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Luca T, Malfa GA, Siracusa L, La Mantia A, Bianchi S, Napoli E, Puleo S, Sergi A, Acquaviva R, Castorina S. Redox State Modulatory Activity and Cytotoxicity of Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae) Leaves Extract Enriched in Polyphenols Using Macroporous Resin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:73. [PMID: 38247497 PMCID: PMC10812475 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The food products derived from Olea europaea are a fundamental part of the Mediterranean diet, and their health-promoting effects are well known. In this study, we analyzed the phytochemical characteristics, the redox state modulatory activity, and the cytotoxic effect of an olive leaf aqueous extract enriched by macroporous resin on different tumor and normal cell lines (LNCaP, PC3, HFF-1). HPLC-DAD analysis, the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods confirmed the qualitatively and quantitatively high content of phenolic compounds (130.02 ± 2.3 mg GAE/g extract), and a DPPH assay (IC50 = 100.00 ± 1.8 μg/mL), the related antioxidant activity. The biological investigation showed a significant cytotoxic effect, highlighted by an MTT test and the evident cellular morphological changes, on two prostate cancer cell lines. Remarkably, the extract was practically non-toxic on HFF-1 at the concentrations (100, 150, 300 µg/mL) and exposure times tested. Hence, the results are selective for tumor cells. The underlying cytotoxicity was associated with the decrease in ROS production (55% PC3, 42% LNCaP) and the increase in RSH levels (>50% PC3) and an LDH release assay (50% PC3, 40% LNCaP, established necrosis as the main cell death mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonia Luca
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Antonio Malfa
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.L.M.); (S.B.); (A.S.); (R.A.)
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Italian National Research Council ICB-CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (E.N.)
| | - Alfonsina La Mantia
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.L.M.); (S.B.); (A.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Simone Bianchi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.L.M.); (S.B.); (A.S.); (R.A.)
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Edoardo Napoli
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Italian National Research Council ICB-CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (E.N.)
| | - Stefano Puleo
- Mediterranean Foundation “GB Morgagni”, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Angelo Sergi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.L.M.); (S.B.); (A.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Rosaria Acquaviva
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.L.M.); (S.B.); (A.S.); (R.A.)
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Sergio Castorina
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.L.); (S.C.)
- Mediterranean Foundation “GB Morgagni”, 95125 Catania, Italy;
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Siracusa L. Editorial: The biochemistry of Mediterranean plants under abiotic stress. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1307316. [PMID: 37965012 PMCID: PMC10641004 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1307316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Catania, Italy
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Parafati L, Siracusa L, Pesce F, Restuccia C, Fallico B, Palmeri R. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) young leaf extract as brine additive to improve the functional properties of mozzarella cheese. Food Chem 2023; 425:136474. [PMID: 37295215 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) has been an important plant in traditional medicine for over 4000 years, probably because of its remarkable antioxidant activity. In this study, an aqueous extract from mango red leaves (M-RLE) was evaluated for its polyphenol profile and antioxidant activity. The extract was used as brine replacement (at 5%, 10% and 20% v/v) in fresh mozzarella cheese for improving its functional properties. During storage (12 d at 4 ± °C), compositional analysis performed on mozzarella has shown a progressive increase of iriflophenone 3-C-glucoside and mangiferin, the compounds most present in the extract, with a noticeable preference for the benzophenone. At the same time, the antioxidant activity of mozzarella peaked at 12 d of storage, suggesting a binding action of that matrix for the M-RLE bioactive compounds. Moreover, the use of the M-RLE has not negatively influenced the Lactobacillus spp. population of mozzarella, even at the highest concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Parafati
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- CNR-ICB, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Fabiola Pesce
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Restuccia
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Biagio Fallico
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosa Palmeri
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Siracusa L, Ruberto G, Cristino L. Recent Research on Cannabis sativa L.: Phytochemistry, New Matrices, Cultivation Techniques, and Recent Updates on Its Brain-Related Effects (2018-2023). Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083387. [PMID: 37110621 PMCID: PMC10146690 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabis sativa L. is a plant that humankind has been using for millennia. The basis of its widespread utilization is its adaptability to so many different climatic conditions, with easy cultivability in numerous diverse environments. Because of its variegate phytochemistry, C. sativa has been used in many sectors, although the discovery of the presence in the plant of several psychotropic substances (e.g., Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, THC) caused a drastic reduction of its cultivation and use together with its official ban from pharmacopeias. Fortunately, the discovery of Cannabis varieties with low content of THC as well as the biotechnological development of new clones rich in many phytochemical components endorsed with peculiar and many important bioactivities has demanded the reassessment of these species, the study and use of which are currently experiencing new and important developments. In this review we focus our attention on the phytochemistry, new matrices, suitable agronomic techniques, and new biological activities developed in the five last years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126 Catania, CT, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126 Catania, CT, Italy
| | - Luigia Cristino
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
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Bouabidi M, Salamone FL, Gadhi C, Bouamama H, Speciale A, Ginestra G, Pulvirenti L, Siracusa L, Nostro A, Cristani M. Efficacy of Two Moroccan Cistus Species Extracts against Acne Vulgaris: Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062797. [PMID: 36985768 PMCID: PMC10054591 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genus Cistus L. (Cistaceae) includes several medicinal plants growing wild in the Moroccan area. Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic skin disorder treated with topical and systemic therapies that often lead to several side effects in addition to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Our study aimed to investigate the bioactivity of extracts of two Moroccan Cistus species, Cistus laurifolius L. and Cistus salviifolius L., in view of their use as potential coadjuvants in the treatment of mild acne vulgaris. METHODS Targeted phytochemical profiles obtained by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI/MS analyses and biological activities ascertained by several antioxidants in vitro chemical and cell-based assays of the leaf extracts. Moreover, antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and Candida albicans was evaluated. RESULTS Analyses revealed the presence of several polyphenols in the studied extracts, mainly flavonoids and tannins. Cistus laurifolius L. and Cistus salviifolius L. possessed good biological properties and all extracts showed antibacterial activity, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, and Propionibacterium acnes, identified as the main acne-causing bacteria. CONCLUSION The results suggest that examined extracts are promising agents worthy of further studies to develop coadjuvants/natural remedies for mild acne treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryem Bouabidi
- Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Health Research (LRDDS), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, 549 Bd Abdelkrim Al Khattabi, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Federica Lina Salamone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Chemseddoha Gadhi
- Laboratory of Agri-Food, Biotechnology and Valorization of Plant Bioresources, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Bd. Prince My Abdellah, B.P. 2390, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Hafida Bouamama
- Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Health Research (LRDDS), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, 549 Bd Abdelkrim Al Khattabi, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Ginestra
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Luana Pulvirenti
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonia Nostro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Vanella D, Consoli S, Continella A, Chinnici G, Milani M, Cirelli GL, D’amico M, Maesano G, Gentile A, La Spada P, Scollo F, Modica G, Siracusa L, Longo Minnolo G, Barbagallo S. Environmental and Agro-Economic Sustainability of Olive Orchards Irrigated with Reclaimed Water Under Deficit Irrigation.. [DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4491306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Tramice A, Paris D, Manca A, Guevara Agudelo FA, Petrosino S, Siracusa L, Carbone M, Melck D, Raymond F, Piscitelli F. Analysis of the oral microbiome during hormonal cycle and its alterations in menopausal women: the "AMICA" project. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22086. [PMID: 36543896 PMCID: PMC9772230 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26528-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of human health is dependent on a symbiotic relationship between humans and associated bacteria. The diversity and abundance of each habitat's signature microbes vary widely among body areas and among them the oral microbiome plays a key role. Significant changes in the oral cavity, predominantly at salivary and periodontal level, have been associated with changes in estrogen levels. However, whether the oral microbiome is affected by hormonal level alterations is understudied. Hence the main objective pursued by AMICA project was to characterize the oral microbiome (saliva) in healthy women through: profiling studies using "omics" technologies (NMR-based metabolomics, targeted lipidomics by LC-MS, metagenomics by NGS); SinglePlex ELISA assays; glycosidase activity analyses and bioinformatic analysis. For this purpose, thirty-nine medically healthy women aged 26-77 years (19 with menstrual cycle and 20 in menopause) were recruited. Participants completed questionnaires assessing detailed medical and medication history and demographic characteristics. Plasmatic and salivary levels of sexual hormones were assessed (FSH, estradiol, LH and progesteron) at day 3 and 14 for women with menstrual cycle and only once for women in menopause. Salivary microbiome composition was assessed through meta-taxonomic 16S sequencing and overall, the salivary microbiome of most women remained relatively stable throughout the menstrual cycle and in menopause. Targeted lipidomics and untargeted metabolomics profiling were assessed through the use of LC-MS and NMR spectroscopy technologies, respectively and significant changes in terms of metabolites were identified in saliva of post-menopausal women in comparison to cycle. Moreover, glycosyl hydrolase activities were screened and showed that the β-D-hexosaminidase activity was the most present among those analyzed. Although this study has not identified significant alterations in the composition of the oral microbiome, multiomics analysis have revealed a strong correlation between 2-AG and α-mannosidase. In conclusion, the use of a multidisciplinary approach to investigate the oral microbiome of healthy women provided some indication about microbiome-derived predictive biomarkers that could be used in the future for developing new strategies to help to re-establish the correct hormonal balance in post-menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Tramice
