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Selvan N, Mehta N, Venkateswaran S, Brignol N, Graziano M, Sheikh MO, McAnany Y, Hung F, Madrid M, Krampetz R, Siano N, Mehta A, Brudvig J, Gotschall R, Weimer JM, Do HV. Endolysosomal N-glycan processing is critical to attain the most active form of the enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100769. [PMID: 33971197 PMCID: PMC8191302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) is a lysosomal glycogen-catabolizing enzyme, the deficiency of which leads to Pompe disease. Pompe disease can be treated with systemic recombinant human GAA (rhGAA) enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), but the current standard of care exhibits poor uptake in skeletal muscles, limiting its clinical efficacy. Furthermore, it is unclear how the specific cellular processing steps of GAA after delivery to lysosomes impact its efficacy. GAA undergoes both proteolytic cleavage and glycan trimming within the endolysosomal pathway, yielding an enzyme that is more efficient in hydrolyzing its natural substrate, glycogen. Here, we developed a tool kit of modified rhGAAs that allowed us to dissect the individual contributions of glycan trimming and proteolysis on maturation-associated increases in glycogen hydrolysis using in vitro and in cellulo enzyme processing, glycopeptide analysis by MS, and high-pH anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection for enzyme kinetics. Chemical modifications of terminal sialic acids on N-glycans blocked sialidase activity in vitro and in cellulo, thereby preventing downstream glycan trimming without affecting proteolysis. This sialidase-resistant rhGAA displayed only partial activation after endolysosomal processing, as evidenced by reduced catalytic efficiency. We also generated enzymatically deglycosylated rhGAA that was shown to be partially activated despite not undergoing proteolytic processing. Taken together, these data suggest that an optimal rhGAA ERT would require both N-glycan and proteolytic processing to attain the most efficient enzyme for glycogen hydrolysis and treatment of Pompe disease. Future studies should examine the amenability of next-generation ERTs to both types of cellular processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Selvan
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nickita Mehta
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Suresh Venkateswaran
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nastry Brignol
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew Graziano
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - M Osman Sheikh
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuliya McAnany
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Finn Hung
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew Madrid
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Renee Krampetz
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicholas Siano
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anuj Mehta
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jon Brudvig
- Pediatrics & Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Russell Gotschall
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jill M Weimer
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hung V Do
- Discovery Science Division, Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Bjerregaard T, Graziano M, Vock E, Kahlbaugh G, Houser W, Page T, Mera K, Fukushima T, Kuzumoto M, Frahm S. BioCelerate Toxicology Data Sharing initiative: Development of a centralized, searchable Preclinical Data Repository for the Biopharmaceutical Industry. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Carnevali O, Notarstefano V, Olivotto I, Graziano M, Gallo P, Di Marco Pisciottano I, Vaccari L, Mandich A, Giorgini E, Maradonna F. Dietary administration of EDC mixtures: A focus on fish lipid metabolism. Aquat Toxicol 2017; 185:95-104. [PMID: 28208108 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Many man-made chemical compounds are recognized as endocrine disruptors and once released into the environment are likely to spread and bioaccumulate in wild species. Due to their lipophilic nature, these substances pass through the cell membrane or bind to specific receptors activating physiological responses that in the long run can cause reproductive impairment, physiological disorders, including the occurrence of metabolic syndromes. One significant source of contamination is represented by the consumption of polluted food. As a consequence, different environmental pollutants, with similar or different modes of action, can accumulate in organisms and biomagnify along the food web, finally targeting humans. The aim of this study was to analyze, under controlled conditions, the effects induced by the consumption of contaminated diets, focusing on the effects exerted at hepatic level. Juvenile seabream were fed for 21days a diet enriched with different combinations of pollutants, nonylphenol (NP), tert-octylphenol (t-OP) and bisphenol A (BPA). The different diets containing 5mg/kg bw of each contaminant, were formulated as follows: NP+tOP, BPA+NP, BPA+tOP and NP+BPA+tOP (NBO). EDCs, at the doses administered, showed low biomagnification factor (BMF), suggesting that these pollutants hardly accumulate in muscles. The results obtained at hepatic level pinpointed the steatotic effect of all the administered diets, associated to a modulation of the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism (ppars, fas, lpl, and hsl). Results were compared to those obtained in previous studies in which fish were fed single pollutants evidencing that the administration of mixture of contaminants exerts a milder lipogenic effect, highlighting the contrasting/antagonistic interaction establishing among chemicals. Noteworthy was the setup of a new chromatographic method to detect the presence of the selected chemical in fish muscle and the application of Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) analysis to evaluate pollutant-induced changes in the liver macromolecular building.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Carnevali
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; INBB Consorzio Interuniversitario Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, 00136 Roma, Italy
| | - V Notarstefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - I Olivotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - M Graziano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - P Gallo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università di Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; Dipartimento di Chimica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
| | - I Di Marco Pisciottano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
| | - L Vaccari
- SISSI Beamline, Elettra Synchrotron Light Laboratory, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - A Mandich
- INBB Consorzio Interuniversitario Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, 00136 Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università di Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - E Giorgini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - F Maradonna
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; INBB Consorzio Interuniversitario Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, 00136 Roma, Italy.
