1
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Janesick A, Shelansky R, Gottscho AD, Wagner F, Williams SR, Rouault M, Beliakoff G, Morrison CA, Oliveira MF, Sicherman JT, Kohlway A, Abousoud J, Drennon TY, Mohabbat SH, Taylor SEB. High resolution mapping of the tumor microenvironment using integrated single-cell, spatial and in situ analysis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8353. [PMID: 38114474 PMCID: PMC10730913 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell and spatial technologies that profile gene expression across a whole tissue are revolutionizing the resolution of molecular states in clinical samples. Current commercially available technologies provide whole transcriptome single-cell, whole transcriptome spatial, or targeted in situ gene expression analysis. Here, we combine these technologies to explore tissue heterogeneity in large, FFPE human breast cancer sections. This integrative approach allowed us to explore molecular differences that exist between distinct tumor regions and to identify biomarkers involved in the progression towards invasive carcinoma. Further, we study cell neighborhoods and identify rare boundary cells that sit at the critical myoepithelial border confining the spread of malignant cells. Here, we demonstrate that each technology alone provides information about molecular signatures relevant to understanding cancer heterogeneity; however, it is the integration of these technologies that leads to deeper insights, ushering in discoveries that will progress oncology research and the development of diagnostics and therapeutics.
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2
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Gauglitz JM, West KA, Bittremieux W, Williams CL, Weldon KC, Panitchpakdi M, Di Ottavio F, Aceves CM, Brown E, Sikora NC, Jarmusch AK, Martino C, Tripathi A, Meehan MJ, Dorrestein K, Shaffer JP, Coras R, Vargas F, Goldasich LD, Schwartz T, Bryant M, Humphrey G, Johnson AJ, Spengler K, Belda-Ferre P, Diaz E, McDonald D, Zhu Q, Elijah EO, Wang M, Marotz C, Sprecher KE, Vargas-Robles D, Withrow D, Ackermann G, Herrera L, Bradford BJ, Marques LMM, Amaral JG, Silva RM, Veras FP, Cunha TM, Oliveira RDR, Louzada-Junior P, Mills RH, Piotrowski PK, Servetas SL, Da Silva SM, Jones CM, Lin NJ, Lippa KA, Jackson SA, Daouk RK, Galasko D, Dulai PS, Kalashnikova TI, Wittenberg C, Terkeltaub R, Doty MM, Kim JH, Rhee KE, Beauchamp-Walters J, Wright KP, Dominguez-Bello MG, Manary M, Oliveira MF, Boland BS, Lopes NP, Guma M, Swafford AD, Dutton RJ, Knight R, Dorrestein PC. Author Correction: Enhancing untargeted metabolomics using metadata-based source annotation. Nat Biotechnol 2023; 41:1656. [PMID: 37853256 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-02025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Gauglitz
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kiana A West
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wout Bittremieux
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Candace L Williams
- Beckman Center for Conservation Research, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, Escondido, CA, USA
| | - Kelly C Weldon
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Joan and Irwin Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Morgan Panitchpakdi
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Francesca Di Ottavio
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christine M Aceves
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Brown
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nicole C Sikora
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alan K Jarmusch
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cameron Martino
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Joan and Irwin Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anupriya Tripathi
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Meehan
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen Dorrestein
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Justin P Shaffer
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Roxana Coras
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Fernando Vargas
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Tara Schwartz
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - MacKenzie Bryant
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gregory Humphrey
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Abigail J Johnson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Katharina Spengler
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pedro Belda-Ferre
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Joan and Irwin Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Edgar Diaz
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emmanuel O Elijah
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mingxun Wang
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Clarisse Marotz
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kate E Sprecher
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Daniela Vargas-Robles
- Servicio Autónomo Centro Amazónico de Investigación y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales Simón Bolívar, Puerto Ayacucho, Amazonas, Venezuela
| | - Dana Withrow
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Gail Ackermann
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lourdes Herrera
- Department of Pediatrics, Billings Clinic, Billings, MT, USA
| | - Barry J Bradford
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Lucas Maciel Mauriz Marques
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medicinal School, Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Juliano Geraldo Amaral
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Moreira Silva
- NPPNS, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Flavio Protasio Veras
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medicinal School, Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mattar Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medicinal School, Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Rene Donizeti Ribeiro Oliveira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Louzada-Junior
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Robert H Mills
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Paulina K Piotrowski
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie L Servetas
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Sandra M Da Silva
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Christina M Jones
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Nancy J Lin
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Katrice A Lippa
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Scott A Jackson
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Rima Kaddurah Daouk
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Institute of Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Douglas Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Parambir S Dulai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Curt Wittenberg
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert Terkeltaub
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- San Diego VA Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Megan M Doty
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Kapi'olani Medical Center for Women and Children, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Jae H Kim
- Division of Neonatology, Perinatal Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kyung E Rhee
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Julia Beauchamp-Walters
- Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth P Wright
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences; Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Mark Manary
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michelli F Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brigid S Boland
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Norberto Peporine Lopes
- NPPNS, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Monica Guma
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Austin D Swafford
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Joan and Irwin Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rachel J Dutton
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Joan and Irwin Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Joan and Irwin Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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3
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Oliveira MF, Pankow A, Vollbrecht T, Kumar NM, Cabalero G, Ignacio C, Zhao M, Vitomirov A, Gouaux B, Nakawawa M, Murrell B, Ellis RJ, Gianella S. Evaluation of Archival HIV DNA in Brain and Lymphoid Tissues. J Virol 2023; 97:e0054323. [PMID: 37184401 PMCID: PMC10308944 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00543-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV reservoirs persist in anatomic compartments despite antiretroviral therapy (ART). Characterizing archival HIV DNA in the central nervous system (CNS) and other tissues is crucial to inform cure strategies. We evaluated paired autopsy brain-frontal cortex (FC), occipital cortex (OCC), and basal ganglia (BG)-and peripheral lymphoid tissues from 63 people with HIV. Participants passed away while virally suppressed on ART at the last visit and without evidence of CNS opportunistic disease. We quantified total HIV DNA in all participants and obtained full-length HIV-envelope (FL HIV-env) sequences from a subset of 14 participants. We detected HIV DNA (gag) in most brain (65.1%) and all lymphoid tissues. Lymphoid tissues had higher HIV DNA levels than the brain (P < 0.01). Levels of HIV gag between BG and FC were similar (P > 0.2), while OCC had the lowest levels (P = 0.01). Females had higher HIV DNA levels in tissues than males (gag, P = 0.03; 2-LTR, P = 0.05), suggesting possible sex-associated mechanisms for HIV reservoir persistence. Most FL HIV-env sequences (n = 143) were intact, while 42 were defective. Clonal sequences were found in 8 out of 14 participants, and 1 participant had clonal defective sequences in the brain and spleen, suggestive of cell migration. From 10 donors with paired brain and lymphoid sequences, we observed evidence of compartmentalized sequences in 2 donors. Our data further the idea that the brain is a site for archival HIV DNA during ART where compartmentalized provirus may occur in a subset of people. Future studies assessing FL HIV-provirus and replication competence are needed to further evaluate the HIV reservoirs in tissues. IMPORTANCE HIV infection of the brain is associated with adverse neuropsychiatric outcomes, despite efficient antiretroviral treatment. HIV may persist in reservoirs in the brain and other tissues, which can seed virus replication if treatment is interrupted, representing a major challenge to cure HIV. We evaluated reservoirs and genetic features in postmortem brain and lymphoid tissues from people with HIV who passed away during suppressed HIV replication. We found a differential distribution of HIV reservoirs across brain regions which was lower than that in lymphoid tissues. We observed that most HIV reservoirs in tissues had intact envelope sequences, suggesting they could potentially generate replicative viruses. We found that women had higher HIV reservoir levels in brain and lymphoid tissues than men, suggesting possible sex-based mechanisms of maintenance of HIV reservoirs in tissues, warranting further investigation. Characterizing the archival HIV DNA in tissues is important to inform future HIV cure strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelli F. Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Alec Pankow
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Vollbrecht
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Nikesh M. Kumar
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Gemma Cabalero
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Caroline Ignacio
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Mitchell Zhao
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Andrej Vitomirov
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ben Gouaux
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Masato Nakawawa
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ben Murrell
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ronald J. Ellis
- Department of Neurosciences and Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sara Gianella
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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4
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Gauglitz JM, West KA, Bittremieux W, Williams CL, Weldon KC, Panitchpakdi M, Di Ottavio F, Aceves CM, Brown E, Sikora NC, Jarmusch AK, Martino C, Tripathi A, Meehan MJ, Dorrestein K, Shaffer JP, Coras R, Vargas F, Goldasich LD, Schwartz T, Bryant M, Humphrey G, Johnson AJ, Spengler K, Belda-Ferre P, Diaz E, McDonald D, Zhu Q, Elijah EO, Wang M, Marotz C, Sprecher KE, Vargas-Robles D, Withrow D, Ackermann G, Herrera L, Bradford BJ, Marques LMM, Amaral JG, Silva RM, Veras FP, Cunha TM, Oliveira RDR, Louzada-Junior P, Mills RH, Piotrowski PK, Servetas SL, Da Silva SM, Jones CM, Lin NJ, Lippa KA, Jackson SA, Daouk RK, Galasko D, Dulai PS, Kalashnikova TI, Wittenberg C, Terkeltaub R, Doty MM, Kim JH, Rhee KE, Beauchamp-Walters J, Wright KP, Dominguez-Bello MG, Manary M, Oliveira MF, Boland BS, Lopes NP, Guma M, Swafford AD, Dutton RJ, Knight R, Dorrestein PC. Enhancing untargeted metabolomics using metadata-based source annotation. Nat Biotechnol 2022; 40:1774-1779. [PMID: 35798960 PMCID: PMC10277029 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01368-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Human untargeted metabolomics studies annotate only ~10% of molecular features. We introduce reference-data-driven analysis to match metabolomics tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) data against metadata-annotated source data as a pseudo-MS/MS reference library. Applying this approach to food source data, we show that it increases MS/MS spectral usage 5.1-fold over conventional structural MS/MS library matches and allows empirical assessment of dietary patterns from untargeted data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Gauglitz
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kiana A West
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wout Bittremieux
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Candace L Williams
- Beckman Center for Conservation Research, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, Escondido, CA, USA
| | - Kelly C Weldon
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Joan and Irwin Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Morgan Panitchpakdi
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Francesca Di Ottavio
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christine M Aceves
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Brown
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nicole C Sikora
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alan K Jarmusch
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cameron Martino
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Joan and Irwin Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anupriya Tripathi
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Meehan
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen Dorrestein
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Justin P Shaffer
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Roxana Coras
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Fernando Vargas
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Tara Schwartz
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - MacKenzie Bryant
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gregory Humphrey
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Abigail J Johnson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Katharina Spengler
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pedro Belda-Ferre
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Joan and Irwin Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Edgar Diaz
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emmanuel O Elijah
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mingxun Wang
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Clarisse Marotz
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kate E Sprecher
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Daniela Vargas-Robles
- Servicio Autónomo Centro Amazónico de Investigación y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales Simón Bolívar, Puerto Ayacucho, Amazonas, Venezuela
| | - Dana Withrow
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Gail Ackermann
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lourdes Herrera
- Department of Pediatrics, Billings Clinic, Billings, MT, USA
| | - Barry J Bradford
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Lucas Maciel Mauriz Marques
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medicinal School, Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Juliano Geraldo Amaral
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Moreira Silva
- NPPNS, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Flavio Protasio Veras
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medicinal School, Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mattar Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medicinal School, Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Rene Donizeti Ribeiro Oliveira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Louzada-Junior
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Robert H Mills
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Paulina K Piotrowski
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie L Servetas
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Sandra M Da Silva
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Christina M Jones
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Nancy J Lin
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Katrice A Lippa
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Scott A Jackson
