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Dong HM, Liang HP, Tao ZH, Duan YF, Milošević MV, Chang K. Interface thermal conductivities induced by van der Waals interactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4047-4051. [PMID: 38224156 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05377f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The interface heat transfer of two layers induced by van der Waals (vdW) contacts is theoretically investigated, based on first-principles calculations at low temperatures. The results suggest that out-of-plane acoustic phonons with low frequencies dominate the interface thermal transport due to the vdW interaction. The interface thermal conductivity is proportional to the cubic of temperature at very low temperatures, but becomes linearly proportional to temperature as temperature increases. We show that manipulating the strain alters vdW coupling, leading to increased interfacial thermal conductivity at the interface. Our findings provide valuable insights into the interface heat transport in vdW heterostructures and support further design and optimization of electronic and optoelectronic nanodevices based on vdW contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Dong
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - H P Liang
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Z H Tao
- Department of Physics and NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Y F Duan
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - M V Milošević
- Department of Physics and NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso 78060-900, Brazil
| | - K Chang
- School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
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2
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Abstract
We study non-trivial spin textures, nanoscale magnetic skyrmions and skyrmioniums, in two-dimensional (2D) Janus magnets, such as MnSTe and MnSeTe, based on the micromagnetism approach and Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation. It is found that the Janus magnetic structures can host stable Néel nano-skyrmions with sub-10 nm diameters, and skyrmioniums with zero topological charge. The skyrmion size can be squeezed by external magnetic fields, and even the topological charge can be changed. The diameters of the skyrmioniums are about twice the size of the skyrmions. Moreover, the switching of the topological charge Q = ±1 can be realized by changing the direction of the external magnetic fields. Our results clearly show that magnetic skyrmions in Janus magnets can be used to construct new types of efficient spintronic nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Dong
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - P P Fu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - Y F Duan
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - K Chang
- SKLSM, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing 100083, China.
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3
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Tang JK, Wang YX, Chang K, Zhang DB. Polarization due to emergent polarity in elemental semiconductor thinfilms under bending. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 51:015501. [PMID: 36301713 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac9dd8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polarization via strain engineering provides a facial way to functionalize materials. We investigate the origin of electronic polarization in the bent elemental semiconductor thinfilms by combining analytical modeling with quantum mechanical simulation. A bond orbital model reveals a polarity of covalent bonds induced by strain gradient such that polarization along the strain gradient dimension can be induced, giving rise to the flexoelectric effect. At strain gradient1/R=0.01 nm-1, the net charge differences between the two sides are5×10-4e,2.5×10-3eand7.2×10-3efor C, Si and Ge films respectively. On the other hand, due to the emergent bond polarity, the polarization can be effectively tuned by normal strain applied to the bent film, mimicking the piezoelectric effect. Simulations using the generalized Bloch theorem strongly support this revelation. Findings have important implications for delineating the formation of polarization and related phenomena in semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-K Tang
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Y-X Wang
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - K Chang
- SKLSM, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 912, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - D-B Zhang
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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4
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Yi X, Chen Y, Chang K, Zheng Y, Li X. Laparoscopic-Assisted Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision for a Patient with Bowel Endometriosis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2022.09.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Ruan J, Tian Q, Wang Y, Chang K, Yi X. 8659 Interleukin-33 Promotes Endometriosis Fibrosis by Inducing Fibroblast to Myofibroblast Transformation. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2022.09.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Tian Q, Zheng Y, Chang K, Yi X. 8795 Impact of Surgical Procedures on Intestinal Function and Quality of Life in Patients with Deep Endometriosis: A Prospective Study. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2022.09.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Parnham JC, Chang K, Rauber F, Levy RB, von Hinke S, Laverty AA, Millett C, Vamos EP. The ultra-processed food content of school meals and packed lunches in the United Kingdom (2008-2017). Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac129.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
British children have the highest ultra-processed food (UPF) intake in Europe, which is linked to adverse health outcomes. Schools are posited as a setting for dietary intervention, yet the level of UPFs consumed at schools is currently unknown. This study aimed to describe the UPF content of school food in the UK, explore the UPF content of school meals and packed lunches (food from home) and examine whether UPF differs by children's household income.
Methods
A pooled cross-sectional analysis of primary (4-11 years, n = 1,895) and secondary schoolchildren (11-18 years, n = 1,408) from the UK's National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008-2017) was conducted. Food diaries recorded student's meal-type (school meal/packed lunch). UPF intake was defined using the NOVA food classification system. Quantile regression models assessed the association between meal-type and lunchtime UPF intake (%kcal and % grams). Models were stratified by school phase (primary/secondary) and interacted meal-type with income.
Results
Schoolchildren consumed most of their lunch as UPF, with higher median intakes in secondary schoolchildren than primary schoolchildren (77.8 %kcal vs 72.6 %kcal). School meals were associated with lower median UPF intake (%kcal) in both primary (-20 percentage-points[pp] [95% CI -22.2, -17.4]) and secondary schoolchildren (-11pp [-16.0,-7.0]) compared with packed lunches. Results were similar when UPF %g was analysed. Overall, income was inversely associated with UPF content. However, in primary schoolchildren there was no significant income gradient in the UPF(%g) content of school meals.
Conclusions
In the first nationally representative study, we showed that on average UPF intake was high in all UK schoolchildren. Higher UPF intakes were observed in packed lunch consumers, secondary schoolchildren, and those with a lower income. Procurement policies must be revaluated to protect children from high UPF intake.
Funders: NIHR School for Public Health Research
Key messages
• In the first study of ultra-processed food content of UK school food, we show that children consumed around three quarters of their energy as ultra-processed food at lunch.
• Children who were older, took food from home or were from a low-income household were more likely to consume higher levels of ultra-processed food. Regulation is needed to protect these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- JC Parnham
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - K Chang
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - F Rauber
- Department of Nutrition, University of São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil
| | - RB Levy
- Department of Nutrition, University of São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S von Hinke
- School of Economics, University of Bristol , Bristol, UK
| | - AA Laverty
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - C Millett
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - EP Vamos
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Imperial College London , London, UK
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8
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Kyriakos CN, Qi D, Chang K, Laverty AA, Filippidis FT. Global market trends of flavour capsule and menthol cigarettes in 78 countries, 2010-2020. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac129.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Flavoured tobacco products, including innovative flavour capsule cigarettes (FCCs) and menthol cigarettes, can increase appeal and encourage smoking initiation and use. Global epidemiological data on these products are scarce.
Methods
This study examined market trends of FCCs and menthol (non-capsule) cigarettes across 78 countries from 2010 to 2020 and assessed ecological-level factors associated with market shares of these products. Market share and retail volume data came from Euromonitor Passport and country-specific sociodemographic data come from the WHO and World Bank. Adjusted linear fixed effects panel regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between predictors variables and market outcomes.
Results
Global total retail volume of FCCs increased over time (0.2% in 2010 to 4.5% in 2020) and market share was associated with year and unemployment rate and inversely associated with % urban population and smoking prevalence (p < 0.001). In contrast, menthol retail volume decreased over time (5.0% to 3.8%) and market share was associated with % urban population (p = 0.001) and inversely associated with year (p = 0.004) and unemployment rate (p = 0.017). The greatest market increase of FCCs was observed in the Americas region and among upper-middle income countries. In Europe, there was a decrease of 0.64 percentage points from 2019 to 2020.
Conclusions
Overall, FCCs experienced substantial global growth in the recent decade, with the exception of Europe whose slight decrease may be attributable to the European Union ban on flavours in cigarettes. Findings indicate that there is a need for increased efforts to address flavours and innovative features used in tobacco products, which are known to appeal to youth.
Key messages
• This study contributes to global monitoring of tobacco products.
• Findings can be used by advocates and policy makers to support countries in adopting measures to ban flavoured tobacco products.
