1
|
Huang L, Bertram L, Ma L, Goff N, Crane SW, Odate A, Northey T, Carrascosa AM, Simmermacher M, Muvva SB, Geiser JD, Lueckheide MJ, Phelps Z, Liang M, Cheng X, Forbes R, Robinson JS, Hayes MJ, Allum F, Green AE, Lopata K, Rudenko A, Wolf TJA, Centurion M, Rolles D, Minitti MP, Kirrander A, Weber PM. The Ring-Closing Reaction of Cyclopentadiene Probed with Ultrafast X-ray Scattering. J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 38709555 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c02509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The dynamics of cyclopentadiene (CP) following optical excitation at 243 nm was investigated by time-resolved pump-probe X-ray scattering using 16.2 keV X-rays at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). We present the first ultrafast structural evidence that the reaction leads directly to the formation of bicyclo[2.1.0]pentene (BP), a strained molecule with three- and four-membered rings. The bicyclic compound decays via a thermal backreaction to the vibrationally hot CP with a time constant of 21 ± 3 ps. A minor channel leads to ring-opened structures on a subpicosecond time scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Lauren Bertram
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Lingyu Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Nathan Goff
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Stuart W Crane
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Asami Odate
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Thomas Northey
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Andrés Moreno Carrascosa
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Mats Simmermacher
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sri Bhavya Muvva
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Joseph D Geiser
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Matthew J Lueckheide
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Zane Phelps
- Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Mengning Liang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Xinxin Cheng
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Ruaridh Forbes
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Joseph S Robinson
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Matthew J Hayes
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Felix Allum
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Alice E Green
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- European XFEL, Schenefeld 22869, Germany
| | - Kenneth Lopata
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Artem Rudenko
- Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Thomas J A Wolf
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Martin Centurion
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Daniel Rolles
- Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Michael P Minitti
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Adam Kirrander
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Peter M Weber
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sopena Moros A, Li S, Li K, Doumy G, Southworth SH, Otolski C, Schaller RD, Kumagai Y, Rubensson JE, Simon M, Dakovski G, Kunnus K, Robinson JS, Hampton CY, Hoffman DJ, Koralek J, Loh ZH, Santra R, Inhester L, Young L. Tracking Cavity Formation in Electron Solvation: Insights from X-ray Spectroscopy and Theory. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3262-3269. [PMID: 38270463 PMCID: PMC10859959 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
We present time-resolved X-ray absorption spectra of ionized liquid water and demonstrate that OH radicals, H3O+ ions, and solvated electrons all leave distinct X-ray-spectroscopic signatures. Particularly, this allows us to characterize the electron solvation process through a tool that focuses on the electronic response of oxygen atoms in the immediate vicinity of a solvated electron. Our experimental results, supported by ab initio calculations, confirm the formation of a cavity in which the solvated electron is trapped. We show that the solvation dynamics are governed by the magnitude of the random structural fluctuations present in water. As a consequence, the solvation time is highly sensitive to temperature and to the specific way the electron is injected into water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Sopena Moros
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Shuai Li
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Kai Li
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Physics and James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Gilles Doumy
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Stephen H Southworth
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Christopher Otolski
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Richard D Schaller
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinous 60439, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 N. Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yoshiaki Kumagai
- Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Jan-Erik Rubensson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, Uppsala SE-75120, Sweden
| | - Marc Simon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris F-75005, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jake Koralek
- LCLS, SLAC, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Zhi-Heng Loh
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, and School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Notkestraße 9, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Ludger Inhester
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Linda Young
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Physics and James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yong H, Xu X, Ruddock JM, Stankus B, Carrascosa AM, Zotev N, Bellshaw D, Du W, Goff N, Chang Y, Boutet S, Carbajo S, Koglin JE, Liang M, Robinson JS, Kirrander A, Minitti MP, Weber PM. Ultrafast X-ray scattering offers a structural view of excited-state charge transfer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2021714118. [PMID: 33947814 PMCID: PMC8126834 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2021714118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramolecular charge transfer and the associated changes in molecular structure in N,N'-dimethylpiperazine are tracked using femtosecond gas-phase X-ray scattering. The molecules are optically excited to the 3p state at 200 nm. Following rapid relaxation to the 3s state, distinct charge-localized and charge-delocalized species related by charge transfer are observed. The experiment determines the molecular structure of the two species, with the redistribution of electron density accounted for by a scattering correction factor. The initially dominant charge-localized state has a weakened carbon-carbon bond and reorients one methyl group compared with the ground state. Subsequent charge transfer to the charge-delocalized state elongates the carbon-carbon bond further, creating an extended 1.634 Å bond, and also reorients the second methyl group. At the same time, the bond lengths between the nitrogen and the ring-carbon atoms contract from an average of 1.505 to 1.465 Å. The experiment determines the overall charge transfer time constant for approaching the equilibrium between charge-localized and charge-delocalized species to 3.0 ps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiwang Yong
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Xuan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | | | - Brian Stankus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Western Connecticut State University, Danbury, CT 06810
| | | | - Nikola Zotev
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
- Center for Science at Extreme Conditions, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Darren Bellshaw
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
- Center for Science at Extreme Conditions, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Wenpeng Du
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Nathan Goff
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Sébastien Boutet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Sergio Carbajo
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Jason E Koglin
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Mengning Liang
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Joseph S Robinson
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Adam Kirrander
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom;
- Center for Science at Extreme Conditions, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P Minitti
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Peter M Weber
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Droste S, Zohar S, Shen L, White VE, Diaz-Jacobo E, Coffee RN, Reid AH, Tavella F, Minitti MP, Turner JJ, Robinson JS, Fry AR, Coslovich G. High-sensitivity x-ray/optical cross-correlator for next generation free-electron lasers. Opt Express 2020; 28:23545-23553. [PMID: 32752349 DOI: 10.1364/oe.398048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We design and realize an arrival time diagnostic for ultrashort X-ray pulses achieving unprecedented high sensitivity in the soft X-ray regime via cross-correlation with a ≈1550 nm optical laser. An interferometric detection scheme is combined with a multi-layer sample design to greatly improve the sensitivity of the measurement. We achieve up to 275% of relative signal change when exposed to 1.6 mJ/cm2 of soft X-rays at 530 eV, more than a hundred-fold improvement in sensitivity as compared to previously reported techniques. The resolution of the arrival time measurement is estimated to around 2.8 fs (rms). The demonstrated X-ray arrival time monitor paves the way for sub-10 fs-level timing jitter at high repetition rate X-ray facilities.
Collapse
|
5
|
Windeler MKR, Mecseki K, Miahnahri A, Robinson JS, Fraser JM, Fry AR, Tavella F. 100 W high-repetition-rate near-infrared optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier. Opt Lett 2019; 44:4287-4290. [PMID: 31465384 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.004287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
New high-repetition-rate x-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) require for their operation highly reliable ultrafast laser systems with high pulse energy, high repetition rate, and high average power. In this Letter, we present high-average-power scaling of near-infrared optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) in potassium titanyl arsenate (KTA) with tunable center wavelengths from 1.5 to 2.0 μm. Using a three-stage amplification scheme and a kW-level InnoSlab Yb:YAG pump amplifier for the final non-collinear KTA stage, we demonstrate an amplified output power of 106.2 W at a center wavelength of 1.75 μm and 100 kHz. Idler absorption introduces a potential upper limit on the average power scaling of center wavelengths <1.70 μm. Future scaling of average power to hundreds of Watts is possible at center wavelengths ≥1.70 μm.
Collapse
|
6
|
Ruddock JM, Yong H, Stankus B, Du W, Goff N, Chang Y, Odate A, Carrascosa AM, Bellshaw D, Zotev N, Liang M, Carbajo S, Koglin J, Robinson JS, Boutet S, Kirrander A, Minitti MP, Weber PM. A deep UV trigger for ground-state ring-opening dynamics of 1,3-cyclohexadiene. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaax6625. [PMID: 31523713 PMCID: PMC6731073 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax6625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We explore the photo-induced kinetics of 1,3-cyclohexadiene upon excitation at 200 nm to the 3p state by ultrafast time-resolved, gas-phase x-ray scattering using the Linac Coherent Light Source. Analysis of the scattering anisotropy reveals that the excitation leads to the 3px and 3py Rydberg electronic states, which relax to the ground state with a time constant of 208 ± 11 fs. In contrast to the well-studied 266 nm excitation, at 200 nm the majority of the molecules (76 ± 3%) relax to vibrationally hot cyclohexadiene in the ground electronic state. A subsequent reaction on the ground electronic state surface leads from the hot cyclohexadiene to 1,3,5-hexatriene, with rates for the forward and backward reactions of 174 ± 13 and 355 ± 45 ps, respectively. The scattering pattern of the final hexatriene product reveals a thermal distribution of rotamers about the carbon-carbon single bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Ruddock
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook St., Providence, RI 02912, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Haiwang Yong
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook St., Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Brian Stankus
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook St., Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Wenpeng Du
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook St., Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Nathan Goff
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook St., Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook St., Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Asami Odate
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook St., Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Andrés Moreno Carrascosa
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Darren Bellshaw
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Nikola Zotev
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Mengning Liang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sergio Carbajo
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jason Koglin
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Joseph S. Robinson
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sébastien Boutet
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Adam Kirrander
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Michael P. Minitti
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Corresponding author. (P.M.W.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Peter M. Weber
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook St., Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Corresponding author. (P.M.W.); (M.P.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yong H, Ruddock JM, Stankus B, Ma L, Du W, Goff N, Chang Y, Zotev N, Bellshaw D, Boutet S, Carbajo S, Koglin JE, Liang M, Robinson JS, Kirrander A, Minitti MP, Weber PM. Scattering off molecules far from equilibrium. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:084301. [PMID: 31470697 DOI: 10.1063/1.5111979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pump-probe gas phase X-ray scattering experiments, enabled by the development of X-ray free electron lasers, have advanced to reveal scattering patterns of molecules far from their equilibrium geometry. While dynamic displacements reflecting the motion of wavepackets can probe deeply into the reaction dynamics, in many systems, the thermal excitation embedded in the molecules upon optical excitation and energy randomization can create systems that encompass structures far from the ground state geometry. For polyatomic molecular systems, large amplitude vibrational motions are associated with anharmonicity and shifts of interatomic distances, making analytical solutions using traditional harmonic approximations inapplicable. More generally, the interatomic distances in a polyatomic molecule are not independent and the traditional equations commonly used to interpret the data may give unphysical results. Here, we introduce a novel method based on molecular dynamic trajectories and illustrate it on two examples of hot, vibrating molecules at thermal equilibrium. When excited at 200 nm, 1,3-cyclohexadiene (CHD) relaxes on a subpicosecond time scale back to the reactant molecule, the dominant pathway, and to various forms of 1,3,5-hexatriene (HT). With internal energies of about 6 eV, the energy thermalizes quickly, leading to structure distributions that deviate significantly from their vibrationless equilibrium. The experimental and theoretical results are in excellent agreement and reveal that a significant contribution to the scattering signal arises from transition state structures near the inversion barrier of CHD. In HT, our analysis clarifies that previous inconsistent structural parameters determined by electron diffraction were artifacts that might have resulted from the use of inapplicable analytical equations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiwang Yong
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Jennifer M Ruddock
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Brian Stankus
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Lingyu Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Wenpeng Du
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Nathan Goff
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Nikola Zotev
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Darren Bellshaw
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Sébastien Boutet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Sergio Carbajo
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Jason E Koglin
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Mengning Liang
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Joseph S Robinson
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Adam Kirrander
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P Minitti
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Peter M Weber
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mecseki K, Windeler MKR, Miahnahri A, Robinson JS, Fraser JM, Fry AR, Tavella F. High average power 88 W OPCPA system for high-repetition-rate experiments at the LCLS x-ray free-electron laser. Opt Lett 2019; 44:1257-1260. [PMID: 30821762 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.001257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a 100 kHz, sub-20 fs optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier (OPCPA) system delivering 88.6 W average power at a center wavelength of 800 nm. The seed pulses are derived from the pump laser via white-light continuum generation and are amplified in three non-collinear OPCPA stages. The final two high-power stages are pumped with a 661 W Yb:YAG InnoSlab amplifier. A simple and robust design is used for the OPCPA system to avoid thermal effects and enhance long-term stability, resulting in excellent beam quality and high conversion efficiency. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest average power OPCPA system reported to date.
