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Sherpa RT, Moshal KS, Agarwal SR, Ostrom RS, Harvey RD. Role of protein kinase A and A kinase anchoring proteins in buffering and compartmentation of cAMP signalling in human airway smooth muscle cells. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38613158 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In human airway smooth muscle (hASM) cells, not all receptors stimulating cAMP production elicit the same effects. This can only be explained if cAMP movement throughout the cell is restricted, yet the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) contribute to compartmentation of many cAMP responses, but PDE activity alone is predicted to be insufficient if cAMP is otherwise freely diffusible. We tested the hypothesis that buffering of cAMP by protein kinase A (PKA) associated with A kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) slows cAMP diffusion and that this contributes to receptor-mediated, compartmentalized responses. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Raster image correlation spectroscopy (RICS) was used to measure intracellular cAMP diffusion coefficients and evaluate the contribution of PKA-AKAP interactions. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry were used to identify the AKAPs involved. RNA interference was used to down-regulate AKAP expression and determine its effects on cAMP diffusion. Compartmentalized cAMP responses were measured using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based biosensors. KEY RESULTS Cyclic AMP movement was significantly slower than that of free-diffusion in hASM cells, and disrupting PKA-AKAP interactions significantly increased the diffusion coefficient. PKA associated with the outer mitochondrial membrane appears to play a prominent role in this effect. Consistent with this idea, knocking down expression of D-AKAP2, the primary mitochondrial AKAP, increased cAMP diffusion and disrupted compartmentation of receptor-mediated responses. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our results confirm that AKAP-anchored PKA contributes to the buffering of cAMP and is consequential in the compartmentation of cAMP responses in hASM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinzhin T Sherpa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Shailesh R Agarwal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Rennolds S Ostrom
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Robert D Harvey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
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Sherpa RT, Moshal KS, Agarwal SR, Ostrom RS, Harvey RD. Mitochondrial bound PKA contributes to cyclic-AMP compartmentation in human airway smooth muscle cells. Biophys J 2023; 122:15a-16a. [PMID: 36782746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | | | - Rennolds S Ostrom
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Robert D Harvey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV, USA
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Tshering Sherpa R, Moshal KS, Agarwal SR, Harvey RD. Role of mitochondrial pka in compartmentation of cAMP signaling in cardiac ventricular myocytes. Biophys J 2023; 122:512a. [PMID: 36784648 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.2725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | | | - Robert D Harvey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
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Kabakov AY, Sengun E, Lu Y, Roder K, Bronk P, Baggett B, Turan NN, Moshal KS, Koren G. Corrigendum: Three-week-old rabbit ventricular cardiomyocytes as a novel system to study cardiac excitation and EC coupling. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1157712. [PMID: 36909240 PMCID: PMC9992972 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1157712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.672360.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoli Y Kabakov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Elif Sengun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yichun Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Karim Roder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Peter Bronk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Brett Baggett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Nilüfer N Turan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Gideon Koren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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Agarwal SR, Sherpa RT, Moshal KS, Harvey RD. Compartmentalized cAMP signaling in cardiac ventricular myocytes. Cell Signal 2022; 89:110172. [PMID: 34687901 PMCID: PMC8602782 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Activation of different receptors that act by generating the common second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) can elicit distinct functional responses in cardiac myocytes. Selectively sequestering cAMP activity to discrete intracellular microdomains is considered essential for generating receptor-specific responses. The processes that control this aspect of compartmentalized cAMP signaling, however, are not completely clear. Over the years, technological innovations have provided critical breakthroughs in advancing our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cAMP compartmentation. Some of the factors identified include localized production of cAMP by differential distribution of receptors, localized breakdown of this second messenger by targeted distribution of phosphodiesterase enzymes, and limited diffusion of cAMP by protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent buffering or physically restricted barriers. The aim of this review is to provide a discussion of our current knowledge and highlight some of the gaps that still exist in the field of cAMP compartmentation in cardiac myocytes.
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Sherpa RT, Fiore C, Moshal KS, Wadsworth A, Rudokas MW, Agarwal SR, Harvey RD. Mitochondrial A-kinase anchoring proteins in cardiac ventricular myocytes. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15015. [PMID: 34514737 PMCID: PMC8436057 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Compartmentation of cAMP signaling is a critical factor for maintaining the integrity of receptor-specific responses in cardiac myocytes. This phenomenon relies on various factors limiting cAMP diffusion. Our previous work in adult rat ventricular myocytes (ARVMs) indicates that PKA regulatory subunits anchored to the outer membrane of mitochondria play a key role in buffering the movement of cytosolic cAMP. PKA can be targeted to discrete subcellular locations through the interaction of both type I and type II regulatory subunits with A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs). The purpose of this study is to identify which AKAPs and PKA regulatory subunit isoforms are associated with mitochondria in ARVMs. Quantitative PCR data demonstrate that mRNA for dual specific AKAP1 and 2 (D-AKAP1 & D-AKAP2), acyl-CoA-binding domain-containing 3 (ACBD3), optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) are most abundant, while Rab32, WAVE-1, and sphingosine kinase type 1 interacting protein (SPHKAP) were barely detectable. Biochemical and immunocytochemical analysis suggests that D-AKAP1, D-AKAP2, and ACBD3 are the predominant mitochondrial AKAPs exposed to the cytosolic compartment in these cells. Furthermore, we show that both type I and type II regulatory subunits of PKA are associated with mitochondria. Taken together, these data suggest that D-AKAP1, D-AKAP2, and ACBD3 may be responsible for tethering both type I and type II PKA regulatory subunits to the outer mitochondrial membrane in ARVMs. In addition to regulating PKA-dependent mitochondrial function, these AKAPs may play an important role by buffering the movement of cAMP necessary for compartmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chase Fiore
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of NevadaRenoNevadaUSA
| | | | - Adam Wadsworth
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of NevadaRenoNevadaUSA
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Rudokas MW, Post JP, Sataray-Rodriguez A, Sherpa RT, Moshal KS, Agarwal SR, Harvey RD. Compartmentation of β 2 -adrenoceptor stimulated cAMP responses by phosphodiesterase types 2 and 3 in cardiac ventricular myocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:1574-1587. [PMID: 33475150 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In cardiac myocytes, cyclic AMP (cAMP) produced by both β1 - and β2 -adrenoceptors increases L-type Ca2+ channel activity and myocyte contraction. However, only cAMP produced by β1 -adrenoceptors enhances myocyte relaxation through phospholamban-dependent regulation of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2 (SERCA2). Here we have tested the hypothesis that stimulation of β2 -adrenoceptors produces a cAMP signal that is unable to reach SERCA2 and determine what role, if any, phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity plays in this compartmentation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The cAMP responses produced by β1 -and β2 -adrenoceptor stimulation were studied in adult rat ventricular myocytes using two different fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors, the Epac2-camps, which is expressed uniformly throughout the cytoplasm of the entire cell and the Epac2-αKAP, which is targeted to the SERCA2 signalling complex. KEY RESULTS Selective activation of β1 - or β2 -adrenoceptors produced cAMP responses detected by Epac2-camps. However, only stimulation of β1 -adrenoceptors produced a cAMP response detected by Epac2-αKAP. Yet, stimulation of β2 -adrenoceptors was able to produce a cAMP signal detected by Epac2-αKAP in the presence of selective inhibitors of PDE2 or PDE3, but not PDE4. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These results support the conclusion that cAMP produced by β2 -adrenoceptor stimulation was not able to reach subcellular locations where the SERCA2 pump is located. Furthermore, this compartmentalized response is due at least in part to PDE2 and PDE3 activity. This discovery could lead to novel PDE-based therapeutic treatments aimed at correcting cardiac relaxation defects associated with certain forms of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John P Post