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Affiliation(s)
- CN Kyriakos
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - D Qi
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - K Chang
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - AA Laverty
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - FT Filippidis
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London , London, UK
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9
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Hou ZF, Yuan ZH, Chang K, Cao YH, Guan FX, Gao Y. NLRP3 rs1539019 is significantly associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a Chinese Han population: a case-control study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:5821-5828. [PMID: 36066157 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202208_29521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE COPD is a complex respiratory disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation and the airflow limitations are not fully reversible due to the combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factors such as polymorphisms, may affect the susceptibility of COPD. In the present study, we examined the association between the polymorphisms of three genes and COPD risk in a Chinese Han population. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 375 COPD patients and 284 control subjects were recruited from November 2018 to June 2021. Data on demographic basic information, smoking status, history of coal dust exposure, and peripheral blood were collected from subjects of two groups. Three polymorphisms (NLRP3 rs1539019, LAMB1 rs4320486, IL-6 rs1800796) were analyzed. Logistic analysis was used to evaluate the genetic contribution of selected SNPs to COPD susceptibility. RESULTS The AC genotype of NLRP3 rs1539019 significantly decreased COPD risk compared with CC genotype (adjusted OR = 0.508, 95% CI 0.336-0.767). In the stratification analyses, the AC genotype significantly decreased the risk of COPD in subjects aged 60 and over (p=0.005; adjusted OR = 0.553; 95% CI 0.366-0.835) with current smoking status (p=0.002; adjusted OR = 0.419; 95% CI 0.240-0.732) when compared with AA+CC genotype. Moreover, a significantly decreased risk for GOLD III COPD was found in genotype AC of NLRP3 rs1539019 (p=0.006; adjusted OR = 0.502; 95% CI 0.306-0.822). CONCLUSIONS Our present study revealed that the genotype AC of NLRP3 rs1539019 is related to a decreased risk of COPD in a Chinese Han population, a large-sample, multi-center, multi-ethnic study is needed to further confirm our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-F Hou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sinopharm Tongmei General Hospital, Datong, China.
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10
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Gartlan KH, Jaiswal JK, Bull MR, Akhlaghi H, Sutton VR, Alexander KA, Chang K, Hill GR, Miller CK, O'Connor PD, Jose J, Trapani JA, Charman SA, Spicer JA, Jamieson SMF. Preclinical Activity and Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Relationship for a Series of Novel Benzenesulfonamide Perforin Inhibitors. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2022; 5:429-439. [PMID: 35711815 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Perforin is a key effector of lymphocyte-mediated cell death pathways and contributes to transplant rejection of immunologically mismatched grafts. We have developed a novel series of benzenesulfonamide (BZS) inhibitors of perforin that can mitigate graft rejection during allogeneic bone marrow/stem cell transplantation. Eight such perforin inhibitors were tested for their murine pharmacokinetics, plasma protein binding, and their ability to block perforin-mediated lysis in vitro and to block the rejection of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-mismatched mouse bone marrow cells. All compounds showed >99% binding to plasma proteins and demonstrated perforin inhibitory activity in vitro and in vivo. A lead compound, compound 1, that showed significant increases in allogeneic bone marrow preservation was evaluated for its plasma pharmacokinetics and in vivo efficacy at multiple dosing regimens to establish a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationship. The strongest PK/PD correlation was observed between perforin inhibition in vivo and time that total plasma concentrations remained above 900 μM, which correlates to unbound concentrations similar to 3× the unbound in vitro IC90 of compound 1. This PK/PD relationship will inform future dosing strategies of BZS perforin inhibitors to maintain concentrations above 3× the unbound IC90 for as long as possible to maximize efficacy and enhance progression toward clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate H Gartlan
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Jagdish K Jaiswal
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Matthew R Bull
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Hedieh Akhlaghi
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Vivien R Sutton
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Kylie A Alexander
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Karshing Chang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Christian K Miller
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Patrick D O'Connor
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jiney Jose
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Joseph A Trapani
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Susan A Charman
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Julie A Spicer
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.,Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Stephen M F Jamieson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.,Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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11
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George E, Flagg E, Chang K, Bai HX, Aerts HJ, Vallières M, Reardon DA, Huang RY. Radiomics-Based Machine Learning for Outcome Prediction in a Multicenter Phase II Study of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Inhibition Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:675-681. [PMID: 35483906 PMCID: PMC9089247 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Imaging assessment of an immunotherapy response in glioblastoma is challenging due to overlap in the appearance of treatment-related changes with tumor progression. Our purpose was to determine whether MR imaging radiomics-based machine learning can predict progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with glioblastoma on programmed death-ligand 1 inhibition immunotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Post hoc analysis was performed of a multicenter trial on the efficacy of durvalumab in glioblastoma (n = 113). Radiomics tumor features on pretreatment and first on-treatment time point MR imaging were extracted. The random survival forest algorithm was applied to clinical and radiomics features from pretreatment and first on-treatment MR imaging from a subset of trial sites (n = 60-74) to train a model to predict long overall survival and progression-free survival and was tested externally on data from the remaining sites (n = 29-43). Model performance was assessed using the concordance index and dynamic area under the curve from different time points. RESULTS The mean age was 55.2 (SD, 11.5) years, and 69% of patients were male. Pretreatment MR imaging features had a poor predictive value for overall survival and progression-free survival (concordance index = 0.472-0.524). First on-treatment MR imaging features had high predictive value for overall survival (concordance index = 0.692-0.750) and progression-free survival (concordance index = 0.680-0.715). CONCLUSIONS A radiomics-based machine learning model from first on-treatment MR imaging predicts survival in patients with glioblastoma on programmed death-ligand 1 inhibition immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E George
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (E.G.), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - E Flagg
- Department of Radiology (E.F., R.Y.H.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - K Chang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (K.C.), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - H X Bai
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging (H.X.B.), Rhode Island Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - H J Aerts
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Program (H.J.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Radiology (H.J.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - M Vallières
- Department of Computer Science (M.V.), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - D A Reardon
- Center for Neuro Oncology (D.A.R.), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - R Y Huang
- Department of Radiology (E.F., R.Y.H.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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12
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Strand N, Wie C, Peck J, Maita M, Singh N, Dumbroff J, Tieppo Francio V, Murphy M, Chang K, Dickerson DM, Maloney J. Correction to: Small Fiber Neuropathy. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2022; 26:439. [PMID: 35460493 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-022-01050-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Strand
- Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | - C Wie
- Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - J Peck
- Performing Arts Medicine Department, Shenandoah University, Winchester, USA
| | - M Maita
- Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - N Singh
- OrthoAlabama Spine and Sports, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - J Dumbroff
- Mount Sinai Morningside and West Department of Anesthiology, New York, NY, USA
| | - V Tieppo Francio
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - M Murphy
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - K Chang
- Department of Anesthiology and Critical Care, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - D M Dickerson
- NorthShore University Healthsystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Maloney
- Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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13
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Strand N, Wie C, Peck J, Maita M, Singh N, Dumbroff J, Tieppo Francio V, Murphy M, Chang K, Dickerson DM, Maloney J. Small Fiber Neuropathy. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2022; 26:429-438. [PMID: 35384587 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-022-01044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This narrative review aims to summarize advances in the field of small fiber neuropathy made over the last decade, with emphasis on novel research highlighting the distinctive features of SFN. RECENT FINDINGS While the management of SFNs is ideally aimed at treating the underlying cause, most patients will require pain control via multiple, concurrent therapies. Herein, we highlight the most up-to-date information for diagnosis, medication management, interventional management, and novel therapies on the horizon. Despite the prevalence of small fiber neuropathies, there is no clear consensus on guidelines specific for the treatment of SFN. Despite the lack of specific guidelines for SFN treatment, the most recent general neuropathic pain guidelines are based on Cochrane studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which have individually examined therapies used for the more commonly studied SFNs, such as painful diabetic neuropathy and HIV neuropathy. The recommendations from current guidelines are based on variables such as number needed to treat (NNT), safety, ease of use, and effect on quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Strand
- Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | - C Wie
- Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - J Peck
- Performing Arts Medicine Department, Shenandoah University, Winchester, USA
| | - M Maita
- Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - N Singh
- OrthoAlabama Spine and Sports, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - J Dumbroff
- Mount Sinai Morningside and West Department of Anesthesiology, New York, NY, USA
| | - V Tieppo Francio
- Department of Rehabilitation on Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - M Murphy
- Department of Rehabilitation on Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - K Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - D M Dickerson
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago,, IL, USA
| | - J Maloney
- Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Ramirez R, Earland N, Harris P, Gerndt S, Wahle B, Chang K, Chaudhuri A, Jose Z. Surgical Drain Fluid as a Novel Liquid Biopsy Analyte to Measure Postoperative Minimal Residual Disease in HPV+ Oropharyngeal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Chang K, Khandpur N, Neri D, Touvier M, Huybrechts I, Millett C, Vamos EP. Childhood consumption of ultra-processed foods and adiposity trajectories: a UK birth cohort study. Eur J Public Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab164.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Worldwide consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is continued to rise. Growing evidence has linked higher consumption with elevated risks of obesity and non-communicable diseases in adults. However, the influence of UPFs on long-term adiposity trajectories have not been evaluated in children.
Methods
Prospective birth cohort data were obtained from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. English children with baseline dietary intakes from 3-day food diaries and repeated adiposity measures were followed up from ages 7-24 years. Outcomes included body mass index (BMI), weight, waist circumference (WC), fat mass index (FMI) and body fat percentage. UPFs were identified using the NOVA food classification. Child's consumption of UPFs was derived as a percentage of its weight contribution (gram per day) in the total diet and categorised into quintiles. Longitudinal associations were assessed using linear growth curve models and adjusted for study covariates.