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Rima Kaddurah Daouk
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Institute of Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Douglas Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Parambir S Dulai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Curt Wittenberg
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert Terkeltaub
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- San Diego VA Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Megan M Doty
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Kapi'olani Medical Center for Women and Children, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Jae H Kim
- Division of Neonatology, Perinatal Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kyung E Rhee
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Julia Beauchamp-Walters
- Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth P Wright
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences; Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Mark Manary
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michelli F Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brigid S Boland
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Norberto Peporine Lopes
- NPPNS, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Monica Guma
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Austin D Swafford
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Joan and Irwin Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rachel J Dutton
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Joan and Irwin Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Joan and Irwin Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Leao TF, Clark CM, Bauermeister A, Elijah EO, Gentry EC, Husband M, Oliveira MF, Bandeira N, Wang M, Dorrestein PC. Quick-start infrastructure for untargeted metabolomics analysis in GNPS. Nat Metab 2021; 3:880-882. [PMID: 34244695 PMCID: PMC8705952 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00429-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F Leao
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chase M Clark
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anelize Bauermeister
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emmanuel O Elijah
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emily C Gentry
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Makhai Husband
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michelli F Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nuno Bandeira
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Mingxun Wang
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Departments of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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6
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Roda RH, Bargiela D, Chen W, Perry K, Ellis RJ, Clifford DB, Bharti A, Kallianpur AR, Oliveira MF, Diaz MM, Rubin LH, Gavegnano C, McArthur JC, Hoke A, Polydefkis M. Large Mitochondrial DNA Deletions in HIV Sensory Neuropathy. Neurology 2021; 97:e156-e165. [PMID: 33947785 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation of large mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions in skin samples of people with HIV (PWH) with measures of neuropathy and prior exposure to therapy. We hypothesized that deletions would be associated with neuropathy. As secondary objectives, we determined the correlation of deletion burden with demographic data and neuropathy measures. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we measured the accumulation of large mtDNA deletions in skin biopsies from PWH recruited as part of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG). Our cohort includes individuals with and without sensory neuropathy, as well as individuals with normal or abnormal skin biopsies. Skin biopsies, sural and peroneal nerve conduction studies, total neuropathy score, and deletion burden scores were measured, along with baseline demographic data such as age, CD4+ cell count, viral counts, and prior nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor exposures. RESULTS Sixty-seven PWH were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the cohort (n = 67) was 44 years (SD 6.8, range 32-65 years), and 9 participants were female. The mean CD4+ T-cell count was 168 cells/mm3 (SD 97 cells/mm3, range 1-416 cells/mm3) and mean viral load was 51,129 copies/mL (SD 114,586 copies/mL, range 147-657,775 copies/mL). We determined that there was a correlation between the total mtDNA deletion and intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) (r = -0.344, p = 0.04) and sural nerve amplitude (r = -0.359, p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Both IENFD and sural nerve amplitude statistically correlate with mitochondrial mutation burden in PWH, specifically in those with HIV-associated sensory neuropathy as assessed by skin biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo H Roda
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
| | - David Bargiela
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Weiran Chen
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ken Perry
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ronald J Ellis
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - David B Clifford
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ajay Bharti
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Asha R Kallianpur
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Michelli F Oliveira
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Monica M Diaz
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Leah H Rubin
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Christina Gavegnano
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Justin C McArthur
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ahmet Hoke
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Michael Polydefkis
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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Rodrigues MK, Nunes Rodrigues I, Vasconcelos Gomes da Silva DJ, de S Pinto JM, Oliveira MF. Clinical Frailty Scale: Translation and Cultural Adaptation into the Brazilian Portuguese Language. J Frailty Aging 2021; 10:38-43. [PMID: 33331620 DOI: 10.14283/jfa.2020.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty is a biological syndrome that causes adverse events in the health of older adults. However, the Clinical Frailty Scale has not yet been culturally adapted and validated into Brazilian Portuguese language. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to translate, reproduce and validate the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) for the Brazilian Portuguese language. DESIGN An observational cross-sectional study with senior patients was conducted between Jan 2018 and Nov 2018. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Volunteers aged >60 and living in Brazil. The translation and cultural adaptation of the CFS into the Portuguese language, the principles and good practices were followed. MEASUREMENTS To conduct the validation and determine the reproducibility of an inter-observer evaluation, the patients answered the scale questions in Portuguese on two occasions, delivered by two separate examiners and separated by a 10-minute interval, on their first visit; the 36-item Short Form Survey quality-of-life questionnaire (SF-36) was also applied. Seven days later, a second visit was undertaken to perform an intra-observer reproducibility assessment. RESULTS A total of 66 older individuals were enrolled (72 ± 8 years), the majority of which did not present frailty (63.6%) and reported a low physical limitation level in the SF-36. The CFS showed a significant correlation with the SF-36 quality-of-life questionnaire (r= -0.663; p<0.0001) and no statistical difference was observed between intra-rater (p=0.641) and inter-rater (p=0.350) applications, demonstrating the reproducibility and applicability of the instrument. The standard error estimate (SEE) was evaluated and there were no differences between the CFS and the SF-36 (SEE= 1.13 points). CONCLUSION The Brazilian Portuguese language version of the CFS is a valid, reproducible and reliable instrument for evaluating the impact of frailty on the lives of senior patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Rodrigues
- Prof. Mayron F. Oliveira. Physiotherapy Unit, Hospital Vila Nova Star, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. R. Dr. Alceu de Campos Rodrigues, 126 - Vila Nova Conceição, São Paulo - SP, Brazil. Zip code: 04544-000. Phone: (+55) 11 3457-1000. E-mail:
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Santos AC, Conley AJ, Oliveira MF, Assis Neto AC. Steroidogenesis during prenatal testicular development in Spix's cavy Galea spixii. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 33:392-400. [PMID: 33685580 DOI: 10.1071/rd20293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spix's cavy is a potentially good experimental model for research on reproductive biology and sexual development. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ontogeny of the steroidogenic enzymes involved in testicular androgen synthesis during prenatal development. Testes were investigated on Days 25, 30, 40 and >50 of gestation. Immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting were used to establish the site and relative amount of androgenic enzymes, including 5α-reductase, cytosolic 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSDI) and mitochondrial microsomal 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSDII), throughout prenatal development. The testicular parenchyma began to organise on Day 25 of gestation, with the development of recognisable testicular cords. The mesonephros was established after Day 25 of gestation and the ducts differentiated to form the epididymis, as testicular cords were beginning to proliferate and the interstitium to organise by Day 30 of gestation, continuing thereafter. The androgen-synthesising enzymes 5α-reductase, 17β-HSDI and 3β-HSDII were evident in Leydig cells as they differentiated at all subsequent gestational ages studied. In addition, immunoblotting showed an increase in immunoreactivity for the enzymes at Days 30 and 40 of gestation (P<0.05) and a decrease at Day 50 of gestation (P<0.05). It is concluded that the increase in androgenic enzymes in Leydig cells coincides with the functional differentiation of the testes, and with the stabilisation and differentiation of mesonephric ducts forming the epididymis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Santos
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo. Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando de Marques Paiva, 87; ZC 05508 270; São Paulo - Brazil
| | - A J Conley
- Population Health & Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 3223 VM3B, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - M F Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Semiarid. Av. Francisco Mota, 572, 59625 900, Mossoro, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - A C Assis Neto
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo. Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando de Marques Paiva, 87; ZC 05508 270; São Paulo - Brazil; and Corresponding author.
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9
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Taylor BC, Weldon KC, Ellis RJ, Franklin D, Groth T, Gentry EC, Tripathi A, McDonald D, Humphrey G, Bryant M, Toronczak J, Schwartz T, Oliveira MF, Heaton R, Grant I, Gianella S, Letendre S, Swafford A, Dorrestein PC, Knight R. Depression in Individuals Coinfected with HIV and HCV Is Associated with Systematic Differences in the Gut Microbiome and Metabolome. mSystems 2020; 5:e00465-20. [PMID: 32994287 PMCID: PMC7527136 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00465-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is influenced by the structure, diversity, and composition of the gut microbiome. Although depression has been described previously in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) monoinfections, and to a lesser extent in HIV-HCV coinfection, research on the interplay between depression and the gut microbiome in these disease states is limited. Here, we characterized the gut microbiome using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of fecal samples from 373 participants who underwent a comprehensive neuropsychiatric assessment and the gut metabolome on a subset of these participants using untargeted metabolomics with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We observed that the gut microbiome and metabolome were distinct between HIV-positive and -negative individuals. HCV infection had a large association with the microbiome that was not confounded by drug use. Therefore, we classified the participants by HIV and HCV infection status (HIV-monoinfected, HIV-HCV coinfected, or uninfected). The three groups significantly differed in their gut microbiome (unweighted UniFrac distances) and metabolome (Bray-Curtis distances). Coinfected individuals also had lower alpha diversity. Within each of the three groups, we evaluated lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD) and current Beck Depression Inventory-II. We found that the gut microbiome differed between depression states only in coinfected individuals. Coinfected individuals with a lifetime history of MDD were enriched in primary and secondary bile acids, as well as taxa previously identified in people with MDD. Collectively, we observe persistent signatures associated with depression only in coinfected individuals, suggesting that HCV itself, or interactions between HCV and HIV, may drive HIV-related neuropsychiatric differences.IMPORTANCE The human gut microbiome influences depression. Differences between the microbiomes of HIV-infected and uninfected individuals have been described, but it is not known whether these are due to HIV itself, or to common HIV comorbidities such as HCV coinfection. Limited research has explored the influence of the microbiome on depression within these groups. Here, we characterized the microbial community and metabolome in the stools from 373 people, noting the presence of current or lifetime depression as well as their HIV and HCV infection status. Our findings provide additional evidence that individuals with HIV have different microbiomes which are further altered by HCV coinfection. In individuals coinfected with both HIV and HCV, we identified microbes and molecules that were associated with depression. These results suggest that the interplay of HIV and HCV and the gut microbiome may contribute to the HIV-associated neuropsychiatric problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryn C Taylor
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kelly C Weldon
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ronald J Ellis
- Department of Neuroscience, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Donald Franklin
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Tobin Groth
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Emily C Gentry
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Anupriya Tripathi
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Gregory Humphrey
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - MacKenzie Bryant
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Julia Toronczak
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Tara Schwartz
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Michelli F Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Robert Heaton
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Igor Grant
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sara Gianella
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Scott Letendre
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Austin Swafford
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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10
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Gianella S, Tran SM, Morris S, Vargas M, Porrachia M, Oliveira MF, Lada S, Zhao M, Ellsworth GB, Mathad JS, Wilkin T. Sex Differences in CMV Replication and HIV Persistence During Suppressive ART. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7:ofaa289. [PMID: 32793766 PMCID: PMC7415302 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between subclinical cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication and HIV persistence has not been investigated in cis-gender women with HIV. METHODS Fifty virologically suppressed female participants with HIV were prospectively enrolled and provided oral, vaginal, and urine samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells at 1 cross-sectional time point. CMV DNA was quantified in each specimen by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Cellular HIV DNA and HIV RNA transcripts (unspliced and multiply spliced [ms] encoding tat-rev) were quantified by droplet digital (dd) PCR in peripheral blood cells. Forty-nine male individuals with HIV and CMV (historical data) were used as controls. RESULTS Levels of cellular HIV DNA and unspliced HIV RNA were not different between sexes, but female participants had less detectable msHIV RNA and CMV DNA compared with males (both P < .01). Unlike previously described for males, the presence of CMV DNA was not associated with increased HIV DNA in females. Among female participants, premenopausal status was independently associated with lower HIV DNA compared with postmenopause, after adjusting for nadir CD4 count (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Female participants with HIV had reduced cellular HIV RNA and less subclinical CMV DNA compared with males but overall similar HIV DNA levels in our study. Postmenopausal status was independently associated with higher HIV DNA levels among female participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gianella
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Sheldon Morris
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Millie Vargas
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | | | - Steve Lada
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Mitchell Zhao
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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11