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | | | - Rinzhin T Sherpa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | | | - Robert D Harvey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
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Kabakov AY, Sengun E, Lu Y, Roder K, Bronk P, Baggett B, Turan NN, Moshal KS, Koren G. Three-Week-Old Rabbit Ventricular Cardiomyocytes as a Novel System to Study Cardiac Excitation and EC Coupling. Front Physiol 2021; 12:672360. [PMID: 34867432 PMCID: PMC8637404 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.672360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias significantly contribute to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The rabbit heart serves as an accepted model system for studying cardiac cell excitation and arrhythmogenicity. Accordingly, primary cultures of adult rabbit ventricular cardiomyocytes serve as a preferable model to study molecular mechanisms of human cardiac excitation. However, the use of adult rabbit cardiomyocytes is often regarded as excessively costly. Therefore, we developed and characterized a novel low-cost rabbit cardiomyocyte model, namely, 3-week-old ventricular cardiomyocytes (3wRbCMs). Ventricular myocytes were isolated from whole ventricles of 3-week-old New Zealand White rabbits of both sexes by standard enzymatic techniques. Using wheat germ agglutinin, we found a clear T-tubule structure in acutely isolated 3wRbCMs. Cells were adenovirally infected (multiplicity of infection of 10) to express Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) and cultured for 48 h. The cells showed action potential duration (APD90 = 253 ± 24 ms) and calcium transients similar to adult rabbit cardiomyocytes. Freshly isolated and 48-h-old-cultured cells expressed critical ion channel proteins: calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C (Cavα1c), sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 5 (Nav1.5), potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3 (Kv4.3), and subfamily A member 4 (Kv1.4), and also subfamily H member 2 (RERG. Kv11.1), KvLQT1 (K7.1) protein and inward-rectifier potassium channel (Kir2.1). The cells displayed an appropriate electrophysiological phenotype, including fast sodium current (I Na), transient outward potassium current (I to), L-type calcium channel peak current (I Ca,L), rapid and slow components of the delayed rectifier potassium current (I Kr and I Ks), and inward rectifier (I K1). Although expression of the channel proteins and some currents decreased during the 48 h of culturing, we conclude that 3wRbCMs are a new, low-cost alternative to the adult-rabbit-cardiomyocytes system, which allows the investigation of molecular mechanisms of cardiac excitation on morphological, biochemical, genetic, physiological, and biophysical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoli Y Kabakov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Elif Sengun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yichun Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Karim Roder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Peter Bronk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Brett Baggett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Nilüfer N Turan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Gideon Koren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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Turan NN, Moshal KS, Roder K, Baggett BC, Kabakov AY, Dhakal S, Teramoto R, Chiang DYE, Zhong M, Xie A, Lu Y, Dudley SC, MacRae CA, Karma A, Koren G. The endosomal trafficking regulator LITAF controls the cardiac Nav1.5 channel via the ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-2. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:18148-18159. [PMID: 33093176 PMCID: PMC7939464 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The QT interval is a recording of cardiac electrical activity. Previous genome-wide association studies identified genetic variants that modify the QT interval upstream of LITAF (lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α factor), a protein encoding a regulator of endosomal trafficking. However, it was not clear how LITAF might impact cardiac excitation. We investigated the effect of LITAF on the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5, which is critical for cardiac depolarization. We show that overexpressed LITAF resulted in a significant increase in the density of Nav1.5-generated voltage-gated sodium current INa and Nav1.5 surface protein levels in rabbit cardiomyocytes and in HEK cells stably expressing Nav1.5. Proximity ligation assays showed co-localization of endogenous LITAF and Nav1.5 in cardiomyocytes, whereas co-immunoprecipitations confirmed they are in the same complex when overexpressed in HEK cells. In vitro data suggest that LITAF interacts with the ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-2, a regulator of Nav1.5. LITAF overexpression down-regulated NEDD4-2 in cardiomyocytes and HEK cells. In HEK cells, LITAF increased ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of co-expressed NEDD4-2 and significantly blunted the negative effect of NEDD4-2 on INa We conclude that LITAF controls cardiac excitability by promoting degradation of NEDD4-2, which is essential for removal of surface Nav1.5. LITAF-knockout zebrafish showed increased variation in and a nonsignificant 15% prolongation of action potential duration. Computer simulations using a rabbit-cardiomyocyte model demonstrated that changes in Ca2+ and Na+ homeostasis are responsible for the surprisingly modest action potential duration shortening. These computational data thus corroborate findings from several genome-wide association studies that associated LITAF with QT interval variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilüfer N Turan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Karim Roder
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Brett C Baggett
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Anatoli Y Kabakov
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Saroj Dhakal
- Physics Department and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryota Teramoto
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Yi-Eng Chiang
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mingwang Zhong
- Physics Department and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - An Xie
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yichun Lu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Samuel C Dudley
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Calum A MacRae
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alain Karma
- Physics Department and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gideon Koren
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
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Kabakov AY, Roder K, Moshal KS, Lu Y, Zhong M, Dhakal S, Karma A, Koren G. Ubiquitin Ligase Rififylin (RFFL) Has Yin-Yang Effects on Rabbit Cardiac Transient Outward (Ito) Potassium Channels. Biophys J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.11.722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Moshal KS, Roder K, Kabakov AY, Werdich AA, Yi-Eng Chiang D, Turan NN, Xie A, Kim TY, Cooper LL, Lu Y, Zhong M, Li W, Terentyev D, Choi BR, Karma A, MacRae CA, Koren G. LITAF (Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Tumor Necrosis Factor) Regulates Cardiac L-Type Calcium Channels by Modulating NEDD (Neural Precursor Cell Expressed Developmentally Downregulated Protein) 4-1 Ubiquitin Ligase. Circ Genom Precis Med 2019; 12:407-420. [PMID: 31462068 PMCID: PMC6750970 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.119.002641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The turnover of cardiac ion channels underlying action potential duration is regulated by ubiquitination. Genome-wide association studies of QT interval identified several single-nucleotide polymorphisms located in or near genes involved in protein ubiquitination. A genetic variant upstream of LITAF (lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor) gene prompted us to determine its role in modulating cardiac excitation. METHODS Optical mapping was performed in zebrafish hearts to determine Ca2+ transients. Live-cell confocal calcium imaging was performed on adult rabbit cardiomyocytes to determine intracellular Ca2+handling. L-type calcium channel (LTCC) current (ICa,L) was measured using whole-cell recording. To study the effect of LITAF on Cav1.2 (L-type voltage-gated calcium channel 1.2) channel expression, surface biotinylation, and Westerns were performed. LITAF interactions were studied using coimmunoprecipitation and in situ proximity ligation assay. RESULTS LITAF knockdown in zebrafish resulted in a robust increase in calcium transients. Overexpressed LITAF in 3-week-old rabbit cardiomyocytes resulted in a decrease in ICa,L and Cavα1c abundance, whereas LITAF knockdown increased ICa,L and Cavα1c protein. LITAF-overexpressing decreases calcium transients in adult rabbit cardiomyocytes, which was associated with lower Cavα1c levels. In tsA201 cells, overexpressed LITAF downregulated total and surface pools of Cavα1c via increased Cavα1c ubiquitination and its subsequent lysosomal degradation. We observed colocalization between LITAF and LTCC in tsA201 and cardiomyocytes. In tsA201, NEDD (neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated protein) 4-1, but not its catalytically inactive form NEDD4-1-C867A, increased Cavα1c ubiquitination. Cavα1c ubiquitination was further increased by coexpressed LITAF and NEDD4-1 but not NEDD4-1-C867A. NEDD4-1 knockdown abolished the negative effect of LITAF on ICa,L and Cavα1c levels in 3-week-old rabbit cardiomyocytes. Computer simulations demonstrated that a decrease of ICa,L current associated with LITAF overexpression simultaneously shortened action potential duration and decreased calcium transients in rabbit cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS LITAF acts as an adaptor protein promoting NEDD4-1-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of LTCC, thereby controlling LTCC membrane levels and function and thus cardiac excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karni S. Moshal
