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Hamonangan WM, Lee S, Choi YH, Li W, Tai M, Kim SH. Microballoons: Osmotically-inflated elastomer shells for ultrafast release of encapsulants and mechanical energy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 668:272-281. [PMID: 38678883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Microcapsules with osmotically-inflated elastic shells exhibit an ultrafast release of encapsulants while mechanically stimulating the microenvironments, akin to popping balloons. EXPERIMENTS To prepare elastic shells with uniform thickness and size, monodisperse water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) double-emulsion drops are produced in a capillary microfluidic device. The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-containing oil phase is thermally cured to create the elastic shell. The elastic shells are inflated by pumping water into the lumen in hypotonic conditions. The inflated microcapsules produced undergo mechanical compression, and their release properties are studied. FINDINGS By controlling the osmotic pressure difference, Microballoons are inflated into a diameter of 200 μm - 316 μm and shell thickness of 7.8 μm - 0.7 µm, respectively. The inflated shell pops due to mechanical failure when subjected to mechanical stress above a certain threshold, resembling a balloon. During popping, the stretched shell rapidly retracts to the original uninflated state, resulting in an ultrafast release of encapsulants from the lumen within a millisecond. This process converts elastic potential energy stored in the shell into mechanical energy with substantial power. The microballoons mechanically stimulate the local environment, leading to the direct and rapid release of encapsulants. This has the potential to improve absorption efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahyu Martumpal Hamonangan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Hun Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanzhao Li
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Meiling Tai
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Shin-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Tai M, Chen J, Chen J, Shen X, Ni J. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in skin aging induced by UVB. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14956. [PMID: 37846942 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a normal and complex biological process. Skin is located in the most superficial layer of the body, and its degree of aging directly reflects the aging level of the body. Endoplasmic reticulum stress refers to the aggregation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and the disruption of the calcium ion balance when cells are stimulated by external stimuli. Mild endoplasmic reticulum stress can cause a series of protective mechanisms, including the unfolded protein response, while sustained high intensity stimulation leads to endoplasmic reticulum stress and eventually apoptosis. Photoaging caused by ultraviolet radiation is an important stimulus in skin aging. Many studies have focused on oxidative stress, but increasing evidence shows that endoplasmic reticulum stress plays an important role in photoaging. This paper reviews the development and mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in skin photoaging, and provides research directions for targeting the ERS pathway to slow aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Tai
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieli Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahui Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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3
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Lv P, Zhang H, Tai M, Che B, Yu D, Zhang Y, Li H, Meng X, Guo M, Li L. Active Ingredients of Schisandra chinensis Fruit Oil and their Effect on Propionibacterium acnes-Induced Inflammation in HaCaT Cells. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:177. [PMID: 37664918 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2808177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propionibacterium acnes causes upregulation of inflammatory factors, such as cycloxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inward flow of calcium ions. This causes increased levels of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and inflammation of the skin, leading to redness, swelling, itching and other symptoms. Schisandra chinensis fruit oil (SCO) is rich in lignan active ingredients with various antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. METHODS In this study, SCO is obtained by supercritical CO2 fluid extraction. SCO's anti-inflammatory actions were investigated using P. acnes-induced inflammation HaCaT cells model. A method based on reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography with a diode array detector was developed and validated for the simultaneous detection of five lignan components. Levels of inflammatory factors and LL-37 were measured by ELISA kit and western blot respectively. Ca2+ and ROS levels detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS The experimental results show that the contents of schisanol A, schisanol B, schisanin A, schisanin B, and schisanin C were 33.89 ± 0.24, 14.89 ± 0.45, 8.92 ± 0.02, 29.14 ± 0.67, and 4.74 ± 0.09 mg/g, respectively. Studies have demonstrated that SCO can alleviate skin inflammation by inhibiting the COX-2/PGE2 and NF-κB signalling pathway. In addition, SCO can inhibit ROS production, significantly block inward Ca2+ flow, alleviate cell damage, and modulate the content of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study elucidated the anti-inflammatory activity of SCO in a cell model and provided a scientific basis for its application as a raw material in skin care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Lv
- Infinitus (China) Co., Ltd., 510000 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huirong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, 100048 Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Meiling Tai
- Infinitus (China) Co., Ltd., 510000 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Biao Che
- Infinitus (China) Co., Ltd., 510000 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Yu
- Beijing Lan Divine Technology Co.Ltd., 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, 100048 Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Haodong Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, 100048 Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Xianyao Meng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, 100048 Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, 100048 Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, 100048 Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, 100048 Beijing, China
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Tai M, Zhang C, Ma Y, Yang J, Mai Z, Li C, Leng G. Acne and its post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation treatment by applying anti-acne dissolving microneedle patches. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6913-6919. [PMID: 36059276 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acne is a significant problem in young people. At present, most acne treatment products are topically applied cosmetics, whose efficacy is limited by the stratum corneum. The dissolving microneedle technique can effectively deliver drug molecules into the body. In this study, dissolving microneedles containing anti-acne ingredients were tested for human efficacy and safety. METHODS We conducted a 28-day clinical efficacy and safety trial on 30 individuals with visible facial acne. During the trial, anti-acne microneedle (AA-DMN) patches were applied to designated skin areas once daily for 28 consecutive days. Skin pigmentation was measured using a Courage + Khazaka skin melanin and hemoglobin test probe Mexameter MX18. Acne volume was measured using a Canfieldsci skin rapid optical imaging system PRIMOS. In addition, skin irritation was evaluated via self-report and dermatologist's examination. RESULTS The AA-DMN patches showed good efficacy including improvement of skin pigmentation and reduced acne volume. Acne volume was reduced by 12.34% after 3 days of patch use and further reduced by 10.01% after 7 continuous days of use. After 28 days of treatment, skin melanin decreased by 5.88% and heme decreased by 7.83%. No adverse reactions were observed in any of the participants. CONCLUSIONS Anti-acne microneedle patches showed an excellent effect in reducing acne and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), without adverse skin reactions. The novel AA-DMN patch is a safe and effective anti-acne treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Tai
