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Labrousse S, Nerini D, Fraser AD, Salas L, Sumner M, Le Manach F, Jenouvrier S, Iles D, LaRue M. Where to live? Landfast sea ice shapes emperor penguin habitat around Antarctica. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadg8340. [PMID: 37756400 PMCID: PMC10530227 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg8340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Predicting species survival in the face of climate change requires understanding the drivers that influence their distribution. Emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) incubate and rear chicks on landfast sea ice, whose extent, dynamics, and quality are expected to vary substantially due to climate change. Until recently, this species' continent-wide observations were scarce, and knowledge on their distribution and habitat limited. Advances in satellite imagery now allow their observation and characterization of habitats across Antarctica at high resolution. Using circumpolar high-resolution satellite images, unique fast ice metrics, and geographic and biological factors, we identified diverse penguin habitats across the continent, with no significant difference between areas with penguins or not. There is a clear geographic partitioning of colonies with respect to their defining habitat characteristics, indicating possible behavioral plasticity among different metapopulations. This coincides with geographic structures found in previous genetic studies. Given projections of quasi-extinction for this species in 2100, this study provides essential information for conservation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Labrousse
- Laboratoire d’Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentations et approches numériques (LOCEAN), UMR 7159 Sorbonne-Université, CNRS, MNHN, IRD, IPSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - David Nerini
- Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, MIO, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Alexander D. Fraser
- Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania
| | | | - Michael Sumner
- Integrated Digital East Antarctica, Australian Antarctic Division, Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia
| | | | - Stephanie Jenouvrier
- Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - David Iles
- Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Michelle LaRue
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- School of Earth and Environment, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Clark ML, Salas L, Baligar S, Quinn CA, Snyder RL, Leland D, Schackwitz W, Goetz SJ, Newsam S. The effect of soundscape composition on bird vocalization classification in a citizen science biodiversity monitoring project. ECOL INFORM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2023.102065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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LaRue M, Brooks C, Wege M, Salas L, Gardiner N. High‐resolution satellite imagery meets the challenge of monitoring remote marine protected areas in the Antarctic and beyond. Conserv Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle LaRue
- Gateway Antarctica, School of Earth and Environment University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Cassandra Brooks
- Department of Environmental Studies University of Colorado‐Boulder Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Mia Wege
- Gateway Antarctica, School of Earth and Environment University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
- Department of Zoology and Entomology University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | | | - Natasha Gardiner
- Gateway Antarctica, School of Earth and Environment University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
- Antarctica New Zealand Christchurch New Zealand
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Veloz S, Salas L, Altman B, Alexander J, Jongsomjit D, Elliott N, Ballard G. Improving effectiveness of systematic conservation planning with density data. Conserv Biol 2015; 29:1217-1227. [PMID: 25873240 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Systematic conservation planning aims to design networks of protected areas that meet conservation goals across large landscapes. The optimal design of these conservation networks is most frequently based on the modeled habitat suitability or probability of occurrence of species, despite evidence that model predictions may not be highly correlated with species density. We hypothesized that conservation networks designed using species density distributions more efficiently conserve populations of all species considered than networks designed using probability of occurrence models. To test this hypothesis, we used the Zonation conservation prioritization algorithm to evaluate conservation network designs based on probability of occurrence versus density models for 26 land bird species in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. We assessed the efficacy of each conservation network based on predicted species densities and predicted species diversity. High-density model Zonation rankings protected more individuals per species when networks protected the highest priority 10-40% of the landscape. Compared with density-based models, the occurrence-based models protected more individuals in the lowest 50% priority areas of the landscape. The 2 approaches conserved species diversity in similar ways: predicted diversity was higher in higher priority locations in both conservation networks. We conclude that both density and probability of occurrence models can be useful for setting conservation priorities but that density-based models are best suited for identifying the highest priority areas. Developing methods to aggregate species count data from unrelated monitoring efforts and making these data widely available through ecoinformatics portals such as the Avian Knowledge Network will enable species count data to be more widely incorporated into systematic conservation planning efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Veloz
- Point Blue Conservation Science, 3820 Cypress Drive #11 Petaluma, CA, 94954, U.S.A
| | - Leonardo Salas
- Point Blue Conservation Science, 3820 Cypress Drive #11 Petaluma, CA, 94954, U.S.A
| | - Bob Altman
- American Bird Conservancy, 4249 Loudon Avenue, The Plains, VA, 20198, U.S.A
| | - John Alexander
- Klamath Bird Observatory, P.O. Box 758, Ashland, OR, 97520, U.S.A
| | - Dennis Jongsomjit
- Point Blue Conservation Science, 3820 Cypress Drive #11 Petaluma, CA, 94954, U.S.A
| | - Nathan Elliott
- Point Blue Conservation Science, 3820 Cypress Drive #11 Petaluma, CA, 94954, U.S.A
| | - Grant Ballard
- Point Blue Conservation Science, 3820 Cypress Drive #11 Petaluma, CA, 94954, U.S.A
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Ruiz E, Salas L, Sohn E, Luna E, Herrera J, Quiros F. HyDRa: control of parameters for deterministic polishing. Opt Express 2013; 21:20334-20345. [PMID: 24105579 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.020334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Deterministic hydrodynamic polishing with HyDRa requires a precise control of polishing parameters, such as propelling air pressure, slurry density, slurry flux and tool height. We describe the HyDRa polishing system and prove how precise, deterministic polishing can be achieved in terms of the control of these parameters. The polishing results of an 84 cm hyperbolic mirror are presented to illustrate how the stability of these parameters is important to obtain high-quality surfaces.
