking EGFR and the membrane-spanning, cancer-promoting protein CDCP1 (CUB domain-containing protein 1). Under basal conditions, cell surface CDCP1 constitutively internalizes and undergoes palmitoylation-dependent degradation by a mechanism in which it is palmitoylated in at least one of its four cytoplasmic cysteines. This mechanism is functional in vivo as CDCP1 is elevated and palmitoylated in high-grade serous ovarian tumors. Interestingly, activation of the EGFR system with EGF inhibits proteasome-mediated, palmitoylation-dependent degradation of CDCP1, promoting recycling of CDCP1 to the cell surface where it is available to mediate its procancer effects. We also show that mechanisms inducing relocalization of CDCP1 to the cell surface, including disruption of its palmitoylation and EGF treatment, promote cell migration. Our data provide the first evidence that the EGFR system can function to increase the lifespan of a protein and also promote its recycling to the cell surface. This information may be useful for understanding mechanisms of resistance to EGFR therapies and assist in the design of treatments for EGFR-dependent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Adams
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - B S Harrington
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Y He
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - C M Davies
- 1] Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia [2] Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - S J Wallace
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - N P Chetty
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - A J Crandon
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - N B Oliveira
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - C M Shannon
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - J I Coward
- 1] Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia [2] Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - J W Lumley
- Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, QLD, Australia
| | - L C Perrin
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - J E Armes
- 1] Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia [2] Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - J D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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Bennett NC, Hooper JD, Lambie D, Lee CS, Yang T, Vesey DA, Samaratunga H, Johnson DW, Gobe GC. Evidence for steroidogenic potential in human prostate cell lines and tissues. Am J Pathol 2012; 181:1078-87. [PMID: 22796438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Malignant prostate cancer (PCa) is usually treated with androgen deprivation therapies (ADTs). Recurrent PCa is resistant to ADT. This research investigated whether PCa can potentially produce androgens de novo, making them androgen self-sufficient. Steroidogenic enzymes required for androgen synthesis from cholesterol (CYP11A1, CYP17A1, HSD3β, HSD17β3) were investigated in human primary PCa (n = 90), lymph node metastases (LNMs; n = 8), and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH; n = 6) with the use of IHC. Six prostate cell lines were investigated for mRNA and protein for steroidogenic enzymes and for endogenous synthesis of testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone. All enzymes were identified in PCa, LNMs, BPH, and cell lines. CYP11A1 (rate-limiting enzyme) was expressed in cancerous and noncancerous prostate glands. CYP11A1, CYP17A1, HSD3β, and HSD17β3 were identified, respectively, in 78%, 52%, 16%, and 82% of human BPH and PCa samples. Approximately 10% of primary PCa, LNMs, and BPH expressed all four enzymes simultaneously. CYP11A1 expression was stable, CYP17A1 increased, and HSD3β and HSD17β3 decreased with disease progression. CYP17A1 expression was significantly correlated with CYP11A1 (P = 0.0009), HSD3β (P = 0.0297), and HSD17β3 (P = 0.0090) in vivo, suggesting CYP17A1 has a key role in prostatic steroidogenesis similar to testis and adrenal roles. In vitro, all cell lines expressed mRNA for all enzymes. Protein was not always detectable; however, all cell lines synthesized androgen from cholesterol. The results indicate that monitoring steroidogenic metabolites in patients with PCa may provide useful information for therapy intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel C Bennett
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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41