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Karim Roder
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Anatoli Y. Kabakov
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Andreas A. Werdich
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - David Yi-Eng Chiang
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nilüfer N. Turan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - An Xie
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Tae Yun Kim
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | | | - Yichun Lu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Mingwang Zhong
- Physics Dept & Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Complex Systems, Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA
| | - Weiyan Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Bum-Rak Choi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Alain Karma
- Physics Dept & Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Complex Systems, Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA
| | - Calum A. MacRae
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gideon Koren
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
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Roder K, Kabakov A, Moshal KS, Xie A, Turan NN, Lu Y, Koren G. Rififylin (RFFL), a Novel Regulator of Transient Outward (
I
to
) Potassium Channels. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.824.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - An Xie
- University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN
| | | | - Yichun Lu
- MedicineRhode Island HospitalProvidenceRI
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Moshal KS, Roder K, Kabakov A, Turan NN, Xie A, Werdich AA, Kim TY, Cooper LL, Lu Y, Terentyev D, Choi B, MacRae CA, Koren G. LITAF regulates action potential duration by modulating NEDD4‐1‐mediated degradation of L‐type calcium channels. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.824.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - An Xie
- University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN
| | | | | | | | - Yichun Lu
- MedicineRhode Island HospitalProvidenceRI
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Roder K, Kabakov A, Moshal KS, Murphy KR, Xie A, Dudley S, Turan NN, Lu Y, MacRae CA, Koren G. Trafficking of the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) potassium channel is regulated by the ubiquitin ligase rififylin (RFFL). J Biol Chem 2018; 294:351-360. [PMID: 30401747 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The QT interval is an important diagnostic feature on surface electrocardiograms because it reflects the duration of the ventricular action potential. A previous genome-wide association study has reported a significant linkage between a single-nucleotide polymorphism ∼11.7 kb downstream of the gene encoding the RING finger ubiquitin ligase rififylin (RFFL) and variability in the QT interval. This, along with results in animal studies, suggests that RFFL may have effects on cardiac repolarization. Here, we sought to determine the role of RFFL in cardiac electrophysiology. Adult rabbit cardiomyocytes with adenovirus-expressed RFFL exhibited reduced rapid delayed rectifier current (I Kr). Neonatal rabbit cardiomyocytes transduced with RFFL-expressing adenovirus exhibited reduced total expression of the potassium channel ether-a-go-go-related gene (rbERG). Using transfections of 293A cells and Western blotting experiments, we observed that RFFL and the core-glycosylated form of the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) potassium channel interact. Furthermore, RFFL overexpression led to increased polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of hERG protein and to an almost complete disappearance of I Kr, which depended on the intact RING domain of RFFL. Blocking the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway with a dominant-negative form of the ERAD core component, valosin-containing protein (VCP), in 293A cells partially abolished RFFL-mediated hERG degradation. We further substantiated the link between RFFL and ERAD by showing an interaction between RFFL and VCP in vitro We conclude that RFFL is an important regulator of voltage-gated hERG potassium channel activity and therefore cardiac repolarization and that this ubiquitination-mediated regulation requires parts of the ERAD pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Roder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Anatoli Kabakov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Kevin R Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - An Xie
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Cardiovascular Division, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Samuel Dudley
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Cardiovascular Division, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Nilüfer N Turan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Yichun Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Calum A MacRae
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Gideon Koren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903.
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Turan NN, Moshal KS, Roder K, Xie A, Lu Y, Werdich A, MacRae C, Koren G. Cardiac Nav1.5 Channel is Regulated by LITAF. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.533.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nilufer Nermin Turan
- Pharmacy FacultyPharmacology DepartmentGazi UniversityAnkaraTurkey
- Department of MedicineDivision of CardiologyCardiovascular Research CenterRhode Island HospitalThe Warren Albert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRI
| | - Karni S. Moshal
- Department of MedicineDivision of CardiologyCardiovascular Research CenterRhode Island HospitalThe Warren Albert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRI
| | - Karim Roder
- Department of MedicineDivision of CardiologyCardiovascular Research CenterRhode Island HospitalThe Warren Albert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRI
| | - An Xie
- Department of MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN
| | - Yichun Lu
- Department of MedicineDivision of CardiologyCardiovascular Research CenterRhode Island HospitalThe Warren Albert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRI
| | - Andreas Werdich
- Cardiovascular DivisionBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Calum MacRae
- Cardiovascular DivisionBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Gideon Koren
- Department of MedicineDivision of CardiologyCardiovascular Research CenterRhode Island HospitalThe Warren Albert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRI
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Roder K, Moshal KS, Xie A, Yun Kim T, Murphy KR, Nermin N, Dural T, Lu Y, Choi BR, Koren G. Regulation of the Human Ether-A-Go-Go-Related Gene (hERG) Potassium Channel by the Ubiquitin Ligase Rififylin (RFFL). Biophys J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.11.1383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Moshal KS. A Simple Regulation of Cardiomyocyte Excitability. Biophys J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Roder K, Werdich AA, Li W, Liu M, Kim TY, Organ-Darling LE, Moshal KS, Hwang JM, Lu Y, Choi BR, MacRae CA, Koren G. RING finger protein RNF207, a novel regulator of cardiac excitation. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:33730-40. [PMID: 25281747 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.592295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Two recent studies (Newton-Cheh, C. et al. (2009) Common variants at ten loci influence QT interval duration in the QTGEN Study. Nat. Genet. 41, 399-406 and Pfeufer, A. et al. (2009) Common variants at ten loci modulate the QT interval duration in the QTSCD Study. Nat. Genet. 41, 407-414) identified an association, with genome-wide significance, between a single nucleotide polymorphism within the gene encoding RING finger protein 207 (RNF207) and the QT interval. We sought to determine the role of RNF207 in cardiac electrophysiology. Morpholino knockdown of RNF207 in zebrafish embryos resulted in action potential duration prolongation, occasionally a 2:1 atrioventricular block, and slowing of conduction velocity. Conversely, neonatal rabbit cardiomyocytes infected with RNF207-expressing adenovirus exhibited shortened action potential duration. Using transfections of U-2 OS and HEK293 cells, Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry data demonstrate that RNF207 and the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) potassium channel interact and colocalize. Furthermore, RNF207 overexpression significantly elevated total and membrane HERG protein and HERG-encoded current density by ∼30-50%, which was dependent on the intact N-terminal RING domain of RNF207. Finally, coexpression of RNF207 and HSP70 increased HERG expression compared with HSP70 alone. This effect was dependent on the C terminus of RNF207. Taken together, the evidence is strong that RNF207 is an important regulator of action potential duration, likely via effects on HERG trafficking and localization in a heat shock protein-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Roder
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Andreas A Werdich
- the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and
| | - Weiyan Li
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Man Liu
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Tae Yun Kim
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Louise E Organ-Darling
- the Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts 02481
| | - Karni S Moshal