Collapse
|
9
|
Yong H, Zotev N, Stankus B, Ruddock JM, Bellshaw D, Boutet S, Lane TJ, Liang M, Carbajo S, Robinson JS, Du W, Goff N, Chang Y, Koglin JE, Waters MDJ, Sølling TI, Minitti MP, Kirrander A, Weber PM. Determining Orientations of Optical Transition Dipole Moments Using Ultrafast X-ray Scattering. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:6556-6562. [PMID: 30380873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Identification of the initially prepared, optically active state remains a challenging problem in many studies of ultrafast photoinduced processes. We show that the initially excited electronic state can be determined using the anisotropic component of ultrafast time-resolved X-ray scattering signals. The concept is demonstrated using the time-dependent X-ray scattering of N-methyl morpholine in the gas phase upon excitation by a 200 nm linearly polarized optical pulse. Analysis of the angular dependence of the scattering signal near time zero renders the orientation of the transition dipole moment in the molecular frame and identifies the initially excited state as the 3p z Rydberg state, thus bypassing the need for further experimental studies to determine the starting point of the photoinduced dynamics and clarifying inconsistent computational results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiwang Yong
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Nikola Zotev
- School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH9 3FJ , United Kingdom
| | - Brian Stankus
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Jennifer M Ruddock
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Darren Bellshaw
- School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH9 3FJ , United Kingdom
| | - Sébastien Boutet
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Thomas J Lane
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Mengning Liang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Sergio Carbajo
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Joseph S Robinson
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Wenpeng Du
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Nathan Goff
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Jason E Koglin
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Max D J Waters
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Theis I Sølling
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Michael P Minitti
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Adam Kirrander
- School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH9 3FJ , United Kingdom
| | - Peter M Weber
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Awel S, Kirian RA, Wiedorn MO, Beyerlein KR, Roth N, Horke DA, Oberthür D, Knoska J, Mariani V, Morgan A, Adriano L, Tolstikova A, Xavier PL, Yefanov O, Aquila A, Barty A, Roy-Chowdhury S, Hunter MS, James D, Robinson JS, Weierstall U, Rode AV, Bajt S, Küpper J, Chapman HN. Femtosecond X-ray diffraction from an aerosolized beam of protein nanocrystals. J Appl Crystallogr 2018; 51:133-139. [PMID: 29507547 PMCID: PMC5822990 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576717018131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
High-resolution Bragg diffraction from aerosolized single granulovirus nanocrystals using an X-ray free-electron laser is demonstrated. The outer dimensions of the in-vacuum aerosol injector components are identical to conventional liquid-microjet nozzles used in serial diffraction experiments, which allows the injector to be utilized with standard mountings. As compared with liquid-jet injection, the X-ray scattering background is reduced by several orders of magnitude by the use of helium carrier gas rather than liquid. Such reduction is required for diffraction measurements of small macromolecular nanocrystals and single particles. High particle speeds are achieved, making the approach suitable for use at upcoming high-repetition-rate facilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salah Awel
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Max O. Wiedorn
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth R. Beyerlein
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nils Roth
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel A. Horke
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Oberthür
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Juraj Knoska
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Valerio Mariani
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrew Morgan
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Luigi Adriano
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Tolstikova
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - P. Lourdu Xavier
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Max-Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oleksandr Yefanov
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrew Aquila
- Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Anton Barty
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Mark S. Hunter
- Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Joseph S. Robinson
- Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Andrei V. Rode
- Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, ACT 2601, Canberra, Australia
| | - Saša Bajt
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Küpper
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henry N. Chapman
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Langner MC, Roy S, Huang SW, Koralek JD, Chuang YD, Dakovski GL, Turner JJ, Robinson JS, Coffee RN, Minitti MP, Seki S, Tokura Y, Schoenlein RW. Nonlinear Ultrafast Spin Scattering in the Skyrmion Phase of Cu_{2}OSeO_{3}. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:107204. [PMID: 28949160 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.107204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast x-ray scattering studies of the topological Skyrmion phase in Cu_{2}OSeO_{3} show the dynamics to be strongly dependent on the excitation energy and fluence. At high photon energies, where the electron-spin scattering cross section is relatively high, the excitation of the topological Skyrmion phase shows a nonlinear dependence on the excitation fluence, in contrast to the excitation of the conical phase which is linearly dependent on the excitation fluence. The excitation of the Skyrmion order parameter is nonlinear in the magnetic excitation resulting from scattering during electron-hole recombination, indicating different dominant scattering processes in the conical and Skyrmion phases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Langner
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Roy
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley California 94720, USA
| | - S W Huang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley California 94720, USA
| | - J D Koralek
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Y-D Chuang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley California 94720, USA
| | - G L Dakovski
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J J Turner
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J S Robinson
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R N Coffee
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M P Minitti
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Seki
- RIKEN, Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako 351-0198, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Y Tokura
- RIKEN, Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - R W Schoenlein
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kjær KS, Zhang W, Alonso-Mori R, Bergmann U, Chollet M, Hadt RG, Hartsock RW, Harlang T, Kroll T, Kubiček K, Lemke HT, Liang HW, Liu Y, Nielsen MM, Robinson JS, Solomon EI, Sokaras D, van Driel TB, Weng TC, Zhu D, Persson P, Wärnmark K, Sundström V, Gaffney KJ. Ligand manipulation of charge transfer excited state relaxation and spin crossover in [Fe(2,2'-bipyridine) 2(CN) 2]. Struct Dyn 2017; 4:044030. [PMID: 28653021 PMCID: PMC5461172 DOI: 10.1063/1.4985017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We have used femtosecond resolution UV-visible and Kβ x-ray emission spectroscopy to characterize the electronic excited state dynamics of [Fe(bpy)2(CN)2], where bpy=2,2'-bipyridine, initiated by metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excitation. The excited-state absorption in the transient UV-visible spectra, associated with the 2,2'-bipyridine radical anion, provides a robust marker for the MLCT excited state, while the transient Kβ x-ray emission spectra provide a clear measure of intermediate and high spin metal-centered excited states. From these measurements, we conclude that the MLCT state of [Fe(bpy)2(CN)2] undergoes ultrafast spin crossover to a metal-centered quintet excited state through a short lived metal-centered triplet transient species. These measurements of [Fe(bpy)2(CN)2] complement prior measurement performed on [Fe(bpy)3]2+ and [Fe(bpy)(CN)4]2- in dimethylsulfoxide solution and help complete the chemical series [Fe(bpy)N(CN)6-2N]2N-4, where N = 1-3. The measurements confirm that simple ligand modifications can significantly change the relaxation pathways and excited state lifetimes and support the further investigation of light harvesting and photocatalytic applications of 3d transition metal complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Matthieu Chollet
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Ryan G Hadt
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Henrik T Lemke
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | - Yizhu Liu
- Division of Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Martin M Nielsen
- Centre for Molecular Movies, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Joseph S Robinson
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | | | - Diling Zhu
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Petter Persson
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Wärnmark
- Center for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Villy Sundström
- Division of Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu X, Tan LZ, Shen X, Hu T, Miyata K, Trinh MT, Li R, Coffee R, Liu S, Egger DA, Makasyuk I, Zheng Q, Fry A, Robinson JS, Smith MD, Guzelturk B, Karunadasa HI, Wang X, Zhu X, Kronik L, Rappe AM, Lindenberg AM. Light-induced picosecond rotational disordering of the inorganic sublattice in hybrid perovskites. Sci Adv 2017; 3:e1602388. [PMID: 28782016 PMCID: PMC5529057 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1602388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond resolution electron scattering techniques are applied to resolve the first atomic-scale steps following absorption of a photon in the prototypical hybrid perovskite methylammonium lead iodide. Following above-gap photoexcitation, we directly resolve the transfer of energy from hot carriers to the lattice by recording changes in the mean square atomic displacements on 10-ps time scales. Measurements of the time-dependent pair distribution function show an unexpected broadening of the iodine-iodine correlation function while preserving the Pb-I distance. This indicates the formation of a rotationally disordered halide octahedral structure developing on picosecond time scales. This work shows the important role of light-induced structural deformations within the inorganic sublattice in elucidating the unique optoelectronic functionality exhibited by hybrid perovskites and provides new understanding of hot carrier-lattice interactions, which fundamentally determine solar cell efficiencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Wu
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Liang Z. Tan
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104–6323, USA
| | - Xiaozhe Shen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Te Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kiyoshi Miyata
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - M. Tuan Trinh
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Renkai Li
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Ryan Coffee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Shi Liu
- Extreme Materials Initiative, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC 20015, USA
| | - David A. Egger
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Igor Makasyuk
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Qiang Zheng
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Alan Fry
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Matthew D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Burak Guzelturk
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Xijie Wang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Andrew M. Rappe
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104–6323, USA
| | - Aaron M. Lindenberg
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Adam A, Robison J, Lu J, Jose R, Badran N, Vivas-Buitrago T, Rigamonti D, Sattar A, Omoush O, Hammad M, Dawood M, Maghaslah M, Belcher T, Carson K, Hoffberger J, Jusué Torres I, Foley S, Yasar S, Thai QA, Wemmer J, Klinge P, Al-Mutawa L, Al-Ghamdi H, Carson KA, Asgari M, de Zélicourt D, Kurtcuoglu V, Garnotel S, Salmon S, Balédent O, Lokossou A, Page G, Balardy L, Czosnyka Z, Payoux P, Schmidt EA, Zitoun M, Sevestre MA, Alperin N, Baudracco I, Craven C, Matloob S, Thompson S, Haylock Vize P, Thorne L, Watkins LD, Toma AK, Bechter K, Pong AC, Jugé L, Bilston LE, Cheng S, Bradley W, Hakim F, Ramón JF, Cárdenas MF, Davidson JS, García C, González D, Bermúdez S, Useche N, Mejía JA, Mayorga P, Cruz F, Martinez C, Matiz MC, Vallejo M, Ghotme K, Soto HA, Riveros D, Buitrago A, Mora M, Murcia L, Bermudez S, Cohen D, Dasgupta D, Curtis C, Domínguez L, Remolina AJ, Grijalba MA, Whitehouse KJ, Edwards RJ, Eleftheriou A, Lundin F, Fountas KN, Kapsalaki EZ, Smisson HF, Robinson JS, Fritsch MJ, Arouk W, Garzon M, Kang M, Sandhu K, Baghawatti D, Aquilina K, James G, Thompson D, Gehlen M, Schmid Daners M, Eklund A, Malm J, Gomez D, Guerra M, Jara M, Flores M, Vío K, Moreno I, Rodríguez S, Ortega E, Rodríguez EM, McAllister JP, Guerra MM, Morales DM, Sival D, Jimenez A, Limbrick DD, Ishikawa M, Yamada S, Yamamoto K, Junkkari A, Häyrinen A, Rauramaa T, Sintonen H, Nerg O, Koivisto AM, Roine RP, Viinamäki H, Soininen H, Luikku A, Jääskeläinen JE, Leinonen V, Kehler U, Lilja-Lund O, Kockum K, Larsson EM, Riklund K, Söderström L, Hellström P, Laurell K, Kojoukhova M, Sutela A, Vanninen R, Vanha KI, Timonen M, Rummukainen J, Korhonen V, Helisalmi S, Solje E, Remes AM, Huovinen J, Paananen J, Hiltunen M, Kurki M, Martin B, Loth F, Luciano M, Luikku AJ, Hall A, Herukka SK, Mattila J, Lötjönen J, Alafuzoff I, Jurjević I, Miyajima M, Nakajima M, Murai H, Shin T, Kawaguchi D, Akiba C, Ogino I, Karagiozov K, Arai H, Reis RC, Teixeira MJ, Valêncio CG, da Vigua D, Almeida-Lopes L, Mancini MW, Pinto FCG, Maykot RH, Calia G, Tornai J, Silvestre SSS, Mendes G, Sousa V, Bezerra B, Dutra P, Modesto P, Oliveira MF, Petitto CE, Pulhorn H, Chandran A, McMahon C, Rao AS, Jumaly M, Solomon D, Moghekar A, Relkin N, Hamilton M, Katzen H, Williams M, Bach T, Zuspan S, Holubkov R, Rigamonti A, Clemens G, Sharkey P, Sanyal A, Sankey E, Rigamonti K, Naqvi S, Hung A, Schmidt E, Ory-Magne F, Gantet P, Guenego A, Januel AC, Tall P, Fabre N, Mahieu L, Cognard C, Gray L, Buttner-Ennever JA, Takagi K, Onouchi K, Thompson SD, Thorne LD, Tully HM, Wenger TL, Kukull WA, Doherty D, Dobyns WB, Moran D, Vakili S, Patel MA, Elder B, Goodwin CR, Crawford JA, Pletnikov MV, Xu J, Blitz A, Herzka DA, Guerrero-Cazares H, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Mori S, Saavedra P, Treviño H, Maitani K, Ziai WC, Eslami V, Nekoovaght-Tak S, Dlugash R, Yenokyan G, McBee N, Hanley DF. Abstracts from Hydrocephalus 2016. Fluids Barriers CNS 2017; 14:15. [PMID: 28929972 PMCID: PMC5471936 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-017-0054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Adam
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins Biostatistics Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Robison
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Lu
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R Jose
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Badran
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - T Vivas-Buitrago
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D Rigamonti
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Sattar
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia.,Primary Care, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - O Omoush
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia.,Primary Care, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Hammad
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Dawood
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Maghaslah
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - T Belcher
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - K Carson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Hoffberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - I Jusué Torres
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Foley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - S Yasar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Q A Thai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Wemmer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Klinge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L Al-Mutawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - K A Carson
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Asgari
- The Interface Group, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D de Zélicourt
- The Interface Group, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - V Kurtcuoglu
- The Interface Group, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich and the Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Garnotel
- BioFlowImage Laboratory, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Reims Mathematics Laboratory, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,Image Processing Laboratory, University Hospital of Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France.,BioFlowImage Laboratory, Department of Medical Image Processing, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - S Salmon
- Reims Mathematics Laboratory, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - O Balédent
- BioFlowImage Laboratory, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Image Processing Laboratory, University Hospital of Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France.,BioFlowImage Laboratory, Department of Medical Image Processing, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - A Lokossou
