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Vítková M, Zarzsevszkij S, Šillerová H, Karlova A, Šimek P, Wimmerová L, Martincová M, Urbánek B, Komárek M. Sustainable use of composted sewage sludge: Metal(loid) leaching behaviour and material suitability for application on degraded soils. Sci Total Environ 2024; 929:172588. [PMID: 38642754 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Composted sewage sludge was investigated as a promising material for the reclamation or remediation of degraded sites. Using sewage sludge as soil amendment provides environmental benefits and risks while supporting circularity and waste minimisation. This study aims to comprehensively assess the suitability of locally available low-cost sludge treatment for sustainable and environmentally safe topsoil disposal in a brownfield area affected by coal mining. A nine-month composting was conducted before field application to the soil environment. The objectives were to assess: (i) composting time-dependent and pH-dependent metal(loid) leachability from composted sludges, (ii) the effect of sludges on metal(loid) leachability from soil over the first six months, and (iii) metal(loid) plant uptake during the first vegetation season as well as the bioaccumulation and translocation factors. The set of standardised leaching experiments confirmed the positive effect of compost maturity, i.e. despite some fluctuations over time, metal(loid) availability from the final composts was very low. Some metals showed unusual pH-dependent behaviour with the highest leachability at pH 8 due to excessive release of dissolved organic matter from the not-yet-stabilised matrix. Ecotoxicity testing confirmed the safety of the final composts for further soil application. The sludge-amended plots displayed similar metal(loid) leaching and pH evolution in time compared to the control biomass-amended plot. However, plant species (Artemisia vulgaris L.) that formed the natural vegetation cover of the experimental plots showed cumulative metal(loid) uptake. Cadmium and zinc were identified as the critical metals possibly related to the applied sludges, yielding high bioaccumulation and translocation factors. Yet, the quality of the compost feedstock, heterogeneity, and background values of the brownfield site need to be considered. Nevertheless, soil respiration indicated no adverse effects on soil health six months after sludge application. Overall, the composted material demonstrated potential suitability for remediation application in the studied area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Szimona Zarzsevszkij
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Šillerová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Karlova
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Šimek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Wimmerová
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Martincová
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Boris Urbánek
- DEKONTA, a.s., Dřetovice 109, 273 42 Stehelčeves, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Lewandowská Š, Vaňková Z, Beesley L, Cajthaml T, Wickramasinghe N, Vojar J, Vítková M, Tsang DCW, Ndungu K, Komárek M. Nano zerovalent Fe did not reduce metal(loid) leaching and ecotoxicity further than conventional Fe grit in contrasting smelter impacted soils: A 1-year field study. Sci Total Environ 2024; 927:171892. [PMID: 38531450 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The majority of the studies on nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) are conducted at a laboratory-scale, while field-scale evidence is scarce. The objective of this study was to compare the metal(loid) immobilization efficiency of selected Fe-based materials under field conditions for a period of one year. Two contrasting metal(loid) (As, Cd, Pb, Zn) enriched soils from a smelter-contaminated area were amended with sulfidized nZVI (S-nZVI) solely or combined with thermally stabilized sewage sludge and compared to amendment with microscale iron grit. In the soil with higher pH (7.5) and organic matter content (TOC = 12.7 %), the application of amendments resulted in a moderate increase in pH and reduced As, Cd, Pb, and Zn leaching after 1-year, with S-nZVI and sludge combined being the most efficient, followed by iron grit and S-nZVI alone. However, the amendments had adverse impacts on microbial biomass quantity, S-nZVI being the least damaging. In the soil with a lower pH (6.0) and organic matter content (TOC = 2.3 %), the results were mixed; 0.01 M CaCl2 extraction data showed only S-nZVI with sludge as remaining effective in reducing extractable concentrations of metals; on the other hand, Cd and Zn concentrations were increased in the extracted soil pore water solutions, in contrast to the two conventional amendments. Despite that, S-nZVI with sludge enhanced the quantity of microbial biomass in this soil. Additional earthworm avoidance data indicated that they generally avoided soil treated with all Fe-based materials, but the presence of sludge impacted their preferences somewhat. In summary, no significant differences between S-nZVI and iron grit were observed for metal(loid) immobilization, though sludge significantly improved the performance of S-nZVI in terms of soil health indicators. Therefore, this study indicates that S-nZVI amendment of soils alone should be avoided, though further field evidence from a broader range of soils is now required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šárka Lewandowská
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Vaňková
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Luke Beesley
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic; School of Science, Engineering and Environment, Peel Building, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Niluka Wickramasinghe
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Vojar
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vítková
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kuria Ndungu
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, NO-0579 Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael Komárek
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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Ojo O, Vaňková Z, Beesley L, Wickramasinghe N, Komárek M. Evaluating the effectiveness of sulfidated nano zerovalent iron and sludge co-application for reducing metal mobility in contaminated soil. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8322. [PMID: 38594335 PMCID: PMC11004183 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Sewage sludge has long been applied to soils as a fertilizer yet may be enriched with leachable metal(loid)s and other pollutants. Sulfidated nanoscale zerovalent iron (S-nZVI) has proven effective at metal sorption; however, risks associated with the use of engineered nanoparticles cannot be neglected. This study investigated the effects of the co-application of composted sewage sludge with S-nZVI for the stabilization of Cd, Pb, Fe, Zn. Five treatments (control, Fe grit, composted sludge, S-nZVI, composted sludge and S-nZVI), two leaching fluids; synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP) and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) fluid were used, samples were incubated at different time intervals of 1 week, 1, 3, and 6 months. Fe grit proved most efficient in reducing the concentration of extractable metals in the batch experiment; the mixture of composted sludge and S-nZVI was the most effective in reducing the leachability of metals in the column systems, while S-nZVI was the most efficient for reducing about 80% of Zn concentration in soil solution. Thus, the combination of two amendments, S-nZVI incorporated with composted sewage sludge and Fe grit proved most effective at reducing metal leaching and possibly lowering the associated risks. Future work should investigate the longer-term efficiency of this combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omolola Ojo
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Vaňková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Luke Beesley
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Niluka Wickramasinghe
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Mitzia A, Böserle Hudcová B, Vítková M, Kunteová B, Casadiego Hernandez D, Moško J, Pohořelý M, Grasserová A, Cajthaml T, Komárek M. Pyrolysed sewage sludge for metal(loid) removal and immobilisation in contrasting soils: Exploring variety of risk elements across contamination levels. Sci Total Environ 2024; 918:170572. [PMID: 38309337 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Efficient treatment of sewage sludge may transform waste into stable materials with minimised hazardous properties ready for secondary use. Pyrolysed sewage sludge, sludgechar, has multiple environmental benefits including contaminant sorption capacity and nutrient recycling. The properties of five sludgechars were tested firstly for adsorption efficiency in laboratory solutions before prospective application to soils. A wide variety of metal(loid)s (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn) was involved. Secondly, the sludgechars (3 % v/v) were incubated in five soils differing in (multi)-metal(loid) presence and the level of contamination. The main aim was to evaluate the metal(loid) immobilisation potential of the sludgechars for soil remediation. Moreover, nutrient supply was investigated to comprehensively assess the material's benefits for soils. All sludgechars were efficient (up to 100 %) for the removal of metal cations while their efficiency for metal(loid) anions was limited in aqueous solutions. Phosphates and sulphates were identified crucial for metal(loid) capture, based on SEM/EDS, XRD and MINTEQ findings. In soils, important fluctuations were observed for Zn, being partially immobilised by the sludgechars in high-Zntot soils, while partially solubilised in moderate to low-Zntot soils. Moreover, pH showed to be crucial for material stability, metal(loid) adsorption ability and their immobilisation in soils. Although metal(loid) retention was generally low in soils, nutrient enrichment was significant after sludgechar application. Long-term evaluation of the material sorption efficiency, nutrient supply, and ageing in soil environments will be necessary in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Mitzia
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Böserle Hudcová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbora Kunteová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Casadiego Hernandez
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Moško
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 135, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic; Department of Power Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Pohořelý
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 135, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic; Department of Power Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Grasserová
- Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Praha 4 - Krč, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Praha 4 - Krč, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Astray B, Šípková A, Baragaño D, Pechar J, Krejci R, Komárek M, Chrastný V. Measuring Pb isotope ratios in fresh snow filtrate refines the apportioning of contaminant sources in the Arctic. Environ Pollut 2024; 345:123457. [PMID: 38341064 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The remoteness and low population in the Arctic allow us to study global environmental processes, where the analysis of indicators can provide useful information about local and distant pollution sources. Fresh snow represents a convenient indicator of regional and transboundary atmospheric contamination sources, entrapping aerosols, and particulates like a natural autosampler of the environment. Lead stable isotopes are widely used to trace and monitor local and distant pollution sources. However, the behavior of Pb within different snow components is still not thoroughly studied, and its significance could be underestimated if only larger particulates are accounted for. We collected snow and samples from potential sources (fuel, rocks, coal) in three Arctic localities: Nuuk (Greenland), Reykjavik (Iceland), and Longyearbyen (Svalbard). We separated the filtrate from the filter residue through 0.45 μm nitrocellulose membranes to isolate the low-diameter particles associated with long-range transport from larger particles of mostly local natural origin. Filtrates yielded higher EFs (enrichment factor as the Pb/Al ratio relative to the upper crust) than filtration residues (80 ± 104 and 2.1 ± 1.1, respectively), and Pb isotope signals similar to fuel and coal (206Pb/207Pb are 1.199 ± 0.028 in coal, 1.168 ± 0.029 in filtrates, 1.163 ± 0.013 in fuel, 1.137 ± 0.045 in residues, and 0.985 ± 0.020 in rocks). In contrast to filtrates, the filter residues present wider ranges of Pb isotope compositions and crustal contributions and lower EFs, so we suggest that filtrate contains Pb from fuel combustion more selectively, while the residue carries a more considerable contribution of local mineral dust that can mask the contribution of other anthropogenic or distant natural sources. These findings add weight to the notion that filtrates are a more selective measure of metal deposition from long-range anthropogenic emissions compared to analyzing bulk melted snow or only filter residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Astray
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Adéla Šípková
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Diego Baragaño
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono, INCAR-CSIC, Francisco Pintado Fe, 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jan Pechar
- Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská 1645/31a, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Radovan Krejci
- Department of Environmental Science - Atmospheric Science Unit & Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, S 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Komárek
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislav Chrastný
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic.