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Jung Min Hwang
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Yichun Lu
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Bum-Rak Choi
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Calum A MacRae
- the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and
| | - Gideon Koren
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903,
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Moshal KS, Zhang Z, Roder K, Kim TY, Cooper L, Patedakis Litvinov B, Lu Y, Reddy V, Terentyev D, Choi BR, Koren G. Progesterone modulates SERCA2a expression and function in rabbit cardiomyocytes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2014; 307:C1050-7. [PMID: 25252951 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00127.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We recently showed that progesterone treatment abolished arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in a transgenic rabbit model of long QT syndrome type 2 (LQT2). Moreover, levels of cardiac sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase type 2a (SERCA2a) were upregulated in LQT2 heart extracts. We hypothesized that progesterone treatment upregulated SERCA2a expression, thereby reducing Ca(2+)-dependent arrhythmias in LQT2 rabbits. We therefore investigated the effect of progesterone on SERCA2a regulation in isolated cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocytes from neonatal (3- to 5-day-old) rabbits were isolated, cultured, and treated with progesterone and other pharmacological agents. Immunoblotting was performed on total cell lysates and sarcoplasmic reticulum-enriched membrane fractions for protein abundance, and mRNA transcripts were quantified using real-time PCR. The effect of progesterone on baseline Ca(2+) transients and Ca(2+) clearance was determined using digital imaging. Progesterone treatment increased the total pool of SERCA2a protein by slowing its degradation. Using various pharmacological inhibitors of degradation pathways, we showed that progesterone-associated degradation of SERCA2a involves ubiquitination, and progesterone significantly decreases the levels of ubiquitin-tagged SERCA2a polypeptides. Our digital imaging data revealed that progesterone significantly shortened the decay and duration of Ca(2+) transients. Progesterone treatment increases protein levels and activity of SERCA2a. Progesterone stabilizes SERCA2a, in part, by decreasing the ubiquitination level of SERCA2a polypeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karni S Moshal
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Karim Roder
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Tae Yun Kim
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Leroy Cooper
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Bogdan Patedakis Litvinov
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Yichun Lu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Vishal Reddy
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Bum-Rak Choi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Gideon Koren
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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Ferri-Lagneau KF, Moshal KS, Grimes M, Zahora B, Lv L, Sang S, Leung T. Ginger stimulates hematopoiesis via Bmp pathway in zebrafish. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39327. [PMID: 22761764 PMCID: PMC3382625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia is a hematologic disorder with decreased number of erythrocytes. Erythropoiesis, the process by which red blood cells differentiate, are conserved in humans, mice and zebrafish. The only known agents available to treat pathological anemia are erythropoietin and its biologic derivatives. However, erythropoietin therapy elicits unwanted side-effects, high cost and intravenous or subcutaneous injection, warranting the development of a more cost effective and non-peptide alternative. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) has been widely used in traditional medicine; however, to date there is no scientific research documenting the potential of ginger to stimulate hematopoiesis. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here, we utilized gata1:dsRed transgenic zebrafish embryos to investigate the effect of ginger extract on hematopoiesis in vivo and we identified its bioactive component, 10-gingerol. We confirmed that ginger and 10-gingerol promote the expression of gata1 in erythroid cells and increase the expression of hematopoietic progenitor markers cmyb and scl. We also demonstrated that ginger and 10-gingerol can promote the hematopoietic recovery from acute hemolytic anemia in zebrafish, by quantifying the number of circulating erythroid cells in the dorsal aorta using video microscopy. We found that ginger and 10-gingerol treatment during gastrulation results in an increase of bmp2b and bmp7a expression, and their downstream effectors, gata2 and eve1. At later stages ginger and 10-gingerol can induce bmp2b/7a, cmyb, scl and lmo2 expression in the caudal hematopoietic tissue area. We further confirmed that Bmp/Smad pathway mediates this hematopoiesis promoting effect of ginger by using the Bmp-activated Bmp type I receptor kinase inhibitors dorsomorphin, LND193189 and DMH1. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our study provides a strong foundation to further evaluate the molecular mechanism of ginger and its bioactive components during hematopoiesis and to investigate their effects in adults. Our results will provide the basis for future research into the effect of ginger during mammalian hematopoiesis to develop novel erythropoiesis promoting agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine F. Ferri-Lagneau
- The Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Karni S. Moshal
- The Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Matthew Grimes
- The Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Braden Zahora
- The Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lishuang Lv
- Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Shengmin Sang
- Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - TinChung Leung
- The Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
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Moshal KS, Kumar M, Tyagi N, Mishra PK, Metreveli N, Rodriguez WE, Tyagi SC. Restoration of contractility in hyperhomocysteinemia by cardiac-specific deletion of NMDA-R1. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2009; 296:H887-92. [PMID: 19181966 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00750.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine (HCY) activated mitochondrial matrix metalloproteinase-9 and led to cardiomyocyte dysfunction, in part, by inducing mitochondrial permeability (MPT). Treatment with MK-801 [N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist] ameliorated the HCY-induced decrease in myocyte contractility. However, the role of cardiomyocyte NMDA-receptor 1 (R1) activation in hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY) leading to myocyte dysfunction was not well understood. We tested the hypothesis that the cardiac-specific deletion of NMDA-R1 mitigated the HCY-induced decrease in myocyte contraction, in part, by decreasing nitric oxide (NO). Cardiomyocyte-specific knockout of NMDA-R1 was generated using cre/lox technology. NMDA-R1 expression was detected by Western blot and confocal microscopy. MPT was determined using a spectrophotometer. Myocyte contractility and calcium transients were studied using the IonOptix video-edge detection system and fura 2-AM loading. We observed that HHCY induced NO production by agonizing NMDA-R1. HHCY induced the MPT by agonizing NMDA-R1. HHCY caused a decrease in myocyte contractile performance, maximal rate of contraction and relaxation, and prolonged the time to 90% peak shortening and 90% relaxation by agonizing NMDA-R1. HHCY decreased contraction amplitude with the increase in calcium concentration. The recovery of calcium transient was prolonged in HHCY mouse myocyte by agonizing NMDA-R1. It was suggested that HHCY increased mitochondrial NO levels and induced MPT, leading to the decline in myocyte mechanical function by agonizing NMDA-R1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karni S Moshal
- Dept. of Physiology and Biophysics, 500 S. Preston St., HSC Bldg. A-1115, Univ. of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Tyagi N, Moshal KS, Sen U, Vacek TP, Kumar M, Hughes WM, Kundu S, Tyagi SC. H2S protects against methionine-induced oxidative stress in brain endothelial cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2009; 11:25-33. [PMID: 18837652 PMCID: PMC2742910 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2008.2073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) causes cerebrovascular dysfunction by inducing oxidative stress. However, to date, there are no strategies to prevent Hcy-induced oxidative damage. Hcy is an H2S precursor formed from methionine (Met) metabolism. We aimed to investigate whether H2S ameliorated Met-induced oxidative stress in mouse brain endothelial cells (bEnd3). The bEnd3 cells were exposed to Met treatment in the presence or absence of NaHS (donor of H2S). Met-induced cell toxicity increased the levels of free radicals in a concentration-dependent manner. Met increased NADPH-oxidase-4 (NOX-4) expression and mitigated thioredxion-1(Trx-1) expression. Pretreatment of bEnd3 with NaHS (0.05 mM) attenuated the production of free radicals in the presence of Met and protected the cells from oxidative damage. Furthermore, NaHS enhanced inhibitory effects of apocynin, N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Nomega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on ROS production and redox enzymes levels induced by Met. In conclusion, the administration of H2S protected the cells from oxidative stress induced by hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), which suggested that NaHS/H2S may have therapeutic potential against Met-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Tyagi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA.
