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Sarathy JP, Xie M, Jones RM, Chang A, Osiecki P, Weiner D, Tsao WS, Dougher M, Blanc L, Fotouhi N, Via LE, Barry CE, De Vlaminck I, Sherman DR, Dartois VA. A Novel Tool to Identify Bactericidal Compounds against Vulnerable Targets in Drug-Tolerant M. tuberculosis found in Caseum. mBio 2023; 14:e0059823. [PMID: 37017524 PMCID: PMC10127596 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00598-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Caseous necrosis is a hallmark of tuberculosis (TB) pathology and creates a niche for drug-tolerant persisters within the host. Cavitary TB and high bacterial burden in caseum require longer treatment duration. An in vitro model that recapitulates the major features of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in caseum would accelerate the identification of compounds with treatment-shortening potential. We have developed a caseum surrogate model consisting of lysed and denatured foamy macrophages. Upon inoculation of Mtb from replicating cultures, the pathogen adapts to the lipid-rich matrix and gradually adopts a nonreplicating state. We determined that the lipid composition of ex vivo caseum and the surrogate matrix are similar. We also observed that Mtb in caseum surrogate accumulates intracellular lipophilic inclusions (ILI), a distinctive characteristic of quiescent and drug-tolerant Mtb. Expression profiling of a representative gene subset revealed common signatures between the models. Comparison of Mtb drug susceptibility in caseum and caseum surrogate revealed that both populations are similarly tolerant to a panel of TB drugs. By screening drug candidates in the surrogate model, we determined that the bedaquiline analogs TBAJ876 and TBAJ587, currently in clinical development, exhibit superior bactericidal against caseum-resident Mtb, both alone and as substitutions for bedaquiline in the bedaquiline-pretomanid-linezolid regimen approved for the treatment of multidrug-resistant TB. In summary, we have developed a physiologically relevant nonreplicating persistence model that reflects the distinct metabolic and drug-tolerant state of Mtb in caseum. IMPORTANCE M. tuberculosis (Mtb) within the caseous core of necrotic granulomas and cavities is extremely drug tolerant and presents a significant hurdle to treatment success and relapse prevention. Many in vitro models of nonreplicating persistence have been developed to characterize the physiologic and metabolic adaptations of Mtb and identify compounds active against this treatment-recalcitrant population. However, there is little consensus on their relevance to in vivo infection. Using lipid-laden macrophage lysates, we have designed and validated a surrogate matrix that closely mimics caseum and in which Mtb develops a phenotype similar to that of nonreplicating bacilli in vivo. The assay is well suited to screen for bactericidal compounds against caseum-resident Mtb in a medium-throughput format, allowing for reduced reliance on resource intensive animal models that present large necrotic lesions and cavities. Importantly, this approach will aid the identification of vulnerable targets in caseum Mtb and can accelerate the development of novel TB drugs with treatment-shortening potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jansy P Sarathy
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Min Xie
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Richard M Jones
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Adrienne Chang
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Paulina Osiecki
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Danielle Weiner
- Tuberculosis Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Tuberculosis Imaging Program, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wen-Shan Tsao
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Maureen Dougher
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Landry Blanc
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | - Nader Fotouhi
- Global Alliance for TB Drug Development, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laura E Via
- Tuberculosis Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Tuberculosis Imaging Program, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Clifton E Barry
- Tuberculosis Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Iwijn De Vlaminck
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - David R Sherman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Véronique A Dartois
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
- Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
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Abstract
Multimodal imaging is a powerful strategy for combining information from multiple images. It involves several fields in the acquisition, processing and interpretation of images. As multimodal imaging is a vast subject area with various combinations of imaging techniques, it has been extensively reviewed. Here we focus on Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MALDI-MSI) coupling other imaging modalities in multimodal approaches. While MALDI-MS images convey a substantial amount of chemical information, they are not readily informative about the morphological nature of the tissue. By providing a supplementary modality, MALDI-MS images can be more informative and better reflect the nature of the tissue. In this mini review, we emphasize the analytical and computational strategies to address multimodal MALDI-MSI.
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Blanc L, Ferraro GB, Tuck M, Prideaux B, Dartois V, Jain RK, Desbenoit N. Kendrick Mass Defect Variation to Decipher Isotopic Labeling in Brain Metastases Studied by Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16314-16319. [PMID: 34860501 PMCID: PMC9841243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Besides many other applications, isotopic labeling is commonly used to decipher the metabolism of living biological systems. By giving a stable isotopically labeled compound as a substrate, the biological system will use this labeled nutrient as it would with a regular substrate and incorporate stable heavy atoms into new metabolites. Utilizing mass spectrometry, by comparing heavy atom enriched isotopic profiles and naturally occurring ones, it is possible to identify these metabolites and deduce valuable information about metabolism and biochemical pathways. The coupling of this approach with mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) allows one then to obtain 2D maps of metabolisms used by living specimens. As metabolic networks are convoluted, a global overview of the isotopically labeled data set to detect unexpected metabolites is crucial. Unfortunately, due to the complexity of MSI spectra, such untargeted processing approaches are difficult to decipher. In this technical note, we demonstrate the potential of a variation around the Kendrick analysis concept to detect the incorporation of stable heavy atoms into metabolites. The Kendrick analysis uses as a base unit the difference between the mass of the most abundant isotope and the mass of the corresponding stable isotopic tracer (namely, 12C and 13C). The resulting Kendrick plot offers an alternative method to process the MSI data set with a new perspective allowing for the rapid detection of the 13C-enriched metabolites and separating unrelated compounds. This processing method of MS data could therefore be a useful tool to decipher isotopic labeling and study metabolic networks, especially as it does not require advanced computational capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landry Blanc
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CBMN, UMR 5248, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Gino B. Ferraro
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Michael Tuck
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CBMN, UMR 5248, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Brendan Prideaux
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Véronique Dartois
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey 07601, United States
| | - Rakesh K. Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
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Ferraro G, Ali A, Luengo A, Deik A, Abbott K, Bezwada D, Blanc L, Prideaux B, Jin X, Posada J, Amoozgar Z, Ferreira R, Chen I, Naxerova K, Ng C, Westermark A, Davidson S, Fukumura D, Dartois V, Clish C, Heiden MV, Jain R. TAMI-05. FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS IS REQUIRED FOR HER2+ BREAST CANCER BRAIN METASTASIS. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab196.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Brain metastases are refractory to therapies that control systemic disease in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer and the brain microenvironment contributes to this therapy resistance. Nutrient availability can vary across tissues, therefore metabolic adaptations required for brain metastatic breast cancer growth may introduce liabilities that can be exploited for therapy. Here we assessed how metabolism differs between breast tumors in brain versus extracranial sites and found that fatty acid synthesis is elevated in breast tumors growing in the brain. We determine that this phenotype is an adaptation to decreased lipid availability in the brain relative to other tissues, resulting in site-specific dependency on fatty acid synthesis for breast tumors growing at this site. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid synthase reduces human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast tumor growth in the brain, demonstrating that differences in nutrient availability across metastatic sites can result in targetable metabolic dependencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xin Jin
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ivy Chen
- Harvard Medical School / MIT, Boston, USA
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Ferraro GB, Ali A, Luengo A, Kodack DP, Deik A, Abbott KL, Bezwada D, Blanc L, Prideaux B, Jin X, Posada JM, Chen J, Chin CR, Amoozgar Z, Ferreira R, Chen IX, Naxerova K, Ng C, Westermark AM, Duquette M, Roberge S, Lindeman NI, Lyssiotis CA, Nielsen J, Housman DE, Duda DG, Brachtel E, Golub TR, Cantley LC, Asara JM, Davidson SM, Fukumura D, Dartois VA, Clish CB, Jain RK, Vander Heiden MG. Author Correction: Fatty acid synthesis is required for breast cancer brain metastasis. Nat Cancer 2021; 2:1243. [PMID: 35122065 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-021-00283-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gino B Ferraro
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alba Luengo
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David P Kodack
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Amy Deik
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Keene L Abbott
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Divya Bezwada
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Landry Blanc
- The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
- Institut de Chimie & Biologie des Membranes & des Nano-objets, CNRS UMR 5248, Bordeaux, France
| | - Brendan Prideaux
- The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Xin Jin
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jessica M Posada
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiang Chen
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher R Chin
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zohreh Amoozgar
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raphael Ferreira
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ivy X Chen
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kamila Naxerova