Results
Of the 9025 children followed up over a median (IQR) of 10.2 (5.2-16.4) years. Trajectories of BMI, FMI, weight and WC increased by an additional 0.06 (95% CI, 0.04-0.08) kg/m2, 0.03 (0.01-0.05) kg/m2, 0.20 (0.11-0.28) kg and 0.17 (0.11-0.22) cm per year among those in the highest (vs. lowest) quintile of UPF consumption. Evidence of dose-response relationships were consistently observed with those in the two highest quintiles of UPF consumption showing significantly more rapid progression of BMI, weight, and WC.
Conclusions
Radical and effective public health actions that reduce children's exposure and consumption of UPFs are urgently needed to address the obesity epidemic in England and internationally.
Funding: CM and EV are funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research (SPHR), Grant Reference Number PD-SPH-2015. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care.
Key messages
Children with highest (vs. lowest) quintile of ultra-processed food consumption had more rapid regression of BMI, FMI, weight and waist circumference from ages 7-24 years. Dose-response relationships were consistently observed in the two highest quintile of ultra-processed food consumption showing more rapid progression of BMI, weight and waist circumference.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chang
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - N Khandpur
- Department of Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - D Neri
- Department of Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Touvier
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Paris, France
| | - I Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, IARC, Lyon, France
| | - C Millett
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - EP Vamos
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Henden AS, Koyama M, Robb RJ, Forero A, Kuns RD, Chang K, Ensbey KS, Varelias A, Kazakoff SH, Waddell N, Clouston AD, Giri R, Begun J, Blazar BR, Degli-Esposti MA, Kotenko SV, Lane SW, Bowerman KL, Savan R, Hugenholtz P, Gartlan KH, Hill GR. IFN-λ therapy prevents severe gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2021; 138:722-737. [PMID: 34436524 PMCID: PMC8667051 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020006375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunopathology and intestinal stem cell (ISC) loss in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the prima facie manifestation of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and is responsible for significant mortality after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Approaches to prevent GVHD to date focus on immune suppression. Here, we identify interferon-λ (IFN-λ; interleukin-28 [IL-28]/IL-29) as a key protector of GI GVHD immunopathology, notably within the ISC compartment. Ifnlr1-/- mice displayed exaggerated GI GVHD and mortality independent of Paneth cells and alterations to the microbiome. Ifnlr1-/- intestinal organoid growth was significantly impaired, and targeted Ifnlr1 deficiency exhibited effects intrinsic to recipient Lgr5+ ISCs and natural killer cells. PEGylated recombinant IL-29 (PEG-rIL-29) treatment of naive mice enhanced Lgr5+ ISC numbers and organoid growth independent of both IL-22 and type I IFN and modulated proliferative and apoptosis gene sets in Lgr5+ ISCs. PEG-rIL-29 treatment improved survival, reduced GVHD severity, and enhanced epithelial proliferation and ISC-derived organoid growth after BMT. The preservation of ISC numbers in response to PEG-rIL-29 after BMT occurred both in the presence and absence of IFN-λ-signaling in recipient natural killer cells. IFN-λ is therefore an attractive and rapidly testable approach to prevent ISC loss and immunopathology during GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S Henden
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Motoko Koyama
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Renee J Robb
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Adriana Forero
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Rachel D Kuns
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Karshing Chang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kathleen S Ensbey
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Antiopi Varelias
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stephen H Kazakoff
- Genetics and Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicole Waddell
- Genetics and Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Rabina Giri
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland-Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jakob Begun
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland-Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Mariapia A Degli-Esposti
- Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Sergei V Kotenko
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, New Jersey Medical School, and
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences (RBHS), Newark, NJ
| | - Steven W Lane
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kate L Bowerman
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; and
| | - Ram Savan
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Philip Hugenholtz
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; and
| | - Kate H Gartlan
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Division of Medical Oncology, The University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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17
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Xin JF, Sun YG, Xia S, Chang K, Zhu Y, Liu X, An R, Su WC, Shen WB. [Clinical features of primary isolated chylopericardium: a retrospective review study]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 59:507-512. [PMID: 34102736 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20200724-00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the clinical characteristics and abnormal reflux branches of primary isolated chylopericardium. Methods: Totally 43 patients with primary isolated chylopericardium at Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital,Capital Medical University from June 2007 to January 2018 were recruited in this study. There were 21 males and 22 females, aging (23.0±15.9) years (range: 2 to 57 years). The levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, total protein and albumin in pericardial effusion and blood were compared by paired-t test, and the characteristics of lymphatic system in direct lymphangiography and postoperative CT were analyzed. Results: Pericardial effusion was mainly milky white and monocytes, and 95.3%(41/43) were positive for Rivalta test. The level of triglyceride in pericardial effusion was significantly higher than that of blood ((9.67±5.11) mmol/L vs. (1.28±0.89) mmol/L, t=10.557, P<0.01), and the levels of total cholesterol ((2.19±0.52) mmol/L vs. (4.12±1.06) mmol/L, t=-3.732, P<0.01), total protein ((61.25±16.17) g/L vs. (68.26±8.30) g/L, t=-2.958, P=0.005) and albumin ((36.63±7.06) g/L vs. (42.32±4.73) g/L, t=-5.747, P<0.01) were significantly lower than that of blood. In the direct lymphangiography, the imaging of iliac and retroperitoneal lymphatics showed dilated or tortuous in 90.7% (39/43), the thoracoabdominal segment of thoracic duct showed dilation in 46.5% (20/43), and cervical thoracic duct imaging showed dilation in 44.2% (19/43) and stenosis in 55.8% (24/43). The image of lipiodol flowing into the vein showed obstruction at the venous angle. There were 60.5%(26/43) of the patients with lipiodol reflux through the bronchomediastinal trunk (type Ⅰ), 11.6%(5/43) with lipiodol diffusion to the pericardium through the abnormal pathway from the thoracic segment of the thoracic duct (type Ⅱ), while no communication pathway between the thoracic duct and the pericardial cavity (type Ⅲ) found in 27.9%(12/43). CT images obtained after the direct lymphangiography showed 34.9%(15/43) had abnormal distribution of lipiodol in pericardium, mediastinal lymph nodes and lung hilar lymph nodes, 46.5%(20/43) in mediastinal lymph nodes and lung hilar lymph nodes, 14.0%(6/43) only mediastinal lymph nodes, 4.6%(2/43) had no lipiodol in the above areas. Conclusions: Pericardial effusion compared with same period blood, has higher triglyceride, lower total cholesterol, total protein and albumin. The obstruction of the cervical segment of the thoracic duct and the formation of abnormal reflux branches would be corelative to primary isolated chylopericardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Xin
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Y G Sun
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - S Xia
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - K Chang
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - R An
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - W C Su
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - W B Shen
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
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18
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Lu Y, Hong C, Chang K, Lee C. 618 Glucose transporter 1 enhances glycolysis, oxidative stress, and fibroblast proliferation in keloid. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Henden AS, Robb R, Forero A, Kuns RD, Ensbey KS, Chang K, Varelias A, Kazakoff SH, Waddell N, Clouston AD, Giri R, Begun J, Blazar BR, Degli-Esposti MA, Kotenko SV, Lane SW, Bowerman KL, Savan R, Hugenholtz P, Gartlan KH, Hill G. Interferon Lambda Protects Gastrointestinal Stem Cells from Acute Gvhd. Transplant Cell Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-6367(21)00107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Li MD, Lang M, Deng F, Chang K, Buch K, Rincon S, Mehan WA, Leslie-Mazwi TM, Kalpathy-Cramer J. Analysis of Stroke Detection during the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Natural Language Processing of Radiology Reports. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 42:429-434. [PMID: 33334851 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to decreases in neuroimaging volume. Our aim was to quantify the change in acute or subacute ischemic strokes detected on CT or MR imaging during the pandemic using natural language processing of radiology reports. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 32,555 radiology reports from brain CTs and MRIs from a comprehensive stroke center, performed from March 1 to April 30 each year from 2017 to 2020, involving 20,414 unique patients. To detect acute or subacute ischemic stroke in free-text reports, we trained a random forest natural language processing classifier using 1987 randomly sampled radiology reports with manual annotation. Natural language processing classifier generalizability was evaluated using 1974 imaging reports from an external dataset. RESULTS The natural language processing classifier achieved a 5-fold cross-validation classification accuracy of 0.97 and an F1 score of 0.74, with a slight underestimation (-5%) of actual numbers of acute or subacute ischemic strokes in cross-validation. Importantly, cross-validation performance stratified by year was similar. Applying the classifier to the complete study cohort, we found an estimated 24% decrease in patients with acute or subacute ischemic strokes reported on CT or MR imaging from March to April 2020 compared with the average from those months in 2017-2019. Among patients with stroke-related order indications, the estimated proportion who underwent neuroimaging with acute or subacute ischemic stroke detection significantly increased from 16% during 2017-2019 to 21% in 2020 (P = .01). The natural language processing classifier performed worse on external data. CONCLUSIONS Acute or subacute ischemic stroke cases detected by neuroimaging decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, though a higher proportion of studies ordered for stroke were positive for acute or subacute ischemic strokes. Natural language processing approaches can help automatically track acute or subacute ischemic stroke numbers for epidemiologic studies, though local classifier training is important due to radiologist reporting style differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Li
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.D.L., M.L., F.D., K.C., K.B., S.R., W.A.M., J.K.-C.)
