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Weng RC, Tsou MC, Lee JL, Tseng CM, Huang YF, Xiao YL, Lu YP, Chou WC, Chang RF, Chuang CY. Development of a rapid aptamer-chemiluminescence sensor for detecting glyphosate pesticide residue in soybeans. Talanta 2024; 272:125741. [PMID: 38359718 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLY) is a widely used herbicide worldwide, particularly in cultivating genetically modified soybeans resistant to GLY. However, routine multi-residue analysis does not include GLY due to the complexity of soybean matrix components that can interfere with the analysis. This study presented the development of an aptamer-based chemiluminescence (Apt-CL) sensor for rapidly screening GLY pesticide residue in soybeans. The GLY-binding aptamer (GBA) was developed to bind to GLY specifically, and the remaining unbound aptamers were adsorbed onto gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The signal was in the form of luminol-H2O2 emission, catalyzed by the aggregation of AuNPs in a chemiluminescent reaction arising from the GLY-GBA complex. The outcomes demonstrated a robust linear relationship between the CL intensity of GLY-GBA and the GLY concentration. In the specificity test of the GBA, only GLY and Profenofos were distinguished among the fifteen tested pesticides. Furthermore, the Apt-CL sensor was conducted to determine GLY residue in organic soybeans immersed in GLY as a real sample, and an optimal linear concentration range for detection after extraction was found to be between 0.001 and 10 mg/L. The Apt-CL sensor exploits the feasibility of real-time pesticide screening in food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Cian Weng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Cheng Tsou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jyun-Lin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ming Tseng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Residue Control Division, Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fen Huang
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Pei Lu
- Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Ruey-Feng Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Yu Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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2
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Lee JL, Wang YC, Hsu YA, Chen CS, Weng RC, Lu YP, Chuang CY, Wan L. Galectin-12 modulates Kupffer cell polarization to alter the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Glycobiology 2023; 33:673-682. [PMID: 37504513 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is caused by an imbalance in lipid metabolism and immune response to pose a risk factor for liver fibrosis. Recent evidence indicates that M2 macrophages secrete transforming growth factor-β1, which contributes to liver fibrosis. Galectin-12 has been demonstrated to regulate lipid metabolism and macrophage polarization. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of galectin-12 in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and fibrosis. Liver tissue from wild-type C57BL/6 mice fed with a high-fat diet containing cholesterol and cholic acid for 4-12 weeks was used to examine galectin-12 expression and its correlation with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Furthermore, the effects of galectin-12 on M2 macrophages during the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were investigated by studying Kupffer cells from galectin-12 knockout mice and doxycycline-inducible Gal12-/-THP-1 cells. Ablation of galectin-12 promoted M2 polarization of Kupffer cells, as indicated by higher levels of M2 markers, such as arginase I and chitinase 3-like protein 3. Furthermore, the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 was significantly higher in Gal12-/- macrophages activated by interleukin-4, which was correlated with higher levels of transforming growth factor-β1. Moreover, Gal12-/- macrophage-conditioned medium promoted hepatic stellate cells myofibroblast differentiation, which was indicated by higher α-smooth muscle actin expression levels compared with those treated with LacZ control medium. Finally, we demonstrated that galectin-12 knockdown negatively regulated the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 levels. These findings suggested that galectin-12 balances M1/M2 polarization of Kupffer cells to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyun-Lin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chien Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung 427, Taiwan
| | - Yu-An Hsu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Sheng Chen
- Division of Chinese Medicine, Asia University Hospital, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 401, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medicine University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Rui-Cian Weng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Pei Lu
- National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Lei Wan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
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3
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Kim M, Lee JL, Shin SJ, Bae WK, Lee HJ, Byun JH, Choi YJ, Youk J, Ock CY, Kim S, Song H, Park KH, Keam B. Phase II study of a trastuzumab biosimilar in combination with paclitaxel for HER2-positive recurrent or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: KCSG GU18-18. ESMO Open 2023; 8:101588. [PMID: 37385153 PMCID: PMC10485395 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a widely explored therapeutic target in solid tumors. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab-pkrb, a biosimilar of trastuzumab, in combination with paclitaxel, in HER2-positive recurrent or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC). PATIENTS AND METHODS We enrolled 27 patients; they were administered a loading dose of 8 mg/kg trastuzumab-pkrb on day 1, followed by 6 mg/kg and 175 mg/m2 paclitaxel on day 1 every 3 weeks, intravenously. All patients received six cycles of the combination treatment and continued to receive trastuzumab-pkrb maintenance until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or for up to 2 years. HER2 positivity (based on immunohistochemistry analysis) was determined according to the 2013 American Society of Clinical Oncology /College of American Pathologists HER2 testing guidelines. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR); the secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and safety. RESULTS Twenty-six patients were evaluated via primary endpoint analysis. The ORR was 48.1% (1 complete and 12 partial responses) and the duration of response was 6.9 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.4-9.3 months]. With a median follow-up of 10.5 months, the median PFS and OS were 8.4 months (95% CI 6.2-8.8 months) and 13.5 months (95% CI 9.8 months-not reached), respectively. The most common treatment-related adverse event (TRAE) of any grade was peripheral neuropathy (88.9%). The most common grade 3/4 TRAEs were neutropenia (25.9%), thrombocytopenia (7.4%), and anemia (7.4%). CONCLUSIONS Trastuzumab-pkrb plus paclitaxel demonstrates promising efficacy with manageable toxicity profiles in patients with HER2-positive recurrent or metastatic UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J L Lee
- Department of Oncology and Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S J Shin
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - W K Bae
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon
| | - J H Byun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon
| | - Y J Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J Youk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - C Y Ock
- Lunit, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Kim
- Lunit, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Song
- Lunit, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - B Keam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul.
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Lee JL, Man TCH. Squamous cell carcinoma of the colon: a case report. Hong Kong Med J 2023; 29:262-264. [PMID: 37349142 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj219969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J L Lee
- Department of Surgery, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T C H Man
- Department of Surgery, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Sherman E, Lee JL, Debruyne PR, Keam B, Shin SJ, Gramza A, Caro I, Amin R, Shah K, Yan Y, Huddart R, Powles T. Safety and efficacy of cobimetinib plus atezolizumab in patients with solid tumors: a phase II, open-label, multicenter, multicohort study. ESMO Open 2023; 8:100877. [PMID: 36947985 PMCID: PMC10163002 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.100877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors has revolutionized the treatment of cancer, their response rates are generally low. Preclinical and early phase clinical data suggest that MEK inhibition may sensitize tumors to immune checkpoint inhibitors by upregulating tumor antigen expression, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, and tumor T-cell infiltration. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of cobimetinib plus atezolizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors in the open-label, multicohort phase II COTEST study. PATIENTS AND METHODS This analysis of the COTEST trial included patients from cohorts 1-4 [1-3: anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 treatment-naive patients; 4: patients with disease progression on anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 treatment] who received cobimetinib 60 mg once daily for the first 21 days and intravenous infusions of atezolizumab 840 mg on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle. Efficacy endpoints included objective response rate, overall survival, progression-free survival (PFS), and disease control rate. RESULTS Overall, 77 patients were enrolled in cohorts 1-4 (78% male; median age 62.8 years). Objective response rate was 20% in cohort 1 [squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN)], 30% in cohort 2 (urothelial carcinoma), and 18% in cohort 3 (renal cell carcinoma); there were no responders among 20 patients in cohort 4 (SCCHN). The disease control rates in cohorts 1-4 were 50%, 40%, 24%, and 25%, respectively. The median PFS was 5.5, 3.4, 3.4, and 3.6 months in cohorts 1-4, respectively, and the median overall survival was 16.8, 18.7, 21.7, and 7.7 months, respectively. Most adverse events were of grade 1/2 and were manageable. CONCLUSIONS Cobimetinib plus atezolizumab had moderate activity in patients with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment-naive SCCHN and urothelial carcinoma, and weak activity in anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment-naive renal cell carcinoma, and no activity in checkpoint inhibitor-treated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sherman
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Head and Neck Oncology Service, New York, USA.
| | - J L Lee
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - P R Debruyne
- Kortrijk Cancer Centre, AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium; Anglia Ruskin University, School of Life Sciences, Cambridge, UK
| | - B Keam
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - S J Shin
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A Gramza
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington DC
| | - I Caro
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, USA
| | - R Amin
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, USA
| | - K Shah
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, USA
| | - Y Yan
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, USA
| | - R Huddart
- The Royal Marsden, Royal Marsden Hospital Fulham, Urology Unit, Chelsea, London. https://twitter.com/robert_huddart
| | - T Powles
- Barts & London School of Medicine, Garrod Building, London, UK. https://twitter.com/tompowles1
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Kanesvaran R, Castro E, Wong A, Fizazi K, Chua MLK, Zhu Y, Malhotra H, Miura Y, Lee JL, Chong FLT, Pu YS, Yen CC, Saad M, Lee HJ, Kitamura H, Prabhash K, Zou Q, Curigliano G, Poon E, Choo SP, Peters S, Lim E, Yoshino T, Pentheroudakis G. Pan-Asian adapted ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with prostate cancer. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100518. [PMID: 35797737 PMCID: PMC9434138 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The most recent version of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of prostate cancer was published in 2020. It was therefore decided, by both the ESMO and the Singapore Society of Oncology (SSO), to convene a special, virtual guidelines meeting in November 2021 to adapt the ESMO 2020 guidelines to take into account the differences associated with the treatment of prostate cancer in Asia. These guidelines represent the consensus opinions reached by experts in the treatment of patients with prostate cancer representing the oncological societies of China (CSCO), India (ISMPO), Japan (JSMO), Korea (KSMO), Malaysia (MOS), Singapore (SSO) and Taiwan (TOS). The voting was based on scientific evidence and was independent of the current treatment practices and drug access restrictions in the different Asian countries. The latter were discussed when appropriate. The aim is to provide guidance for the optimisation and harmonisation of the management of patients with prostate cancer across the different regions of Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kanesvaran
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Oncology Academic Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - E Castro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - A Wong
- Division of Medical Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K Fizazi
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Institut Gustave Roussy, University of Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - M L K Chua
- Oncology Academic Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - H Malhotra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sri Ram Cancer Center, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences & Technology, Jaipur, India
| | - Y Miura
- Department of Medical Oncology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J L Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - F L T Chong
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Sabah Women and Children's Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Y-S Pu
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-C Yen
- Division of Clinical Research, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Saad
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - H Kitamura
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - K Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Q Zou
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - G Curigliano
- European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS and University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - E Poon
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - S P Choo
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Medical Oncology, Curie Oncology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S Peters
- Oncology Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - T Yoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
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7
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Lee JL, Wang YC, Hsu YA, Chen CS, Weng RC, Lu YP, Chuang CY, Wan L. Bisphenol A Coupled with a High-Fat Diet Promotes Hepatosteatosis through Reactive-Oxygen-Species-Induced CD36 Overexpression. Toxics 2022; 10:toxics10050208. [PMID: 35622622 PMCID: PMC9145332 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10050208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that affects lipid metabolism and contributes to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The mechanism of BPA exposure in hepatic lipid accumulation and its potential effect on NAFLD remain unclear. This study investigated the effect of BPA-exposure-induced hepatic lipid deposition on the pathology of NAFLD and its underlying mechanism in vitro and in vivo. BPA increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and promoted fatty acid uptake through upregulation of a free fatty acid uptake transporter, cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), in HUH-7 cells. Additionally, C57BL/6 mice administered a high-fat/high-cholesterol/high-cholic acid diet (HFCCD) and BPA (50 mg/kg body weight) for 8 weeks developed a steatohepatitis-like phenotype, characterized by alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA, an indicator of hepatic fibrosis) and cleaved caspase 3 (an indicator of apoptosis) in hepatic tissue; moreover, they had a higher oxidative stress index of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in liver tissue compared to the control group. Treatment with ROS scavenger n-acetylcysteine (NAC) ameliorated BPA-mediated HFCCD-induced lipid accumulation and steatohepatitis in the livers of treated mice. Our study indicates that BPA acts synergistically to increase hepatic lipid uptake and promote NAFLD development by stimulating ROS-induced CD36 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyun-Lin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
| | - Yao-Chien Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung 427, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-An Hsu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Sheng Chen
- Division of Chinese Medicine, Asia University Hospital, Taichung 413, Taiwan;
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 401, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medicine University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Rui-Cian Weng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan;
- National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan Instrument Research Institute (TIRI), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Pei Lu
- National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan Instrument Research Institute (TIRI), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Yu Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.C.); (L.W.); Tel.: +86-3-5715131 (ext. 34229) (C.-Y.C.); +86-4-22053366 (ext. 3326) (L.W.)