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher Ng
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anna M Westermark
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mark Duquette
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvie Roberge
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neal I Lindeman
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David E Housman
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dan G Duda
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elena Brachtel
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Todd R Golub
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - John M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shawn M Davidson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Lewis Sigler Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Dai Fukumura
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Véronique A Dartois
- The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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6
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Sighinolfi G, Clark S, Blanc L, Cota D, Rhourri-Frih B. Mass spectrometry imaging of mice brain lipid profile changes over time under high fat diet. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19664. [PMID: 34608169 PMCID: PMC8490458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97201-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity have been shown to significantly affect brain structures and size. Obesity has been associated with cerebral atrophy, alteration of brain functions, including cognitive impairement, and psychiatric diseases such as depression. Given the importance of lipids in the structure of the brain, here, by using 47 mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) with 60% calories from fat (40% saturated fatty acids) and 20% calories from carbohydrates and age-matched control animals on a normal chow diet, we examined the effects of HFD and diet-induced obesity on the brain lipidome. Using a targeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis and a non-targeted mass spectrometry MALDI imaging approach, we show that the relative concentration of most lipids, in particular brain phospholipids, is modified by diet-induced obesity (+ 40%of body weight). Use of a non-targeted MALDI-MS imaging approach further allowed define cerebral regions of interest (ROI) involved in eating behavior and changes in their lipid profile. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the obese/chow lipidome revealed persistence of some of the changes in the brain lipidome of obese animals even after their switch to chow feeding and associated weight loss. Altogether, these data reveal that HFD feeding rapidly modifies the murine brain lipidome. Some of these HFD-induced changes persist even after weight loss, implying that some brain sequelae caused by diet-induced obesity are irreversible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samantha Clark
- Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Neurocentre Magendie, INSERM, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Neurocentre Magendie, University of Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Daniela Cota
- Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Neurocentre Magendie, INSERM, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Neurocentre Magendie, University of Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
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La Fay C, Le Moine P, Blanc L, Abouchahla W, Hoang NP, Vial-Cholley E, Cojean N, Suc A, Aries E, Ovaert C, Revon-Rivière G. Pediatric Cardiology Teams interact with Pediatric Palliative Care (PPC) Teams for children's and family's best interest: Results from a multicentric study in France. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2021.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ferraro GB, Ali A, Luengo A, Kodack DP, Deik A, Abbott KL, Bezwada D, Blanc L, Prideaux B, Jin X, Possada JM, Chen J, Chin CR, Amoozgar Z, Ferreira R, Chen I, Naxerova K, Ng C, Westermark AM, Duquette M, Roberge S, Lyssiotis CA, Duda DG, Golub TR, Davidson SM, Fukumura D, Dartois VA, Clish CB, Heiden MGV, Jain RK. Abstract 90: Fatty acid synthesis is required for breast cancer brain metastasis. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Brain metastases are refractory to therapies that otherwise control systemic disease in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2+) breast cancer, and the unique brain microenvironment contributes to this therapy resistance. Nutrient availability can vary across tissues, therefore metabolic adaptations required for breast cancer growth in the brain microenvironment may also introduce liabilities that can be exploited for therapy. Here, we assessed how metabolism differs between breast tumors growing in the brain versus extracranial sites and found that fatty acid synthesis is elevated in breast tumors growing in the brain. We determine that this phenotype is an adaptation to decreased lipid availability in the brain relative to other tissues, which results in a site-specific dependency on fatty acid synthesis for breast tumors growing at this site. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid synthase (FASN) reduces HER2+ breast tumor growth in the brain, demonstrating that differences in nutrient availability across metastatic sites can result in targetable metabolic dependencies.
Citation Format: Gino B. Ferraro, Ahmed Ali, Alba Luengo, David P. Kodack, Amy Deik, Keene L. Abbott, Divya Bezwada, Landry Blanc, Brendan Prideaux, Xin Jin, Jessica M. Possada, Jiang Chen, Christopher R. Chin, Zohreh Amoozgar, Raphael Ferreira, Ivy Chen, Kamila Naxerova, Christopher Ng, Anna M. Westermark, Mark Duquette, Sylvie Roberge, Costas A. Lyssiotis, Dan G. Duda, Todd R. Golub, Shawn M. Davidson, Dai Fukumura, Véronique A. Dartois, Clary B. Clish, Matthew G. Vander Heiden, Rakesh K. Jain. Fatty acid synthesis is required for breast cancer brain metastasis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gino B. Ferraro
- 1Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ahmed Ali
- 2Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Alba Luengo
- 2Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - David P. Kodack
- 1Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Amy Deik
- 3Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | - Keene L. Abbott
- 2Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Divya Bezwada
- 1Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Landry Blanc
- 4The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ
| | - Brendan Prideaux
- 4The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ
| | - Xin Jin
- 3Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Jiang Chen
- 1Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Christopher R. Chin
- 2Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Zohreh Amoozgar
- 1Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Raphael Ferreira
- 2Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Ivy Chen
- 1Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kamila Naxerova
- 1Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Christopher Ng
- 2Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Anna M. Westermark
- 2Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Mark Duquette
- 1Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sylvie Roberge
- 1Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Costas A. Lyssiotis
- 5Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Dan G. Duda
- 1Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Todd R. Golub
- 3Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | - Shawn M. Davidson
- 2Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Dai Fukumura
- 1Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Véronique A. Dartois
- 4The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ
| | - Clary B. Clish
- 3Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | - Matthew G. Vander Heiden
- 2Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Rakesh K. Jain
- 1Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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9
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Esteves P, Blanc L, Celle A, Dupin I, Maurat E, Amoedo N, Cardouat G, Ousova O, Gales L, Bellvert F, Begueret H, Thumerel M, Dupuy JW, Desbenoit N, Marthan R, Girodet PO, Rossignol R, Berger P, Trian T. Crucial role of fatty acid oxidation in asthmatic bronchial smooth muscle remodelling. Eur Respir J 2021; 58:13993003.04252-2020. [PMID: 33833033 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.04252-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchial smooth muscle (BSM) remodelling in asthma is related to an increased mitochondrial biogenesis and enhanced BSM cell proliferation in asthma. Since (i) mitochondria produce the highest levels of cellular energy and (ii) fatty acid beta-oxidation is the most powerful way to produce ATP, we hypothesized that, in asthmatic BSM cells, energetic metabolism is shifted towards the beta-oxidation of fatty acids. OBJECTIVES We aimed to characterize BSM cell metabolism in asthma both in vitro and ex vivo to identify a novel target for reducing BSM cell proliferation. METHODS Twenty-one asthmatic and 31 non-asthmatic patients were enrolled. We used metabolomic and proteomic approaches to study BSM cells. Oxidative stress, ATP synthesis, fatty acid endocytosis, metabolite production, metabolic capabilities, mitochondrial networks, cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed on BSM cells. Fatty acid content was assessed in vivo using MALDI-spectrometry imaging. RESULTS Asthmatic BSM cells were characterized by an increased rate of mitochondrial respiration with a stimulated ATP production and mitochondrial β-oxidation. Fatty acid consumption was increased in asthmatic BSM both in vitro and ex vivo. Proteome remodelling of asthmatic BSM occurred via 2 canonical mitochondrial pathways. The levels of CPT2 and LDL-receptor, which internalize fatty acids through mitochondrial and cell membranes, respectively, were both increased in asthmatic BSM cells. Blocking CPT2 or LDL-receptor drastically and specifically reduced asthmatic BSM cell proliferation. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates a metabolic switch towards mitochondrial beta-oxidation in asthmatic BSM and identifies fatty acid metabolism as a new key target to reduce BSM remodelling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Esteves
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, U1211, CIC 1401, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Landry Blanc
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, UMR5248, Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nano objects, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), Proteomics Facility, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexis Celle
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, U1211, CIC 1401, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Dupin
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, U1211, CIC 1401, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Elise Maurat
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, U1211, CIC 1401, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nivea Amoedo
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, U1211, CIC 1401, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Guillaume Cardouat
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, U1211, CIC 1401, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Olga Ousova
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, U1211, CIC 1401, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lara Gales