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Gattás F, Vinocur A, Graziano M, Dos Santos Afonso M, Pizarro H, Cataldo D. Differential impact of Limnoperna fortunei-herbicide interaction between Roundup Max® and glyphosate on freshwater microscopic communities. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:18869-82. [PMID: 27324498 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple anthropogenic stressors act simultaneously on the environment, with consequences different from those caused by single-stressor exposure. We investigated how the combination of the invasive mussel Limnoperna fortunei and a widely applied herbicide, Roundup Max®, affected freshwater microscopic communities and water quality. Further, we compared these results with those induced by the combination of the mussel and technical-grade glyphosate. We carried out a 34-day experiment in outdoor mesocosms, applying the following six treatments: 6 mg L(-1) of technical-grade glyphosate (G), the equivalent concentration of glyphosate in Roundup Max® (R), 100 mussels (M), the combination of mussels and herbicide either in the technical-grade or formulated form (MG and MR, respectively), and control (C). Herbicides significantly increased total phosphorus in water; R and MR showed greater initial total nitrogen and ammonium. R increased picoplankton abundance and caused an eightfold increase in phytoplankton, with high turbidity values; G had a lower effect on these variables. Herbicide-mussel combination induced an accelerated dissipation of glyphosate in water (MG 6.36 ± 0.83 mg G g DW(-1) day(-1) and MR 5.16 ± 1.26 mg G g DW(-1) day(-1)). A synergistic effect on ammonium was observed in MR but not in MG. MR and MG had an antagonistic effect on phytoplankton, which showed a drastic reduction due to grazing, as revealed by M. We provide evidence of differential effects of Roundup Max® and technical-grade glyphosate over water quality and microscopic communities, and in combination with mussels. However, in the combination of mussels and herbicides, mussels seem to play a leading role. In the presence of L. fortunei, the effects of higher nutrient availability provided by herbicides addition were counteracted by the filtration activity of mussels, which released nutrients, grazed on picoplankton and phytoplankton, and boosted the development of other primary producers, periphyton and metaphyton.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gattás
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, IEGEBA-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - A Vinocur
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, IEGEBA-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Graziano
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, IEGEBA-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, INQUIMAE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Dos Santos Afonso
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, INQUIMAE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - H Pizarro
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, IEGEBA-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D Cataldo
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, IEGEBA-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Ramaswamy B, Graziano M, Jones D, Lindop F, Lowe R, Walker W. An APPDE knowledge translation project to promote global professional physiotherapy management in Parkinson's disease. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Calosi P, Rastrick SPS, Graziano M, Thomas SC, Baggini C, Carter HA, Hall-Spencer JM, Milazzo M, Spicer JI. Distribution of sea urchins living near shallow water CO2 vents is dependent upon species acid-base and ion-regulatory abilities. Mar Pollut Bull 2013; 73:470-484. [PMID: 23428288 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the negative effect of climate change on Biodiversity, the use of geological CO2 sequestration has been proposed; however leakage from underwater storages may represent a risk to marine life. As extracellular homeostasis is important in determining species' ability to cope with elevated CO2, we investigated the acid-base and ion regulatory responses, as well as the density, of sea urchins living around CO2 vents at Vulcano, Italy. We conducted in situ transplantation and field-based laboratory exposures to different pCO2/pH regimes. Our results confirm that sea urchins have some ability to regulate their extracellular fluid under elevated pCO2. Furthermore, we show that even in closely-related taxa divergent physiological capabilities underlie differences in taxa distribution around the CO2 vent. It is concluded that species distribution under the sort of elevated CO2 conditions occurring with leakages from geological storages and future ocean acidification scenarios, may partly be determined by quite subtle physiological differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Calosi