| | - Lei Wan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.C.); (L.W.); Tel.: +86-3-5715131 (ext. 34229) (C.-Y.C.); +86-4-22053366 (ext. 3326) (L.W.)
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Kanesvaran R, Porta C, Wong A, Powles T, Ng QS, Schmidinger M, Ye D, Malhotra H, Miura Y, Lee JL, Chong FLT, Pu YS, Yen CC, Saad M, Lee HJ, Kitamura H, Bhattacharyya GS, Curigliano G, Poon E, Choo SP, Peters S, Lim E, Yoshino T, Pentheroudakis G. Pan-Asian adapted ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with renal cell carcinoma. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100304. [PMID: 34864348 PMCID: PMC8645910 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The most recent version of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of renal cell carcinoma was published in 2019 with an update planned for 2021. It was therefore decided by both the ESMO and the Singapore Society of Oncology (SSO) to convene a special, virtual guidelines meeting in May 2021 to adapt the ESMO 2019 guidelines to take into account the ethnic differences associated with the treatment of renal cell carcinomas in Asian patients. These guidelines represent the consensus opinions reached by experts in the treatment of patients with renal cell carcinoma representing the oncological societies of China (CSCO), India (ISMPO), Japan (JSMO), Korea (KSMO), Malaysia (MOS), Singapore (SSO) and Taiwan (TOS). The voting was based on scientific evidence and was independent of the current treatment practices and drug access restrictions in the different Asian countries. The latter were discussed when appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kanesvaran
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - C Porta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'A. Moro' and Division of Medical Oncology, A.O.U. Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - A Wong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - T Powles
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Q S Ng
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - M Schmidinger
- Department of Urology I, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - H Malhotra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sri Ram Cancer Center, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences & Technology, Jaipur, India
| | - Y Miura
- Department of Medical Oncology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J L Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - F L T Chong
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Sabah Women and Children's Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Y-S Pu
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-C Yen
- Division of Clinical Research, Department of Medical Research and Division of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Saad
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - H Kitamura
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | | | - G Curigliano
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, IRCCS and University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - E Poon
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S P Choo
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Medical Oncology, Curie Oncology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S Peters
- Oncology Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - T Yoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
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Lee JL, Foschini L, Kumar S, Juusola J, Liska J, Mercer M, Tai C, Buzzetti R, Clement M, Cos X, Ji L, Kanumilli N, Kerr D, Montanya E, Müller-Wieland D, Ostenson CG, Skolnik N, Woo V, Burlet N, Greenberg M, Samson SI. Digital intervention increases influenza vaccination rates for people with diabetes in a decentralized randomized trial. NPJ Digit Med 2021; 4:138. [PMID: 34535755 PMCID: PMC8448887 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-021-00508-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
People with diabetes (PWD) have an increased risk of developing influenza-related complications, including pneumonia, abnormal glycemic events, and hospitalization. Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for PWD, but vaccination rates are suboptimal. The study aimed to increase influenza vaccination rate in people with self-reported diabetes. This study was a prospective, 1:1 randomized controlled trial of a 6-month Digital Diabetes Intervention in U.S. adults with diabetes. The intervention group received monthly messages through an online health platform. The control group received no intervention. Difference in self-reported vaccination rates was tested using multivariable logistic regression controlling for demographics and comorbidities. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03870997. A total of 10,429 participants reported influenza vaccination status (5158 intervention, mean age (±SD) = 46.8 (11.1), 78.5% female; 5271 control, Mean age (±SD) = 46.7 (11.2), 79.4% female). After a 6-month intervention, 64.2% of the intervention arm reported influenza vaccination, vers us 61.1% in the control arm (diff = 3.1, RR = 1.05, 95% CI [1.02, 1.08], p = 0.0013, number needed to treat = 33 to obtain 1 additional vaccination). Completion of one or more intervention messages was associated with up to an 8% increase in vaccination rate (OR 1.27, 95% CI [1.17, 1.38], p < 0.0001). The intervention improved influenza vaccination rates in PWD, suggesting that leveraging new technology to deliver knowledge and information can improve influenza vaccination rates in high-risk populations to reduce public health burden of influenza. Rapid cycle innovation could maximize the effects of these digital interventions in the future with other populations and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Lee
- Evidation Health, San Mateo, CA, USA.,Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - S Kumar
- Evidation Health, San Mateo, CA, USA
| | - J Juusola
- Evidation Health, San Mateo, CA, USA
| | | | - M Mercer
- Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, PA, USA
| | - C Tai
- Evidation Health, San Mateo, CA, USA
| | - R Buzzetti
- Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Clement
- University of British Columbia, Armstrong, British Columbia, Canada
| | - X Cos
- Grup de Recerca Epidemiològica en Diabetis des de l'Atenció Primària (DAP-CAT) Group, Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain.,Primary and Hospital Innovation Department, Innovation Office at Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Ji
- Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - D Kerr
- Sansum Diabetes Research Institute, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - E Montanya
- Hospital Universitari Bellvitge-IDIBELL, CIBERDEM and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - N Skolnik
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - V Woo
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - N Burlet
- Sanofi, Paris, France.,Kyowa Kirin International, Marlow, United Kingdom
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10
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Tay ST, Wong PL, Chiu CK, Tang SN, Lee JL, Hamdan NW, Lee CK, Karunakaran R. Nocardia kroppenstedtii: a rare pathogen isolated from the spinal vertebral abscess of a patient on long-term immunosuppressive therapy. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:605-608. [PMID: 33577013 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202101_24618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nocardia kroppenstedtii was isolated from the spinal vertebral abscess of a 78-year-old patient presenting with mid-thoracic pain and bilateral lower limb weakness and numbness. The patient was on long-term immunosuppressive therapy with steroids for underlying autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Investigations showed a T5 pathological fracture and vertebra plana with the erosion of the superior and inferior endplates. There was evidence of paraspinal collection from the T4-T6 vertebrae with an extension into the spinal canal. Analysis of Nocardia 16S rRNA (99.9%, 1395/1396 nt) and secA1 gene (99.5%, 429/431 nt) fragments showed the highest sequence similarity with Nocardia kroppenstedtii type strain (DQ157924), and next with Nocardia farcinica (Z36936). The patient was treated with intravenous carbapenem and oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for four weeks, followed by another six months of oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Despite the improvement of neurological deficits, the patient required assistive devices to ambulate at discharge. This study reports the first isolation of N. kroppenstedtii from the spinal vertebral abscess of a patient from Asia. Infections caused by N. kroppenstedtii may be underdiagnosed as the bacterium can be misidentified as N. farcinica in the absence of molecular tests in the clinical laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Tay
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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11
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Fradet Y, Bellmunt J, Vaughn DJ, Lee JL, Fong L, Vogelzang NJ, Climent MA, Petrylak DP, Choueiri TK, Necchi A, Gerritsen W, Gurney H, Quinn DI, Culine S, Sternberg CN, Nam K, Frenkl TL, Perini RF, de Wit R, Bajorin DF. Randomized phase III KEYNOTE-045 trial of pembrolizumab versus paclitaxel, docetaxel, or vinflunine in recurrent advanced urothelial cancer: results of >2 years of follow-up. Ann Oncol 2020; 30:970-976. [PMID: 31050707 PMCID: PMC6594457 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Novel second-line treatments are needed for patients with advanced urothelial cancer (UC). Interim analysis of the phase III KEYNOTE-045 study showed a superior overall survival (OS) benefit of pembrolizumab, a programmed death 1 inhibitor, versus chemotherapy in patients with advanced UC that progressed on platinum-based chemotherapy. Here we report the long-term safety and efficacy outcomes of KEYNOTE-045. Patients and methods Adult patients with histologically/cytologically confirmed UC whose disease progressed after first-line, platinum-containing chemotherapy were enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned 1 : 1 to receive pembrolizumab [200 mg every 3 weeks (Q3W)] or investigator’s choice of paclitaxel (175 mg/m2 Q3W), docetaxel (75 mg/m2 Q3W), or vinflunine (320 mg/m2 Q3W). Primary end points were OS and progression-free survival (PFS) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1 (RECIST v1.1) by blinded independent central radiology review (BICR). A key secondary end point was objective response rate per RECIST v1.1 by BICR. Results A total of 542 patients were enrolled (pembrolizumab, n = 270; chemotherapy, n = 272). Median follow-up as of 26 October 2017 was 27.7 months. Median 1- and 2-year OS rates were higher with pembrolizumab (44.2% and 26.9%, respectively) than chemotherapy (29.8% and 14.3%, respectively). PFS rates did not differ between treatment arms; however, 1- and 2-year PFS rates were higher with pembrolizumab. The objective response rate was also higher with pembrolizumab (21.1% versus 11.0%). Median duration of response to pembrolizumab was not reached (range 1.6+ to 30.0+ months) versus chemotherapy (4.4 months; range 1.4+ to 29.9+ months). Pembrolizumab had lower rates of any grade (62.0% versus 90.6%) and grade ≥3 (16.5% versus 50.2%) treatment-related adverse events than chemotherapy. Conclusions Long-term results (>2 years’ follow-up) were consistent with those of previously reported analyses, demonstrating continued clinical benefit of pembrolizumab over chemotherapy for efficacy and safety for treatment of locally advanced/metastatic, platinum-refractory UC. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02256436.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fradet
- Department of Surgery/Urology, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Canada.