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Santos CS, Silva AM, Maia KM, Rodrigues GSO, Feijó FMC, Alves ND, Oliveira MF, Silva AR. Composition of semen and foreskin mucosa aerobic microbiota and its impact on sperm parameters of captive collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu). J Appl Microbiol 2020; 129:521-531. [PMID: 32281210 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the bacterial composition of collared peccary semen and foreskin mucosa, and to verify the sensitivity of isolates to antimicrobials used in semen conservation and to Aloe vera gel, which is an alternative external cryoprotectant. METHODS AND RESULTS Nine foreskin mucosa and ejaculate samples from adult animals were used. Sperm characteristics and bacterial load were evaluated in fresh semen. The preputial mucosa and semen bacterial isolates were identified and tested against five concentrations of each antimicrobial (streptomycin-penicillin and gentamicin) and A. vera gel. Corynebacterium sp. and Staphylococcus sp. were isolated in greater numbers than others in both semen (64·10 and 20·51%, respectively) and the foreskin mucosa (60·60 and 24·25%, respectively), and ranged from 0·4 to 21 × 105 colony-forming units (CFU) per ml. The average load of Corynebacterium sp. was negatively correlated (P < 0·05) with the sperm membrane integrity (r = -0·73055) and curvilinear velocity (r = -0·69048). Streptomycin-penicillin and gentamicin inhibited most micro-organisms, and A. vera showed lower antimicrobial activity. CONCLUSION Several Gram-positive bacteria are present in semen and foreskin mucosa of collared peccary, and the benefits of using primarily penicillin-streptomycin and gentamicin antimicrobials in the bacterial control of diluted semen of these animals are strongly indicated. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study provides insight into the reproductive microbiota of captive male-collared peccary. This work provides a theoretical basis to assist reproductive biotechnologies for ex situ conservation of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Santos
- Laboratory for Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Center of Agrarian Sciences, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - A M Silva
- Laboratory for Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Center of Agrarian Sciences, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - K M Maia
- Laboratory for Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Center of Agrarian Sciences, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - G S O Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Federal Rural University of SemiArid (UFERSA), Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - F M C Feijó
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Federal Rural University of SemiArid (UFERSA), Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - N D Alves
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Federal Rural University of SemiArid (UFERSA), Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - M F Oliveira
- Laboratory for Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Center of Agrarian Sciences, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - A R Silva
- Laboratory for Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Center of Agrarian Sciences, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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12
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Kumar V, Vollbrecht T, Chernyshev M, Mohan S, Hanst B, Bavafa N, Lorenzo A, Kumar N, Ketteringham R, Eren K, Golden M, Oliveira MF, Murrell B. Long-read amplicon denoising. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:e104. [PMID: 31418021 PMCID: PMC6765106 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-read next-generation amplicon sequencing shows promise for studying complete genes or genomes from complex and diverse populations. Current long-read sequencing technologies have challenging error profiles, hindering data processing and incorporation into downstream analyses. Here we consider the problem of how to reconstruct, free of sequencing error, the true sequence variants and their associated frequencies from PacBio reads. Called 'amplicon denoising', this problem has been extensively studied for short-read sequencing technologies, but current solutions do not always successfully generalize to long reads with high indel error rates. We introduce two methods: one that runs nearly instantly and is very accurate for medium length reads and high template coverage, and another, slower method that is more robust when reads are very long or coverage is lower. On two Mock Virus Community datasets with ground truth, each sequenced on a different PacBio instrument, and on a number of simulated datasets, we compare our two approaches to each other and to existing algorithms. We outperform all tested methods in accuracy, with competitive run times even for our slower method, successfully discriminating templates that differ by a just single nucleotide. Julia implementations of Fast Amplicon Denoising (FAD) and Robust Amplicon Denoising (RAD), and a webserver interface, are freely available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Vollbrecht
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, CA, USA
| | - Mark Chernyshev
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, CA, USA
| | - Sanjay Mohan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, CA, USA
| | - Brian Hanst
- Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Bavafa
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, CA, USA
| | - Antonia Lorenzo
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, CA, USA
| | - Nikesh Kumar
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, CA, USA
| | - Robert Ketteringham
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Kemal Eren
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, CA, USA
| | - Michael Golden
- Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3LB, UK
| | - Michelli F Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, CA, USA
| | - Ben Murrell
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, CA, USA
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13
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Beck S, Zhu Z, Oliveira MF, Smith DM, Rich JN, Bernatchez JA, Siqueira-Neto JL. Mechanism of Action of Methotrexate Against Zika Virus. Viruses 2019; 11:E338. [PMID: 30974762 PMCID: PMC6521145 DOI: 10.3390/v11040338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), which is associated with microcephaly in infants and Guillain-Barré syndrome, reemerged as a serious public health threat in Latin America in recent years. Previous high-throughput screening (HTS) campaigns have revealed several potential hit molecules against ZIKV, including methotrexate (MTX), which is clinically used as an anti-cancer chemotherapy and anti-rheumatoid agent. We studied the mechanism of action of MTX against ZIKV in relation to its inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) in vitro using Vero and human neural stem cells (hNSCs). As expected, an antiviral effect for MTX against ZIKV was observed, showing up to 10-fold decrease in virus titer during MTX treatment. We also observed that addition of leucovorin (a downstream metabolite of DHFR pathway) rescued the ZIKV replication impaired by MTX treatment in ZIKV-infected cells, explaining the antiviral effect of MTX through inhibition of DHFR. We also found that addition of adenosine to ZIKV-infected cells was able to rescue ZIKV replication inhibited by MTX, suggesting that restriction of de novo synthesis adenosine triphosphate (ATP) pools suppresses viral replication. These results confirm that the DHFR pathway can be targeted to inhibit replication of ZIKV, similar to other published results showing this effect in related flaviviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjun Beck
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Zhe Zhu
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Michelli F Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Davey M Smith
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Jeremy N Rich
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Jean A Bernatchez
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Jair L Siqueira-Neto
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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14
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Maia KM, Souza ALP, Silva AM, Souza-Jr JBF, Costa LLM, Brandão FZ, Oliveira MF, Comizzoli P, Silva AR. Environmental effects on collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu) serum testosterone, testicular morphology, and semen quality in the Caatinga biome. Theriogenology 2018; 126:286-294. [PMID: 30597387 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to understand the influence of climatic variations in a semiarid environment on serum testosterone, testicular morphology and semen quality in collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu). Reproductive metrics (semen quality, testicular morphometry and testosterone serum profiles) of 10 mature males were measured monthly for 18 months. Meteorological data (rainfall, air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and radiant heat load) also were recorded during the same period. Rainfall regimes were classified in different classes (Class 1: months with no rain; Class 2: months with up to 50 mm of rain; and Class 3: months with >50 mm of rain). Among rainfall classes, average air temperature (°C) and relative humidity (%) were different. Climatic changes between rainfall classes did not lead to overall variations of testicular size, testosterone production, and semen metrics. However, relative humidity recorded before semen collection (one day, one week, or over 51-55 days) was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with semen motility metrics (total motility, beat cross frequency and straightness) and sperm subpopulations (medium and static sperm), as well as with volume. Negative correlations (P < 0.05) were revealed between air temperature and the same semen motility patterns and volume. Additionally, radiant head load measured on the day of semen collection negatively influenced (P < 0.05) sperm straightness. This study demonstrates for the first time that no seasonal changes could be detected overt the 18-month period on the serum testosterone, testicular morphology and semen quality of collared peccaries raised in the Caatinga biome; however, it is expected that long term environmental changes will influence the reproductive physiology of species leaving in that habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Maia
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation (LCGA), Departamento de Ciências Animais, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), BR 110, Km 47, Costa e Silva, CEP: 59625-900, Mossoró, Brazil
| | - A L P Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Sobral, Brazil
| | - A M Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation (LCGA), Departamento de Ciências Animais, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), BR 110, Km 47, Costa e Silva, CEP: 59625-900, Mossoró, Brazil
| | - J B F Souza-Jr
- Laboratório de Biometeorologia, Biofísica Ambiental e Bem-Estar Animal (LABBEA), Departamento de Ciências Animais, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - L L M Costa
- Laboratório de Biometeorologia, Biofísica Ambiental e Bem-Estar Animal (LABBEA), Departamento de Ciências Animais, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - F Z Brandão
- Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rua Vital Brasil Filho, 64, 24320-340, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - M F Oliveira
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation (LCGA), Departamento de Ciências Animais, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), BR 110, Km 47, Costa e Silva, CEP: 59625-900, Mossoró, Brazil
| | - P Comizzoli
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, P.O. Box 37012, MRC 5502, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
| | - A R Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation (LCGA), Departamento de Ciências Animais, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), BR 110, Km 47, Costa e Silva, CEP: 59625-900, Mossoró, Brazil.
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15
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Gianella S, Marconi VC, Berzins B, Benson CA, Sax P, Fichtenbaum CJ, Wilkin T, Vargas M, Deng Q, Oliveira MF, Moser C, Taiwo BO. Genital HIV-1 Shedding With Dolutegravir (DTG) Plus Lamivudine (3TC) Dual Therapy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2018; 79:e112-e114. [PMID: 30383591 PMCID: PMC6231952 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000001863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gianella
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Vincent C. Marconi
- Emory University, School of Medicine and Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Baiba Berzins
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University, Chicago
| | - Constance A. Benson
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Paul Sax
- Division of Infectious Diseases Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Timothy Wilkin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
| | - Millie Vargas
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Qianqian Deng
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Michelli F. Oliveira
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Carlee Moser
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Biostatistics and AIDS Research, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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16
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de Almeida SM, Oliveira MF, Chaillon A, Rotta I, Ribeiro CE, de Pereira AP, Smith D, Letendre S, Ellis RJ. Transient and asymptomatic meningitis in human immunodeficiency virus-1 subtype C: a case study of genetic compartmentalization and biomarker dynamics. J Neurovirol 2018; 24:786-796. [PMID: 30194587 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-018-0672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genetic compartmentalization is defined as genetic differences in HIV in different tissue compartments or subcompartments that characterize viral quasispecies. This descriptive, longitudinal study assessed the dynamics of inflammation, humoral immune response, blood-brain barrier, blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier, as well as neuronal injury biomarkers in serially obtained CSF and serum samples from an antiretroviral (ARV) therapy-naïve patient with HIV-1 subtype C with CSF HIV genetic compartmentalization that resolved spontaneously without ARV treatment. The first CSF sample showed an increase in white blood cell (WBC) count (382 cells/mm3) and a marked increase in the levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, interleukin (IL)-10, IP-10, and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), which raise the suspicion of dual infection. Serum sample analysis showed all cytokine levels to be normal, with only IP-10 slightly increased. These results corroborate the hypothesis that the CNS immunologic response in a patient with HIV infection was independent of the systemic immunologic response. The patient also had persistently elevated levels of sCD14, neopterin, and β2M, which were strongly suggestive of persistent CNS immunologic stimulation. This report describes a patient with HIV subtype C who developed a transient episode of asymptomatic HIV meningitis with compartmentalization of HIV in the CSF that resolved independently of ARV therapy. Extensive CSF studies were performed as part of an ongoing longitudinal study, which revealed CNS immune abnormalities. This case presents evidence of HIV-1 subtype C neurotropism and compartmentalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio M de Almeida
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. .,Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. .,Hospital de Clínicas, Seção de Virologia, Setor Análises Clínicas Rua Padre Camargo, UFPR, 280, Curitiba, PR, 80060-240, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Indianara Rotta
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Clea E Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Davey Smith
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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17
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Santos PRS, Oliveira FD, Arroyo MAM, Oliveira MF, Castelucci P, Conley AJ, Assis Neto AC. Steroidogenesis during postnatal testicular development of Galea spixii. Reproduction 2017; 154:645-652. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The androgen/estrogen balance is essential for normal sexual development and reproduction in mammals. Studies performed herein investigated the potential for estrogen synthesis in cells of the testes of a hystricomorph rodent, Galea spixii. The study characterized the expression of the key enzymes responsible for estrogen and androgen synthesis, cytochromes P450 aromatase (P450arom), 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (P450c17) respectively, as well as the redox partner NADPH cytochrome P450 oxido-reductase (CPR) required to support electron transfer and catalysis of these P450s, by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis, throughout postnatal sexual development. Testes (immature, pre-pubertal, pubertal and post-pubertal) were collected, fixed for IHC (CYP19, CYP17 and CPR) and stored frozen for qPCR for the relevant gene transcripts (Cyp19a1 and Cyp17a1). Expression of P450c17 was significantly elevated at the pre-pubertal and pubertal stages. Based on IHC, P450c17 was expressed only in Leydig cell clusters. The expression of P450arom was detectable at all stages of sexual development of Galea spixii. IHC data suggest that estrogen synthesis was not restricted to somatic cells (Leydig cells/Sertoli cells), but that germ cells may also be capable of converting androgens into estrogens, important for testicular function and spermatogenesis.