- BioFlowImage Laboratory, Department of Medical Image Processing, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - G Page
- BioFlowImage Laboratory, Department of Medical Image Processing, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - L Balardy
- Department of Geriatric, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Departments of Geriatric, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Department of Geriatry, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Z Czosnyka
- Neurosciences department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Brain Physics Lab, Academic Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P Payoux
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,INSER TONIC 1014, Toulouse Neuroimaging Center, Toulouse, France
| | - E A Schmidt
- UMR 1214-INSERM/UPS-TONIC Toulouse Neuro-Imaging Center, Toulouse, France.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - M Zitoun
- BioFlowImage, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - M A Sevestre
- BioFlowImage, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - N Alperin
- University of Miami Health System, Miami, FL, USA
| | - I Baudracco
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - C Craven
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - S Matloob
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - S Thompson
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - P Haylock Vize
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - L Thorne
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - L D Watkins
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.,The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - A K Toma
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.,The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Karl Bechter
- Department Psychiatry II/Bezirkskliniken, Ulm University, Günzburg, Germany
| | - A C Pong
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - L Jugé
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - L E Bilston
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia.,Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - S Cheng
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia.,Department of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - W Bradley
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - F Hakim
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia.,Neurosurgery Department, Hospital Universitario, Fundación Santafe de Bogota, Bogota, Colombia
| | - J F Ramón
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia.,Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia.,Neurosurgery Department, Hospital Universitario, Fundación Santafe de Bogota, Bogota, Colombia
| | - M F Cárdenas
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - J S Davidson
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - C García
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D González
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - S Bermúdez
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Neuroradiology, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - N Useche
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Neuroradiology, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - J A Mejía
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - P Mayorga
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - F Cruz
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - C Martinez
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - M C Matiz
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - M Vallejo
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - K Ghotme
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - H A Soto
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D Riveros
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - A Buitrago
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - M Mora
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - L Murcia
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - S Bermudez
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D Cohen
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D Dasgupta
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - C Curtis
- Department of Microbiology, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - L Domínguez
- Neurosurgery Department, Cartagena University, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - A J Remolina
- Neurosurgery Department, Cartagena University, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - M A Grijalba
- Neurosurgery Department, Cartagena University, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - K J Whitehouse
- Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
| | - R J Edwards
- Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
| | - A Eleftheriou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - F Lundin
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKE), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - K N Fountas
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larisa, Greece
| | - E Z Kapsalaki
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larisa, Greece
| | - H F Smisson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Georgia Neurosurgical Institute, Macon, GA, USA
| | - J S Robinson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Georgia Neurosurgical Institute, Macon, GA, USA
| | - M J Fritsch
- Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Klinikum, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - W Arouk
- Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Klinikum, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - M Garzon
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Kang
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - K Sandhu
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - K Aquilina
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - G James
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - D Thompson
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Gehlen
- Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Schmid Daners
- Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Eklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - J Malm
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - D Gomez
- Neurosurgery Department, Hospital Universitario, Fundación Santafe de Bogota, Bogota, Colombia
| | - M Guerra
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - M Jara
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - M Flores
- Laboratorio de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - K Vío
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - I Moreno
- Laboratorio de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - S Rodríguez
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - E Ortega
- Instituto de Neurociencias Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - E M Rodríguez
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile.,Instituto de Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - J P McAllister
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - M M Guerra
- Instituto de Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - D M Morales
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - D Sival
- Department of Pediatrics Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Jimenez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - D D Limbrick
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - M Ishikawa
- Rakuwa Villa Ilios, Kyoto, Japan.,Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Yamada
- Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Junkkari
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Häyrinen
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - T Rauramaa
- Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Pathology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Sintonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - O Nerg
- Neurology of NeuroCenter, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A M Koivisto
- Neurology of NeuroCenter, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - R P Roine
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Finland and Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital DistrictGroup Administration, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H Viinamäki
- Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Soininen
- Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Luikku
- Neurology of NeuroCenter, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J E Jääskeläinen
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - V Leinonen
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - U Kehler
- Neurosurgical Department, Asklepios Klinik Hamburg Altona, Hamburg, Germany
| | - O Lilja-Lund
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology, Östersund, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - K Kockum
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology, Östersund, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - E M Larsson
- Department of Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - K Riklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - L Söderström
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology, Östersund, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - P Hellström
- Hydrocephalus Research Unit, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Laurell
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology, Östersund, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M Kojoukhova
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Sutela
- Department of Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - R Vanninen
- Department of Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - K I Vanha
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Timonen
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Rummukainen
- Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - V Korhonen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S Helisalmi
- Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - E Solje
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A M Remes
- Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Huovinen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Paananen
- Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Hiltunen
- Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Kurki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute for Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - B Martin
- Biological Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - F Loth
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - M Luciano
- Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A J Luikku
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Hall
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S K Herukka
- Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Mattila
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tampere, Finland.,Combinostics Ltd, Tampere, Finland
| | - J Lötjönen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tampere, Finland.,Combinostics Ltd, Tampere, Finland
| | - I Alafuzoff
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Pathology and Cytology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I Jurjević
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology and Department of Neurology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Miyajima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Nakajima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Murai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Shin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - D Kawaguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - C Akiba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - I Ogino
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Karagiozov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Arai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R C Reis
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M J Teixeira
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C G Valêncio
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D da Vigua
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L Almeida-Lopes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Ensino de Fototerapia nas Ciências da Saúde (NUPEN), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - M W Mancini
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Ensino de Fototerapia nas Ciências da Saúde (NUPEN), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - F C G Pinto
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R H Maykot
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G Calia
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Tornai
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S S S Silvestre
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G Mendes
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - V Sousa
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - B Bezerra
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P Dutra
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P Modesto
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M F Oliveira
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C E Petitto
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H Pulhorn
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Chandran
- Department of Neuroradiology, The Walton Centre, Liverpool, UK
| | - C McMahon
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre, Liverpool, UK
| | - A S Rao
- The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Jumaly
- The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D Solomon
- The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Moghekar
- The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - N Relkin
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Hamilton
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - H Katzen
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - M Williams
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - T Bach
- Utah Data Collection Center (DCC), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - S Zuspan
- Utah Data Collection Center (DCC), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - R Holubkov
- Utah Data Collection Center (DCC), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - G Clemens
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Sharkey
- School of Business, Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Sanyal
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - E Sankey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K Rigamonti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Naqvi
- Primary Care, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Abqaiq, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Hung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - E Schmidt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - F Ory-Magne
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,INSER TONIC 1014, Toulouse Neuroimaging Center, Toulouse, France
| | - P Gantet
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - A Guenego
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - A C Januel
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - P Tall
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - N Fabre
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - L Mahieu
- Department of Ophtalmology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - C Cognard
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - L Gray
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - K Takagi
- Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Kashiwa-Tanaka Hospital, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - K Onouchi
- Department of Neurology, Kashiwa-Tanaka Hospital, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - S D Thompson
- The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - L D Thorne
- The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - H M Tully
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - T L Wenger
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - W A Kukull
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D Doherty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - W B Dobyns
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D Moran
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Vakili
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M A Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - B Elder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C R Goodwin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J A Crawford
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M V Pletnikov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Xu
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging at the Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Blitz
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D A Herzka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H Guerrero-Cazares
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Quiñones-Hinojosa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Mori
- Department of Radiology-Magnetic Resonance Research, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Saavedra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H Treviño
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K Maitani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - W C Ziai
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - V Eslami
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Nekoovaght-Tak
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R Dlugash
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - G Yenokyan
- Department of Biostatistics, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - N McBee
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D F Hanley
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang W, Kjær KS, Alonso-Mori R, Bergmann U, Chollet M, Fredin LA, Hadt RG, Hartsock RW, Harlang T, Kroll T, Kubiček K, Lemke HT, Liang HW, Liu Y, Nielsen MM, Persson P, Robinson JS, Solomon EI, Sun Z, Sokaras D, van Driel TB, Weng TC, Zhu D, Wärnmark K, Sundström V, Gaffney KJ. Manipulating charge transfer excited state relaxation and spin crossover in iron coordination complexes with ligand substitution. Chem Sci 2016; 8:515-523. [PMID: 28451198 PMCID: PMC5341207 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc03070j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical and X-ray free-electron laser measurements reveal ligand substitution in an Fe(ii)-centered complex extends its MLCT lifetime.