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Veloz SD, Nur N, Salas L, Jongsomjit D, Wood J, Stralberg D, Ballard G. Modeling climate change impacts on tidal marsh birds: Restoration and conservation planning in the face of uncertainty. Ecosphere 2013. [DOI: 10.1890/es12-00341.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Herrera J, Vázquez S, Luna E, Salas L, Nuñez J, Sohn E, Ruiz E. Variant of the anastigmatic telescope with three mirrors for back focal length. Appl Opt 2011; 50:1905-1914. [PMID: 21532673 DOI: 10.1364/ao.50.001905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, an optical design is presented for an anastigmatic telescope with back focal length corrected with exact ray tracing to eliminate spherical, coma, and astigmatism aberrations. The telescope is formed of three conical mirrors, two of them polished on the same substratum. The optical design is divided into three stages: we began the design obtaining the Gaussian parameters in a first-order solution; posteriorly, were obtained analytically the three mirrors' asphericity in a third-order design. The final design stage consists of the implementation of the Fermat's principle, the Abbe sine condition, and the Coddington equations for the exact correction for the three aforementioned aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Herrera
- Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, Instituto de Astronomía, Observatorio Astronomico Nacional. Apdo. Postal 877, Ensenada, B. C. 22800, Mexico.
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Azúa-Bustos A, González-Silva C, Salas L, Palma RE, Vicuña R. A novel subaerial Dunaliella species growing on cave spiderwebs in the Atacama Desert. Extremophiles 2010; 14:443-52. [PMID: 20623153 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-010-0322-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Strategies for life adaptation to extreme environments often lead to novel solutions. As an example of this assertion, here we describe the first species of the well-known genus of green unicellular alga Dunaliella able to thrive in a subaerial habitat. All previously reported members of this microalga are found in extremely saline aquatic environments. Strikingly, the new species was found on the walls of a cave located in the Atacama Desert (Chile). Moreover, on further inspection we noticed that it grows upon spiderwebs attached to the walls of the entrance-twilight transition zone of the cave. This peculiar growth habitat suggests that this Dunaliella species uses air moisture condensing on the spiderweb silk threads as a source of water for doing photosynthesis in the driest desert of the world. This process of adaptation recapitulates the transition that allowed land colonization by primitive plants and shows an unexpected way of expansion of the life habitability range by a microbial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Azúa-Bustos
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Rüttimann-Johnson C, Salas L, Vicuña R, Kirk TK. Extracellular Enzyme Production and Synthetic Lignin Mineralization by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 59:1792-7. [PMID: 16348955 PMCID: PMC182163 DOI: 10.1128/aem.59.6.1792-1797.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of the white rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora to mineralize C-synthetic lignin was studied under different culture conditions, and the levels of two extracellular enzymes were monitored. The highest mineralization rates (28% after 28 days) were obtained in cultures containing a growth-limiting amount of nitrogen source (1.0 mM ammonium tartrate); under this condition, the levels of manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase present in the culture supernatant solutions were very low compared with cultures containing 10 mM of the nitrogen source. In contrast, cultures containing a limiting concentration of the carbon source (0.1% glucose) showed low levels of both enzymes and also very low mineralization rates compared with cultures containing 1% glucose. Cultures containing 11 ppm of Mn(II) showed a higher rate of mineralization than those containing 0.3 or 40 ppm of this cation. Levels of MnP and laccase were higher when 40 ppm of Mn(II) was used. Mineralization rates were slightly higher in cultures flushed daily with oxygen, whereas laccase levels were lower and MnP levels were approximately the same as in cultures maintained under an air atmosphere. The presence of 0.4 mM veratryl alcohol reduced both mineralization rates and MnP levels, without affecting laccase levels. Lignin peroxidase activity was not detected under any condition. Addition of purified lignin peroxidase to the cultures in the presence or absence of veratryl alcohol did not enhance mineralization rates significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rüttimann-Johnson