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Baragaño D, Berrezueta E, Komárek M, Menéndez Aguado JM. Magnetic separation for arsenic and metal recovery from polluted sediments within a circular economy. J Environ Manage 2023; 339:117884. [PMID: 37071952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Several metals and metalloids (e.g., As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) are toxic at low concentrations, thus their presence in sediments can raise environmental concern. However, these elements can be of economic interest, and several techniques have been used for their recovery and some of them have been widely applied to mining or to industrial soils, but not to sediments. In this work, wet high-intensity magnetic separation (WHIMS) was applied for As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn recovery from polluted sediments. A composite sample of 50 kg was taken in the Avilés estuary (Asturias, North Spain) with element concentrations above the legislation limits. Element distribution was assessed using wet-sieving and ICP-MS analysis, revealing that the 125-500 μm grain-size fraction accounts for the 62 w% of the material and that element concentration in this fraction is lower than in the other grain size fractions. Subsequently, WHIMS was applied at three different voltage intensities for the 125-500 μm and <125 μm fractions, revealing excellent recovery ratios, especially for the coarser material. Furthermore, magnetic property measurements coupled to microscopy analysis revealed that the success of the technique derives from concentrating metal-enriched iron oxides particles (ferro- and para-magnetic material) in a mixture of quartz and other minerals (diamagnetic particles). These results indicate the feasibility of the magnetic separation for metal and metalloid recovery from polluted sediments, and thus offer a double benefit of coastal area restoration and valuable material recovery in the context of a circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Baragaño
- Department of Mining Exploitation and Prospecting, Campus of Mieres, University of Oviedo, Mieres, 33600, Mieres, Asturias, Spain; Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - E Berrezueta
- Spanish Geological Survery (IGME-CSIC), Matemático Pedrayes, 25, 33005, Oviedo, Spain
| | - M Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - J M Menéndez Aguado
- Department of Mining Exploitation and Prospecting, Campus of Mieres, University of Oviedo, Mieres, 33600, Mieres, Asturias, Spain
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Kanianska R, Drimal M, Varga J, Komárek M, Ahado SK, Šťastná M, Kizeková M, Jančová Ľ. Critically raw materials as potential emerging environmental contaminants, their distribution patterns, risks and behaviour in floodplain soils contaminated by heavy metals. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9597. [PMID: 37311834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36477-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The expanding demand for new critical raw materials can lead to their increased release to the environment in the form of emerging environmental contaminants (EECs). However, there has never been a comprehensive study that takes into account the total EEC content, the content of various EEC fractions, their behaviour in floodplain soils, and potential ecological and human health risks. The occurrence, fractions, and influencing factors of the seven EECs (Li, Be, Sr, Ba, V, B, Se) originating from historical mining in floodplain soils of various ecosystems (arable lands, grasslands, riparian zones, contaminated sites) were investigated. Based on the evaluation of the overall levels of EECs (potentially toxic elements) in comparison to the soil guideline values set by European legislation for Be, Ba, V, B, and Se, it was found that only Be did not exceed the recommended limits. Among the elements analyzed, Li had the highest average contamination factor (CF) of 5.8, followed by Ba with 1.5 and B with 1.4. Particularly concerning was the discovery of a potential serious health risk associated with Li exposure for children, as indicated by hazard quotients ranging from 0.128 to 1.478. With the exception of Be and Se, the partitioning of the EECs into the different fractions revealed that the EECs are primarily bound with the residual fraction. Be (13.8%) had the highest percentage of exchangeable fraction as the most bioavailable in the first soil layer, followed by Sr (10.9%), Se (10.2%), Ba (10.0%), and B (2.9%). The most frequently observed correlations were between EEC fractions and pH/KCl, followed by soil organic carbon and manganese hydrous oxides. Variance analyses confirmed the impact of different ecosystems on EEC total content and fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslava Kanianska
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University Banská Bystrica, Tajovského 40, 974 01, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia.
| | - Marek Drimal
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University Banská Bystrica, Tajovského 40, 974 01, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Varga
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University Banská Bystrica, Tajovského 40, 974 01, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Michael Komárek
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Samuel Kudjo Ahado
- Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natrual Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Milada Šťastná
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědelská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miriam Kizeková
- National Agricultural and Food Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production,Grassland and Mountain Agriculture Institute, Mládežnícka 36, 974 21, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Ľubica Jančová
- National Agricultural and Food Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production,Grassland and Mountain Agriculture Institute, Mládežnícka 36, 974 21, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
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Liu K, Wang M, Zhang Q, Xu Z, Labianca C, Komárek M, Gao B, Tsang DCW. A perspective on the recovery mechanisms of spent lithium iron phosphate cathode materials in different oxidation environments. J Hazard Mater 2023; 445:130502. [PMID: 36493647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative extraction has become an economically viable option for recycling lithium (Li) from spent lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries. In this study, the releases behaviour of Li from spent LiFePO4 batteries under different oxidizing conditions was investigated with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) as the solid oxidant. We revealed that, due to the intervention of graphitic carbon, the generated species of Li in mechanochemical oxidation (NaClO:LiFePO4 at a molar ratio of 2:1, 5 min, and 600 rpm) was lithium carbonate (Li2CO3). The graphite layer provided a channel for the conversion of Li species released by mechanochemical oxidation. While in hydrometallurgical oxidation (NaClO:LiFePO4 at a molar ratio of 2:1 and 12.5 min), the presence of hydrogen species led to the formation of lithium chloride (LiCl). Moreover, life cycle assessment (LCA) demonstrated that for recycling 1.0 kg of spent LiFePO4 batteries, mechanochemical and hydrometallurgical oxidation could reduce carbon footprints by 2.81 kg CO2 eq and 2.88 kg CO2 eq, respectively. Our results indicate that the oxidative environment determines the release pathway of Li from the spent LiFePO4 cathode material, thereby regulating the product forms of Li and environmental impacts. This study can provide key technical guidance for Li recycling from spent LiFePO4 batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Environmental Technology and Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Environmental Technology and Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiaozhi Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zibo Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Claudia Labianca
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael Komárek
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Environmental Technology and Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Semerád J, Lhotský O, Filipová A, Urban O, Šírová K, Boháčková J, Komárek M, Cajthaml T. Remedial trial of sequential anoxic/oxic chemico-biological treatment for decontamination of extreme hexachlorocyclohexane concentrations in polluted soil. J Hazard Mater 2023; 443:130199. [PMID: 36279651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
During production of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH), thousands of tons of other isomers were synthesized as byproducts, and after dumping represent sources of contamination for the environment. Several microbes have the potential for aerobic and anaerobic degradation of HCHs, and zero-valent iron is an effective remediation agent for abiotic dechlorination of HCHs, whereas the combination of the processes has not yet been explored. In this study, a sequence of anoxic/oxic chemico-biological treatments for the degradation of HCHs in a real extremely contaminated soil (10-30 g/kg) was applied. Approximately 1500 kg of the soil was employed, and various combinations of reducing and oxygen-releasing chemicals were used for setting up the aerobic and anaerobic phases. The best results were obtained with mZVI/nZVI, grass cuttings, and oxygen-releasing compounds. In this case, 80 % removal of HCHs was achieved in 129 days, and 98 % degradation was achieved after 1106 days. The analysis of HCHs and their transformation products proved active degradation when slight accumulation of the transformation product during the anaerobic phase was followed by aerobic degradation. The results document that switching between aerobic and anaerobic phases, together with the addition of grass, also created suitable conditions for the biodegradation of HCHs and monochlorobenzene/benzene by microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Semerád
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Lhotský
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic; Dekonta a.s., Dřetovice 109, CZ-27342 Stehelčeves, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Filipová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Urban
- Dekonta a.s., Dřetovice 109, CZ-27342 Stehelčeves, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Šírová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Boháčková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague - Suchdol, CZ-165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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10
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Kelepertzis E, Matiatos I, Botsou F, Antonopoulou C, Lappas I, Dotsika E, Chrastný V, Boeckx P, Karavoltsos S, Komárek M. Assessment of natural and anthropogenic contamination sources in a Mediterranean aquifer by combining hydrochemical and stable isotope techniques. Sci Total Environ 2023; 858:159763. [PMID: 36309271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Atalanti basin is an intensively cultivated area in central Greece, facing groundwater quality deterioration threats due to natural and anthropogenic-related contamination sources. A combination of statistical and hydrogeochemical techniques, and stable isotope compositions (δ2H-H2O and δ18Ο-Η2Ο, δ15Ν-ΝΟ3- and δ18Ο-ΝΟ3-, δ34S-SO42- and δ18O-SO42-) were applied to elucidate the origin of salinity and nitrate contamination, and shed light on the potential associations between geogenic Cr(VI) and NO3- sources and transformations. Nitrate and Cr(VI) concentrations reached up to 337 mg L-1 and 76.1 μg L-1, respectively, exceeding WHO threshold values in places. The cluster of samples with the high salinity was mostly influenced by irrigation return flow and marine aerosols, and less by seawater intrusion, as evidenced by the ionic ratios (e.g., Na+/Cl-) and the stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in water, and sulphur and oxygen in sulphates. The δ15Ν-ΝΟ3- and δ18O-NO3- values ranged from +2.0 ‰ to +14.5 ‰ and + 0.3 ‰ to +11.0 ‰, respectively. We found that the dominant sources of NO3- in groundwater were fertilizers in the central part of the area and sewage waste in the northern part around the residential area of Livanates. The occurrence of denitrification was evident in the northern part of the basin, where the DO levels were lowest (≤ 2.2 mg L-1), whereas nitrification of NH4+-fertilizers prevailed in the central part. Elevated Cr(VI) values (≥ 20 μg/l) were associated with the lowest deviation of the measured from the theoretical nitrification δ18Ο-NO3- values, whereas the lowest Cr(VI) values were observed in the denitrified water samples. Our isotope findings revealed the strong influence of redox conditions on the biogeochemical transformations of N species and the mobilization of Cr(VI) that will help improve the understanding of the fate of these contaminants from the unsaturated zone to the groundwater in areas of agricultural and urban land use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstratios Kelepertzis
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 15784, Athens, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Matiatos
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 46.7 km of Athens-Sounio Ave., 19013 Anavissos Attikis, Greece
| | - Fotini Botsou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 157 84 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Antonopoulou
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Lappas
- Ministry of Environment and Energy, General Directorate of Water, Directorate of Protection and Management of Aquatic Environment, Department of Surface and Ground Water, 119 Mesogeion Ave., 115 26 Athens, Greece
| | - Elissavet Dotsika
- Stable Isotope Unit, National Centre for Scientific Research (N.C.S.R.) "Demokritos", Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Patriarchou Gregoriou (End) and Neapoleos Street, 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Vladislav Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Pascal Boeckx
- Isotope Bioscience Laboratory-ISOFYS, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Sotirios Karavoltsos
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 157 84 Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
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11
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Ratié G, Vaňková Z, Baragaño D, Liao R, Šípková A, Gallego JR, Chrastný V, Lewandowská Š, Ding S, Komárek M. Antagonistic Cd and Zn isotope behavior in the extracted soil fractions from industrial areas. J Hazard Mater 2022; 439:129519. [PMID: 35882173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The remobilization of metals accumulated in contaminated soils poses a threat to humans and ecosystems in general. Tracing metal fractionation provides valuable information for understanding the remobilization processes in smelting areas. Based on the difference between the isotopic system of Cd and Zn, this work aimed to couple isotope data and their leachability to identify possible remobilization processes in several soil types and land uses. For soil samples, the δ66/64Zn values ranged from 0.12 ± 0.05‰ to 0.28 ± 0.05‰ in Avilés (Spain) and from - 0.09 ± 0.05‰ to - 0.21 ± 0.05‰ in Příbram (Czech Republic), and the δ114/110Cd ranged from - 0.13 ± 0.05‰ to 0.01 ± 0.04‰ in Avilés and from - 0.86 ± 0.27‰ to - 0.24 ± 0.05‰ in Příbram. The metal fractions extracted using chemical extractions were always enriched in heavier Cd isotopes whilst Zn isotope systematics exhibited light or heavy enrichment according to the soil type and land uses. Coupling Zn and Cd systematics provided a tool for deciphering the mechanisms behind the remobilization processes: leaching of the anthropogenic materials and/or metal redistribution within the soil components prior to remobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ratié