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Marine Science & Engineering, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
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Zappacosta B, Persichilli S, Iacoviello L, Di Castelnuovo A, Graziano M, Gervasoni J, Leoncini E, Cimino G, Mastroiacovo P. Folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine status in an Italian blood donor population. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23:473-480. [PMID: 22209740 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The relevance of folate, other B-vitamins and homocysteine (Hcy) for the occurrence or prevention of several diseases has induced growing interest. Unfortunately, little evidence is available regarding B-vitamin concentrations in Italy. This study evaluated in a region of middle-southern Italy, folate, vitamin B12 and Hcy concentrations and the prevalence of their ideal blood levels. The main determinants of B-vitamins and Hcy were also considered. METHODS AND RESULTS Male and female blood donors (n=240), aged 18-66 years and living in Molise region (Italy), were enrolled in the study. They completed a brief questionnaire concerning fruit and vegetables intake, physical activity and smoking; serum and red blood cell (RBC) folate and serum vitamin B12 were measured by an immunoassay on an automated analyzer. Total Hcy was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Geometric means of serum folate, RBC folate and serum vitamin B12 were 10.8nmoll(-1), 426.0nmoll(-1) and 245.0pmoll(-1), respectively. Only 22.5%, 24.2% and 16.3% of blood donors showed an adequate level of serum folate, RBC folate or serum vitamin B12 respectively. When a cut-off of RBC folate ≥906nmoll(-1) was used no women of childbearing age had adequate levels. A geometric mean of 14.0μmoll(-1) was found for total Hcy, with an ideal concentration in 12.1% of subjects. Folate concentration was higher in women and non-smokers and in subjects with higher consumption of fruit and vegetable. CONCLUSION This study shows a low-moderate B-vitamins status in middle-southern Italy, associated with an inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption. A public health strategy should be undertaken to encourage a B-vitamin-rich diet with the addition of vitamin supplements or vitamin fortified foods in population subgroups with special needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Zappacosta
- U.O.C. Laboratorio Analisi, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura "Giovanni Paolo II", Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
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Pitino A, Squillaci S, Spairani C, Cosimi MF, Feyles E, Ricci D, Bardari F, Graziano M, Morabito F, Cesarani F, Garruso M, Belletti M, Beierl K, Murphy KM. Primary synovial sarcoma of the kidney. A case report with pathologic appraisal investigation and literature review. Pathologica 2011; 103:271-278. [PMID: 22393682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a soft tissue neoplasm with clearly defined histologic, immunohistochemical and molecular features that usually arises in the extremities of young adults. The occurrence of these tumors in the kidney is extremely rare and have been prevalently described in case reports. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the frequency of primary renal synovial sarcomas and the pathologic progression in recognition of this possibly under-diagnosed entity. A comprehensive review of the literature has also been performed with a focus on survival. We report the clinico-pathological features of an intrarenal SS occurring in a 67-year-old man. The tumour, measuring 4 cm in its greatest diameter, completely replaced the cortex and the medulla of the inferior region of the left kidney compressing the iliopsoas muscle. Radiological imaging was consistent with a renal cell carcinoma. Histologically, the tumour was composed of atypical monotonous vimentin+, CD99+, bcl-2+ spindle cells exhibiting a haphazard fascicular growth pattern and a high mitotic rate (3 to 5 mitoses per HPF). The diagnosis was supported by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction which demonstrated SYT-SSX2 gene fusion. The patient was alive with local recurrence of disease 24 months after surgery. Synovial sarcomas occurring in the kidney, in analogy to other sites, tend to have an aggressive biologic behaviour. Despite being extremely uncommon, with only 44 cases reported to date, they should be included in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant spindle cell tumours of the kidney. This study also emphasizes the importance of a correct pathologic diagnosis for prognostic and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pitino