| | - M Lang
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.D.L., M.L., F.D., K.C., K.B., S.R., W.A.M., J.K.-C.)
| | - F Deng
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.D.L., M.L., F.D., K.C., K.B., S.R., W.A.M., J.K.-C.)
| | - K Chang
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.D.L., M.L., F.D., K.C., K.B., S.R., W.A.M., J.K.-C.)
| | - K Buch
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.D.L., M.L., F.D., K.C., K.B., S.R., W.A.M., J.K.-C.)
| | - S Rincon
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.D.L., M.L., F.D., K.C., K.B., S.R., W.A.M., J.K.-C.)
| | - W A Mehan
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.D.L., M.L., F.D., K.C., K.B., S.R., W.A.M., J.K.-C.)
| | - T M Leslie-Mazwi
- Neurology and Neurosurgery (T.M.L.-M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - J Kalpathy-Cramer
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.D.L., M.L., F.D., K.C., K.B., S.R., W.A.M., J.K.-C.)
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21
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Kudsi OY, Chang K, Bou-Ayash N. Robotic approach to delayed anastomotic leakage after ileocaecectomy for a neuroendocrine tumour - a video vignette. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:1470. [PMID: 32372480 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O Y Kudsi
- Good Samaritan Medical Center, Brockton, Massachusetts, USA.,Tufts University School of Medicine, Brockton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K Chang
- Good Samaritan Medical Center, Brockton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - N Bou-Ayash
- Good Samaritan Medical Center, Brockton, Massachusetts, USA
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22
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Parnham J, Millett C, Chang K, von Hinke S, Pearson-Stuttard J, Vamos EP. The Healthy Start scheme and its association with food expenditure in low-income families in the UK. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The Healthy Start programme is a statutory benefit-in-kind in the United Kingdom (UK) which aims to enable low-income families to purchase fruit, vegetables, cow's milk and infant formula through the provision of vouchers. The scheme was introduced in 2006, however, the effect on food purchasing in participating households has not been evaluated within an eligible population. This study aimed to determine whether participation in the Healthy Start (HS) scheme is associated with differences in food purchasing in a representative sample of households in the United Kingdom.
Methods
Cross-sectional analysis of the Living Costs and Food Survey dataset (2010-2017). All households with a child (0-3 years) or pregnant woman were included in the analysis (n = 4,869). Multivariable quantile regression was used to compare the expenditure and quantity of fruit and vegetable, infant formula and total food purchases between Healthy Start participating, eligible non-participating, nearly-eligible and ineligible households.
Results
54% (n = 475) of eligible households participated in Healthy Start. After accounting for covariates, no significant difference was found in the quantity or expenditure of fruit and vegetable purchases between Healthy Start participating and non-participating households. Fruit and vegetable expenditure (£/week) was found to be higher in nearly eligible (β1.60; 95% CI 0.79, 2.41) and ineligible households (β2.56; 95% CI 1.77, 3.35) compared to Healthy Start eligible households.
Conclusions
The present study did not demonstrate significant differences in the fruit and vegetable expenditure of HS participating and non-participating households. The analysis demonstrates that inequalities in fruit and vegetable purchasing persists in the UK. Improved participation and increased voucher value may be needed to promote well-being and counteract the harmful effect of poverty on fruit and vegetables purchasing.
Key messages
The study found no evidence of different food purchases between Healthy Start participating and non-participating households. Increased voucher value may be needed to counteract food-price inflation. The paper reflected persistent socioeconomic inequalities in the UK, indicating the Healthy Start scheme does not sufficiently counteract the harmful effects of poverty on food purchasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Parnham
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - C Millett
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - K Chang
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S von Hinke
- Department of Economics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Institute for Fiscal Studies, London, UK
| | - J Pearson-Stuttard
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - E P Vamos
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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23
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Kudsi OY, Chang K, Bou‐Ayash N. Robotic low anterior resection for a distal sigmoid colon cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic- a video vignette. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:1031. [PMID: 32790219 PMCID: PMC7436878 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Y. Kudsi
- Good Samaritan Medical CenterBrocktonMassachusettsUSA,Tufts University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - K. Chang
- Good Samaritan Medical CenterBrocktonMassachusettsUSA
| | - N. Bou‐Ayash
- Good Samaritan Medical CenterBrocktonMassachusettsUSA
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24
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Zhou H, Hu R, Tang O, Hu C, Tang L, Chang K, Shen Q, Wu J, Zou B, Xiao B, Boxerman J, Chen W, Huang RY, Yang L, Bai HX, Zhu C. Automatic Machine Learning to Differentiate Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumors on Routine MR Imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1279-1285. [PMID: 32661052 PMCID: PMC7357647 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Differentiating the types of pediatric posterior fossa tumors on routine imaging may help in preoperative evaluation and guide surgical resection planning. However, qualitative radiologic MR imaging review has limited performance. This study aimed to compare different machine learning approaches to classify pediatric posterior fossa tumors on routine MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included preoperative MR imaging of 288 patients with pediatric posterior fossa tumors, including medulloblastoma (n = 111), ependymoma (n = 70), and pilocytic astrocytoma (n = 107). Radiomics features were extracted from T2-weighted images, contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images, and ADC maps. Models generated by standard manual optimization by a machine learning expert were compared with automatic machine learning via the Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool for performance evaluation. RESULTS For 3-way classification, the radiomics model by automatic machine learning with the Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool achieved a test micro-averaged area under the curve of 0.91 with an accuracy of 0.83, while the most optimized model based on the feature-selection method χ2 score and the Generalized Linear Model classifier achieved a test micro-averaged area under the curve of 0.92 with an accuracy of 0.74. Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool models achieved significantly higher accuracy than average qualitative expert MR imaging review (0.83 versus 0.54, P < .001). For binary classification, Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool models achieved an area under the curve of 0.94 with an accuracy of 0.85 for medulloblastoma versus nonmedulloblastoma, an area under the curve of 0.84 with an accuracy of 0.80 for ependymoma versus nonependymoma, and an area under the curve of 0.94 with an accuracy of 0.88 for pilocytic astrocytoma versus non-pilocytic astrocytoma. CONCLUSIONS Automatic machine learning based on routine MR imaging classified pediatric posterior fossa tumors with high accuracy compared with manual expert pipeline optimization and qualitative expert MR imaging review.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhou
- Department of Neurology (H.Z., L.T., B.X.), Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - R Hu
- From the School of Computer Science and Engineering (R.H., B.Z., C.Z.)
| | - O Tang
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University (O.T.), Providence, Rhode Island
| | - C Hu
- Department of Neurology (C.H.), Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - L Tang
- Department of Neurology (H.Z., L.T., B.X.), Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - K Chang
- Department of Radiology (K.C.), Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Q Shen
- Radiology (Q.S., J.W.), Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - J Wu
- Radiology (Q.S., J.W.), Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - B Zou
- From the School of Computer Science and Engineering (R.H., B.Z., C.Z.)
| | - B Xiao
- Department of Neurology (H.Z., L.T., B.X.), Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - J Boxerman
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J.B., H.X.B.), Rhode Island Hospital
| | - W Chen
- Department of Pathology (W.C.), Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - R Y Huang
- Department of Radiology (R.Y.H.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - L Yang
- Departments of Neurology (L.Y.)
| | - H X Bai
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J.B., H.X.B.), Rhode Island Hospital
| | - C Zhu
- From the School of Computer Science and Engineering (R.H., B.Z., C.Z.)