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Z Vaňková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D Baragaño
- INDUROT and Environmental Biogeochemistry & Raw Materials Group, Campus de Mieres, University of Oviedo, 33600 Mieres, Spain
| | - R Liao
- Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - A Šípková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J R Gallego
- INDUROT and Environmental Biogeochemistry & Raw Materials Group, Campus de Mieres, University of Oviedo, 33600 Mieres, Spain
| | - V Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Š Lewandowská
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - M Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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12
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Xu Z, Wan Z, Sun Y, Gao B, Hou D, Cao X, Komárek M, Ok YS, Tsang DCW. Electroactive Fe-biochar for redox-related remediation of arsenic and chromium: Distinct redox nature with varying iron/carbon speciation. J Hazard Mater 2022; 430:128479. [PMID: 35739664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electroactive Fe-biochar has attracted significant attention for As(III)/Cr(VI) immobilization through redox reactions, and its performance essentially lies in the regulation of various Fe/C moieties for desired redox performance. Here, a series of Fe-biochar with distinct Fe/C speciation were rationally produced via two-step pyrolysis of iron minerals and biomass waste at 400-850 °C (BCX-Fe-Y, X and Y represented the first- and second-step pyrolysis temperature, respectively). The redox transformation of Cr(VI) and As(III) by Fe-biochar was evaluated in simulated wastewater under oxic or anoxic conditions. Results showed that more effective Cr(VI) reduction could be achieved by BCX-Fe-400, while a higher amount of As (III) was oxidized by BCX-Fe-850 under the anoxic environment. Besides, BCX-Fe-400 could generate more reactive oxygen species (e.g.,•OH) by reducing the O2, which enhanced the redox-related transformation of pollutants under the oxic situation. The evolving redox performance of Fe-biochar was governed by the transition of the redox state from reductive to oxidative related to the Fe/C speciation. The small-sized amorphous/low-crystalline ferrous minerals contributed to a higher electron-donating capacity (0.43-1.28 mmol g-1) of BCX-Fe-400. In contrast, the oxidative surface oxygen-functionalities (i.e., carboxyl and quinoid) on BCX-Fe-850 endowed a stronger electron-accepting capacity (0.71-1.39 mmol g-1). Moreover, the graphitic crystallites with edge-type defects and porous structure facilitated the electron transfer, leading to a higher electron efficiency of BCX-Fe-850. Overall, we unveiled the roles of both Fe and C speciation in maneuvering the redox reactivity of Fe-biochar, which can advance our rational design of electroactive Fe-biochar for redox-related environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibo Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Resources Engineering towards Carbon Neutrality, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhonghao Wan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Resources Engineering towards Carbon Neutrality, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Resources Engineering towards Carbon Neutrality, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Centre, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Resources Engineering towards Carbon Neutrality, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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13
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Baragaño D, Ratié G, Sierra C, Chrastný V, Komárek M, Gallego JR. Multiple pollution sources unravelled by environmental forensics techniques and multivariate statistics. J Hazard Mater 2022; 424:127413. [PMID: 34879507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Industrial sites affected by anthropogenic contamination, both past and present-day, commonly have intricate pollutant patterns, and source discrimination can be thus highly challenging. To this goal, this paper presents a novel approach combining multivariate statistics and environmental forensic techniques. The efficiency of this methodology was exemplified in a severely polluted estuarine area (Avilés, Spain), where factor analysis and clustering were performed to identify sub-areas with distinct geochemical behaviour. Once six clusters were defined and a pollution index applied, forensic tools revealed that the As speciation, Pb isotopes, and PAHs molecular ratios were useful to categorise the cluster groups on the basis of distinct pollution sources: Zn-smelting, coaly particles and waste disposal. Overall, this methodology offers valuable insight into pollution sources identification, which can be extended to comparable scenarios of complexly polluted environmental compartments. The information gathered using this approach is also important for the planning of risk assessment procedures and potential remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Baragaño
- INDUROT and Environmental Biogeochemistry & Raw Materials Group, Campus de Mieres, University of Oviedo, 33600 Mieres, Spain.
| | - G Ratié
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - C Sierra
- Escuela Superior de Ingenieros de Minas y Energía, Campus de Vegazana, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - V Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J R Gallego
- INDUROT and Environmental Biogeochemistry & Raw Materials Group, Campus de Mieres, University of Oviedo, 33600 Mieres, Spain
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14
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Veselská V, Šillerová H, Hudcová B, Ratié G, Lacina P, Lalinská-Voleková B, Trakal L, Šottník P, Jurkovič Ľ, Pohořelý M, Vantelon D, Šafařík I, Komárek M. Innovative in situ remediation of mine waters using a layered double hydroxide-biochar composite. J Hazard Mater 2022; 424:127136. [PMID: 34879539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The current demand for alternative water sources requires the incorporation of low-cost composites in remediation technologies. These represent a sustainable alternative to more expensive, commercially used adsorbents. The main objective of this comprehensive field-scale study was to incorporate the layered double hydroxides (LDHs) into the hybrid biochar-based composites and apply an innovative material to remediate As/Sb-rich mine waters. The presence of hydrous Fe oxides (HFOs) within the composite enhanced the total adsorption efficiency of the composite for As(V) and Sb(V). The kinetic data fitted a pseudo-second order model. Equilibrium experiments confirmed that the composite had a stronger interaction with As(V) than with Sb(V). The efficient removal of As(V) from mine water was achieved in both batch and continuous flow column systems, reaching up to 98% and 80%, respectively. Sb(V) showed different behavior to As(V) during mine water treatment, reaching adsorption efficiencies of up to 39% and 26% in batch and column experiments, respectively. The migration of Sb(V) in mine water was mostly attributed to its dispersion before it was able to show affinity to the composite. In general, the proposed column technology is suitable for the field remediation of small volumes of contaminated water, and thus has significant commercial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Veselská
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Šillerová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Hudcová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Gildas Ratié
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic; Univ. Orléans, CNRS, BRGM, ISTO, UMR 7327, F-45071 Orléans, France
| | - Petr Lacina
- GEOtest, a.s., Šmahova 1244/112, 627 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Lukáš Trakal
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Šottník
- Department of Mineralogy, Petrology and Mineral Deposits, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ľubomír Jurkovič
- Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michael Pohořelý
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic; Department of Power Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Delphine Vantelon
- SOLEIL synchrotron, L'orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin BP48 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Ivo Šafařík
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Biology Centre, ISB, CAS, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
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15
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Hiller E, Jurkovič Ľ, Faragó T, Vítková M, Tóth R, Komárek M. Contaminated soils of different natural pH and industrial origin: The role of (nano) iron- and manganese-based amendments in As, Sb, Pb, and Zn leachability. Environ Pollut 2021; 285:117268. [PMID: 33964561 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soils containing a large proportion of industrial waste can pose a health risk due to high environmentally available concentrations of toxic metal(loid)s. Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) and amorphous manganese oxide (AMO) were applied as immobilising amendments (1 wt%) to soils with different industrial origin of As and Sb, and leaching of As, Sb, Pb, and Zn was investigated using a single extraction with deionised water. The different industrial impact was reflected in the mineralogy, chemical composition and pH of these soils. Water-soluble As ratios positively correlated with pH in all experimental treatments. A significant decrease of water-soluble As ratios was observed in all nZVI-amended soils (~65-93% of the control) except for one sample with the lowest solution pH. Nano zero-valent iron was also successful in Sb immobilisation (~76-90% of the control). Highly variable results were obtained for AMO, which only led to a decrease of water-soluble As in soils with solution pH of ≥7 (~70-80% of the control), probably due to lower stability of AMO in acidic conditions. In each case, nZVI was more efficient at decreasing water-soluble As ratios than AMO. Dissolved Pb concentrations remained unchanged after the application of nZVI and AMO, and the decrease of Zn leaching using AMO was controlled mainly by soil pH increase induced by its application. According to the calculated saturation indices, tripuhyite (FeSbO4) was predicted to be the key mineral controlling Sb solubility in mine soils. Secondary Fe (hydr)oxides either originally present or newly formed due to nZVI oxidation were instrumentally identified at different stages of their transformation and metal(loid) retention. To conclude, nZVI is suitable for application to contaminated soils at a wide pH range, while the use of AMO for decreasing As leaching is limited to soils with pH ≥ 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Hiller
- Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ľubomír Jurkovič
- Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Tomáš Faragó
- Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Tóth
- Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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16
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Ratié G, Chrastný V, Guinoiseau D, Marsac R, Vaňková Z, Komárek M. Cadmium Isotope Fractionation during Complexation with Humic Acid. Environ Sci Technol 2021; 55:7430-7444. [PMID: 33970606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) isotopes are known to fractionate during complexation with various environmentally relevant surfaces and ligands. Our results, which were obtained using (i) batch experiments at different Cd concentrations, ionic strengths, and pH values, (ii) modeling, and (iii) infrared and X-ray absorption spectroscopies, highlight the preferential enrichment of light Cd isotopes bound to humic acid (HA), leaving the heavier Cd pool preferentially in solution (Δ114/110CdHA-Cd(aq) of -0.15 ± 0.01‰). At high ionic strengths, Cd isotope fractionation mainly depends on its complexation with carboxylic sites. Outer-sphere complexation occurs at equilibrium together with inner-sphere complexation as well as with the change of the first Cd coordination and its hydration complexes in solution. At low ionic strengths, nonspecific Cd binding induced by electrostatic attractions plays a dominant role and promotes Cd isotope fractionation during complexation. This significant outcome elucidates the mechanisms involved in HA-Cd interactions. The results can be used during (i) fingerprinting the available Cd in soil solution after its complexation with solid or soluble natural organic matter and (ii) evaluating the contribution of Cd complexation with organic ligands and phytoplankton-derived debris versus Cd assimilation by phytoplankton in seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gildas Ratié
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislav Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Damien Guinoiseau
- Université de Paris, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, F-13545 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Rémi Marsac
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes - UMR 6118, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Zuzana Vaňková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Kelepertzis E, Chrastný V, Botsou F, Sigala E, Kypritidou Z, Komárek M, Skordas K, Argyraki A. Tracing the sources of bioaccessible metal(loid)s in urban environments: A multidisciplinary approach. Sci Total Environ 2021; 771:144827. [PMID: 33529817 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the links between sources of magnetic particles and bioaccessibility of metal(loids) in environmental sampling media is crucial for better evaluating human health risks, although relevant information in the scientific literature is scarce. Here, soil, road and house dust samples from a heavy industrial area in Greece were characterized in a multidisciplinary study combining magnetic measurements, SEM/EDS analyses, bioaccessibility measurements and Pb isotopic analyses of bioaccessible Pb. The oral and inhalable bioaccessible fractions of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were assessed by applying simulated gastric and lung solutions. SEM/EDS analysis revealed the abundant presence of anthropogenic Fe-containing spherules of industrial origin in all sampling media, often containing minor contents of Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn. The inhalation bioaccessibility (%) in all environmental compartments was higher than the oral one for most elements analyzed in the present study. Clear associations between magnetic susceptibility and bioaccessible amounts of most of analyzed elements were encountered for the soil and road dust. The isotopic analyses of bioaccessible Pb showed that there are significant differences in the isotopic ratios between total and bioaccessible Pb. We conclude that Pb solubilized by the simulated gastric and lung extractions is principally anthropogenic, representing a mixture of industrial Pb and Pb related to the past usage of leaded petrol. Low values of 206Pb/207Pb were accompanied by high bioaccessible contents of Cd, Pb and Zn indicating that anthropogenic (mostly industrial) sources exert influence on the bioaccessible forms of these metals. Coupling magnetic and bioaccessibility measurements with stable isotopic technique of bioaccessible Pb is more reliable for determining Pb and other metal sources with high oral and inhalation bioaccessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstratios Kelepertzis
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 15784 Athens, Greece.