- CNRS 5504, INRA 792, INSA Toulouse, Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, Bio & Chemical Engineering, Université de Toulouse, MetaToul, Toulouse, France
| | - Florian Bellvert
- CNRS 5504, INRA 792, INSA Toulouse, Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, Bio & Chemical Engineering, Université de Toulouse, MetaToul, Toulouse, France
| | - Hugues Begueret
- Service d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire, Service de chirurgie thoracique, Service d'anatomopathologie, CIC 1401, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Matthieu Thumerel
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, U1211, CIC 1401, INSERM, Bordeaux, France.,Service d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire, Service de chirurgie thoracique, Service d'anatomopathologie, CIC 1401, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-William Dupuy
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, UMR5248, Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nano objects, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), Proteomics Facility, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas Desbenoit
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, UMR5248, Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nano objects, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), Proteomics Facility, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Roger Marthan
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, U1211, CIC 1401, INSERM, Bordeaux, France.,Service d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire, Service de chirurgie thoracique, Service d'anatomopathologie, CIC 1401, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Girodet
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, U1211, CIC 1401, INSERM, Bordeaux, France.,Service d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire, Service de chirurgie thoracique, Service d'anatomopathologie, CIC 1401, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Rodrigue Rossignol
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, U1211, CIC 1401, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Patrick Berger
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, U1211, CIC 1401, INSERM, Bordeaux, France.,Service d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire, Service de chirurgie thoracique, Service d'anatomopathologie, CIC 1401, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Co-last author
| | - Thomas Trian
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, MRGM, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), CIC 1401, CELLOMET, Univ-Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France .,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, U1211, CIC 1401, INSERM, Bordeaux, France.,Co-last author
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10
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Ferraro GB, Ali A, Luengo A, Kodack DP, Deik A, Abbott KL, Bezwada D, Blanc L, Prideaux B, Jin X, Posada JM, Chen J, Chin CR, Amoozgar Z, Ferreira R, Chen IX, Naxerova K, Ng C, Westermark AM, Duquette M, Roberge S, Lindeman NI, Lyssiotis CA, Nielsen J, Housman DE, Duda DG, Brachtel E, Golub TR, Cantley LC, Asara JM, Davidson SM, Fukumura D, Dartois VA, Clish CB, Jain RK, Vander Heiden MG. FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS IS REQUIRED FOR BREAST CANCER BRAIN METASTASIS. Nat Cancer 2021; 2:414-428. [PMID: 34179825 PMCID: PMC8223728 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-021-00183-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Brain metastases are refractory to therapies that control systemic disease in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2+) breast cancer, and the brain microenvironment contributes to this therapy resistance. Nutrient availability can vary across tissues, therefore metabolic adaptations required for brain metastatic breast cancer growth may introduce liabilities that can be exploited for therapy. Here, we assessed how metabolism differs between breast tumors in brain versus extracranial sites and found that fatty acid synthesis is elevated in breast tumors growing in brain. We determine that this phenotype is an adaptation to decreased lipid availability in brain relative to other tissues, resulting in a site-specific dependency on fatty acid synthesis for breast tumors growing at this site. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid synthase (FASN) reduces HER2+ breast tumor growth in the brain, demonstrating that differences in nutrient availability across metastatic sites can result in targetable metabolic dependencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gino B Ferraro
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alba Luengo
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David P Kodack
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Amy Deik
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Keene L Abbott
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Divya Bezwada
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Landry Blanc
- The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
- Institut de Chimie & Biologie des Membranes & des Nano-objets, CNRS UMR 5248, Bordeaux, France
| | - Brendan Prideaux
- The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Xin Jin
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jessica M Posada
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiang Chen
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher R Chin
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zohreh Amoozgar
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raphael Ferreira
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ivy X Chen
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kamila Naxerova
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher Ng
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anna M Westermark
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mark Duquette
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvie Roberge
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neal I Lindeman
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David E Housman
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dan G Duda
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elena Brachtel
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Todd R Golub
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - John M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shawn M Davidson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Lewis Sigler Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Dai Fukumura
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Véronique A Dartois
- The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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11
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Ferraro G, Ali A, Luengo A, Kodack D, Deik A, Abbott K, Bezwada D, Blanc L, Prideaux B, Jin X, Possada J, Chen J, Chin C, Amoozgar Z, Ferreira R, Chen I, Naxerova K, Ng C, Westermark A, Duquette M, Roberge S, Lyssiotis C, Duda D, Golub T, Cantley L, Asara J, Davidson S, Fukumura D, Dartois V, Clish C, Heiden MV, Jain R. DDRE-07. FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS IS REQUIRED FOR BREAST CANCER BRAIN METASTASIS. Neurooncol Adv 2021. [PMCID: PMC7992317 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab024.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases are refractory to therapies that otherwise control systemic disease in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2+) breast cancer, and the unique brain microenvironment contributes to this therapy resistance. Nutrient availability can vary across tissues, therefore metabolic adaptations required for breast cancer growth in the brain microenvironment may also introduce liabilities that can be exploited for therapy. Here, we assessed how metabolism differs between breast tumors growing in the brain versus extracranial sites and found that fatty acid synthesis is elevated in breast tumors growing in the brain. We determine that this phenotype is an adaptation to decreased lipid availability in the brain relative to other tissues, which results in a site-specific dependency on fatty acid synthesis for breast tumors growing at this site. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid synthase (FASN) reduces HER2+ breast tumor growth in the brain, demonstrating that differences in nutrient availability across metastatic sites can result in targetable metabolic dependencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gino Ferraro
- Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alba Luengo
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David Kodack
- Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy Deik
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Keene Abbott
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Divya Bezwada
- Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Landry Blanc
- The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Brendan Prideaux
- The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Xin Jin
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Possada
- Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiang Chen
- Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher Chin
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zohreh Amoozgar
- Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raphael Ferreira
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ivy Chen
- Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kamila Naxerova
- Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher Ng
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anna Westermark
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mark Duquette
- Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvie Roberge
- Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Costas Lyssiotis
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dan Duda
- Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Todd Golub
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lewis Cantley
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shawn Davidson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dai Fukumura
- Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Véronique Dartois
- The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Clary Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rakesh Jain
- Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Stanczak M, Fras T, Blanc L, Pawlowski P, Rusinek A. Numerical and experimental study on mechanical behaviour of the AlSi10Mg aluminium structures manufactured additively and subjected to a blast wave. EPJ Web Conf 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202125002017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The paper is related to energy absorptive properties of additively manufactured metallic cellular structures. The samples of Honeycomb, Auxetic, rhomboidal Lattice and a regular Foam are subjected to a dynamic compression due to the blast tests. The cuboidal samples are manufactured by the Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) method using AlSi10Mg aluminium powder. The experimental tests are performed by means of an Explosive Driven Shock Tube (EDST). The measured results of the transmitted forces in relation to the shortening of the samples allow to analyse the deformation processes of each selected geometry. In addition, the evaluation of the structural responses leads to identification of the structure properties, such as the equivalent stress over equivalent strain or the energy absorption per a unit of mass. Moreover, the process of compression is modelled numerically using the explicit code LS-DYNA R9.0.1. The obtained simulations provide the complete analysis of the experimentally observed mechanisms.