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Jiangmen, China
| | - Chenggong Zhang
- Organic Functional Materials and Applied Technology Institute, SuZhou, China
| | - Yonghao Ma
- Youwe (ZhuHai) Biotechnology Company Ltd, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Youwe (ZhuHai) Biotechnology Company Ltd, Zhuhai, China
| | | | - Chengguo Li
- Youwe (ZhuHai) Biotechnology Company Ltd, Zhuhai, China
| | - Gang Leng
- Youwe (ZhuHai) Biotechnology Company Ltd, Zhuhai, China
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5
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Hamonangan WM, Lee S, Choi YH, Li W, Tai M, Kim SH. Osmosis-Mediated Microfluidic Production of Submillimeter-Sized Capsules with an Ultrathin Shell for Cosmetic Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:18159-18169. [PMID: 35426298 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There is a demand for submillimeter-sized capsules with an ultrathin shell with high visibility and no tactile sensation after release for cosmetic applications. However, neither bulk emulsification nor droplet microfluidics can directly produce such capsules in a controlled manner. Herein, we report the microfluidic production of submillimeter-sized capsules with a spacious lumen and ultrathin biodegradable shell through osmotic inflation of water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) double-emulsion drops. Monodisperse double-emulsion drops are produced with a capillary microfluidic device to have an organic solution of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) in the middle oil layer. Hypotonic conditions inflate the drops, leading to core volume expansion and oil-layer thickness reduction. Afterward, the oil layer is consolidated to the PLGA shell through solvent evaporation. The degree of inflation is controllable with the osmotic pressure. With a strong hypotonic condition, the capsule radius increases up to 330 μm and the shell thickness decreases to 1 μm so that the ratio of the thickness to radius is as small as 0.006. The large capsules with an ultrathin shell readily release their encapsulant under an external force by shell rupture. In the mechanical test of single capsules, the threshold strain for shell rupture is reduced from 75 to 12%, and the threshold stress is decreased by two orders for highly inflated capsules in comparison with noninflated ones. During the shell rupture, the tactile sensation of capsules gradually disappears as the capsules lose volume and the residual shells are ultrathin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahyu Martumpal Hamonangan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Hun Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanzhao Li
- Infinitus R&D Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Meiling Tai
- Infinitus R&D Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Shin-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Ma Y, Li C, Mai Z, Yang J, Tai M, Leng G. Efficacy and safety testing of dissolving microarray patches in Chinese subjects. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:3496-3502. [PMID: 34825760 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is a lack of clinical research in the Chinese market concerning dissolving microarray (DMA) patches in cosmetic applications. In this study, the clinical efficacy and safety tests of DMA patch technology were performed on Chinese consumers. METHODS A 4-week clinical efficacy and safety evaluation was conducted on 30 Chinese female subjects with crow's feet and eye bags. DMA patches loaded with hyaluronic acid (HA-DMA) were applied under the eyes and corners of the eyes of the subjects three times a week over four consecutive weeks. Skin firmness and dermal layer strength were measured using ultrasound, and changes in skin wrinkles were detected using VISIA-CR and Primos Lite. Eye bag ratings were evaluated by professional dermatologists based on the 0-6 grades of eye bags in the "Skin Aging Atlas Volume 2: Asian Type." RESULTS HA-DMA patches produced good clinical improvements on both crow's feet and eye bags in the study participants. HA-DMA effectively increased skin firmness while reducing the number, area, and volume of crow's feet, along with reducing eye bag ratings. The reductions in all metrics were statistically significant with positive effects evident in as little as 1 week of treatment. There were no adverse effects related to the treatments observed during the test period. CONCLUSIONS In a clinical efficacy trial of 30 Chinese female subjects, HA-DMA showed excellent therapeutic benefits without adverse effects while reducing crow's feet and eye bags. HA-DMA is expected to be a safe, effective, and novel cosmetic for improving the appearance of aging skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Ma
- Youwe (ZhuHai) Biotechnology Company Ltd, Zhuhai, China
| | - Chengguo Li
- Youwe (ZhuHai) Biotechnology Company Ltd, Zhuhai, China
| | | | - Jian Yang
- Youwe (ZhuHai) Biotechnology Company Ltd, Zhuhai, China
| | - Meiling Tai
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Jiangmen, China
| | - Gang Leng
- Youwe (ZhuHai) Biotechnology Company Ltd, Zhuhai, China
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7
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Liu GT, Li YL, Wang J, Dong CZ, Deng M, Tai M, Deng L, Che B, Lin L, Du ZY, Chen HX. Improvement of Skin Barrier Dysfunction by Phenolic-containing Extracts of Lycium barbarum via Nrf2/HO-1 Regulation. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:262-271. [PMID: 34342370 DOI: 10.1111/php.13498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum have received an increasing popularity due to its powerful biological activity and medicinal use. However, the effect of Lycium barbarum on skin remains largely uncharacterized. The general purpose of this paper was to characterize the phenolic compounds in Lycium barbarum extract (LBE) using LC-HRMS/QTOF method and to investigate whether topical administration of LBE can repair skin barrier dysfunction in mice. Our data demonstrated that LBE could not only decrease ROS level and matrix metalloproteinase expression, but also strengthen intrinsic antioxidant defense system including SOD, GSH-Px and CAT, thereby resulting in increased skin collagen content and an improvement of UV-induced skin erythema, thickness and wrinkles. Improved skin barrier functions were highly correlated with increased expression of filaggrin, involucrin and loricrin as well as antioxidant proteins such as Nrf2 and HO-1 in UV-irradiated mice, suggesting that LBE may be promising natural products at a lower cost for the topical application in the treatment of skin diseases with defective barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Ting Liu
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Liang Li
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang-Zhi Dong
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Minggao Deng
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiling Tai
- Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Deng
- Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Biao Che
- Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Lin
- Foshan Conney Allan Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Foshan, China
| | - Zhi-Yun Du
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Xiong Chen
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Chemistry of RNA, Nucleosides, Peptides and Heterocycles, CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, Paris Cedex 06, France
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8