- grid.473581.c0000 0004 1761 6004CNR Istituto Di Chimica Biomolecolare, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - D. Paris
- grid.473581.c0000 0004 1761 6004CNR Istituto Di Chimica Biomolecolare, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - A. Manca
- CNR Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Sassari, Italy
| | | | - S. Petrosino
- grid.473581.c0000 0004 1761 6004CNR Istituto Di Chimica Biomolecolare, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy ,Epitech Group SpA, Saccolongo (PD), Italy
| | - L. Siracusa
- grid.473581.c0000 0004 1761 6004CNR Istituto Di Chimica Biomolecolare, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - M. Carbone
- grid.473581.c0000 0004 1761 6004CNR Istituto Di Chimica Biomolecolare, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - D. Melck
- grid.473581.c0000 0004 1761 6004CNR Istituto Di Chimica Biomolecolare, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - F. Raymond
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Université Laval, Québéc City, Canada
| | - F. Piscitelli
- grid.473581.c0000 0004 1761 6004CNR Istituto Di Chimica Biomolecolare, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
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Siracusa L, Occhiuto C, Molonia MS, Cimino F, Palumbo M, Saija A, Speciale A, Rocco C, Ruberto G, Cristani M. A pinitol-rich Glycyrrhiza glabra L. leaf extract as functional supplement with potential in the prevention of endothelial dysfunction through improving insulin signalling. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1225-1234. [PMID: 32476488 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1764046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Background: Glycyrrhyza glabra L. is one of the most popular medicinal plant in the world, its roots having been used since ancient times in many traditional medicines. On the contrary, scarce attention has been dedicated to liquorice aerial parts. Previous studies showed the presence of a large group of polyphenols and a consistent amount of d-pinitol in the leaf extract.Methods: The methanolic extract from G. glabra leaves was profiled for its content in polyphenols; the amount of d-pinitol was also measured with two independent methods (HPLC-ELSD and NMR). The extract was tested for its in vitro protective effects against insulin resistance-related endothelial dysfunction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to palmitic acid, which is the most prevalent saturated free fatty acid in circulation.Results: Methanolic extract from liquorice leaves has a protective effect against the lipotoxicity-associated alterations of insulin pathway in human endothelial cells, similarly to what observed with pure d-pinitol.Conclusions: Liquorice leaves are to be considered a waste product which gives a phytocomplex endowed with interesting potential therapeutic properties, moreover the use of a liquorice leaves phytocomplex rather than a pure compound allows avoiding a series of isolation/purification procedures and can be easily scaled up for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del C.N.R. di Chimica Biomolecolare, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Occhiuto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia Molonia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
- Fondazione "Antonio Imbesi", Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Palumbo
- Istituto di Patologia Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Ospedale Santo Bambino, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonella Saija
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Concetta Rocco
- Istituto del C.N.R. di Chimica Biomolecolare, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
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Siracusa L, Onofri A, Galesi R, Impelluso C, Pulvirenti L, Ruberto G, Gresta F, Spampinato G, Cristaudo A. An integrated approach for the characterization of wild Crocus species adopting phenotypical and phytochemical traits. Phytochemistry 2022; 202:113315. [PMID: 35810876 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Crocus is a taxonomically complex genus, characterized by high intra- and inter-specific variability. Five wild Crocus taxa - Crocus biflorus, C. longiflorus, C. neapolitanus, C. siculus and C. thomasii from three different areas of Southern Italy (Calabria, Basilicata and Sicily) have been investigated. We considered both flower morphological traits (inner and outer perigone segments, style branches and anthers) and the chemical profile of specialised metabolites (apocarotenoids: crocins; flavonoids: flavonols) in style branches, which were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, coupled with a diode array detector and mass spectrometry (HPLC-UV-DAD-ESI-MS). Saffron (C. sativus) was also included as the 'control' species. The length of perigone tube, outer and inner tepals, anthers and style branches gave the highest contribution to the discrimination of different taxa. Concerning the specialised metabolite profiles, 20 flavonols and 24 crocins have been identified and quantified in the Crocus extracts and used to discriminate among samples, confirming that Crocus taxa can be considered as an important natural source of these substances. The chemical profiles of the different populations showed some distinctive qualitative and quantitative patterns that contributed to a certain degree of discrimination among species, in fact, flavonoids content range is comprised between 2.7 and 145.9 mg/g, whereas crocins range between 19.8 and 604.0 mg/g. It is thus hypothesized that the combination of morphological and phytochemical screenings may be an effective methodology to characterize wild Crocus genotypes from Southern Italy, also in comparison to C. sativus (saffron).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR (ICB-CNR), 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Onofri
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rosario Galesi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, 95128, Catania, Italy
| | - Carmen Impelluso
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, 95128, Catania, Italy
| | - Luana Pulvirenti
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR (ICB-CNR), 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR (ICB-CNR), 95126, Catania, Italy.
| | - Fabio Gresta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Spampinato
- Department of AGRARIA, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Località Feo di Vito, 89122, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Antonia Cristaudo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, 95128, Catania, Italy
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Sferrazzo G, Palmeri R, Restuccia C, Parafati L, Siracusa L, Spampinato M, Carota G, Distefano A, Di Rosa M, Tomasello B, Costantino A, Gulisano M, Li Volti G, Barbagallo I. Mangifera indica L. Leaves as a Potential Food Source of Phenolic Compounds with Biological Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071313. [PMID: 35883804 PMCID: PMC9312095 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well recognized that functional foods rich in antioxidants and antiinflammation agents including polyphenols, probiotics/prebiotics, and bioactive compounds have been found to have positive effects on the aging process. In particular, fruits play an important role in regular diet, promoting good health and longevity. In this study, we investigated on biological properties of extract obtained from Mangifera indica L. leaves in preclinical in vitro models. Specifically, the profile and content of bioactive compounds, the antimicrobial potential toward food spoilage and pathogenic bacterial species, and the eventually protective effect in inflammation were examined. Our findings revealed that MLE was rich in polyphenols, showing a content exclusively in the subclass of benzophenone/xanthone metabolites, and these phytochemical compounds demonstrated the highest antioxidant capacity and greatest in vitro antibacterial activity toward different bacterial species such as Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Staphylococcus aureus, and St. haemolyticus. Furthermore, our data showed an in vitro anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antifibrotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Sferrazzo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (B.T.); (A.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Rosa Palmeri
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (R.P.); (C.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Cristina Restuccia
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (R.P.); (C.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Lucia Parafati
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (R.P.); (C.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
| | - Mariarita Spampinato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (G.C.); (A.D.); (M.D.R.); (G.L.V.)
| | - Giuseppe Carota
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (G.C.); (A.D.); (M.D.R.); (G.L.V.)
| | - Alfio Distefano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (G.C.); (A.D.); (M.D.R.); (G.L.V.)
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (G.C.); (A.D.); (M.D.R.); (G.L.V.)
| | - Barbara Tomasello
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (B.T.); (A.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Angelita Costantino
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (B.T.); (A.C.); (M.G.)
- Interuniversity Consortium for Biotechnology, Area di Ricerca, Padriciano, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Massimo Gulisano
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (B.T.); (A.C.); (M.G.)
- Interuniversity Consortium for Biotechnology, Area di Ricerca, Padriciano, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (G.C.); (A.D.); (M.D.R.); (G.L.V.)
| | - Ignazio Barbagallo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (B.T.); (A.C.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Siracusa L, Napoli E, Ruberto G. Novel Chemical and Biological Insights of Inositol Derivatives in Mediterranean Plants. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051525. [PMID: 35268625 PMCID: PMC8912080 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositols (Ins) are natural compounds largely widespread in plants and animals. Bio-sinthetically they derive from sugars, possessing a molecular structure very similar to the simple sugars, and this aspect concurs to define them as primary metabolites, even though it is much more correct to place them at the boundary between primary and secondary metabolites. This dichotomy is well represented by the fact that as primary metabolites they are essential cellular components in the form of phospholipid derivatives, while as secondary metabolites they are involved in a plethora of signaling pathways playing an important role in the surviving of living organisms. myo-Inositol is the most important and widespread compound of this family, it derives directly from d-glucose, and all known inositols, including stereoisomers and derivatives, are the results of metabolic processes on this unique molecule. In this review, we report the new insights of these compounds and their derivatives concerning their occurrence in Nature with a particular emphasis on the plant of the Mediterranean area, as well as the new developments about their biological effectiveness.