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13
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La Fay C, Lemoine P, Ovaert C, Aries E, Blanc L, Abouchahla W, Suc A, Phan Hoang N, Vial-Cholley E, Cojean N, Revon-Riviere G. Pediatric cardiology teams interact with pediatric palliative care (PPC) Teams for children's and family's best interest: Results from a multicentric study in France. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2020.10.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Tuck M, Blanc L, Touti R, Patterson NH, Van Nuffel S, Villette S, Taveau JC, Römpp A, Brunelle A, Lecomte S, Desbenoit N. Multimodal Imaging Based on Vibrational Spectroscopies and Mass Spectrometry Imaging Applied to Biological Tissue: A Multiscale and Multiomics Review. Anal Chem 2020; 93:445-477. [PMID: 33253546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tuck
- Institut de Chimie & Biologie des Membranes & des Nano-objets, CBMN UMR 5248, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 1 Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Landry Blanc
- Institut de Chimie & Biologie des Membranes & des Nano-objets, CBMN UMR 5248, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 1 Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Rita Touti
- Institut de Chimie & Biologie des Membranes & des Nano-objets, CBMN UMR 5248, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 1 Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Nathan Heath Patterson
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-8575, United States
| | - Sebastiaan Van Nuffel
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Sandrine Villette
- Institut de Chimie & Biologie des Membranes & des Nano-objets, CBMN UMR 5248, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 1 Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Taveau
- Institut de Chimie & Biologie des Membranes & des Nano-objets, CBMN UMR 5248, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 1 Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Andreas Römpp
- Bioanalytical Sciences and Food Analysis, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Alain Brunelle
- Laboratoire d'Archéologie Moléculaire et Structurale, LAMS UMR 8220, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Lecomte
- Institut de Chimie & Biologie des Membranes & des Nano-objets, CBMN UMR 5248, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 1 Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Nicolas Desbenoit
- Institut de Chimie & Biologie des Membranes & des Nano-objets, CBMN UMR 5248, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 1 Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
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15
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Le Moigne V, Roux AL, Jobart-Malfait A, Blanc L, Chaoui K, Burlet-Schiltz O, Gaillard JL, Canaan S, Nigou J, Herrmann JL. A TLR2-Activating Fraction From Mycobacterium abscessus Rough Variant Demonstrates Vaccine and Diagnostic Potential. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:432. [PMID: 32984067 PMCID: PMC7481331 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus is a prevalent pathogenic mycobacterium in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and one of the most highly drug resistant mycobacterial species to antimicrobial agents. It possesses the property to transition from a smooth (S) to a rough (R) morphotype, thereby influencing the host innate immune response. This transition from the S to the R morphotype takes place in patients with an exacerbation of the disease and a persistence of M. abscessus. We have previously shown that the exacerbation of the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-mediated inflammatory response, following this S to R transition, is essentially due to overproduction of bacilli cell envelope surface compounds, which we were able to extract by mechanical treatment and isolation by solvent partition in a fraction called interphase. Here, we set up a purification procedure guided by bioactivity to isolate a fraction from the R variant of M. abscessus cells which exhibits a high TLR2 stimulating activity, referred to as TLR2-enriched fraction (TLR2eF). As expected, TLR2eF was found to contain several lipoproteins and proteins known to be stimuli for TLR2. Vaccination with TLR2eF showed no protection toward an M. abscessus aerosol challenge, but provided mild protection in ΔF508 mice and their FVB littermates when intravenously challenged by M. abscessus. Interestingly however, antibodies against TLR2eF compounds were detected during disease in CF patients. In conclusion, we show the potential for compounds in TLR2eF as vaccine and diagnostic candidates, in order to enhance diagnosis, prevent and/or treat M. abscessus-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Le Moigne
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Infection et inflammation, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Anne-Laure Roux
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Infection et inflammation, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Aude Jobart-Malfait
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Infection et inflammation, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Landry Blanc
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Karima Chaoui
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Louis Gaillard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Infection et inflammation, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Stéphane Canaan
- Université Aix-Marseille, CNRS, LISM, IMM FR3479, Marseille, France
| | - Jérôme Nigou
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Louis Herrmann
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Infection et inflammation, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.,APHP, GHU Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Service de Microbiologie, Garches, France
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16
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Safi H, Gopal P, Lingaraju S, Ma S, Levine C, Dartois V, Yee M, Li L, Blanc L, Ho Liang HP, Husain S, Hoque M, Soteropoulos P, Rustad T, Sherman DR, Dick T, Alland D. Phase variation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis glpK produces transiently heritable drug tolerance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:19665-19674. [PMID: 31488707 PMCID: PMC6765255 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1907631116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The length and complexity of tuberculosis (TB) therapy, as well as the propensity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to develop drug resistance, are major barriers to global TB control efforts. M. tuberculosis is known to have the ability to enter into a drug-tolerant state, which may explain many of these impediments to TB treatment. We have identified a mechanism of genetically encoded but rapidly reversible drug tolerance in M. tuberculosis caused by transient frameshift mutations in a homopolymeric tract (HT) of 7 cytosines (7C) in the glpK gene. Inactivating frameshift mutations associated with the 7C HT in glpK produce small colonies that exhibit heritable multidrug increases in minimal inhibitory concentrations and decreases in drug-dependent killing; however, reversion back to a fully drug-susceptible large-colony phenotype occurs rapidly through the introduction of additional insertions or deletions in the same glpK HT region. These reversible frameshift mutations in the 7C HT of M. tuberculosis glpK occur in clinical isolates, accumulate in M. tuberculosis-infected mice with further accumulation during drug treatment, and exhibit a reversible transcriptional profile including induction of dosR and sigH and repression of kstR regulons, similar to that observed in other in vitro models of M. tuberculosis tolerance. These results suggest that GlpK phase variation may contribute to drug tolerance, treatment failure, and relapse in human TB. Drugs effective against phase-variant M. tuberculosis may hasten TB treatment and improve cure rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Safi
- Center for Emerging Pathogens, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103;
- Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Pooja Gopal
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597 Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Subramanya Lingaraju
- Center for Emerging Pathogens, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103
- Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Shuyi Ma
- Center for Infectious Disease, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105
| | - Carly Levine
- Center for Emerging Pathogens, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103
- Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Veronique Dartois
- The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110
| | - Michelle Yee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597 Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Liping Li
- The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110
| | - Landry Blanc
- The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Hsin-Pin Ho Liang
- The Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110
| | - Seema Husain
- Genomics Center, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Mainul Hoque
- Genomics Center, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103
| | | | - Tige Rustad
- Center for Infectious Disease, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105
| | - David R Sherman
- Center for Infectious Disease, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105
| | - Thomas Dick
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110
| | - David Alland
- Center for Emerging Pathogens, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103;
- Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103
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17
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Blanc L, Daudelin IB, Podell BK, Chen PY, Zimmerman M, Martinot AJ, Savic RM, Prideaux B, Dartois V. High-resolution mapping of fluoroquinolones in TB rabbit lesions reveals specific distribution in immune cell types. eLife 2018; 7:e41115. [PMID: 30427309 PMCID: PMC6249001 DOI: 10.7554/elife.41115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the distribution patterns of antibiotics at the site of infection is paramount to selecting adequate drug regimens and developing new antibiotics. Tuberculosis (TB) lung lesions are made of various immune cell types, some of which harbor persistent forms of the pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. By combining high resolution MALDI MSI with histology staining and quantitative image analysis in rabbits with active TB, we have mapped the distribution of a fluoroquinolone at high resolution, and identified the immune-pathological factors driving its heterogeneous penetration within TB lesions, in relation to where bacteria reside. We find that macrophage content, distance from lesion border and extent of necrosis drive the uneven fluoroquinolone penetration. Preferential uptake in macrophages and foamy macrophages, where persistent bacilli reside, compared to other immune cells present in TB granulomas, was recapitulated in vitro using primary human cells. A nonlinear modeling approach was developed to help predict the observed drug behavior in TB lesions. This work constitutes a methodological advance for the co-localization of drugs and infectious agents at high spatial resolution in diseased tissues, which can be applied to other diseases with complex immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landry Blanc