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Deng M, Wang J, Li YL, Chen HX, Tai M, Deng L, Che B, Du ZY, Dong CZ, Lin L. The impact of polyphenols extracted from Tricholoma matsutake on UVB-induced photoaging in mouse skin. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:781-793. [PMID: 33811801 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite Tricholoma matsutake has been used as natural health products with multiple medicinal properties, detailed information about its polyphenolic composition as sources of anti-photoaging agents remains to be determined. OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of polyphenols extracted from Tricholoma matsutake (TME) on Ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin photoaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Various factors of oxidative stress and inflammation as well as histological and immunohistochemical analysis in the mouse dorsal skin were determined after UVB radiation. RESULTS Topical administration with TME suppressed the UVB-induced skin thickness, wrinkles and erythema, and increased skin collagen content. Furthermore, TME decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, upregulated glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activities and inhibited the expression of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in mice irradiated with UVB. TME could reduce UVB-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) phosphorylation and effectively inhibited the activity of the transcriptional factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), thereby reducing the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, which is an important mediator of inflammatory cascade leading to the inflammatory response. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that TME had various beneficial effects on UVB-induced skin photoaging due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and it might be exploited as a promising natural product in skin care, anti-photoaging and the therapeutic intervention of skin disorders related to both oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minggao Deng
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Liang Li
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Xiong Chen
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Chemistry of RNA, nucleosides, peptides and heterocycles, CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, Paris Cedex, France
| | - Meiling Tai
- Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lili Deng
- Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Biao Che
- Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yun Du
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Zhi Dong
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Li Lin
- Foshan Conney Allan Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Foshan, CN, China
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Wang B, Tai M, Zhang K, Chen H, Gan X, Che B, Abudukelimu N, Wang G, Xin X, Lin L, Han P, Peng Y, Du Z, Aker Aisa H. Elaeagnus L gum polysaccharides alleviate the impairment of barrier function in the dry skin model mice. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:647-656. [PMID: 33098181 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dry skin is a common skin condition caused by reduction of water-holding capacity, which is regulated by skin barrier function. Dry skin can also be a symptom that indicates a more serious diagnosis. There are a number of moisturizers on the market, which play an important role in dermatologic and cosmetic therapies. However, the demand for these products with good and therapeutic efficiency is still growing. AIMS It remains necessary to investigate the effects of Elaeagnus L gum polysaccharides (EAP), which are prepared from gum of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. on the epidermal permeability barrier function and their possible underlying mechanisms. PATIENTS/METHODS EAP were purified, analyzed, and tested on human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) and then on the skin in vivo to evaluate their antiinflammatory activities and their impacts on impaired skin barrier function. RESULTS Histological analyses revealed that topical administration with EAP effectively attenuated dryness-like skin condition, including less percutaneous water loss rate, less infiltrate inflammation cells, and less epidermal thickening. Moreover, EAP inhibited the production of various inflammatory mediators and increased AQP-3, FLG, and LOR expression. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that EAP enhances epidermal permeability barrier function, and they can be used as a promising adjuvant agent in skin care cosmetics and in treating some skin disorders characterized by cutaneous inflammation and abnormal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingying Wang
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Kun Zhang
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huixiong Chen
- Chemistry of RNA, Nucleosides, Peptides and Heterocycles, CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, Paris Cedex 06, France
| | | | - Biao Che
- Infinitus(China) Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - N Abudukelimu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, China Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Guoping Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, China Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Xuelei Xin
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, China Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Li Lin
- Foshan Conney Allan Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Foshan, China
| | - Ping Han
- Foshan Conney Allan Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Foshan, China
| | - Yi Peng
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyun Du
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haji Aker Aisa
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, China Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
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10
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Chen Y, Li X, Gan X, Qi J, Che B, Tai M, Gao S, Zhao W, Xu N, Hu Z. Fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida Ameliorates Epidermal Barrier Disruption via Keratinocyte Differentiation and CaSR Level Regulation. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E660. [PMID: 31771286 PMCID: PMC6950751 DOI: 10.3390/md17120660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidermal barrier acts as a line of defense against external agents as well as helps to maintain body homeostasis. The calcium concentration gradient across the epidermal barrier is closely related to the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes (KCs), and the regulation of these two processes is the key to the repair of epidermal barrier disruption. In the present study, we found that fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida (UPF) could promote the repair of epidermal barrier disruption in mice. The mechanistic study demonstrated that UPF could promote HaCaT cell differentiation under low calcium condition by up-regulating the expression of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), which could then lead to the activation of the Catenin/PLCγ1 pathway. Further, UPF could increase the expression of CaSR through activate the ERK and p38 pathway. These findings reveal the molecular mechanism of UPF in the repair of the epidermal barrier and provide a basis for the development of UPF into an agent for the repair of epidermal barrier repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Y.C.); (J.Q.)
| | - Xuenan Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.L.); (S.G.); (W.Z.)
| | - Xiaoshuang Gan
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou 510000, China; (X.G.); (B.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Junmei Qi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Y.C.); (J.Q.)
| | - Biao Che
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou 510000, China; (X.G.); (B.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Meiling Tai
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou 510000, China; (X.G.); (B.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Shuang Gao
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.L.); (S.G.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wengang Zhao
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.L.); (S.G.); (W.Z.)
| | - Nuo Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Y.C.); (J.Q.)
| | - Zhenlin Hu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.L.); (S.G.); (W.Z.)