| | - J Bellmunt
- Department of Medical Oncology, PSMAR-IMIM Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain and Harvard Medical School University, Boston, USA
| | - D J Vaughn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - J L Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - L Fong
- Department of Medicine and Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - N J Vogelzang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA
| | - M A Climent
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, Spain
| | - D P Petrylak
- Division of Medical Oncology, Smilow Cancer Hospital at Yale University, New Haven
| | - T K Choueiri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - A Necchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - W Gerritsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - H Gurney
- Department of Medical Oncology, Westmead Hospital and Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - D I Quinn
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - S Culine
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - C N Sternberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian, New York
| | - K Nam
- Department of Medical Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, USA
| | - T L Frenkl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, USA
| | - R F Perini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, USA
| | - R de Wit
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D F Bajorin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
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12
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Choueiri TK, Motzer RJ, Rini BI, Haanen J, Campbell MT, Venugopal B, Kollmannsberger C, Gravis-Mescam G, Uemura M, Lee JL, Grimm MO, Gurney H, Schmidinger M, Larkin J, Atkins MB, Pal SK, Wang J, Mariani M, Krishnaswami S, Cislo P, Chudnovsky A, Fowst C, Huang B, di Pietro A, Albiges L. Updated efficacy results from the JAVELIN Renal 101 trial: first-line avelumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1030-1039. [PMID: 32339648 PMCID: PMC8436592 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phase 3 JAVELIN Renal 101 trial (NCT02684006) demonstrated significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) with first-line avelumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). We report updated efficacy data from the second interim analysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Treatment-naive patients with aRCC were randomized (1 : 1) to receive avelumab (10 mg/kg) intravenously every 2 weeks plus axitinib (5 mg) orally twice daily or sunitinib (50 mg) orally once daily for 4 weeks (6-week cycle). The two independent primary end points were PFS and overall survival (OS) among patients with programmed death ligand 1-positive (PD-L1+) tumors. Key secondary end points were OS and PFS in the overall population. RESULTS Of 886 patients, 442 were randomized to the avelumab plus axitinib arm and 444 to the sunitinib arm; 270 and 290 had PD-L1+ tumors, respectively. After a minimum follow-up of 13 months (data cut-off 28 January 2019), PFS was significantly longer in the avelumab plus axitinib arm than in the sunitinib arm {PD-L1+ population: hazard ratio (HR) 0.62 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.490-0.777]}; one-sided P < 0.0001; median 13.8 (95% CI 10.1-20.7) versus 7.0 months (95% CI 5.7-9.6); overall population: HR 0.69 (95% CI 0.574-0.825); one-sided P < 0.0001; median 13.3 (95% CI 11.1-15.3) versus 8.0 months (95% CI 6.7-9.8)]. OS data were immature [PD-L1+ population: HR 0.828 (95% CI 0.596-1.151); one-sided P = 0.1301; overall population: HR 0.796 (95% CI 0.616-1.027); one-sided P = 0.0392]. CONCLUSION Among patients with previously untreated aRCC, treatment with avelumab plus axitinib continued to result in a statistically significant improvement in PFS versus sunitinib; OS data were still immature. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER NCT02684006.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Choueiri
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA.
| | - R J Motzer
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - B I Rini
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - J Haanen
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M T Campbell
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - B Venugopal
- University of Glasgow, Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - G Gravis-Mescam
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Department of Medical Oncology, Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, CRCM, Marseille, France
| | - M Uemura
- Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - J L Lee
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - M-O Grimm
- Jena University Hospital, Department of Urology, Jena, Germany
| | - H Gurney
- Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Schmidinger
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Larkin
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M B Atkins
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - S K Pal
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - C Fowst
- Pfizer Italia SRL, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - L Albiges
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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13
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Gross-Goupil M, Kwon TG, Eto M, Ye D, Miyake H, Seo SI, Byun SS, Lee JL, Master V, Jin J, DeBenedetto R, Linke R, Casey M, Rosbrook B, Lechuga M, Valota O, Grande E, Quinn DI. Axitinib versus placebo as an adjuvant treatment of renal cell carcinoma: results from the phase III, randomized ATLAS trial. Ann Oncol 2018; 29:2371-2378. [PMID: 30346481 PMCID: PMC6311952 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ATLAS trial compared axitinib versus placebo in patients with locoregional renal cell carcinoma (RCC) at risk of recurrence after nephrectomy. Patients and methods In a phase III, randomized, double-blind trial, patients had >50% clear-cell RCC, had undergone nephrectomy, and had no evidence of macroscopic residual or metastatic disease [independent review committee (IRC) confirmed]. The intent-to-treat population included all randomized patients [≥pT2 and/or N+, any Fuhrman grade (FG), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group status 0/1]. Patients (stratified by risk group/country) received (1 : 1) oral twice-daily axitinib 5 mg or placebo for ≤3 years, with a 1-year minimum unless recurrence, occurrence of second primary malignancy, significant toxicity, or consent withdrawal. The primary end point was disease-free survival (DFS) per IRC. A prespecified DFS analysis in the highest-risk subpopulation (pT3, FG ≥ 3 or pT4 and/or N+, any T, any FG) was conducted. Results A total of 724 patients (363 versus 361, axitinib versus placebo) were randomized from 8 May 2012, to 1 July 2016. The trial was stopped due to futility at a preplanned interim analysis at 203 DFS events. There was no significant difference in DFS per IRC [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.870; 95% confidence interval (CI) : 0.660-1.147; P = 0.3211). In the highest-risk subpopulation, a 36% and 27% reduction in risk of a DFS event (HR; 95% CI) was observed per investigator (0.641; 0.468-0.879; P = 0.0051), and by IRC (0.735; 0.525-1.028; P = 0.0704), respectively. Overall survival data were not mature. Similar adverse events (AEs; 99% versus 92%) and serious AEs (19% versus 14%), but more grade 3/4 AEs (61% versus 30%) were reported for axitinib versus placebo. Conclusions ATLAS did not meet its primary end point; however, improvement in DFS per investigator was seen in the highest-risk subpopulation. No new safety signals were reported. Trial registration number NCT01599754.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gross-Goupil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - T G Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - M Eto
- Department of Urology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - D Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - H Miyake
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - S I Seo
- Department of Urology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-S Byun
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - J L Lee
- Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - V Master
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - J Jin
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Beijing, China
| | | | - R Linke
- SFJ Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Pleasanton, USA
| | - M Casey
- Pfizer Inc, Collegeville, USA
| | | | - M Lechuga
- Pfizer Srl, Global Product Development, Milan, Italy
| | - O Valota
- Pfizer Srl, Global Product Development, Milan, Italy
| | - E Grande
- Department of Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - D I Quinn
- Department of Medical Oncology, USC Keck School of Medicine Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, USA.