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical SchoolRutgers, The State University of New JerseyNewarkUnited States
| | - Isaac B Daudelin
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical SchoolRutgers, The State University of New JerseyNewarkUnited States
| | - Brendan K Podell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and PathologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsUnited States
| | - Pei-Yu Chen
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical SchoolRutgers, The State University of New JerseyNewarkUnited States
| | - Matthew Zimmerman
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical SchoolRutgers, The State University of New JerseyNewarkUnited States
| | - Amanda J Martinot
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Rada M Savic
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Schools of Pharmacy and MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCanada
| | - Brendan Prideaux
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical SchoolRutgers, The State University of New JerseyNewarkUnited States
| | - Véronique Dartois
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical SchoolRutgers, The State University of New JerseyNewarkUnited States
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18
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Blanc L, Sarathy JP, Alvarez Cabrera N, O'Brien P, Dias-Freedman I, Mina M, Sacchettini J, Savic RM, Gengenbacher M, Podell BK, Prideaux B, Ioerger T, Dick T, Dartois V. Impact of immunopathology on the antituberculous activity of pyrazinamide. J Exp Med 2018; 215:1975-1986. [PMID: 30018074 PMCID: PMC6080910 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20180518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the 1970s, inclusion of pyrazinamide (PZA) in the drug regimen of tuberculosis (TB) patients for the first 2 mo achieved a drastic reduction of therapy duration. Until now, however, the mechanisms underlying PZA's unique contribution to efficacy have remained controversial, and animal efficacy data vary across species. To understand how PZA kills bacterial populations present in critical lung lesion compartments, we first characterized a rabbit model of active TB, showing striking similarities in lesion types and fates to nonhuman primate models deemed the most appropriate surrogates of human TB. We next employed this model with lesion-centric molecular and bacteriology readouts to demonstrate that PZA exhibits potent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis residing in difficult-to-sterilize necrotic lesions. Our data also indicate that PZA is slow acting, suggesting that PZA administration beyond the first 2 mo may accelerate the cure. In conclusion, we provide a pharmacodynamic explanation for PZA's treatment-shortening effect and deliver new tools to dissect the contribution of immune response versus drug at the lesion level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landry Blanc
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ
| | - Jansy Passiflora Sarathy
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ
| | - Nadine Alvarez Cabrera
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ
| | - Paul O'Brien
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ
| | - Isabela Dias-Freedman
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ
| | - Marizel Mina
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ
| | - James Sacchettini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Radojka M Savic
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Martin Gengenbacher
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ
| | - Brendan K Podell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Brendan Prideaux
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ
| | - Thomas Ioerger
- Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Thomas Dick
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ
- Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ
| | - Véronique Dartois
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ
- Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ
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19
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Guerrini V, Prideaux B, Blanc L, Bruiners N, Arrigucci R, Singh S, Ho-Liang HP, Salamon H, Chen PY, Lakehal K, Subbian S, O’Brien P, Via LE, Barry CE, Dartois V, Gennaro ML. Storage lipid studies in tuberculosis reveal that foam cell biogenesis is disease-specific. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007223. [PMID: 30161232 PMCID: PMC6117085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Foam cells are lipid-laden macrophages that contribute to the inflammation and tissue damage associated with many chronic inflammatory disorders. Although foam cell biogenesis has been extensively studied in atherosclerosis, how these cells form during a chronic infectious disease such as tuberculosis is unknown. Here we report that, unlike the cholesterol-laden cells of atherosclerosis, foam cells in tuberculous lung lesions accumulate triglycerides. Consequently, the biogenesis of foam cells varies with the underlying disease. In vitro mechanistic studies showed that triglyceride accumulation in human macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is mediated by TNF receptor signaling through downstream activation of the caspase cascade and the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). These features are distinct from the known biogenesis of atherogenic foam cells and establish a new paradigm for non-atherogenic foam cell formation. Moreover, they reveal novel targets for disease-specific pharmacological interventions against maladaptive macrophage responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Guerrini
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Brendan Prideaux
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Landry Blanc
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Natalie Bruiners
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Riccardo Arrigucci
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Sukhwinder Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Hsin Pin Ho-Liang
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Hugh Salamon
- Knowledge Synthesis, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Pei-Yu Chen
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Karim Lakehal
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Selvakumar Subbian
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Paul O’Brien
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Laura E. Via
- Tuberculosis Research Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Clifton E. Barry
- Tuberculosis Research Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Véronique Dartois
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Maria Laura Gennaro
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States of America
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20
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Bracesco N, Sosa V, Blanc L, Contreras V, Candreva EC, Salvo VA, Hocart S, Mechoso B, Nunes E. Analysis of radioprotection and antimutagenic effects of Ilex paraguariensis infusion and its component rutin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 51:e7404. [PMID: 30020319 PMCID: PMC6050948 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20187404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
DNA repair pathways, cell cycle checkpoints, and redox protection systems are essential factors for securing genomic stability. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of Ilex paraguariensis (Ip) infusion and one of its polyphenolic components rutin on cellular and molecular damage induced by ionizing radiation. Ip is a beverage drank by most inhabitants of Argentina, Paraguay, Southern Brazil, and Uruguay. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC7Klys 2-3) was used as the eukaryotic model. Exponentially growing cells were exposed to gamma rays (γ) in the presence or absence of Ip or rutin. The concentrations used simulated those found in the habitual infusion. Surviving fractions, mutation frequency, and DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) were determined after treatments. A significant increase in surviving fractions after gamma irradiation was observed following combined exposure to γ+R, or γ+Ip. Upon these concomitant treatments, mutation and DSB frequency decreased significantly. In the mutant strain deficient in MEC1, a significant increase in γ sensitivity and a low effect of rutin on γ-induced chromosomal fragmentation was observed. Results were interpreted in the framework of a model of interaction between radiation-induced free radicals, DNA repair pathways, and checkpoint controls, where the DNA damage that induced activation of MEC1 nodal point of the network could be modulated by Ip components including rutin. Furthermore, ionizing radiation-induced redox cascades can be interrupted by rutin potential and other protectors contained in Ip.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bracesco
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - V Sosa
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - L Blanc
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - V Contreras
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - E C Candreva
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - V A Salvo
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Ponce School of Medicine Health Sciences, Ponce, Puerto Rico.,Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Ponce School of Medicine Health Sciences, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - S Hocart
- Peptide Research, Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - B Mechoso
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - E Nunes
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
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21
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Abstract
![]()
MALDI mass-spectrometry
imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a technique capable
of the label-free identification and visualization of analytes in
tissue sections. We have previously applied MALDI-MSI to the study
of the spatial distribution of tuberculosis (TB) drugs in necrotic
lung granulomas characteristic of pulmonary TB disease, revealing
heterogeneous and often suboptimal drug distributions. To investigate
the impact of differential drug distributions at sites of infection,
we sought to image mycobacterial biomarkers to coregister drugs and
bacteria in lesion sections. The traditional method of visualizing Mycobacterium tuberculosis inside lesions is acid-fast staining
and microscopy. Directly analyzing and visualizing mycobacteria-specific
lipid markers by MALDI-MSI provides detailed molecular information
on bacterial distributions within granulomas, complementary to high-spatial-resolution
staining and microscopy approaches. Moreover, spatial monitoring of
molecular changes occurring in bacteria during granuloma development
can potentially contribute to a greater understanding of pulmonary-TB
pathogenesis. In this study, we developed a MALDI-MSI method to detect
and visualize specific glycolipids of mycobacteria within TB lesions.
The biomarker signal correlated well with the bacteria visualized
by IHC and acid-fast staining. This observation was seen in samples
collected from multiple animal models. Although individual bacteria
could not be visualized because of the limit of spatial resolution
(50 μm), bacterial clusters were clearly detected and heterogeneously
distributed throughout lesions. The ability to visualize drugs, metabolites,
and bacterial biomarkers by MALDI-MSI enabled direct colocalization