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18
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Rocha JCB, Silva EF, Oliveira MF, Sousa FB, Teixeira AVNC, Rocha MS. β-Cyclodextrin polymer binding to DNA: Modulating the physicochemical parameters. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:052416. [PMID: 28618573 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.052416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins and cyclodextrins-modified molecules have interesting and appealing properties due to their capacity to host components that are normally insoluble or poorly soluble in water. In this work, we investigate the interaction of a β-cyclodextrin polymer (poly-β-CD) with λ-DNA. The polymers are obtained by the reaction of β-CD with epichlorohydrin in alkaline conditions. We have used optical tweezers to characterize the changes of the mechanical properties of DNA molecules by increasing the concentration of poly-β-CD in the sample. The physical chemistry of the interaction is then deduced from these measurements by using a recently developed quenched-disorder statistical model. It is shown that the contour length of the DNA does not change in the whole range of poly-β-CD concentration (<300μM). On the other hand, significant alterations were observed in the persistence length that identifies two binding modes corresponding to the clustering of ∼2.6 and ∼14 polymer molecules along the DNA double helix, depending on the polymer concentration. Comparing these results with the ones obtained for monomeric β-CD, it was observed that the concentration of CD that alters the DNA persistence length is considerably smaller when in the polymeric form. Also, the binding constant of the polymer-DNA interaction is three orders of magnitude higher than the one found for native (monomeric) β-CD. These results show that the polymerization of the β-CD strongly increases its binding affinity to the DNA molecule. This property can be wisely used to modulate the binding of cyclodextrins to the DNA double helix.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C B Rocha
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.,Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais-Campus Avançado Janaúba, 39440-000 Janaúba, MG, Brazil
| | - E F Silva
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - M F Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - F B Sousa
- Instituto de Física e Química, Universidade Federal de Itajubá, 37500-903 Itajubá, MG, Brazil
| | - A V N C Teixeira
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - M S Rocha
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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19
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Adam A, Robison J, Lu J, Jose R, Badran N, Vivas-Buitrago T, Rigamonti D, Sattar A, Omoush O, Hammad M, Dawood M, Maghaslah M, Belcher T, Carson K, Hoffberger J, Jusué Torres I, Foley S, Yasar S, Thai QA, Wemmer J, Klinge P, Al-Mutawa L, Al-Ghamdi H, Carson KA, Asgari M, de Zélicourt D, Kurtcuoglu V, Garnotel S, Salmon S, Balédent O, Lokossou A, Page G, Balardy L, Czosnyka Z, Payoux P, Schmidt EA, Zitoun M, Sevestre MA, Alperin N, Baudracco I, Craven C, Matloob S, Thompson S, Haylock Vize P, Thorne L, Watkins LD, Toma AK, Bechter K, Pong AC, Jugé L, Bilston LE, Cheng S, Bradley W, Hakim F, Ramón JF, Cárdenas MF, Davidson JS, García C, González D, Bermúdez S, Useche N, Mejía JA, Mayorga P, Cruz F, Martinez C, Matiz MC, Vallejo M, Ghotme K, Soto HA, Riveros D, Buitrago A, Mora M, Murcia L, Bermudez S, Cohen D, Dasgupta D, Curtis C, Domínguez L, Remolina AJ, Grijalba MA, Whitehouse KJ, Edwards RJ, Eleftheriou A, Lundin F, Fountas KN, Kapsalaki EZ, Smisson HF, Robinson JS, Fritsch MJ, Arouk W, Garzon M, Kang M, Sandhu K, Baghawatti D, Aquilina K, James G, Thompson D, Gehlen M, Schmid Daners M, Eklund A, Malm J, Gomez D, Guerra M, Jara M, Flores M, Vío K, Moreno I, Rodríguez S, Ortega E, Rodríguez EM, McAllister JP, Guerra MM, Morales DM, Sival D, Jimenez A, Limbrick DD, Ishikawa M, Yamada S, Yamamoto K, Junkkari A, Häyrinen A, Rauramaa T, Sintonen H, Nerg O, Koivisto AM, Roine RP, Viinamäki H, Soininen H, Luikku A, Jääskeläinen JE, Leinonen V, Kehler U, Lilja-Lund O, Kockum K, Larsson EM, Riklund K, Söderström L, Hellström P, Laurell K, Kojoukhova M, Sutela A, Vanninen R, Vanha KI, Timonen M, Rummukainen J, Korhonen V, Helisalmi S, Solje E, Remes AM, Huovinen J, Paananen J, Hiltunen M, Kurki M, Martin B, Loth F, Luciano M, Luikku AJ, Hall A, Herukka SK, Mattila J, Lötjönen J, Alafuzoff I, Jurjević I, Miyajima M, Nakajima M, Murai H, Shin T, Kawaguchi D, Akiba C, Ogino I, Karagiozov K, Arai H, Reis RC, Teixeira MJ, Valêncio CG, da Vigua D, Almeida-Lopes L, Mancini MW, Pinto FCG, Maykot RH, Calia G, Tornai J, Silvestre SSS, Mendes G, Sousa V, Bezerra B, Dutra P, Modesto P, Oliveira MF, Petitto CE, Pulhorn H, Chandran A, McMahon C, Rao AS, Jumaly M, Solomon D, Moghekar A, Relkin N, Hamilton M, Katzen H, Williams M, Bach T, Zuspan S, Holubkov R, Rigamonti A, Clemens G, Sharkey P, Sanyal A, Sankey E, Rigamonti K, Naqvi S, Hung A, Schmidt E, Ory-Magne F, Gantet P, Guenego A, Januel AC, Tall P, Fabre N, Mahieu L, Cognard C, Gray L, Buttner-Ennever JA, Takagi K, Onouchi K, Thompson SD, Thorne LD, Tully HM, Wenger TL, Kukull WA, Doherty D, Dobyns WB, Moran D, Vakili S, Patel MA, Elder B, Goodwin CR, Crawford JA, Pletnikov MV, Xu J, Blitz A, Herzka DA, Guerrero-Cazares H, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Mori S, Saavedra P, Treviño H, Maitani K, Ziai WC, Eslami V, Nekoovaght-Tak S, Dlugash R, Yenokyan G, McBee N, Hanley DF. Abstracts from Hydrocephalus 2016. Fluids Barriers CNS 2017; 14:15. [PMID: 28929972 PMCID: PMC5471936 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-017-0054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Adam
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins Biostatistics Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Robison
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Lu
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R Jose
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Badran
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - T Vivas-Buitrago
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D Rigamonti
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Sattar
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia.,Primary Care, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - O Omoush
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia.,Primary Care, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Hammad
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Dawood
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Maghaslah
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - T Belcher
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - K Carson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Hoffberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - I Jusué Torres
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Foley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - S Yasar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Q A Thai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Wemmer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Klinge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L Al-Mutawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - K A Carson
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Asgari
- The Interface Group, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D de Zélicourt
- The Interface Group, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - V Kurtcuoglu
- The Interface Group, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich and the Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Garnotel
- BioFlowImage Laboratory, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Reims Mathematics Laboratory, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,Image Processing Laboratory, University Hospital of Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France.,BioFlowImage Laboratory, Department of Medical Image Processing, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - S Salmon
- Reims Mathematics Laboratory, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - O Balédent
- BioFlowImage Laboratory, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Image Processing Laboratory, University Hospital of Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France.,BioFlowImage Laboratory, Department of Medical Image Processing, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - A Lokossou
- BioFlowImage Laboratory, Department of Medical Image Processing, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - G Page
- BioFlowImage Laboratory, Department of Medical Image Processing, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - L Balardy
- Department of Geriatric, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Departments of Geriatric, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Department of Geriatry, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Z Czosnyka
- Neurosciences department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Brain Physics Lab, Academic Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P Payoux
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,INSER TONIC 1014, Toulouse Neuroimaging Center, Toulouse, France
| | - E A Schmidt
- UMR 1214-INSERM/UPS-TONIC Toulouse Neuro-Imaging Center, Toulouse, France.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - M Zitoun
- BioFlowImage, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - M A Sevestre
- BioFlowImage, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - N Alperin
- University of Miami Health System, Miami, FL, USA
| | - I Baudracco
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - C Craven
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - S Matloob
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - S Thompson
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - P Haylock Vize
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - L Thorne
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - L D Watkins
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.,The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - A K Toma
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.,The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Karl Bechter
- Department Psychiatry II/Bezirkskliniken, Ulm University, Günzburg, Germany
| | - A C Pong
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - L Jugé
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - L E Bilston
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia.,Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - S Cheng
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia.,Department of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - W Bradley
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - F Hakim
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia.,Neurosurgery Department, Hospital Universitario, Fundación Santafe de Bogota, Bogota, Colombia
| | - J F Ramón
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia.,Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia.,Neurosurgery Department, Hospital Universitario, Fundación Santafe de Bogota, Bogota, Colombia
| | - M F Cárdenas
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - J S Davidson
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - C García
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D González
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - S Bermúdez
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Neuroradiology, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - N Useche
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Neuroradiology, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - J A Mejía
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - P Mayorga
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - F Cruz
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - C Martinez
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - M C Matiz
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - M Vallejo
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - K Ghotme
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - H A Soto
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D Riveros
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - A Buitrago
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - M Mora
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - L Murcia
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - S Bermudez
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D Cohen
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D Dasgupta
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - C Curtis
- Department of Microbiology, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - L Domínguez
- Neurosurgery Department, Cartagena University, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - A J Remolina
- Neurosurgery Department, Cartagena University, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - M A Grijalba
- Neurosurgery Department, Cartagena University, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - K J Whitehouse
- Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
| | - R J Edwards
- Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
| | - A Eleftheriou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - F Lundin
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKE), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - K N Fountas
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larisa, Greece
| | - E Z Kapsalaki
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larisa, Greece
| | - H F Smisson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Georgia Neurosurgical Institute, Macon, GA, USA
| | - J S Robinson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Georgia Neurosurgical Institute, Macon, GA, USA
| | - M J Fritsch
- Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Klinikum, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - W Arouk
- Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Klinikum, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - M Garzon
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Kang
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - K Sandhu
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - K Aquilina
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - G James
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - D Thompson
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Gehlen
- Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Schmid Daners
- Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Eklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - J Malm
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - D Gomez
- Neurosurgery Department, Hospital Universitario, Fundación Santafe de Bogota, Bogota, Colombia
| | - M Guerra
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - M Jara
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - M Flores
- Laboratorio de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - K Vío
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - I Moreno
- Laboratorio de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - S Rodríguez
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - E Ortega
- Instituto de Neurociencias Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - E M Rodríguez
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile.,Instituto de Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - J P McAllister
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - M M Guerra
- Instituto de Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - D M Morales
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - D Sival
- Department of Pediatrics Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Jimenez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - D D Limbrick
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - M Ishikawa
- Rakuwa Villa Ilios, Kyoto, Japan.,Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Yamada
- Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Junkkari
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Häyrinen
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - T Rauramaa
- Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Pathology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Sintonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - O Nerg
- Neurology of NeuroCenter, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A M Koivisto
- Neurology of NeuroCenter, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - R P Roine
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Finland and Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital DistrictGroup Administration, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H Viinamäki
- Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Soininen
- Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Luikku
- Neurology of NeuroCenter, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J E Jääskeläinen
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - V Leinonen
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - U Kehler
- Neurosurgical Department, Asklepios Klinik Hamburg Altona, Hamburg, Germany
| | - O Lilja-Lund
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology, Östersund, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - K Kockum
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology, Östersund, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - E M Larsson
- Department of Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - K Riklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - L Söderström
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology, Östersund, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - P Hellström
- Hydrocephalus Research Unit, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Laurell
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology, Östersund, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M Kojoukhova
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Sutela
- Department of Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - R Vanninen
- Department of Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - K I Vanha
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Timonen
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Rummukainen
- Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - V Korhonen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S Helisalmi
- Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - E Solje
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A M Remes
- Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Huovinen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Paananen
- Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Hiltunen
- Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Kurki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute for Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - B Martin