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Sanchez WY, de Veer SJ, Swedberg JE, Hong EJ, Reid JC, Walsh TP, Hooper JD, Hammond GL, Clements JA, Harris JM. Selective cleavage of human sex hormone-binding globulin by kallikrein-related peptidases and effects on androgen action in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Endocrinology 2012; 153:3179-89. [PMID: 22547569 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Stimulation of the androgen receptor via bioavailable androgens, including testosterone and testosterone metabolites, is a key driver of prostate development and the early stages of prostate cancer. Androgens are hydrophobic and as such require carrier proteins, including sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), to enable efficient distribution from sites of biosynthesis to target tissues. The similarly hydrophobic corticosteroids also require a carrier protein whose affinity for steroid is modulated by proteolysis. However, proteolytic mechanisms regulating the SHBG/androgen complex have not been reported. Here, we show that the cancer-associated serine proteases, kallikrein-related peptidase (KLK)4 and KLK14, bind strongly to SHBG in glutathione S-transferase interaction analyses. Further, we demonstrate that active KLK4 and KLK14 cleave human SHBG at unique sites and in an androgen-dependent manner. KLK4 separated androgen-free SHBG into its two laminin G-like (LG) domains that were subsequently proteolytically stable even after prolonged digestion, whereas a catalytically equivalent amount of KLK14 reduced SHBG to small peptide fragments over the same period. Conversely, proteolysis of 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-bound SHBG was similar for both KLKs and left the steroid binding LG4 domain intact. Characterization of this proteolysis fragment by [(3)H]-labeled DHT binding assays revealed that it retained identical affinity for androgen compared with full-length SHBG (dissociation constant = 1.92 nM). Consistent with this, both full-length SHBG and SHBG-LG4 significantly increased DHT-mediated transcriptional activity of the androgen receptor compared with DHT delivered without carrier protein. Collectively, these data provide the first evidence that SHBG is a target for proteolysis and demonstrate that a stable fragment derived from proteolysis of steroid-bound SHBG retains binding function in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Washington Y Sanchez
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
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Casar B, Hooper JD, Quigley JP, Deryugina EI. Blocking of CDCP1 In Vivo Cleavage Presents Akt‐Dependent Survival of Cancer Cells and Inhibits Their Metastatic Colonization via PARP1‐Mediated Apoptosis. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.797.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Berta Casar
- Cell BiologyThe Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCA
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Medical Research InstituteSouth BrisbaneAustralia
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43
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Dong Y, He Y, de Boer L, Stack MS, Lumley JW, Clements JA, Hooper JD. The cell surface glycoprotein CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) contributes to epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated cell migration. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:9792-9803. [PMID: 22315226 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.335448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) activation of the EGF receptor (EGFR) is an important mediator of cell migration, and aberrant signaling via this system promotes a number of malignancies including ovarian cancer. We have identified the cell surface glycoprotein CDCP1 as a key regulator of EGF/EGFR-induced cell migration. We show that signaling via EGF/EGFR induces migration of ovarian cancer Caov3 and OVCA420 cells with concomitant up-regulation of CDCP1 mRNA and protein. Consistent with a role in cell migration CDCP1 relocates from cell-cell junctions to punctate structures on filopodia after activation of EGFR. Significantly, disruption of CDCP1 either by silencing or the use of a function blocking antibody efficiently reduces EGF/EGFR-induced cell migration of Caov3 and OVCA420 cells. We also show that up-regulation of CDCP1 is inhibited by pharmacological agents blocking ERK but not Src signaling, indicating that the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway is required downstream of EGF/EGFR to induce increased expression of CDCP1. Our immunohistochemical analysis of benign, primary, and metastatic serous epithelial ovarian tumors demonstrates that CDCP1 is expressed during progression of this cancer. These data highlight a novel role for CDCP1 in EGF/EGFR-induced cell migration and indicate that targeting of CDCP1 may be a rational approach to inhibit progression of cancers driven by EGFR signaling including those resistant to anti-EGFR drugs because of activating mutations in the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Dong
- Cancer Research Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Medical Research Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Leonore de Boer
- Cancer Research Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - M Sharon Stack
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65212, and
| | - John W Lumley
- Wesley Medical Centre, Auchenflower, Queensland 4066, Australia
| | - Judith A Clements
- Cancer Research Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Medical Research Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia,.