| | - Vladislav Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Fotini Botsou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 157 84 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Sigala
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Zacharenia Kypritidou
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Konstantinos Skordas
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Ariadne Argyraki
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 15784 Athens, Greece
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Kelepertzis E, Argyraki A, Chrastný V, Botsou F, Skordas K, Komárek M, Fouskas A. Metal(loid) and isotopic tracing of Pb in soils, road and house dusts from the industrial area of Volos (central Greece). Sci Total Environ 2020; 725:138300. [PMID: 32302831 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the metal(loid) contents (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Tl and Zn) and Pb isotopes in different environmental compartments (soil, road dust, house dust) from the industrial vicinity of Volos, central Greece. The area surrounding two steel factories, a cement plant, an industrial area and the city core were considered as potential hot spots of metal(loid) contamination. Significant anthropogenic enrichments of Cd, Pb and Zn in relation to local baseline were identified for the soil (median Enrichment Factors of 7, 15 and 8, respectively) and road dusts around the steel factory located at Velestino area. The high contents of As, Sb and Tl in the soil and road dust around the cement plant are attributed to natural sources of contamination associated with adjacent mineralization. The soil samples in the city core exhibited moderate enrichments with respect to typical tracers (Pb, Zn) of anthropogenic contamination in urban areas. Anthropogenic influences in terms of metal(loid) concentrations were more pronounced for the road and house dust material. The Pb isotopic ratios of soil (206Pb/207Pb = 1.154 to 1.194), road dust (206Pb/207Pb = 1.144 to 1.174) and house dust (206Pb/207Pb = 1.129 to 1.171) were between those of the local bedrock and anthropogenic Pb sources. Industrial Pb from the steel plant was the predominant anthropogenic Pb source with relative contributions of ~49% for the soil, ~42% for the road dust and ~44% for the house dust samples. For the road and house dust material, the geochemical signature obtained from Pb isotopic compositions and elemental ratios suggests additional contributors from vehicular emissions. The results of this study demonstrate the suitability of soil to trace natural and anthropogenic impacts in industrial areas and the sensitivity of the road and house dust material to record anthropogenic (industrial and vehicular-derived) contamination in such environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstratios Kelepertzis
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 15784, Athens, Greece.
| | - Ariadne Argyraki
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Vladislav Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Fotini Botsou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 157 84, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Skordas
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Aggelos Fouskas
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 15784, Athens, Greece
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Francová A, Chrastný V, Vítková M, Šillerová H, Komárek M. Health risk assessment of metal(loid)s in soil and particulate matter from industrialized regions: A multidisciplinary approach. Environ Pollut 2020; 260:114057. [PMID: 32004969 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, samples of soil and particulate matter obtained from the highly industrialized region of Ostrava, Czech Republic, are used for the toxicity evaluation of the selected metal(loid)s (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, As). We investigated the samples from sites supposedly affected the most by the local pollution sources using mineralogical techniques (XRD, SEM/EDS) to understand the solid speciation of the contaminants as the crucial factor affecting their release. Although the bulk composition was defined by common silicates and oxides that are rather resistant to leaching, the presence of tiny Ni, Pb, and/or Zn sulfate-like droplets indicated a potential increase of the solubility of these metals. In vitro tests simulating gastric and lung fluids were used to assess the exposure risk for humans, as well as metal(loid) bioaccessibility. Based on the results, the potential risk for the observed age group (3-year-old children) could be recognized, particularly in the cases of As, Pb and Cd for both oral and inhalation exposure. Arsenic exhibits high bioaccessibility (7.13-79.7%, with the median values of 10.6 and 15.6 for SGL and SLF, respectively), high daily intake (1.4- to 8.5-fold higher than the tolerable daily intake) and high concentrations in atmospheric PM10 (2.5 times the tolerable concentration in air). In contrast, Ni exceeded tolerable concentrations in the atmosphere up to 20-fold, but its bioaccessibility remained relatively low (0.1-22%), and Ni did not pose a major threat to human health. Cadmium, Pb and As originating from industrial activities and domestic heating have been suggested to be the most important pollutants (tolerable daily intake was exceeded by up to 74-, 34- and 8-fold for Cd, Pb and As, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Francová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislav Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Šillerová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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Mitzia A, Vítková M, Komárek M. Assessment of biochar and/or nano zero-valent iron for the stabilisation of Zn, Pb and Cd: A temporal study of solid phase geochemistry under changing soil conditions. Chemosphere 2020; 242:125248. [PMID: 31896196 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The remediation of a soil contaminated with Zn, Pb and Cd was tested by using biochar (BC), nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) and a combination of these two (BC + nZVI). Each amendment was individually applied to the soil at 2 wt%. We tested the influence of (i) the used amendments, (ii) time, and (iii) soil moisture conditions on the metal availability and soil physico-chemical parameters using various extraction methods, as well as soil pore water samplings. We found that metal availability was mainly affected by pH under the influence of time and water content. Among the tested treatments, BC was the most successful, resulting in the lowest amounts of the target metals in the pore water and the smallest temporal changes in metal concentrations and pH in the soil. The use of nZVI efficiently decreased water-extractable Pb in the short- and long-term. The BC + nZVI treatment also yielded promising results regarding the immobilisation of the studied metals. Time provoked a general decrease in pH, which occasionally increased the available metal concentrations. Raising the soil water content increased the pH and subsequently lowered the available metal concentrations in the pore water. The mechanisms of metal stabilisation were further investigated by SEM/EDS. The results indicated that the used soil amendments enhanced the binding of Zn, Pb, and Cd on Fe/Mn/Al oxides/hydroxides, which in turn resulted in the stabilisation of the target metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Mitzia
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic.
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Teodoro M, Hejcman M, Vítková M, Wu S, Komárek M. Seasonal fluctuations of Zn, Pb, As and Cd contents in the biomass of selected grass species growing on contaminated soils: Implications for in situ phytostabilization. Sci Total Environ 2020; 703:134710. [PMID: 31731151 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Phytostabilization aims to immobilize contaminants at the rhizosphere level using the root system of adapted plants. In order to exploit wild grasses with potential for phytostabilization, a screening throughout the year was conducted at a site contaminated by Pb and Zn. Three plant species were chosen: Agrostis capillaris, Arrhenatherum elatius and Calamagrostis epigeios. Rhizospheric soil and biomass was used for chemical characterization. Above- and below-ground was analyzed. For each sample, arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi colonization was determined. The highest concentrations of Pb were found in the A. capillaris rhizosphere (3417 mg kg-1), and in A. elatius for Zn (3876 mg kg-1). CaCl2-extractable Zn in the rhizosphere of C. epigeios was the lowest and Pb was lower for A. elatius. CaCl2-extractable Cd was neither species-dependent nor time-dependent. Arsenic was not species-dependent. The fractionation of target elements did not show differences between separate sampling campaigns and Pb was the only element that showed differences during the year. A. capillaris showed the best capacity to take up elements. The colonization by AMF did not show significant differences for different sampling times, or interactions between time and species, however differences were found for different species, i.e., C. epigeios showed significantly lower colonization by arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi. Our results indicate that A. capillaris appears to be a good indigenous candidate for phytostabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Teodoro
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Hejcman
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Songlin Wu
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic; Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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Hudcová B, Erben M, Vítková M, Komárek M. Antimonate adsorption onto Mg-Fe layered double hydroxides in aqueous solutions at different pH values: Coupling surface complexation modeling with solid-state analyses. Chemosphere 2019; 229:236-246. [PMID: 31078880 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the importance of Sb behavior under different pH conditions has been addressed with respect to its stabilization in aqueous solutions using Mg-Fe layered double hydroxides (LDHs). The Sb(V) adsorption onto Mg-Fe LDHs was performed at different initial Sb(V) concentrations and pH values (pH 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5). The removal rate and the maximal adsorbed amount increased with decreasing pH values. Moreover, the surface complexation modeling (SCM) predicted preferable formation of monodentate mononuclear and bidentate binuclear complexes on the Mg-Fe LDH surface. Spectroscopic (X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and microscopic (scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) techniques were used to further specify the adsorption mechanisms. The influence of chemical adsorption, surface-induced precipitation of brandholzite Mg[Sb(OH)6]2·6H2O, formation of brandholzite-like phases and/or anion exchange was observed. Moreover, Sb(V) was nonhomogeneously distributed on the Mg-Fe LDH surface at all pH values. The surface complexation modeling supported by solid-state analyses provided a strong tool to investigate the binding arrangements of Sb(V) on the Mg-Fe LDH surface. Such a complex mechanistic/modeling approach has not previously been presented and enables prediction of the Sb(V) adsorption behavior onto Mg-Fe LDHs under different conditions, evaluating their possible use in actual applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Hudcová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague-Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Erben
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague-Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague-Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic.