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14
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Jang JK, Lee JL, Park SH, Park HJ, Park IJ, Kim JH, Choi SH, Kim J, Yu CS, Kim JC. Magnetic resonance tumour regression grade and pathological correlates in patients with rectal cancer. Br J Surg 2018; 105:1671-1679. [PMID: 29893988 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence to support the specific use of magnetic resonance tumour regression grade (mrTRG) is inadequate. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathological characteristics of mrTRG after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for rectal cancer and the implications for surgery. METHODS Patients undergoing long-course CRT (45-50 Gy plus a booster dose of 4-6 Gy) for mid or low rectal cancer (cT3-4 or cN+ without metastasis) between 2011 and 2015 who had post-CRT rectal MRI before surgery were included retrospectively. Three board-certified experienced radiologists assessed mrTRG. mrTRG was correlated with pathological tumour regression grade (pTRG), ypT and ypN. In a subgroup of patients with mrTRG1-2 and no tumour spread (such as nodal metastasis) on MRI, the projected rate of completion total mesorectal excision (TME) if they underwent transanal excision (TAE) and had a ypT status of ypT2 or higher was estimated, and recurrence-free survival was calculated according to the operation (TME or TAE) that patients had actually received. RESULTS Some 439 patients (290 men and 149 women of mean(s.d.) age 62·2(11·4) years) were analysed. The accuracy of mrTRG1 for predicting pTRG1 was 61 per cent (40 of 66), and that for ypT1 or less was 74 per cent (49 of 66). For mrTRG2, these values were 22·3 per cent (25 of 112) and 36·6 per cent (41 of 112) respectively. Patients with mrTRG1 and mrTRG2 without tumour spread were ypN+ in 3 per cent (1 of 29) and 16 per cent (8 of 50) respectively. Assuming mrTRG1 or mrTRG1-2 with no tumour spread on post-CRT MRI as the criteria for TAE, the projected completion TME rate was 26 per cent (11 of 43) and 41·0 per cent (41 of 100) respectively. For the 100 patients with mrTRG1-2 and no tumour spread, recurrence-free survival did not differ significantly between TME (79 patients) and TAE (21) (adjusted hazard ratio 1·86, 95 per cent c.i. 0·42 to 8·18). CONCLUSION Patients with mrTRG1 without tumour spread may be suitable for TAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Jang
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J L Lee
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S H Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H J Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - I J Park
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S H Choi
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - C S Yu
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J C Kim
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
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Chan WK, Yeoh KY, Lim CY, Lai SM, Lee JL, Leow AHR, Goh KL. Hepatitis B virus infection among children of hepatitis B surface antigen positive mothers in a Malaysian hospital. Med J Malaysia 2018; 73:137-140. [PMID: 29962496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There have been no published data on the transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among children of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive mothers in Malaysia. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of all the children of HBsAg-positive mothers who delivered at the University of Malaya Medical Centre between 1993 and 2000. RESULTS A total of 60 HBsAg-positive mothers and their 154 children participated in the study. HBsAg was detected in four children (2.6%) while IgG antibody to the hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc IgG) was detected in seventeen children (11.0%). The mother's age at childbirth was significantly lower in the children with detectable HBsAg (22.5±6.1 years vs. 29.7±4.5 years, p=0.043) and anti-HBc IgG (26.6±6.1 years vs. 30.0±4.3 years, p=0.004). Children born in the 1980s were significantly more likely to have detectable HBsAg (18.8% vs. 0.7%, p=0.004) and anti-HBc IgG (37.5% vs. 8.0%, p=0.000) compared with those born later. All children with detectable HBsAg were born via spontaneous vaginal delivery, and hepatitis B immunoglobulin was either not given or the administration status was unknown. The majority of mothers with chronic HBV infection (70.4%) were not under any regular follow-up for their chronic HBV infection and the main reason was the lack of awareness of the need to do so (47.4%). CONCLUSION Transmission of HBV infection among children of HBsAg-positive mothers in Malaysia is low. However, attention needs to be given to the high rate of HBsAgpositive mothers who are not on any regular follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Chan
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - K Y Yeoh
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C Y Lim
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S M Lai
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J L Lee
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A H R Leow
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K L Goh
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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16
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Voss MH, Hussain A, Vogelzang N, Lee JL, Keam B, Rha SY, Vaishampayan U, Harris WB, Richey S, Randall JM, Shaffer D, Cohn A, Crowell T, Li J, Senderowicz A, Stone E, Figlin R, Motzer RJ, Haas NB, Hutson T. A randomized phase II trial of CRLX101 in combination with bevacizumab versus standard of care in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:2754-2760. [PMID: 28950297 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoparticle-drug conjugates enhance drug delivery to tumors. Gradual payload release inside cancer cells augments antitumor activity while reducing toxicity. CRLX101 is a novel nanoparticle-drug conjugate containing camptothecin, a potent inhibitor of topoisomerase I and the hypoxia-inducible factors 1α and 2α. In a phase Ib/2 trial, CRLX101 + bevacizumab was well tolerated with encouraging activity in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). We conducted a randomized phase II trial comparing CRLX101 + bevacizumab versus standard of care (SOC) in refractory mRCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with mRCC and 2-3 prior lines of therapy were randomized 1 : 1 to CRLX101 + bevacizumab versus SOC, defined as investigator's choice of any approved regimen not previously received. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) by blinded independent radiological review in patients with clear cell mRCC. Secondary end points included overall survival, objective response rate and safety. RESULTS In total, 111 patients were randomized and received ≥1 dose of drug (CRLX101 + bevacizumab, 55; SOC, 56). Within the SOC arm, patients received single-agent bevacizumab (19), axitinib (18), everolimus (7), pazopanib (4), sorafenib (4), sunitinib (2), or temsirolimus (2). In the clear cell population, the median PFS on the CRLX101 + bevacizumab and SOC arms was 3.7 months (95% confidence interval, 2.0-4.3) and 3.9 months (95% confidence interval 2.2-5.4), respectively (stratified log-rank P = 0.831). The objective response rate by IRR was 5% with CRLX101 + bevacizumab versus 14% with SOC (Mantel-Haenszel test, P = 0.836). Consistent with previous studies, the CRLX101 + bevacizumab combination was generally well tolerated, and no new safety signal was identified. CONCLUSIONS Despite promising efficacy data on the earlier phase Ib/2 trial of mRCC, this randomized trial did not demonstrate improvement in PFS for the CRLX101 + bevacizumab combination when compared with approved agents in patients with heavily pretreated clear cell mRCC. Further development in this disease is not planned. CLINICAL TRIAL IDENTIFICATION NCT02187302 (NIH).
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Voss
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York. mailto:
| | - A Hussain
- Department of Medicine, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore
| | - N Vogelzang
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas; US Oncology Research, USA
| | - J L Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - B Keam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul
| | - S Y Rha
- Department of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - U Vaishampayan
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit
| | - W B Harris
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta
| | - S Richey
- US Oncology Research, USA; Department of Medicine, Texas Oncology, Fort Worth
| | - J M Randall
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - D Shaffer
- US Oncology Research, USA; Department of Medicine, Albany Medical Center, NYOH, Albany
| | - A Cohn
- US Oncology Research, USA; Department of Clinical Research, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver
| | - T Crowell
- Department of Medicine, Cerulean Pharma Inc., Waltham
| | - J Li
- Department of Medicine, Cerulean Pharma Inc., Waltham
| | - A Senderowicz
- Department of Medicine, Cerulean Pharma Inc., Waltham
| | - E Stone
- Department of Medicine, Cerulean Pharma Inc., Waltham
| | - R Figlin
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles
| | - R J Motzer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - N B Haas
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - T Hutson
- US Oncology Research, USA; Department of Medicine, Texas Oncology, Dallas, USA
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Carlson JK, Pollack AG, Driggers WB, Castro JI, Brame AB, Lee JL. Revised analyses suggest that the lesser electric ray Narcine bancroftii is not at risk of extinction. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2017. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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18
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Sonpavde G, Pond GR, Di Lorenzo G, Buonerba C, Rozzi A, Lanzetta G, Necchi A, Giannatempo P, Raggi D, Matsumoto K, Choueiri TK, Mullane S, Niegisch G, Albers P, Lee JL, Kitamura H, Kume H, Bellmunt J. Impact of Prior Platinum-Based Therapy on Patients Receiving Salvage Systemic Treatment for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2016; 14:494-498. [PMID: 27262369 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trials of salvage therapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma have required prior platinum-based therapy. This practice requires scrutiny because non-platinum-based first-line therapy may be offered to cisplatin-ineligible patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data of patients receiving salvage systemic chemotherapy were collected. Data on prior first-line platinum exposure were required in addition to treatment-free interval, hemoglobin, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, albumin, and liver metastasis status. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to evaluate their association with overall survival (OS) after accounting for salvage single-agent or combination chemotherapy. RESULTS Data were obtained from 455 patients previously exposed to platinum-based therapy and 37 not exposed to platinum. In the group exposed to prior platinum therapy, salvage therapy consisted of a single-agent taxane (n = 184) or a taxane-containing combination chemotherapy (n = 271). In the group not exposed to prior platinum therapy, salvage therapy consisted of taxane or vinflunine (n = 20), 5-fluorouracil (n = 1), taxane-containing combination chemotherapy (n = 12), carboplatin-based combinations (n = 2), and cisplatin-based combinations (n = 2). The median OS for the prior platinum therapy group was 7.8 months (95% confidence interval, 7.0, 8.1), and for the group that had not received prior platinum therapy was 9.0 months (95% confidence interval, 6.0, 11.0; P = .50). In the multivariable analysis, prior platinum therapy versus no prior platinum exposure did not confer an independent impact on OS (hazard ratio, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.75, 1.64; P = .62). CONCLUSION Prior platinum- versus non-platinum-based chemotherapy did not have a prognostic impact on OS after accounting for major prognostic factors in patients receiving salvage systemic chemotherapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma. Lack of prior platinum therapy should not disqualify patients from inclusion onto trials of salvage therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sonpavde
- UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL.
| | - G R Pond
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - C Buonerba
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata IRCCS, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - A Rozzi
- Istituto Neurotraumatologico Italiano, Grottaferrata, Italy
| | - G Lanzetta
- Istituto Neurotraumatologico Italiano, Grottaferrata, Italy
| | - A Necchi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - P Giannatempo
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - D Raggi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - K Matsumoto
- Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - T K Choueiri
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - S Mullane
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - G Niegisch
- Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - P Albers
- Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - J L Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H Kitamura
- Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Kume
- University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Bellmunt
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Lee JL, Kim MK, Park I, Ahn JH, Lee DH, Ryoo HM, Song C, Hong B, Hong JH, Ahn H. RandomizEd phase II trial of Sunitinib four weeks on and two weeks off versus Two weeks on and One week off in metastatic clear-cell type REnal cell carcinoma: RESTORE trial. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:2300-5. [PMID: 26347107 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The standard sunitinib schedule, 4 weeks on, followed by 2 weeks off (4/2 schedule), is associated with troublesome toxicities, and maintenance of adequate sunitinib dosing and drug levels, which are essential for achieving an optimal treatment outcome, is challenging. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of an alternative sunitinib dosing schedule of 2 weeks on and 1 week off (2/1 schedule) compared with the standard sunitinib schedule of 4 weeks on and 2 weeks off (4/2 schedule). PATIENTS AND METHODS In this multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase II trial, treatment-naïve patients with clear-cell type metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) were randomly assigned to 4/2 or 2/1 schedules after stratification by Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center risk group and the presence or absence of measurable lesions. The primary end point was the 6-month failure-free survival (FFS) rate, determined by intention-to-treat analysis. RESULTS From November 2007 to February 2014, 76 patients were accrued, and 74 were eligible. FFS rates at 6 months were 44% with the 4/2 schedule (N = 36) and 63% with the 2/1 schedule (N = 38). Neutropenia (all grades, 61% versus 37%; grade 3-4, 28% versus 11%) and fatigue (all grades, 83% versus 58%) were more frequently observed with schedule 4/2. There was a strong tendency toward a lower incidence of stomatitis, hand-foot syndrome, and rash with schedule 2/1. Objective response rates (ORRs) were 47% in schedule 2/1 and 36% in schedule 4/2. With a median follow-up of 30.0 months, the median time to progression (TTP) was 12.1 months in schedule 2/1 and 10.1 months in schedule 4/2. CONCLUSION Sunitinib administered with a 2/1 schedule is associated with less toxicity and higher FFS at 6 months than a 4/2 schedule, without compromising the efficacy in terms of ORR and TTP (NCT00570882).