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, San Giacomo Hospital, Novi Ligure, AL, Italy
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Angioli R, Muzii L, Battista C, Terranova C, Oronzi I, Sereni MI, De Oronzo MA, Damiani P, Collettini F, Graziano M, Benedetti Panici P. [The role of laparoscopy in ovarian carcinoma]. Minerva Ginecol 2009; 61:35-43. [PMID: 19204659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The role of minimally invasive surgery in the management of gynecologic cancers is continuously expanding. Although few trials have focused on the safety of laparoscopy in oncology, laparoscopy is now widely used for most gynecological malignancies. Laparoscopy is widely used to manage benign ovarian masses, but its role in managing ovarian cancer still needs to be defined. The role of laparoscopy in ovarian cancer surgery may be divided into three following categories: 1) laparoscopic staging of apparent early ovarian cancer; 2) laparoscopic assessment of disease extent and potential for resectability; 3) laparoscopic reassessment, or second-look operation, or rule out recurrence. Laparoscopic approach has shown several advantages like a reduction in operating time, blood loss, hospital stay, and total hospital charges. The limitations of laparoscopic practice include inadequate port-site metastasis, tumour dissemination due to cyst rupture and incomplete staging. In addition, there were limitations in performing extensive laparoscopic sampling of areas of tumor persistence including retroperitoneal lymph nodes. In literature there are no randomized studies assessing the use of laparoscopy in the management of ovarian cancer. Moreover, most of the studies in literature comparing laparoscopy and laparotomy are carried out by surgeons specialized in one of two approaches, so that the results can not be compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Angioli
- Dipartimento di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Roma, Italia.
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Quaquaruccio G, Latella M, Graziano M, Di Castelnuovo A, Lorenzet R, Napoleone E, Giannuzzi P, Gattone M, Assanelli D, Novak N, Trevisan M, de Gaetano G, Donati M, Iacoviello L. TISSUE FACTOR GENE TAG-SNPS AND HAPLOTYPES AND THE RISK OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. J Thromb Haemost 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.tb00925.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sasikumar TK, Qiang L, Wu WL, Burnett DA, Greenlee WJ, O'Neill K, Hawes BE, van Heek M, Graziano M. Tetrahydroisoquinolines as MCH-R1 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:4917-21. [PMID: 16824753 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2006] [Revised: 06/14/2006] [Accepted: 06/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of potent and selective inhibitors of h-MCH-R1 has been developed based on the piperidine glycineamide compounds I and II. These structurally more rigid tetrahydroisoquinolines (III and IV) showed better pharmacokinetics. The highly potent compounds 12d and 12g displayed excellent rat pk.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Sasikumar
- Schering-Plough Research Institute, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
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Gigli L, Graziano M, Manetta G, Palombino R. [Measles in the Local Health Unit Naples 4: vaccination coverage, epidemic 2001-2002 and prevention strategies]. Ann Ig 2004; 16:627-32. [PMID: 15552728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
The authors have analysed vaccination coverage for measles. The active offer of the vaccine brought about an increase of the vaccination coverage but participation to vaccination proved unsatisfactory between 1995 and 2000. The measles epidemic reported 1367 cases, of which 125 were hospitalised (3 cases presented complications). The target for the next years is to reach a vaccination coverage of 95% or more and recuperate the non vaccinated, starting with the 1990 birth cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gigli
- Servizio di Epidemiologia e Prevenzione, ASL Napoli 4 Regione Campania