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Sen U, Vacek TP, Hughes WM, Kumar M, Moshal KS, Tyagi N, Metreveli N, Hayden MR, Tyagi SC. Cardioprotective role of sodium thiosulfate on chronic heart failure by modulating endogenous H2S generation. Pharmacology 2008; 82:201-13. [PMID: 18810244 DOI: 10.1159/000156486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Sodium thiosulfate (STS) has been shown to be an antioxidant and calcium solubilizer, but the possible role of STS in dysfunctional ventricles remains unknown. Here, we assessed the effects of STS in the failing heart. METHODS Heart failure was created by an arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Mice were divided into 4 groups: sham, AVF, sham + STS, and AVF + STS. STS (3 mg/ml) was supplemented with drinking water for 6 weeks in the appropriate surgery groups after surgery. RESULTS M-mode echocardiograms showed ventricular contractile dysfunction with reduced aortic blood flow in AVF mice, whereas STS treatment prevented the decline in cardiac function. Ventricular collagen, MMP-2 and -9, and TIMP-1 were robustly increased with a decreasing trend in adenylate cyclase VI expression; however, STS supplementation reversed these effects in AVF mice. Among 2 enzymes that produce endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), cystathionine-gamma-lyase (CSE) expression was attenuated in AVF mice with no changes in cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS) expression. In addition, reduced production of H(2)S in AVF ventricular tissue was normalized with STS supplementation. Moreover, cardiac tissues were more responsive to H(2)S when AVF mice were supplemented with STS compared to AVF alone. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that STS modulated cardiac dysfunction and the extracellular matrix, in part, by increasing ventricular H(2)S generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Kumar M, Tyagi N, Moshal KS, Sen U, Kundu S, Mishra PK, Givvimani S, Tyagi SC. Homocysteine decreases blood flow to the brain due to vascular resistance in carotid artery. Neurochem Int 2008; 53:214-9. [PMID: 18725259 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2008.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2008] [Revised: 07/24/2008] [Accepted: 07/25/2008] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
An elevated level of Homocysteine (Hcy) is a risk factor for vascular dementia and stroke. Cysthathionine beta Synthase (CBS) gene is involved in the clearance of Hcy. Homozygous individuals for (CBS-/-) die early, but heterozygous for (CBS-/+) survive with high levels of Hcy. The gamma-Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) presents in the central nervous system (CNS) and functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Hcy competes with GABA at the GABA(A) receptor and affects the CNS function. We hypothesize that Hcy causes a decrease in blood flow to the brain due to increase in vascular resistance (VR) because of arterial remodeling in the carotid artery (CA). Blood pressure and blood flow in CA of wild type (WT), CBS-/+, CBS-/+ GABA(A)-/- double knockout, and GABA(A)-/- were measured. CA was stained with trichrome, and the brain permeability was measured. Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-3, TIMP-4), elastin, and collagen-III expression were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results showed an increase in VR in CBS-/+/GABA(A)-/-double knockout>CBS-/+/>GABA(A)-/- compared to WT mice. Increased MMP-2, MMP-9, collagen-III and TIMP-3 mRNA levels were found in GABA(A)-/-, CBS-/+, CBS-/+/GABA(A) double knockout compared to WT. The levels of TIMP-4 and elastin were decreased, whereas the levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-3 increased, which indirectly reflected the arterial resistance. These results suggested that Hcy caused arterial remodeling in part, by increase in collagen/elastin ratio thereby increasing VR leading to the decrease in CA blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munish Kumar
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Moshal KS, Tipparaju SM, Vacek TP, Kumar M, Singh M, Frank IE, Patibandla PK, Tyagi N, Rai J, Metreveli N, Rodriguez WE, Tseng MT, Tyagi SC. Mitochondrial matrix metalloproteinase activation decreases myocyte contractility in hyperhomocysteinemia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008; 295:H890-7. [PMID: 18567713 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00099.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-1 (NMDA-R1) activation induces mitochondrial dysfunction. Matrix metalloproteinase protease (MMP) induction is a negative regulator of mitochondrial function. Elevated levels of homocysteine [hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY)] activate latent MMPs and causes myocardial contractile abnormalities. HHCY is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. We tested the hypothesis that HHCY activates myocyte mitochondrial MMP (mtMMP), induces mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), and causes contractile dysfunction by agonizing NMDA-R1. The C57BL/6J mice were administered homocystinemia (1.8 g/l) in drinking water to induce HHCY. NMDA-R1 expression was detected by Western blot and confocal microscopy. Localization of MMP-9 in the mitochondria was determined using confocal microscopy. Ultrastructural analysis of the isolated myocyte was determined by electron microscopy. Mitochondrial permeability was measured by a decrease in light absorbance at 540 nm using the spectrophotometer. The effect of MK-801 (NMDA-R1 inhibitor), GM-6001 (MMP inhibitor), and cyclosporine A (MPT inhibitor) on myocyte contractility and calcium transients was evaluated using the IonOptix video edge track detection system and fura 2-AM. Our results demonstrate that HHCY activated the mtMMP-9 and caused MPT by agonizing NMDA-R1. A significant decrease in percent cell shortening, maximal rate of contraction (-dL/dt), and maximal rate of relaxation (+dL/dt) was observed in HHCY. The decay of calcium transient amplitude was faster in the wild type compared with HHCY. Furthermore, the HHCY-induced decrease in percent cell shortening, -dL/dt, and +dL/dt was attenuated in the mice treated with MK-801, GM-6001, and cyclosporin A. We conclude that HHCY activates mtMMP-9 and induces MPT, leading to myocyte mechanical dysfunction by agonizing NMDA-R1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karni S Moshal
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Potentia Pharmaceuticals, Louisville, KY, USA
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Kartha GK, Moshal KS, Sen U, Joshua IG, Tyagi N, Steed MM, Tyagi SC. Renal mitochondrial damage and protein modification in type-2 diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2008; 45:75-81. [PMID: 18292963 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-008-0025-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2007] [Accepted: 01/23/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Although mitochondrial reduction-oxidation (redox) stress and increase in membrane permeability play an important role in diabetic-associated renal microvasculopathies, it is unclear whether the intra-renal mitochondrial oxidative stress induces mitochondrial protein modifications, leading to increase mitochondrial membrane permeability. The hypothesis is that mitochondrial oxidative stress induces mitochondrial protein modification and leakage in the mitochondrial membrane in type-2 diabetes. The present study was conducted to determine the involvement of intra-renal mitochondrial oxidative stress in mitochondrial protein modifications and modulation of membrane permeability in the setting of type-2 diabetes. Diabetes was induced by 6-week regimen of a high calorie and fat diet in C57BL/6J mice (Am J Physiol 291:F694-F701, 2006). Subcellular fractionation was carried out in kidney tissue from wild type and diabetic mice. All fractions were highly enriched in their corresponding marker enzyme. Subcellular protein modifications were determined by Western blot and 2-D proteomics. The results suggest that diabetes-induced oxidative stress parallels an increase in NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX-4) and decrease in superoxide dismutase-1, 2 (SOD-1, 2) expression, in mitochondrial compartment. We observed loss of mitochondrial membrane permeability as evidenced by leakage of mitochondrial cytochrome c and prohibitin to the cytosol. However, there was no loss in control tissue. The 2-D Western blots for mitochondrial post-translational modification showed an increase in nitrotyrosine generation in diabetes. We conclude that diabetes-induced intra-renal mitochondrial oxidative stress is reflected by an increase in mitochondrial membrane permeability and protein modifications by nitrotyrosine generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh K Kartha
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 500 South Preston Street, HSC Building-A, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Moshal KS, Zeldin DC, Sithu SD, Sen U, Tyagi N, Kumar M, Hughes WM, Metreveli N, Rosenberger DSE, Singh M, Vacek TP, Rodriguez WE, Ayotunde A, Tyagi SC. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2J2 gene transfection attenuates MMP-9 via inhibition of NF-kappabeta in hyperhomocysteinemia. J Cell Physiol 2008; 215:771-81. [PMID: 18181170 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is associated with atherosclerotic events involving the modulation of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism and the activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenase-2J2 (CYP2J2) is abundant in the heart endothelium, and its AA metabolites epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) mitigates inflammation through NF-kappabeta. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for MMP-9 regulation by CYP2J2 in HHcy remain obscure. We sought to determine the molecular mechanisms by which P450 epoxygenase gene transfection or EETs supplementation attenuate homocysteine (Hcy)-induced MMP-9 activation. CYP2J2 was over-expressed in mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) by transfection with the pcDNA3.1/CYP2J2 vector. The effects of P450 epoxygenase transfection or exogenous supplementation of EETs on NF-kappabeta-mediated MMP-9 regulation were evaluated using Western blot, in-gel gelatin zymography, electromobility shift assay, immunocytochemistry. The result suggested that Hcy downregulated CYP2J2 protein expression and dephosphorylated PI3K-dependent AKT signal. Hcy induced the nuclear translocation of NF-kappabeta via downregulation of IKbetaalpha (endogenous cytoplasmic inhibitor of NF-kappabeta). Hcy induced MMP-9 activation by increasing NF-kappabeta-DNA binding. Moreover, P450 epoxygenase transfection or exogenous addition of 8,9-EET phosphorylated the AKT and attenuated Hcy-induced MMP-9 activation. This occurred, in part, by the inhibition of NF-kappabeta nuclear translocation, NF-kappabeta-DNA binding and activation of IKbetaalpha. The study unequivocally suggested the pivotal role of EETs in the modulation of Hcy/MMP-9 signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karni S Moshal
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