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - M K Kim
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu
| | - I Park
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Inchon
| | - J-H Ahn
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - H M Ryoo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu
| | - C Song
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - B Hong
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Hong
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Ahn
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Desjouy C, Fouqueray M, Lo CW, Muleki Seya P, Lee JL, Bera JC, Chen WS, Inserra C. Counterbalancing the use of ultrasound contrast agents by a cavitation-regulated system. Ultrason Sonochem 2015; 26:163-168. [PMID: 25682465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The stochastic behavior of cavitation can lead to major problems of initiation and maintenance of cavitation during sonication, responsible of poor reproducibility of US-induced bioeffects in the context of sonoporation for instance. To overcome these disadvantages, the injection of ultrasound contrast agents as cavitation nuclei ensures fast initiation and lower acoustic intensities required for cavitation activity. More recently, regulated-cavitation devices based on the real-time modulation of the applied acoustic intensity have shown their potential to maintain a stable cavitation state during an ultrasonic shot, in continuous or pulsed wave conditions. In this paper is investigated the interest, in terms of cavitation activity, of using such regulated-cavitation device or injecting ultrasound contrast agents in the sonicated medium. When using fixed applied acoustic intensity, results showed that introducing ultrasound contrast agents increases reproducibility of cavitation activity (coefficient of variation 62% and 22% without and with UCA, respectively). Moreover, the use of the regulated-cavitation device ensures a given cavitation activity (coefficient of variation less 0.4% in presence of UCAs or not). This highlights the interest of controlling cavitation over time to free cavitation-based application from the use of UCAs. Interestingly, during a one minute sonication, while ultrasound contrast agents progressively disappear, the regulated-cavitation device counterbalance their destruction to sustain a stable inertial cavitation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Desjouy
- INSERM, U1032, LabTAU, Universit Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 151 Cours Albert Thomas, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - M Fouqueray
- INSERM, U1032, LabTAU, Universit Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 151 Cours Albert Thomas, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - C W Lo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital & National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No.7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - P Muleki Seya
- INSERM, U1032, LabTAU, Universit Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 151 Cours Albert Thomas, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - J L Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital & National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No.7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - J C Bera
- INSERM, U1032, LabTAU, Universit Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 151 Cours Albert Thomas, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - W S Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital & National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No.7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - C Inserra
- INSERM, U1032, LabTAU, Universit Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 151 Cours Albert Thomas, 69003 Lyon, France
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21
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Yoon YS, Kim J, Hong SM, Lee JL, Kim CW, Park IJ, Lim SB, Yu CS, Kim JC. Clinical implications of mucinous components correlated with microsatellite instability in patients with colorectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 2015; 17:O161-7. [PMID: 26095997 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Colorectal cancer (CRC) with microsatellite instability (MSI) is characterized by frequent poor differentiation or mucinous histology. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of MSI with clinicopathological features and the oncological outcome in patients with a mucinous component. METHOD CRC tissue samples were analysed for histology and MSI. Patients were grouped according to the mucinous content of the tumour, as follows: > 50%, mucinous adenocarcinoma (MA); ≤ 50%, adenocarcinoma with mucinous component (AMC); none, nonmucinous adenocarcinoma (NMA). Clinicopathological parameters and survival were compared between patient groups. RESULTS Of 2025 patients, 84 (4%) had MA and 124 (6%) had AMC. In addition, 202 (10%) had MSI. Patients with MA and AMC tended to have a younger age of onset, right-colon predilection, large-sized tumour and high frequency of MSI compared with those with NMA (P < 0.001). MA and AMC patients with MSI showed a trend towards right-colon predilection and infrequent lymph-node metastasis compared with those with microsatellite stability (MSS; P = 0.005-0.03). There were no survival differences between the three groups, but patients with MSI-MA demonstrated lower 4-year recurrence and better overall survival rates than those with MSS-MA (P = 0.018 and P = 0.046, respectively). CONCLUSION Clinicopathological features of AMC and MA were similar and closely associated with MSI status. Although the prognoses of AMC and MA were no different from that of NMA, survival of patients with an MSI-MA tumour was significantly better than for those with MSS-MA tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Yoon
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-M Hong
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J L Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - C W Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - I J Park
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-B Lim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - C S Yu
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J C Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Lo CW, Liao WH, Wu CH, Lee JL, Sun MK, Yang HS, Tsai WB, Chang Y, Chen WS. Synergistic Effect of PEI and PDMAEMA on Transgene Expression in Vitro. Langmuir 2015; 31:6130-6136. [PMID: 25985827 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylenimine (PEI) and poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) have both been used for DNA delivery. PDMAEMA has been shown to exhibit better gene transfection efficiency but lower expression ability than PEI. We mixed the two polymers at different ratios to investigate whether the resulting "dual" polyplex (PEI/PDMAEMA/DNA) could enhance both gene transfection efficiency and DNA expression ability. Experimental results showed a significant increase in DNA internalization and DNA expression for the PDMAEMA/PEI/DNA polyplexes at a ratio of 1:3 or 1:9 (PDMAEMA: PEI), depending on cell type, in comparison with PEI/DNA, PDMAEMA/DNA, and PDMAEMA/PEI/DNA at other ratios. PDMAEMA/PEI/DNA polyplexes did not reduce cell viability. In contrast to with the conventional approach using covalently modified PEI, the proposed "combination" approach provided a more convenient and effective way to improve transgene expression efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wen Lo
- †Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Wei-Hao Liao
- †Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Chueh-Hung Wu
- †Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
- ‡Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Jyun-Lin Lee
- †Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Ming-Kuan Sun
- ⊥Division of Medical Engineering Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Bor Tsai
- §Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | | | - Wen-Shiang Chen
- †Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
- ⊥Division of Medical Engineering Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
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Hickey ME, Richards GP, Lee JL. Development of a two-step, non-probed multiplex real-time PCR for surveilling Vibrio anguillarum in seawater. J Fish Dis 2015; 38:551-559. [PMID: 25039502 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio anguillarum is an aggressive and halophilic bacterial pathogen most commonly originating from seawater. Vibrio anguillarum presence in fisheries and aquaculture facilities causes significant morbidity and mortality among aquaculture species primarily from haemorrhaging of the body and skin of the infected fish that eventually leads to death, collectively recognized as the disease vibriosis. This study served to develop a non-probe, multiplex real-time PCR assay to rapidly detect V. anguillarum presence in seawater. Specific primers targeting genes vah1, empA and rpoN of V. anguillarum were selected for multiplex reaction among 11 different primer sets and the extension step was eliminated. Primer concentration, denaturation time as well as annealing time and temperature of DNA amplification were optimized, thus reducing reaction duration. The two-step, non-probed multiplex real-time PCR set forth by this study detects as little as 3 CFU mL(-1) of V. anguillarum presence in sea water, without enrichment cultivation, in 70 min with molecular precision and includes melting curve confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Hickey
- Department of Human Ecology, Food Science Program, College of Agricultural and Related Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA
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Tsai WB, Lai HY, Lee JL, Lo CW, Chen WS. Enhancement of the cytotoxicity and selectivity of doxorubicin to hepatoma cells by synergistic combination of galactose-decorated γ-poly(glutamic acid) nanoparticles and low-intensity ultrasound. Langmuir 2014; 30:5510-5517. [PMID: 24754730 DOI: 10.1021/la500352g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Specific drug delivery to solid tumors remains one of the challenges in cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to combine three drug-targeting strategies, polymer-drug conjugate, ligand presentation and ultrasound treatment, to enhance the efficacy and selectivity of doxorubicin (DXR) to hepatoma cells. The conjugation of DXR to γ-poly(glutamic acids) (γ-PGA) decreased the cytotoxicity of DXR, while the conjugation of galactosamine (Gal) to the γ-PGA-DXR conjugate restored the cytotoxic efficacy of DXR on hepatoma cells due to increased uptake of DXR. Furthermore, low-intensity ultrasound treatment increased the cell-killing ability of γ-PGA-DXR conjugates by 20%. The in vitro results showed the potential of the γ-PGA-DXR-Gal conjugate for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bor Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University , Number 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Lo CW, Chang Y, Lee JL, Tsai WB, Chen WS. Tertiary-amine functionalized polyplexes enhanced cellular uptake and prolonged gene expression. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97627. [PMID: 24827929 PMCID: PMC4020921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound (US) has been found to facilitate the transport of DNA across cell membranes. However, the transfection efficiency is generally low, and the expression duration of the transfected gene is brief. In this study, a tertiary polycation, Poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA), was used as a carrier for US-mediated gene transfection. Its in-vitro and in-vivo effects on the transfection efficiency and the expression duration were evaluated. A mixture of pCI-neo-luc and PDMAEMA was transfected to cultured cells or mouse muscle by exposure to 1-MHz pulse US. A strong expression of luciferase was found 10 days after the transfection in vitro regardless of US exposure. However, effective transfection only occurred in the US groups in vivo. The transfection ability depended on the weight ratio of PDMAEMA to DNA, and was different for the in-vitro and in-vivo conditions. Lower weight ratios, e.g., 0.25, exhibited better in-vivo expression for at least 45 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wen Lo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yung Chang
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Jhong-Li, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jyun-Lin Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Bor Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Shiang Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- * E-mail:
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Lee JL, Lo CW, Inserra C, Béra JC, Chen WS. Ultrasound enhanced PEI-mediated gene delivery through increasing the intracellular calcium level and PKC-δ protein expression. Pharm Res 2014; 31:2354-66. [PMID: 24623478 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1332-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polyethylenimine (PEI), a cationic polymer, has been shown to aggregate plasmid DNA and facilitate its internalization. It has also been shown that combining ultrasound (US) with PEI could enhance and prolong in vitro and in vivo transgene expression. However, the role US in the enhancement of PEI uptake is poorly understood. This study investigates the impact of US on PEI-mediated gene transfection. METHODS Specific endocytosis pathway siRNA, including clathrin HC siRNA, caveolin-1 siRNA and protein kinase C-delta (PKC-δ) siRNA, are used to block the corresponding endocytosis pathways prior to the transfection of luciferase DNA/PEI polyplexes to cultured cells by 1-MHz pulsed US with ultrasound contrast agent SonoVue®. RESULTS Transgene expression was found not to be enhanced by US treatment in the presence of the PKC-δ siRNA. We further demonstrated that PKC-δ protein could be enhanced at 6 h after US exposure. Moreover, intracellular calcium levels were found to be significantly increased at 3 h after US exposure, while transgene expressions were significantly reduced in the presence of calcium channel blockers both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that US enhanced PEI-mediated gene transfection specifically by increasing PKC-δ related fluid phase endocytosis, which was induced by increasing the intracellular calcium levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyun-Lin Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Fury MG, Sherman EJ, Rao SS, Wolden S, Smith-Marrone S, Mueller B, Ng KK, Dutta PR, Gelblum DY, Lee JL, Shen R, Kurz S, Katabi N, Haque S, Lee NY, Pfister DG. Phase I study of weekly nab-paclitaxel + weekly cetuximab + intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in patients with stage III-IVB head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Ann Oncol 2014; 25:689-694. [PMID: 24496920 PMCID: PMC4433511 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a clinical need to improve the efficacy of standard cetuximab + concurrent intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for patients with locally and/or regionally advanced HNSCC. Taxanes have radiosensitizing activity against HNSCC, and nab-paclitaxel may offer therapeutic advantage in comparison with other taxanes. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a single-institution phase I study with a modified 3 + 3 design. Four dose levels (DLs) of weekly nab-paclitaxel were explored (30, 45, 60, and 80 mg/m(2)), given with standard weekly cetuximab (450 mg/m(2) loading dose followed by 250 mg/m(2) weekly) and concurrent IMRT (total dose, 70 Gy). RESULTS Twenty-five eligible patients (20 M, 5 F) enrolled, with median age 58 years (range, 46-84 years). Primary tumor sites were oropharynx, 19 (10 human papillomavirus [HPV] pos, 8 HPV neg, 1 not done); neck node with unknown primary, 2; larynx 2; and oral cavity and maxillary sinus, 1 each. Seven patients had received prior induction chemotherapy. Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was exceeded at DL4 (nab-paclitaxel, 80 mg/m(2)) with three dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) (grade 3 neuropathy, grade 3 dehydration, with grade 3 mucositis grade 3 anemia) among five assessable patients. There was only one DLT (grade 3 supraventricular tachycardia) among six patients at DL3 (nab-paclitaxel, 60 mg/m(2)), and this was deemed the MTD. Among 23 assessable patients, the most common ≥ g3 AEs were lymphopenia 100%, functional mucositis 65%, and pain in throat/oral cavity 52%. At a median follow-up of 33 months, 2-year failure-free survival (FFS) is 65% [95% confidence interval (CI) 42% to 81%] and 2-year overall survival (OS) is 91% (95% CI 69-97). CONCLUSION The recommended phase II dose for nab-paclitaxel is 60 mg/m(2) weekly when given standard weekly cetuximab and concurrent IMRT. This regimen merits further study as a nonplatinum alternative to IMRT + cetuximab alone. CLINICALTRIALSGOV ID NCT00736619.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Albumins/adverse effects
- Albumins/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiotherapy
- Cetuximab
- Chemoradiotherapy
- Combined Modality Therapy/adverse effects
- ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Female
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/mortality
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Humans
- Male
- Maximum Tolerated Dose
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Paclitaxel/adverse effects
- Paclitaxel/therapeutic use
- Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - B Mueller
- Radiation Oncology, MSKCC Regional Network Affiliate, Sleepy Hollow
| | | | - P R Dutta
- Radiation Oncology, MSKCC Regional Network Affiliate, Rockville Center
| | | | - J L Lee
- Radiation Oncology, MSKCC Regional Network Affiliate, Commack, USA
| | - R Shen
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | | | | | - S Haque
- Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York
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Lo CW, Desjouy C, Chen SR, Lee JL, Inserra C, Béra JC, Chen WS. Stabilizing in vitro ultrasound-mediated gene transfection by regulating cavitation. Ultrason Sonochem 2014; 21:833-839. [PMID: 24216067 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that acoustic cavitation can facilitate the inward transport of genetic materials across cell membranes (sonoporation). However, partially due to the unstationary behavior of the initiation and leveling of cavitation, the sonoporation effect is usually unstable, especially in low intensity conditions. A system which is able to regulate the cavitation level during sonication by modulating the applied acoustic intensity with a feedback loop is implemented and its effect on in vitro gene transfection is tested. The regulated system provided better time stability and reproducibility of the cavitation levels than the unregulated conditions. Cultured hepatoma cells (BNL) mixed with 10 μg luciferase plasmids are exposed to 1-MHz pulsed ultrasound with or without cavitation regulation, and the gene transfection efficiency and cell viability are subsequently assessed. Experimental results show that for all exposure intensities (low, medium, and high), stable and intensity dependent, although not higher, gene expression could be achieved in the regulated cavitation system than the unregulated conditions. The cavitation regulation system provides a better control of cavitation and its bioeffect which are crucial important for clinical applications of ultrasound-mediated gene transfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wen Lo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital & National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan
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An HJ, Choi EK, Kim JS, Hong SW, Moon JH, Shin JS, Ha SH, Kim KP, Hong YS, Lee JL, Choi EK, Lee JS, Jin DH, Kim TW. INCB018424 induces apoptotic cell death through the suppression of pJAK1 in human colon cancer cells. Neoplasma 2014; 61:56-62. [PMID: 24195509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Janus kinase (JAK) is one of the main upstream activators of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) that are constitutively activated in various malignancies and are associated with cell growth, survival, and carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated the role of JAKs in colorectal cancer in order to develop effective therapeutic targets for INCB018424, which is the first JAK1/2 inhibitor to be approved by FDA. After examining the basal expression levels of phospho-JAK1 and phospho-JAK2, we measured the effects of INCB018424 on the phosphorylation of JAK1/2 using western blot analysis. Cell viability was determined using the trypan blue exclusion assay. The cell death mechanism was identified by the activation of caspase 3 using western blot and annexin V staining. The basal levels of phospho-JAK1 and phospho-JAK2 were cancer cell type dependent. Colorectal cancer cell lines that phosphorylate both JAK1 and JAK2 include DLD-1 and RKO. INCB018424 inactivates both JAK1 and JAK2 in DLD-1 cells but inactivates only JAK1 in RKO cells. Cell death was proportional to the inactivation of JAK1 but not JAK2. INCB018424 causes caspase-dependent cell death, which is prevented by treatment with z-VAD. The inhibition of JAK1 phosphorylation seemed sufficient to allow INCB018424-mediated apoptosis. JAK1 is a key molecule that is involved in colon cancer cell survival and the inhibition of JAK1 by INCB01424 results in caspase-dependent apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. The use of selective JAK1 inhibitors could be an attractive therapy against colorectal cancer, but further clinical investigations are needed to test this possibility.
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Abstract
Prolongation of gastrointestinal transit resulting in nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) is the most common phenomenon during the first trimester of pregnancy. Increased human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) concentration during the first trimester is the most likely cause of NVP. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hCG on gastrointestinal transit and plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin (CCK) in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats. I.p. injection of hCG was used to evaluate the dose effect of hCG on gastrointestinal transit in Ovx rats. The CCK antagonist lorglumide was used to clarify the role of CCK in regulating gastrointestinal transit. Gastrointestinal transit was assessed 15 min after intragastric gavage of a mixture of 10% charcoal and Na(2)(51)CrO(4) (0.5 μCi/ml). After i.p. administration of hCG, gastric emptying was inhibited in Ovx rats, but intestinal transit was not affected. Plasma CCK concentrations were increased in a dose-dependent manner after hCG treatment, and gastric emptying showed a significant negative correlation with CCK concentrations (P=0.01, r(2)=-0.5104). Peripheral administration (i.p.) of lorglumide, a selective CCK(1) receptor antagonist, attenuated the hCG-induced inhibition of gastric emptying in Ovx rats, whereas central administration via the i.c.v. route did not. hCG treatment of Ovx rats inhibits gastric emptying in a dose-dependent manner via a peripheral mechanism of CCK hypersecretion and activation of CCK(1) receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Min Seow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hur SJ, Ye BW, Lee JL, Ha YL, Park GB, Joo ST. Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on color and lipid oxidation of beef patties during cold storage. Meat Sci 2012; 66:771-5. [PMID: 22061007 DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(03)00104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2002] [Revised: 04/22/2003] [Accepted: 04/22/2003] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on color and lipid oxidation of beef patties were investigated. Ground beef was divided into three batches. The control patties were prepared with 90% lean meat and 10% tallow. The second treatment consisted of 90% lean meat with 9.5% tallow+0.5% CLA sources. The third treatment consisted of 90% lean meat with 8% tallow+2% CLA sources. The patties were wrap-packaged and then stored at 4° for 14 days. The CLA concentration significantly increased (P<0.05) by substituting CLA sources for fat. Storage of the patties did not alter the CLA concentration in beef patties. The treatment substituted with CLA sources had significantly lower TBARS (2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances) values (P<0.05) than the control. For oxymyoglobin contents and a* value, substituted CLA sources treatments had significantly higher values than the control. However, L* value significantly increased by substituting CLA sources for fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Hur
- Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Chinju, Kyeongnam 660-701, South Korea
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32
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Kale M, Ramsey-Goldman R, Bernatsky S, Urowitz MB, Gladman D, Fortin PR, Petri M, Yelin E, Manzi S, Edworthy S, Nived O, Bae SC, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Hanly JG, Gordon C, Jacobsen S, Ginzler E, Wallace DJ, Alarcón GS, Dooley MA, Gottesman L, Steinsson K, Zoma A, Senécal JL, Barr S, Sturfelt G, Dreyer L, Criswell L, Sibley J, Lee JL, Clarke AE. Lung cancer in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther 2012. [PMCID: PMC3467492 DOI: 10.1186/ar3949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Lu M, Ramsey-Goldman R, Bernatsky S, Petri M, Manzi S, Urowitz MB, Gladman D, Fortin PR, Ginzler E, Yelin E, Bae SC, Wallace DJ, Jacobsen S, Dooley MA, Peschken CA, Alarcón GS, Nived O, Gottesman L, Criswell L, Sturfelt G, Dreyer L, Lee JL, Clarke AE. Nonlymphoma hematological malignancies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther 2012. [PMCID: PMC3467541 DOI: 10.1186/ar3998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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34
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Lee JL, Lo CW, Ka SM, Chen A, Chen WS. Prolonging the expression duration of ultrasound-mediated gene transfection using PEI nanoparticles. J Control Release 2012; 160:64-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2011] [Revised: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Han SS, Lee M, Park GH, Bang SH, Kang YK, Kim TW, Lee JL, Chang HM, Ryu MH. Investigation of papulopustular eruptions caused by cetuximab treatment shows altered differentiation markers and increases in inflammatory cytokines. Br J Dermatol 2009; 162:371-9. [PMID: 19903175 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09536.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) critically regulates tumour cell division, survival and metastasis. Agents that inhibit EGFR have been used in the treatment of advanced-stage malignancies, but cause variable cutaneous side-effects, most often papulopustular eruptions and xerosis. OBJECTIVES We assayed expression of inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1alpha, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon (IFN)-gamma, human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1], differentiation markers (filaggrin, involucrin and loricrin) and phosphorylated EGFRs (pEGFRs) in papulopustular eruptions to determine the association between these markers and the eruptions caused by cetuximab. PATIENTS/METHODS Twelve papulopustular lesion biopsies were selected from patients with colon cancer who had received cetuximab treatment. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence with a confocal laser scanning microscopy were performed. RESULTS Filaggrin expression decreased and expression of involucrin, various inflammatory markers (IL-1alpha, TNF-alpha, ICAM-1 and HLA-DR) increased and the expression of pEGFR was markedly downregulated in papulopustular eruptions. In perilesions, decreased pEGFR expression was noted in hair follicles compared with interfollicular epidermis. The increase of IL-1alpha and TNF-alpha was observed in perilesions as in the lesions. CONCLUSIONS The early inflammatory events (IL-1alpha and TNF-alpha expression) seen, and the lack of pEGFR in perilesional follicles, indicate that inflammatory events induced by EGFR inhibition may initiate papulopustular eruptions along with the altered differentiations. The decrease of filaggrin may contribute to the pathogenesis of the xerosis caused by cetuximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Han
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, SongPa-Gu PyongNab-Dong, Seoul 138-736, Korea