Developing light-harvesting and photocatalytic molecules made with iron could provide a cost effective, scalable, and environmentally benign path for solar energy conversion. To date these developments have been limited by the sub-picosecond metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) electronic excited state lifetime of iron based complexes due to spin crossover – the extremely fast intersystem crossing and internal conversion to high spin metal-centered excited states. We revitalize a 30 year old synthetic strategy for extending the MLCT excited state lifetimes of iron complexes by making mixed ligand iron complexes with four cyanide (CN–) ligands and one 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) ligand. This enables MLCT excited state and metal-centered excited state energies to be manipulated with partial independence and provides a path to suppressing spin crossover. We have combined X-ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL) Kβ hard X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy with femtosecond time-resolved UV-visible absorption spectroscopy to characterize the electronic excited state dynamics initiated by MLCT excitation of [Fe(CN)4(bpy)]2–. The two experimental techniques are highly complementary; the time-resolved UV-visible measurement probes allowed electronic transitions between valence states making it sensitive to ligand-centered electronic states such as MLCT states, whereas the Kβ fluorescence spectroscopy provides a sensitive measure of changes in the Fe spin state characteristic of metal-centered excited states. We conclude that the MLCT excited state of [Fe(CN)4(bpy)]2– decays with roughly a 20 ps lifetime without undergoing spin crossover, exceeding the MLCT excited state lifetime of [Fe(2,2′-bipyridine)3]2+ by more than two orders of magnitude.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Zhang
- PULSE Institute , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Stanford University , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA . ;
| | - Kasper S Kjær
- PULSE Institute , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Stanford University , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA . ; .,Department of Chemical Physics , Lund University , P.O. Box 12 4 , 22100 Lund , Sweden.,Centre for Molecular Movies , Department of Physics , Technical University of Denmark , DK-2800 , Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- LCLS , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- PULSE Institute , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Stanford University , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA . ; .,LCLS , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA
| | - Matthieu Chollet
- LCLS , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA
| | - Lisa A Fredin
- Theoretical Chemistry Division , Lund University , P.O. Box 124 , 22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Ryan G Hadt
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , USA
| | - Robert W Hartsock
- PULSE Institute , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Stanford University , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA . ; .,Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , USA
| | - Tobias Harlang
- Department of Chemical Physics , Lund University , P.O. Box 12 4 , 22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Thomas Kroll
- LCLS , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA.,Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , USA
| | - Katharina Kubiček
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry , 37077 , Göttingen , Germany
| | - Henrik T Lemke
- LCLS , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA
| | - Huiyang W Liang
- PULSE Institute , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Stanford University , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA . ; .,LCLS , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA
| | - Yizhu Liu
- Department of Chemical Physics , Lund University , P.O. Box 12 4 , 22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Martin M Nielsen
- Centre for Molecular Movies , Department of Physics , Technical University of Denmark , DK-2800 , Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Petter Persson
- Theoretical Chemistry Division , Lund University , P.O. Box 124 , 22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Joseph S Robinson
- LCLS , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA
| | - Edward I Solomon
- LCLS , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA.,Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , USA
| | - Zheng Sun
- PULSE Institute , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Stanford University , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA . ;
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- SSRL , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA
| | - Tim B van Driel
- Centre for Molecular Movies , Department of Physics , Technical University of Denmark , DK-2800 , Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- SSRL , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA
| | - Diling Zhu
- LCLS , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA
| | - Kenneth Wärnmark
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis , Department of Chemistry , Lund University , P.O. Box 124 , 22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Villy Sundström
- Department of Chemical Physics , Lund University , P.O. Box 12 4 , 22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Kelly J Gaffney
- PULSE Institute , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Stanford University , Menlo Park , California 94025 , USA . ;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dodd JM, Deussen AR, Mohamad I, Rifas-Shiman SL, Yelland LN, Louise J, McPhee AJ, Grivell RM, Owens JA, Gillman MW, Robinson JS. The effect of antenatal lifestyle advice for women who are overweight or obese on secondary measures of neonatal body composition: the LIMIT randomised trial. BJOG 2016; 123:244-53. [PMID: 26841217 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of providing antenatal dietary and lifestyle advice on neonatal anthropometry, and to determine the inter-observer variability in obtaining anthropometric measurements. DESIGN Randomised controlled trial. SETTING Public maternity hospitals across metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia. POPULATION Pregnant women with a singleton gestation between 10(+0) and 20(+0) weeks, and body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m(2). METHODS Women were randomised to either Lifestyle Advice (comprehensive dietary and lifestyle intervention over the course of pregnancy including dietary, exercise and behavioural strategies, delivered by a research dietician and research assistants) or continued Standard Care. Analyses were conducted using intention-to-treat principles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Secondary outcome measures for the trial included assessment of infant body composition using body circumference and skinfold thickness measurements (SFTM), percentage body fat, and bio-impedance analysis of fat-free mass. RESULTS Anthropometric measurements were obtained from 970 neonates (488 Lifestyle Advice Group, and 482 Standard Care Group). In 394 of these neonates (215 Lifestyle Advice Group, and 179 Standard Care Group) bio-impedance analysis was also obtained. There were no statistically significant differences identified between those neonates born to women receiving Lifestyle Advice and those receiving Standard Care, in terms of body circumference measures, SFTM, percentage body fat, fat mass, or fat-free mass. The intra-class correlation coefficient for SFTM was moderate to excellent (0.55-0.88). CONCLUSIONS Among neonates born to women who are overweight or obese, anthropometric measures of body composition were not modified by an antenatal dietary and lifestyle intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Dodd
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Women's and Babies Division, Department of Perinatal Medicine, The Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - A R Deussen
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - I Mohamad
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - S L Rifas-Shiman
- Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L N Yelland
- Women's and Children's Health Research Institute, North Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Population Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - J Louise
- School of Population Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - A J McPhee
- Women's and Babies Division, Department of Neonatal Medicine, The Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - R M Grivell
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Women's and Babies Division, Department of Perinatal Medicine, The Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - J A Owens
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - M W Gillman
- Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J S Robinson
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Stan CA, Willmott PR, Stone HA, Koglin JE, Liang M, Aquila AL, Robinson JS, Gumerlock KL, Blaj G, Sierra RG, Boutet S, Guillet SAH, Curtis RH, Vetter SL, Loos H, Turner JL, Decker FJ. Negative Pressures and Spallation in Water Drops Subjected to Nanosecond Shock Waves. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:2055-2062. [PMID: 27182751 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Most experimental studies of cavitation in liquid water at negative pressures reported cavitation at tensions significantly smaller than those expected for homogeneous nucleation, suggesting that achievable tensions are limited by heterogeneous cavitation. We generated tension pulses with nanosecond rise times in water by reflecting cylindrical shock waves, produced by X-ray laser pulses, at the internal surface of drops of water. Depending on the X-ray pulse energy, a range of cavitation phenomena occurred, including the rupture and detachment, or spallation, of thin liquid layers at the surface of the drop. When spallation occurred, we evaluated that negative pressures below -100 MPa were reached in the drops. We model the negative pressures from shock reflection experiments using a nucleation-and-growth model that explains how rapid decompression could outrun heterogeneous cavitation in water, and enable the study of stretched water close to homogeneous cavitation pressures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu A Stan
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Philip R Willmott
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Paul Scherrer Institute , CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Howard A Stone
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Jason E Koglin
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Mengning Liang
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Andrew L Aquila
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Joseph S Robinson
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Karl L Gumerlock
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Gabriel Blaj
- Technology Innovation Directorate, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Raymond G Sierra
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Sébastien Boutet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Serge A H Guillet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Robin H Curtis
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Sharon L Vetter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Henrik Loos
- Accelerator Directorate, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - James L Turner
- Accelerator Directorate, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Franz-Josef Decker
- Accelerator Directorate, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sanoufa M, Smisson W, Floyd H, Robinson JS. The effect of anaemia on hospital length of stay in lumbar decompression and fusion procedures. J Perioper Pract 2016; 25:267-71. [PMID: 26845789 DOI: 10.1177/175045891502501204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Ways of reducing the length of hospital stay have received increased attention in recent years. Both preoperative and postoperative anaemia have been implicated as causative agents in increasing postoperative length of stay (LOS). In a retrospective study, 317 patients that underwent lumbar decompression and fusion surgery were assessed. Two separate block multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of preoperative anaemia, postoperative anaemia, and the degree of perioperative haemoglobin drop on LOS. Other anaemia related factors were also assessed. Preoperative anaemia, postoperative anaemia, and the amount of perioperative haemoglobin drop were all shown to prolong the length of hospitalisation and therefore to increase overall healthcare costs. Following strict anaemia corrective maneuvers could reasonably be expected to reduce expenditure.