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11
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Tai M, Mastin DF, Peszka J. 0731 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VIDEO GAME USE, GAME GENRE, AND LUCID/CONTROL DREAMING. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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12
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Wais M, Lee S, Liu G, Pham A, Tai M, Murji A. Surgical Experience with Ulipristal Acetate or Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Agonists for Uterine Fibroids. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2016.08.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Keast VJ, Wallace JW, Wrightson CJ, Tai M, Gentle A, Arnold MD, Cortie MB. The effect of vacancies on the optical properties of AuAl₂. J Phys Condens Matter 2015; 27:505501. [PMID: 26610233 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/50/505501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AuAl2 is an intermetallic compound with a vivid purple colour attributable to a bulk plasmon energy in the visible part of the spectrum. However, the colour of as-deposited thin films is not as strong and only develops upon annealing. Density functional theory calculations of the dielectric function are presented for a variety of vacancy types and concentrations. The results support the view that the effect of annealing on colour is correlated with a reduction in concentration of Al vacancies. The effect of vacancies on the optical properties can be understood as arising from the complex interplay between interband transitions around the Fermi level and the plasmon energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V J Keast
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia
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14
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Yang C, Li C, Tai M, Lin L. Importance of Tumor Regression Grading in Predicting the Outcome for Patients With Rectal Cancer After Preoperative Chemoradiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Schwartz T, Tai M, Babu K, Merchant R. Evaluating the Relationship Between Opioid Analgesics and Patient Satisfaction Among Emergency Department Patients. Ann Emerg Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.07.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Lin Y, Li C, Yen C, Lin L, Tai M. The Prognostic Role of Tumor Infiltrating Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cell in Oral Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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17
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Nakamoto A, Okamoto S, Tai M, Saito S, Isobe D, Takemoto K, Khan A, Takeda H, Yamasu K. P118. Multiple and stage-specific functions of a Class V POU transcription factor Pou2/Pou5f1 in zebrafish embryos revealed by the transgenic approach. Differentiation 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2010.09.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Lin Y, Li C, Lin L, Yen C, Tai M. Expression of Hepatoma-derived Growth Factors is Correlated with Prognosis of Oral Cancer and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Tsai C, Tai M, Hu T, Huang S, Lin J, Chang H, ChangChien C, Lai C. Expression of hepatoma-derived growth factor in early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.16002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
16002 Background: Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) is a unique nuclear/growth factor and plays an important role in the progression of different types of cancer. The current study was designed to elucidate the role of HDGF expression during the development of. early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma. Methods: A total of 63 patients with early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma were enrolled in this retrospective study. The HDGF expression in cervical adenocarcinoma was determined by immunohistochemistry. The HDGF immunostaining in the nuclei and cytoplasm of clinical samples was scored and expressed as labeling index to correlate with the clinical parameters of patients with early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma using SPSS software. Results: HDGF immunostaining was detected in both cytoplasm and nucleus of cervical adenocarcinoma. Compared with adjacent non-tumor tissue samples, HDGF expression was significantly increased in either nuclear or cytoplasmic compartment in cervical adenocarcinoma samples (P < 0.001). Moreover, elevated nuclear HDGF levels were correlated with lymph-vascular space invasion (P < 0.05), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), recurrence (P < 0.001), advaced grade(P < 0.001). Conclusions: HDGF overexpression is involved in the carcinogenesis of cervical adenocarcinoma. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Tsai
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Hsie, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - M. Tai
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Hsie, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - T. Hu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Hsie, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - S. Huang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Hsie, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - J. Lin
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Hsie, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - H. Chang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Hsie, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - C. ChangChien
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Hsie, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - C. Lai
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Hsie, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
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20
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Matsuda T, Uzuki M, Uchida T, Nakamura M, Tai M, Shiraishi N, Sazaki N, Yakushiji F, Tomiyama J, Suzuki S, Fujiki K, Taniguchi K. Induction of mononuclear cell infiltration into liver by Japanese herbal medicine. Drugs Exp Clin Res 2005; 31:207-14. [PMID: 16425977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Juzen-Taiho-To (JTT) is a Japanese herbal medicine that has been administered mainly to patients weakened by long illness. Currently, it has also been used for cancer patients and showed antitumor effects that have been reported as phagocytosis enhancement, cytokine induction and antibody production. In this study, we examined the effect of oral administration of JTT in mice on the immunological restoration of the liver, especially focused on natural killer (NK) T-cell induction. Mice were grouped to receive JTT or placebo orally for a period of 1, 3 and 7 days. After sacrifice, the liver tissue was fixed, embedded and stained with hematoxylineosin and some antibodies by common staining methods. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation was also carried out. Although the JTT-treated mice had the same appearance as the non-JTT-treated mice, their livers were infiltrated by massive mononuclear cells, some of which were aggregated in clusters. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that there was abundant cytokine expression of interleukin (IL)-12 and massive infiltration of mononuclear cells with large granules in the liver of JTT-treated mice. Oral administration of JTT may induce the expression of IL-12 and be followed by immunological restoration such as NK T-cell induction in liver
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Affiliation(s)
- T Matsuda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
Two cases of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome are reported. In the first case, a 56-year-old woman had an adenoma of the colon, arising within the Cronkhite-Canada polyps, which was removed by endoscopic polypectomy. This suggests possible neoplastic transformation of polyps in this syndrome. She achieved remission with corticosteroids, but the polyposis recurred (only in the stomach) 7 months after the remission. In the recurrent polyposis, corticosteroid therapy resulted again in complete remission, which has lasted for 5 years. In the second case, a 69-year-old man developed typical manifestations of the syndrome while under emotional stress. He had a past history of chronic pityriasis lichenoides, and serum antinuclear antibody was positive. These findings suggested a possible role of autoimmune response in the pathogenesis of the syndrome. Corticosteroids were also effective in this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Murata
- Third Department of Internal Medicine. University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, School of Medicine, Kitakyushu
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Abstract
Olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) transects the glutamatergic efferents from the olfactory bulbs, and the changes of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated function are though to be involved in the behavioral deficits seen in OBX rats. In the present study, irritability scores in OBX male Wistar rats were correlated with discrete regional effects on NMDA receptor function measured using a [3H] MK-801 binding assay. Irritability scores, measured before and for 2 weeks after OBX, showed a gradual increase in irritability after OBX. A reduction of the NMDA receptor density was observed in the cerebral cortex and amygdala 16 days after OBX, but not in the striatum, olfactory tubercle, entorhinal cortex, and hippocampus. These results demonstrate that OBX causes changes in the NMDA receptor system in certain brain regions and suggest that these changes may be responsible for the behavioral deficits of OBX rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ho
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Jen-Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tai
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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24
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Leone-Bay A, Freeman J, O'Toole D, Rosado-Gray C, Salo-Kostmayer S, Tai M, Mercogliano F, Baughman RA. Studies directed at the use of a parallel synthesis matrix to increase throughput in an in vivo assay. J Med Chem 2000; 43:3573-6. [PMID: 11000012 DOI: 10.1021/jm990416r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heparin is the anticoagulant of choice for hospitalized patients, but it is dosed only by injection because it is not absorbed following oral administration. We have discovered and prepared compounds (delivery agents) that facilitate the gastrointestinal absorption of heparin in rats, monkeys, and humans when given orally. We are currently developing a parallel synthesis approach to increase our delivery agent screening throughput in vivo. This approach has been used to produce micromolar quantities of compounds for testing in rats in a 5 x 5 parallel synthesis array. Using an amine benzoylation reaction sequence, 10 mixtures were prepared. These mixtures contained equal weight quantities of five N-substituted, non-alpha, amino acid delivery agents. Each of these mixtures was orally administered to rats in combination with heparin, and plasma clotting times (APTT) were measured to determine activity. Deconvolution of the data accurately identified the most active individual components. Independent synthesis of these compounds verified their activity. This parallel synthesis approach is an effective tool for the screening of oral heparin delivery agents and has increased screening throughput significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Leone-Bay
- Emisphere Technologies, Inc., 765 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591, USA.