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Casar B, He Y, Iconomou M, Hooper JD, Quigley JP, Deryugina EI. Blocking of CDCP1 cleavage in vivo prevents Akt-dependent survival and inhibits metastatic colonization through PARP1-mediated apoptosis of cancer cells. Oncogene 2011; 31:3924-38. [PMID: 22179830 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The CUB domain-containing protein-1 (CDCP1) is a transmembrane molecule that has recently been implicated in cancer progression. In this study we have established a novel mechanism for initiation of CDCP1-mediated signaling in vivo and demonstrated that specific 135→70-kDa processing of cell-surface CDCP1 by extracellular serine proteases is a prerequisite for CDCP1-dependent survival of cancer cells during metastasis. The in vivo cleavage of CDCP1 triggers a survival program involving recruitment of Src and PKCδ, Src-mediated phosphorylation of cell-surface-retained 70-kDa CDCP1, activation of Akt and suppression of PARP1-induced apoptosis. We demonstrate in vivo that phosphorylated Src, PKCδ and Akt all constitute activated elements of a CDCP1-signaling axis during tissue colonization of tumor cells. Preventing in vivo cleavage of CDCP1 with unique anti-CDCP1 antibodies, serine protease inhibitors or genetic modulation of the cleavage site in the CDCP1 molecule completely abrogated survival signaling associated with the 70-kDa CDCP1, and induced PARP1 cleavage and PARP1-mediated apoptosis, ultimately resulting in substantial inhibition of tissue colonization by tumor cells. The lack of CDCP1 cleavage in the lung tissue of plasminogen-knockout mice along with a coordinated reduction in tumor cell survival in a lung retention model, and importantly rescue of both by in vivo supplied plasmin, indicated that plasmin is the crucial serine protease executing in vivo cleavage of cell-surface CDCP1 during early stages of lung colonization. Together, our findings indicate that in vivo blocking of CDCP1 cleavage upstream from CDCP1-induced pro-survival signaling provides a potential mechanism for therapeutic intervention into metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Casar
- The Cell Biology Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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45
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Wortmann A, He Y, Christensen ME, Linn M, Lumley JW, Pollock PM, Waterhouse NJ, Hooper JD. Cellular settings mediating Src Substrate switching between focal adhesion kinase tyrosine 861 and CUB-domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) tyrosine 734. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:42303-42315. [PMID: 21994943 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.227462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Reciprocal interactions between Src family kinases (SFKs) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) are critical during changes in cell attachment. Recently it has been recognized that another SFK substrate, CUB-domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1), is differentially phosphorylated during these events. However, the molecular processes underlying SFK-mediated phosphorylation of CDCP1 are poorly understood. Here we identify a novel mechanism in which FAK tyrosine 861 and CDCP1-Tyr-734 compete as SFK substrates and demonstrate cellular settings in which SFKs switch between these sites. Our results show that stable CDCP1 expression induces robust SFK-mediated phosphorylation of CDCP1-Tyr-734 with concomitant loss of p-FAK-Tyr-861 in adherent HeLa cells. SFK substrate switching in these cells is dependent on the level of expression of CDCP1 and is also dependent on CDCP1-Tyr-734 but is independent of CDCP1-Tyr-743 and -Tyr-762. In HeLa CDCP1 cells, engagement of SFKs with CDCP1 is accompanied by an increase in phosphorylation of Src-Tyr-416 and a change in cell morphology to a fibroblastic appearance dependent on CDCP1-Tyr-734. SFK switching between FAK-Tyr-861 and CDCP1-Tyr-734 also occurs during changes in adhesion of colorectal cancer cell lines endogenously expressing these two proteins. Consistently, increased p-FAK-Tyr-861 levels and a more epithelial morphology are seen in colon cancer SW480 cells silenced for CDCP1. Unlike protein kinase Cδ, FAK does not appear to form a trimeric complex with Src and CDCP1. These data demonstrate novel aspects of the dynamics of SFK-mediated cell signaling that may be relevant during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Wortmann
- Mater Medical Research Institute, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Medical Research Institute, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101
| | - Melinda E Christensen
- Mater Medical Research Institute, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101
| | - MayLa Linn
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059
| | - John W Lumley
- Wesley Medical Centre, Auchenflower, Queensland 4066, Australia
| | - Pamela M Pollock
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059
| | - Nigel J Waterhouse
- Mater Medical Research Institute, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Medical Research Institute, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101.