of drugs with specific bacterial target populations (identifiable
by distinct metabolic markers). Future applications include assessing
drug activity in lesions by visualizing drug-mediated lipid changes
and other drug-induced mycobacterial metabolic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landry Blanc
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Newark , New Jersey 07103 , United States
| | - Anne Lenaerts
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
| | - Véronique Dartois
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Newark , New Jersey 07103 , United States.,Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Newark , New Jersey 07103 , United States
| | - Brendan Prideaux
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Newark , New Jersey 07103 , United States
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22
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Zimmerman M, Blanc L, Chen PY, Dartois V, Prideaux B. Spatial Quantification of Drugs in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Lesions by Laser Capture Microdissection Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCM-LC/MS). J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29733325 DOI: 10.3791/57402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is still a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Improvements to existing drug regimens and the development of novel therapeutics are urgently required. The ability of dosed TB drugs to reach and sterilize bacteria within poorly-vascularized necrotic regions (caseum) of pulmonary granulomas is crucial for successful therapeutic intervention. Effective therapeutic regimens must therefore contain drugs with favorable caseum penetration properties. Current LC/MS methods for quantifying drug levels in biological tissues have limited spatial resolution capabilities, making it difficult to accurately determine absolute drug concentrations within small tissue compartments such as those found within necrotic granulomas. Here we present a protocol combining laser capture microdissection (LCM) of pathologically-distinct tissue regions with LC/MS quantification. This technique provides absolute quantification of drugs within granuloma caseum, surrounding cellular lesion and uninvolved lung tissue and, therefore, accurately determines whether bactericidal concentrations are being achieved. In addition to tuberculosis research, the technique has many potential applications for spatially-resolved quantification of drugs in diseased tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Zimmerman
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
| | - Landry Blanc
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
| | - Pei-Yu Chen
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
| | - Véronique Dartois
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
| | - Brendan Prideaux
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey;
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23
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Sarathy JP, Via LE, Weiner D, Blanc L, Boshoff H, Eugenin EA, Barry CE, Dartois VA. Extreme Drug Tolerance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Caseum. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:e02266-17. [PMID: 29203492 PMCID: PMC5786764 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02266-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) recently became the leading infectious cause of death in adults, while attempts to shorten therapy have largely failed. Dormancy, persistence, and drug tolerance are among the factors driving the long therapy duration. Assays to measure in situ drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria in pulmonary lesions are needed if we are to discover new fast-acting regimens and address the global TB threat. Here we take a first step toward this goal and describe an ex vivo assay developed to measure the cidal activity of anti-TB drugs against M. tuberculosis bacilli present in cavity caseum obtained from rabbits with active TB. We show that caseum M. tuberculosis bacilli are largely nonreplicating, maintain viability over the course of the assay, and exhibit extreme tolerance to many first- and second-line TB drugs. Among the drugs tested, only the rifamycins fully sterilized caseum. A similar trend of phenotypic drug resistance was observed in the hypoxia- and starvation-induced nonreplicating models, but with notable qualitative and quantitative differences: (i) caseum M. tuberculosis exhibits higher drug tolerance than nonreplicating M. tuberculosis in the Wayne and Loebel models, and (ii) pyrazinamide is cidal in caseum but has no detectable activity in these classic nonreplicating assays. Thus, ex vivo caseum constitutes a unique tool to evaluate drug potency against slowly replicating or nonreplicating bacilli in their native caseous environment. Intracaseum cidal concentrations can now be related to the concentrations achieved in the necrotic foci of granulomas and cavities to establish correlations between clinical outcome and lesion-centered pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jansy P Sarathy
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Laura E Via
- Tuberculosis Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Danielle Weiner
- Tuberculosis Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Landry Blanc
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Helena Boshoff
- Tuberculosis Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Eliseo A Eugenin
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Microbiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Clifton E Barry
- Tuberculosis Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Véronique A Dartois
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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24
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Brun C, Archambeau G, Blanc L, Bucalossi J, Chantant M, Gargiulo L, Hermenier A, Le R, Pilia A. Metrology for WEST components design and integration optimization. Fusion Engineering and Design 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Blanc L, Castanier R, Mishra AK, Ray A, Besra GS, Sutcliffe I, Vercellone A, Nigou J. Gram-positive bacterial lipoglycans based on a glycosylated diacylglycerol lipid anchor are microbe-associated molecular patterns recognized by TLR2. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81593. [PMID: 24278450 PMCID: PMC3836763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune recognition is the first line of host defense against invading microorganisms. It is a based on the detection, by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), of invariant molecular signatures that are unique to microorganisms. TLR2 is a PRR that plays a major role in the detection of Gram-positive bacteria by recognizing cell envelope lipid-linked polymers, also called macroamphiphiles, such as lipoproteins, lipoteichoic acids and mycobacterial lipoglycans. These microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) display a structure based on a lipid anchor, being either an acylated cysteine, a glycosylated diacylglycerol or a mannosyl-phosphatidylinositol respectively, and having in common a diacylglyceryl moiety. A fourth class of macroamphiphile, namely lipoglycans, whose lipid anchor is made, as for lipoteichoic acids, of a glycosylated diacylglycerol unit rather than a mannosyl-phosphatidylinositol, is found in Gram-positive bacteria and produced by certain Actinobacteria, including Micrococcus luteus, Stomatococcus mucilaginosus and Corynebacterium glutamicum. We report here that these alternative lipoglycans are also recognized by TLR2 and that they stimulate TLR2-dependant cytokine production, including IL-8, TNF-α and IL-6, and cell surface co-stimulatory molecule CD40 expression by a human macrophage cell line. However, they differ by their co-receptor requirement and the magnitude of the innate immune response they elicit. M. luteus and S. mucilaginosus lipoglycans require TLR1 for recognition by TLR2 and induce stronger responses than C. glutamicum lipoglycan, sensing of which by TLR2 is dependent on TLR6. These results expand the repertoire of MAMPs recognized by TLR2 to lipoglycans based on a glycosylated diacylglycerol lipid anchor and reinforce the paradigm that macroamphiphiles based on such an anchor, including lipoteichoic acids and alternative lipoglycans, induce TLR2-dependant innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landry Blanc
- CNRS; IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale); 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse; UPS; IPBS; F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Romain Castanier
- CNRS; IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale); 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse; UPS; IPBS; F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Arun K. Mishra
- National Institute for Medical Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aurélie Ray
- CNRS; IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale); 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse; UPS; IPBS; F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Gurdyal S. Besra
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Iain Sutcliffe
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Alain Vercellone
- CNRS; IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale); 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse; UPS; IPBS; F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Nigou
- CNRS; IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale); 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse; UPS; IPBS; F-31077 Toulouse, France
- * E-mail:
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Valdés-Ferrer SI, Rosas-Ballina M, Olofsson PS, Lu B, Dancho ME, Ochani M, Li JH, Scheinerman JA, Katz DA, Levine YA, Hudson LK, Yang H, Pavlov VA, Roth J, Blanc L, Antoine DJ, Chavan SS, Andersson U, Diamond B, Tracey KJ. HMGB1 mediates splenomegaly and expansion of splenic CD11b+ Ly-6C(high) inflammatory monocytes in murine sepsis survivors. J Intern Med 2013; 274:381-90. [PMID: 23808943 PMCID: PMC4223507 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 500,000 hospitalized patients survive severe sepsis annually in the USA. Recent epidemiological evidence, however, demonstrated that these survivors have significant morbidity and mortality, with 3-year fatality rates higher than 70%. To investigate the mechanisms underlying persistent functional impairment in sepsis survivors, here we developed a model to study severe sepsis survivors following cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). METHODS Sepsis was induced in mice by CLP and survivors were followed for twelve weeks. Spleen and blood were collected and analyzed at different time points post-sepsis. RESULTS We observed that sepsis survivors developed significant splenomegaly. Analysis of the splenic cellular compartments revealed a major expansion of the inflammatory CD11b+ Ly-6CHigh pool. Serum high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) levels in the sepsis surviving mice were significantly elevated for 4-6 weeks after post-sepsis, and administration of an anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibody significantly attenuated splenomegaly as well as splenocyte priming. Administration of recombinant HMGB1 to naive mice induced similar splenomegaly, leukocytosis and splenocyte priming as observed in sepsis survivors. Interestingly analysis of circulating HMGB1 from sepsis survivors by mass spectroscopy demonstrated a stepwise increase of reduced form of HMGB1 (with known chemo-attractant properties) during the first 3 weeks, followed by disulphide form (with known inflammatory properties) 4-8 weeks after CLP. DISCUSSION Our results indicate that prolonged elevation of HMGB1 is a necessary and sufficient mediator of splenomegaly and splenocyte expansion, as well as splenocyte inflammatory priming in murine severe sepsis survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Valdés-Ferrer