- Biological Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - F Loth
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - M Luciano
- Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A J Luikku
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Hall
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S K Herukka
- Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Mattila
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tampere, Finland.,Combinostics Ltd, Tampere, Finland
| | - J Lötjönen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tampere, Finland.,Combinostics Ltd, Tampere, Finland
| | - I Alafuzoff
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Pathology and Cytology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I Jurjević
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology and Department of Neurology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Miyajima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Nakajima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Murai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Shin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - D Kawaguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - C Akiba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - I Ogino
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Karagiozov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Arai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R C Reis
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M J Teixeira
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C G Valêncio
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D da Vigua
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L Almeida-Lopes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Ensino de Fototerapia nas Ciências da Saúde (NUPEN), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - M W Mancini
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Ensino de Fototerapia nas Ciências da Saúde (NUPEN), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - F C G Pinto
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R H Maykot
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G Calia
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Tornai
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S S S Silvestre
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G Mendes
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - V Sousa
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - B Bezerra
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P Dutra
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P Modesto
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M F Oliveira
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C E Petitto
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H Pulhorn
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Chandran
- Department of Neuroradiology, The Walton Centre, Liverpool, UK
| | - C McMahon
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre, Liverpool, UK
| | - A S Rao
- The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Jumaly
- The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D Solomon
- The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Moghekar
- The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - N Relkin
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Hamilton
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - H Katzen
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - M Williams
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - T Bach
- Utah Data Collection Center (DCC), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - S Zuspan
- Utah Data Collection Center (DCC), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - R Holubkov
- Utah Data Collection Center (DCC), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - G Clemens
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Sharkey
- School of Business, Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Sanyal
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - E Sankey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K Rigamonti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Naqvi
- Primary Care, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Abqaiq, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Hung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - E Schmidt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - F Ory-Magne
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,INSER TONIC 1014, Toulouse Neuroimaging Center, Toulouse, France
| | - P Gantet
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - A Guenego
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - A C Januel
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - P Tall
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - N Fabre
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - L Mahieu
- Department of Ophtalmology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - C Cognard
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - L Gray
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - K Takagi
- Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Kashiwa-Tanaka Hospital, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - K Onouchi
- Department of Neurology, Kashiwa-Tanaka Hospital, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - S D Thompson
- The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - L D Thorne
- The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - H M Tully
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - T L Wenger
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - W A Kukull
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D Doherty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - W B Dobyns
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D Moran
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Vakili
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M A Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - B Elder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C R Goodwin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J A Crawford
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M V Pletnikov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Xu
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging at the Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Blitz
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D A Herzka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H Guerrero-Cazares
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Quiñones-Hinojosa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Mori
- Department of Radiology-Magnetic Resonance Research, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Saavedra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H Treviño
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K Maitani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - W C Ziai
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - V Eslami
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Nekoovaght-Tak
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R Dlugash
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - G Yenokyan
- Department of Biostatistics, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - N McBee
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D F Hanley
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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20
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Oliveira MF, Chaillon A, Nakazawa M, Vargas M, Letendre SL, Strain MC, Ellis RJ, Morris S, Little SJ, Smith DM, Gianella S. Early Antiretroviral Therapy Is Associated with Lower HIV DNA Molecular Diversity and Lower Inflammation in Cerebrospinal Fluid but Does Not Prevent the Establishment of Compartmentalized HIV DNA Populations. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006112. [PMID: 28046096 PMCID: PMC5266327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Even when antiretroviral therapy (ART) is started early after infection, HIV DNA might persist in the central nervous system (CNS), possibly contributing to inflammation, brain damage and neurocognitive impairment. Paired blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were collected from 16 HIV-infected individuals on suppressive ART: 9 participants started ART <4 months of the estimated date of infection (EDI) (“early ART”), and 7 participants started ART >14 months after EDI (“late ART”). For each participant, neurocognitive functioning was measured by Global Deficit Score (GDS). HIV DNA levels were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and CSF cell pellets by droplet digital (dd)PCR. Soluble markers of inflammation (sCD163, IL-6, MCP-1, TNF-α) and neuronal damage (neurofilament light [NFL]) were measured in blood and CSF supernatant by immunoassays. HIV-1 partial C2V3 env deep sequencing data (Roche 454) were obtained for 8 paired PBMC and CSF specimens and used for phylogenetic and compartmentalization analysis. Median exposure to ART at the time of sampling was 2.6 years (IQR: 2.2–3.7) and did not differ between groups. We observed that early ART was significantly associated with lower molecular diversity of HIV DNA in CSF (p<0.05), and lower IL-6 levels in CSF (p = 0.02), but no difference for GDS, NFL, or HIV DNA detectability compared to late ART. Compartmentalization of HIV DNA populations between CSF and blood was detected in 6 out of 8 participants with available paired HIV DNA sequences (2 from early and 4 from late ART group). Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the presence of monophyletic HIV DNA populations within the CSF in 7 participants, and the same population was repeatedly sampled over a 5 months period in one participant with longitudinal sampling. Such compartmentalized provirus in the CNS needs to be considered for the design of future eradication strategies and might contribute to the neuropathogenesis of HIV. Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enters the central nervous system (CNS) early after infection and provides the basis for the development of neurocognitive impairment and potentially the establishment of latent reservoirs. Early initiation of antiretroviral therapy reduces HIV reservoir size in the periphery, but no previous study has assessed whether this strategy can also affect the HIV reservoir in the CNS. In this study, we prospectively collected and evaluated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMC) from a cohort of 16 HIV-infected participants on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) who started ART early (<4 months) and late (>14 months) after the timing of HIV infection. We found that early ART initiation was associated with lower molecular diversity of HIV DNA and lower levels of inflammatory markers in CSF in comparison to late ART start. We also found evidence of compartmentalized HIV DNA populations between the CSF and blood in the majority (75%) of the participants with available paired sequences, including two (66%) participants from the early ART group. Such compartmentalized provirus in the CNS will be important for the design of future eradication strategies and could contribute to the neuropathogenesis of HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelli F. Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MFO); (SG)
| | - Antoine Chaillon
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Masato Nakazawa
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Milenka Vargas
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Scott L. Letendre
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Matthew C. Strain
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Ronald J. Ellis
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Sheldon Morris
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Susan J. Little
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Davey M. Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Sara Gianella
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MFO); (SG)
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21
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Smith DM, Nakazawa M, Freeman ML, Anderson CM, Oliveira MF, Little SJ, Gianella S. Asymptomatic CMV Replication During Early Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection Is Associated With Lower CD4/CD8 Ratio During HIV Treatment. Clin Infect Dis 2016; 63:1517-1524. [PMID: 27601222 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciw612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A low CD4/CD8 ratio in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals is associated with inflammation and higher risk of non-AIDS morbidity and mortality. In this study, we investigated the effect of subclinical cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) replication on CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell dynamics when antiretroviral therapy (ART) is started during early infection. METHODS We investigated 604 peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from 108 CMV- and EBV-seropositive HIV-infected men who have sex with men, who started ART within a median of 4 months from their estimated date of infection and were followed for a median of 29.1 months thereafter. Levels of CMV and EBV DNA were measured at each timepoint. Mixed-effects asymptotic regression models were applied to characterize CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell dynamics, and Bayesian hierarchical models were used to quantify individual differences in CMV and EBV DNA replication. RESULTS Higher levels of subclinical CMV replication were associated with lower predicted maximum levels of CD4/CD8 ratio (P < .05), which was driven by higher levels of CD8+ T-cell counts (P < .05), without affecting CD4+ T-cell counts (P > .1). Age was negatively associated with CD4/CD8 levels (P < .05), and this effect was independent of the CMV association (P < .05 for both CMV and age in a multivariate model). CONCLUSIONS Subclinical CMV replication in blood cells during early HIV infection and younger age were associated with lower CD4/CD8 ratios during suppressive ART. These findings suggest that active CMV infection in the setting of treated HIV may represent an attractive potential target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davey M Smith
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla.,Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| | | | - Michael L Freeman
- Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
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22
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Gianella S, Kosakovsky Pond SL, Oliveira MF, Scheffler K, Strain MC, De la Torre A, Letendre S, Smith DM, Ellis RJ. Compartmentalized HIV rebound in the central nervous system after interruption of antiretroviral therapy. Virus Evol 2016; 2:vew020. [PMID: 27774305 PMCID: PMC5072458 DOI: 10.1093/ve/vew020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To design effective eradication strategies, it may be necessary to target HIV reservoirs in anatomic compartments other than blood. This study examined HIV RNA rebound following interruption of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to determine whether the central nervous system (CNS) might serve as an independent source of resurgent viral replication. Paired blood and CSF samples were collected longitudinally from 14 chronically HIV-infected individuals undergoing ART interruption. HIV env (C2-V3), gag (p24) and pol (reverse transcriptase) were sequenced from cell-free HIV RNA and cell-associated HIV DNA in blood and CSF using the Roche 454 FLX Titanium platform. Comprehensive sequence and phylogenetic analyses were performed to search for evidence of unique or differentially represented viral subpopulations emerging in CSF supernatant as compared with blood plasma. Using a conservative definition of compartmentalization based on four distinct statistical tests, nine participants presented a compartmentalized HIV RNA rebound within the CSF after interruption of ART, even when sampled within 2 weeks from viral rebound. The degree and duration of viral compartmentalization varied considerably between subjects and between time-points within a subject. In 10 cases, we identified viral populations within the CSF supernatant at the first sampled time-point after ART interruption, which were phylogenetically distinct from those present in the paired blood plasma and mostly persisted over time (when longitudinal time-points were available). Our data suggest that an independent source of HIV RNA contributes to viral rebound within the CSF after treatment interruption. The most likely source of compartmentalized HIV RNA is a CNS reservoir that would need to be targeted to achieve complete HIV eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gianella
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Michelli F Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Konrad Scheffler
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matt C Strain
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Antonio De la Torre
- Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Scott Letendre
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Davey M Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ronald J Ellis
- Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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23
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Oliveira JRM, Oliveira MF. Primary brain calcification in patients undergoing treatment with the biphosphanate alendronate. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22961. [PMID: 26976513 PMCID: PMC4792151 DOI: 10.1038/srep22961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain calcification might be associated with various metabolic, infectious or vascular conditions. Clinically, brain calcification can include symptons such as migraine, parkinsonism, psychosis or dementia. The term Primary Brain Calcification was recently used for those patients without an obvious cause (formerly idiopathic) while Primary Familial Brain Calcifications was left for the cases with autosomal dominant inheritance. Recent studies found mutations in four genes (SLC20A2, PDGFRB, PDGFB and XPR1). However, these gene represent only 60% of all familial cases suggesting other genes remain to be elucidated. Studies evaluating treatments for such a devastating disease are scattered, usually appearing as single case reports. In the present study, we describe a case series of 7 patients treated with Alendronate, a widely prescribed biphosphanate. We observed good tolerance and evidence of improvements and stability by some patients. No side effects were reported and no specific symptoms related to medication. Younger patients and one individual continuing a prescription (prior to study commencement) appeared to respond more positively with some referred improvements in symptoms. Biphosphanates may represent an excellent prospect for the treatment of brain calcifications due to their being well tolerated and easily available. Conversely, prospective and controlled studies should promptly address weaknesses found in the present analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R M Oliveira