- College of Literature and Journalism (C.Z.), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mobile Health Ministry of Education-China Mobile Joint Laboratory (C.Z.), China
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25
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Kudsi OY, Gokcal F, Bou-Ayash N, Crawford AS, Chung SK, Chang K, Litwin D. Learning curve in robotic transabdominal preperitoneal (rTAPP) ventral hernia repair: a cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis. Hernia 2020; 25:755-764. [PMID: 32495055 PMCID: PMC7268975 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-020-02228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose rTAPP-VHR is a novel technique which may be added to a surgeon’s armamentarium. We aim to evaluate the robotic transabdominal preperitoneal ventral hernia repair (rTAPP-VHR) learning curve based on operative times while accounting for peritoneal flap integrity. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of a database collected over a 7-year period. Patients with primary ventral hernias were included and a cumulative sum analysis(CUSUM) was used to create learning curves for three subsets of operative times. A risk-adjusted CUSUM (RA-CUSUM) accounted for repair quality based on peritoneal flap completeness. The flap was considered as incomplete when peritoneal gaps were unable to be closed. Results 105 patients undergoing rTAPP-VHR were included. Learning curves were created for skin-to-skin, console, and off-console times. Patients were divided into three phases. In terms of skin-to-skin times, both phase 2&3 had a mean 11 min shorter than that of phase 1 (p = 0.0498, p = 0.0245, respectively), with a steady decrease after forty-six cases. An incomplete peritoneal flap was noted in 25/36 patients in phase 1, as compared to 5/24 and 5/45 patients in phase 2&3, respectively. When risk-adjusted for peritoneal flap completeness, gradually decreasing skin-to-skin times were observed after sixty-one cases. In terms of off-console times, the mean across three phases was 14 min, with marked improvement after forty-three cases. Conclusions Forty-six cases were needed to achieve steadily decreasing operative times. We can assume that ensuring good-quality repairs, through maintenance of peritoneal flap integrity, was gradually improved after sixty-one cases. Moreover, familiarization with port placements and robotic docking was accomplished after forty-three cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Y Kudsi
- Department of Surgery, Good Samaritan Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, One Pearl Street, Brockton, MA, 02301, USA.
| | - F Gokcal
- Department of Surgery, Good Samaritan Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, One Pearl Street, Brockton, MA, 02301, USA
| | - N Bou-Ayash
- Department of Surgery, Good Samaritan Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, One Pearl Street, Brockton, MA, 02301, USA
| | - A S Crawford
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - S K Chung
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - K Chang
- Department of Surgery, Good Samaritan Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, One Pearl Street, Brockton, MA, 02301, USA
| | - D Litwin
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Cheong M, Gartlan KH, Lee JS, Tey SK, Zhang P, Kuns RD, Andoniou CE, Martins JP, Chang K, Sutton VR, Kelly G, Varelias A, Vuckovic S, Markey KA, Boyle GM, Smyth MJ, Engwerda CR, MacDonald KPA, Trapani JA, Degli-Esposti MA, Koyama M, Hill GR. ASC Modulates CTL Cytotoxicity and Transplant Outcome Independent of the Inflammasome. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 8:1085-1098. [PMID: 32444423 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The adaptor protein ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD) is known to facilitate caspase-1 activation, which is essential for innate host immunity via the formation of the inflammasome complex, a multiprotein structure responsible for processing IL1β and IL18 into their active moieties. Here, we demonstrated that ASC-deficient CD8+ T cells failed to induce severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and had impaired capacity for graft rejection and graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) activity. These effects were inflammasome independent because GVHD lethality was not altered in recipients of caspase-1/11-deficient T cells. We also demonstrated that ASC deficiency resulted in a decrease in cytolytic function, with a reduction in granzyme B secretion and CD107a expression by CD8+ T cells. Altogether, our findings highlight that ASC represents an attractive therapeutic target for improving outcomes of clinical transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody Cheong
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kate H Gartlan
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason S Lee
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Siok-Keen Tey
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ping Zhang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rachel D Kuns
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christopher E Andoniou
- Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jose Paulo Martins
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Karshing Chang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vivien R Sutton
- Cancer Cell Death Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Greg Kelly
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Antiopi Varelias
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Slavica Vuckovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kate A Markey
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Glen M Boyle
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark J Smyth
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - Joseph A Trapani
- Cancer Cell Death Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mariapia A Degli-Esposti
- Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Motoko Koyama
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. .,Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
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27
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Gartlan KH, Wilkinson A, Chang K, Kuns RD, Henden A, Minnie SA, Ensbey KS, Clouston A, Zhang P, Koyama M, Hidalgo J, Rose-John S, Varelias A, Vuckovic S, Hill GR. Diverse IL-6 signalling modalities drive pathogenic T cell differentiation and graft-versus-host-disease after allotransplantation. The Journal of Immunology 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.87.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) are characterized by systemic interleukin 6 (IL-6) dysregulation, which plays a significant role in shaping donor immune responses and T cell polarization. GVHD is a T cell-mediated disease and the severity and tissue distribution is heavily influenced by T cell-derived cytokines, therefore it is critical to understand the factors that drive T cell polarization in this context to inform therapeutic strategies. IL-6 has a unique receptor system composed of IL-6Ra and the signal transducing molecule gp130, in which signaling occurs via multiple pathways either directly (classical), indirectly via a soluble IL-6 receptor (trans), or presented via antigen presenting cells (cluster). We examined the influence of IL-6 signaling modalities on T cell polarization following allotransplantation, where we found specific targeting of these pathways modulates GVHD outcomes. Using donor grafts composed of IL-6Ra deficient T cells resulted in a profound loss of pathogenic Th17/Th22 differentiation and increased GVHD survival, demonstrating these populations are highly dependent upon classical IL-6 signaling post-transplant. Whilst targeting cluster signaling through IL-6Ra deficient DC had no effect on T cell cytokine responses, trans-signaling inhibition via soluble gp130-Fc resulted in severe skin GVHD. This effect was due to significant expansion of pathogenic donor Th22 and was prevented by donor IL-22 deficiency. These data demonstrate an important role for IL-6 trans signaling in regulating pathogenic T cell polarization pathways following allotransplantation and support IL-6 classical signaling as an important target for GVHD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Simone A Minnie
- 3Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
| | | | | | | | | | - Juan Hidalgo
- 6Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Geoffrey R Hill
- 3Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
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28
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Hwang B, Kim J, Chang K, Ahn Y, Byun S, Kim H, Bu S. Impact of Anemia on Long-Term Clinical Outcome in Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction after Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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29
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Spicer JA, Miller CK, O'Connor PD, Jose J, Giddens AC, Jaiswal JK, Jamieson SMF, Bull MR, Denny WA, Akhlaghi H, Trapani JA, Hill GR, Chang K, Gartlan KH. Inhibition of the Cytolytic Protein Perforin Prevents Rejection of Transplanted Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Vivo. J Med Chem 2020; 63:2229-2239. [PMID: 31525966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Perforin is a key effector protein in the vertebrate immune system and is secreted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells to help eliminate virus-infected and transformed target cells. The ability to modulate perforin activity in vivo could be extremely useful, especially in the context of bone marrow stem cell transplantation where early rejection of immunologically mismatched grafts is driven by the recipient's natural killer cells, which overwhelmingly use perforin to kill their targets. Bone marrow stem cell transplantation is a potentially curative treatment for both malignant and nonmalignant disorders, but when the body recognizes the graft as foreign, it is rejected by this process, often with fatal consequences. Here we report optimization of a previously identified series of benzenesulfonamide-based perforin inhibitors for their physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties, resulting in the identification of 16, the first reported small molecule able to prevent rejection of transplanted bone marrow stem cells in vivo by blocking perforin function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Spicer
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, A New Zealand Centre for Research Excellence, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Christian K Miller
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, A New Zealand Centre for Research Excellence, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Patrick D O'Connor
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, A New Zealand Centre for Research Excellence, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Jiney Jose
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, A New Zealand Centre for Research Excellence, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Anna C Giddens
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jagdish K Jaiswal
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, A New Zealand Centre for Research Excellence, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Stephen M F Jamieson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, A New Zealand Centre for Research Excellence, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Matthew R Bull
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, A New Zealand Centre for Research Excellence, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - William A Denny
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, A New Zealand Centre for Research Excellence, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Hedieh Akhlaghi
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Joseph A Trapani
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Geoff R Hill
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Karshing Chang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Kate H Gartlan
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
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Wang R, Chang K, Zhou H, Wu J, Cohan G, Jayaraman M, Huang R, Boxerman J, Yang L, Hui F, Woo J, Bai H. Abstract No. 720 Identification of irreversibly damaged brain tissue on computed tomography perfusion using convolutional neural network to assist selection for mechanical thrombectomy in ischemic stroke patients. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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31
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Daye D, Tabari A, Kim H, Chang K, Brito Orama S, Bai H, Kalva S, Gee M, Kalpathy-Cramer J, Wehrenberg-Klee E, Uppot R. 3:36 PM Abstract No. 36 Machine learning-based radiomic features on pre-ablation magnetic resonance imaging as predictors of pathologic response in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma listed for hepatic transplant. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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32