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular MedicineManhasset, NY, USA
| | - M Rosas-Ballina
- Focal Area Infection Biology, Biozentrum, University of BaselBasel, Switzerland
| | - P S Olofsson
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
| | - B Lu
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular MedicineManhasset, NY, USA
| | - M E Dancho
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
| | - M Ochani
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
| | - J H Li
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
| | - J A Scheinerman
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
| | - D A Katz
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
| | - Y A Levine
- SetPoint Medical, Valen Inc.Valencia, CA, USA
| | - L K Hudson
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
| | - H Yang
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
| | - V A Pavlov
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
| | - J Roth
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
| | - L Blanc
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
| | - D J Antoine
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of LiverpoolLiverpool, UK
| | - S S Chavan
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
| | - U Andersson
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University HospitalStockholm, Sweden
| | - B Diamond
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
| | - K J Tracey
- The Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
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Vlachos A, Farrar J, Atsidaftos E, Muir E, Narla A, Markello T, Singh S, Blanc L, Landowski M, Gazda H, Liu J, Ellis S, Arceci R, Ebert B, Bodine D, Lipton J. P-083 5q-syndrome or diamond blackfan anemia: The perplexing diagnostic puzzle of red cell aplasia. Leuk Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(13)70132-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gimenez O, Abadi F, Barnagaud JY, Blanc L, Buoro M, Cubaynes S, Desprez M, Gamelon M, Guilhaumon F, Lagrange P, Madon B, Marescot L, Papadatou E, Papaïx J, Péron G, Servanty S. How can quantitative ecology be attractive to young scientists? Balancing computer/desk work with fieldwork. Anim Conserv 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2012.00597.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Gimenez
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive; campus CNRS; Montpellier; France
| | - F. Abadi
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive; campus CNRS; Montpellier; France
| | - J-Y. Barnagaud
- Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique; UMR BIOGECO; Cestas; France
| | - L. Blanc
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive; campus CNRS; Montpellier; France
| | - M. Buoro
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management; University of California; Berkeley; CA; USA
| | - S. Cubaynes
- Department of Life Sciences; Imperial College London; Berkshire; UK
| | - M. Desprez
- Marine Mammal Research Group, Graduate School of Environment; Macquarie University; North Ryde; Australia
| | | | - F. Guilhaumon
- ‘Rui Nabeiro’ Biodiversity Chair; CIBIO - Universidade de Évora. Casa Cordovil, Rua Dr. Joaquim Henrique da Fonseca; Évora; Portugal
| | | | - B. Madon
- Boomerang for Earth Conservation; Antony; France
| | - L. Marescot
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive; campus CNRS; Montpellier; France
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Falzon D, Jaramillo E, Schünemann HJ, Arentz M, Bauer M, Bayona J, Blanc L, Caminero JA, Daley CL, Duncombe C, Fitzpatrick C, Gebhard A, Getahun H, Henkens M, Holtz TH, Keravec J, Keshavjee S, Khan AJ, Kulier R, Leimane V, Lienhardt C, Lu C, Mariandyshev A, Migliori GB, Mirzayev F, Mitnick CD, Nunn P, Nwagboniwe G, Oxlade O, Palmero D, Pavlinac P, Quelapio MI, Raviglione MC, Rich ML, Royce S, Rüsch-Gerdes S, Salakaia A, Sarin R, Sculier D, Varaine F, Vitoria M, Walson JL, Wares F, Weyer K, White RA, Zignol M. WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis: 2011 update. Eur Respir J 2011; 38:516-28. [PMID: 21828024 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00073611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 474] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The production of guidelines for the management of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) fits the mandate of the World Health Organization (WHO) to support countries in the reinforcement of patient care. WHO commissioned external reviews to summarise evidence on priority questions regarding case-finding, treatment regimens for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), monitoring the response to MDR-TB treatment, and models of care. A multidisciplinary expert panel used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to develop recommendations. The recommendations support the wider use of rapid drug susceptibility testing for isoniazid and rifampicin or rifampicin alone using molecular techniques. Monitoring by sputum culture is important for early detection of failure during treatment. Regimens lasting ≥ 20 months and containing pyrazinamide, a fluoroquinolone, a second-line injectable drug, ethionamide (or prothionamide), and either cycloserine or p-aminosalicylic acid are recommended. The guidelines promote the early use of antiretroviral agents for TB patients with HIV on second-line drug regimens. Systems that primarily employ ambulatory models of care are recommended over others based mainly on hospitalisation. Scientific and medical associations should promote the recommendations among practitioners and public health decision makers involved in MDR-TB care. Controlled trials are needed to improve the quality of existing evidence, particularly on the optimal composition and duration of MDR-TB treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Falzon
- Stop TB Dept, World Health Organization, Geneva 27, Switzerland.
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Creswell J, Raviglione M, Ottmani S, Migliori GB, Uplekar M, Blanc L, Sotgiu G, Lonnroth K. Tuberculosis and noncommunicable diseases: neglected links and missed opportunities. Eur Respir J 2010; 37:1269-82. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00084310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Tortissier G, Blanc L, Tetelin A, Zimmermann C, Lachaud JL, Boissière C, Sanchez C, Dejous C, Rebière D. Mesoporous Coated Films on Love Wave Acoustic Devices for Gas Detection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1166/sl.2009.1185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tortissier G, Blanc L, Tetelin A, Lachaud JL, Benoit M, Conédéra V, Dejous C, Rebière D. Langasite Based Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors for High Temperature Chemical Detection in Harsh Environment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2009.07.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ottmani S, Zignol M, Bencheikh N, Laasri L, Blanc L, Mahjour J. TB contact investigations: 12 years of experience in the National TB Programme, Morocco 1993-2004. East Mediterr Health J 2009. [DOI: 10.26719/2009.15.3.494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Me'emary F, Ottmani SE, Pio A, Baghdadi S, Assafin G, Koraym M, Saleh M, Bashour H, Seita A, Blanc L. Results of the feasibility test of the Practical Approach to Lung Health in the Syrian Arab Republic. East Mediterr Health J 2009. [DOI: 10.26719/2009.15.3.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Me'emary F, Ottmani SE, Pio A, Baghdadi S, Assafin G, Koraym M, Saleh M, Bashour H, Seita A, Blanc L. Results of the feasibility test of the Practical Approach to Lung Health in the Syrian Arab Republic. East Mediterr Health J 2009; 15:504-515. [PMID: 19731766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We assessed implementation of the Practical Approach to Lung Health (PAL) in primary care facilities in the Syrian Arab Republic and its short-term impact on respiratory care in patients aged 5+ years. After training on PAL for 76 general practitioners in 75 health centres, referrals and sputum smear examinations for patients increased. The mean number of drugs prescribed per patient decreased by 14.8% and that of antibiotics by 33.3%, while prescriptions for inhaled medications increased. The mean cost of drug prescriptions fell by 26.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Me'emary
- Ministry of Health, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
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36
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Ottmani S, Zignol M, Bencheikh N, Laâsri L, Blanc L, Mahjour J. TB contact investigations: 12 years of experience in the National TB Programme, Morocco 1993-2004. East Mediterr Health J 2009; 15:494-503. [PMID: 19731765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We reviewed data collected from 1993 to 2004 as part of the routine activities of the national tuberculosis (TB) control programme (NTP) in Morocco. More than 1 million household TB contacts were identified in approximately 200,000 investigations. On average, 77% of identified contacts were screened every year; overall prevalence was 2.5%. The proportion of TB cases identified in household contacts of registered cases was 5.6%. This was significantly higher in children under 10 years and in patients registered and diagnosed with symptomatic primary complex. Performing TB contact investigations as part of the routine activities of NTP services is feasible in low-middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ottmani
- Stop TB Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
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37
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Brimkulov N, Ottmani SE, Pio A, Chubakov T, Sultanova A, Davletalieva N, Kalieva A, Rittman J, Erhola M, Cholurova R, Blanc L. Feasibility test results of the Practical Approach to Lung Health in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2009; 13:533-539. [PMID: 19335962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING Ambulatory health centres in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. OBJECTIVE To assess the results of training family doctors in Practical Approach to Lung Health (PAL) techniques. DESIGN Comparison of the results of two surveys, before (baseline) and after (impact) training on PAL guidelines. Both surveys were carried out according to the same protocol. RESULTS A total of 86 family physicians working in three ambulatory health centres participated in both surveys. Respectively 893 and 992 respiratory patients were registered in the baseline and impact surveys. Baseline survey patients had longer duration of symptoms, were older and had more concomitant health conditions than impact survey patients. Findings suggest that PAL training has resulted in a decrease by one third in referrals to hospital or specialists or for diagnostic tests. Data do not show any improvement in tuberculosis case detection. However, in the impact survey, the number of drugs prescribed per patient decreased by 13.6% and the average cost of prescription of any drug per patient was reduced by 32.2%. CONCLUSION The study suggests that training in standardised PAL guidelines is likely to reduce referral as well as drug prescription costs for respiratory patients. These findings need to be confirmed by further studies.