- Neuropsychiatric Department - Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco-Brazil
| | - M F Oliveira
- Neurosurgery Department. Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
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Arroyo MAM, Silva FFS, Santos PRS, Silva AR, Oliveira MF, Neto ACA. Ultrastructure of spermatogenesis and spermatozoa in agoutis during sexual development. Reprod Fertil Dev 2015; 29:383-393. [PMID: 26336816 DOI: 10.1071/rd14442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to study the ultrastructure of testicular parenchyma and define the morphological ultrastructure of spermatozoa of agoutis kept in captivity. Segments of testes from eight agouti males at prepubescence, prepuberty, pubescence and sexual maturity were fixed in glutaraldehyde. Laboratory procedures were performed for transmission electron microscopy. Spermatogonial cells of Type A - pale, Type A - dark, intermediate and Type B were found. Spermatocytes in the pachytene phase were abundant among primary spermatocytes. From the prepubertal phase, Sertoli cells exhibited invaginations in the nuclear membrane and lipid inclusions in the cytoplasm due to their phagocytic function. Leydig cells displayed higher metabolic activity during puberty as evidenced by the presence of lipid droplets. Spermatozoa were fully formed morphologically at prepuberty. The centriolar complex had partially degenerated and featured a centriolar space as in rodents. Sperm heads were tapered, without prominence of the acrosome or evidence of the perforatorium, differing from cavies, rats and mice. This is the first study to describe the ultrastructure of agouti spermatozoa. This research may assist as a basis for future work related to fertility and other biotechnologies applied to reproductive biology in agoutis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A M Arroyo
- Department of Surgery - Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87 - Cidade Universitária, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - F F S Silva
- Department of Surgery - Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87 - Cidade Universitária, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - P R S Santos
- Department of Surgery - Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87 - Cidade Universitária, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - A R Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-arid Region, Br 110, Km 47, s/n - Costa e Silva, Mossoró RN, Brazil
| | - M F Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-arid Region, Br 110, Km 47, s/n - Costa e Silva, Mossoró RN, Brazil
| | - A C Assis Neto
- Department of Surgery - Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87 - Cidade Universitária, São Paulo SP, Brazil
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Braz JKFS, Freitas ML, Magalhães MS, Oliveira MF, Costa MSMO, Resende NS, Clebis NK, Silva NB, Moura CEB. Histology and Immunohistochemistry of the Cardiac Ventricular Structure in the Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas). Anat Histol Embryol 2015; 45:277-84. [PMID: 26268418 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the implications of cardiac ventricular microscopy in Chelonia mydas relating to its ability to dive. For this work, 11 specimens of the marine turtle species C. mydas found dead on the coast of Rio Grande do Norte (Northeast Brazil) were used. After necropsy, fragments of the cardiac ventricular wall were fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde solution for 24 h and then subjected to routine processing for light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ventricle in this species is formed by the epicardium, myocardium and endocardium. The subepicardial layer consists of highly vascularised connective tissue that emits septa to reinforce the myocardium surface. There is an abundant and diffuse subepicardial nerve plexus shown by immunostaining technique. The thickness of the spongy myocardium and the nature of its trabeculae varied between the heart chambers. The endocardium shows no characteristic elements of the heart conduction system. The valves have a hyaline cartilage skeleton, coated by dense irregular connective tissues characterised by elastic fibres. These findings in the green turtle ventricular microscopy are related to hypoxia resistance during diving.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K F S Braz
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Cx. Postal 1524, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, 59072-970, Natal, Brazil
| | - M L Freitas
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Cx. Postal 1524, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, 59072-970, Natal, Brazil
| | - M S Magalhães
- Department of Morphology, Histology Laboratory, Federal University of Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octávio, 6200, Coroado I, 69077-000, Manaus, Brazil
| | - M F Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Semiárido, Av. Francisco Mota, 572, Costa e Silva, 59625-900, Mossoró, Brazil
| | - M S M O Costa
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Cx. Postal 1524, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, 59072-970, Natal, Brazil
| | - N S Resende
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Cx. Postal 1524, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, 59072-970, Natal, Brazil
| | - N K Clebis
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Cx. Postal 1524, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, 59072-970, Natal, Brazil
| | - N B Silva
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Cx. Postal 1524, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, 59072-970, Natal, Brazil
| | - C E B Moura
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Semiárido, Av. Francisco Mota, 572, Costa e Silva, 59625-900, Mossoró, Brazil
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Castelo TS, Souza ALP, Lima GL, Peixoto GCX, Campos LB, Oliveira MF, Silva AR. Interactions Among Different Devices and Electrical Stimulus on the Electroejaculation of Captive Agoutis (Dasyprocta leporina). Reprod Domest Anim 2015; 50:492-6. [PMID: 25800458 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The interactions among different electroejaculation devices associated with serial or continuous stimuli were investigated to improve the efficiency of the electroejaculation for semen collection in agoutis. Ten sexually matured male Dasyprocta leporina were restrained by the intramuscular administration of xylazine-ketamine association. Each individual was randomly subjected to four electroejaculation protocols, by combining two devices (one presenting longitudinal electrodes emitting square waves and other presenting ring electrodes emitting sine waves) and two electrical stimuli protocols (serial or continuous). A total of 40 attempts for electroejaculation were conducted in agoutis, being 10 per treatment. The most efficient treatment in providing ejaculates containing sperm (p < 0.05) was that using and electroejaculator connected to a probe with ring electrodes and associated with serial stimuli (4/7; 57%). In spite of semen parameters obtained by sine waves were adequate for using the samples for assisted reproduction, higher values for sperm motility and functional membrane integrity were obtained in the use of the square wave, independently of the electric stimulation protocol used (p < 0.05). In conclusion, we verified that the use of a device presenting a probe with ring electrodes and emitting sine waves, associated with a serial stimuli protocol, improves the efficiency for semen obtaining by electroejaculation in adults D. leporina.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Castelo
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation - LCGA, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido - UFERSA, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
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Arroyo MAM, Oliveira MF, Santos PRS, Assis Neto AC. Ultrastructure of the epididymis and vas deferens of agoutis at different stages of sexual development. Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 149:273-80. [PMID: 25028182 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The agouti (Dasyprocta spp.) is a rodent found predominantly in the Brazilian Caatinga and has importance as an alternative source of protein. In this study, the objective was to describe the ultrastructure of components of sperm pathways, especially the epididymis and vas deferens, during sexual development of agoutis kept in captivity. Segments of the vas deferens and epididymis of 8 agouti males at different stages of sexual development (prepubescent, prepubertal, pubescent, and adult) were fixed in glutaraldehyde. The following laboratory procedures were performed: histology following the standard protocol for semithin cut (toluidine blue), and transmission electron microscopy. This was a pioneer study in which it was observed that the epididymis of agoutis is composed of principal, basal, halogen, apical, and clean cells. During prepubescent and prepubertal stages, clean cells were observed in addition to principal, basal, and halogen cells. Once puberty was reached, apical cells were also present, and clean cells were no longer visible. This epithelial change during sexual development is possibly due to physiological functions. The interaction between these cells supports this, and age probably influenced the change. With regard to the vas deferens, this study was also a pioneer to note that before pubescence there were two muscle layers, differing from older animals, which had three muscle layers. This may be due to lack of sperm transit in younger animals. We concluded that the pseudostratified stereociliated epithelium of the epididymis and vas deferens of agoutis kept in captivity undergo morphological and functional changes during sexual development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A M Arroyo
- University of São Paulo, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Surgery - Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87 Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - M F Oliveira
- Federal Rural University of the Semiarid Region, Department of Animal Science, Br 110, Km 47, s/n - Costa e Silva, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - P R S Santos
- University of São Paulo, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Surgery - Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87 Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A C Assis Neto
- University of São Paulo, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Surgery - Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87 Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Santos EAA, Sousa PC, Martins JAM, Moreira RA, Monteiro-Moreira ACO, Moreno FBMB, Oliveira MF, Moura AA, Silva AR. Protein profile of the seminal plasma of collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu Linnaeus, 1758). Reproduction 2014; 147:753-64. [PMID: 24516176 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to characterize the major proteins of the peccary seminal plasma, based on the semen samples collected from nine adult and reproductively sound animals. Our approach included the use of two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by Coomassie blue staining and analysis of polypeptide maps with PDQuest Software (Bio-Rad). Proteins were identified by tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We detected 179 protein spots per gel and 98 spots were identified by mass spectrometry, corresponding to 23 different proteins. The combined intensity of those spots accounted for 56.2±6% of the intensities of all spots and 60.9% of the intensities of spots presented in every protein map. Protein spots identified as clusterin represented 19.7±8.3% of the integrated optical densities of all spots detected in the seminal plasma maps. There was a negative association (r=-0.87; P<0.05) between the intensity of a clusterin spot and the percentage of sperm with functional membrane. Spermadhesin porcine seminal plasma protein 1 and bodhesin 2 comprised 5.4±1.9 and 8.8±3.9% of the total intensity of all spots respectively. Many proteins appeared in a polymorphic pattern, such as clusterin (27 spots), epididymal secretory glutathione peroxidase (ten spots), inter-α-trypsin inhibitor (12 spots), and IgG-binding protein (ten spots), among others. In conclusion, we presently describe the major seminal plasma proteome of the peccary, which exhibits a distinct high expression of clusterin isoforms. Knowledge of wild species reproductive biology is crucial for an understanding of their survival strategies and adaptation in a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A A Santos
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm ConservationFederal University of the Semi-arid, BR 110, Km 47, Bairro Costa e Silva, 59625-900 Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, BrazilDepartment of Animal ScienceFederal University of Ceará, 60021-970 Fortaleza, BrazilSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Fortaleza, 60811-905 Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - P C Sousa
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm ConservationFederal University of the Semi-arid, BR 110, Km 47, Bairro Costa e Silva, 59625-900 Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, BrazilDepartment of Animal ScienceFederal University of Ceará, 60021-970 Fortaleza, BrazilSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Fortaleza, 60811-905 Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - J A M Martins
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm ConservationFederal University of the Semi-arid, BR 110, Km 47, Bairro Costa e Silva, 59625-900 Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, BrazilDepartment of Animal ScienceFederal University of Ceará, 60021-970 Fortaleza, BrazilSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Fortaleza, 60811-905 Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - R A Moreira
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm ConservationFederal University of the Semi-arid, BR 110, Km 47, Bairro Costa e Silva, 59625-900 Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, BrazilDepartment of Animal ScienceFederal University of Ceará, 60021-970 Fortaleza, BrazilSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Fortaleza, 60811-905 Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - A C O Monteiro-Moreira
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm ConservationFederal University of the Semi-arid, BR 110, Km 47, Bairro Costa e Silva, 59625-900 Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, BrazilDepartment of Animal ScienceFederal University of Ceará, 60021-970 Fortaleza, BrazilSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Fortaleza, 60811-905 Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - F B M B Moreno
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm ConservationFederal University of the Semi-arid, BR 110, Km 47, Bairro Costa e Silva, 59625-900 Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, BrazilDepartment of Animal ScienceFederal University of Ceará, 60021-970 Fortaleza, BrazilSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Fortaleza, 60811-905 Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - M F Oliveira
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm ConservationFederal University of the Semi-arid, BR 110, Km 47, Bairro Costa e Silva, 59625-900 Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, BrazilDepartment of Animal ScienceFederal University of Ceará, 60021-970 Fortaleza, BrazilSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Fortaleza, 60811-905 Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - A A Moura
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm ConservationFederal University of the Semi-arid, BR 110, Km 47, Bairro Costa e Silva, 59625-900 Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, BrazilDepartment of Animal ScienceFederal University of Ceará, 60021-970 Fortaleza, BrazilSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Fortaleza, 60811-905 Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - A R Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm ConservationFederal University of the Semi-arid, BR 110, Km 47, Bairro Costa e Silva, 59625-900 Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, BrazilDepartment of Animal ScienceFederal University of Ceará, 60021-970 Fortaleza, BrazilSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Fortaleza, 60811-905 Fortaleza, Brazil
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Santos PRS, Oliveira MF, Arroyo MAM, Silva AR, Rici REG, Miglino MA, Assis Neto AC. Ultrastructure of spermatogenesis in Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii). Reproduction 2014; 147:13-9. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This was a pioneer study of the spermatogenic process from the onset of puberty in Spix's yellow-toothed cavies (SYC,Galea spixii) bred in captivity. The study aimed to characterize fine structure of spermatogenesis. Twelve testes from pubertal and post-pubertal SYC males were studied using transmission electron microscopy. Spermatogenesis can be divided into three phases: proliferation, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. In proliferation phase, three types of spermatogonia were identified and characterized as Adark, Apale, and B. In the second phase, spermatocytes (2n) undergo meiotic divisions that generate spermatids (n); the process begins in spermatocytes in the preleptotene stage when they increase their nuclear size, differentiating into spermatocytes in the leptotene stage when cell division is initiated. In addition, we found chromatin condensation, and formation of a structure composed of proteins that formed a central shaft and two lateral bars associated with pairing of homologous chromosomes. During spermiogenesis, the following main events occurred: condensation of nuclear chromatin, formation of acrosome with perfuratorium, elimination of residual cytoplasm, and development of the flagellum. The sperm head is different from that of other rodents. The endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex are the two main organelles demonstrated during this process. These organelles collaborate through synthesis of proteins and hormones for the development of germ cells during spermatogenesis in SYC.