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25
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Brin M, Tai M, Ostashever AS, Kalinsky H. The relative effects of pyridoxine deficiency on two plasma transaminases in the growing and in the adult rat. J Nutr 1998; 71:416-20. [PMID: 13804448 DOI: 10.1093/jn/71.4.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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26
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Tai M. The devastating consequence of iodine deficiency. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1998; 28 Suppl 2:75-7. [PMID: 9561638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endemic cretinism is the most striking consequence of iodine deficiency. Although cretinism is a serious condition, it usually involves only about 5% of the population even in serious endemic areas. There is a spectrum between cretinism and normality, many are able to perform simple work and look apparently normal, but it is difficult for them to perform skilled labor. Studies in China using the IQ distribution curve revealed that every person in an endemic area lost about 10-15 IQ points, so that the socio-economic development of the community was severely affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tai
- Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Heping, China
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27
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Leone-Bay A, Paton DR, Freeman J, Lercara C, O'Toole D, Gschneidner D, Wang E, Harris E, Rosado C, Rivera T, DeVincent A, Tai M, Mercogliano F, Agarwal R, Leipold H, Baughman RA. Synthesis and evaluation of compounds that facilitate the gastrointestinal absorption of heparin. J Med Chem 1998; 41:1163-71. [PMID: 9544216 DOI: 10.1021/jm970811m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A family of novel compounds (delivery agents) that promote the gastrointestinal absorption of USP heparin in rats and primates has been discovered. The delivery agents in combination with heparin were administered either orally or intracolonically in an aqueous propylene glycol solution and caused dramatic increases in both plasma heparin concentrations (anti-Factor Xa) and clotting times (APTT). Using one of the most effective delivery agents in this series, an estimated relative bioavailability of 8% can be achieved following oral administration to cynomolgus monkeys. To establish a correlation between the in vivo data and an in vitro parameter, immobilized artificial membrane (IAM) chromatography was performed. Log relative k' values were correlated to the efficiency of oral heparin delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Leone-Bay
- Emisphere Technologies, Inc., Hawthorne, New York 10532, USA
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28
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Jiang XM, Cao XY, Jiang JY, Tai M, James DW, Rakeman MA, Dou ZH, Mamette M, Amette K, Zhang ML, Delong GR. Dynamics of environmental supplementation of iodine: four years' experience of iodination of irrigation water in Hotien, Xinjiang, China. Arch Environ Health 1997; 52:399-408. [PMID: 9541360 DOI: 10.1080/00039899709602218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hotien prefecture, Xinjiang Province, China, in the Taklamakan Desert, is an area of severe iodine deficiency. Because usual methods of iodine supplementation failed here, we began supplementation in 1992 with potassium iodate, which was added to irrigation water (Lancet 1994; 334:107-110). We report 4 y experience with this method in 3 townships that contained a total treated population of 37,000. Potassium iodate was dripped into irrigation water (to a concentration 10-80 microg/l) during a 2- to 4-wk period. During the 3 y that followed, no further supplementation was made, and iodine concentrations increased several fold in crops and plants, sheep and chicken thyroid glands, and meat and in urine of children 2-6 y of age and of women who were of childbearing age. Infant mortality decreased 50%, and sheep production increased 43%. Iodine repletion of soil through irrigation water is an effective and cost-efficient way of providing iodine in appropriate situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Jiang
- Xinjiang Endemic Diseases Research Institute, Urumchi, People's Republic of China
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Inada T, Inada K, Kawachi S, Takubo K, Tai M, Yasugi H. Haemodynamic comparison of sevoflurane and isoflurane anaesthesia in surgical patients. Can J Anaesth 1997; 44:140-5. [PMID: 9043725 DOI: 10.1007/bf03013001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the haemodynamic responses to surgical incision during sevoflurane and isoflurane anaesthesia and to compare the haemodynamic effects of each anaesthetic alone with those obtained using an equipotent mixture of each anaesthetic plus N2O during steady-state surgical stimulation. METHODS Twenty-four patients undergoing gastrectomy were randomized to receive sevoflurane (n = 12) or isoflurane (n = 12). At 1.5 MAC, haemodynamic measurements were performed before and after surgical incision. During intestinal anastomosis, patients in each group were given (in random order) either 1.5 MAC of the designated anaesthetic or 0.85 MAC of the volatile plus 0.65 MAC N2O. Haemodynamic measurements were repeated under each condition. RESULTS One patient in the sevoflurane group and two in the isoflurane group were excluded from the incision study because of hypotension. In both groups, incision increased the heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), cardiac index, and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI). There were no intergroup differences in the effects of incision. Inclusion of N2O resulted in an increase of MPAP (P < 0.05) in both groups, an increase of central venous pressure and PCWP in the sevoflurane group (P < 0.005), and a decrease of HR (P < 0.005) and an increase of SVRI (P < 0.05) in the isoflurane group. There were no intergroup differences in the effects of N2O. CONCLUSIONS At 1.5 MAC, sevoflurane and isoflurane do not prevent the haemodynamic response to incision. The haemodynamic effects of each volatile anaesthetic with N2O are minimal compared with those of equi-MAC volatile alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Inada
- Department of Anaesthesia, Matsue Red Cross Hospital, Shimane, Japan
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Demachi K, Maeda H, Todo Y, Ojima K, Kokei T, Imaizumi H, Tai M, Nakajima Y, Narita H. [Studies on structure of light degradation products of (-)-(S)-10-(1-aminocyclopropyl)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3-dihyd ro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (T-3761) in aqueous solution and solid state]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 1995; 115:716-31. [PMID: 8523266 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi1947.115.9_716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The structures of light degradation products of (-)-(S)-10-(1-aminocyclopropyl)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3-dih ydr o-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (T-3761) in aqueous solution and in the solid state were investigated. In aqueous solution, ten products were detected using HPLC and in the solid state, one main product was detected. All these light degradation products were isolated and their structures were elucidated. It was revealed that in almost all light degradation products only the 1-aminocyclopropyl side chain at the 10-position of T-3761 is changed to various structures by light oxidation. Surprisingly we found a unique light degradation product, in which carboxylic acid at the 6-position of T-3761 is changed to the hydroxy moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Demachi
- Research Laboratories, Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan
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31