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Jakubek YA, Chang K, Sivakumar S, Yu Y, Giordano MR, Fowler J, Huff CD, Kadara H, Vilar E, Scheet P. Large-scale analysis of acquired chromosomal alterations in non-tumor samples from patients with cancer. Nat Biotechnol 2020; 38:90-96. [PMID: 31685958 PMCID: PMC8082517 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-019-0297-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mosaicism, the presence of subpopulations of cells bearing somatic mutations, is associated with disease and aging and has been detected in diverse tissues, including apparently normal cells adjacent to tumors. To analyze mosaicism on a large scale, we surveyed haplotype-specific somatic copy number alterations (sCNAs) in 1,708 normal-appearing adjacent-to-tumor (NAT) tissue samples from 27 cancer sites and in 7,149 blood samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. We find substantial variation across tissues in the rate, burden and types of sCNAs, including those spanning entire chromosome arms. We document matching sCNAs in the NAT tissue and the adjacent tumor, suggesting a shared clonal origin, as well as instances in which both NAT tissue and tumor tissue harbor a gain of the same oncogene arising in parallel from distinct parental haplotypes. These results shed light on pan-tissue mutations characteristic of field cancerization, the presence of oncogenic processes adjacent to cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y A Jakubek
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - K Chang
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S Sivakumar
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Y Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M R Giordano
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J Fowler
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C D Huff
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - H Kadara
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - E Vilar
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P Scheet
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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33
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Fry J, Alarcon R, Baeßler S, Balascuta S, Palos LB, Bailey T, Bass K, Birge N, Blose A, Borissenko D, Bowman J, Broussard L, Bryant A, Byrne J, Calarco J, Caylor J, Chang K, Chupp T, Cianciolo T, Crawford C, Ding X, Doyle M, Fan W, Farrar W, Fomin N, Frlež E, Gericke M, Gervais M, Glück F, Greene G, Grzywacz R, Gudkov V, Hamblen J, Hayes C, Hendrus C, Ito T, Jezghani A, Li H, Makela M, Macsai N, Mammei J, Mammei R, Martinez M, Matthews D, McCrea M, McGaughey P, McLaughlin C, Mueller P, Petten DV, Penttilä S, Perryman D, Picker R, Pierce J, Počanić D, Qian Y, Ramsey J, Randall G, Riley G, Rykaczewski K, Salas-Bacci A, Samiei S, Scott E, Shelton T, Sjue S, Smith A, Smith E, Stevens E, Wexler J, Whitehead R, Wilburn W, Young A, Zeck B. The Nab experiment: A precision measurement of unpolarized neutron beta decay. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921904002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutron beta decay is one of the most fundamental processes in nuclear physics and provides sensitive means to uncover the details of the weak interaction. Neutron beta decay can evaluate the ratio of axial-vector to vector coupling constants in the standard model, λ = gA/gV, through multiple decay correlations. The Nab experiment will carry out measurements of the electron-neutrino correlation parameter a with a precision of δa/a = 10−3 and the Fierz interference term b to δb = 3 × 10−3 in unpolarized free neutron beta decay. These results, along with a more precise measurement of the neutron lifetime, aim to deliver an independent determination of the ratio λ with a precision of δλ/λ = 0.03% that will allow an evaluation of Vud and sensitively test CKM unitarity, independent of nuclear models. Nab utilizes a novel, long asymmetric spectrometer that guides the decay electron and proton to two large area silicon detectors in order to precisely determine the electron energy and an estimation of the proton momentum from the proton time of flight. The Nab spectrometer is being commissioned at the Fundamental Neutron Physics Beamline at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Lab. We present an overview of the Nab experiment and recent updates on the spectrometer, analysis, and systematic effects.
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Wilkinson AN, Chang K, Kuns RD, Henden AS, Minnie SA, Ensbey KS, Clouston AD, Zhang P, Koyama M, Hidalgo J, Rose-John S, Varelias A, Vuckovic S, Gartlan KH, Hill GR. IL-6 dysregulation originates in dendritic cells and mediates graft-versus-host disease via classical signaling. Blood 2019; 134:2092-2106. [PMID: 31578204 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) is characterized by interleukin-6 (IL-6) dysregulation. IL-6 can mediate effects via various pathways, including classical, trans, and cluster signaling. Given the recent availability of agents that differentially inhibit these discrete signaling cascades, understanding the source and signaling and cellular targets of this cytokine is paramount to inform the design of clinical studies. Here we demonstrate that IL-6 secretion from recipient dendritic cells (DCs) initiates the systemic dysregulation of this cytokine. Inhibition of DC-driven classical signaling after targeted IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) deletion in T cells eliminated pathogenic donor Th17/Th22 cell differentiation and resulted in long-term survival. After engraftment, donor DCs assume the same role, maintaining classical IL-6 signaling-dependent GVHD responses. Surprisingly, cluster signaling was not active after transplantation, whereas inhibition of trans signaling with soluble gp130Fc promoted severe, chronic cutaneous GVHD. The latter was a result of exaggerated polyfunctional Th22-cell expansion that was reversed by IL-22 deletion or IL-6R inhibition. Importantly, inhibition of IL-6 classical signaling did not impair the graft-versus-leukemia effect. Together, these data highlight IL-6 classical signaling and downstream Th17/Th22 differentiation as important therapeutic targets after alloSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Wilkinson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Karshing Chang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rachel D Kuns
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrea S Henden
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Simone A Minnie
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Ping Zhang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Motoko Koyama
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Juan Hidalgo
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biosciences, and
- Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany; and
| | - Antiopi Varelias
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Slavica Vuckovic
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kate H Gartlan
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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35
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Chen KH, Tam CWC, Chang K. Early Maladaptive Schemas, Depression Severity, and Risk Factors for Persistent Depressive Disorder: a Cross-sectional Study. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2019; 29:112-117. [PMID: 31871307 DOI: 10.12809/eaap1821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate associations of the five early maladaptive schemas (EMS) domains with depression severity by comparing patients with persistent depressive disorder (PDD), patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), and controls with no psychiatric disorders. METHODS Patients with PDD (n = 30), patients with MDD (n = 24), and controls with no psychiatric disorders (n = 30) were recruited. Participants were assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0 version (MINI), the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II), and the Young Schema Questionnaire-3rd Edition Short Form (YSQ-S3). RESULTS The five EMS domains (YSQ-S3 score) significantly correlated with depression severity (BDI-II score), with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.583 to 0.788. After controlling for age, education, and sex, the two best predictors of depression severity were domains 'over-vigilance and inhibition' and 'disconnection and rejection'. For domains of disconnection and rejection, impaired autonomy and performance, and over-vigilance and inhibition, the total YSQ-S3 score was significantly higher in the PDD group than both the MDD and control groups. For the domain of impaired limits, the total YSQ-S3 score was significantly higher in both the PDD and MDD groups than the control group. CONCLUSION All five EMS domains correlated significantly with depression severity. PDD and MDD differed in psychopathology. The EMS domains of disconnection and rejection, impaired autonomy and performance, and over-vigilance and inhibition may be specific risk factors for PDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Chen
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Ten Chen Hospital (Chungli), Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - C W C Tam
- Department of Psychology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - K Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taoyuan Branch, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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36
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Tan S, Chang K, Chin S, Kadir SSA, Cheong S, Then K, Ho K, Cheng Z, Then K. Cytopeutics® umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (Cyto-MSC) for patients with grade II–IV acute graft-versus-host disease: a phase I/II clinical study – protocol overview. Cytotherapy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.03.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Smith MS, Cash B, Konda V, Trindade AJ, Gordon S, DeMeester S, Joshi V, Diehl D, Ganguly E, Mashimo H, Singh S, Jobe B, McKinley M, Wallace M, Komatsu Y, Thakkar S, Schnoll-Sussman F, Sharaiha R, Kahaleh M, Tarnasky P, Wolfsen H, Hawes R, Lipham J, Khara H, Pleskow D, Navaneethan U, Kedia P, Hasan M, Sethi A, Samarasena J, Siddiqui UD, Gress F, Rodriguez R, Lee C, Gonda T, Waxman I, Hyder S, Poneros J, Sharzehi K, Di Palma JA, Sejpal DV, Oh D, Hagen J, Rothstein R, Sawhney M, Berzin T, Malik Z, Chang K. Volumetric laser endomicroscopy and its application to Barrett's esophagus: results from a 1,000 patient registry. Dis Esophagus 2019; 32:5481776. [PMID: 31037293 PMCID: PMC6853704 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doz029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Volumetric laser endomicroscopy (VLE) uses optical coherence tomography (OCT) for real-time, microscopic cross-sectional imaging. A US-based multi-center registry was constructed to prospectively collect data on patients undergoing upper endoscopy during which a VLE scan was performed. The objective of this registry was to determine usage patterns of VLE in clinical practice and to estimate quantitative and qualitative performance metrics as they are applied to Barrett's esophagus (BE) management. All procedures utilized the NvisionVLE Imaging System (NinePoint Medical, Bedford, MA) which was used by investigators to identify the tissue types present, along with focal areas of concern. Following the VLE procedure, investigators were asked to answer six key questions regarding how VLE impacted each case. Statistical analyses including neoplasia diagnostic yield improvement using VLE was performed. One thousand patients were enrolled across 18 US trial sites from August 2014 through April 2016. In patients with previously diagnosed or suspected BE (894/1000), investigators used VLE and identified areas of concern not seen on white light endoscopy (WLE) in 59% of the procedures. VLE imaging also guided tissue acquisition and treatment in 71% and 54% of procedures, respectively. VLE as an adjunct modality improved the neoplasia diagnostic yield by 55% beyond the standard of care practice. In patients with no prior history of therapy, and without visual findings from other technologies, VLE-guided tissue acquisition increased neoplasia detection over random biopsies by 700%. Registry investigators reported that VLE improved the BE management process when used as an adjunct tissue acquisition and treatment guidance tool. The ability of VLE to image large segments of the esophagus with microscopic cross-sectional detail may provide additional benefits including higher yield biopsies and more efficient tissue acquisition. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02215291.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Smith
- Mount Sinai West & Mount Sinai St. Luke's Hospitals, New York, New York,Address correspondence to: Michael S. Smith, M.D., M.B.A., Chief of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mount Sinai West & Mount Sinai St. Luke's Hospitals, Ambulatory Care Center, Floor 13, 440 W. 114th Street, New York, NY 10025, USA.