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago, Chile, and Institute for Microbial and Biochemical Technology, Forest Products Laboratory, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2398
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Anguita-Compagnon AT, Dibarrart MT, Palma J, Paredes L, Mosso C, Montalva R, Salas L, Araos D, Delgado I, Majlis A. Mobilization and collection of peripheral blood stem cells: guidelines for blood volume to process, based on CD34-positive blood cell count in adults and children. Transplant Proc 2010; 42:339-44. [PMID: 20172346 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We report 189 mobilizations and 489 collections of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) performed in 139 autologous transplantation patients and in 28 donors for allogeneic transplantations whose ages ranged from 2-68 years. We observed a correlation (P < .001; Pearson's coefficient 0.64) between CD34-positive cells and granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units examined to estimate PBSC. In a subset of 287 collections (97 adults and 49 children) we obtained peripheral blood (PB) CD34-positive cell counts at 2 to 4 hours before leukapheresis. We noted a correlation between PB CD34-positive cell counts before leukapheresis and the number of CD34-positive cells per kilogram of body weight collected in the whole apheresis of the day (P < .001; Pearson's coefficient 0.82). An even better correlation was obtained between PB CD34-positive cells preapheresis and the yield of each individual blood volume (BV) processed (P < .001; Pearson's coefficient 0.87). Healthy donors and patients in each age group behaved similarly. In addition, the collection yield was greater among children than adults. These findings allowed us to develop a simple predictive model to estimate the BV to process for a target dose of CD34-positive cells per kilogram, based on the level of PBSC before apheresis in children and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Anguita-Compagnon
- Unidad de Trasplante de Progenitores Hematopoyeticos, Clinica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile.
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De Leon RGP, Salas L, Velazco A, Yi D, Clark KA, Garrido R. O353 Evaluation of ultrasound needs in first trimester medical abortion with misoprostol. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)60725-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Azúa-Bustos A, González-Silva C, Mancilla RA, Salas L, Palma RE, Wynne JJ, McKay CP, Vicuña R. Ancient photosynthetic eukaryote biofilms in an Atacama Desert coastal cave. Microb Ecol 2009; 58:485-496. [PMID: 19259626 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-009-9500-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Caves offer a stable and protected environment from harsh and changing outside prevailing conditions. Hence, they represent an interesting habitat for studying life in extreme environments. Here, we report the presence of a member of the ancient eukaryote red algae Cyanidium group in a coastal cave of the hyperarid Atacama Desert. This microorganism was found to form a seemingly monospecific biofilm growing under extremely low photon flux levels. Our work suggests that this species, Cyanidium sp. Atacama, is a new member of a recently proposed novel monophyletic lineage of mesophilic "cave" Cyanidium sp., distinct from the remaining three other lineages which are all thermo-acidophilic. The cave described in this work may represent an evolutionary island for life in the midst of the Atacama Desert.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Azúa-Bustos
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile.
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Rodríguez-Núñez R, Álvarez E, Salas L, González-González A. Estudio de la prevalencia de la incontinencia urinaria y sus factores de riesgo en nuestro medio. Clínica e Investigación en Ginecología y Obstetricia 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0210-573x(07)74492-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Singh HB, Salas L, Herlth D, Kolyer R, Czech E, Avery M, Crawford JH, Pierce RB, Sachse GW, Blake DR, Cohen RC, Bertram TH, Perring A, Wooldridge PJ, Dibb J, Huey G, Hudman RC, Turquety S, Emmons LK, Flocke F, Tang Y, Carmichael GR, Horowitz LW. Reactive nitrogen distribution and partitioning in the North American troposphere and lowermost stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Nava-Vega A, Salas L, Luna E, Cornejo-Rodríguez A. Correlation algorithm to recover the phase of a test surface using phase-shifting interferometry. Opt Express 2004; 12:5296-5306. [PMID: 19484090 DOI: 10.1364/opex.12.005296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A correlation algorithm to recover the phase in phase-shifting interferometry is presented. We make numerical simulations to test the proposed algorithm and apply it to real interferograms with satisfactory results.