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Ouředníček P, Hudcová B, Trakal L, Pohořelý M, Komárek M. Synthesis of modified amorphous manganese oxide using low-cost sugars and biochars: Material characterization and metal(loid) sorption properties. Sci Total Environ 2019; 670:1159-1169. [PMID: 31018432 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, amorphous Mn oxides (AMOs) and their composites with biochar (BC) were synthesized using different sugars (glucose, sucrose, and molasses), and their sorption efficiency toward Zn(II), Cd(II), and As(V) was tested. Additionally, detailed characterization of synthesized materials using various solid-state analysis methods (e.g. XRD, FTIR-ATR, and/or SEM-EDX) was also performed. Despite glucose-based AMOs presented higher sorption efficiency for As(V), i.e., 0.73 mmol g-1 (glucose) > 0.27 mmol g-1 (sucrose and molasses), similar sorption efficiency toward Zn(II), i.e., 0.80 mmol g-1 (glucose and molasses) > 0.66 (sucrose) and Cd(II) (0.71-0.74 mmol g-1 (sucrose and molasses) > 0.36 mmol g-1 (glucose), was observed for sucrose- and molasses-based AMOs under the given conditions. Next, the sorption efficiency of all AMO/BC composites was proportional to their AMO content. Finally, Mn(II) leaching from the structure of the new AMOs was negligible compared to that observed for the glucose-based AMOs, in this study as well as in other similar studies. Moreover, using molasses as reducing agent during AMO synthesis dramatically decreased the total cost of the final materials, which suggested that these new AMOs could represent interesting alternatives for standard remediation technologies. The AMOs synthesized using low-cost sugars could, therefore, be promising materials for real field applications, since the main disadvantages of using standard AMOs are mitigated. Nevertheless, the efficiency and stability of these composites under real-life conditions must be tested prior to their direct application for remediation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ouředníček
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha, 165 00 Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Hudcová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha, 165 00 Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Trakal
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha, 165 00 Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Micheal Pohořelý
- Environmental Process Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic, v.v.i., Rozvojová 135, Praha 6, Suchdol 165 02, Czech Republic; Department of Power Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha, 165 00 Suchdol, Czech Republic
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24
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Veselská V, Šillerová H, Göttlicher J, Michálková Z, Siddique JA, Číhalová S, Chrastný V, Steininger R, Mangold S, Komárek M. The role of soil components in synthetic mixtures during the adsorption and speciation changes of Cr(VI): Conjunction of the modeling approach with spectroscopic and isotopic investigations. Environ Int 2019; 127:848-857. [PMID: 31075676 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates redox transitions associated with the adsorption of Cr(VI) on commonly occurring soil components (silicates, oxides and humic acids) and their synthetic mixtures by coupling the mechanistic surface complexation modeling with spectroscopic and isotopic analyses. The mixtures of soil components were prepared to reflect the composition of the real anthroposol sample, determined by X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), total organic carbon (TOC) measurement and extraction methods. The effect of different initial Cr(VI) concentrations (2×10-2, 5×10-4, 10-4, 10-5, and 10-6M), background electrolyte (10-3, 10-2, and 10-1M KNO3), pH values (3-9), and sorbate/sorbent ratios (2g/L - 20g/L) were investigated. Maghemite and ferrihydrite were confirmed to be the main phases controlling Cr(VI) adsorption with increasing Cr(VI) concentration. Humic acids were primarily responsible for Cr(VI) reduction, especially at low pH values. The reduction of Cr(VI) was also proved in case of illite and kaolinite by XAS and isotopic analyses. Illite revealed higher reduction capacity in comparison with kaolinite based on XAS measurements. Chromium isotopic fractionation, resulting from Cr(VI) reduction, was the highest in the case of humic acids, followed by kaolinite and illite. However, a dissolution of intrinsic Cr originally present within kaolinite and illite might affect the final Cr isotopic composition of the supernatants due to its different Cr isotopic signature. In general, the combination of three different approaches was confirmed to offer more comprehensive information about Cr(VI) adsorption and/or reduction in soils. Detailed studies using soil mixtures can help to predict how the soil components affect Cr(VI) behavior in natural soils and possibly could improve the environmental remediation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Veselská
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-16500 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Šillerová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jörg Göttlicher
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, DE-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Zuzana Michálková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jamal A Siddique
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sylva Číhalová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislav Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ralph Steininger
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, DE-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stefan Mangold
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, DE-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-16500 Prague, Czech Republic
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25
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Sun Y, Yu IKM, Tsang DCW, Cao X, Lin D, Wang L, Graham NJD, Alessi DS, Komárek M, Ok YS, Feng Y, Li XD. Multifunctional iron-biochar composites for the removal of potentially toxic elements, inherent cations, and hetero-chloride from hydraulic fracturing wastewater. Environ Int 2019; 124:521-532. [PMID: 30685454 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper evaluates a novel sorbent for the removal of potentially toxic elements, inherent cations, and hetero-chloride from hydraulic fracturing wastewater (FWW). A series of iron-biochar (Fe-BC) composites with different Fe/BC impregnation mass ratios (0.5:1, 1:1, and 2:1) were prepared by mixing forestry wood waste-derived BC powder with an aqueous FeCl3 solution and subsequently pyrolyzing them at 1000 °C in a N2-purged tubular furnace. The porosity, surface morphology, crystalline structure, and interfacial chemical behavior of the Fe-BC composites were characterized, revealing that Fe chelated with CO bonds as COFe moieties on the BC surface, which were subsequently reduced to a CC bond and nanoscale zerovalent Fe (nZVI) during pyrolysis. The performance of the Fe-BC composites was evaluated for simultaneous removal of potentially toxic elements (Cu(II), Cr(VI), Zn(II), and As(V)), inherent cations (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Ba, and Sr), hetero-chloride (1,1,2-trichlorethane (1,1,2-TCA)), and total organic carbon (TOC) from high-salinity (233 g L-1 total dissolved solids (TDS)) model FWW. By elucidating the removal mechanisms of different contaminants, we demonstrated that Fe-BC (1:1) had an optimal reducing/charge-transfer reactivity owing to the homogenous distribution of nZVI with the highest Fe0/Fe2+ ratio. A lower Fe content in Fe-BC (0.5:1) resulted in a rapid exhaustion of Fe0, while a higher Fe content in Fe-BC (2:1) caused severe aggregation and oxidization of Fe0, contributing to its complexation/(co-)precipitation with Fe2+/Fe3+. All of the synthesized Fe-BC composites exhibited a high removal capacity for inherent cations (3.2-7.2 g g-1) in FWW through bridging with the CO bonds and cation-π interactions. Overall, this study illustrated the potential efficacy and mechanistic roles of Fe-BC composites for (pre-)treatment of high-salinity and complex FWW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Iris K M Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Daohui Lin
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Linling Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Nigel J D Graham
- Environmental and Water Resources Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Daniel S Alessi
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Michael Komárek
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI), Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yujie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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26
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Hudcová B, Vítková M, Ouředníček P, Komárek M. Stability and stabilizing efficiency of Mg-Fe layered double hydroxides and mixed oxides in aqueous solutions and soils with elevated As(V), Pb(II) and Zn(II) contents. Sci Total Environ 2019; 648:1511-1519. [PMID: 30340296 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although the mechanisms of metal(loid) removal from aqueous solutions using LDHs (layered double hydroxides) and mixed oxides (thermally treated LDHs; CLDHs) have been studied, research dealing with their stability, stabilizing efficiency and remediation potential for contaminated soils remains scarce. We present a complex study investigating the stabilizing efficiency of Mg-Fe LDHs and CLDHs at different conditions, including aqueous solutions and real soils with highly elevated As(V), Pb(II) and Zn(II) concentrations. All studied materials showed excellent (ad)sorption efficiency for As(V), Pb(II) and Zn(II) in aqueous solutions. Additionally, the reconstruction ability of CLDHs at different conditions that could improve their adsorption properties was also evaluated, and the dependence on time, pH and the concentrations of metal(loid)s was shown. In general, CLDHs showed higher stability and stabilizing efficiency in aqueous and soil solutions; however, LDHs were more efficient in contaminated soils. Furthermore, solid state analyses coupled with geochemical modeling showed the formation of new phases corresponding to Mg‑carbonates/silicates on the surfaces of LDH/CLDH after their incubation in soils. Both LDHs and CLDHs significantly decreased the bioavailable/labile fraction of As(V) and Zn(II) in the studied soils. In general, our work shows Mg-Fe LDHs and CLDHs as prospective materials for water and soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Hudcová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague-Suchdol 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague-Suchdol 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Ouředníček
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague-Suchdol 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague-Suchdol 165 00, Czech Republic.
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27
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Wu S, Vosátka M, Vogel-Mikus K, Kavčič A, Kelemen M, Šepec L, Pelicon P, Skála R, Valero Powter AR, Teodoro M, Michálková Z, Komárek M. Nano Zero-Valent Iron Mediated Metal(loid) Uptake and Translocation by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbioses. Environ Sci Technol 2018; 52:7640-7651. [PMID: 29894629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) has great potential in the remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated soils, but its efficiency in metal(loid) stabilization in the plant-microbe continuum is unclear. This study investigated nZVI-mediated metal(loid) behavior in the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal-maize ( Zea mays L.) plant association. Plants with AM fungal inoculation were grown in metal(loid)- (mainly Zn and Pb) contaminated soils (Litavka River, Czech Republic) amended with/without 0.5% (w/w) nZVI. The results showed that nZVI decreased plant metal(loid) uptake but inhibited AM development and its function in metal(loid) stabilization in the rhizosphere. AM fungal inoculation alleviated the physiological stresses caused by nZVI and restrained nZVI efficiency in reducing plant metal(loid) uptake. Micro proton-induced X-ray emission (μ-PIXE) analysis revealed the sequestration of Zn (possibly through binding to thiols) by fungal structures in the roots and the precipitation of Pb and Cu in the mycorrhizal root rhizodermis (possibly by Fe compounds originated from nZVI). XRD analyses further indicated that Pb/Fe mineral transformations in the rhizosphere were influenced by AM and nZVI treatments. The study revealed the counteractive effects of AM and nZVI on plant metal(loid) uptake and uncovered details of metal(loid) behavior in the AM fungal-root-nZVI system, calling into question about nZVI implementation in mycorrhizospheric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Wu
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences , Czech University of Life Sciences Prague , Kamýcká 129 , 165 00 Prague-Suchdol , Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Vosátka
- Department of Mycorrhizal Symbioses, Institute of Botany , Czech Academy of Sciences , 272 53 Pruhonice , Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Vogel-Mikus
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty , University of Ljubljana , Jamnikarjeva 101 , SI-1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia
- Jozef Stefan Institute , Jamova 39 , SI-1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Anja Kavčič
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty , University of Ljubljana , Jamnikarjeva 101 , SI-1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Mitja Kelemen
- Jozef Stefan Institute , Jamova 39 , SI-1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Luka Šepec
- Jozef Stefan Institute , Jamova 39 , SI-1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Primož Pelicon
- Jozef Stefan Institute , Jamova 39 , SI-1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Roman Skála
- Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Rozvojová 269 , CZ-165 00 Prague 6 , Czech Republic
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science , Charles University in Prague , Albertov 6 , CZ-128 43 Prague 2 , Czech Republic
| | - Antonio Roberto Valero Powter
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences , Czech University of Life Sciences Prague , Kamýcká 129 , 165 00 Prague-Suchdol , Czech Republic
| | - Manuel Teodoro
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences , Czech University of Life Sciences Prague , Kamýcká 129 , 165 00 Prague-Suchdol , Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Michálková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences , Czech University of Life Sciences Prague , Kamýcká 129 , 165 00 Prague-Suchdol , Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences , Czech University of Life Sciences Prague , Kamýcká 129 , 165 00 Prague-Suchdol , Czech Republic
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28