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Modica G, Pannitteri C, Di Guardo M, La Malfa S, Gentile A, Ruberto G, Pulvirenti L, Parafati L, Continella A, Siracusa L. Influence of rootstock genotype on individual metabolic responses and antioxidant potential of blood orange cv. Tarocco Scirè. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Réggami Y, Benkhaled A, Boudjelal A, Berredjem H, Amamra A, Benyettou H, Larabi N, Senator A, Siracusa L, Ruberto G. Artemisia herba-alba aqueous extract improves insulin sensitivity and hepatic steatosis in rodent model of fructose-induced metabolic syndrome. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:541-550. [PMID: 31464524 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1659825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Fructose consumption is associated with the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in human and animal models. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the ability of an aqueous extract of Artemisia herba-alba Asso (AH) to ameliorate fructose-induced MetS in Male Wistar rats. METHODS AH extract at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w./day was administered for six weeks to MetS animals. RESULTS Liquid fructose (10% w/v) intake did not vary total animal body weight, whereas, it produced moderate hyperglycemia associated with metabolic and histological alterations. Treating MetS rats with AH extract improved insulin sensitivity, alleviated atherogenic dyslipidaemia and decreased lipid deposition in their hepatic tissues. Additionally, AH extract was found to raise GSH level and antioxidant enzymes (GPx, GST and CAT) activities in rat livers homogenates. CONCLUSION The results here reported demonstrated, for the first time, that A. herba-alba have therapeutic proprieties against fructose-induced MetS in rodent model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Réggami
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Boudiaf-M'sila University, M'sila, Algeria
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar-Annaba University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Abderrahim Benkhaled
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Boudiaf-M'sila University, M'sila, Algeria
| | - Amel Boudjelal
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Boudiaf-M'sila University, M'sila, Algeria
| | - Hajira Berredjem
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar-Annaba University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Amani Amamra
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar-Annaba University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Halima Benyettou
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Boudiaf-M'sila University, M'sila, Algeria
| | - Nadia Larabi
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Boudiaf-M'sila University, M'sila, Algeria
| | - Abderrahmane Senator
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Ferhat Abbas-Setif University, Setif, Algeria
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Catania, Italy
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Molonia MS, Occhiuto C, Muscarà C, Speciale A, Ruberto G, Siracusa L, Cristani M, Saija A, Cimino F. Effects of a pinitol-rich Glycyrrhiza glabra L. leaf extract on insulin and inflammatory signaling pathways in palmitate-induced hypertrophic adipocytes. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:4768-4775. [PMID: 34844501 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.2010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza glabra roots have been well studied for their pharmacological activities, whereas less research has been conducted on liquorice aerial parts. Leaves represent a good source of D-pinitol, useful in the treatment of insulin resistance-related pathologies. Herein, we analyzed the in vitro effects of a D-pinitol-rich methanolic extract from Glycyrrhiza glabra leaves (GGLME) against lipotoxicity-related hypertrophy, inflammation, and insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes exposed to palmitic acid (PA), comparing its activity with D-pinitol. GGLME pretreatment decreased lipid deposition, PPAR-γ, and NF-κB pathway induced by PA, similarly to D-pinitol, and improved insulin sensitivity, in presence or not of PA, increasing PI3K, pAkt, and GLUT1 levels. This study confirms that liquorice leaves, considered a waste of resource, could potentially be reused, and support further in vivo studies on animal and human models. In conclusion, liquorice leaves extract represents a potential candidate for prevention of metabolically induced inflammation, frequently leading to metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sofia Molonia
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Cristina Occhiuto
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Muscarà
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Catania, Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Catania, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonella Saija
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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15
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Parafati L, Pesce F, Siracusa L, Fallico B, Restuccia C, Palmeri R. Pomegranate Byproduct Extracts as Ingredients for Producing Experimental Cheese with Enhanced Microbiological, Functional, and Physical Characteristics. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112669. [PMID: 34828950 PMCID: PMC8621625 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate peel and mesocarp, considered as wastes of fruit processing, are rich sources of beneficial phytochemicals, including hydrolyzable tannins and flavonoids, with proven antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, which can be employed for improving the overall quality of food products. In the present study, extracts from pomegranate peel (PPW) and mesocarp (PMW) were obtained through a water extraction method and evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activity and polyphenol content. The two extracts were then added during the cheese-making process in order to create a new functional cheese with improved microbiological and physico-chemical characteristics. Antimicrobial in vitro assays evidenced a substantial efficacy of both extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, which often causes staphylococcal food poisoning outbreaks linked to the consumption of raw milk cheeses and artisanal cheeses. For this reason, a simulated cheese contamination was carried out in order to assess if pomegranate extracts can exert antimicrobial activity towards this pathogen even when incorporated into the cheese matrix. Milk enriched with pomegranate extracts (PPW and PMW) was used to produce two different experimental cheeses, which were then evaluated for yield, polyphenol content, and microbiological as well as physico-chemical traits throughout the refrigerated storage. Despite the low concentration of the extracts, the treated cheeses showed an increase in firmness and a slight decrease in S. aureus counts, of more than one log unit in comparison to the control cheese, for up to 12 d of cold storage. Such results support the reuse of agro-food byproducts, in substitution to chemical food preservatives, as the key to a circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Parafati
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; (L.P.); (F.P.); (B.F.); (R.P.)
| | - Fabiola Pesce
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; (L.P.); (F.P.); (B.F.); (R.P.)
| | - Laura Siracusa
- CNR-ICB, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
| | - Biagio Fallico
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; (L.P.); (F.P.); (B.F.); (R.P.)
| | - Cristina Restuccia
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; (L.P.); (F.P.); (B.F.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Rosa Palmeri
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; (L.P.); (F.P.); (B.F.); (R.P.)
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Chelly S, Chelly M, Occhiuto C, Cimino F, Cristani M, Saija A, Molonia MS, Ruberto G, D'Angelo V, Germanò MP, Siracusa L, Bouaziz-Ketata H, Speciale A. Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Antityrosinase Potential of Extracts from Different Aerial Parts of Rhanterium suaveolens from Tunisia. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100316. [PMID: 34114723 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The genus Rhanterium (Asteraceae) is a widely distributed medicinal plant throughout western North Africa and some Rhanterium species are used in folk medicine. The aim of research was to investigate methanolic extracts from different parts (flowers, leaves, and stems) of Tunisian Rhanterium suaveolens as potential sources of bioactive products useful for healthy purposes. In particular, were analyzed the phenolic composition of these extracts and their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tyrosinase properties. The phytochemical analyses were performed using standard colorimetric procedures, HPLC-DAD and HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. Then, several in vitro cell-free assays have been used to estimate the antioxidant/free radical scavenging capability of the extracts. Moreover, in vitro, and in vivo anti-melanogenesis activities of these extracts were tested, respectively, with the tyrosinase inhibition assay and the Zebrafish embryo model. Finally, the anti-inflammatory potential of these extracts in an in vitro model of acute intestinal inflammation in differentiated Caco-2 cells was evaluated. The R. suaveolens extracts under study appeared particularly rich in flavonols and hydroxycinnamic acids and all extracts appeared endowed with good antioxidant/free radical scavenging properties, being the flower extracts slightly more active than the others. Moreover, R. suaveolens flowers extract was able to inhibit in vitro tyrosinase activity and exhibited bleaching effects on the pigmentation of zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, all extracts showed good anti-inflammatory activity in intestinal epithelial cells as demonstrated by the inhibition of TNF-α-induced gene expression of IL-6 and IL-8. R. suaveolens aerial parts may be considered as a potential source of whitening agents, as well as of agents for the treatment of disorders related to oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrine Chelly
- Toxicology-, Microbiology- and Environmental Health Laboratory (RL 17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Meryam Chelly
- Toxicology-, Microbiology- and Environmental Health Laboratory (RL 17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Cristina Occhiuto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonina Saija
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia Molonia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria D'Angelo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Germanò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Hanen Bouaziz-Ketata
- Toxicology-, Microbiology- and Environmental Health Laboratory (RL 17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
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17
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Siracusa L, Cascio A, Giordano S, Medaglia AA, Restivo GA, Pirrone I, Saia GF, Collura F, Colomba C. Neurological complications in pediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review of the literature. Ital J Pediatr 2021; 47:123. [PMID: 34078441 PMCID: PMC8170632 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-021-01066-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, radiological data and outcome of pediatric cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection complicated by neurological involvement. STUDY DESIGN A computerized search was conducted using PubMed. An article was considered eligible if it reported data on pediatric patient(s) with neurological involvement related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also described a case of an acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in a 5-year-old girl with SARS-CoV-2 infection: this case was also included in the systematic review. RESULTS Forty-four articles reporting 59 cases of neurological manifestations in pediatric patients were included in our review. Most (32/59) cases occurred in the course of a multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Neurological disorders secondary to cerebrovascular involvement were reported in 10 cases: 4 children with an ischemic stroke, 3 with intracerebral hemorrhage, 1 with a cerebral sinus venous thrombosis, 1 with a subarachnoid hemorrhage, 1 with multiple diffuse microhemorrhages. Reversible splenial lesions were recognized in 9 cases, benign intracranial hypertension in 4 patients, meningoencephalitis in 4 cases, autoimmune encephalitis in 1 girl, cranial nerves impairment in 2 patients and transverse myelitis in 1 case. Five cases had Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and two, including ours, had ADEM. Radiological investigations were performed in almost all cases (45/60): the most recurrent radiological finding was a signal change in the splenium of the corpus callosum. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral nucleic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid was proved only in 2 cases. The outcome was favorable in almost all, except in 5 cases. CONCLUSIONS Our research highlights the large range of neurological manifestations and their presumed pathogenic pathways associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. Nervous system involvement could be isolated, developing during COVID-19 or after its recovery, or arise in the context of a MIS-C. The most reported neurological manifestations are cerebrovascular accidents, reversible splenial lesions, GBS, benign intracranial hypertension, meningoencephalitis; ADEM is also a possible complication, as we observed in our patient. Further studies are required to investigate all the neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection and their underlying pathogenic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Siracusa
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, "G. Di Cristina" Hospital, ARNAS Civico, Via dei Benedettini 1, 90134, Palermo, Italy.