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Ono S, Yamafuji T, Chaki H, Morita H, Todo Y, Maekawa M, Kitamura K, Tai M, Narita H. Studies on cognitive enhancing agents. II. Antiamnestic and antihypoxic activities of 1-aryl-2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanols. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1995; 43:1488-91. [PMID: 7586071 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.43.1488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A series of 2-(2-aminoethoxy)-1-phenylethanols having a variety of N- and phenyl-substitution patterns as well as 5- and 6-membered heteroaryl counterparts of our prototype compound 1 (2-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)-1-phenylethanol) have been prepared and evaluated for antiamnestic and antihypoxic activities. Compound 3b, the 3-methylphenyl analogue of 1, proved to be significantly more potent than 1 in reversing electroconvulsive shock-induced amnesia as well as CO2-induced learning-impairment in mice. It exhibited low acute toxicity in mice and afforded a greater brain/serum concentration ratio than 1 after oral administration to rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ono
- Research Laboratories, Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan
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Ono S, Yamafuji T, Chaki H, Todo Y, Maekawa M, Kitamura K, Tai M, Narita H. Studies on cognitive enhancing agents. I. Antiamnestic and antihypoxic activities of 2-dimethylaminoethyl ethers and related compounds. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1995; 43:1483-7. [PMID: 7586070 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.43.1483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
N-(2-Dimethylaminoethyl)carboxamide (1a-d), 2-dimethylaminoethyl alkyl ether (2a, b), and 2-dimethylaminoethyl 2-hydroxy-2-phenethyl ether (3a-c) and its amino and methylene analogues (3d, 4) have been screened for antiamnestic and antihypoxic activities in mice. A clear reversing effect on electroconvulsive shock-induced amnesia was found with 1a-d, 2a,b, and 2-dimethylaminoethyl 2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl ether (3a). However, a protective effect against hypoxia was only observed with 3a. Compound 3a, which displayed the dual activity, was further investigated for ameliorating effect on CO2-induced memory impairment, and it was found to be more potent than indeloxazine and bifemelane. In addition, the acute toxicity of 3a in mice was significantly lower than that of tacrine, but its serum-to-brain penetration ability in rats was less than that of the reference drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ono
- Research Laboratories, Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan
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Ono S, Yamafuji T, Chaki H, Morita H, Todo Y, Okada N, Maekawa M, Kitamura K, Tai M, Narita H. Studies on cognitive enhancing agents. III. Antiamnestic and antihypoxic activities of a series of 1-bicycloaryl-2-(omega-aminoalkoxy)ethanols. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1995; 43:1492-6. [PMID: 7586072 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.43.1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
2-(2-Aminoethoxy)-1-hydroxyethyl derivatives of bicyclic arenes (naphthalene, thianaphthene, benzofuran, and indole) were prepared and screened for antiamnestic (AA) and antihypoxic (AH) activities which were evaluated by measuring the reversing potency in electroconvulsion-induced amnesia and the protective effect against hypoxia, respectively, in mice. Compound 3o, 1-(benzo[b]thiophen-5-yl)-2- (2-diethylaminoethoxy)ethanol, showed the best AA and AH activity profile, being superior to our prototype compound, 2-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)-1-phenylethanol (1). Elongation of the ethylene linkage in the side chain of 3o to 3- and 4-carbon moieties brought about a significant decrease in AH activity. Compound 3o was further investigated for its protective effect against CO2-induced memory impairment and for acute toxicity in mice. It is ten-fold more potent than tacrine in the amnesia-reversal assay and is considerably less toxic than tacrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ono
- Research Laboratories, Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan
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Abstract
Protein renaturation is of particular interest not only for the basic mechanisms of protein folding but also as a practical problem for proteins overexpressed in microorganisms, since recombinant proteins may accumulate as misfolded aggregates in "inclusion bodies" that are inactive after purification. We have established a systematic screening method to identify conditions which promote protein renaturation. A matrix of 50 different buffers, which were originally developed for protein crystallization, were found to facilitate the renaturation for eight of nine different proteins examined. The proteins tested include the adhesive protein bindin, recombinant bindin, and a variety of enzymes, including bacterial alkaline phophatase, horseradish peroxidase, lysozyme, trypsin, beta-galactosidase, rabbit carboxylesterase, and acetylcholinesterase. The total amount of activity recovered varied from 9 to 333% depending on the protein. The conditions that were found to promote renaturation are very different from the optimal conditions for enzyme activity. The finding that most of the proteins tested renatured to a significant extent in one or more of the buffers in the matrix suggests that the sparse matrix screen may be of general utility for establishing initial renaturation conditions for a wide variety of proteins. One initial renaturation conditions have been identified, the conditions may be optimized by systematically altering other parameters of the renaturation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hofmann
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine 92715, USA
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35
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Tai M, Fujimaki K, Simizu Y. [Determination of T-3761 in body fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography]. Jpn J Antibiot 1995; 48:621-5. [PMID: 7637196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatographic procedure was developed for determination of T-3761 in human serum and urine. The method was based on column switching for serum, and direct injection for urine. The peaks were monitored by ultraviolet detection. The calibration curve was linear and quantitative in the concentration range of 0.01-30 micrograms/ml for serum and 0.5-900 micrograms/ml for urine. The intra-assay coefficient of variation was less than 7%. The intra-day and inter-day coefficient of variation were less than 4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tai
- Research Laboratories, Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd
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36
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Tai M, Demachi K, Simizu Y. [Study of metabolism of T-3761 in animal]. Jpn J Antibiot 1995; 48:656-64. [PMID: 7637200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The metabolism of T-3761 in mouse, rat, rabbit, dog and monkey was studied. Four metabolites, other than unchanged T-3761, were detected and identified as follows: T-3761 glucuronide; T-3761M1, adduct of glucose; T-3761M2 and T-3761M3, compounds metabolized at 1-aminocyclopropyl ring. In urine of mouse, T-3761 glucuronide was mainly detected, but in urine of other animals, T-3761 was mainly detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tai
- Research Laboratories, Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd
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37
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Miyata S, Mikami H, Tai M, Hori T, Fujita H. Competitive binding radioassay for the determination of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine and 5-fluorodeoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate levels in plasma and tumor tissue. Jpn J Cancer Res 1991; 82:742-6. [PMID: 1830300 PMCID: PMC5918504 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1991.tb01911.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A competitive binding radioassay was developed to measure 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FUDR) as well as 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP), FdUMP has been measured by a competitive binding radioassay with thymidylate synthase as the binding enzyme (TS assay). FUDR was enzymatically converted to FdUMP by thymidine kinase, and then the converted FdUMP was measured by the competitive binding assay to determine the concentration of FUDR in plasma and tumor tissue. As little as 100 pg/ml of FUDR or 50 pg/ml of FdUMP can be detected quantitatively by this method. When TS assay and high-performance liquid chromatography were compared for the measurement of FUDR and FdUMP levels in plasma and tumor tissue of Ehrlich carcinoma (EC)-bearing mice following administration of FUDR, a close agreement was observed for FUDR levels, though low FdUMP levels were detectable only by the TS assay method. The examination of intracellular metabolism of FUDR in EC cells by this method showed that metabolic conversion of FUDR into FdUMP or 5-fluorouracil is rapid. Thus, we have established a highly sensitive method for measuring not only FdUMP but also FUDR with TS assay. This should be very useful for experimental and clinical studies on fluoropyrimidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Miyata