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Salinas-Luna J, Luna E, Salas L, Cruz-González I, Cornejo-Rodríguez A. Ronchi test can detect piston by means of the defocusing term. Opt Express 2004; 12:3719-3736. [PMID: 19483904 DOI: 10.1364/opex.12.003719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We present simulated results on piston detection applying the classical Ronchi test to a segmented surface. We have found that a piston error in a test segment, induces a change in the transversal aberration, that can be analyzed by mutually comparing the fringes frequency in each segment. We propose that the piston term of the segmented surface can be recovered by geometrically relating the change in transversal aberration with the piston term. To test this, we have simulated some ronchigrams for a known piston error, and we have been able to recover this term for a dynamic range comprised among 57nm and 550 microm. For piston errors > 550 microm a change in the transversal aberration can be appreciated and measured in the ronchigrams although these large pistons are now classical defocusings. Thus we have demonstrated that the Ronchi test can be an alternative method for the piston detection with a large dynamic range.
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Tello M, Corsini G, Larrondo LF, Salas L, Lobos S, Vicuña R. Characterization of three new manganese peroxidase genes from the ligninolytic basidiomycete Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. Biochim Biophys Acta 2000; 1490:137-44. [PMID: 10786628 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00227-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Three new genes (Cs-mnp2A, Cs-mnp2B and Cs-mnp3) coding for manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP) have been identified in the white-rot basidiomycete Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. The mature proteins contain 366 (MnP2A and MnP2B) and 364 (MnP3) amino acids, which are preceded by leader sequences of 21 and 24 amino acids, respectively. Cs-mnp2A and Cs-mnp2B appear to be alleles, since the corresponding protein sequences differ in only five residues. The upstream region of Cs-mnp2B contains a TATA box, AP-1 and AP-2 sites, as well as sites for transcription regulation by metals (two), cAMP (two) and xenobiotics (one). Some of these elements are also found in the regulatory region of Cs-MnP3. Transcription of Cs-mnp2A and Cs-mnp2B, but not that of Cs-mnp3, is activated by manganese.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tello
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago
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Lledó R, Salas L, González M, Rodríguez T, Sánchez M, Ranz M, Juncosa S, Tejero P, Sancho A, Trías E, Fontanet M, Pérez M, Manaut R, López A, Rodríguez P, Calero A, Asenjo MA. [The rights of the hospital patient: the knowledge and perception of their fulfillment on the part of the professional. The Group in Catalonia of the Spanish Society of Care for the Health Services User]. Rev Clin Esp 1998; 198:730-5. [PMID: 9883046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Customer Service Department includes the protection of the patient's rights. To analyze the work performed in this setting, we planned to quantitate and evaluate the knowledge and perception of fulfillment by medical staff. METHODS Multicentric cross-sectional study. The population included health care professionals in nine Catalonian hospitals. The sample was selected at random with reposition and was segmented according to professional category. Data collection was carried out by personal interview supported by a questionnaire. Differences according to institution size were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 1,014 professionals were interviewed; 84.4% reported to know the patient's rights and 64.4% to observe them. Significant differences (p < 0.05) according to institution size were observed. CONCLUSIONS Discussion and diffusion of patient's rights is an useful tool to improve knowledge and evaluate the perception of its fulfillment by health care professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lledó
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
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Lobos S, Larrondo L, Salas L, Karahanian E, Vicuña R. Cloning and molecular analysis of a cDNA and the Cs-mnp1 gene encoding a manganese peroxidase isoenzyme from the lignin-degrading basidiomycete Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. Gene X 1998; 206:185-93. [PMID: 9469932 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(97)00583-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A cDNA (MnP13-1) and the Cs-mnp1 gene encoding for an isoenzyme of manganese peroxidase (MnP) from C. subvermispora were isolated separately and sequenced. The cDNA, identified in a library constructed in the vector Lambda ZIPLOX, contains 1285 nucleotides, excluding the poly(A) tail, and has a 63% G+C content. The deduced protein sequence shows a high degree of identity with MnPs from other fungi. The mature protein contains 364 amino acids, which are preceded by a 24-amino-acid leader sequence. Consistent with the peroxidase mechanism of MnP, the proximal histidine, the