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Vemulapalli S, Kurowski S, Fantuzzi J, Sabin C, Clasby M, Chackalamannil S, Hunter J, Graziano M, Chintala M. Antithrombotic effects of selective P2Y1 and P2Y12 antagonists in anesthetized rats. J Thromb Haemost 2003. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2003.tb05544.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Graziano M, St-Pierre Y, Potworowski EF. UEA-I-binding to thymic medullary epithelial cells selectively reduces numbers of cortical TCRalphabeta+ thymocytes in FTOCs. Immunol Lett 2001; 77:143-50. [PMID: 11410246 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(01)00218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thymic medullary epithelial cells (TMECs) constitute a major stromal cell type, the function of which is incompletely understood. Some TMECs express L-fucose-glycosylated proteins on their plasma membrane; these have been shown to specifically bind the lectin UEA-I. We exploited this observation to investigate the consequences of in situ blockage of TMECs in FTOCs by UEA-I. In UEA-I-treated FTOCs, we noted a decreased cellularity among TCRalphabeta+ but not TCRgammadelta+ cells. In fact, CD3- and CD3lo cortical cells were markedly depleted, while CD3hi cells were unaffected. Since the affected cell subsets are in a different compartment from that where UEA-I binding occurs, it is likely that the effect is mediated through a soluble factor. Two possible mechanisms are proposed: a reduced activation of either TMECs or of medullary thymocytes which normally bind to them, results in lowered production of soluble factors responsible for cortical thymocyte proliferation. Alternately, the binding of UEA-I to TMECs could activate the latter to produce signals inhibitory to cortical thymocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Graziano
- Human Health Research Center, INRS-Institut Armand Frappier, 531 boul. des Prairies, Québec, H7N 4Z3, Laval, Canada
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Ahn HS, Foster C, Boykow G, Stamford A, Manna M, Graziano M. Inhibition of cellular action of thrombin by N3-cyclopropyl-7-[[4-(1-methylethyl)phenyl]methyl]-7H-pyrrolo[3, 2-f]quinazoline-1,3-diamine (SCH 79797), a nonpeptide thrombin receptor antagonist. Biochem Pharmacol 2000; 60:1425-34. [PMID: 11020444 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(00)00460-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests an important contribution of the cellular actions of thrombin to thrombosis and restenosis following angioplasty. Recently we reported on SCH 79797 (N3-cyclopropyl-7-¿[4-(1-methylethyl)phenyl]methyl¿-7H-pyrrolo[3, 2-f]quinazoline-1,3-diamine) and its analogs as new potent, nonpeptide thrombin receptor antagonists. This study further characterizes the biochemical and pharmacological actions of pyrroloquinazoline inhibitors of protease activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) in human platelets and coronary artery smooth muscle cells (hCASMC). SCH 79797 and its N-methyl analog (SCH 203099) inhibited binding of a high-affinity thrombin receptor-activating peptide ([(3)H]haTRAP, Ala-Phe(p-F)-Arg-ChA-HArg-[(3)H]Tyr-NH(2)) to PAR-1 with IC(50) values of 70 and 45 nM, respectively. SCH 79797 inhibited [(3)H]haTRAP binding in a competitive manner. SCH 79797 and SCH 203099 inhibited alpha-thrombin- and haTRAP-induced aggregation of human platelets, but did not inhibit human platelet aggregation induced by the tethered ligand agonist for protease-activated receptor-4 (PAR-4), gamma-thrombin, ADP, or collagen. SCH 203099 inhibited surface expression of P-selectin induced by haTRAP and thrombin, and it did not increase P-selectin expression or prevent thrombin cleavage of the receptor. Thrombin and TFLLRNPNDK-NH(2) (TK), a PAR-1-selective agonist, produced transient increases in cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in hCASMC. This increase in [Ca(2+)](i) was inhibited effectively by SCH 79797. However, the Ca(2+) transients induced by SLIGKV-NH(2,) a PAR-2-selective agonist, were not inhibited by SCH 79797. Thrombin- and TK-stimulated [(3)H]thymidine incorporation also was inhibited completely by SCH 79797. The results of this study demonstrate that SCH 79797 and SCH 203099 are potent, selective antagonists of PAR-1 in human platelets and hCASMC. These data also suggest that the thrombin stimulation of Ca(2+) transients and mitogenesis in hCASMC is mediated primarily through activation of PAR-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Ahn
- Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA.