- Research Laboratories, Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd
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38
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Tai M, Sakai H, Nitta J, Hayakawa H, Sugimoto Y, Hayashi K, Maeda T. [Study on metabolism of pyridonecarboxylic acid II. Determination of metabolites of (+-)-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-fluoro-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)- 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid p-toluenesulfonate hydrate (T-3262) in blood, urine, bile, and feces]. Jpn J Antibiot 1989; 42:876-86. [PMID: 2769940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The fate of (+-)-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-fluoro-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl-1,4- dihyro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid p-toluenesulfonate hydrate (T-3262) was studied using T-3262 and 14C-T-3262 in various animals. 1. Metabolites in serum and urine were assayed for mouse, rat, rabbit, dog and monkey following oral administration of T-3262. In serum, besides unchanged T-3262 base, T-3262A (N-acetylated) was detected in rat, rabbit and monkey; T-3262B (deamino-hydroxylated) was detected in monkey. In urine, unchanged T-3262 base was excreted mainly. But a few of metabolites (T-3262A, T-3262B, T-3262 glucuronide, T-3262A glucuronide, T-3262B glucuronide, and unknown compound M-1) were detected, and species difference existed in types of metabolites. 2. Metabolites in bile and feces were assayed for mouse and rat following oral administration of T-3262 and 14C-T-3262. Metabolites in bile were similar to the urine, but the volume of T-3262A and T-3262A glucuronide was larger than in urine. In feces, the excreted compounds mainly consisted of unchanged T-3262 base. 3. p-Toluenesulfonic acid, which is the counter acid for T-3262 base, was absorbed following the oral administration of T-3262, and excreted in urine in the unchanged form.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tai
- Research Laboratory, Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd
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39
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Tai M, Konishi Y, Sugimoto Y, Demachi K, Maeda T. [Study on metabolism of pyridonecarboxylic acid. I. Isolation and identification of metabolites of (+-)-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-fluoro-1- (2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid p-toluenesulfonate hydrate (T-3262) in urine]. Jpn J Antibiot 1989; 42:868-75. [PMID: 2769939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Metabolism of (+-)-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-fluoro-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,4- dihydro-4- oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid p-toluenesulfonate hydrate (T-3262) was studied. Metabolites were isolated from urine of mouse, rat, rabbit, dog and monkey following oral administration of T-3262, and identified using high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Two metabolites, other than unchanged (+-)-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-fluoro-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,4- dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid (T-3262 base), in which 3-aminopyrrolidinyl ring of T-3262 was metabolized, were identified as: (+-)-7-(3-acetyl-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro- 1,4- dihydro-4-oxo-1, 8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid (T-3262A) in all animals: (+-)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-7-(3-hydroxy-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,4- dihydro- 4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid (T-3262B) in monkey. The glucuronide of T-3262 was detected in mouse, dog and monkey, the glucuronides of T-3262A and T-3262B were detected in monkey. M-I, unidentified metabolite, was detected only in mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tai
- Research Laboratory, Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd
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40
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Saikawa I, Nakajima Y, Tai M, Sakai H, Demachi K, Kajita T, Hayakawa H, Onoda M, Fukuda H, Sadaki H. [Studies on beta-lactam antibiotics for medicinal purposes. XXII. Studies on the metabolism of pivaloyloxymethyl (6R,7R)-7-[(Z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]- 3-[(5-methyl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl)methyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylate (T-2588) (2)]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 1986; 106:478-90. [PMID: 3761158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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41
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Saikawa I, Tai M, Sugimoto Y, Imaizumi H, Takeda K, Sadaki H. [Studies on beta-lactam antibiotics for medicinal purposes. XXI. Studies on the metabolism of pivaloyloxymethyl (6R,7R)-7-[(Z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]- 3-[(5-methyl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl)methyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylate (T-2588) (1)]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 1986; 106:466-77. [PMID: 3761157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Abstract
Ultracentrifugal analysis of ribosomal purity is complicated by the rapid reequilibration of ribosomes with their subunits, and this is further enhanced by the effects of hydrostatic pressure. Fixation of the ribosome system prior to ultracentrifugal analysis supposedly freezes the reequilibration, and thus tends to obviate these difficulties. However, no redistribution of the ribosome-subunit population must be allowed to occur during fixation. Thus, it is necessary that fixation be extremely rapid compared to the ribosome-subunit reequilibration, in order to avoid errors in analysis. It was the purpose of this investigation to make a direct experimental comparison of the rates of these two processes, fixation and ribosome-subunit reequilibration, using the stopped-flow technique with a light-scattering detector, under a variety of buffer environment readjustments. The following findings resulted from this study: (1) Fixation in Tris buffers could not be followed by light scattering because of interaction of glutaraldehyde with Tris, leading to continuous production of high molecular weight contaminants. (2) Polymerization of glutaraldehyde leads to increased ultraviolet absorption, which must not be confused with scattering changes. (3) Undialyzed ribosome solutions prepared by dissolving stock suspensions stored at high levels of magnesium and univalent electrolyte into a known standard buffer produced solutions having free Mg2+ levels lower than those of original buffer, complicating kinetic observations and threatening ribosome stability. (4) Addition of malonic acid as a buffer for Mg2+ largely eliminated this problem. (5) The kinetics of glutaraldehyde were measured quantitatively by studying the perturbation of ribosome association and dissociation kinetics produced during shifts of Mg2+ levels. (6) At fixative levels not producing coagulation, fixation kinetics can be competitive with those of association-dissociation. (7) Mass action effects like those of dilution can be caused by fixation, and can give rise to excess subunits, which may be mistaken for loose couples in original ribosome preparations.