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Lee WJ, Lee JL, Chang SE, Lee MW, Kang YK, Choi JH, Moon KC, Koh JK. Cutaneous adverse effects in patients treated with the multitargeted kinase inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib. Br J Dermatol 2009; 161:1045-51. [PMID: 19558553 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09290.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The multitargeted kinase inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib have improved treatment of solid tumours including renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma by offering better clinical responses. However, sorafenib and sunitinib are commonly associated with cutaneous toxicity. OBJECTIVES We conducted this study to make a clinical assessment of the cutaneous toxicities induced by the oral multitargeted kinase inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib. METHODS Retrospectively, we reviewed medical records of patients receiving multitargeted kinase inhibitors, including 109 patients on sorafenib for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma or hepatocellular carcinoma and 119 patients receiving sunitinib for treatment of renal cell carcinoma or a gastrointestinal stromal tumour. Clinical data on cutaneous toxicities were collated. We describe the incidences and intensities of toxicities, and analyse the data statistically. RESULTS The most common cutaneous toxicity was hand-and-foot skin reaction (HFSR). Other cutaneous toxicities included alopecia, stomatitis, skin discoloration (hair or face), subungual splinter haemorrhage, facial swelling, facial erythema and xerosis. HFSR and severe stomatitis required therapy modifications to relieve symptoms, but other cutaneous toxicities did not affect treatment course. HFSR was observed in 48% of patients treated with sorafenib and 36% of those treated with sunitinib. Median time to onset was 18.4 days in patients receiving sorafenib and 32.4 days in those receiving sunitinib. HFSR and stomatitis were early symptoms compared with other cutaneous toxicities. Patients with severe HFSR were likely to develop the symptoms at early phases of therapy. A significant correlation between the severity of HFSR and development of alopecia and stomatitis was found. CONCLUSIONS Multitargeted kinase inhibitors are associated with a significant risk of various cutaneous adverse events. HFSR is the commonest and most serious cutaneous toxicity in patients treated with these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Lee
- Departments of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1 Pungnapdong, Songpagu, Seoul 138-736, Korea
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Sangiorgio SN, Longjohn DB, Lee JL, Alexander JD, Dorr LD, Ebramzadeh E. Simulation of extreme loads on the proximal femur for implant fixation assessment. J Appl Biomater Biomech 2008; 6:72-80. [PMID: 20740449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Total joint replacement patients today are younger, heavier, and more active than total joint replacement patients 40 yrs ago. Consequently, patient expectations and prosthesis requirements have increased and there is a need to re-evaluate preclinical testing methods. We present the design rationale for a novel load simulator for the proximal femur, capable of applying a more aggressive load profile than previous simulators. This simulator was used to measure three-dimensional micromotion of a cemented total hip replacement femoral stem under simulated physiological loading. We assessed the influence of a separate abductor muscle force, a higher joint reaction force, and a more accurate implant stability measurement system included in the new simulator and compared the results to the lower, single joint reaction force included in a previously published simulator. Per-cycle motion at both cement interfaces and stem and cement mantle migration obtained from both simulators using the same femoral stem design, are compared. Although the new simulator applied higher loads, per-cycle motions were lower than previously reported. In both studies, regardless of the presence or lack of a separate muscle force, the greatest motions were in the medial-lateral direction (new: 27 +/- 4 mum, old: 67 +/- 21 mum). The findings indicate that magnitude and direction of peak joint reaction force and inclusion of a separate muscle force have a significant effect on femoral stem stability measurements. We recommend that future femoral stem stability studies consider using load simulation techniques and a direct motion measurement system comparable to the one presented in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Sangiorgio
- Implant Biomechanics Laboratory, Orthopaedic Hospital and University of California, Los Angeles, CA - USA
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Ryu MH, Kang YK, Jang SJ, Kim TW, Lee H, Kim JS, Park YH, Lee SS, Ryoo BY, Chang HM, Lee JL, Yook JH, Kim BS, Lee JS. Prognostic significance of p53 gene mutations and protein overexpression in localized gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Histopathology 2007; 51:379-89. [PMID: 17727479 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2007.02797.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Mutation of c-kit is a relatively early event in the tumorigenesis of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs). The aim was to determine the prognostic significance of p53 alterations as an additional genetic change in GISTs. METHODS AND RESULTS We reviewed 125 patients with localized GISTs subjected to complete resection between 1990 and 2002. Mutational analyses of c-kit exons 9, 11, 13 and 17, p53 exons 4-8 and immunohistochemistry for p53 protein were conducted using paraffin-embedded tissues. Alterations of p53 were observed in 50 patients (40.0%). Based on the National Institutes of Health's risk category, p53 alterations were noted more frequently in the higher risk categories (P = 0.041). With a median follow-up of 56.5 months (range: 2.3-126.8), 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rates were 61.7% without p53 alterations, compared with only 40.2% with p53 alterations (P = 0.009). Multivariate analysis indicated that p53 alterations comprised an independent, poor prognostic factor for RFS, in addition to c-kit mutations, large size, a high mitotic count and non-gastric primary sites. CONCLUSIONS Alterations in p53 were more commonly observed in localized GISTs at higher risk of relapse. This suggests that they are significant as an independent, poor prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
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Martin NM, Small CJ, Lee JL, Ellis S, Dhillo WS, Smith KL, Kong WM, Frost GS, Bloom SR. Low-dose oral tri-iodothyronine does not directly increase food intake in man. Diabetes Obes Metab 2007; 9:435-7. [PMID: 17391172 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2006.00613.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have shown that low-dose tri-iodothyronine (T3) increases food intake in rodents. This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study aimed to investigate the effects of low-dose T3 on food intake in normal body weight individuals. However, despite an elevation in fT3 comparable to our earlier studies, administration of low-dose T3 in the fasted state did not stimulate food intake in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Martin
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Koo DH, Chang HM, Jung JY, Song JH, Lee JL, Ryu MH, Kim TW, Yook JH, Song JS, Lee JS, Kang YK. Cutaneous metastasis resembling acute dermatitis in patient with advanced gastric cancer. Clin Exp Dermatol 2007; 32:284-6. [PMID: 17263831 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2007.02361.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The most common metastatic sites from gastric cancer are the liver, intra-abdominal lymph nodes, ovary and peritoneal cavity. Cutaneous metastasis of gastric cancer is rare, and most cutaneous metastases are typically solitary, nodular, have a firm consistency, and are red or hyperpigmented. Thus, cutaneous metastasis is easily distinguished from other skin disease. We report a case of a 60-year-old woman with cutaneous metastasis of gastric cancer, whose facial skin showed painless pruritic eczema, resembling acute dermatitis. She had earlier undergone a total gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer in our hospital. After 14 months, she developed eczematous facial lesions; the presumptive diagnosis was acute dermatitis. However, skin biopsy unexpectedly revealed cutaneous metastasis of gastric cancer. After 6 months of systemic chemotherapy with capecitabine and cisplatin, the cutaneous metastasis was markedly improved and a clinically complete remission was accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Koo
- Department of Internal Medicine (Division of Oncology), Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
There are potential concerns regarding serotonin receptor agonists in SLE patients with migraine, particularly patients with concomitant Raynaud's syndrome. We estimated the prevalence of lupus-related headache and Raynaud's syndrome in the Montreal General Hospital SLE clinic cohort and evaluated the relationship between these two variables in multivariable logistic regression models, controlling for age, sex, race, SLE duration and the presence of lupus anticoagulant and antibodies to cardiolipin and beta2 glycoprotein I. We also assessed, through chart review in those individuals with both Raynaud's syndrome and migraine, a history of serotonin receptor agonist use, and any associated worsening vasospasm. Based on Systemic Lupus Activity Measure (SLAM) scores, the cumulative incidence of lupus-related headache in our sample (n = 391) was 46.1%; the prevalence of Raynaud's syndrome was 49.4%. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for lupus-related headache and Raynaud's syndrome was 1.7 (95% CI 1.1, 2.5). In addition, there was a strong independent relationship between headache and anti-beta2 glycoprotein I antibodies (adjusted OR 5.6 [95% CI 1.8, 17.0]). The data from our chart review suggest that careful use of serotonin receptor agonists in patients with both Raynaud's syndrome and migraines may be undertaken, although caution would necessitate that these agents not be used in individuals with very severe Raynaud's (eg, digital ulcerations, and so on).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bernatsky
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, PQ, Canada
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Koo DH, Lee JL, Kim TW, Chang HM, Ryu MH, Yook JH, Oh ST, Kim BS, Lee JS, Kang YK. Adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and mitomycin-C (FAM) for 6 months after curative resection of gastric carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2007; 33:843-8. [PMID: 17207959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2006.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2006] [Accepted: 11/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), doxorubicin and mitomycin-C (FAM) adjuvant chemotherapy in patients who had undergone curative resection of gastric carcinoma. METHODS From Nov 1999 to Jan 2002, 291 consecutive patients with stage IB-IIIB gastric adenocarcinoma were given FAM adjuvant chemotherapy. Chemotherapy comprised intravenous 5-FU 600 mg/m(2) (days 1, 8, 29 and 36), doxorubicin 30 mg/m(2) (days 1 and 29) and mitomycin-C 10 mg/m(2) (day 1), every 8 weeks for 6 months. RESULTS The median follow-up time was 60.6 months, 92 patients died, and 93 patients had recurrent disease. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 85.9% for stage IB, 72.1% for stage II, 58.0% for stage IIIA, and 48.2% for stage IIIB (p=0.002). The 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rates were 85.2% for stage IB, 71.2% for stage II, 53.3% for stage IIIA, and 39.2% for stage IIIB (p<0.001). A total of 769 cycles of chemotherapy were delivered, and 15 patients experienced grade 3 or higher leukopenia. The most common grade 3 or higher non-hematologic toxicity was nausea/vomiting (11 patients), followed by stomatitis (3 patients). CONCLUSIONS Adjuvant chemotherapy with FAM for 6 months for gastric carcinoma indicated comparable RFS and OS with an acceptable toxicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Koo
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1 Pungnap-2dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea
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Bernatsky S, Lee JL, Rahme E. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma--meta-analyses of the effects of corticosteroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006; 46:690-4. [PMID: 17148471 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kel396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent research has focused on the effects of corticosteroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/agents (NSAIDs) on non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) risk, with inconclusive results. We conducted meta-analyses of data published to date, to ascertain the over-all association between NHL and corticosteroid use, and between NHL and NSAID use. METHODS Literature searches were performed to find studies assessing the effects of corticosteroids and/or NSAIDs on NHL risk. We analysed nine case-control studies and one cohort study of the effect of corticosteroids and/or NSAIDs on NHL risk. We performed a formal meta-analysis using summary measures from these studies. RESULTS The studies contributed 6897 NHL cases and 8881 controls for the corticosteroid analyses, and 5794 NHL cases and 34,707 controls for the NSAID analyses. There was no heterogeneity of the odds ratio (OR) estimates. The overall OR for the effect of corticosteroid exposure on NHL occurrence was not suggestive of an increased risk [OR 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96-1.24]. Similarly, the OR for the effect of NSAIDs on NHL occurrence did not support an increased risk (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.74-1.14). CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analyses suggest little evidence that corticosteroid or NSAID exposures are themselves risk factors for NHL. Early data linking corticosteroids and/or NSAIDs with NHL may reflect an underlying increased risk of lymphoma in patient populations that use these medications (i.e. autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis), and may point to the importance of disease activity in driving NHL risk in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bernatsky
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, 687 Pine Avenue West, V Building, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A1, Canada.