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Lemos RR, Oliveira MF, Oliveira JRM. Reporting a new mutation at the SLC20A2 gene in familial idiopathic basal ganglia calcification. Eur J Neurol 2013; 20:e43-e44. [PMID: 23406454 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R R Lemos
- Keizo Asami Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - M F Oliveira
- Neurosurgery residency program, Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - J R M Oliveira
- Keizo Asami Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.,Neuropsychiatric Department, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
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Takara LS, Cunha TM, Barbosa P, Rodrigues MK, Oliveira MF, Nery LE, Neder JA. Dynamics of chest wall volume regulation during constant work rate exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 45:1276-83. [PMID: 23250012 PMCID: PMC3854210 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the dynamic behavior of total and compartmental chest wall volumes [(V CW) = rib cage (V RC) + abdomen (V AB)] as measured breath-by-breath by optoelectronic plethysmography during constant-load exercise in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thirty males (GOLD stages II-III) underwent a cardiopulmonary exercise test to the limit of tolerance (Tlim) at 75% of peak work rate on an electronically braked cycle ergometer. Exercise-induced dynamic hyperinflation was considered to be present when end-expiratory (EE) V CW increased in relation to resting values. There was a noticeable heterogeneity in the patterns of V CW regulation as EEV CW increased non-linearly in 17/30 "hyperinflators" and decreased in 13/30 "non-hyperinflators" (P < 0.05). EEV AB decreased slightly in 8 of the "hyperinflators", thereby reducing and slowing the rate of increase in end-inspiratory (EI) V CW (P < 0.05). In contrast, decreases in EEV CW in the "non-hyperinflators" were due to the combination of stable EEV RC with marked reductions in EEV AB. These patients showed lower EIV CW and end-exercise dyspnea scores but longer Tlim than their counterparts (P < 0.05). Dyspnea increased and Tlim decreased non-linearly with a faster rate of increase in EIV CW regardless of the presence or absence of dynamic hyperinflation (P < 0.001). However, no significant between-group differences were observed in metabolic, pulmonary gas exchange and cardiovascular responses to exercise. Chest wall volumes are continuously regulated during exercise in order to postpone (or even avoid) their migration to higher operating volumes in patients with COPD, a dynamic process that is strongly dependent on the behavior of the abdominal compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Takara
- Setor de Função Pulmonar e Fisiologia Clínica do Exercício, Disciplina de Pneumologia, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Oliveira MF, Ramalho DB, Abreu CM, Vubil A, Mabunda N, Ismael N, Francisco C, Jani IV, Tanuri A. Genetic diversity and naturally polymorphisms in HIV type 1 integrase isolates from Maputo, Mozambique: implications for integrase inhibitors. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2012; 28:1788-92. [PMID: 22497664 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2012.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV proviral DNA integration into the host chromosome is carried out by integrase becoming an important target antiretroviral therapy. Raltegravir was the first integrase inhibitor approved for use in HIV therapy and elvitegravir is in the late phase of clinical development; both show good results in monotherapy studies and may be used worldwide for rescue therapy. In this work we analyzed 57 integrase sequences obtained from samples from drug-naive and first line regime-failing patients from Maputo, Mozambique, to evaluate the presence of natural polymorphisms and resistance mutations associated with raltegravir and elvitegravir. No major mutations conferring resistance to integrase inhibitors were found and polymorphic accessory mutations were solely observed in low frequency among subtype C sequences-L74M (3.4%), T97A (1.8%), and E157Q (1.8%)-suggesting that this new antiretroviral drug class will be effective in Mozambique providing a good perspective to the introduction of this class of drugs in that country.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dulce B. Ramalho
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Celina M. Abreu
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Amilcar Tanuri
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Santos TC, Tonarelli C, Teixeira FA, Oliveira MF, Maria D, Reginato P, Kfoury JR, Oliveira CAL, Lourenço DAL, Miglino MA. Histomorphometrical and proliferative aspects of placenta and uterus of the collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu). Histol Histopathol 2012; 27:793-806. [PMID: 22473699 DOI: 10.14670/hh-27.793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The histomorphometric and proliferative characteristics of the collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) placenta and uterus were analyzed. The material was examined by standard histological techniques and histochemistry (PAS, Perls and Alcian Blue pH 0.5 and 2.5%) and the cellular proliferation by AgNORs and flow cytometry. All the analyzed morphometric variables differed between pregnant and non-pregnant uteri in the luteal phase using the Dunnet test. Height and gland diameter of uterine glands increased linearly during pregnancy, with an intense positive PAS and Perls reaction in all stages. The cells with more than seven AgNORs per nuclei and the cells in the G2M cell cycle phase in the maternal tissue also increased after 70 days of pregnancy. The uteroplacental ridges had a linear increase in size with two distinct areas, base and top, with uterine epithelium and trophoblastic cells changing their morphology following the placental ridge development. Flow cytometry analysis showed the percentage of cells in each cell cycle phase with a quadratic behavior for stages G2/M in the maternal tissue, suggesting an increase in proliferative capacity of maternal tissue after 65 days of pregnancy. The same quadratic effect was observed in the G0/G1 phase in both maternal and fetal tissues. Cells in apoptosis showed cubic behavior in both tissues. The morphometric and cellular dynamic aspects observed in this study have not been previously described and they extend our knowledge of functions relating to maternal-fetal dynamics in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Santos
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
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Caiaffa CD, Stiebler R, Oliveira MF, Lara FA, Paiva-Silva GO, Oliveira PL. Sn-protoporphyrin inhibits both heme degradation and hemozoin formation in Rhodnius prolixus midgut. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2010; 40:855-860. [PMID: 20851767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2010.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2010] [Accepted: 08/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Hematophagy is a feeding habit that involves the ingestion of huge amounts of heme. The hematophagous hemipteran Rhodnius prolixus evolved many genetic resources to protect cells against heme toxicity. The primary barrier against the deleterious effects of heme is the aggregation of heme into hemozoin in the midgut lumen. Hemozoin formation is followed by the enzymatic degradation of heme by means of a unique pathway whose end product is dicysteinyl-biliverdin IX-γ (Rhodnius prolixus biliverdin, RpBv). These mechanisms are complemented by a heme-binding protein (RHBP) in the hemolymph that attenuates the pro-oxidant effects of heme. In this work, we show that when insects are fed with blood enriched with a heme analog, Sn-protoporphyrin (SnPP-IX), both hemozoin synthesis and RpBv production are inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. These effects are accompanied by increased oxidative damage to the midgut epithelium and inhibition of oviposition, indicating that hemozoin formation and heme degradation are protective mechanisms that work together and contributed to the adaptation of this insect to successfully feed on vertebrate blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Caiaffa
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Programa de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Torres AFC, Dantas RT, Menezes RRPPB, Toyama MH, Filho ED, Oliveira MF, Nogueira NAP, Oliveira MR, Monteiro HSA, Martins AMC. Antimicrobial activity of an L-amino acid oxidase isolated from Bothrops leucurus snake venom. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s1678-91992010000400012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Primo J, Siqueira I, Nascimento MCF, Oliveira MF, Farre L, Carvalho EM, Bittencourt AL. High HTLV-1 proviral load, a marker for HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis, is also detected in patients with infective dermatitis associated with HTLV-1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 42:761-4. [PMID: 19578703 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2009005000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2009] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Salvador (BA, Brazil) is an endemic area for human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The overall prevalence of HTLV-1 infection in the general population has been estimated to be 1.76%. HTLV-1 carriers may develop a variety of diseases such as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and infective dermatitis associated with HTLV-1 (IDH). IDH is a chronic and severe form of childhood exudative and infective dermatitis involving mainly the scalp, neck and ears. It has recently been observed that 30% of patients with IDH develop juvenile HAM/TSP. The replication of HTLV-1 has been reported to be greater in adult HAM/TSP patients than in asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers. In the current study, the proviral load of 28 children and adolescents with IDH not associated with HAM/TSP was determined and the results were compared to those obtained in 28 HTLV-1 adult carriers and 28 adult patients with HAM/TSP. The proviral load in IDH patients was similar to that of patients with HAM/TSP and much higher than that found in HTLV-1 carriers. The high levels of proviral load in IDH patients were not associated with age, duration of illness, duration of breast-feeding, or activity status of the skin disease. Since proviral load is associated with neurological disability, these data support the view that IDH patients are at high risk of developing HAM/TSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Primo
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Prof. Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil
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Arcêncio RA, Oliveira MF, Cardozo-Gonzales RI, Ruffino-Netto A, Pinto IC, Villa TCS. City tuberculosis control coordinators' perspectives of patient adherence to DOT in São Paulo State, Brazil, 2005. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008; 12:527-531. [PMID: 18419888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING Thirty-six priority cities in São Paulo State, Brazil, with a high incidence of tuberculosis (TB) cases, deaths and treatment default. OBJECTIVE To identify the perspectives of city TB control coordinators regarding the most important components of adherence strategies adopted by health care teams to ensure patient adherence in 36 priority cities in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. DESIGN Qualitative research with semi-structured interviews conducted with the coordinators of the National TB Control Programme involved in the management of TB treatment services in the public sector. RESULTS The main issues thought to influence adherence to directly observed treatment (DOT) by coordinators include incentives and benefits delivered to patients, patient-health care worker bonding and comprehensive care, the encouragement given by others to follow treatment (family, neighbours and health professionals), and help provided by health professionals for patients to recover their self-esteem. CONCLUSION The main aspects mentioned by city TB control coordinators regarding patient adherence to treatment and to DOT in São Paulo are improvements in communications, relationships based on trust, a humane approach and including the patients in the decision-making process concerning their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Arcêncio