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Abstract
Two samples of highly purified bovine beta-casein supplied to us by Dr. T.A.J. Payens of the National Institute for Dairy Research, Ede, The Netherlands, were studied over a range of concentration from just below the critical micelle concentration (CMC) to 0.46%, in 0.2 ionic strength phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 20 and 25 degrees C. The relaxation process studied by pressure jump using a 90 degree scattered light detector was also confirmed by the temperature-jump method. In the pressure-jump experiments, the process could be separated into two general time domains, with an approximate ratio of 10-25:1, a behavior reminiscent of that found for synthetic micellar systems. The faster relaxation process was still exhibited below the CMC, however. The concentration dependence of the faster relaxation time agreed very satisfactorily with predictions from the micelle model described in the companion paper.
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Abstract
The monomer-single polymer model of G.A. Gilbert (Disc. Faraday Soc. 20 (1955) 68) for moving boundary sedimentation has been used by Payens and colleagues to explain the observed results for bovine caseins, and by Harrington and colleagues to explain the observed results for myosin fibrils. Electron microscope pictures of Buchheim and Schmidt have subsequently revealed micellar beta-casein in the form of slightly elongated or spherical particles having a bimodal size distribution, but with a broad range of particle sizes, at concentrations not too far above the critical micelle concentration. The equilibrium properties of a broadly distributed micellar system can be fitted by the shell model developed by one of us, and in the present article, the shell model is extended to predict the moving boundary sedimentation behavior of such a system. The observed sedimentation patterns, as well as the critical concentration predictions of the monomer-single polymer Gilbert sedimentation model, are satisfactorily described with the present model, based on a continuous distribution of intermediates between monomers and the largest possible spherical micelles. For one example considered, the predicted frequency distribution of molecular weight is in qualitative agreement with the frequency distribution of particle volume found by Buchheim and Schmidt.
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Ishida S, Iwasa S, Akama K, Asakawa S, Tai M, Kurokawa M. The quantitative determination of the paw-swelling activity of pertussis vaccine with special reference to its responsible toxic components. Jpn J Med Sci Biol 1983; 36:157-70. [PMID: 6685199 DOI: 10.7883/yoken1952.36.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A method has been developed for quantitative determination of the early appearing mouse paw swelling activity of pertussis vaccine. Mice were inoculated with the vaccine into the left hind paws. The difference in the thicknesses between the inoculated and the uninoculated paws was taken as the swelling response in 16 hr after inoculation. It was transformed into logarithm as a response metameter. A linear log dose-log response regression line was obtained over a relatively wide range of doses of the vaccine. No deviation from parallelism was significant among the regression lines of different vaccines tested. The swelling activities relative to that of a reference vaccine of diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus combined (DPT) vaccines recently produced in Japan were determined. The relative activities ranged from 0.6 to 2.5, being twice the mean width of the 95% confidence interval of the relative activity. Further experiments showed that the activity significantly correlated with endotoxin and histamine-sensitizing factor (HSF) but not with lymphocytosis-promoting factor (LPF). In addition, the multiple regression analysis of such relationship suggested that the swelling activity is accounted for by the combined action of endotoxin and HSF. A model experiment with a mixture of the two toxins supported this conclusion.
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Saikawa I, Nakashima Y, Tai M, Sakai H, Takakura I, Ikegami T, Hayakawa H, Shugimoto Y, Yamafuji T, Miyaura T. [Pharmacological study of beta-lactam antibiotics (15). Metabolism of sodium 7 beta-[(2R,3S)-2-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinecarboxamido)-3- hydroxybutanamido]-7 alpha-methoxy-3- [1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl) thiomethyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylate (T-1982)]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 1983; 103:414-25. [PMID: 6415264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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47
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Takano S, Tai M, Sakai H, Takakura I, Ochiai H, Sugimoto Y, Fukuoka Y, Saikawa I. [Studies on beta-lactam antibiotics for medicinal purpose. XIV. Stability and degradation pattern of sodium 7 beta-[(2R, 3S)-2-(4-ethyl-2, 3-dioxo-1-piperazinecarboxamido)-3-hydroxybutanamido]-7 alpha-methoxy-3-[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thiomethyl]-3-cephem-4- carboxylate (T-1982) in aqueous solution]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 1983; 103:62-72. [PMID: 6864450 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi1947.103.1_62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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48
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Tai M, Fukuoka Y, Yotsuji A, Kumano K, Takahata M, Mikami H, Yasuda T, Saikawa I, Mitsuhashi S. In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of T-1982, a new semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1982; 22:728-34. [PMID: 6983861 PMCID: PMC185653 DOI: 10.1128/aac.22.5.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The activities of T-1982 (sodium 7 beta-[(2R, 3S)-2-(4-ethyl-2, 3-dioxo-1-piperazine-carboxamido)-3-hydroxybutanamido]-7 alpha-methoxy-3-[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thiomethyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylate) against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were compare with those of cefmetazole, cefoxitin, cefazolin, and cefoperazone. T-1982 was active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including genera resistant to the other cephalosporins. T-1982 exhibited greater activity than did cefmetazole, cefoxitin, cefazolin, or cefoperazone against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Serratia marcescens and was also highly active against Bacteroides fragilis. T-1982 was as stable to various beta-lactamases as were cefmetazole and cefoxitin. The therapeutic activities of T-1982 in mice experimentally infected with various gram-negative bacteria were superior to those of cefmetazole, cefoxitin, cefazolin, and cefoperazone.
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Takano S, Takakura I, Ochiai H, Momonoi K, Tanaka K, Shibata H, Komatsu M, Yasuda T, Tai M, Fukuoka Y, Saikawa I. [Studies on beta-lactam antibiotics for medicinal purpose. XII. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 7 beta-[alpha-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinecarboxamido)-alpha-substituted acetamido]-7 alpha-metoxycephalosporanic acids]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 1982; 102:617-28. [PMID: 7153851 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi1947.102.7_617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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50
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Takano S, Takakura I, Ochiai H, Momonoi K, Tanaka K, Todo Y, Yasuda T, Tai M, Fukuoka Y, Taki H, Saikawa I. [Studies on beta-lactam antibiotics for medicinal purpose. XIII. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 7 beta-[alpha-(4-alkyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinecarboxamido)-alpha-substituted acetamido]-7 alpha-methoxycephalosporanic acids]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 1982; 102:629-45. [PMID: 7153852 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi1947.102.7_629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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