| | - A Cascio
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - S Giordano
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, "G. Di Cristina" Hospital, ARNAS Civico, Via dei Benedettini 1, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - A A Medaglia
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, "G. Di Cristina" Hospital, ARNAS Civico, Via dei Benedettini 1, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - G A Restivo
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - I Pirrone
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - G F Saia
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - F Collura
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - C Colomba
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Chelly M, Chelly S, Occhiuto C, Cimino F, Cristani M, Saija A, Muscarà C, Ruberto G, Speciale A, Bouaziz-Ketata H, Siracusa L. Comparison of Phytochemical Profile and Bioproperties of Methanolic Extracts from Different Parts of Tunisian Rumex roseus. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100185. [PMID: 33860977 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The genus Rumex (Polygonaceae) is distributed worldwide and the different species belonging to it are used in traditional medicine. The present study aimed at the evaluation of the phytochemical profile and the biochemical properties of methanolic extracts from different parts (roots, stems, and leaves) of Rumex roseus, a wild local Tunisian plant traditionally used as food. The phytochemical analysis on the extracts was performed using standard colorimetric procedures, HPLC-DAD, and HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS; then, several in vitro cell-free assays have been used to estimate their antioxidant/free radical scavenging capability (TAC-PM, DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, ORAC, SOD-like activity, and HOCl-induced albumin degradation). Additionally, anti-inflammatory effect of these extracts was evaluated in an in vitro model of acute intestinal inflammation in differentiated Caco-2 cells. The results showed that the methanolic extracts from stems and, especially, leaves contain substantial amounts of flavones (apigenin and luteolin, together with their derivatives), while the extract from roots is characterized by the presence of tannins and quinic acid derivatives. All the extracts appeared endowed with excellent antioxidant/free radical scavenging properties. In particular, the extract from roots was characterized by a remarkable activity, probably due to its different and peculiar polyphenolic composition. Furthermore, both Rumex roseus roots and stems extracts demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect in intestinal epithelial cells, reducing TNF-α-induced gene expression of IL-6 and IL-8. In conclusion, R. roseus methanolic extracts have shown to be potential sources of bioactive compounds to be used in the prevention and treatment of pathologies related to oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryam Chelly
- Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health Laboratory (RL 17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sabrine Chelly
- Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health Laboratory (RL 17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Cristina Occhiuto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di, 98168, Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di, 98168, Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di, 98168, Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Antonina Saija
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di, 98168, Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Claudia Muscarà
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di, 98168, Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di, 98168, Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Hanen Bouaziz-Ketata
- Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health Laboratory (RL 17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
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Genovese C, Cambria MT, D'angeli F, Addamo AP, Malfa GA, Siracusa L, Pulvirenti L, Anfuso CD, Lupo G, Salmeri M. The double effect of walnut septum extract (Juglans regia L.) counteracts A172 glioblastoma cell survival and bacterial growth. Int J Oncol 2020; 57:1129-1144. [PMID: 33491752 PMCID: PMC7549537 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is considered to be a 'superfood' for its multiple protective actions on human health. Walnut extracts have proven antitumor activity in different cancer cell lines. However, the efficacy of septum extract against glioblastoma has still not been investigated. Glioblastoma is the most difficult type of brain cancer to treat. The standard therapy, based on temozolomide, causes several side effects, including neutropenia and lymphocytopenia, which often favor the onset of opportunistic infections. In the present study, the chemical profile of the Sicilian walnut septum ethanolic extract was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-diode array detection and HPLC-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The potential cytostatic activity of the extract against the human A172 glioblastoma cell line was investigated and the results showed that the extract could decrease cancer cell proliferation and migration. Using cytofluorimetric analyses and caspase-3 assays, the pro-apoptotic action of walnut extract was demonstrated. Furthermore, the evaluation of the antibacterial activity high-lighted the efficacy of the extract in reducing Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial growth, most of which were resistant to the antibiotic, ciprofloxacin. Finally, Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances analysis showed the predicted antitumor and antibacterial activity of HPLC detected compounds. The promising results could provide novel perspective in the field of chemotherapeutic co-adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Genovese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Microbiology Section, University of Catania, I‑95123, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Cambria
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I‑95123, Italy
| | - Floriana D'angeli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I‑95123, Italy
| | - Alessandro Paolo Addamo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Microbiology Section, University of Catania, I‑95123, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Antonio Malfa
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I‑95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR, I‑95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Luana Pulvirenti
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR, I‑95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelina Daniela Anfuso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I‑95123, Italy
| | - Gabriella Lupo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I‑95123, Italy
| | - Mario Salmeri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Microbiology Section, University of Catania, I‑95123, Italy
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Abidi J, Occhiuto C, Cimino F, Speciale A, Ruberto G, Siracusa L, Bouaziz M, Boumendjel M, Muscarà C, Saija A, Cristani M. Phytochemical and Biological Characterization of Methanolic Extracts from
Rumex algeriensis
and
Rumex tunetanus. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000345. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jouda Abidi
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et EnvironnementEcole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de SfaxUniversité de Sfax BP1173, 3038 Sfax Tunisia
| | - Cristina Occhiuto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di Messina Viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di Messina Viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di Messina Viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR) Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 95126 Catania Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR) Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 95126 Catania Italy
| | - Mohamed Bouaziz
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et EnvironnementEcole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de SfaxUniversité de Sfax BP1173, 3038 Sfax Tunisia
| | - Mahieddine Boumendjel
- Laboratoire Biochimie et Toxicologie EnvironnementaleUniversité Badji Mokhtar Annaba 23000 Annaba Algeria
| | - Claudia Muscarà
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di Messina Viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy
| | - Antonina Saija
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di Messina Viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di Messina Viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy
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21
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Bassel LL, Co C, Macdonald A, Sly L, McCandless EE, Hewson J, Tiwari R, Sharif S, Siracusa L, Clark ME, Caswell JL. Pulmonary and systemic responses to aerosolized lysate of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in calves. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:168. [PMID: 32471444 PMCID: PMC7260748 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02383-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Constitutive and inducible defenses protect the respiratory tract from bacterial infection. The objective of this study was to characterize the response to an aerosolized lysate of killed bacteria, as a basis for studying the regulation and in vivo effects of these inducible innate immune responses. Results Bacterial lysate consisting of heat-killed and sonicated Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was aerosolized to 6 calves and systemic and pulmonary innate immune and inflammatory responses were measured in the first 24 h relative to baseline. Evaluated parameters included clinical parameters (body temperature and heart and respiratory rates), blood acute phase proteins and leukocyte counts, and leukocytes and proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Mild clinical signs with increased heart rates and rectal temperatures developed following administration of the lysate, with resolution by 24 h. Serum haptoglobin and plasma fibrinogen concentrations were elevated at 24 h relative to baseline. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) had increased cellularity and increased proportion of neutrophils, as well as higher concentrations of interleukin (IL)-8, IL-10 and total protein at 24 h relative to baseline. Mass spectrometry identified 965 unique proteins in BALF: 19 proteins were increased and 26 proteins were decreased relative to baseline. The upregulated proteins included those involved in innate immunity including activation of complement, neutrophils and platelets. At postmortem examination, calves receiving higher doses of lysate had areas of lobular consolidation and interlobular edema. Histologically, neutrophils were present within bronchioles and to a lesser extent within alveoli. Calves receiving highest doses of lysate had patchy areas of neutrophils, hemorrhage and hyaline membranes within alveoli. Conclusions Aerosolization of bacterial lysate stimulated an innate immune response in lungs and airways, with alveolar damage observed at higher doses. Such a stimulus could be of value for investigating the effects of inducible innate immune responses on occurrence of disease, or for evaluating how stress, drugs or genetics affect these dynamic responses of the respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Bassel
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Carmon Co
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Alaina Macdonald
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Laurel Sly
- Global Therapeutics Research, Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis Inc., Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Erin E McCandless
- Global Therapeutics Research, Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis Inc., Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Joanne Hewson
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raksha Tiwari
- Global Therapeutics Research, Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis Inc., Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Shayan Sharif
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Mary Ellen Clark
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jeff L Caswell
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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22
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Napoli E, Siracusa L, Ruberto G. New Tricks for Old Guys: Recent Developments in the Chemistry, Biochemistry, Applications and Exploitation of Selected Species from the Lamiaceae Family. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e1900677. [PMID: 31967708 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lamiaceae is one of the largest families of flowering plants comprising about 250 genera and over 7,000 species. Most of the plants of this family are aromatic and therefore important source of essential oils. Lamiaceae are widely used as culinary herbs and reported as medicinal plants in several folk traditions. In the Mediterranean area oregano, sage, rosemary, thyme and lavender stand out for geographical diffusion and variety of uses. The aim of this review is to provide recent data dealing with the phytochemical and pharmacological studies, and the more recent applications of the essential oils and the non-volatile phytocomplexes. This literature survey suggests how the deeper understanding of biomolecular processes in the health and food sectors as per as pest control bioremediation of cultural heritage, or interaction with human microbiome, fields, leads to the rediscovery and new potential applications of well-known plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Napoli