| | - B Cash
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - V Konda
- Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - A J Trindade
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System Manhasset, New York
| | - S Gordon
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | | | - V Joshi
- University Medical Center at LSU, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - D Diehl
- Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania
| | - E Ganguly
- University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont
| | - H Mashimo
- VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - S Singh
- VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - B Jobe
- Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - M McKinley
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System Manhasset, New York,ProHEALTHcare Associates, Lake Success, New York, New York
| | | | - Y Komatsu
- Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - S Thakkar
- Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - R Sharaiha
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - M Kahaleh
- Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | | | | | - R Hawes
- Florida Hospital, Orlando, Florida
| | - J Lipham
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - H Khara
- Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania
| | - D Pleskow
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - P Kedia
- Methodist Health System, Dallas, Texas
| | - M Hasan
- Florida Hospital, Orlando, Florida
| | - A Sethi
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | - F Gress
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - R Rodriguez
- University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - C Lee
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System Manhasset, New York
| | - T Gonda
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - I Waxman
- Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - S Hyder
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - J Poneros
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - K Sharzehi
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - J A Di Palma
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - D V Sejpal
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System Manhasset, New York
| | - D Oh
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - J Hagen
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - R Rothstein
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - M Sawhney
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - T Berzin
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Z Malik
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - K Chang
- UC Irvine Medical Center, Irvine, California
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Friedstat JS, Stockley O, Chang K, Levin J, Sangji N, Sheridan R, Schulz JT, Kasis L, Ryan CM, Goverman J, Schneider JC. 310 Evaluation of Patient Reported Outcomes Before and After Burn Reconstruction. J Burn Care Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irz013.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J S Friedstat
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Boston University, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabiliation Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - O Stockley
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Boston University, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabiliation Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - K Chang
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Boston University, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabiliation Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - J Levin
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Boston University, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabiliation Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - N Sangji
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Boston University, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabiliation Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - R Sheridan
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Boston University, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabiliation Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - J T Schulz
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Boston University, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabiliation Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - L Kasis
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Boston University, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabiliation Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - C M Ryan
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Boston University, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabiliation Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - J Goverman
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Boston University, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabiliation Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - J C Schneider
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Boston University, Boston, MA; Spaulding Rehabiliation Hospital, Boston, MA
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Chang K, Willis JA, Reumers J, Taggart MW, San Lucas FA, Thirumurthi S, Kanth P, Delker DA, Hagedorn CH, Lynch PM, Ellis LM, Hawk ET, Scheet PA, Kopetz S, Arts J, Guinney J, Dienstmann R, Vilar E. Colorectal premalignancy is associated with consensus molecular subtypes 1 and 2. Ann Oncol 2018; 29:2061-2067. [PMID: 30412224 PMCID: PMC6225810 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gene expression-based profiling of colorectal cancer (CRC) can be used to identify four molecularly homogeneous consensus molecular subtype (CMS) groups with unique biologic features. However, its applicability to colorectal premalignant lesions remains unknown. Patients and methods We assembled the largest transcriptomic premalignancy dataset by integrating different public and proprietary cohorts of adenomatous and serrated polyps from sporadic (N = 311) and hereditary (N = 78) patient populations and carried out a comprehensive analysis of carcinogenesis pathways using the CMS random forest (RF) classifier. Results Overall, transcriptomic subtyping of sporadic and hereditary polyps revealed CMS2 and CMS1 subgroups as the predominant molecular subtypes in premalignancy. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that adenomatous polyps from sporadic or hereditary cases (including Lynch syndrome) displayed a CMS2-like phenotype with WNT and MYC activation, whereas hyperplastic and serrated polyps with CMS1-like phenotype harbored prominent immune activation. Rare adenomas with CMS4-like phenotype showed significant enrichment for stromal signatures along with transforming growth factor-β activation. There was a strong association of CMS1-like polyps with serrated pathology, right-sided anatomic location and BRAF mutations. Conclusions Based on our observations made in premalignancy, we propose a model of pathway activation associated with CMS classification in colorectal carcinogenesis. Specifically, while adenomatous polyps are largely CMS2, most hyperplastic and serrated polyps are CMS1 and may transition into other CMS groups during evolution into carcinomas. Our findings shed light on the transcriptional landscape of premalignant colonic polyps and may help guide the development of future biomarkers or preventive treatments for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chang
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - J A Willis
- Hematology and Oncology Fellowship Program, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - J Reumers
- Janssen Oncology Research & Development, Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
| | - M W Taggart
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - F A San Lucas
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - S Thirumurthi
- Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA; Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - P Kanth
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Utah Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - D A Delker
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Utah Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - C H Hagedorn
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
| | - P M Lynch
- Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA; Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - L M Ellis
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA; Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - E T Hawk
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - P A Scheet
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - S Kopetz
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA; Department of GI Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - J Arts
- Janssen Oncology Research & Development, Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
| | - J Guinney
- Sage Bionetworks, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - R Dienstmann
- Sage Bionetworks, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA; Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - E Vilar
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA; Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA; Department of GI Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
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Lee K, Hwang B, Chang K. Controlling risk factors at target levels affects coronary ct angiographic findings and cardiovascular events in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes. Atherosclerosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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41
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Kim T, Chang K, Kang K, Kim C, Kim E, Park H, Park E, Kim J, Lee E, Kim I, Seong E. MIR299, 145, and 494 regulate human aortic smooth muscle cell aging via direct targeting of VEZF1. Atherosclerosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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42
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Brown DJ, Hickey S, Levin J, Chang K, Sheridan R, Ryan C, Friedstat J, Schulz J, Goverman J. 532 The Use of Topical Steroids for the Treatment of Burn-Related Hypertrophic Granulation Tissue and Unstable Scar. J Burn Care Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/iry006.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D J Brown
- Sumner M. Redstone Burn Center - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - S Hickey
- Sumner M. Redstone Burn Center - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - J Levin
- Sumner M. Redstone Burn Center - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - K Chang
- Sumner M. Redstone Burn Center - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - R Sheridan
- Sumner M. Redstone Burn Center - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - C Ryan
- Sumner M. Redstone Burn Center - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - J Friedstat
- Sumner M. Redstone Burn Center - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - J Schulz
- Sumner M. Redstone Burn Center - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - J Goverman
- Sumner M. Redstone Burn Center - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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Gartlan KH, Bommiasamy H, Paz K, Wilkinson AN, Owen M, Reichenbach DK, Banovic T, Wehner K, Buchanan F, Varelias A, Kuns RD, Chang K, Fedoriw Y, Shea T, Coghill J, Zaiken M, Plank MW, Foster PS, Clouston AD, Blazar BR, Serody JS, Hill GR. A critical role for donor-derived IL-22 in cutaneous chronic GVHD. Am J Transplant 2018; 18:810-820. [PMID: 28941323 PMCID: PMC5866168 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is the major cause of nonrelapse morbidity and mortality after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). Prevention and treatment of GVHD remain inadequate and commonly lead to end-organ dysfunction and opportunistic infection. The role of interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-22 in GVHD remains uncertain, due to an apparent lack of lineage fidelity and variable and contextually determined protective and pathogenic effects. We demonstrate that donor T cell-derived IL-22 significantly exacerbates cutaneous chronic GVHD and that IL-22 is produced by highly inflammatory donor CD4+ T cells posttransplantation. IL-22 and IL-17A derive from both independent and overlapping lineages, defined as T helper (Th)22 and IL-22+ Th17 cells. Donor Th22 and IL-22+ Th17 cells share a similar IL-6-dependent developmental pathway, and while Th22 cells arise independently of the IL-22+ Th17 lineage, IL-17 signaling to donor Th22 directly promotes their development in allo-SCT. Importantly, while both IL-22 and IL-17 mediate skin GVHD, Th17-induced chronic GVHD can be attenuated by IL-22 inhibition in preclinical systems. In the clinic, high levels of both IL-17A and IL-22 expression are present in the skin of patients with GVHD after allo-SCT. Together, these data demonstrate a key role for donor-derived IL-22 in patients with chronic skin GVHD and confirm parallel but symbiotic developmental pathways of Th22 and Th17 differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate H Gartlan