Collapse
|
19
|
Ayyer K, Yefanov OM, Oberthuer D, Chowdhury S, Galli L, Mariani V, Basu S, Coe J, Conrad CE, Fromme R, Doerner K, Frank M, James D, Kupitz C, Metz M, Nelson G, Paulraj XL, Beyerlein K, Schmidt M, Sarrou I, Spence JCH, Weierstall U, White TA, Yang J, Zatsepin NA, Zhao Y, Liang M, Aquila A, Hunter MS, Robinson JS, Koglin JE, Boutet S, Fromme P, Barty A, Chapman HN. Improving resolution in serial crystallography. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273315099738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
20
|
Minitti MP, Budarz JM, Kirrander A, Robinson JS, Ratner D, Lane TJ, Zhu D, Glownia JM, Kozina M, Lemke HT, Sikorski M, Feng Y, Nelson S, Saita K, Stankus B, Northey T, Hastings JB, Weber PM. Imaging Molecular Motion: Femtosecond X-Ray Scattering of an Electrocyclic Chemical Reaction. Phys Rev Lett 2015. [PMID: 26197134 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.255501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Structural rearrangements within single molecules occur on ultrafast time scales. Many aspects of molecular dynamics, such as the energy flow through excited states, have been studied using spectroscopic techniques, yet the goal to watch molecules evolve their geometrical structure in real time remains challenging. By mapping nuclear motions using femtosecond x-ray pulses, we have created real-space representations of the evolving dynamics during a well-known chemical reaction and show a series of time-sorted structural snapshots produced by ultrafast time-resolved hard x-ray scattering. A computational analysis optimally matches the series of scattering patterns produced by the x rays to a multitude of potential reaction paths. In so doing, we have made a critical step toward the goal of viewing chemical reactions on femtosecond time scales, opening a new direction in studies of ultrafast chemical reactions in the gas phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M P Minitti
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J M Budarz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Brown University, Department of Chemistry, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - A Kirrander
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - J S Robinson
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D Ratner
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T J Lane
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Stanford University, Department of Chemistry, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D Zhu
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J M Glownia
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Kozina
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - H T Lemke
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Sikorski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Y Feng
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Nelson
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - K Saita
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - B Stankus
- Brown University, Department of Chemistry, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - T Northey
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - J B Hastings
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - P M Weber
- Brown University, Department of Chemistry, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Minitti MP, Robinson JS, Coffee RN, Edstrom S, Gilevich S, Glownia JM, Granados E, Hering P, Hoffmann MC, Miahnahri A, Milathianaki D, Polzin W, Ratner D, Tavella F, Vetter S, Welch M, White WE, Fry AR. Optical laser systems at the Linac Coherent Light Source. J Synchrotron Radiat 2015; 22:526-31. [PMID: 25931064 PMCID: PMC4416671 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577515006244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast optical lasers play an essential role in exploiting the unique capabilities of recently commissioned X-ray free-electron laser facilities such as the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). Pump-probe experimental techniques reveal ultrafast dynamics in atomic and molecular processes and reveal new insights in chemistry, biology, material science and high-energy-density physics. This manuscript describes the laser systems and experimental methods that enable cutting-edge optical laser/X-ray pump-probe experiments to be performed at LCLS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Minitti
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Joseph S. Robinson
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Ryan N. Coffee
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Steve Edstrom
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sasha Gilevich
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - James M. Glownia
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Eduardo Granados
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Philippe Hering
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Matthias C. Hoffmann
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Alan Miahnahri
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Despina Milathianaki
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Wayne Polzin
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Daniel Ratner
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Franz Tavella
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sharon Vetter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Marc Welch
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - William E. White
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Alan R. Fry
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mankowsky R, Subedi A, Först M, Mariager SO, Chollet M, Lemke HT, Robinson JS, Glownia JM, Minitti MP, Frano A, Fechner M, Spaldin NA, Loew T, Keimer B, Georges A, Cavalleri A. Nonlinear lattice dynamics as a basis for enhanced superconductivity in YBa2Cu3O6.5. Nature 2015; 516:71-3. [PMID: 25471882 DOI: 10.1038/nature13875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Terahertz-frequency optical pulses can resonantly drive selected vibrational modes in solids and deform their crystal structures. In complex oxides, this method has been used to melt electronic order, drive insulator-to-metal transitions and induce superconductivity. Strikingly, coherent interlayer transport strongly reminiscent of superconductivity can be transiently induced up to room temperature (300 kelvin) in YBa2Cu3O6+x (refs 9, 10). Here we report the crystal structure of this exotic non-equilibrium state, determined by femtosecond X-ray diffraction and ab initio density functional theory calculations. We find that nonlinear lattice excitation in normal-state YBa2Cu3O6+x at above the transition temperature of 52 kelvin causes a simultaneous increase and decrease in the Cu-O2 intra-bilayer and, respectively, inter-bilayer distances, accompanied by anisotropic changes in the in-plane O-Cu-O bond buckling. Density functional theory calculations indicate that these motions cause drastic changes in the electronic structure. Among these, the enhancement in the character of the in-plane electronic structure is likely to favour superconductivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Mankowsky
- 1] Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [2] University of Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [3] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Subedi
- Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - M Först
- 1] Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [2] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S O Mariager
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - M Chollet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park 94025, California, USA
| | - H T Lemke
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park 94025, California, USA
| | - J S Robinson
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park 94025, California, USA
| | - J M Glownia
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park 94025, California, USA
| | - M P Minitti
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park 94025, California, USA
| | - A Frano
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - M Fechner
- Materials Theory, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - N A Spaldin
- Materials Theory, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - T Loew
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - B Keimer
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - A Georges
- 1] Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France [2] Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France [3] Département de Physique de la Matière Condensée (MaNEP), Université de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - A Cavalleri
- 1] Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [2] University of Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [3] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), 22761 Hamburg, Germany [4] Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Siefermann KR, Pemmaraju CD, Neppl S, Shavorskiy A, Cordones AA, Vura-Weis J, Slaughter DS, Sturm FP, Weise F, Bluhm H, Strader ML, Cho H, Lin MF, Bacellar C, Khurmi C, Guo J, Coslovich G, Robinson JS, Kaindl RA, Schoenlein RW, Belkacem A, Neumark DM, Leone SR, Nordlund D, Ogasawara H, Krupin O, Turner JJ, Schlotter WF, Holmes MR, Messerschmidt M, Minitti MP, Gul S, Zhang JZ, Huse N, Prendergast D, Gessner O. Atomic-Scale Perspective of Ultrafast Charge Transfer at a Dye-Semiconductor Interface. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:2753-9. [PMID: 26277975 DOI: 10.1021/jz501264x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Understanding interfacial charge-transfer processes on the atomic level is crucial to support the rational design of energy-challenge relevant systems such as solar cells, batteries, and photocatalysts. A femtosecond time-resolved core-level photoelectron spectroscopy study is performed that probes the electronic structure of the interface between ruthenium-based N3 dye molecules and ZnO nanocrystals within the first picosecond after photoexcitation and from the unique perspective of the Ru reporter atom at the center of the dye. A transient chemical shift of the Ru 3d inner-shell photolines by (2.3 ± 0.2) eV to higher binding energies is observed 500 fs after photoexcitation of the dye. The experimental results are interpreted with the aid of ab initio calculations using constrained density functional theory. Strong indications for the formation of an interfacial charge-transfer state are presented, providing direct insight into a transient electronic configuration that may limit the efficiency of photoinduced free charge-carrier generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin R Siefermann
- †Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Chaitanya D Pemmaraju
- ‡The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stefan Neppl
- †Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Andrey Shavorskiy
- §Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Amy A Cordones
- ∥Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Josh Vura-Weis
- ∥Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Daniel S Slaughter
- †Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Felix P Sturm
- †Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Fabian Weise
- †Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hendrik Bluhm
- §Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Matthew L Strader
- §Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hana Cho
- §Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ming-Fu Lin
- †Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- ∥Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Camila Bacellar
- †Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- ∥Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Champak Khurmi
- †Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jinghua Guo
- #Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Giacomo Coslovich
- ⊥Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Joseph S Robinson
- ⊥Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- ▽Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Robert A Kaindl
- ⊥Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Robert W Schoenlein
- †Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- ⊥Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ali Belkacem
- †Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Daniel M Neumark
- †Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- ∥Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stephen R Leone
- †Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- ∥Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- ○Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- ◆SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Hirohito Ogasawara
- ◆SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Oleg Krupin
- ▽Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- ¶European XFEL GmbH, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joshua J Turner
- ▽Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - William F Schlotter
- ▽Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Michael R Holmes
- ▽Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Marc Messerschmidt
- ▽Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Michael P Minitti
- ▽Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Sheraz Gul
- #Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- +Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Jin Z Zhang
- +Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Nils Huse
- ■Physics Department, University of Hamburg and Max-Planck Institute for Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Prendergast
- ‡The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Oliver Gessner
- †Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang W, Alonso-Mori R, Bergmann U, Bressler C, Chollet M, Galler A, Gawelda W, Hadt RG, Hartsock RW, Kroll T, Kjær KS, Kubiček K, Lemke HT, Liang HW, Meyer DA, Nielsen MM, Purser C, Robinson JS, Solomon EI, Sun Z, Sokaras D, van Driel TB, Vankó G, Weng TC, Zhu D, Gaffney KJ. Tracking excited-state charge and spin dynamics in iron coordination complexes. Nature 2014; 509:345-8. [PMID: 24805234 DOI: 10.1038/nature13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Crucial to many light-driven processes in transition metal complexes is the absorption and dissipation of energy by 3d electrons. But a detailed understanding of such non-equilibrium excited-state dynamics and their interplay with structural changes is challenging: a multitude of excited states and possible transitions result in phenomena too complex to unravel when faced with the indirect sensitivity of optical spectroscopy to spin dynamics and the flux limitations of ultrafast X-ray sources. Such a situation exists for archetypal polypyridyl iron complexes, such as [Fe(2,2'-bipyridine)3](2+), where the excited-state charge and spin dynamics involved in the transition from a low- to a high-spin state (spin crossover) have long been a source of interest and controversy. Here we demonstrate that femtosecond resolution X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, with its sensitivity to spin state, can elucidate the spin crossover dynamics of [Fe(2,2'-bipyridine)3](2+) on photoinduced metal-to-ligand charge transfer excitation. We are able to track the charge and spin dynamics, and establish the critical role of intermediate spin states in the crossover mechanism. We anticipate that these capabilities will make our method a valuable tool for mapping in unprecedented detail the fundamental electronic excited-state dynamics that underpin many useful light-triggered molecular phenomena involving 3d transition metal complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Zhang
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | - Matthieu Chollet
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | | | - Ryan G Hadt
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Robert W Hartsock
- 1] PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA [2] Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Kasper S Kjær
- 1] Centre for Molecular Movies, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark [2] Centre for Molecular Movies, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Katharina Kubiček
- 1] Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany [2] Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henrik T Lemke
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Huiyang W Liang