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, IT-95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, IT-95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, IT-95126, Catania, Italy
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23
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Napoli E, Siracusa L, Ruberto G. Front Cover: New Tricks for Old Guys: Recent Developments in the Chemistry, Biochemistry, Applications and Exploitation of Selected Species from the Lamiaceae Family (C&B 3/2020). Chem Biodivers 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Napoli
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 IT-95126 Catania Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 IT-95126 Catania Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 IT-95126 Catania Italy
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24
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Ouerghemmi S, Sebei H, Siracusa L, Ruberto G, Saija A, Khebour Allouche F, Dhaouadi K, Cimino F, Cristani M. LC-DAD-ESI-MS and HPLC-DAD phytochemical investigation and in vitro antioxidant assessment of Rosa sp. stem pruning products from different northern areas in Tunisia. Phytochem Anal 2020; 31:98-111. [PMID: 31343123 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saloua Ouerghemmi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Contrada Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
- Laboratoire de Systèmes de Production Agricoles et Développement Durable, Ecole Supérieure d'Agriculture de Mograne, Université de Carthage, 1121 Mograne, Zaghouan, Tunisia
| | - Houcine Sebei
- Laboratoire de Systèmes de Production Agricoles et Développement Durable, Ecole Supérieure d'Agriculture de Mograne, Université de Carthage, 1121 Mograne, Zaghouan, Tunisia
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (CNR-ICB), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 - 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (CNR-ICB), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 - 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonina Saija
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Contrada Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Faiza Khebour Allouche
- Horticultural Science and Landscape Department, Higher Institute of Agronomy of Chott-Mariem, University of Sousse, B. P 47, 4042 Chott Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Karima Dhaouadi
- Laboratoire de Systèmes de Production Agricoles et Développement Durable, Ecole Supérieure d'Agriculture de Mograne, Université de Carthage, 1121 Mograne, Zaghouan, Tunisia
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Contrada Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Contrada Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
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25
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Palmeri R, Parafati L, Trippa D, Siracusa L, Arena E, Restuccia C, Fallico B. Addition of Olive Leaf Extract (OLE) for Producing Fortified Fresh Pasteurized Milk with An Extended Shelf Life. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8080255. [PMID: 31366135 PMCID: PMC6720734 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
An olive leaf extract (OLE) has been tested in vitro for its antibacterial activity and ability to inhibit α-glucosidase enzyme. OLE was also evaluated for its potential, when added to pasteurized milk, to preserve nutritional parameters and to limit microbial growth, thus prolonging shelf life. In vitro assays demonstrated a strong antibacterial efficacy of OLE mainly against Bacillus cereus and the capacity to inhibit α-glucosidase enzyme (IC50) when used at 0.2 mg oleuropein/mL. The milk fortification with OLE at 3.6 mg of oleuropein/mL of milk reduced total mesophilic bacteria at undetectable level after 6 d (expiration date) and by 1 log CFU/mL after 10 d. Moreover, OLE addition at 1.44 and 3.6 mg of oleuropein/mL of milk significantly reduced fat and lactose losses up to 10 d. The results motivate the use of the OLE to make a new functional milk with an extended shelf life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Palmeri
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Parafati
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Daniela Trippa
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- CNR-ICB, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Elena Arena
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Restuccia
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Biagio Fallico
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
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26
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Patanè C, Malvuccio A, Saita A, Rizzarelli P, Siracusa L, Rizzo V, Muratore G. Nutritional changes during storage in fresh-cut long storage tomato as affected by biocompostable polylactide and cellulose based packaging. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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27
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Siracusa L, Napoli E, Tuttolomondo T, Licata M, La Bella S, Gennaro MC, Leto C, Sarno M, Sperlinga E, Ruberto G. A Two-Year Bio-Agronomic and Chemotaxonomic Evaluation of Wild Sicilian Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) Berries and Leaves. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1800575. [PMID: 30561831 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201800575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A collection of nine Myrtus communis samples from different localities of Sicily was evaluated. Morphological traits and production characteristics have been chosen as parameters to arrange the samples into homogeneous groups and to identify the best biotypes for possible future agro-industrial exploitation. The plant material has been subjected to taxonomic characterization from biometric and phytochemical perspectives. Myrtle berries and leaves have been analyzed for their content in metabolites, applying a cascade extraction protocol for M. communis leaves and a single hydroalcoholic extraction for berries, whereas hydrodistillation procedures have been applied to obtain the essential oils from berries and leaves. The analyses of non-volatile components were carried out by LC-UV-DAD-ESI-MS. All the extracts were characterized by the presence of numerous polyphenols, namely highly hydroxylated flavonols such as quercetin and myricetin; and ellagic acid detected in all samples. In addition, myrtle berries contained nine different anthocyanins, namely delphinidin, petunidin, cyanidin and malvidin derivatives. The essential oils (EOs) were analyzed by a combination of GC-FID and GC/MS. A total of 33 and 34 components were fully characterized with the predominance of α-pinene, myrtenyl acetate, linalool, 1,8-cineole and linalyl acetate. All phytochemical profiles were subjected to cluster analyses, which allowed subdividing the myrtle samples in different chemical groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 -, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Edoardo Napoli
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 -, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Teresa Tuttolomondo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali (SAAF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 13 -, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Licata
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali (SAAF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 13 -, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore La Bella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali (SAAF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 13 -, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Gennaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali (SAAF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 13 -, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudio Leto
- Co.Ri.S.S.I.A. Consorzio di ricerca per lo Sviluppo di Sistemi Innovativi Agroambientali, Viale Libertà, 203 -, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mauro Sarno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali (SAAF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 13 -, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Elisa Sperlinga
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 -, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 -, 95126, Catania, Italy
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Napoli E, Siracusa L, Ruberto G, Carrubba A, Lazzara S, Speciale A, Cimino F, Saija A, Cristani M. Phytochemical profiles, phototoxic and antioxidant properties of eleven Hypericum species - A comparative study. Phytochemistry 2018; 152:162-173. [PMID: 29775867 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Hypericum is one out of the nine genera belonging to the botanical family Clusiaceae Lindl (syn. Hypericaceae Juss.; APG III, 2009). The genus contains 484 species spread worldwide, one of which, Hypericum perforatum, is largely used in folk medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition, along with the antioxidant and phototoxic activity, of 11 Hypericum species grown in Sicily (H. perforatum L., H. aegypticum L., H. androsaemum L., H. calycinum L., H. hircinum L., H. hirsutum L., H. montanum L., H. patulum Thunb., H. perfoliatum L., H. pubescens Boiss., H. tetrapterum Fr.). Samples of flowering tops collected from these Hypericum species were extracted and analysed by high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection and mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS) to determine their content of main polyphenols, acylphloroglucinols, and naphthodianthrones. The extracts were also subjected to a photocytotoxic assay using murine fibroblast (NIH/3T3), and their antioxidant activity evaluated by means of Folin-Ciocalteau, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, and oxygen radical antioxidant capacity assays. Phytochemical analysis allowed us to identify and quantify 20 metabolites, each of them possessing a well-known biological activity. Furthermore, all examined species showed a good cytotoxic and antioxidant/radical scavenging activity. These results indicate that in addition to the well-known H. perforatum, at least other three species (H. tetrapterum, H. pubescens, and H. montanum) represent potential sources of biologically active compounds, and at least other two species (H. perfoliatum and H. tetrapterum), due to their phototoxicity are candidates for application in photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Napoli
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Carrubba
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Università di Palermo, Viale delle scienze, Ed. 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvia Lazzara
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria - Centro di Ricerca Difesa e Certificazione (CREA), s.s. 113-Km 245,500, 90011 Bagheria, PA, Italy
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Antonella Saija
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale Annunziata, Italy
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Patanè C, Pellegrino A, Saita A, Siracusa L, Ruberto G, Barbagallo R. Mediterranean long storage tomato as a source of novel products for the agrifood industry: Nutritional and technological traits. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lo Bianco M, Siracusa L, Dattilo S, Venora G, Ruberto G. Phenolic Fingerprint of Sicilian Modern Cultivars and Durum Wheat Landraces: A Tool to Assess Biodiversity. Cereal Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-06-17-0125-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Lo Bianco
- Stazione Consorziale Sperimentale di Granicoltura per la Sicilia, Via Sirio, 1 – 95041 Borgo Santo Pietro, Caltagirone (CT), Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- CNR – Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (ICB), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 – 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Sandro Dattilo
- CNR – Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali (IPCB), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 – 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Venora
- Stazione Consorziale Sperimentale di Granicoltura per la Sicilia, Via Sirio, 1 – 95041 Borgo Santo Pietro, Caltagirone (CT), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- CNR – Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (ICB), Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 – 95126 Catania, Italy
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Siracusa L, Patanè C, Rizzo V, Cosentino SL, Ruberto G. Targeted secondary metabolic and physico-chemical traits analysis to assess genetic variability within a germplasm collection of "long storage" tomatoes. Food Chem 2017; 244:275-283. [PMID: 29120782 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