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Vítková M, Puschenreiter M, Komárek M. Effect of nano zero-valent iron application on As, Cd, Pb, and Zn availability in the rhizosphere of metal(loid) contaminated soils. Chemosphere 2018; 200:217-226. [PMID: 29486361 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Characterisation of geochemical transformations and processes in soils with special focus on the rhizosphere is crucial for assessing metal(loid) bioavailability to plants during in situ immobilisation and phytostabilisation. In this study, the effects of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) were investigated in terms of the immobilisation of As, Zn, Pb and Cd in two soil types and their potential uptake by plants using rhizobox experiments. Such system allowed monitoring the behaviour of trace elements in rooted and bulk soil compartments separately. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) were tested for As-rich (15.9 g As kg-1) and Zn-rich (4.1 g Zn kg-1) soil samples, respectively. The application of nZVI effectively lowered the uptake of all target risk elements into plant tissues. Efficient immobilisation of As was determined in the As-soil without a significant difference between plant and bulk soil compartments. Similarly, a significant decrease was determined for CaCl2-available fractions of Zn, Pb and Cd in nZVI-treated Zn-soil. The behaviour of As corresponded to changes in Eh, while Zn and Cd showed to be mainly pH-dependent. However, despite the observed stabilisation effect of nZVI, high amounts of As and Zn still remained available for plants. Furthermore, the accumulation of the target risk elements in roots and the overall effect of nZVI transformations in the rhizosphere were verified and visualised by SEM/EDS. The following immobilising mechanisms were suggested: (i) sorption onto both existing and newly formed Fe (hydr)oxides, (ii) formation of secondary Fe-As phases, and (iii) sorption onto Mn (hydr)oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Markus Puschenreiter
- Institute of Soil Research, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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29
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Trakal L, Michálková Z, Beesley L, Vítková M, Ouředníček P, Barceló AP, Ettler V, Číhalová S, Komárek M. AMOchar: Amorphous manganese oxide coating of biochar improves its efficiency at removing metal(loid)s from aqueous solutions. Sci Total Environ 2018; 625:71-78. [PMID: 29289008 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel sorbent made from biochar modified with an amorphous Mn oxide (AMOchar) was compared with pure biochar, pure AMO, AMO+biochar mixtures and biochar+birnessite composite for the removal of various metal(loid)s from aqueous solutions using adsorption and solid-state analyses. In comparison with the pristine biochar, both Mn oxide-biochar composites were able to remove significantly greater quantities of various metal(loid)s from the aqueous solutions, especially at a ratio 2:1 (AMO:biochar). The AMOchar proved most efficient, removing almost 99, 91 and 51% of Pb, As and Cd, respectively. Additionally, AMOchar and AMO+biochar mixture exhibited reduced Mn leaching, compared to pure AMO. Therefore, it is concluded that the synthesis of AMO and biochar is able to produce a double acting sorbent ('dorbent') of enhanced efficiency, compared with the individual deployment of their component materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Trakal
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Michálková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Luke Beesley
- The James Hutton Institute, Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Group, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15, 8QH, UK
| | - Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Ouředníček
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Andreu Piqueras Barceló
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Ettler
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Sylva Číhalová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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30
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Chrastný V, Šillerová H, Vítková M, Francová A, Jehlička J, Kocourková J, Aspholm PE, Nilsson LO, Berglen TF, Jensen HKB, Komárek M. Unleaded gasoline as a significant source of Pb emissions in the Subarctic. Chemosphere 2018; 193:230-236. [PMID: 29136569 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
After the phasing out of leaded gasoline, Pb emissions to the atmosphere dramatically decreased, and other sources became more significant. The contribution of unleaded gasoline has not been sufficiently recognized; therefore, we evaluated the impact of Pb from unleaded gasoline in a relatively pristine area in Subarctic NE Norway. The influence of different endmembers (Ni slag and concentrate from the Nikel smelter in Russia, PM10 filters, and traffic) on the overall Pb emissions was determined using various environmental samples (snow, lichens, and topsoils) and Pb isotope tracing. We found a strong relationship between Pb in snow and the Ni smelter. However, lichen samples and most of the topsoils were contaminated by Pb originating from the current use of unleaded gasoline originating from Russia. Historical leaded and recent unleaded gasoline are fully distinguishable using Pb isotopes, as unleaded gasoline is characterized by a low radiogenic composition (206Pb/207Pb = 1.098 and 208Pb/206Pb = 2.060) and remains an unneglectable source of Pb in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Šillerová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Francová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Jehlička
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kocourková
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Paul E Aspholm
- NIBIO, Norsk Institutt for Bioøkonomi/Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway
| | - Lars O Nilsson
- NIBIO, Norsk Institutt for Bioøkonomi/Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway
| | - Tore F Berglen
- Urban Environment and Industry Department, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
| | | | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
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31
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Michálková Z, Martínez-Fernández D, Komárek M. Interactions of two novel stabilizing amendments with sunflower plants grown in a contaminated soil. Chemosphere 2017; 186:374-380. [PMID: 28802129 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Several efficient stabilizing amendments have been recently proposed for the remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated soils. However, information on their interactions with plants, which is a crucial factor in soil environments, are still scarce. An amorphous manganese oxide (AMO) synthesized from organic compounds and nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) have been previously tested as promising stabilizing agents usable both for the stabilization of metals and As. Experiments with rhizoboxes were performed in order to evaluate their influence on the mobility of metal(loid)s in the bulk soil and rhizosphere of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) together with their impact on metal uptake and biomass yield. Generally, AMO proved more efficient than nZVI in all stages of experiment. Furthermore, the AMO effectively reduced water- and 0.01 M CaCl2-extractable fractions of Cd, Pb and Zn. The decreased bioavailability of contaminating metal(loid)s resulted in significant increase of microbial activity in AMO-amended soil. Together with metal(loid) extractability, the AMO was also able to significantly reduce the uptake of metals and ameliorate plant growth, especially in the case of Zn, since this metal was taken up in excessive amounts from the control soil causing strong phytotoxicity and even death of young seedlings. On the other hand, AMO application lead to significant release of Mn that was readily taken up by plants. Resulting Mn concentrations in biomass exceeded toxicity thresholds while plants were showing emergent Mn phytotoxicity symptoms. We highlight the need of such complex studies involving plants and soil biota when evaluating the efficiency of stabilizing amendments in contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Michálková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Domingo Martínez-Fernández
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic.
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32
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Šillerová H, Chrastný V, Vítková M, Francová A, Jehlička J, Gutsch MR, Kocourková J, Aspholm PE, Nilsson LO, Berglen TF, Jensen HKB, Komárek M. Stable isotope tracing of Ni and Cu pollution in North-East Norway: Potentials and drawbacks. Environ Pollut 2017; 228:149-157. [PMID: 28528262 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of Ni and Cu isotopes for tracing contamination sources in the environment remains a challenging task due to the limited information about the influence of various biogeochemical processes influencing stable isotope fractionation. This work focuses on a relatively simple system in north-east Norway with two possible endmembers (smelter-bedrock) and various environmental samples (snow, soil, lichens, PM10). In general, the whole area is enriched in heavy Ni and Cu isotopes highlighting the impact of the smelting activity. However, the environmental samples exhibit a large range of δ60Ni (-0.01 ± 0.03‰ to 1.71 ± 0.02‰) and δ65Cu (-0.06 ± 0.06‰ to -3.94 ± 0.3‰) values which exceeds the range of δ60Ni and δ65Cu values determined in the smelter, i.e. in feeding material and slag (δ60Ni from 0.56 ± 0.06‰ to 1.00 ± 0.06‰ and δ65Cu from -1.67 ± 0.04‰ to -1.68 ± 0.15‰). The shift toward heavier Ni and Cu δ values was the most significant in organic rich topsoil samples in the case of Ni (δ60Ni up to 1.71 ± 0.02‰) and in lichens and snow in the case of Cu (δ65Cu up to -0.06 ± 0.06‰ and -0.24 ± 0.04‰, respectively). These data suggest an important biological and biochemical fractionation (microorganisms and/or metal uptake by higher plants, organo-complexation etc.) of Ni and Cu isotopes, which should be quantified separately for each process and taken into account when using the stable isotopes for tracing contamination in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Šillerová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladislav Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Francová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Jehlička
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Marissa R Gutsch
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kocourková
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Paul E Aspholm
- NIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway
| | - Lars O Nilsson
- NIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway
| | - Tore F Berglen
- Department Urban Environment and Industry, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
| | | | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic
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33
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Francová A, Chrastný V, Šillerová H, Kocourková J, Komárek M. Suitability of selected bioindicators of atmospheric pollution in the industrialised region of Ostrava, Upper Silesia, Czech Republic. Environ Monit Assess 2017; 189:478. [PMID: 28852908 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6199-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study is a continuation of our preceding research identifying suitable environmental samples for the tracing of atmospheric pollution in industrial areas. Three additional types of environmental samples were used to characterise contamination sources in the industrial area of Ostrava city, Czech Republic. The region is known for its extensive metallurgical and mining activities. Fingerprinting of stable Pb isotopes was applied to distinguish individual sources of anthropogenic Pb. A wide range of 206Pb/207Pb ratios was observed in the investigated samples: 206Pb/207Pb = 1.168-1.198 in mosses; 206Pb/207Pb = 1.167-1.215 in soils and 206Pb/207Pb = 1.158-1.184 in tree cores. Black and brown coal combustion, as well as metallurgical activities, is the two main sources of pollution in the area. Fossil fuel burning in industry and households seems to be a stronger source of Pb emissions than from the metallurgical industry. Concentration analyses of tree rings showed that a significant increase in As concentrations occurred between 1999 and 2016 (from 0.38 mg kg-1 to 13.8 mg kg-1). This shift corresponds to the use of brown coal from Bílina, Czech Republic, with an increased As concentration. The burning of low-quality fuels in households remains a problem in the area, as small ground sources have a greater influence on the air quality than do industrial sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Francová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladislav Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Šillerová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kocourková
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
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34
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Hudcová B, Veselská V, Filip J, Číhalová S, Komárek M. Sorption mechanisms of arsenate on Mg-Fe layered double hydroxides: A combination of adsorption modeling and solid state analysis. Chemosphere 2017; 168:539-548. [PMID: 27839879 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Layered double hydroxides have been proposed as effective sorbents for As(V), but studies investigating adsorption mechanisms usually lack a comprehensive mechanistic/modeling approach. In this work, we propose coupling surface complexation modeling with various spectroscopic techniques. To this end, a series of batch experiments at different pH values were performed. Kinetic data were well fitted by a pseudo-second order kinetic model, and the equilibrium data were fitted by the Freundlich model. Moreover, the pH-dependent As(V) sorption data were satisfactorily fitted by a diffuse layer model, which described the formation of >SOAsO3H- monodentate and >(SO)2AsO2- bidentate inner-sphere complexes (">S" represents a crystallographically-bound group on the surface). Additionally, XPS analyses confirmed the adsorption mechanisms. The sorption mechanisms were affected by anion exchange, which was responsible for the formation of outer sphere complexes, as identified by XRD and FTIR analyses. Furthermore, a homogenous distribution of As(V) was determined by HR-TEM with elemental mapping. Using low-temperature Mössbauer spectroscopy on isotope 57Fe, a slight shift of the hyperfine parameters towards higher values following As(V) sorption was measured, indicating a higher degree of structural disorder. In general, mechanistic adsorption modeling coupled with solid state analyses presents a powerful approach for investigating the adsorption mechanism of As(V) on Mg-Fe LDH or other sorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Hudcová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Veselská
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Filip
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Departments of Physical Chemistry and Experimental Physics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Sylva Číhalová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic.