- 1] PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA [2] Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Drew A Meyer
- 1] PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA [2] Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Martin M Nielsen
- Centre for Molecular Movies, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Carola Purser
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Joseph S Robinson
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Edward I Solomon
- 1] Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA [2] SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Zheng Sun
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Tim B van Driel
- Centre for Molecular Movies, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - György Vankó
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Diling Zhu
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Kelly J Gaffney
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cyna AM, Crowther CA, Robinson JS, Andrew MI, Antoniou G, Baghurst P. Hypnosis antenatal training for childbirth: a randomised controlled trial. BJOG 2013; 120:1248-59; discussion 1256-7. [PMID: 23834406 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the use of pharmacologic analgesia during childbirth when antenatal hypnosis is added to standard care. DESIGN Randomised controlled clinical trial, conducted from December 2005 to December 2010. SETTING The largest tertiary referral centre for maternity care in South Australia. POPULATION A cohort of 448 women at >34 weeks of gestation, with a singleton pregnancy and cephalic presentation, planning a vaginal birth. Exclusions were: the need for an interpreter; pre-existing pain; psychiatric illness; younger than 18 years; and previous experience of hypnosis for childbirth. METHODS All participants received usual care. The group of women termed Hypnosis + CD (hypnotherapist guided) were offered three antenatal live hypnosis sessions plus each session's corresponding audio CD for further practise, as well as a final fourth CD to listen to during labour. The group of women termed CD only (nurse administered) were played the same antenatal hypnosis CDs as group 1, but did not receive live hypnosis training. The control group participants were given no additional intervention or CDs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Use of pharmacological analgesia during labour and childbirth. RESULTS No difference in the use of pharmacological analgesia during labour and childbirth was found comparing hypnosis + CD with control (81.2 versus 76.2%; relative risk, RR 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI 0.95-1.20), or comparing CD only with control (76.9 versus 76.2%, RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.89-1.15). CONCLUSIONS Antenatal group hypnosis using the Hypnosis Antenatal Training for Childbirth (HATCh) intervention in late pregnancy does not reduce the use of pharmacological analgesia during labour and childbirth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Cyna
- Department of Women's Anaesthesia, Women's & Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chuang YD, Lee WS, Kung YF, Sorini AP, Moritz B, Moore RG, Patthey L, Trigo M, Lu DH, Kirchmann PS, Yi M, Krupin O, Langner M, Zhu Y, Zhou SY, Reis DA, Huse N, Robinson JS, Kaindl RA, Schoenlein RW, Johnson SL, Först M, Doering D, Denes P, Schlotter WF, Turner JJ, Sasagawa T, Hussain Z, Shen ZX, Devereaux TP. Real-time manifestation of strongly coupled spin and charge order parameters in stripe-ordered La(1.75)Sr(0.25)NiO(4) nickelate crystals using time-resolved resonant x-ray diffraction. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:127404. [PMID: 25166848 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.127404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the order parameter dynamics of the stripe-ordered nickelate, La(1.75)Sr(0.25)NiO(4), using time-resolved resonant x-ray diffraction. In spite of distinct spin and charge energy scales, the two order parameters' amplitude dynamics are found to be linked together due to strong coupling. Additionally, the vector nature of the spin sector introduces a longer reorientation time scale which is absent in the charge sector. These findings demonstrate that the correlation linking the symmetry-broken states does not unbind during the nonequilibrium process, and the time scales are not necessarily associated with the characteristic energy scales of individual degrees of freedom.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y D Chuang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W S Lee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Y F Kung
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A P Sorini
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA and Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - B Moritz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA and Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA and Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - R G Moore
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - L Patthey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA and Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Trigo
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford PULSE Institute, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D H Lu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - P S Kirchmann
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Yi
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - O Krupin
- European XFEL GmbH, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - M Langner
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Zhu
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Y Zhou
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D A Reis
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford PULSE Institute, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - N Huse
- Max-Planck Department for Structural Dynamics, Center for Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - J S Robinson
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - R A Kaindl
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R W Schoenlein
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S L Johnson
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Först
- Max-Planck Department for Structural Dynamics, Center for Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - D Doering
- Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Denes
- Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W F Schlotter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - J J Turner
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - T Sasagawa
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Z Hussain
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Z X Shen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T P Devereaux
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nagel PM, Robinson JS, Harteneck BD, Pfeifer T, Abel MJ, Prell JS, Neumark DM, Kaindl RA, Leone SR. Surface plasmon assisted electron acceleration in photoemission from gold nanopillars. Chem Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2012.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
28
|
Hill CR, Robinson JS. Phosphorus flux from wetland ditch sediments. Sci Total Environ 2012; 437:315-322. [PMID: 22954652 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of phosphorus (P) in the bottom sediment of field drainage ditches poses a threat to the ecology both of the ditch water and downstream water courses. We investigated the amounts, forms and internal loading of sediment-bound P along two drainage ditches that regulate water levels in a basin fen (~200 ha) supporting a mixture of restored wetland and drained agricultural fields. Water levels in the Lady's Drove Rhyne are currently managed to enhance the biodiversity of the wetland (Catcott Lows Reserve - an area formerly cultivated for arable crop production); whereas, the East Ditch is managed to drain adjoining land that remains under arable and livestock production. Laboratory-based chemical fractionation schemes were used to characterise the forms and potential mobility of the sediment-bound P, whilst pore-water equilibrators were employed in situ to evaluate the diffusive flux of P through the sediment-water column, and to characterise the corresponding redox conditions. Along both ditches, sediment pore-water profiles indicated conditions ranging from weakly to very reducing conditions with increasing depth, and net fluxes of P from the sediment to overlying water. P flux values ranged from 0.33 to 1.30 mg m(-2) day(-1). Both the degree of P saturation (DPS) of the sediment and NaOH extractable (Fe/Al-bound) P correlated significantly (P<0.05) with P flux. Both in the wetland and agricultural ditches, by far the highest values for P flux were recorded at sites closest to points of drainage water entry from the corresponding, adjoining land. Although the P flux data were obtained from only a single sampling event, this study highlights the contribution of historical as well as ongoing agricultural land use on the sustained elevated P status of ditch sediments in lowland catchments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C R Hill
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, School of Human and Environmental Sciences, The University of Reading, Berkshire RG6 6DW, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Frank F, Arrell C, Witting T, Okell WA, McKenna J, Robinson JS, Haworth CA, Austin D, Teng H, Walmsley IA, Marangos JP, Tisch JWG. Invited review article: technology for attosecond science. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:071101. [PMID: 22852664 DOI: 10.1063/1.4731658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We describe a complete technological system at Imperial College London for Attosecond Science studies. The system comprises a few-cycle, carrier envelope phase stabilized laser source which delivers sub 4 fs pulses to a vibration-isolated attosecond vacuum beamline. The beamline is used for the generation of isolated attosecond pulses in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) at kilohertz repetition rates through laser-driven high harmonic generation in gas targets. The beamline incorporates: interferometers for producing pulse sequences for pump-probe studies; the facility to spectrally and spatially filter the harmonic radiation; an in-line spatially resolving XUV spectrometer; and a photoelectron spectroscopy chamber in which attosecond streaking is used to characterize the attosecond pulses. We discuss the technology and techniques behind the development of our complete system and summarize its performance. This versatile apparatus has enabled a number of new experimental investigations which we briefly describe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Frank
- Department of Physics, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Dodd JM, Crowther CA, Haslam RR, Robinson JS. Elective birth at 37 weeks of gestation versus standard care for women with an uncomplicated twin pregnancy at term: the Twins Timing of Birth Randomised Trial. BJOG 2012; 119:964-73. [PMID: 22691051 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03356.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether for women with an uncomplicated twin pregnancy, elective birth at 37 weeks of gestation was associated with reduced risk of death or serious outcomes for babies, without increasing harm. DESIGN Randomised controlled trial. SETTING Maternity hospitals across Australia, New Zealand and Italy. POPULATION A total of 235 women with an uncomplicated twin pregnancy at 36(+6) weeks of gestation, with no contraindication to continuing their pregnancy. METHODS Using a computer-generated, central telephone randomisation service, 235 women were randomised to Elective Birth (birth at 37 weeks; n=116) or Standard Care (continued expectant management, with birth planned from 38 weeks; n=119). Outcome assessors were masked to treatment allocation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE A composite of serious adverse outcome for the infant. RESULTS For women with an uncomplicated twin pregnancy, elective birth at 37 weeks of gestation was associated with a significant reduction in risk of serious adverse outcome for the infant (Elective Birth 11/232 [4.7%] versus Standard Care 29/238 [12.2%]; risk ratio [RR] 0.39; 95% CI 0.20-0.75; P=0.005), reflecting a reduction in birthweight less than the third centile using singleton gestational age-specific charts (Elective Birth 7/232 [3.0%] versus Standard Care 24/238 [10.1%]; RR 0.30; 95% CI 0.13-0.67; P=0.004). In a post hoc analysis using twin gestational age-specific charts, there was evidence of a trend towards a reduction in the primary composite of serious adverse infant outcome (Elective Birth Group 4/232 [1.7%] versus Standard Care Group 12/238 [5.0%]; RR 0.34; 95% CI 0.11 to 1.05; P=0.06). CONCLUSION The findings of our study support recommendations for women with an uncomplicated twin pregnancy to birth at 37 weeks of gestation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Dodd
- Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies (ARCH), Robinson Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Dodd JM, Grivell RM, Crowther CA, Robinson JS. Antenatal interventions for overweight or obese pregnant women: a systematic review of randomised trials. BJOG 2010; 117:1316-26. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2010.02540.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
32
|
Gatford KL, Simmons RA, De Blasio MJ, Robinson JS, Owens JA. Review: Placental programming of postnatal diabetes and impaired insulin action after IUGR. Placenta 2010; 31 Suppl:S60-5. [PMID: 20096455 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2009] [Revised: 12/12/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Being born small due to poor growth before birth increases the risk of developing metabolic disease, including type 2 diabetes, in later life. Inadequate insulin secretion and decreasing insulin sensitivity contribute to this increased diabetes risk. Impaired placental growth, development and function are major causes of impaired fetal growth and development and therefore of IUGR. Restricted placental growth (PR) and function in non-human animals induces similar changes in insulin secretion and sensitivity as in human IUGR, making these valuable tools to investigate the underlying mechanisms and to test interventions to prevent or ameliorate the risk of disease after IUGR. Epigenetic changes induced by an adverse fetal environment are strongly implicated as causes of later impaired insulin action. These have been well-characterised in the PR rat, where impaired insulin secretion is linked to epigenetic changes at the Pdx-1 promotor and reduced expression of this transcription factor. Present research is particularly focussed on developing intervention strategies to prevent or reverse epigenetic changes, and normalise gene expression and insulin action after PR, in order to translate this to treatments to improve outcomes in human IUGR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K L Gatford
- Research Centre for Early Origins of Health and Disease, Robinson Institute, and School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
|
34
|
Chipperfield LE, Robinson JS, Tisch JWG, Marangos JP. Ideal waveform to generate the maximum possible electron recollision energy for any given oscillation period. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:063003. [PMID: 19257585 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.063003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We present the perfect waveform which, during a strong field interaction, generates the maximum possible electron recollision energy for any given oscillation period, over 3 times as high as that for a pure sinusoidal wave. This ideal waveform has the form of a linear ramp with a dc offset. A genetic algorithm was employed to find an optimized practically achievable waveform composed of a longer wavelength field, to provide the offset, in addition to higher frequency components. This second waveform is found to be capable of generating electron recollision energies as high as those for the perfect waveform while retaining the high recollision amplitudes of a pure sinusoidal wave. Calculations of high harmonic generation demonstrate this enhancement, by increasing the cutoff energy by a factor of 2.5 while maintaining the harmonic yield, providing an enhanced tool for attosecond science.