"Long storage" tomato is a crop traditionally cultivated in the Mediterranean area under no water supply, that recently has attracted the interest of breeders for its high tolerance to drought and as potential genetic source in breeding programs for water stress resistance. A collection of 28 genotypes of "long storage" tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) was studied for carotenoid and polyphenol profile and content, vitamin C, and other physico-chemical traits of fruits. Tomato carotenoids and polyphenols were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and electrospray-mass spectrometry (HPLC/DAD/ESI-MS); nineteen different phenolic compounds and six different carotenoids, for a total of 25 markers, have been detected, quantified and used to discriminate among the different landraces to find out which could be the best candidate for a medium-to-large scale cultivation. Different statistical approaches (ANOVA, Principal Components Analysis, Cluster Analysis) have been used for data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Siracusa
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (CNR-ICB), Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
| | - Cristina Patanè
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto per la Valorizzazione del Legno e delle Specie Arboree (CNR-IVALSA), Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
| | - Valeria Rizzo
- Di3A - Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione ed Ambiente - Università degli Studi di Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Luciano Cosentino
- Di3A - Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione ed Ambiente - Università degli Studi di Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (CNR-ICB), Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
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Siracusa L, Gresta F, Sperlinga E, Ruberto G. Effect of sowing time and soil water content on grain yield and phenolic profile of four buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) varieties in a Mediterranean environment. J Food Compost Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Palmeri R, Restuccia C, Monteleone JI, Sperlinga E, Siracusa L, Serafini M, Finamore A, Spagna G. Bioactivity Improvement of Olea europaea Leaf Extract Biotransformed by Wickerhamomyces anomalus Enzymes. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2017; 72:211-218. [PMID: 28503711 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-017-0612-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Olive leaves represent a quantitatively significant by-product of agroindustry. They are rich in phenols, mainly oleuropein, which can be hydrolyzed into several bioactive compounds, including hydroxytyrosol. In this study, water extract from olive leaves 'Biancolilla' was analyzed for polyphenol profile, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity and protective effect on differentiated Caco-2 cells. The efficacy of two enzymatic treatments in promoting the release of bioactive phenols was investigated: a) enzymatic extract from Wickerhamomyces anomalus, characterized by β-glucosidase and esterase activities; b) commercial β-glucosidase. Composition and bioactivity of the resulting extracts were compared. The results showed that the yeast-treated extract presented hydroxytyrosol content and DPPH radical scavenging activity comparable to those obtained using commercial β-glucosidase; however, it was showed the additional presence of hydroxycinnamic acids. In experiments on Caco-2 cells, the leaf extracts promoted the recovery of cell membrane barrier at different minimum effective concentrations. The high specificity of W. anomalus enzymatic extract may represent an effective tool for the release of bioactive phenols from olive by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Palmeri
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Restuccia
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Julieta Ines Monteleone
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Elisa Sperlinga
- CNR-ICB, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- CNR-ICB, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Mauro Serafini
- Functional Food and Metabolic Stress Prevention Laboratory, Faculty of BioSciences and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, via R. Balzarini 1, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Alberto Finamore
- CREA NUT, Centro di Ricerca per gli Alimenti e la Nutrizione- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Spagna
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy
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Saija A, Speciale A, Trombetta D, Leto C, Tuttolomondo T, La Bella S, Licata M, Virga G, Bonsangue G, Gennaro MC, Napoli E, Siracusa L, Ruberto G. Phytochemical, Ecological and Antioxidant Evaluation of Wild Sicilian Thyme: Thymbra capitata
(L.) Cav
. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:1641-1655. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Saija
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali; Università di Messina; Contrada Annunziata IT-98168 Messina
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali; Università di Messina; Contrada Annunziata IT-98168 Messina
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali; Università di Messina; Contrada Annunziata IT-98168 Messina
| | - Claudio Leto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (SAF); Università di Palermo; Viale delle Scienze 13 IT-90128 Palermo
| | - Teresa Tuttolomondo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (SAF); Università di Palermo; Viale delle Scienze 13 IT-90128 Palermo
| | - Salvatore La Bella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (SAF); Università di Palermo; Viale delle Scienze 13 IT-90128 Palermo
| | - Mario Licata
- Co.Ri.S.S.I.A. Consorzio di Ricerca per lo Sviluppo di Sistemi Innovativi Agroambientali; Via Libertà 203 IT-90100 Palermo
| | - Giuseppe Virga
- Co.Ri.S.S.I.A. Consorzio di Ricerca per lo Sviluppo di Sistemi Innovativi Agroambientali; Via Libertà 203 IT-90100 Palermo
| | - Giuseppe Bonsangue
- Co.Ri.S.S.I.A. Consorzio di Ricerca per lo Sviluppo di Sistemi Innovativi Agroambientali; Via Libertà 203 IT-90100 Palermo
| | - Maria Cristina Gennaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (SAF); Università di Palermo; Viale delle Scienze 13 IT-90128 Palermo
| | - Edoardo Napoli
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare; Via Paolo Gaifami 18 IT-95126 Catania
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare; Via Paolo Gaifami 18 IT-95126 Catania
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare; Via Paolo Gaifami 18 IT-95126 Catania
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Colomba C, Di Carlo P, Guadagnino G, Siracusa L, Trizzino M, Gioè C, Cascio A. A Case of Epididymo-orchitis after intravesical bacille Calmette-Guérin therapy for superficial bladder carcinoma in a patient with latent tuberculosis infection. Infect Agent Cancer 2016; 11:25. [PMID: 27257433 PMCID: PMC4890504 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-016-0072-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intravesical instillation of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been established as efficient therapy for superficial bladder carcinoma. Overall, intravesical BCG is well tolerated and results in complications of less than 5 %. However, adverse effects such as granulomatous prostatitis, pneumonitis, hepatitis, sepsis, and hypersensitivity reactions may occur. The reported rate for tuberculous orchitis after BCG intravesical therapy is 0.4 %. Findings We report a case of monolateral tuberculous orchitis occurring one month after the second course of intravescical instillation of bacille Calmette-Guérin in a patient with proven superficial bladder carcinoma and latent tuberculosis infection. Conclusions In our opinion intravesical instillation of BCG should be considered on an individual patient basis, with full patient disclosure of the potentially significant risks. A screening with an intradermal Mantoux before starting the first cycle of BCG instillation should be recommended and isoniazid would be indicated as the treatment for latent tuberculosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Colomba
- Dipartimento di scienze per la promozione della salute e materno-infantile, Università di Palermo, via del vespro 129, Palermo, 90127 Italy
| | - P Di Carlo
- Dipartimento di scienze per la promozione della salute e materno-infantile, Università di Palermo, via del vespro 129, Palermo, 90127 Italy
| | - G Guadagnino
- Dipartimento di scienze per la promozione della salute e materno-infantile, Università di Palermo, via del vespro 129, Palermo, 90127 Italy
| | - L Siracusa
- Dipartimento di scienze per la promozione della salute e materno-infantile, Università di Palermo, via del vespro 129, Palermo, 90127 Italy
| | - M Trizzino
- Dipartimento di scienze per la promozione della salute e materno-infantile, Università di Palermo, via del vespro 129, Palermo, 90127 Italy
| | - C Gioè
- Dipartimento di scienze per la promozione della salute e materno-infantile, Università di Palermo, via del vespro 129, Palermo, 90127 Italy
| | - A Cascio
- Dipartimento di scienze per la promozione della salute e materno-infantile, Università di Palermo, via del vespro 129, Palermo, 90127 Italy
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Napoli EM, Siracusa L, Saija A, Speciale A, Trombetta D, Tuttolomondo T, La Bella S, Licata M, Virga G, Leone R, Leto C, Rubino L, Ruberto G. Wild Sicilian rosemary: phytochemical and morphological screening and antioxidant activity evaluation of extracts and essential oils. Chem Biodivers 2016; 12:1075-94. [PMID: 26172328 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201400274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To identify the best biotypes, an extensive survey of Sicilian wild rosemary was carried out by collecting 57 samples from various sites, followed by taxonomic characterization from an agronomic perspective. All the biotypes collected were classified as Rosmarinus officinalis L. A cluster analysis based on the morphological characteristics of the plants allowed the division of the biotypes into seven main groups, although the characteristics examined were found to be highly similar and not area-dependent. Moreover, all samples were analyzed for their phytochemical content, applying an extraction protocol to obtain the nonvolatile components and hydrodistillation to collect the essential oils for the volatile components. The extracts were characterized by LC-UV-DAD/ESI-MS, and the essential oils by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses. In the nonvolatile fractions, 18 components were identified, namely, 13 flavones, two organic acids, and three diterpenes. In the volatile fractions, a total of 82 components were found, with as predominant components α-pinene and camphene among the monoterpene hydrocarbons and 1,8-cineole, camphor, borneol, and verbenone among the oxygenated monoterpenes. Cluster analyses were carried out on both phytochemical profiles, allowing the separation of the rosemary samples into different chemical groups. Finally, the total phenol content and the antioxidant activity of the essential oils and extracts were determined with the Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) colorimetric assay, the UV radiation-induced peroxidation in liposomal membranes (UV-IP test), and the scavenging activity of the superoxide radical (O$\rm{{_{2}^{{^\cdot} -}}}$). The present study confirmed that the essential oils and organic extracts of the Sicilian rosemary samples analyzed showed a considerable antioxidant/free radical-scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo M Napoli
- Istituto del C.N.R. di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, IT-95126 Catania, (phone: +39-0957338347; fax: +39-0957338310)
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del C.N.R. di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, IT-95126 Catania, (phone: +39-0957338347; fax: +39-0957338310)
| | - Antonella Saija
- Dipartimento Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Università di Messina, Contrada Annunziata, IT-98168 Messina
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Dipartimento Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Università di Messina, Contrada Annunziata, IT-98168 Messina
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Dipartimento Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Università di Messina, Contrada Annunziata, IT-98168 Messina
| | - Teresa Tuttolomondo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (SAF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 13, IT-90128 Palermo
| | - Salvatore La Bella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (SAF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 13, IT-90128 Palermo
| | - Mario Licata
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (SAF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 13, IT-90128 Palermo
| | - Giuseppe Virga
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (SAF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 13, IT-90128 Palermo
| | - Raffaele Leone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (SAF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 13, IT-90128 Palermo
| | - Claudio Leto
- Co.Ri.S.S.I.A. Consorzio di Ricerca per lo Sviluppo di Sistemi Innovativi Agroambientali, Via Libertà 203, IT-90100 Palermo
| | - Laura Rubino
- Istituto del C.N.R. di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, IT-95126 Catania, (phone: +39-0957338347; fax: +39-0957338310)
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto del C.N.R. di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, IT-95126 Catania, (phone: +39-0957338347; fax: +39-0957338310).