distal histidine and the distal arginine are conserved, although the aromatic binding site (L/V/I-P-X-P) is less hydrophilic than those of other peroxidases. A gene coding for the same protein (Cs-mnp1) was isolated from a genomic library constructed in Lambda GEM-11 vector using the cDNA MnP13-1 as a probe. A subcloned SacI fragment of 2.5kb contained the complete sequence of the Cs-mnp1 gene, including 162bp and 770bp of the upstream and downstream regions, respectively. The Cs-mnp1 gene possesses seven short intervening sequences. The intron splice junction sequences as well as the putative internal lariat formation sites adhere to the GT-AG and CTRAY rules, respectively. To examine the structure of the regulatory region of the Cs-mnp1 gene further, a fragment of 1.9kb was amplified using inverse PCR. A putative TATAA element was identified 5' of the translational start codon. Also, an inverted CCAAT element, SP-1 and AP-2 sites and several putative heat-shock and metal response elements were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lobos
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Salas L, Gutiérrez L, Pedrayes MH, Valdez J, Carrasco C, Carrillo M, Orozco B, García B, Luna E, Ruiz E, Cuevas S, Iriarte A, Cordero A, Harris O, Quiroz F, Sohn E, Martínez LA. Active primary mirror support for the 2.1-m telescope at the San Pedro Mártir Observatory. Appl Opt 1997; 36:3708-3716. [PMID: 18253396 DOI: 10.1364/ao.36.003708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We have designed and installed a new set of actuators for the suspension of the primary mirror of the 2.1-m telescope at San Pedro Mártir. This active optics system has allowed us to correct low-order aberrations identified by several wave-front analysis techniques.
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Salas L. Variable separation in curvature sensing: fast method for solving the irradiance transport equation in the context of optical telescopes. Appl Opt 1996; 35:1593-1596. [PMID: 21085278 DOI: 10.1364/ao.35.001593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A method to evaluate wave-front aberrations in optical telescopes that is based on the method of curvature sensing but that solves the irradiance transport equation by variable separation is presented. This technique is simpler for processing than are previously released techniques and can perform more efficiently, as is required by active and adaptive optics. Testing for consistency of the method by evaluation of several sets of out-of-focus images obtained with the 2-m telescope at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México was carried out, and a stability of 10% for the derived values of Zernike coefficients was found.
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Singh HB, Herlth D, Kolyer R, Salas L, Bradshaw JD, Sandholm ST, Davis DD, Crawford J, Kondo Y, Koike M, Talbot R, Gregory GL, Sachse GW, Browell E, Blake DR, Rowland FS, Newell R, Merrill J, Heikes B, Liu SC, Crutzen PJ, Kanakidou M. Reactive nitrogen and ozone over the western Pacific: Distribution, partitioning, and sources. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Salas C, Lobos S, Larraín J, Salas L, Cullen D, Vicuña R. Properties of laccase isoenzymes produced by the basidiomycete Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 1995; 21:323-33. [PMID: 7794534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Laccase is one of the ligninolytic enzymes found in liquid cultures of the fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora in defined medium. As an approach to a clarification of the role of laccases during the attack on lignin by the fungus, the enzyme has been characterized further. The levels of this phenol oxidase increase 2-fold in the presence of p-anisidine and are severely affected when addition of either Mn(II) or Cu(II) ions to the medium is omitted. Isoelectrofocusing allowed the resolution of two laccase isoenzymes, with pIs of 3.65 and 3.59. In rich medium, laccase activity is 10-fold higher than in salt medium, and it is not affected by the external addition of p-anisidine or Mn(II). Four isoenzymes were detected in these cultures, with pIs between 3.76 and 3.60. In a wheat bran medium, four isoenzymes with pIs in the range 3.63-3.46, plus a fifth isoenzyme of high pI (4.82), were also identified. The absorption spectrum of a pool containing the four isoenzymes from rich medium shows a maximum at 600 nm, typical of laccase possessing a type I copper atom. The molecular mass of the isoenzyme with pI 3.60 is 79 kDa, as determined by SDS/PAGE. Upon treatment with endoglycosidase F, the molecular mass of this isoform decreases to 63 kDa, indicating a high degree of glycosylation. Substrate specificity studies conducted with the four isoenzymes from rich medium and a combination of isoenzymes from salt medium showed marked differences among them. The amino-terminal sequences (24 residues) of three isoenzymes isolated from rich medium were determined. Two of them are identical, whereas the third one differs from these in three amino acid residues. The consensus sequence reveals clear homology with laccases from other microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Salas
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago