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hemamalini Bommiasamy
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katelyn Paz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Andrew N Wilkinson
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mary Owen
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dawn K Reichenbach
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Tatjana Banovic
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- The Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kimberly Wehner
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Faith Buchanan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Antiopi Varelias
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rachel D Kuns
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Karshing Chang
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yuri Fedoriw
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thomas Shea
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James Coghill
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael Zaiken
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Maximilian W Plank
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul S Foster
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Bruce R Blazar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jonathan S Serody
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Pearson FE, Chang K, Minoda Y, Rojas IML, Haigh OL, Daraj G, Tullett KM, Radford KJ. Activation of human CD141 + and CD1c + dendritic cells in vivo with combined TLR3 and TLR7/8 ligation. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 96:390-400. [PMID: 29344995 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mice reconstituted with human hematopoietic stem cells are valuable models to study aspects of the human immune system in vivo. We describe a humanized mouse model (hu mice) in which fully functional human CD141+ and CD1c+ myeloid and CD123+ plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DC) develop from human cord blood CD34+ cells in immunodeficient mice. CD141+ DC are the human equivalents of murine CD8+ /CD103+ DC which are essential for the induction of tumor-inhibitory cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses, making them attractive targets to exploit for the development of new cancer immunotherapies. We used CD34+ -engrafted NSG-A2 mice to investigate activation of DC subsets by synthetic dsRNA or ssRNA analogs polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid/poly I:C and Resiquimod/R848, agonists for TLR3 and TLR8, respectively, both of which are expressed by CD141+ DC. Injection of hu mice with these agonists resulted in upregulation of costimulatory molecules CD80, CD83 and CD86 by CD141+ and CD1c+ DC alike, and their combination further enhanced expression of these molecules by both subsets. When combined, poly I:C and R848 enhanced serum levels of key cytokines associated with cross-presentation and the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses including IFN-α, IFN-β, IL-12 and CXCL10. These data advocate a combination of poly I:C and R848 TLR agonists as means of activating human DC for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances E Pearson
- Cancer Immunotherapies Laboratory, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Karshing Chang
- Cancer Immunotherapies Laboratory, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yoshihito Minoda
- Cancer Immunotherapies Laboratory, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ingrid M Leal Rojas
- Cancer Immunotherapies Laboratory, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Oscar L Haigh
- Cancer Immunotherapies Laboratory, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ghazal Daraj
- Cancer Immunotherapies Laboratory, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kirsteen M Tullett
- Cancer Immunotherapies Laboratory, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kristen J Radford
- Cancer Immunotherapies Laboratory, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Zopes J, Sasaki K, Cujia KS, Boss JM, Chang K, Segawa TF, Itoh KM, Degen CL. High-Resolution Quantum Sensing with Shaped Control Pulses. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:260501. [PMID: 29328731 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.260501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the application of amplitude-shaped control pulses for enhancing the time and frequency resolution of multipulse quantum sensing sequences. Using the electronic spin of a single nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond and up to 10 000 coherent microwave pulses with a cosine square envelope, we demonstrate 0.6-ps timing resolution for the interpulse delay. This represents a refinement by over 3 orders of magnitude compared to the 2-ns hardware sampling. We apply the method for the detection of external ac magnetic fields and nuclear magnetic resonance signals of ^{13}C spins with high spectral resolution. Our method is simple to implement and especially useful for quantum applications that require fast phase gates, many control pulses, and high fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zopes
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Otto Stern Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Sasaki
- School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - K S Cujia
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Otto Stern Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J M Boss
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Otto Stern Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Chang
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Otto Stern Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T F Segawa
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Otto Stern Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K M Itoh
- School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - C L Degen
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Otto Stern Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Chang K, Lee JT, Vamos E, Palladino R, Soljak M, Majeed A, Millett C. Socio-demographic inequalities in the effectiveness of England’s NHS Health Check. Eur J Public Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx187.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Chang
- Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - JT Lee
- Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - E Vamos
- Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - M Soljak
- Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A Majeed
- Imperial College London, London, UK
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Chang K, Xia S, Sun YG, Xin JF, Shen WB. [Liposuction combined with lymphatico-venous anastomosis for treatment of secondary lymphedema of the lower limbs: a report of 49 cases]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 55:274-278. [PMID: 28355765 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the clinical effects of liposuction combined with lymphatico-venous anastomosis for treatment of secondary lymphedema of the lower limbs. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for 49 patients who had undergone liposuction combined with lymphatico-venous anastomosis to treat secondary lymphedema of the lower limbs at Department of Lymph Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital from November 2013 to February 2015.All patients were female aging from 31 to 70 years with median age of (52±10)years.All patients had history of pelvic surgery.There were 32 cases with cervical carcinoma, 11 cases with endometrial cancer, 1 case with ovarian cancer who accepted radical hysterectomy, 2 cases with benign tumor who accepted resection, 2 cases accepted inguinal lymph node dissection, 1 case with rectal cancer accepted radical resection.There were 30 cases with history of radiation therapy and 23 cases with history of erysipelas recurrent((2.1±3.9)/year). The limb swelling degree in preoperative and postoperative patients was explored using one-way analysis of variance with replicate measures and paired sample t-test. Meanwhile the incidence of lymphogenous infection was used as an evaluation of operation efficacy. Results: The mean lower limb circumference difference at 7 days, 6 months and 12 months was (0.17±1.36)cm, (1.25±1.62)cm and(1.58±1.56)cm, respectively, which was significantly decreased compared with preoperative((4.92±2.16)cm) (t=-5.712, -5.777, -5.765; all P<0.01). The mean lower limb volume difference at 7 days, 6 months and 12 months was (522±799)ml, (726±973)ml and (889±895)ml, respectively, which was significantly decreased compared with preoperative((2 729±1 335) ml)(t=-5.905, -6.093, -5.777; all P<0.01). The incidence of erysipelas was 0.0(0.0, 0.0)/6 months within 6 months after operation and 0.0(0.0, 0.0)/6 months within 6-12 months after operation, which was significantly lower than that before operation(0.0(0.0, 2.0)/year). The feeling of tightness and heaviness of the limb was significantly improved compared with preoperative. Conclusion: Liposuction combined with lymphatico-venous anastomosis is an effective method for the treatment of secondary lymphedema of the lower limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chang
- Department of Lymph Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing 100038, China
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Kim J, Lee W, Jang J, Lim E, Koh Y, Park H, Kim P, Hwang B, Kim C, Seung K, Chang K. P3652Effect of euthyroid sick syndrome on long-term clinical outcome in patients with preserved left ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p3652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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49
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Williams J, Zhou F, Sun T, Tao Z, Chang K, Makino K, Berz M, Duxbury PM, Ruan CY. Active control of bright electron beams with RF optics for femtosecond microscopy. Struct Dyn 2017; 4:044035. [PMID: 28868325 PMCID: PMC5565489 DOI: 10.1063/1.4999456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A frontier challenge in implementing femtosecond electron microscopy is to gain precise optical control of intense beams to mitigate collective space charge effects for significantly improving the throughput. Here, we explore the flexible uses of an RF cavity as a longitudinal lens in a high-intensity beam column for condensing the electron beams both temporally and spectrally, relevant to the design of ultrafast electron microscopy. Through the introduction of a novel atomic grating approach for characterization of electron bunch phase space and control optics, we elucidate the principles for predicting and controlling the phase space dynamics to reach optimal compressions at various electron densities and generating conditions. We provide strategies to identify high-brightness modes, achieving ∼100 fs and ∼1 eV resolutions with 106 electrons per bunch, and establish the scaling of performance for different bunch charges. These results benchmark the sensitivity and resolution from the fundamental beam brightness perspective and also validate the adaptive optics concept to enable delicate control of the density-dependent phase space structures to optimize the performance, including delivering ultrashort, monochromatic, high-dose, or coherent electron bunches.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Williams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - F Zhou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - T Sun
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Z Tao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - K Chang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - K Makino
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - M Berz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - P M Duxbury
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C-Y Ruan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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50
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Lee Y, Kim JY, Choi Y, Kim YR, Kim SH, Koh YS, Kim JH, Jang SW, Lee MY, Rho TH, Chang K, Oh YS. P1798Predictors of recovery of atrioventricular conduction disorders after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Europace 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/eux161.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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