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Rizzo V, Clifford MN, Brown JE, Siracusa L, Muratore G. Effects of processing on the polyphenol and phenolic acid content and antioxidant capacity of semi-dried cherry tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum M.). J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:2040-2046. [PMID: 26089187 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was performed to test the effects of pre-treating cherry tomatoes with a solution containing citric acid-NaCl-CaCl2 (10:10:24 g L(-1)), followed by one of three different drying regimes (40, 60, 80 °C) on the antioxidant capacity of their aqueous extracts and the extent of phenolic compound degradation. RESULTS Chlorogenic acids, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, rutin and naringenin were all detected in the aqueous extracts. In fresh cherry tomatoes the predominant phenolic compound was rutin, followed by naringenin, which corresponded to 79% and 8% of the total phenolic compounds present, respectively. Pre-treatment was protective towards naringenin and had a modest protective effect on rutin and ferulic acid (0.1 > P > 0.05). Total phenolic content was similar in all samples, but there was a trend for the level of free polyphenols to be lower in treated tomatoes. The destruction of naringenin was confirmed by liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric data. CONCLUSION A significant effect of temperature on the antioxidant capacity was observed. After this treatment the industry might introduce some advances in the processing of tomatoes, preserving the main nutritive characteristics and saving the products as semi-dried.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Rizzo
- Di3A - Department of Agricultural, Food Nutrition and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 98, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Mike N Clifford
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Jonathan E Brown
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Muratore
- Di3A - Department of Agricultural, Food Nutrition and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 98, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Boudjelal A, Siracusa L, Henchiri C, Sarri M, Abderrahim B, Baali F, Ruberto G. Antidiabetic Effects of Aqueous Infusions of Artemisia herba-alba and Ajuga iva in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats. Planta Med 2015; 81:696-704. [PMID: 26018915 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1546006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aqueous infusions of the aerial parts of Artemisia herba-alba Asso and Ajuga iva Schreber, prepared in accordance with the traditional procedure used in the local folk medicine, have been analysed for their composition and content of phytochemical constituents and examined for their antidiabetic effectiveness in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of A. herba-alba and A. iva infusions was studied in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats, which were randomly divided into nine groups, each group consisting of six animals. The drug preparations (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg b. w.) of each plant were given orally to the rats of each group twice daily for 15 days. Compositional analysis of the aqueous infusions revealed the presence of several polyphenols as main components. A. herba-alba infusion was characterised by mono- and di-cinnamoylquinic acids, with 5-caffeoylquinic (chlorogenic) acid being the main compound, followed by 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. Vicenin-2 (apigenin 6,8-di-C-glucoside) appeared to be the most abundant among flavonoids. On the other hand, A. iva showed the exclusive presence of flavonoids, with the flavanone naringin present in relatively high levels together with several apigenin (flavone) derivatives. Oral administration of 300 mg/kg b. w. of the aqueous infusions of A. herba-alba and A. iva exhibited a significant reduction in blood glucose content, showing a much more efficient antidiabetic activity compared to glibenclamide, the oral hypoglycaemic agent used as a positive control in this study. These results suggest that A. herba-alba and A. iva possess significant antidiabetic activity, as they were able to improve the biochemical damage in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Boudjelal
- Département de Microbiologie et Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de M'sila, M'sila, Algérie
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Catania, Italy
| | - Cherifa Henchiri
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Université Badji Mokhtar, Annaba, Algérie
| | - Madani Sarri
- Département des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de M'sila, M'sila, Algérie
| | - Benkhaled Abderrahim
- Département de Microbiologie et Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de M'sila, M'sila, Algérie
| | - Faiza Baali
- Département des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de M'sila, M'sila, Algérie
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Trombetta D, Giofrè SV, Tomaino A, Raciti R, Saija A, Cristani M, Romeo R, Siracusa L, Ruberto G. Selective COX-2 Inhibitory Properties of Dihydrostilbenes from Liquorice Leaves–In Vitro Assays and Structure/Activity Relationship Study. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400901226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three dihydrostilbenes belonging to the polyphenol pool characterized in the leaves of Sicilian liquorice ( Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) have been tested for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The three dihydrostilbenes (PA-82, GA-23, DO-07) were in vitro tested to evaluate their capability to scavenge the stable radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and to decrease thromboxane B2 (TxB2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release in human whole blood samples. On the basis of the observed capability of these compounds to affect the cell COX-1/COX-2 pathway, a molecular docking study was carried out in order to understand in detail the ability of these compounds to bind to COX-1 and COX-2. The results show that the liquorice dihydrostilbenes are preferred ligands for COX-2 rather than for COX-1, providing a good rational for the observed selectivity in ex vivo experiments. Therefore, they appear to be good candidates for employment in human therapy against inflammation-related pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Trombetta
- Dipartimento Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Università di Messina, Contrada Annunziata, I-98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore V. Giofrè
- Dipartimento Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Università di Messina, Contrada Annunziata, I-98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Tomaino
- Dipartimento Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Università di Messina, Contrada Annunziata, I-98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberto Raciti
- Dipartimento Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Università di Messina, Contrada Annunziata, I-98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonella Saija
- Dipartimento Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Università di Messina, Contrada Annunziata, I-98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Dipartimento Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Università di Messina, Contrada Annunziata, I-98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberto Romeo
- Dipartimento Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Università di Messina, Contrada Annunziata, I-98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del C.N.R. di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 I-95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruberto
- Istituto del C.N.R. di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18 I-95126 Catania, Italy
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Trombetta D, Giofrè SV, Tomaino A, Raciti R, Saija A, Cristani M, Romeo R, Siracusa L, Ruberto G. Selective COX-2 inhibitory properties of dihydrostilbenes from liquorice leaves--in vitro assays and structure/activity relationship study. Nat Prod Commun 2014; 9:1761-1764. [PMID: 25632479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Three dihydrostilbenes belonging to the polyphenol pool characterized in the leaves of Sicilian liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) have been tested for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The three dihydrostilbenes (PA-82, GA-23, DO-07) were in vitro tested to evaluate their capability to scavenge the stable radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and to decrease thromboxane B2 (TxB2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release in human whole blood samples. On the basis of the observed capability of these compounds to affect the cell COX-1/COX-2 pathway, a molecular docking study was carried out in order to understand in detail the ability of these compounds to bind to COX-1 and COX-2. The results show that the liquorice dihydrostilbenes are preferred ligands for COX-2 rather than for COX-1, providing a good rational for the observed selectivity in ex vivo experiments. Therefore, they appear to be good candidates for employment in human therapy against inflammation-related pathological conditions.