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38
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Abu Rumman K, Ottmani S, Abu Sabra N, Baghdadi S, Seita A, Blanc L. Training on the Practical Approach to Lung Health: effect on drug prescribing in PHC settings in Jordan. East Mediterr Health J 2009. [DOI: 10.26719/2009.15.1.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abu Rumman K, Ottmani S, Abu Sabra N, Baghdadi S, Seita A, Blanc L. Training on the Practical Approach to Lung Health: effect on drug prescribing in PHC settings in Jordan. East Mediterr Health J 2009; 15:111-121. [PMID: 19469433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed whether training physicians on the Practical Approach to Lung Health (PAL) reduces drug prescribing and the cost of drugs prescribed to respiratory patients in the primary health care setting. Data were compared before and after training general practitioners on standard guidelines for case management of respiratory conditions in primary care. A total of 56 general practitioners practising in 25 health centres in 3 out of 12 governorates of Jordan participated in both the baseline survey (n = 6260 respiratory patients) and the impact survey (n = 2709 patients). Training in PAL decreased by 12.2% the number of drugs prescribed per patient, increased the prescription of inhaled medications and reduced the mean cost of a drug prescription per patient by 8.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abu Rumman
- National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan
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Ottmani SE, Zignol M, Blanc L, Bencheikh N, Laâsri L, Mahjour J. Improving the quality of cohort analysis by incorporating treatment outcomes of 'transferred in' TB cases. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2007; 11:588-90. [PMID: 17439687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment outcomes of patients with tuberculosis (TB) who move between TB units ('transferred out') are often not incorporated in the annual cohort analysis. Experience from Morocco shows that using a simple method, the outcomes of these patients, notified as 'transferred in' cases, can be easily taken into account when compiling the annual report on treatment outcomes. With this method the treatment success rate increased in Morocco by a median of 5.8% (range 5.0-6.7), indicating that the country reached the global target of curing at least 85% of the new smear-positive TB cases detected during the period 1995-2003.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-E Ottmani
- Stop TB Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Aziz M, Ryszewska K, Blanc L, Vincent V, Getahun H, Wright A, Nunn P, Raviglione M. Expanding culture and drug susceptibility testing capacity in tuberculosis diagnostic services: the new challenge. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2007; 11:247-50. [PMID: 17352087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Aziz
- Stop TB Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Harries AD, Zachariah R, Bergström K, Blanc L, Salaniponi FM, Elzinga G. Human resources for control of tuberculosis and HIV-associated tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2005; 9:128-37. [PMID: 15732730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The global targets for tuberculosis (TB) control were postponed from 2000 to 2005, but on current evidence a further postponement may be necessary. Of the constraints preventing these targets being met, the primary one appears to be the lack of adequately trained and qualified staff. This paper outlines: 1) the human resources and skills for global TB and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) TB control, including the human resources for implementing the DOTS strategy, the additional human resources for implementing joint HIV-TB control strategies and what is known about human resource gaps at global level; 2) the attempts to quantify human resource gaps by focusing on a small country in sub-Saharan Africa, Malawi; and 3) the main constraints to human resources and their possible solutions, under six main headings: human resource planning; production of human resources; distribution of the work-force; motivation and staff retention; quality of existing staff; and the effect of HIV/AIDS. We recommend an urgent shift in thinking about the human resource paradigm, and exhort international policy makers and the donor community to make a concerted effort to bridge the current gaps by investing for real change.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Harries
- National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Lilongwe, Malawi.
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Blanc L, Aliaume C, Zerbi A, Lasserre G. Spatial and temporal co-structure analyses between ichthyofauna and environment: an example in the tropics. C R Acad Sci III 2001; 324:635-46. [PMID: 11476005 DOI: 10.1016/s0764-4469(01)01338-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ichthyofauna distribution and habitat characteristics of Thalassia beds in the Grand Cul-de-Sac marin lagoon in Guadeloupe were studied during a one-year survey. Environmental variables (9) were measured monthly in ten sites along with collection of fish communities. The environmental data set, analysed alone through between-within group 'principal component analysis' (PCA), exhibited a significant spatial and temporal variability. The fish data set, however, presented only a significant spatial structure, stable over the year. Given the lack of temporal variability in fish distribution, a 'between-site co-structure analysis' (BSCA) was used to compare the faunistic and environmental structures in space. The co-inertia structure was reduced to one axis representing a strong coast-reef gradient, the major common phenomena to both data sets. Environment and fish distribution allowed to distinguish sites directly under mangrove influence (characterised by high seagrasses, high concentration of chlorophyll a and high densities of zooplankton), to sites under reef influence (with short but dense seagrasses, clear water, and poor nutriments). For that purposes, the BSCA summarised efficiently what in common the fauna spatial structure and the environment spatial structure may present.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Blanc
- Université Montpellier II, laboratoire hydrobiologie marine et continentale, CNRS UMR 5556, CC 093, place E.-Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
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Abstract
A programme of chemoprophylaxis was introduced as a component of the leprosy control programme in the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), beginning in 1996. The entire population of the country was to be screened, and a single dose of 600 mg rifampicin, 400 mg ofloxacin and 100 mg minocycline (ROM) was to be administered to the entire population. Two rounds of screening the entire population were carried out, approximately 1 year apart, and chemoprophylaxis was administered at the time of each screening. Ninety percent of the population were screened at least once, and 55% were screened in both rounds; 87% of the population received at least one dose, and 54% received two doses. In the course of the first round, 322 new cases were detected, whereas only 80 new cases were detected during the second round, of whom only 12 had received chemoprophylaxis in the course of the first round. A third round of screening, confined to a small number of villages in both Chuuk and Pohnpei, in which states leprosy endemicity was high, was carried out approximately 2 years after the second. Only 16 new cases were detected during the third round of screening, whereas 102 new cases had been detected in this same population during the first round of screening, and 32 new cases during the second. Six of the 16 newly detected cases stated that they had been administered chemoprophylaxis at least once; however, this information may not be reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Diletto
- Western Pacific Regional Office, World Health Organization, Manila, The Philippines
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Norval PY, San KK, Bakhim T, Rith DN, Ahn DI, Blanc L. DOTS in Cambodia. Directly observed treatment with short-course chemotherapy. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 1998; 2:44-51. [PMID: 9562110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING Since the 1970s, Cambodia, a country of 10 million people in South East Asia, has experienced war, genocide and the virtual dismantling of the health system. It has a severe tuberculosis (TB) problem, with a new tuberculosis case notification rate, all forms, of about 150 per 100000 population and a tuberculosis programme, established in the early 1980s, achieving cure rates of only 40-50% in the last decade. OBJECTIVE To describe the implementation of a DOTS programme (directly observed treatment with short-course chemotherapy) under difficult conditions and its rapid success on a nation-wide scale. DESIGN The World Health Organisation's recommended strategy was implemented in a phased manner throughout the country from 1994. The resources for TB drugs and running costs came from 13 sources. The DOTS strategy was gradually introduced after training and with regular supervision into 120 TB units inside general public hospitals at provincial and district level, after a mapping exercise; 75% of tuberculosis cases, all forms, are hospitalized during the entire initial phase and 85% of the total number of tuberculosis cases received free food from the World Food Programme. RESULTS Two and a half years after the start of the new programme, DOTS was implemented in 85% of all public hospitals. In 1996, case-detection rates had reached 127 smear-positive PTB (pulmonary tuberculosis) and 149 PTB all forms per 100000 inhabitants; 90% of all tuberculosis patients received DOTS. From January 1994 to June 1995, 4164 new cases started category 1 treatment (2ERHZ/6EH). Of these, 89% were cured or completed treatment, 5% defaulted, 3% died, 1% were treatment failures and 2% transferred out. CONCLUSION The DOTS strategy can be successfully implemented in even very difficult conditions such as those found in Cambodia.
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Mahé A, Boulais C, Blanc L, Kéita S, Bobin P. Seborrheic dermatitis as a revealing feature of HIV infection in Bamako, Mali. Int J Dermatol 1994; 33:601-2. [PMID: 7960363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Jamet P, Blanc L, Fayne OC, Traore I, Bobin P. Relapses after a single dose of rifampin in skin-smear negative multibacillary patients after dapsone monotherapy. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 1994; 62:209-14. [PMID: 8046259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Between 1982 and 1985, a single 1500 mg dose of rifampin (RMP) was given to 136 multibacillary leprosy patients who had become clinically inactive and skin-smear negative after various durations of dapsone monotherapy, and then antileprosy chemotherapy was totally stopped. By the end of June 1992, 15 relapses were detected among these patients. The overall relapse rate was 11%; the relapse rate per 100 patient-years was 2.1%, which was the highest among those published to date; the cumulative risk of relapse at year 7 of follow up was 8.8%. All of these figures indicate that the relapse rate among this group was at least the same as in other studies where patients received dapsone monotherapy only. Therefore, the administration of a single large dose of RMP could neither prevent relapse nor reduce its rate among multibacillary patients who had already become clinically and skin-smear negative after dapsone monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Jamet
- Institut Marchoux, Bamako, Mali
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mahé
- Institut Marchoux, Bamako, Mali
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Gervet J, Blanc L, Pratte M, Tian-Chansky SS. Experimentally induced circular dominance relationships in a polygynous Polistes (Polistes dominulus Christ) wasp colony. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01955172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
This is the first report of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Niger subsequent to the initial finding in 1911 and the report of a second case in 1943. The clinical, histopathological, and epidemiological features of 64 parasitologically confirmed cases are described. Lesions were mostly multiple, situated on exposed areas of skin, but rarely on the face. Two clinical forms were predominant: ulcero-crusted and humid-ulcerous. Nodular lymphangitis was not uncommon. Patients were mostly from rural areas, but urban transmission did occur. The majority of lesions appeared during the June-October rainy season. All features appeared to be similar to those of this disease in other countries in the sahelian endemic zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Develoux
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Niamey, Niger
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