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16
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Marconi E, Graziano M, Cubadda R. Composition and Utilization of Barley Pearling By-Products for Making Functional Pastas Rich in Dietary Fiber and β-Glucans. Cereal Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem.2000.77.2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Marconi
- DISTAAM, Università degli Studi del Molise, Via De Sanctis, -86100 Campobasso, Italy
- Corresponding author. Phone: + 39 0874 404616. Fax + 39 0874 404652. E-mail:
| | - M. Graziano
- DISTAAM, Università degli Studi del Molise, Via De Sanctis, -86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - R. Cubadda
- DISTAAM, Università degli Studi del Molise, Via De Sanctis, -86100 Campobasso, Italy
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17
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Abstract
The neuropeptide galanin mediates a number of diverse physiological and pathophysiological actions via interaction with membrane-bound receptors. The role that membrane cholesterol plays in modulating the interaction between galanin and one of the three cloned galanin receptor subtypes (GalR2) expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was examined. Reduction of membrane cholesterol by treatment with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (CD) or by culturing cells in lipoprotein-deficient serum markedly decreased galanin binding to the receptor. Addition of cholesterol back to CD-treated, cholesterol-depleted membranes restored galanin binding to control levels. Hill analysis suggests that the GalR2 binds multiple molecules of cholesterol (n >/= 3) in a positively cooperative manner. This interaction appears to be cholesterol-specific as only cholesterol and a limited number of cholesterol analogues were able to rescue galanin binding. The inability of some of these analogues to rescue the binding activity also suggests that binding of galanin to GalR2 is independent of membrane fluidity as, like cholesterol, cholesterol analogues generally rigidize membranes. In addition, treatment of the membranes with other modulators of membrane fluidity, e.g. ethanol, did not affect galanin binding to the GalR2. In contrast, treatment of membranes, with filipin, a molecule that clusters cholesterol within the membranes, or with cholesterol oxidase resulted in markedly reduced galanin binding. Incubation of membranes with 100 microM GTP-gamma-S did not alter the IC(50) for CD in the prebinding assay treatment suggesting that the effect of cholesterol was independent of G protein interaction. Preincubation of intact cells with CD also drastically impaired the ability of galanin to activate intracellular inositol phosphate accumulation in GalR2-transfected CHO cells. These data detail a new mechanism for the regulation of galanin receptor signaling which may link altered functions of GalRs with abnormal cholesterol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pang
- Department of CNS/CV Biological Research, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, USA
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18
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Marconi E, Carcea M, Graziano M, Cubadda R. Kernel Properties and Pasta-Making Quality of Five European Spelt Wheat (Triticum speltaL.) Cultivars. Cereal Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem.1999.76.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Marconi
- DISTAAM, Università del Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
- Corresponding author. Phone: +39 874 404616. Fax: + 39 874 404652. E-mail:
| | - M. Carcea
- Istituto Nazionale della Nutrizione, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Roma, Italy
| | - M. Graziano
- DISTAAM, Università del Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - R. Cubadda
- DISTAAM, Università del Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
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19
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Abstract
The fate of thymic emigrants had so far been studied using a variety of markers, each of which had inherent limitations as to stability, toxicity, or selectivity. We describe a new technique which relies on the in vivo injection of CFSE, an esterified vital dye hitherto used at 80 times lower concentrations for in vitro cell labeling. We show that CFSE labels a representative sample of all thymocyte subsets and that these migrate at a rate of approximately 2-3 x 10(6) cells/day to peripheral lymphoid organs. We show that they enter lymph nodes at day 1 postinjection and stay for at least 21 days, whereas the turnover in the spleen is more rapid. We also show by immunohistochemistry, using peroxidase-labeled anti-FITC antibodies, that CFSE-labeled thymic emigrants are confined to T-dependent areas of peripheral lymphoid organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Graziano
- Centre de Recherche en Immunologie, Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Quebec, Canada
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20