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Lobos S, Larraín J, Salas L, Cullen D, Vicuña R. Isoenzymes of manganese-dependent peroxidase and laccase produced by the lignin-degrading basidiomycete Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. Microbiology (Reading) 1994; 140 ( Pt 10):2691-8. [PMID: 8000540 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-140-10-2691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The white-rot basidiomycete Ceriporiopsis subvermispora produces two families of ligninolytic enzymes, namely manganese-dependent peroxidases (MnPs) and laccases, when growing in liquid cultures of defined composition. In medium containing 11 p.p.m. of Mn(II), up to seven isoenzymes of MnP and four isoenzymes of laccase were resolved by isoelectrofocusing (IEF), with pI values in the range 4.10-4.60 and 3.45-3.65, respectively. Occasionally, a fifth laccase isoform of pI 4.70 was also detected. In cultures with 25 and 40 p.p.m. of Mn(II), mainly the MnPs with higher pI values are produced. The isoenzyme pattern of MnP is not altered throughout the growth period of the fungus. MnP and laccase are also produced by C. subvermispora when growing on wood chips of Pinus radiata. Highest levels of both enzymes were obtained during the first week of incubation. A second peak of MnP activity was observed during the fourth week, whereas very low levels of laccase were extracted from the chips after the second week of growth. IEF analysis showed that the pI values of these laccases are similar to those of laccases produced in liquid cultures, being in the range 3.45-3.65. In contrast, four isoforms of MnP were resolved during the first week of incubation on wood chips, with pI values of 4.40, 4.17, 4.04 and 3.53. This profile underwent a transition during the second week of growth, at the end of which isoforms of MnP with pI values of 3.53, 3.40, 3.30 and 3.20 were resolved by IEF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lobos
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago
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Abstract
There are numerous literature reports of oral contraceptive-induced (estrogen and progesterone) ischemic bowel disease. However, Premarin-induced (equine conjugated estrogen) intestinal ischemia has rarely been reported. We describe three cases of Premarin-induced ischemic colitis. In contrast to oral contraceptive-induced ischemic colitis, Premarin-induced ischemia is restricted to the colon, has not required surgical therapy, can have a chronic or chronic intermittent course, may be reversible despite continued usage of Premarin, and may present with nonspecific abdominal and colonic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Gurbuz
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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Katz PO, Salas L. Less frequent causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1993; 22:875-89. [PMID: 8307643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Although they account for a minority of episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, the awareness of less frequent causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding can be crucial to the endoscopist in the evaluation of the patient with bleeding. This review discusses the Dieulafoy lesion, hemobilia, gastric antral vascular ectasia, Mallory-Weiss tear, and gastroduodenal arteriovenous malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P O Katz
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Singh HB, Herlth D, O'Hara D, Salas L, Torres AL, Gregory GL, Sachse GW, Kasting JF. Atmospheric peroxyacetyl nitrate measurements over the Brazilian Amazon Basin during the wet season: Relationships with nitrogen oxides and ozone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1029/jd095id10p16945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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singh HB, Salas L, Shigeishi H, Crawford A. Urban-nonurban relationships of halocarbons, SF6, N2O, and other atmospheric trace constituents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/0004-6981(77)90044-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Lolić M, Schenone H, Saavedra T, Banda R, Villarroel F, Rojo M, Subiabre V, Arias B, Rojas A, Vicent P, Grinspun M, Sudy E, Canello J, Sepúlveda A, Salas L. [Present prevalence of scables and pediculosis capitis among public primary school children in Santiago, Chile (June-July, 1975) (author's transl)]. Bol Chil Parasitol 1975; 30:50-3. [PMID: 1212280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Vicente M, Falaha F, Vicent P, Canepa I, Riqueros S, Salas L. [Serological survey of influenza A & B in the Santiago western district (1972-1974) (author's transl)]. Rev Med Chil 1974; 102:847-9. [PMID: 4460160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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32
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Carretero A, Salas L. [Agenesis of the abdominal musculature associated with other malformations]. Rev Chil Pediatr 1965; 36:583-6. [PMID: 4222676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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