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Vítková M, Rákosová S, Michálková Z, Komárek M. Metal(loid)s behaviour in soils amended with nano zero-valent iron as a function of pH and time. J Environ Manage 2017; 186:268-276. [PMID: 27292579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is currently investigated as a stabilising amendment for contaminated soils. The effect of pH (4-8) and time (48 and 192 h) on the behaviour of nZVI-treated Pb-Zn and As-contaminated soil samples was assessed. Additionally, soil leachates were subsequently used to study the direct interaction between soil solution components and nZVI particles in terms of mineralogical changes and contaminant retention. A typical U-shaped leaching trend as a function of pH was observed for Cd, Pb and Zn, while As was released predominantly under alkaline conditions. Oxidising conditions prevailed, so pH was the key controlling parameter rather than redox conditions. Generally, longer contact time resulted in increased soluble concentrations of metal(loid)s. However, the stabilisation effect of nZVI was only observed after the direct soil leachate-nZVI interactions, showing enhanced redox and sorption processes for the studied metals. A significant decrease of dissolved As concentrations was observed for both experimental soils, but with different efficiencies depending on neutralisation capacity, organic matter content or solid fractionation of As related to the origin of the soils. Scorodite (FeAsO4·2H2O) was predicted as a potential solubility-controlling mineral phase for As. Sorption of metal(loid)s onto secondary Fe- and Al-(oxyhydr)oxides (predicted to precipitate at pH > 5) represents an important scavenger mechanism. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy confirmed the retention of Zn and Pb under near-neutral and alkaline conditions by newly formed Fe oxides or aluminosilicates. This study shows that the efficiency of nZVI application strongly depends not only on soil pH-Eh conditions and contaminant type, but also on the presence of organic matter and other compounds such as Al/Fe/Mn oxyhydroxides and clay minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Rákosová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Michálková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Francová A, Chrastný V, Šillerová H, Vítková M, Kocourková J, Komárek M. Evaluating the suitability of different environmental samples for tracing atmospheric pollution in industrial areas. Environ Pollut 2017; 220:286-297. [PMID: 27667678 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Samples of lichens, snow and particulate matter (PM10, 24 h) are used for the source identification of air pollution in the heavily industrialized region of Ostrava, Upper Silesia, Czech Republic. An integrated approach that uses different environmental samples for metal concentration and Pb isotope analyses was applied. The broad range of isotope ratios in the samples indicates a combination of different pollution sources, the strongest among them being the metallurgical industry, bituminous coal combustion and traffic. Snow samples are proven as the most relevant indicator for tracing metal(loid)s and recent local contamination in the atmosphere. Lichens can be successfully used as tracers of the long-term activity of local and remote sources of contamination. The combination of PM10 with snow can provide very useful information for evaluation of current pollution sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Francová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislav Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Šillerová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kocourková
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Zuverza-Mena N, Martínez-Fernández D, Du W, Hernandez-Viezcas JA, Bonilla-Bird N, López-Moreno ML, Komárek M, Peralta-Videa JR, Gardea-Torresdey JL. Exposure of engineered nanomaterials to plants: Insights into the physiological and biochemical responses-A review. Plant Physiol Biochem 2017; 110:236-264. [PMID: 27289187 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent investigations show that carbon-based and metal-based engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), components of consumer goods and agricultural products, have the potential to build up in sediments and biosolid-amended agricultural soils. In addition, reports indicate that both carbon-based and metal-based ENMs affect plants differently at the physiological, biochemical, nutritional, and genetic levels. The toxicity threshold is species-dependent and responses to ENMs are driven by a series of factors including the nanomaterial characteristics and environmental conditions. Effects on the growth, physiological and biochemical traits, production and food quality, among others, have been reported. However, a complete understanding of the dynamics of interactions between plants and ENMs is not clear enough yet. This review presents recent publications on the physiological and biochemical effects that commercial carbon-based and metal-based ENMs have in terrestrial plants. This document focuses on crop plants because of their relevance in human nutrition and health. We have summarized the mechanisms of interaction between plants and ENMs as well as identified gaps in knowledge for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nubia Zuverza-Mena
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX, USA; Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Domingo Martínez-Fernández
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Wenchao Du
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Jose A Hernandez-Viezcas
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Nestor Bonilla-Bird
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Martha L López-Moreno
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagu¨ez, Mayagu¨ez, PR 00680, USA
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jose R Peralta-Videa
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA; Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Jorge L Gardea-Torresdey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA; Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
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Pardo T, Martínez-Fernández D, de la Fuente C, Clemente R, Komárek M, Bernal MP. Maghemite nanoparticles and ferrous sulfate for the stimulation of iron plaque formation and arsenic immobilization in Phragmites australis. Environ Pollut 2016; 219:296-304. [PMID: 27814546 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Wetland plants are considered as suitable biofilters for the removal of metal(loid)s and other contaminants from waters and wastewaters, due to their ability to accumulate and retain the contaminants in their roots. The iron plaque (IP) on the root surface influences the metal(loid)s retention processes. The stimulation of the IP development on roots of Phragmites australis by the external supply of a novel synthetic nanomaterial (nanomaghemite, nFe2O3) and FeSO4 (alone or in combination) was studied. An hydroponic experiment was carried out to evaluate the iron plaque formation after external iron addition, as well as their influence on arsenic immobilization capacity. Microscopic and spectroscopic techniques were utilized to assess the distribution of Fe and As in the roots. The addition of Fe stimulated the generation of the IP, especially when FeSO4 was involved. The nanoparticles alone were not efficient with regard to IP formation or As adsorption, even though they adhered to the root surface and did not enter into epithelial root cells. The combination of FeSO4 and nFe2O3 was the most effective treatment for improving the As removal capacity, and it seems to be an effective way to enhance the rhizofiltration potential of P. australis in As contaminated (waste)waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Pardo
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, PO Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain; Department of Soil Biochemistry, IIAG-CSIC, Av. de Vigo s/n, 15780 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Domingo Martínez-Fernández
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czechia
| | - Carlos de la Fuente
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, PO Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rafael Clemente
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, PO Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czechia
| | - M Pilar Bernal
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, PO Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Veselská V, Fajgar R, Číhalová S, Bolanz RM, Göttlicher J, Steininger R, Siddique JA, Komárek M. Chromate adsorption on selected soil minerals: Surface complexation modeling coupled with spectroscopic investigation. J Hazard Mater 2016; 318:433-442. [PMID: 27450335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the mechanisms of Cr(VI) adsorption on natural clay (illite and kaolinite) and synthetic (birnessite and ferrihydrite) minerals, including its speciation changes, and combining quantitative thermodynamically based mechanistic surface complexation models (SCMs) with spectroscopic measurements. Series of adsorption experiments have been performed at different pH values (3-10), ionic strengths (0.001-0.1M KNO3), sorbate concentrations (10(-4), 10(-5), and 10(-6)M Cr(VI)), and sorbate/sorbent ratios (50-500). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy were used to determine the surface complexes, including surface reactions. Adsorption of Cr(VI) is strongly ionic strength dependent. For ferrihydrite at pH <7, a simple diffuse-layer model provides a reasonable prediction of adsorption. For birnessite, bidentate inner-sphere complexes of chromate and dichromate resulted in a better diffuse-layer model fit. For kaolinite, outer-sphere complexation prevails mainly at lower Cr(VI) loadings. Dissolution of solid phases needs to be considered for better SCMs fits. The coupled SCM and spectroscopic approach is thus useful for investigating individual minerals responsible for Cr(VI) retention in soils, and improving the handling and remediation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Veselská
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, CZ-16521, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Radek Fajgar
- Department of Analytical and Material Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 135/1, CZ-16502, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sylva Číhalová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, CZ-16521, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ralph M Bolanz
- Institute of Geosciences, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Carl-Zeiss-Promenade 10, DE-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Jörg Göttlicher
- ANKA Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, DE-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ralph Steininger
- ANKA Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, DE-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jamal A Siddique
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, CZ-16521, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, CZ-16521, Prague, Czech Republic
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Kelepertzis E, Komárek M, Argyraki A, Šillerová H. Metal(loid) distribution and Pb isotopic signatures in the urban environment of Athens, Greece. Environ Pollut 2016; 213:420-431. [PMID: 26946177 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lead concentrations and isotopic compositions of contaminated urban soils and house dusts from Athens, Greece, have been determined to identify possible sources of Pb contamination and examine relationships between these two environmental media. Different soil particle sizes (<2000 μm, <200 μm, <100 μm, <70 μm, <32 μm) and chemical fractions (total, EDTA-extractable and acetic acid-extractable (HAc)) were analyzed for their Pb content and isotopic composition. Metal(loid)s (Pb, Zn, Cu, As, Ni, Cr, Mn, Fe) are significantly enriched in the finest fraction. The Pb isotopic compositions were similar for the different soil particle size fractions and different chemical extractions. The HAc extraction proved to be a useful procedure for tracing anthropogenic Pb in urban soil. The range of (206)Pb/(207)Pb ratios (1.140-1.180) in Athens soil suggests that the Pb content represents an accumulated mixture of Pb deposited from past vehicular emissions and local natural sources. The contribution of anthropogenic Pb to total soil Pb ranged from 36% to 95%. The Pb isotopic composition of vacuum house dusts ((206)Pb/(207)Pb = 1.1.38-1.167) from Athens residents is mostly comparable to that of urban soil suggesting that exterior soil particles are transferred into homes. As a result, anthropogenic Pb in house dust from Athens urban environment principally originated from soil particles containing Pb from automobile emissions (former use of leaded gasoline).
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstratios Kelepertzis
- Faculty of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 157 84, Athens, Greece.
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ariadne Argyraki
- Faculty of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zographou, 157 84, Athens, Greece
| | - Hana Šillerová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Michálková Z, Komárek M, Veselská V, Číhalová S. Selected Fe and Mn (nano)oxides as perspective amendments for the stabilization of As in contaminated soils. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:10841-10854. [PMID: 26895725 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6200-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An amorphous Mn oxide (AMO), nanomaghemite, and nanomagnetite were used as potential amendments reducing the mobility of As in three contrasting contaminated soils differing in origin of As contamination. Adsorption experiments and XPS analyses combined with incubation batch experiments and pH-static leaching tests were used. The AMO showed excellent adsorption capacity for As(V) reaching a maximum of 1.79 mmol g(-1) at pH 7 and 8. Interestingly, the adsorption capacity in this case decreases with decreasing pH, probably as a result of AMO dissolution at lower pH values. Chemical sorption of As(V) onto AMO was further confirmed with XPS. Both Fe nano-oxides proved the highest adsorption capacity at pH 4 reaching 11 mg g(-1) of adsorbed As(V). The AMO was also the most efficient amendment for decreasing As concentrations in soil solutions during 8 weeks of incubation. Additionally, pH-static leaching tests were performed at pH 4, 5, 6, 7, and natural pH (not adjusted) and AMO again proved the highest ability to decrease As content in leachate. On the other hand, strong dissolution of this amendment at lower pH values (especially pH 4) was observed. For that reason, AMO appears as a promising stabilizing agent for As, especially in neutral, alkaline, or slightly acidic soils, where As(V) species are expected to be more mobile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Michálková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6-Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6-Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic.