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Cimino F, Speciale A, Siracusa L, Naccari C, Saija A, Mancari F, Raciti R, Cristani M, Trombetta D. Cytotoxic effects induced in vitro by organic extracts from urban air particulate matter in human leukocytes. Drug Chem Toxicol 2013; 37:32-9. [PMID: 24195653 DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2013.806529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Urban areas represent major pollution sources as a result of anthropogenic activities located in these districts. Among the legislated air pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are mostly adsorbed on the surface of dust particles, are known for their adverse health effects. The present study has been carried out to examine the cytotoxic effects induced in vitro on human peripheral monocytes (PBMCs) by extractable organic matter (EOM) from PM10 (characterized for its PAH content) collected at four sites in the urban center of Messina, Italy. Chromatographic analyses showed the presence of PAHs in all EOM. Only EOM from one site induced a marked cell death probably resulting from the highest PAH content in this sample. Conversely, apoptosis activation was evident after PBMC exposure to all the EOM tested. These apoptotic effects do not appear related only to the total PAH content, but are probably influenced by chemical composition. In conclusion, our findings confirm that the cytotoxic potential of organic matter associated to ambient respirable air particles depends predominantly on the quantity and quality of the chemicals contained in it. In particular, the present data strongly evidence that the only evaluation of air concentration of particulate matter and benzo[a]pyrene, as well as the generally used risk models based on additivity, are not sufficient to evaluate air quality and PAH effect on human health because they do not take into account the possible inhibitory or synergic or antagonistic effect of combined exposure and the interference of other organic compounds present in respirable matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cimino
- Department Farmaco-Biologico, School of Pharmacy, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata , Messina , Italy and
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Siracusa L, Avola G, Patanè C, Riggi E, Ruberto G. Re-evaluation of traditional Mediterranean foods. The local landraces of 'Cipolla di Giarratana' (Allium cepa L.) and long-storage tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum L.): quality traits and polyphenol content. J Sci Food Agric 2013; 93:3512-3519. [PMID: 23633295 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heightened consumer awareness for food safety is reflected in the demand for products with well-defined individual characteristics due to specific production methods, composition and origin. In this context, of pivotal importance is the re-evaluation of folk/traditional foods by properly characterizing them in terms of peculiarity and nutritional value. The subjects of this study are two typical Mediterranean edible products. The main morphological, biometrical and productive traits and polyphenol contents of three onion genotypes ('Cipolla di Giarratana', 'Iblea' and 'Tonda Musona') and three long-storage tomato landraces ('Montallegro', 'Filicudi' and 'Principe Borghese') were investigated. RESULTS Sicilian onion landraces were characterized by large bulbs, with 'Cipolla di Giarratana' showing the highest bulb weight (605 g), yield (151 t ha(-1)) and total polyphenol content (123.5 mg kg(-1)). Landraces of long-storage tomato were characterized by low productivity (up to 20 t ha(-1)), but more than 70% of the total production was obtained with the first harvest, allowing harvest costs to be reduced. High contents of polyphenols were found, probably related to the typical small fruit size and thick skin characterizing these landraces. CONCLUSION The present study overviews some of the most important traits that could support traditional landrace characterization and their nutritional value assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126, Catania, Italy
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Riggi E, Avola G, Siracusa L, Ruberto G. Flavonol content and biometrical traits as a tool for the characterization of “Cipolla di Giarratana”: A traditional Sicilian onion landrace. Food Chem 2013; 140:810-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Tuttolomondo T, La Bella S, Licata M, Virga G, Leto C, Saija A, Trombetta D, Tomaino A, Speciale A, Napoli EM, Siracusa L, Pasquale A, Curcuruto G, Ruberto G. Biomolecular characterization of wild sicilian oregano: phytochemical screening of essential oils and extracts, and evaluation of their antioxidant activities. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:411-33. [PMID: 23495158 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An extensive survey of wild Sicilian oregano was made. A total of 57 samples were collected from various sites, followed by taxonomic characterization from an agronomic perspective. Based on morphological and production characteristics obtained from the 57 samples, cluster analysis was used to divide the samples into homogeneous groups, to identify the best biotypes. All samples were analyzed for their phytochemical content, applying a cascade-extraction protocol and hydrodistillation, to obtain the non volatile components and the essential oils, respectively. The extracts contained thirteen polyphenol derivatives, i.e., four flavanones, seven flavones, and two organic acids. Their qualitative and quantitative characterization was carried out by LC/MS analyses. The essential oils were characterized using a combination of GC-FID and GC/MS analyses; a total of 81 components were identified. The major components of the oils were thymol, p-cymene, and γ-terpinene. Cluster analysis was carried out on both phytochemical profiles and resulted in the division of the oregano samples into different chemical groups. The antioxidant activity of the essential oils and extracts was investigated by the Folin-Ciocalteau (FC) colorimetric assay, by UV radiation-induced peroxidation in liposomal membranes (UV-IP test), and by determining the O(2)(∙-)-scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Tuttolomondo
- Dipartimento dei Sistemi Agro-Ambientali (SAGA), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 13, I-90128 Palermo, Italy
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Boussahel S, Dahamna S, Ruberto G, Siracusa L, Harzallah D. Phytochemical Study and Antioxidant Activities of Leaves Extracts from Rhamnus alaternus L. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.5530/pc.2013.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Boudjelal A, Henchiri C, Siracusa L, Sari M, Ruberto G. Compositional analysis and in vivo anti-diabetic activity of wild Algerian Marrubium vulgare L. infusion. Fitoterapia 2012; 83:286-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Siracusa L, Patanè C, Avola G, Ruberto G. Polyphenols as chemotaxonomic markers in Italian "long-storage" tomato genotypes. J Agric Food Chem 2012; 60:309-314. [PMID: 22117757 DOI: 10.1021/jf203858y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
"Long-storage" tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a niche product typical of the Mediterranean area, traditionally cultivated under no water supply, the fruits of which combine a good taste with excellent nutritional properties. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and electron spray-mass spectrometry (HPLC/DAD/ESI-MS) was used to identify the phenolic profile in 10 landraces of long-storage tomato, grown under a typical semiarid climate, as compared to a processing tomato hybrid cultivated in the same environment, under both well-irrigated and unirrigated conditions. Sixteen different secondary metabolites, belonging to the classes of cinnamoylquinic acids and flavonoids, were identified. Quantitative analyses were also performed to monitor the changes in the phenolic content along the batch. The results highlighted that landraces originating from the same area exhibit different fruit morphologies but own a similar biochemical profile. Moreover, the two controls (well irrigated and unirrigated) are placed into the same cluster, suggesting that these secondary metabolites in tomato fruits may be more genetics-dependent than environment-dependent. Given the analysis of phenols nowadays represents a useful tool to assess the genetic variability in tomato, these compounds could be adopted as chemotaxonomic markers in the traceability of this niche product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
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Siracusa L, Kulisic-Bilusic T, Politeo O, Krause I, Dejanovic B, Ruberto G. Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of aqueous infusions from Capparis spinosa L. and Crithmum maritimum L. before and after submission to a two-step in vitro digestion model. J Agric Food Chem 2011; 59:12453-12459. [PMID: 22017607 DOI: 10.1021/jf203096q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the phenolic composition and antioxidant activities of aqueous infusions from wild-grown caper (Capparis spinosa L.) and sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) from the Dalmatia region (Croatia) before and after their submission to an in vitro digestion process. HPLC/UV-vis-DAD/ESI-MS analysis of the caper infusion identified rutin, kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, and isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside as dominant flavonoids in the matrix together with a series of cinnamoylquinic acid derivatives, whereas in the sea fennel aqueous infusion chlorogenic acid (5-caffeoylquinic acid), its isomers, and higher derivatives were identified as almost the sole class of phenolics. Both infusions exhibited good and dose-dependent antioxidant activity before in vitro digestion by the DPPH method, the β-carotene bleaching method, and copper-induced oxidation of human LDL. The amount of total phenolics (Folin-Ciocalteu assay) strongly decreased in digested samples (from 3.0 and 2.2% in caper and sea fennel infusions, respectively, to <1.0%), as did their antioxidant activity as measured by the three aforesaid methods. The results showed that the majority of phenolic compounds detected in both infusions are not stable under applied simulated gastrointestinal conditions and that the stability of these secondary metabolites strongly depends on the nature of the corresponding matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
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Colomba C, Saporito L, Siracusa L, Giammanco G, Bonura S, Titone L. [Mediterranean spotted fever in paediatric and adult patients: two clinical aspects of the same disease]. Infez Med 2011; 19:248-253. [PMID: 22212164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean Spotted Fever is an acute febrile disease caused by Rickettsia conorii and transmitted to humans by the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Nearly 400 cases are reported every year in Sicily, mainly from June to September. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical and laboratory features of two different groups of patients , one of adults and one of children. The analysis included all adult patients with MSF diagnosed at the Institute of Infectious Diseases, Paolo Giaccone University Polyclinic in Palermo, during the period January 2007- August 2010 and all the children diagnosed with MSF at the G. Di Cristina Children Hospital in Palermo during the period January 1997- December 2004. On admission, a complete physical and laboratory examination was carried out on every patient. An indirect immunofluorescence assay for Rickettsia conorii was performed in every case, a PCR assay was performed with blood samples from some adult patients. Analysis of the results confirms that MSF is a benign, and self-limiting disease in children, while severe complications can often arise in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Colomba
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Promozione della Salute, Sezione di Malattie Infettive, Universita degli Studi di Palermo
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Siracusa L, Saija A, Cristani M, Cimino F, D'Arrigo M, Trombetta D, Rao F, Ruberto G. Phytocomplexes from liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) leaves — Chemical characterization and evaluation of their antioxidant, anti-genotoxic and anti-inflammatory activity. Fitoterapia 2011; 82:546-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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