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Kim MK, Lee JL, Wee WR, Lee JH. Comparative experiments for in vivo fibroplasia and biological stability of four porous polymers intended for use in the Seoul-type keratoprosthesis. Br J Ophthalmol 2002; 86:809-14. [PMID: 12084755 PMCID: PMC1771209 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.86.7.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate in vivo fibroplasia and biological stability of porous polymers intended for use in the Seoul-type keratoprosthesis (S-KPro). METHODS Four porous polymers (polypropylene, two kinds of polyethylene terephthalate (PE70 and PE50), and polyurethane) were investigated. Discs of polymers were inserted into the corneal stroma of rabbits for a 2 and 5 month period. Corneal oedema and neovascularisation were evaluated. The fibroplasia and collagen deposition were examined under light and transmission electron microscopy. S-KPros, whose skirt was made of four types of polymer, were implanted into the rabbits' eyes. The retention time and complications were evaluated. RESULTS Neovascularisation and corneal oedema were found in all of the disc inserted eyes, but the corneal oedema subsided within 2 months in most of the eyes. The mean number of fibroblasts increased significantly in polypropylene and PE50 disc inserted eyes compared with polyurethane disc inserted eyes. Plentiful collagen deposition was also found in both polypropylene and PE50 disc inserted eyes. Mean retention time in the polypropylene SK-Pro implanted eyes was longer than that of the other eyes (20.7 weeks). The PE70 skirt induced corneal melting around the prosthesis. CONCLUSION Polypropylene encourages fibroblast ingrowth and shows good biological stability when used as a skirt material in S-KPro.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Municipal Boramae Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim IS, Oh SE, Bum MS, Lee JL, Lee ST. Monitoring the denitrification of wastewater containing high concentrations of nitrate with methanol in a sulfur-packed reactor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2002; 59:91-6. [PMID: 12073138 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-002-0952-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2001] [Revised: 12/26/2001] [Accepted: 01/18/2002] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Biological denitrification of high nitrate-containing wastewater was examined in a sulfur-packed column using a smaller amount of methanol than required stoichiometrically for heterotrophic denitrification. In the absence of methanol, the observed nitrate removal efficiency was only about 40%, and remained at 400 mg NO(3)(-)-N/l, which was due to an alkalinity deficiency of the pH buffer and of CO(2) as a carbon source. Complete denitrification was achieved by adding approximately 1.4 g methanol/g nitrate-nitrogen (NO(3)(-)-N) to a sulfur-packed reactor. As the methanol concentration increased, the overall nitrate removal efficiency increased. As influent methanol concentrations increased from 285 to 570, 855, and 1,140 mg/l, the value of Delta mg alkalinity as CaCO(3) consumed/Delta mg NO(3)(-)-N removed increased from -1.94 to -0.84, 0.24, and 0.96, and Delta mg SO(4)(2-) produced/Delta mg NO(3)(-)-N removed decreased from 4.42 to 3.57, 2.58, and 1.26, respectively. These results imply the co-occurrence of simultaneous autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification. Sulfur-utilizing autotrophic denitrification in the presence of a small amount of methanol is very effective at decreasing both sulfate production and alkalinity consumption. Most of methanol added was removed completely in the effluent. A small amount of nitrite accumulated in the mixotrophic column, which was less than 20 mg NO(2)(-) -N/l, while under heterotrophic denitrification conditions, nitrite accumulated steadily and increased to 60 mg NO(2)(-) -N/l with increasing column height.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kwangju Institute of Science and Technology (K-JIST), 1 Oryong-dong, Puk-gu, Kwangju 500-712, Korea.
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Jung SW, Kim BS, Park JH, Kim SK, Seo HE, Shin DK, Lee JL, Kim IS, Lee DS, Kim DS. A Case of Primary MALT Lymphoma of the Breast. Cancer Res Treat 2001; 33:269-73. [PMID: 26680796 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2001.33.3.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary malignant lymphoma of the breast is rare. The incidence of primary malignant lymphomas of the breast is 0.04% to 0.5% of all malignant tumors of the breast and 0.07% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and comprises 1.7% of extranodal malignant lymphomas that occur in Western countries. The incidence of mucosa- associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the breast is reported to be between 0% and 75% of all primary malignant breast lymphomas in United States and Japan, but the incidence in Korea is unknown. MALT is characterized by indolent behavior and good has a prognosis. The authors report on a patient who has a primary MALT lymphoma of the breast. She was treated by surgical excision, which was followed by radiation therapy. Histologically, her lymphoma type transformed into a diffuse large B-cell tumor after 10months. She received combination chemotherapy and achieved a complete state of remission. She then underwent autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation along with high dose chemotherapy. To our knowledge, this is the first case report in the literature in Korea.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses' independent decisions about assessment, treatment, and nursing interventions for hospitalized patients are important determinants of quality of care. Physician peer implicit review of medical records has been central to Medicare quality management and is considered the gold standard for reviewing physician care, but peer implicit review of nursing processes of care has not received similar attention. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate nurse structured implicit review (SIR) methods. RESEARCH DESIGN We developed SIR instruments for rating the quality of inpatient nursing care for congestive heart failure (CHF) and cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Nurse reviewers used the SIR form to rate a nationally representative sample of randomly selected medical records for each disease from 297 acute care hospitals in 5 states (collected by the RAND-HCFA Prospective Payment System study). SUBJECTS The study subjects were elderly Medicare inpatients with CHF (n = 291) or CVA (n = 283). MEASURES We developed and tested scales reflecting domains of nursing process, evaluated interrater and interitem reliability, and assessed the extent to which items and scales predicted overall ratings of the quality of nursing care. RESULTS Interrater reliability for 14 of 16 scales (CHF) or 10 of 16 scales (CVA) was > or = 0.40. Interitem reliability was > 0.80 for all but 1 scale (both diseases). Functional Assessment, Physical Assessment, and Medication Tracking ratings were the strongest predictors of overall nursing quality ratings (P < 0.001 for each). CONCLUSIONS Nurse peer review with SIR has adequate interrater and excellent scale reliabilities and can be a valuable tool for assessing nurse performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Pearson
- RAND Health, Santa Monica, California 90407-2138, USA.
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Brickey MR, Lee JL. New Technique for Successful Thermal Barrier Coating Specimen Preparation for Transmission Electron Microscopy. Microsc Microanal 2000; 6:231-236. [PMID: 10790492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Reliability of thermal barrier coatings (TBC) hinges on the adhesion of a thermally grown oxide scale to an insulative ceramic topcoat and an underlying metallic bondcoat. The width of the scale and its interfaces makes transmission electron microscopy (TEM) an appropriate tool for its analysis. However, specimen preparation has proven to be a challenging obstacle leading to a dearth of TEM research on TBCs. A new approach to cross-section TBC TEM specimen preparation is described. The principal advantages of this technique are reproducibility, reduced specimen damage, and time savings resulting from decreased ion milling. This technique has been successfully applied to numerous TBC specimens with various thermal histories.
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Affiliation(s)
- MR Brickey
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, 1289 MSEE Building, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1289
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Lenz FA, Krauss G, Treede RD, Lee JL, Boatman D, Crone N, Minahan R, Port J, Rios M. Different generators in human temporal-parasylvian cortex account for subdural laser-evoked potentials, auditory-evoked potentials, and event-related potentials. Neurosci Lett 2000; 279:153-6. [PMID: 10688052 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(99)00986-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In order to localize cortical areas mediating pain we now report subdural cortical potentials evoked by auditory stimulation (auditory-evoked potentials - AEPs) and by cutaneous stimulation with a laser (laser-evoked potentials - LEPs). Stimulation with the laser evokes a pure pain sensation by selective activation of nociceptors. LEPs were maximal over the inferior aspect of the central sulcus and had the same polarity on either side of the sylvian fissure. AEPs were maximal posterior to the LEP maximum and had opposite polarity on opposite sides of the sylvian fissure, consistent with the location of a known generator in the temporal operculum. Auditory P3 (event-related) potentials were maximal over the temporal base. These findings demonstrate that the LEP generator is not in secondary somatosensory cortex on the parietal operculum and is different from the P3 generator.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Lenz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287-7713, USA.
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Lee JL, Chang BL, Pearson ML, Kahn KL, Rubenstein LV. Does what nurses do affect clinical outcomes for hospitalized patients? A review of the literature. Health Serv Res 1999; 34:1011-32. [PMID: 10591270 PMCID: PMC1089070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Through a review of the literature, to identify and describe (1) empirical studies of inpatient nursing care quality that evaluate links between nursing care processes and health-related patient outcomes, (2) nursing care processes for which process-outcome links have been established, and (3) important nursing care processes that have not yet been evaluated. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING Published empirical studies of inpatient nursing care quality that evaluated links between processes of nursing care and health-related patient outcomes. STUDY DESIGN/DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS This literature review used a five-step article search and review method. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Of 257 data-based studies of nursing care quality identified, 135 investigated a process-outcome link but only 17 met study inclusion criteria. The literature provides evidence that the quality of nursing care processes affects health-related patient outcomes during and after hospitalization. Gaps in the literature that evaluates nursing quality are identified. CONCLUSIONS Although some nursing care processes affect health-related patient outcomes, the full extent of nursing process-outcome links is relatively understudied. Further evaluation of the interrelationships between nursing care processes and outcomes is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Lee
- University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor 48109-0482, USA
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