| | - Veronika Veselská
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6-Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - Sylva Číhalová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6-Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic
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Trakal L, Veselská V, Šafařík I, Vítková M, Číhalová S, Komárek M. Lead and cadmium sorption mechanisms on magnetically modified biochars. Bioresour Technol 2016; 203:318-24. [PMID: 26748045 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper discusses Cd(II) and Pb(II) sorption efficiency of biochars modified by impregnation with magnetic particles. All selected biochar characteristics were significantly affected after the modification. More specifically, the cation exchange capacity increased after the modification, except for grape stalk biochar. However, the changes in the pH value, PZC, and BET surface after modification process were less pronounced. The metal loading rate was also significantly improved, especially for Cd(II) sorption on/in nut shield and plum stone biochars (10- and 16-times increase, respectively). The results indicated that cation exchange (as a metal sorption mechanism) was strengthened after Fe oxide impregnation, which limited the desorbed amount of tested metals. In contrast, the magnetization of grape stalk biochar reduced Pb(II) sorption in comparison with that of pristine biochar. Magnetic modification is, therefore, more efficient for biochars with well-developed structure and for more mobile metals, such as Cd(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Trakal
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha 6 Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Veronika Veselská
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha 6 Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Šafařík
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Nanobiology and Structural Biology of GCRC, Academy of Sciences, Na Sádkách 7, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha 6 Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Sylva Číhalová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha 6 Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha 6 Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Komárek M, Koretsky CM, Stephen KJ, Alessi DS, Chrastný V. Response to Comment on "Competitive Adsorption of Cd(II), Cr(VI), and Pb(II) onto Nanomaghemite: A Spectroscopic and Modeling Approach". Environ Sci Technol 2016; 50:1634-1635. [PMID: 26792093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b06170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague , Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - Carla M Koretsky
- Department of Geosciences, Western Michigan University , 1187 Rood Hall, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, United States
| | - Krishna J Stephen
- Department of Geosciences, Western Michigan University , 1187 Rood Hall, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, United States
| | - Daniel S Alessi
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta , 1-26 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Vladislav Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague , Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol 165 21, Czech Republic
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Martínez-Fernández D, Barroso D, Komárek M. Root water transport of Helianthus annuus L. under iron oxide nanoparticle exposure. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:1732-1741. [PMID: 26396006 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5423-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The application of nanomaterials in commercially available products is increasing rapidly for agriculture, phytoremediation and biotechnology. Since plants suppose the first sink for the accumulation of nanoparticles from the environment, emerging studies have focused on the general consequences for plants and their effects on the biomass production. However, effects on the root surface, as well as blockage of nutrients and water uptake by the roots, may also occur. This experiment was designed to prove if the plant water relations can be affected by the adsorption of nanoparticles on the root surface, causing a consequent stress for the plants. With this goal, plants of Helianthus annuus were previously grown in a hydroponic culture, and at age of 55 days, their roots were exposed to three different concentrations of nanomaghemite (NM) in the hydroponic solution for 5 days: control without NM; 50 and 100 mg l(-1) NM. The main effect was related to the reduction of the root hydraulic conductivity (Lo) and the nutrients uptake. The concentrations of the macronutrients Ca, K, Mg and S in the shoot were reduced relative to the control plants, which resulted in lower contents of chlorophyll pigments. Although stress was not detected in the plants, after the analysis of stress markers like the accumulation of proline or ascorbate in the tissues, reduction of the root functionality by nanoparticles has been identified here, manifested as the effect of NM on Lo. The treatment with 50 mg l(-1) NM significantly reduced the Lo, by up to 57% of its control value, and it was reduced by up to 26% at 100 mg l(-1) NM. These results will be an important factor to take into account with regard to the applicability of NM for long-term use in crops, particularly during privative water conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domingo Martínez-Fernández
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Didac Barroso
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Komárek M, Koretsky CM, Stephen KJ, Alessi DS, Chrastný V. Competitive Adsorption of Cd(II), Cr(VI), and Pb(II) onto Nanomaghemite: A Spectroscopic and Modeling Approach. Environ Sci Technol 2015; 49:12851-12859. [PMID: 26457556 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A combined modeling and spectroscopic approach is used to describe Cd(II), Cr(VI), and Pb(II) adsorption onto nanomaghemite and nanomaghemite coated quartz. A pseudo-second order kinetic model fitted the adsorption data well. The sorption capacity of nanomaghemite was evaluated using a Langmuir isotherm model, and a diffuse double layer surface complexation model (DLM) was developed to describe metal adsorption. Adsorption mechanisms were assessed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Pb(II) adsorption occurs mainly via formation of inner-sphere complexes, whereas Cr(VI) likely adsorbs mainly as outer-sphere complexes and Cd(II) as a mixture of inner- and outer-sphere complexes. The simple DLM describes well the pH-dependence of single adsorption edges. However, it fails to adequately capture metal adsorption behavior over broad ranges of ionic strength or metal-loading on the sorbents. For systems with equimolar concentrations of Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cr(VI). Pb(II) adsorption was reasonably well predicted by the DLM, but predictions were poorer for Cr(VI) and Cd(II). This study demonstrates that a simple DLM can describe well the adsorption of the studied metals in mixed sorbate-sorbent systems, but only under narrow ranges of ionic strength or metal loading. The results also highlight the sorption potential of nanomaghemite for metals in complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague , Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - Carla M Koretsky
- Department of Geosciences, Western Michigan University , 1187 Rood Hall, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, United States
| | - Krishna J Stephen
- Department of Geosciences, Western Michigan University , 1187 Rood Hall, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, United States
| | - Daniel S Alessi
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta , 1-26 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Vladislav Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague , Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic
- Department of Geochemistry, Czech Geological Survey, Geologická 6, 152 00, Prague 5, Czech Republic
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Šillerová H, Komárek M, Liu C, Poch J, Villaescusa I. Biosorbent encapsulation in calcium alginate: Effects of process variables on Cr(VI) removal from solutions. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 80:260-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Vítková M, Komárek M, Tejnecký V, Šillerová H. Interactions of nano-oxides with low-molecular-weight organic acids in a contaminated soil. J Hazard Mater 2015; 293:7-14. [PMID: 25814334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Various low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) play an important role in the mobilisation of contaminants and their subsequent uptake by plants. Nano-maghemite (NM) and an amorphous Mn oxide (AMO) were investigated for their stabilisation potential under simulated rhizosphere conditions in terms of their use during chemical stabilisation and aided phytostabilisation of metal(loid)s in contaminated soils. In order to understand the reactivity of these potential sorbents of contaminants in soils and subsequent mobility of metal(loid)s, a set of time-dependent batch leaching experiments was performed using a mix of acetic, lactic, citric, malic and formic acids simulating root exudates. Despite being relatively unstable under given conditions, the AMO proved to be an efficient amendment for rapid stabilisation of both metals and As compared to NM. Generally, low pH (∼ 4) and the presence of citrate complexes resulted in higher mobility of metals in the non- and NM-amended soil. In contrast, the presence of AMO in the soil accelerated the neutralisation reactions related to pH increase and (co-) precipitation of secondary Fe/Mn/Al oxyhydroxides. Mineralogical transformations of the AMO showed to be crucial for contaminant immobilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vítková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Tejnecký
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Šillerová
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Ettler V, Tomášová Z, Komárek M, Mihaljevič M, Šebek O, Michálková Z. The pH-dependent long-term stability of an amorphous manganese oxide in smelter-polluted soils: implication for chemical stabilization of metals and metalloids. J Hazard Mater 2015; 286:386-394. [PMID: 25600581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An amorphous manganese oxide (AMO) and a Pb smelter-polluted agricultural soil amended with the AMO and incubated for 2 and 6 months were subjected to a pH-static leaching procedure (pH 3-8) to verify the chemical stabilization effect on metals and metalloids. The AMO stability in pure water was pH-dependent with the highest Mn release at pH 3 (47% dissolved) and the lowest at pH 8 (0.14% dissolved). Secondary rhodochrosite (MnCO3) was formed at the AMO surfaces at pH>5. The AMO dissolved significantly less after 6 months of incubation. Sequential extraction analysis indicated that "labile" fraction of As, Pb and Sb in soil significantly decreased after AMO amendment. The pH-static experiments indicated that no effect on leaching was observed for Cd and Zn after AMO treatments, whereas the leaching of As, Cu, Pb and Sb decreased down to 20%, 35%, 7% and 11% of the control, respectively. The remediation efficiency was more pronounced under acidic conditions and the time of incubation generally led to increased retention of the targeted contaminants. The AMO was found to be a promising agent for the chemical stabilization of polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Ettler
- 1 Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdeňka Tomášová
- 1 Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Mihaljevič
- 1 Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Šebek
- Laboratories of the Geological Institutes, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Michálková
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Michálková Z, Komárek M, Šillerová H, Della Puppa L, Joussein E, Bordas F, Vaněk A, Vaněk O, Ettler V. Evaluating the potential of three Fe- and Mn-(nano)oxides for the stabilization of Cd, Cu and Pb in contaminated soils. J Environ Manage 2014; 146:226-234. [PMID: 25178528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The potential of three Fe- and Mn-(nano)oxides for stabilizing Cd, Cu and Pb in contaminated soils was investigated using batch and column experiments, adsorption tests and tests of soil microbial activity. A novel synthetic amorphous Mn oxide (AMO), which was recently proposed as a stabilizing amendment, proved to be the most efficient in decreasing the mobility of the studied metals compared to nano-maghemite and nano-magnetite. Its application resulted in significant decreases of exchangeable metal fractions (92%, 92% and 93% decreases of Cd, Cu and Pb concentrations, respectively). The adsorption capacity of the AMO was an order of magnitude higher than those recorded for the other amendments. It was also the most efficient treatment for reducing Cu concentrations in the soil solution. No negative effects on soil microorganisms were recorded. On the other hand, the AMO was able to dissolve soil organic matter to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Michálková
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, Suchdol 165 21, Czech Republic.
| | - Michael Komárek
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, Suchdol 165 21, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Šillerová
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, Suchdol 165 21, Czech Republic.
| | - Loïc Della Puppa
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, Suchdol 165 21, Czech Republic; Groupement de Recherche Eau Sol Environnement, Université de Limoges, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges 87060, France.
| | - Emmanuel Joussein
- Groupement de Recherche Eau Sol Environnement, Université de Limoges, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges 87060, France.
| | - François Bordas
- Groupement de Recherche Eau Sol Environnement, Université de Limoges, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges 87060, France.
| | - Aleš Vaněk
- Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, Suchdol 165 21, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondřej Vaněk
- Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, Prague 2, 128 40, Czech Republic.
| | - Vojtěch Ettler
- Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, Prague 2, 128 40, Czech Republic.
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Trakal L, Bingöl D, Pohořelý M, Hruška M, Komárek M. Geochemical and spectroscopic investigations of Cd and Pb sorption mechanisms on contrasting biochars: engineering implications. Bioresour Technol 2014; 171:442-51. [PMID: 25226061 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochars prepared from nut shells, plum stones, wheat straws, grape stalks and grape husks were tested as potential sorbents for Cd and Pb. Mechanisms responsible for metal retention were investigated and optimal sorption conditions were evaluated using the RSM approach. Results indicated that all tested biochars can effectively remove Cd and Pb from aqueous solution (efficiency varied between 43.8% and 100%). The removal rate of both metals is the least affected by the biochar morphology and specific surface but this removal efficiency is strongly pH-dependent. Results of variable metal removal combined with different optimized conditions explain the different metal sorption mechanisms, where the predominant mechanism is ion exchange. In addition, this mechanism showed very strong binding of sorbed metals as confirmed by the post-desorption of the fully metal-loaded biochars. Finally, these biochars could thus also be applicable for metal contaminated soils to reduce mobility and bioavailability of Cd and Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Trakal
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Praha 6 Suchdol 16521, Czech Republic.
| | - Deniz Bingöl
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Kocaeli University, Umuttepe Campus, 41380 Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Michael Pohořelý
- Environmental Process Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic, v.v.i., Rozvojova 135, Praha 6 Suchdol 16502, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Hruška
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Praha 6 Suchdol 16521, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Praha 6 Suchdol 16521, Czech Republic
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