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46
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Adams MN, Ramachandran R, Yau MK, Suen JY, Fairlie DP, Hollenberg MD, Hooper JD. Structure, function and pathophysiology of protease activated receptors. Pharmacol Ther 2011; 130:248-82. [PMID: 21277892 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Discovered in the 1990s, protease activated receptors(1) (PARs) are membrane-spanning cell surface proteins that belong to the G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family. A defining feature of these receptors is their irreversible activation by proteases; mainly serine. Proteolytic agonists remove the PAR extracellular amino terminal pro-domain to expose a new amino terminus, or tethered ligand, that binds intramolecularly to induce intracellular signal transduction via a number of molecular pathways that regulate a variety of cellular responses. By these mechanisms PARs function as cell surface sensors of extracellular and cell surface associated proteases, contributing extensively to regulation of homeostasis, as well as to dysfunctional responses required for progression of a number of diseases. This review examines common and distinguishing structural features of PARs, mechanisms of receptor activation, trafficking and signal termination, and discusses the physiological and pathological roles of these receptors and emerging approaches for modulating PAR-mediated signaling in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark N Adams
- Mater Medical Research Institute, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane Qld 4101, Australia
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47
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He Y, Wortmann A, Burke LJ, Reid JC, Adams MN, Abdul-Jabbar I, Quigley JP, Leduc R, Kirchhofer D, Hooper JD. Proteolysis-induced N-terminal ectodomain shedding of the integral membrane glycoprotein CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) is accompanied by tyrosine phosphorylation of its C-terminal domain and recruitment of Src and PKCdelta. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:26162-73. [PMID: 20551327 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.096453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CUB-domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) is an integral membrane glycoprotein with potential as a marker and therapeutic target for a number of cancers. Here we examine mechanisms regulating cellular processing of CDCP1. By analyzing cell lines exclusively passaged non-enzymatically and through use of a panel of protease inhibitors, we demonstrate that full-length 135 kDa CDCP1 is post-translationally processed in a range of cell lines by a mechanism involving serine protease activity, generating a C-terminal 70-kDa fragment. Immunopurification and N-terminal sequencing of this cell-retained fragment and detailed mutagenesis, show that proteolytic processing of CDCP1 occurs at two sites, Arg-368 and Lys-369. We show that the serine protease matriptase is an efficient, but not essential, cellular processor of CDCP1 at Arg-368. Importantly, we also demonstrate that proteolysis induces tyrosine phosphorylation of 70-kDa CDCP1 and recruitment of Src and PKCdelta to this fragment. In addition, Western blot and mass spectroscopy analyses show that an N-terminal 65-kDa CDCP1 ectodomain is shed intact from the cell surface. These data provide new insights into mechanisms regulating CDCP1 and suggest that the biological role of this protein and, potentially, its function in cancer, may be mediated by both 70-kDa cell retained and 65-kDa shed fragments, as well as the full-length 135-kDa protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowu He
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia
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48
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Bennett NC, Gardiner RA, Hooper JD, Johnson DW, Gobe GC. Molecular cell biology of androgen receptor signalling. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2009; 42:813-27. [PMID: 19931639 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Revised: 11/12/2009] [Accepted: 11/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The classical action of androgen receptor (AR) is to regulate gene transcriptional processes via AR nuclear translocation, response element binding and recruitment of, or crosstalk with, transcription factors. AR also utilises non-classical, non-genomic mechanisms of signal transduction. These precede gene transcription or protein synthesis, and involve steroid-induced modulation of cytoplasmic or cell membrane-bound regulatory proteins. Despite many decades of investigation, the role of AR in gene regulation of cells and tissues remains only partially characterised. AR exerts most of its effects in sex hormone-dependent