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Caraglia M, Leardi A, Ricciardi B, Delaurentiis M, Graziano M, Matano E, Deplacido S, Bianco A, Tagliaferri P. alpha-Interferon potentiates the growth inhibitory effects of anti-transferrin receptor monoclonal antibodies. Int J Oncol 1996; 8:847-50. [PMID: 21544436 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.8.5.847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have demonstrated that interferon-alpha 2 recombinant (IFN alpha) inhibits the growth and modulates the expression of the receptor for transferrin (TRF-R) in human epidermoid carcinoma KB cells. Receptor upregulation results in the reconstitution of intracellular iron levels in the IFN alpha-treated cells. Several anti-TRF-R murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been generated which induce tumor cell growth inhibition through blockade of receptor function. We have evaluated by MTT assay the effect of anti-TRF-R 42/6, E2.3, A27.15 and D65.30 MAbs given in combination with IFN alpha on the growth of human epidermoid carcinoma KB cells. We found that IFN alpha and A27.15 MAb induced a synergistic antiproliferative effect on these cells. These results suggest that IFN alpha may potentiate the antitumor efficacy of TRF-R-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Caraglia
- UNIV NAPLES FEDERICO II,FAC MED,DIPARTIMENTO ENDOCRINOL & ONCOL MOL & CLIN,CATTEDRA ONCOL MED,I-80131 NAPLES,ITALY
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21
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Colombo M, Graziano M. Effects of auditory and visual interference on auditory-visual delayed matching to sample in monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Behav Neurosci 1994. [PMID: 7917056 DOI: 10.1037//0735-7044.108.3.636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Two monkeys were trained on an auditory-visual (AV) delayed matching-to-sample (DMS) task with auditory cues serving as sample stimuli and visual cues serving as comparison stimuli. To determine whether the monkeys were remembering auditory or visual information during the delay period, auditory and visual interference were presented following the sample stimulus. Auditory interference had little effect on AV DMS performance. In contrast, visual interference severely impaired AV DMS performance, indicating that the monkeys were remembering visual information during the delay period. This finding may reflect a predisposition of monkeys toward remembering information via their dominant visual modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Colombo
- Department of Psychology, Princeton University
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22
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Abstract
Amsacrine is an aminoacridine that binds to DNA by intercalation. Because amsacrine interferes with DNA synthesis it has potent genotoxic and cytotoxic properties. To define its tumorigenic nature, amsacrine was studied in a 104-week carcinogenicity bioassay using Wistar rats. Treatment regimen consisted of 6 cycles of intravenous administration over 5 consecutive days followed by 23 days without drug to allow for recovery from cytotoxicity. Doses were 0.25, 1 and 3 mg/kg. At 3 mg/kg mortality was excessive reaching 100% of males by Week 90 and 96% of females at Week 104. Deaths were associated with either tumor induction or cytotoxicity. Multisystemic tumor development manifested in a dose-related fashion. The incidence of small intestinal adenocarcinomas was particularly striking owing to the rarity of these neoplasia in Wistar rats. Small intestinal adenocarcinomas that were well-differentiated presented as pedunculated masses or were sessile masses derived from flat mucosa. Mucin-secreting adenocarcinomas showed poorly-differentiated histologic pattern with absence of crypt or villus structures. We postulate that they are variants of the neoplasia derived from flat mucosa wherein the loss of histologic architecture is the sequela of protracted secretion and accumulation of mucin leading ultimately to extensive tumor remodeling. As amsacrine is primarily excreted in bile, direct exposure to this genotoxic agent was a probable factor in tumorigenesis like small intestinal carcinogens such as 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and azoxymethane.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gough
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Toxicology, Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research Division, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
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23
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Abstract
Two monkeys were trained on an auditory-visual (AV) delayed matching-to-sample (DMS) task with auditory cues serving as sample stimuli and visual cues serving as comparison stimuli. To determine whether the monkeys were remembering auditory or visual information during the delay period, auditory and visual interference were presented following the sample stimulus. Auditory interference had little effect on AV DMS performance. In contrast, visual interference severely impaired AV DMS performance, indicating that the monkeys were remembering visual information during the delay period. This finding may reflect a predisposition of monkeys toward remembering information via their dominant visual modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Colombo
- Department of Psychology, Princeton University
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24