Collapse
|
35
|
Baker S, Robinson JS, Lein M, Chirilă CC, Torres R, Bandulet HC, Comtois D, Kieffer JC, Villeneuve DM, Tisch JWG, Marangos JP. Dynamic two-center interference in high-order harmonic generation from molecules with attosecond nuclear motion. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:053901. [PMID: 18764392 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.053901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2007] [Revised: 11/22/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report a new dynamic two-center interference effect in high-harmonic generation from H2, in which the attosecond nuclear motion of H2+ initiated at ionization causes interference to be observed at lower harmonic orders than would be the case for static nuclei. To enable this measurement we utilize a recently developed technique for probing the attosecond nuclear dynamics of small molecules. The experimental results are reproduced by a theoretical analysis based upon the strong-field approximation which incorporates the temporally dependent two-center interference term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Baker
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Silman RE, Street C, Holland D, Chard T, Falconer J, Robinson JS. The pars intermedia and the fetal pituitary-adrenal axis. Ciba Found Symp 2008; 81:180-95. [PMID: 6268377 DOI: 10.1002/9780470720646.ch11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The increased production of cortisol by the fetal adrenal gland at term acts as the trigger for parturition in some species. The fetal pituitary controls fetal adrenal function. However, ACTH is only one of a family of closely related peptides which derive from a common precursor and we have shown that although ACTH is the dominant form in the adult pituitary, the expression of the "family trees' is altered in the fetus. In the sheep, it is large-molecular-weight precursors and, in the primate, the smaller peptides such as alpha-MSH, CLIP, beta-MSH and beta-endorphin that predominate in fetal life and which may be responsible for fetal adrenal function. It is still unclear what causes the developmental change in the ACTH "family tree'. Since it may result from a change in pituitary function - from the peptides of the pars intermedia, in the fetus, to those of pars anterior, in the adult - we have studied these two lobes separately in pituitaries taken from adult and fetal sheep and monkeys. Our preliminary results suggest that the change may occur in the neurointermediate lobe in the primate, but that in the sheep the developmental changes occur in the anterior lobe.
Collapse
|
37
|
Antoniadis V, Robinson JS, Alloway BJ. Effects of short-term pH fluctuations on cadmium, nickel, lead, and zinc availability to ryegrass in a sewage sludge-amended field. Chemosphere 2008; 71:759-764. [PMID: 18031788 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2007] [Revised: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 10/08/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this field experiment, sewage sludge was applied at 0, 5, 10, and 50tha(-1), and the availability of Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn was assessed both by ryegrass uptake and by DTPA extractions. The aim was to investigate the role of important soil parameters, particularly pH, on heavy metal availability. It was found that metal uptake and extractability increased significantly in the 50tha(-1) treatment. In the 16th week of the experiment there was a significant, although temporary, increase in DTPA-extractable Cd, Ni, and Zn concentrations. Metal concentrations in ryegrass were also significantly elevated in week 20 compared to the subsequent cuttings. These fluctuations in both DTPA and ryegrass uptake occurred only at 50tha(-1) and were probably induced by a sudden pH decrease measured in the same treatment in week 16. This suggests that soils which have received high applications of sewage sludge may be prone to fluctuations in metal availability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Antoniadis
- The University of Reading, Department of Soil Science, Reading, RG6 6DW, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Moore AS, Gumbrell ET, Lazarus J, Hohenberger M, Robinson JS, Smith RA, Plant TJA, Symes DR, Dunne M. Full-trajectory diagnosis of laser-driven radiative blast waves in search of thermal plasma instabilities. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:055001. [PMID: 18352379 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.055001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Experimental investigations into the dynamics of cylindrical, laser-driven, high-Mach-number shocks are used to study the thermal cooling instability predicted to occur in astrophysical radiative blast waves. A streaked Schlieren technique measures the full blast-wave trajectory on a single-shot basis, which is key for observing shock velocity oscillations. Electron density profiles and deceleration parameters associated with radiative blast waves were recorded, enabling the calculation of important blast-wave parameters including the fraction of radiated energy, epsilon, as a function of time for comparison with radiation-hydrodynamics simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Moore
- Plasma Physics Division, AWE Aldermaston, RG7 4PR. United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Marangos JP, Baker S, Kajumba N, Robinson JS, Tisch JWG, Torres R. Dynamic imaging of molecules using high order harmonic generation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:35-48. [DOI: 10.1039/b714126m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
40
|
Kapsalaki EZ, Lee GP, Robinson JS, Grigorian AA, Fountas KN. The role of intraoperative micro-Doppler ultrasound in verifying proper clip placement in intracranial aneurysm surgery. J Clin Neurosci 2007; 15:153-7. [PMID: 17981038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2006.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2006] [Revised: 11/06/2006] [Accepted: 11/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present the results of a retrospective study employing intraoperative micro-Doppler ultrasonography (MDU) in verifying proper clip placement during cerebral aneurysmal surgery. One hundred and thirty-four patients surgically treated for 147 intracranial aneurysms were studied. Thirteen patients harboring 17 aneurysms were surgically treated on an elective basis, while 121 patients with 130 aneurysms, presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Blood flow velocities of the parent and adjacent vessels as well as the aneurysmal sac were measured using a Conforma Micro-Doppler (Cook Vascular Inc., Leechburg, PA, USA). Pre- and post-operative cerebral angiography was obtained in all our patients. In 23 aneurysms (15.6%) there was decreased or absent flow in the parent vessel or in one of the adjacent vessels after clipping. In another 19 aneurysms (12.9%), MDU demonstrated flow through the aneurysmal dome even though the aneurysmal neck appeared to be totally obliterated. Presence of SAH, anatomic location and size of the aneurysm were associated with improper clip placement in a statistically significant fashion. The false positive rate for MDU was 2% while there were no false negative findings in our study. MDU appears to be a non-invasive, reliable alternative methodology to intra-operative angiography. This inexpensive method may lend itself to routine usage in aneurysm surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Z Kapsalaki
- University Hospital of Larissa, Department of Neuroradiology, Larissa, Greece
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Owens JA, Thavaneswaran P, De Blasio MJ, McMillen IC, Robinson JS, Gatford KL. Sex-specific effects of placental restriction on components of the metabolic syndrome in young adult sheep. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007; 292:E1879-89. [PMID: 17327366 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00706.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal and early postnatal life experiences, reflected by size at birth and postnatal catch-up growth, contribute to the risk of developing the metabolic syndrome in adulthood, but their relative importance is unclear. Therefore, we determined the effects of restricted placental and fetal growth on components of the metabolic syndrome in young adult sheep and the relationships of the latter to size at birth and early postnatal growth. Fasting plasma metabolites, glucose tolerance (by intravenous glucose tolerance test, IVGTT), insulin secretion and sensitivity, and resting blood pressure were measured in 22 control and 20 placentally restricted (PR) 1-yr-old sheep. In male sheep, PR increased the initial rise in glucose during an IVGTT and reduced diastolic blood pressure, and small size at birth independently predicted reduced adult size, glucose tolerance, and fasting plasma insulin and insulin disposition of glucose metabolism but increased insulin disposition of circulating FFAs. Also in males, high fractional growth rates in early postnatal life independently predicted impaired early glucose clearance during an IVGTT. In female animals, PR increased insulin sensitivity of glucose metabolism and reduced fasting plasma FFAs, and thinness at birth predicted increased adult size, fasting blood glucose, and pulse pressure. In conclusion, PR and small size at birth are associated with more components of the metabolic syndrome in adult male than in adult female sheep, with few independent effects of early postnatal growth. These sex differences in the onset and extent of adverse metabolic consequences after prenatal restraint in the sheep are consistent with observations in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Owens
- Research Centre for Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Torres R, Kajumba N, Underwood JG, Robinson JS, Baker S, Tisch JWG, de Nalda R, Bryan WA, Velotta R, Altucci C, Turcu ICE, Marangos JP. Probing orbital structure of polyatomic molecules by high-order harmonic generation. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:203007. [PMID: 17677693 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.203007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2006] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The effects of electronic structure and symmetry are observed in laser driven high-order harmonic generation for laser aligned conjugated polyatomic molecular systems. The dependence of the harmonic yield on the angle between the molecular axis and the polarization of the driving laser field is seen to contain the fingerprint of the highest occupied molecular orbitals in acetylene and allene, a good quantitative agreement with calculations employing the strong field approximation was found. These measurements support the extension of the recently proposed molecular orbital imaging techniques beyond simple diatomic molecules to larger molecular systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Torres
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ciurea AV, Kapsalaki EZ, Coman TC, Roberts JL, Robinson JS, Tascu A, Brehar F, Fountas KN. Supratentorial epidural hematoma of traumatic etiology in infants. Childs Nerv Syst 2007; 23:335-41. [PMID: 17061134 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-006-0230-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2005] [Revised: 06/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND Traumatic epidural hematoma (EDH) represents a rare head injury complication in infants. Its diagnosis can be quite challenging because its clinical presentation is usually subtle and nonspecific. In our current communication, we present our data regarding the presentation of infants with EDH, their management, and their long-term outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a retrospective study, the hospital and outpatient clinic charts and imaging studies (head CT and skull X-rays) of 31 infants with pure, supratentorial EDH of traumatic origin were meticulously reviewed. Children Coma Scale score and Trauma Infant Neurologic Score (TINS) were also reviewed. The most common presenting symptom was irritability, which occurred in 18/31 (58.1%) of our patients. Pallor (in 30/31 patients) and cephalhematoma (in 21/31 patients) were the most commonly occurring clinical signs upon admission; both signs represent signs of significant clinical importance. Surgical evacuation via a craniotomy was required in 24/31 of our patients, while 7/31 patients were managed conservatively. The mortality rate in our series was 6.5% (2/31 patients), and our long-term morbidity rate was 3.2% (1/31 patients). CONCLUSIONS EDH in infants represents a life-threatening complication of head injury, which requires early identification and prompt surgical or conservative management depending on the patient's clinical condition, size of EDH, and presence of midline structure shift on head CT scan. Mortality and long-term morbidity are low with early diagnosis and prompt treatment.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Accidental Falls
- Cerebellum/blood supply
- Decompression, Surgical/methods
- Dura Mater/blood supply
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Head Injuries, Closed/complications
- Head Injuries, Closed/diagnostic imaging
- Head Injuries, Closed/therapy
- Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/diagnostic imaging
- Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/etiology
- Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/therapy
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Male
- Radiography
- Retrospective Studies
- Skull Fractures/complications
- Skull Fractures/diagnostic imaging
- Trauma Severity Indices
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A V Ciurea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinics and Hospital Bagdasar-Arseni, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kapsalaki EZ, Machinis TG, Robinson JS, Newman B, Grigorian AA, Fountas KN. Spontaneous resolution of acute cranial subdural hematomas. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2006; 109:287-91. [PMID: 17182174 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2006.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2006] [Revised: 11/14/2006] [Accepted: 11/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute cranial subdural hematoma (SDH) represents a common consequence of traumatic brain injury. The vast majority of acute SDHs larger than 10mm in thickness require immediate surgical evacuation. In rare occasions, however, spontaneous resolution may occur. In our current communication, we present four cases of spontaneous resolution of acute cranial SDH. Further more, the proposed theories explaining spontaneous resolution of acute SDH, as well as, clinical parameters and imaging characteristics that might predict such phenomenon, are also reviewed. The possibility of spontaneous resolution of an acute SDH, although remote, may impact the decision making process regarding the management of these patients under certain conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Z Kapsalaki
- Department of Neuroradiology, The Medical Center of Central Georgia, Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, GA 31201, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anatomical hemispherectomy is frequently employed in the surgical management of pediatric patients with medically refractory epilepsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this chapter, we review the historical evolution of this surgical procedure, outline the indications and the criteria for selecting surgical candidates and describe the important pre-operative evaluation of the surgical candidates. DISCUSSION We provide a detailed description of our surgical technique, anesthesiological considerations, and post-operative care plan. Ultimately we analyze the most common complications associated with this procedure. CONCLUSION Anatomical hemispherectomy performed in carefully selected pediatric patients with medically intractable epilepsy can be a safe and efficacious surgical procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K N Fountas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Flanagan DE, Holt RIG, Owens PC, Cockington RJ, Moore VM, Robinson JS, Godsland IF, Phillips DIW. Gender differences in the insulin-like growth factor axis response to a glucose load. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2006; 187:371-8. [PMID: 16776662 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2006.01581.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are thought to contribute to glucose homeostasis. The aim of our study was to examine the response of the IGFs and their binding proteins to an intravenous load of glucose in a cohort of young men and women with normal glucose tolerance. METHODS The intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was used to quantify insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in 160 adults aged 20-21 years in Adelaide, Australia. Serum IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-1 and IGFBP-3 were measured during the IVGTT. RESULTS Women were less insulin sensitive than men with higher fasting insulin (women 55.6 +/- 4.4, men 44.1 +/- 3.6 pmol L(-1), P = 0.001) and first phase insulin secretion (women 3490 +/- 286, men 3038 +/- 271 pmol L(-1) min, P = 0.042). Women showed lower fasting free IGF-I (women 0.29 +/- 0.02, men 0.36 +/- 0.02 mug L(-1), P = 0.004) but higher IGFBP-3 (women 46.3 +/- 0.53, men 43.3 +/- 0.58 mg dL(-1), P = 0.001) and higher IGFBP-1 concentrations (women 37.0 +/- 2.9, men 24.8 +/- 2.3 mug L(-1), P = 0.012). IGFBP-1 fell by 5 min and remained suppressed. IGFBP-3 and total IGF-I fell until 60 min rising again by 2 h. IGF and IGFBP values were all higher in women. IGFBP-1 showed a negative association with fasting and stimulated insulin concentrations in both genders. First phase insulin secretion however showed positive correlations with IGFBP-3 (r = 0.321, P = 0.004) and IGF-I (r = 0.339 P = 0.002) in men but not women. CONCLUSION Our data show that IGFBP-1, IGFBP-3 and IGF-I show acute changes following a glucose load and there are marked gender differences in these responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D E Flanagan
- Department of Endocrinology, Peninsula Medical School, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ciurea AV, Fountas KN, Coman TC, Machinis TG, Kapsalaki EZ, Fezoulidis NI, Robinson JS. Long-term surgical outcome in patients with intracranial hydatid cyst. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2006; 148:421-6. [PMID: 16374567 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-005-0679-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2005] [Accepted: 10/04/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral hydatid cysts account for up to 3.6% of all intracranial space-occupying lesions, in endemic countries. The vast majority of patients affected are children. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have greatly contributed to a more accurate diagnosis of hydatids. However, correct pre-operative diagnosis still remains quite puzzling. Extirpation of the intact cyst is the treatment of choice, resulting in most cases to a complete recovery. METHOD In our retrospective study, we have reviewed 76 cases of intra-cranial hydatid disease operated on in our hospital over a 22 year period. Presenting clinical symptoms and signs and the radiological findings on CT and MRI were documented. Albendazole was given preoperatively to patients with giant (>5 cm) or multiple cysts and postoperatively to all patients. The follow-up period ranged from 12 months to 22 years and the outcome was assessed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). FINDINGS Sixty seven (95.7%) of our patients were children. Increased intracranial pressure and papilledema were the predominant findings in this group, whereas focal neurological deficits were most prevalent in adults. CT and MRI revealed round cystic lesions, isodense and iso-intense respectively to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), with no rim enhancement or perifocal edema. Multiple cysts were identified in 3 cases. Extirpation of the cyst without rupture was accomplished in 56 patients (73.7%). Recurrences occurred in 19 patients (25%). 4 patients (5.3%) died within 6 months after surgery; 3 of these patients had multiple cysts and one died shortly after the operation due to anaphylactic shock following intra-operative rupture of the cyst. CONCLUSION Long-term follow-up confirms that intracranial hydatid cysts should always be surgically removed without rupture; the outcome remains excellent in these cases. Correct preoperative diagnosis is vital for the successful outcome of surgery. A high index of suspicion is therefore required in endemic areas despite the availability of advanced neuro-imaging. Medical treatment with albendazole seems to be beneficial both pre- and post-operatively. Newer diagnostic methodologies, such as MR spectroscopy and MR diffusion weighted imaging, might lend themselves to the diagnosis of intracranial hydatid cysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A V Ciurea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinic Hospital Bagdasar-Arseni, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Baker S, Robinson JS, Haworth CA, Teng H, Smith RA, Chirila CC, Lein M, Tisch JWG, Marangos JP. Probing Proton Dynamics in Molecules on an Attosecond Time Scale. Science 2006; 312:424-7. [PMID: 16513942 DOI: 10.1126/science.1123904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a technique that uses high-order harmonic generation in molecules to probe nuclear dynamics and structural rearrangement on a subfemtosecond time scale. The chirped nature of the electron wavepacket produced by laser ionization in a strong field gives rise to a similar chirp in the photons emitted upon electron-ion recombination. Use of this chirp in the emitted light allows information about nuclear dynamics to be gained with 100-attosecond temporal resolution, from excitation by an 8-femtosecond pulse, in a single laser shot. Measurements on molecular hydrogen and deuterium agreed well with calculations of ultrafast nuclear dynamics in the H2+ molecule, confirming the validity of the method. We then measured harmonic spectra from CH4 and CD4 to demonstrate a few-femtosecond time scale for the onset of proton rearrangement in methane upon ionization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Baker
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2BZ, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Fountas KN, Kapsalaki E, Kassam M, Feltes CH, Dimopoulos VG, Robinson JS, Smith JR. Management of intracranial meningeal hemangiopericytomas: outcome and experience. Neurosurg Rev 2006; 29:145-53. [PMID: 16391940 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-005-0001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2005] [Revised: 03/29/2005] [Accepted: 08/28/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hemangiopericytomas represent rare intracranial tumors that have a tendency to recur locally and have the unique characteristic of giving extracranial metastases. Our current communication reviews a series of patients diagnosed with hemangiopericytoma who were treated in our facility. Eleven patients with a mean age of 51.2 years underwent follow-up for a mean time of 7.1 years. Their neuroimaging preoperative evaluation included plain skull X-rays, head CT scans, brain MRI, angiograms, and (1)HMRS. Preoperative embolization of the tumor was employed in 6/11 patients. All patients underwent craniotomy for tumor resection and postoperative radiation treatment was employed on all but one. Grade I resection was accomplished in 6/11 (54.5%), grade III in 4/11 (36.4%), and grade IV in 1/11 (9.1%). Local recurrence was detected in 3/11 (27.3%) at a mean period of 5 (range 2-7.5) years. Extracranial metastatic disease was documented in 4/11 (36.4%) patients at a mean of 4.9 (range 2.5-7) years after the initial diagnosis. The GOS score was: 7/11 (63.6%) scored 5, while 4/11 (36.4%) died at a mean time of 5.5 (range 3-8) years after the initial diagnosis. Intracranial hemangiopericytomas management requires aggressive surgical resection, postoperative radiation treatment, and extensive follow-up to rule out local recurrences and delayed extracranial metastases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K N Fountas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center of Central Georgia, Mercer University, School of Medicine, Macon, 31201-2155, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Fountas KN, Kapsalaki EZ, Machinis T, Karampelas I, Smisson HF, Robinson JS. Review of the literature regarding the relationship of rebleeding and external ventricular drainage in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage of aneurysmal origin. Neurosurg Rev 2005; 29:14-8; discussion 19-20. [PMID: 16247650 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-005-0423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2004] [Revised: 03/04/2005] [Accepted: 07/24/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Acute hydrocephalus is a well-documented complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage. The insertion of external ventricular drainage (EVD) has been the standard of care in the management of this complication, aiming primarily at immediate improvement of the clinical condition of these patients, making them more suitable candidates for surgical or endovascular intervention. In our current communication, we review the pertinent literature regarding the relationship of rebleeding and EVD. Several studies have implicated a significantly increased risk of rebleeding in patients with EVD, compared with patients without it. Abrupt lowering of the intracranial pressure could lead to rebleeding due to decreased transmural pressure or removal of the clot sealing the previously ruptured aneurysm. However, a variety of parameters that could affect the rebleeding rate, such as the timing of surgery, the timing and duration of drainage, the size of the aneurysm, as well as the severity of the initial hemorrhage, do not seem to have been adequately explored in the majority of these studies. In addition, a number of clinical trials have failed to provide evidence for the negative role of EVD in the development of rebleeding. Conclusively, further long-term multi-center studies are required in order to establish the exact nature of the relationship between EVD and rebleeding after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K N Fountas
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Medical Center of Central Georgia, Mercer University, School of Medicine, Macon, GA 31201, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|