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Kumar M, Tyagi N, Moshal KS, Sen U, Pushpakumar SB, Vacek T, Lominadze D, Tyagi SC. GABAA receptor agonist mitigates homocysteine-induced cerebrovascular remodeling in knockout mice. Brain Res 2008; 1221:147-53. [PMID: 18547546 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2008] [Revised: 04/03/2008] [Accepted: 04/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with homozygous deficiency in cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS) develop high levels of homocysteine in plasma, a condition known as homocysteinuria. Mental retardation ensues with death in teens; the heterozygous live normally but develop vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in later part of life. The treatment with muscimol, a gamma amino butyric acid receptor-A (GABA(A)) agonist, mitigates the AD syndrome and vascular dementia. We tested the hypothesis that homocysteine (Hcy) antagonizes the GABA(A) receptor and behaves as an excitotoxic neurotransmitter that causes blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability and vascular dementia. The BBB permeability was measured by infusing Evan's blue dye (2% in saline 5 ml/kg concentration) in CBS-/+, GABA(A)-/-, CBS-/+/GABA(A)-/- double knockout, CBS-/+ mice treated with muscimol and wild type (WT) mice. Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP-2, MMP-9), Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase (TIMP-3, TIMP-4), collagen-III and elastin levels were measured in whole brain by Western blot. These results suggested an increase in Evan's blue permeability: CBS-/+<GABA(A)-/-<CBS-/+/GABA(A)-/- compared to WT mice. Interestingly, in CBS-/+ mice treated with muscimol, BBB permeability was significantly decreased compared with the CBS-/+ group. There was a decrease in the TIMP-4 protein expression level, whereas the TIMP-3 level increased in CBS-/+, GABA(A)-/-, and CBS-/+/GABA(A)-/- mice compared to the WT. MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression significantly increased in all the groups compared to the wild type. The results suggested that Hcy caused cerebral interstitial remodeling in brain by distorting the extracellular matrix, thus increasing the blood brain permeability; treatment with muscimol mitigated BBB permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munish Kumar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
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Tyagi N, Lominadze D, Gillespie W, Moshal KS, Sen U, Rosenberger DS, Steed M, Tyagi SC. Differential expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor A (GABA(A)) and effects of homocysteine. Clin Chem Lab Med 2008; 45:1777-84. [PMID: 17990949 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2007.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a known inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, and homocysteine (Hcy) behaves as an antagonist for GABA(A) receptor. Although the properties and functions of GABA(A) receptors are well studied in mouse neural tissue, its presence and significance in non-neural tissue remains obscure. The aim of the present study was to examine the expression of GABA(A) receptor and its subunits in non-neural tissue. METHODS The mice were analyzed. The presence of GABA(A) receptor and its subunits was evaluated using Western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS We report that GABA(A) receptor protein is abundant in the renal medulla, cortex, heart, left ventricle, aorta and pancreas. Low levels of GABA(A) receptor protein were detected in the atria of the heart, right ventricle, lung and stomach. The mRNA protein expression of GABA(A) receptor subunit shows that alpha1, beta1, beta3 and gamma1 subunits are present only in brain. The mRNA protein expression levels of GABA(A) receptor alpha2, alpha6, beta2 and gamma3 subunits were highly expressed in brain compared to other tested tissue, while GABA(A) receptor gamma2 subunit was expressed only in brain and kidney. Treatment of microvascular endothelial cells with Hcy decreased GABA(A) receptor protein level, which was restored to its baseline level in the presence of GABA(A) receptor agonist, muscimol. The distribution of GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors in wild type mice was determined and tissue-specific expression patterns were found showing that several receptor subtypes were also expressed in the central nervous system. CONCLUSIONS Hcy, a GABA(A) agonist, was found to decrease GABA(A) expression levels. These data enlarge knowledge on distribution of GABA receptors and give novel ideas of the effects of Hcy on different organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Tyagi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Hughes WM, Rodriguez WE, Rosenberger DS, Moshal KS, Sen U, Chen J, Kang YJ, Tyagi SC. Role of Copper and Homocysteine in Pressure Overload Heart Failure. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.1210.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Karni S. Moshal
- Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Utpal Sen
- Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Jing Chen
- University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | | | - Suresh C. Tyagi
- Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
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Tyagi N, Vacek TP, Kumar M, Sen U, Moshal KS, Tyagi SC. Effect of hydrogen sulfide on methionine‐induced oxidative stress in brain endothelial cells. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.734.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Tyagi
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | | | - Munish Kumar
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Utpal Sen
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
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Sen U, Vacek T, Kumar M, Moshal KS, Tyagi N, Metreveli N, Hayden MR, Tyagi SC. Cardioprotective role of sodium thiosulfate on chronic heart failure by modulating endogenous H2S generation. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.751.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Sen
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Thomas Vacek
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Munish Kumar
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Neetu Tyagi
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | | | - Melvin R Hayden
- Family and Community MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
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Kumar M, Tyagi N, Pushpakumar SB, Moshal KS, Sen U, Lominadze D, Tyagi SC. Mechanism of homocysteine‐induced dementia/spasm. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.734.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Munish Kumar
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvillleKY
| | - Neetu Tyagi
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvillleKY
| | - SB Pushpakumar
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvillleKY
| | - Utpal Sen
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvillleKY
| | - David Lominadze
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvillleKY
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvillleKY
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Moshal KS, Metreveli N, Kumar M, Vacek T, Tyagi N, Tyagi S. Mitochondrial MMP activation decreases myocyte contractility in hyperhomocysteinemia. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.751.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karni S Moshal
- Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Naira Metreveli
- Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Munish Kumar
- Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Thomas Vacek
- Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Neetu Tyagi
- Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Suresh Tyagi
- Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
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Tyagi N, Kumar M, Pushpakumar SB, Lominadze D, Moshal KS, Sen U, Vacek TP, Tyagi SC. Homocysteine attenuates blood brain barrier function by inducing oxidative stress and the junctional proteins. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.734.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Tyagi
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Munish Kumar
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - SB Pushpakumar
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | | | - Karni S Moshal
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Utpal Sen
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | | | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
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Metreveli N, Moshal KS, Tyagi SC. Electrical stimulation activates myocyte mitochondrial MMP. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.963.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naira Metreveli
- Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
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38
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Sen U, Tyagi N, Moshal KS, Dean WL, Roberts AM, Tyagi SC, Lominadze D. Increased fibrinogen content induces release of endothelin‐1 from endothelial cells. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.732.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - William L. Dean
- Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY
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Tyagi N, Moshal KS, Tyagi SC, Lominadze D. gamma-Aminbuturic acid A receptor mitigates homocysteine-induced endothelial cell permeability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 14:315-23. [PMID: 18080868 DOI: 10.1080/10623320701746164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Many cerebrovascular disorders are accompanied by an increased homocysteine (Hcy) levels. We have previously shown that acute hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) leads to an increased microvascular permeability in the mouse brain. Hcy competitively binds to gamma -aminbuturic acid (GABA) receptors and may increase vascular permeability by acting as an excitatory neurotransmitter. However, the role of GABA-A (GABA(A)) receptor in Hcy-induced endothelial cell (EC) permeability remains unclear. In the present study we attempted to determine the role of GABA(A) receptor and the possible mechanisms involved in Hcy-induced EC layer permeability. Mouse aortic and brain ECs were grown in Transwells and treated with 50 mu M Hcy in the presence or absence of GABA(A)-specific agonist muscimol. Role of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was determined using its activity inhibitor GM-6001. Involvement of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling was assessed using its kinase activity inhibitors PD98059 or U0126. EC permeability to the known content of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-conjugated with Alexa Flour-488 was assessed by measuring fluorescence intensity of the solutes in the Transwell's lower chambers. It was found that Hcy induced the formation of filamentous actin (F-actin). Hcy-induced EC permeability to BSA was significantly decreased by GABA and muscimol treatments. Presence of MMP-9 or ERK kinase activity inhibitors restored the Hcy-induced EC permeability to its baseline level. The mediation BSA leakage through the ECs was further confirmed in the experiments where Hcy-induced alterations in transendothelial electrical resistance of confluent ECs were assessed. The data suggest that Hcy increases EC layer permeability through inhibition of GABA(A) receptor and F-actin formation, in part, by transducing ERK and MMP-9 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Tyagi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
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Moshal KS, Camel CK, Kartha GK, Steed MM, Tyagi N, Sen U, Kang YJ, Lominadze D, Maldonado C, Tyagi SC. Cardiac dys-synchronization and arrhythmia in hyperhomocysteinemia. Curr Neurovasc Res 2008; 4:289-94. [PMID: 18045155 DOI: 10.2174/156720207782446324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Although cardiac synchronization is important in maintaining myocardial performance, the mechanism of dys-synchronization in ailing to failing myocardium is unclear. It is known that the cardiac myocyte contracts and relaxes individually; however, it synchronizes only when connected to one another by low resistance communications called gap junction protein (connexins) and extra cellular matrix (ECM). Therefore, the remodeling of connexins and ECM in heart failure plays an important role in cardiac conduction, synchronization and arrhythmias. This review for the first time addresses the role of systemic accumulation of homocysteine (Hcy) in vasospasm, pressure and volume overload heart failure, hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias. The attenuation of calcium-dependent mitochondrial (mt), endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (mtNOS, eNOS and nNOS) by Hcy plays a significant role in cardiac arrhythmias. The signal transduction mechanisms in Hcy-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation in cardiac connexin remodeling are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karni S Moshal
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kentucky 40202, USA.