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Celoria G, Nardini A, Falco E, Montrucchio E, Pera M, Graziano M. [Intraportal air secondary to gastric dilatation. A clinical case]. MINERVA CHIR 1994; 49:371-3. [PMID: 8072717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The authors report a case of hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) secondary to massive gastric dilatation in a diabetic patient following blunt trauma. Both flat plate of the abdomen and ultrasound of the liver were necessary to reach the correct diagnosis. They review the pertinent literature and stress the importance of an accurate nosologic assessment of this uncommon entity in order to avoid undue mishaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Celoria
- II Divisione di Chirurgia Generale, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, La Spezia
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25
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McAllister G, Knowles MR, Patel S, Marwood R, Emms F, Seabrook GR, Graziano M, Borkowski D, Hey PJ, Freedman SB. Characterisation of a chimeric hD3/D2 dopamine receptor expressed in CHO cells. FEBS Lett 1993; 324:81-6. [PMID: 8099332 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(93)81537-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The D2 dopamine receptor is known to be functionally coupled when expressed in CHO cells, whereas the effector systems for the D3 dopamine receptor remain unclear. A chimeric, human D3/D2 receptor (hD3/D2) was constructed containing the third intracellular loop region of the D2 receptor. CHO cells stably expressing the D2, D3, or hD3/D2 receptors were created and the pharmacology of the receptors was examined. The chimeric hD3/D2 receptor retained D3-like affinities for dopaminergic ligands. However, in contrast to the D2 receptor neither the D3 receptor nor the hD3/D2 receptor could functionally couple to the adenylate cyclase or arachidonic acid release mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- G McAllister
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Merck, Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, Harlow, Essex, UK
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26
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Pipi G, Cannella L, Di Stefano L, Graziano M, Brai M, Sparacia A. [A case of hereditary angioedema undergoing general anesthesia]. Minerva Anestesiol 1991; 57:720-1. [PMID: 1798551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Pipi
- Istituto di Anestesiologia, Rianimazione e dell'Emergenza, Università degli Studi di Palermo
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Andersen
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139
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28
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Bellomi M, Pestalozza MA, Cozzi G, Bellegotti L, Graziano M, Gardani G, Severini A. [Structuring and use in clinical research of a software for the diagnosis and features of polypoid lesions of the colorectum]. Radiol Med 1987; 74:543-5. [PMID: 3324196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Double contrast enema and endoscopy are very important in the diagnosis of adenomas and early cancer of the colon and rectum. These exams can not only detect the presence, but also suggest the histologic diagnosis, of polypoid lesions of the colon. An Olivetti M24 Personal Computer was used to create a software to study the results obtained by double contrast enema, and to compare them with endoscopy and pathology. The data base is formed by 7 files: one anagraphic, 3 collecting the characteristics of the diagnosis--namely the radiologic, the endoscopic and the pathologic one-- and 3 multiple files featuring each lesion, as defined by the three diagnostic techniques. The software allows to evaluate the different lesions that can be detected by the three techniques in the same patient and to compare the diagnosis of presence to the morphologic features of each lesion. False negatives and false positives of each technique are easily recognized. It is also possible to characterize the single morphologic feature leading the radiologist and/or the endoscopist to express an opinion about the histologic diagnosis of each lesion and to compare them with pathological features. The first experience in clinical use of the software, in the analysis of the characters of 336 lesions in 218 patients, is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bellomi
- Istituto di Scienze Radiologiche, Università, Milano
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29
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Graziano M. [The absence of renal disease in nurses using a mercurial disinfectant for the hands (author's transl)]. Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax 1976; 65:271-6. [PMID: 1257185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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31
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Ruedi B, Borel GA, Graziano M, Frei J, Magnenat P. [Study of the digestive function of the obese patients in total fasting]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1969; 99:774-6. [PMID: 5783063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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