tissues of the body, but the receptor is also expressed in many tissues not previously thought to be androgen sensitive. Thus it is likely that a complex, more over-arching, role for AR exists. Each AR domain co-ordinates a multitude of individual and vital roles via a diverse array of interacting partner molecules that are necessary for cellular and tissue development and maintenance. Aberrant AR activity, promoted by mutations or binding partner misregulation, can present as many clinical manifestations including androgen insensitivity syndrome and prostate cancer. In the case of malignant prostate cancer, treatment generally revolves around androgen deprivation therapies designed to interfere with AR action and the androgen signalling axis. Androgen therapies for prostate cancer often fail, highlighting a real need for increased research into AR function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel C Bennett
- Discipline of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Queensland at Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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49
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Wortmann A, He Y, Deryugina EI, Quigley JP, Hooper JD. The cell surface glycoprotein CDCP1 in cancer--insights, opportunities, and challenges. IUBMB Life 2009; 61:723-30. [PMID: 19514048 DOI: 10.1002/iub.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years dysregulated expression of the cell surface glycoprotein CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) has been associated with several cancers and this cell surface molecule has been recognized both as a tumor marker and as a potential target to disrupt progression of cancer. Here we summarize what is known about CDCP1 including its structural features, expression in normal and cancerous tissues, and the in vitro experiments and studies in animal models that have provided the key insights into its potential role in tumor formation and metastasis in humans. We conclude by highlighting opportunities and challenges in targeting CDCP1 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Wortmann
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Life Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
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50
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Deryugina EI, Conn EM, Wortmann A, Partridge JJ, Kupriyanova TA, Ardi VC, Hooper JD, Quigley JP. Functional role of cell surface CUB domain-containing protein 1 in tumor cell dissemination. Mol Cancer Res 2009; 7:1197-211. [PMID: 19671673 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-09-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The function of CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1), a recently described transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of hematopoietic stem cells and normal and malignant cells of different tissue origin, is not well defined. The contribution of CDCP1 to tumor metastasis was analyzed by using HeLa carcinoma cells overexpressing CDCP1 (HeLa-CDCP1) and a high-disseminating variant of prostate carcinoma PC-3 naturally expressing high levels of CDCP1 (PC3-hi/diss). CDCP1 expression rendered HeLa cells more aggressive in experimental metastasis in immunodeficient mice. Metastatic colonization by HeLa-CDCP1 was effectively inhibited with subtractive immunization-generated, CDCP1-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) 41-2, suggesting that CDCP1 facilitates relatively late stages of the metastatic cascade. In the chick embryo model, time- and dose-dependent inhibition of HeLa-CDCP1 colonization by mAb 41-2 was analyzed quantitatively to determine when and where CDCP1 functions during metastasis. Quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical analyses indicated that CDCP1 facilitated tumor cell survival soon after vascular arrest. Live cell imaging showed that the function-blocking mechanism of mAb 41-2 involved enhancement of tumor cell apoptosis, confirmed by attenuation of mAb 41-2-mediated effects with the caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk. Under proapoptotic conditions in vitro, CDCP1 expression conferred HeLa-CDCP1 cells with resistance to doxorubicin-induced apoptosis, whereas ligation of CDCP1 with mAb 41-2 caused additional enhancement of the apoptotic response. The functional role of naturally expressed CDCP1 was shown by mAb 41-2-mediated inhibition of both experimental and spontaneous metastasis of PC3-hi/diss. These findings confirm that CDCP1 functions as an antiapoptotic molecule and indicate that during metastasis CDCP1 facilitates tumor cell survival likely during or soon after extravasation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena I Deryugina
- Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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