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Sen U, Tyagi N, Kumar M, Moshal KS, Rodriguez WE, Tyagi SC. Cystathionine-β-synthase gene transfer and 3-deazaadenosine ameliorate inflammatory response in endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2007; 293:C1779-87. [PMID: 17855772 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00207.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although elevated levels of homocysteine (Hcy) known as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) are associated with increased inflammation and vascular remodeling, the mechanism of Hcy-mediated inflammation and vascular remodeling is unclear. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and adhesion molecules play an important role in vascular remodeling. We hypothesized that HHcy induces inflammation by increasing adhesion molecules and matrix protein expression. Endothelial cells were supplemented with high methionine, and Hcy accumulation was measured by HPLC. Nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability was detected by a NO probe. The protein expression was measured by Western blot analysis. MMP-9 activity was detected by gelatin-gel zymography. We demonstrated that methionine supplement promoted upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) through increased Hcy accumulation. In addition, increased synthesis of collagen type-1 was also observed. MMP-9 gene expression and protein activity were increased in methionine supplement groups. 3-Deazaadenosine (DZA), an adenosine analogue, prevented high methionine-induced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression and collagen type-1 synthesis. Transfection of endothelial cells with cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) gene construct, which converts Hcy to cystathionine, reduced Hcy accumulation in high methionine-fed cells. CBS gene transfection reduced the inflammatory response, as evident by attenuated ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression. Furthermore, collagen type-1 expression and MMP-9 activity were dramatically attenuated with CBS gene transfection. These results suggested that methionine supplement increased Hcy accumulation, which was associated with inflammatory response and matrix remodeling such as collagen type-1 synthesis and MMP-9 activity. However, in vitro DZA and CBS gene therapy successfully treated the HHcy-induced inflammatory reaction in the methionine metabolism pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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42
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Henderson BC, Sen U, Reynolds C, Moshal KS, Ovechkin A, Tyagi N, Kartha GK, Rodriguez WE, Tyagi SC. Reversal of systemic hypertension-associated cardiac remodeling in chronic pressure overload myocardium by ciglitazone. Int J Biol Sci 2007; 3:385-92. [PMID: 17848984 PMCID: PMC1975776 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.3.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2007] [Accepted: 09/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated oxidative stress has been characterized in numerous disorders including systemic hypertension, arterial stiffness, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and heart failure. The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) ameliorates oxidative stress and LVH. To test the hypothesis that PPARγ decreased LVH and cardiac fibrosis in chronic pressure overload, in part, by increasing SOD, eNOS and elastin and decreasing NOX4, MMP and collagen synthesis and degradation, chronic pressure overload analogous to systemic hypertension was created in C57BL/6J mice by occluding the abdominal aorta above the kidneys (aortic stenosis-AS). The sham surgery was used as controls. Ciglitazone (CZ, a PPARγ agonist, 4 µg/ml) was administered in drinking water. LV function was measured by M-Mode Echocardiography. We found that PPARγ protein levels were increased by CZ. NOX-4 expression was increased by pressure-overload and such an increase was attenuated by CZ. SOD expression was not affected by CZ. Expression of iNOS was induced by pressure-overload, and such an increase was inhibited by CZ. Protein levels for MMP2, MMP-9, MMP-13 were induced and TIMP levels were decreased by pressure-overload. The CZ mitigated these levels. Collagen synthesis was increased and elastin levels were decreased by pressure-overload and CZ ameliorated these changes. Histochemistry showed that CZ inhibited interstitial and perivascular fibrosis. Echocardiography showed that CZ attenuated the systolic and diastolic LV dysfunction induced by pressure-overload. These observations suggested that CZ inhibited pressure-overlaod-induced cardiac remodeling, and inhibition of an induction of NOX4, iNOS, MMP-2/MMP-13 expression and collagen synthesis/degradation may play a role in pressure-overload induced cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke C Henderson
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Moshal KS, Adhikari JS, Bist K, Nair U, Dwarakanath BS, Katyal A, Chandra R. Calcium channel antagonist (nifedipine) attenuates Plasmodium berghei-specific T cell immune responses in Balb/C mice. APMIS 2007; 115:911-20. [PMID: 17696947 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.apm_659.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nifedipine and verapamil (Martin et al. Science 1987;235:899-901) are a class of calcium channel blockers involved in the reversal of chloroquine (CQ) drug resistance in CQ-sensitive Plasmodium spp. Nifedipine alters calcium-dependent functions of macrophages and neutrophils during Plasmodium berghei malaria. However, knowledge of nifedipine-induced immunomodulation of T cell functions during P. berghei malaria is still limited. We investigated the effect of nifedipine on the immune status of splenic T cells during P. berghei malaria. The intracellular calcium levels were determined in the FURA-2A/M loaded T cells by spectrofluorometry. Splenic T cell proliferation, phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization, Fas expression and Bcl2/Bax expression were determined by flow cytometry. We report a significant increase in mean percent parasitemia in nifedipine-treated and P. berghei-infected mice. Although nifedipine treatment alone did not affect the resting state free calcium levels in splenic T cells, the rise in intracellular calcium levels of T cells following P. berghei infection was significantly less in nifedipine-treated mice compared to untreated groups at various parasitemia levels. Antigen-specific splenic T cell proliferation and apoptosis was ablated in nifedipine-treated and untreated groups at various parasitemia levels. The study unequivocally reflects the suppression of P. berghei-specific T cell immune responses by nifedipine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karni S Moshal
- B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Sen U, Tyagi N, Moshal KS, Kartha GK, Rosenberger D, Henderson BC, Joshua IG, Tyagi SC. Cardiac synchronous and dys-synchronous remodeling in diabetes mellitus. Antioxid Redox Signal 2007; 9:971-8. [PMID: 17508918 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2007.1597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Glucose-mediated impairment of homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism and decrease in renal clearance contribute to hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in diabetes. The Hcy induces oxidative stress, inversely relates to the expression of peroxisome proliferators activated receptor (PPAR), and contributes to diabetic complications. Extracellular matrix (ECM) functionally links the endothelium to the myocyte and is important for cardiac synchronization. However, in diabetes and hyperhomocysteinemia, a "disconnection" is caused by activated matrix metalloproteinase with subsequent accumulation of oxidized matrix (fibrosis) between the endothelium and myocyte (E-M). This contributes to "endothelial-myocyte uncoupling," attenuation of cardiac synchrony, leading to diastolic heart failure (DHF), and cardiac dys-synchronizatrion. The decreased levels of thioredoxin and peroxiredoxin and cardiac tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase are in response to antagonizing PPARgamma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Abstract
Chronic volume overload (VO) on the left ventricle (LV) augments redox stress and activates matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) which causes the endocardial endothelial-myocyte (EM) disconnection leading to myocardial contractile dysfunction. VO-induced MMP-9 activation impairs cardiac functions, in part by endothelial endocardial apoptosis, but the role of MMP-9 on EM functions remains obscure. We conjecture that chronic VO activates MMP-9 and causes EM uncoupling. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) was created in genetically identical wild type (WT) mice (FVB/NJ) and MMP-9 knockout mice (MMP-9KO, FVB.Cg-MMP9(tm1Tvu)/J). Sham-operated mice were used as controls. Before experimentation the phenotype analysis of MMP-9KO mice was carried out. In-gel-gelatin zymography for MMP-9 activation was performed on LV homogenates. The EM functions were determined on LV rings using tissue myobath. We report a decrease in MMP-9 activity in left ventricular myocardial extracts in MMP-9 deficient mice after AVF. The responses to drugs affecting cardiac functions (acetylcholine (Ach), nitroprusside and bradykinin) were attenuated in AVF mice suggesting the impairment of EM coupling. Interestingly, the EM functions were restored in the MMP-9 deficient mice after AVF. We suggest a direct cause-and-effect relationship between MMP-9 activation and EM uncoupling in LV myocardium after chronic VO and the possible involvement of MMP-9 in myocardial contractile performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Moshal
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Health Sciences Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
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Sen U, Moshal KS, Singh M, Tyagi N, Tyagi SC. Homocysteine-induced biochemical stress predisposes to cytoskeletal remodeling in stretched endothelial cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2007; 302:133-43. [PMID: 17525826 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-007-9435-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2006] [Accepted: 02/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cellular cytoskeletal remodeling reflects alterations in local biochemical and mechanical changes in terms of stress that manifests relocation of signaling molecules within and across the cell. Although stretching due to load and chemical changes by high homocysteine (HHcy) causes cytoskeletal re-arrangement, the synergism between stretch and HHcy is unclear. We investigated the contribution of HHcy in cyclic stretch-induced focal adhesion (FA) protein redistribution leading to cytoskeletal re-arrangement in mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAEC). MAEC were subjected to cyclic stretch (CS) and HHcy alone or in combination. The redistribution of FA protein, and small GTPases were determined by Confocal microscopy and Western blot techniques in membrane and cytosolic compartments. We found that each treatment induces focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation and cytoskeletal actin polymerization. In addition, CS activates and membrane translocates small GTPases RhoA with minimal effect on Rac1, whereas HHcy alone is ineffective in both GTPases translocation. However, the combined effect of CS and HHcy activates and membrane translocates both GTPases. Free radical scavenger NAC (N-Acetyl-Cysteine) inhibits CS and HHcy-mediated FAK phosphorylation and actin stress fiber formation. Interestingly, CS also activates and membrane translocates another FA protein, paxillin in HHcy condition. Cytochalasin D, an actin polymerization blocker and PI3-kinase inhibitor Wortmannin inhibited FAK phosphorylation and membrane translocation of paxillin suggesting the involvement of PI3K pathway. Together our results suggest that CS- and HHcy-induced oxidative stress synergistically contribute to small GTPase membrane translocation and focal adhesion protein redistribution leading to endothelial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, HSC, University of Louisville School of Medicine, A-1215, 500 South Preston Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Tyagi N, Moshal KS, Sen U, Lominadze D, Tyagi SC. Activation of GABA
A
receptor ameliorate homocysteine‐induced MMP‐9 by ERK pathway. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a497-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Tyagi
- Physiology &BiophysicsUniversity of Louisville500 South Preston Street, School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Physiology &BiophysicsUniversity of Louisville500 South Preston Street, School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202
| | - Utpal Sen
- Physiology &BiophysicsUniversity of Louisville500 South Preston Street, School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202
| | - David Lominadze
- Physiology &BiophysicsUniversity of Louisville500 South Preston Street, School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Physiology &BiophysicsUniversity of Louisville500 South Preston Street, School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202
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Tyagi N, Steed M, Gillespie W, Rosenberger DS, Lominadze D, Sen U, Moshal KS, Henderson BC, Tyagi SC. Differential Expression of the GABA
A
receptor subunits in the Kidney and Cardiovascular system. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a497-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Tyagi
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of Louisville, School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202
| | - Mesia Steed
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of Louisville, School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202
| | - William Gillespie
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of Louisville, School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202
| | | | - David Lominadze
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of Louisville, School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202
| | - Utpal Sen
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of Louisville, School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202
| | - Karni S. Moshal
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of Louisville, School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202
| | - Brooke C. Henderson
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of Louisville, School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202
| | - Suresh C. Tyagi
- Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of Louisville, School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202
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Henderson BC, Tyagi N, Ovechkin A, Kartha GK, Moshal KS, Tyagi SC. Oxidative remodeling in pressure overload induced chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2007; 9:450-7. [PMID: 17306621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejheart.2006.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2006] [Revised: 09/28/2006] [Accepted: 12/14/2006] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive strides in understanding pressure overload induced heart failure, there is very little known about oxidative stress induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation, collagen degradation and remodeling in pressure overload heart failure. We hypothesize that pressure overload leads to redox imbalance causing increased expression/activity of MMP-2/9 producing collagen degradation and heart failure. To test this hypothesis, we created pressure overload heart failure by abdominal aortic stenosis (AS) in wild-type C57BL/6J and collagen mutant (Col1a1 with 129 s background) mice. At 4 weeks, post surgery, functional parameters were measured. Left ventricle (LV) tissue sections were analyzed by histology, Western Blot and PCR. The results suggest an increase in iNOS with a decrease in eNOS, an increase in nitrated protein modification and depletion of antioxidants thioredoxin and SOD in pressure overload. MMP-2/9 expression/activity and collagen degradation were increased in the AS animals. To determine whether a mutation in the collagen gene at the site of MMP cleavage mitigates cardiac hypertrophy, we used Col1a1 mice. In these mice, the AS induced LV hypertrophy (LVH) was ameliorated. In conclusion, our results suggest that AS leads to increased oxidative stress, expression/activity of MMP-2/9 and a decrease in antioxidant expression producing collagen degradation and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke C Henderson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Tyagi N, Moshal KS, Sen U, Lominadze D, Ovechkin AV, Tyagi SC. Ciglitazone ameliorates homocysteine-mediated mitochondrial translocation and matrix metalloproteinase-9 activation in endothelial cells by inducing peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma activity. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2006; 52:21-7. [PMID: 17543202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2005] [Accepted: 01/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The activation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) ameliorates the homocysteine (Hcy)-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) by decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, the mechanism by which Hcy induces ROS generation and MMP activation is unclear. We hypothesize that Hcy increases NADH oxidase (Nox-4) and decreases thioredoxin (Trx). This leads to translocation of Nox-4 into the mitochondria and decrease in Trx. In addition, activation of PPARgamma ameliorates the translocation of Nox-4 into mitochondria and MMP-9 activation. Mouse aortic vascular endothelial cells (MVEC) were cultured in the presence or absence of 100 microM Hcy. The cells were pre-treated with ciglitazone (CZ, 150 microM). Activity of PPARgamma activity was measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and antibody super shift assay. In situ generation of ROS was measured using 2,7-dichlorofluorescin (DCF) as a probe. The expression of Nox-4 and Trx were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-RT-PCR). The translocation of Nox-4 was measured by 2-D gel analysis. To determine the levels of Nox-4 and Trx, the mitochondria and cytosol were separated and Western blot analysis was preformed. The MMP-9 activity was measured by gelatin-zymography. The results suggested that CZ activated endothelial PPARgamma in the presence of Hcy. Production of ROS was ameliorated by PPARgamma activation. Expression of Nox-4 was increased, while production of Trx was decreased by Hcy. However, the treatment with CZ normalized the levels of Nox-4 and Trx. Nox-4 was translocated into mitochondria in Hcy-treated endothelial cells. This translocation was associated with decreased production of Trx in mitochondria. The treatment with CZ blocked this translocation and increased Trx levels in mitochondria. Hcy-mediated MMP-9 activity was decreased in cells pre-treated with CZ. These results suggest that Hcy increases NADH oxidase and decreases Trx by translocation of Nox-4 to mitochondria. The data show that indeed, activation of PPARgamma ameliorates the mitochondrial translocation of NOX-4 and MMP-9 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tyagi
- University of Louisville School of Medicine, Dept of Physiology & Biophysics, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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