- College of Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Corbin CJ, Hughes AL, Heffelfinger JR, Berger T, Waltzek TB, Roser JF, Santos TC, Miglino MA, Oliveira MF, Braga FC, Meirelles FV, Conley AJ. Evolution of suiform aromatases: ancestral duplication with conservation of tissue-specific expression in the collared peccary (Pecari tayassu). J Mol Evol 2007; 65:403-12. [PMID: 17912474 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-007-9021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2006] [Revised: 04/24/2007] [Accepted: 07/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aromatase cytochrome P450 (P450arom), the enzyme that catalyzes estrogen synthesis, is required for successful reproduction and is encoded by a single copy gene (CYP19) in most mammals. However, pigs and their distant suiform relatives the peccaries experienced CYP19 duplication. Here, the evolutionary origin of CYP19 duplication, and the evolution of the gene paralogs, was explored further in collared peccaries (Pecari tayassu). Exons IV and V, and the intervening intron, representing duplicated CYP19 genes, were cloned and sequenced from collared peccary, pig, and hippopotamus. Sequence alignment and analysis identified a gene conversion in collared peccary with a breakpoint 102 base pairs (bp) upstream of exon V. Phylogenetic analyses of nucleotide and amino acid sequence upstream of the breakpoint supported a tree in which one peccary sequence was orthologous with the porcine gonadal gene. Cloning and sequencing of tissue transcripts, using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction techniques (RT-PCR), confirmed that the gonadal ortholog was expressed in collared peccary testis. Orthology of the other genomic sequence with the porcine placental gene was not resolved, but its placenta-specific expression in collared peccary was confirmed by similar transcript analysis. Immunoblot and enzyme activity in collared peccary testes demonstrated much lower levels of P450arom than in pig testis. Collared peccary placental P450arom expression also seemed much lower than pigs. Thus, suiform CYP19 genes arose from an ancestral duplication that has maintained gonad- and placenta-specific expression, but at lower levels in peccaries than pigs, perhaps facilitating the emergence of different reproductive strategies as Suiformes diverged and evolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Corbin
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Lopez OJ, Oliveira MF, Garcia EA, Kwon BJ, Doster A, Osorio FA. Protection against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection through passive transfer of PRRSV-neutralizing antibodies is dose dependent. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2007; 14:269-75. [PMID: 17215336 PMCID: PMC1828847 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00304-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous work in our laboratory demonstrated that passive transfer of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-neutralizing antibodies (NA) protected pregnant sows against reproductive failure and conferred sterilizing immunity in sows and offspring. We report here on the dose requirement for protection by passive transfer with NA in young weaned pigs. The presence of a 1:8 titer of PRRSV-NA in serum consistently protected pigs against viremia. Nevertheless, their lungs, tonsils, buffy coat cells, and peripheral lymph nodes contained replicating PRRSV similar to the infected control group. Likewise, these animals excreted infectious virus to sentinels similar to the infectivity control animals. In an attempt to reach complete protective immunity equivalent to that previously observed in sows, the pigs were transferred with a higher titer of PRRSV-NA (1:32), and even then apparent sterilizing immunity was attained in only 50% of the animals. In conclusion, the presence of anti-PRRSV-NA in serum with a titer of 1:8 is enough to block viremia but not peripheral tissue seeding and transmission to contact animals. While a relatively low level of NA in blood is capable of conferring sterilizing immunity against PRRSV in sows, the amount of NA necessary to obtain full protection of a young weaned pig would be significantly higher, suggesting that differences exist in the PRRSV pathogenesis between both age groups. In addition, the titer of NA could be a helpful parameter of protection in the assessment of PRRSV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- O J Lopez
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska, 141 VBS, East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583-0905, USA
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Duque C, Hebling J, Smith AJ, Giro EMA, Oliveira MF, de Souza Costa CA. Reactionary dentinogenesis after applying restorative materials and bioactive dentin matrix molecules as liners in deep cavities prepared in nonhuman primate teeth. J Oral Rehabil 2007; 33:452-61. [PMID: 16671993 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01585.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the response of the pulp-dentin complex following application of resin-modified glass-ionomer cement, calcium hydroxide hard-setting cement and EDTA-soluble preparation of dentine matrix proteins (ESDP) in deep cavities prepared in non-human primate teeth. METHODS Eighteen deep Class V buccal cavities were prepared in premolars of four capuccin monkeys. In Groups 1 and 2, the cavity floor was lined with ESDP or a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (Vitrebond - 3M ESPE), respectively. In Group 3 (control), the cavity was lined with a hard setting calcium hydroxide cement (Dycal - Dentsply). The cavities were subsequently filled with amalgam. After 6 months, the animals were sacrificed and the teeth were prepared for microscopic assessment. Six-micron thick serial sections were stained with H/E, Masson's trichrome and Brown & Brenn techniques. RESULTS No inflammatory pulpal response was observed for all experimental and control Groups. However, the amount of reactionary dentin deposition differed between groups in the rank order ESDP (Group 1) > calcium hydroxide (Group 3) > resin-modified glass-ionomer (Group 2). These differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS All materials were biocompatible when applied in deep cavities. ESDP stimulated higher deposition of reactionary dentin matrix than Vitrebond and Dycal.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Duque
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, University of Sao Paulo State, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Santos TC, Dantzer V, Jones CJP, Oliveira MF, Miglino MA. Macroscopic and microscopic aspects of collared peccary and white-lipped peccary placenta. Placenta 2006; 27:244-57. [PMID: 16338470 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2005.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2004] [Revised: 02/24/2005] [Accepted: 02/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examines middle and late gestational placentae from 13 Tayassu tajacu (collared peccary) and 3 Tayassu pecari (white-lipped peccary), which are Artiodactyla belonging to the Family Tayassuidae. The chorionic sac of Tayassu species is diffuse and chorioallantoic. These epitheliochorial placentae show no trophoblast invasion into the uterine epithelium and there is interdigitation between fetal and maternal microvilli. Two distinct regions of the fetomaternal interface can be identified: the interareolar and the areolar regions. The uterine epithelium has eosinophilic cytoplasm with dispersed, basophilic and electron-dense granules. Trophoblast cells are irregularly cuboidal on top of the fetal ridges and columnar on troughs, where cells have cytoplasmic vesicles and large basal vacuoles, surrounded by whorls of smooth membranes. Capillaries indent the trophoblast cells forming a placental barrier 3 microm or less thick. The columnar uterine glandular epithelium has a subpopulation of granules staining with Perl's Prussian blue reaction, suggesting iron secretion. In areolar areas, the trophoblast cells show apical microvilli, a basophilic cytoplasm with electron-dense intracellular vacuoles and cisternae. The placenta can therefore be classified as non-deciduate. The ultrastructural aspects of this study reveal features that have not previously been described and extend our knowledge of functions relating to materno-fetal transport in these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Santos
- Department of Surgery of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnology School, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Oliveira MF, Carter AM, Bonatelli M, Ambrosio CE, Miglino MA. Placentation in the rock cavy, Kerodon rupestris (Wied). Placenta 2006; 27:87-97. [PMID: 16310042 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2004.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2004] [Revised: 11/16/2004] [Accepted: 11/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Rock cavies are rodents found in the semi-arid caatinga of Brazil. We studied the structure of the rock cavy placenta by light and transmission electron microscopy. The exchange area of the labyrinth was organized in lobes separated by interlobular areas. The interhaemal barrier was syncytial haemomonochorial. The syncytiotrophoblast had recesses in the basal membrane and some invaginations of the apical membrane, but transtrophoblastic channels could not be found. The interlobular regions comprised syncytiotrophoblast, enclosing maternal venous blood channels, and cytotrophoblast. There was a prominent subplacenta composed of cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast. Microvilli projected into spaces between the cytotrophoblasts and into lacunae within the syncytiotrophoblast. The yolk sac epithelium exhibited coated pits, endocytotic vesicles and larger vacuoles, consistent with a role in protein uptake from the uterine lumen. Tight junctions between these cells provided a barrier to diffusion by the intercellular route. The reproductive biology of the rock cavy differs from other members of the family, including the guinea pig, but the architecture of the placenta remains remarkably constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Oliveira
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Menezes D, Valentim C, Oliveira MF, Vannier-Santos MA. Putrescine analogue cytotoxicity against Trypanosoma cruzi. Parasitol Res 2005; 98:99-105. [PMID: 16283411 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-005-0010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2005] [Accepted: 08/23/2005] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of American trypanosomiasis. Most of the available data on trypanosomatid parasites were obtained from African trypanosomes. Parasitic protozoa polyamine metabolism and transport pathways comprise valuable targets for chemotherapy. T. cruzi cannot synthesize putrescine, but its uptake from the extracellular milieu can promote parasite survival. Nevertheless, little is known about the cell biology of this diamine in T. cruzi. Here we notice that the putrescine analogue 1,4-diamino-2-butanone (DAB) inhibited T. cruzi epimastigotes' in vitro proliferation and produced remarkable mitochondrial destruction and cell architecture disorganization, as assessed by transmission electron microscopy. Mitochondrial damage was confirmed by MTT reduction. We decided to analyze the oxidative stress undergone by DAB-treated parasites. Thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances were measured to assess lipid peroxidation. Analogue effects were dose-dependent; 5 mM DAB only slightly enhanced peroxidation, whereas 10 mM DAB significantly (P < 0.05) diminished it. These data indicate that putrescine uptake by this diamine auxotrophic parasite may be important for epimastigote axenic growth and cellular organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Menezes
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Rua Waldemar Falcão 121, 40.295-001 Brotas, Salvador, Brazil
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Abstract
AIM To evaluate and compare the response of pulps of rats capped with resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC) or self-etching adhesive system. METHODOLOGY Class I cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of 54 maxillary first molars of 27 rats. Pulp exposure was performed on the cavity floor. The following resin-based materials were applied as pulp-capping agents: G1, Clearfil Liner Bond 2V (CLB 2V; Kuraray Co., Japan); G2, Vitrebond (VIT; 3M/ESPE, USA). In group 3 (control group), a calcium hydroxide/saline paste (CH; Labsynth, Brazil) was used. The cavities were restored with amalgam. After 7, 30 and 60 days, the animals were sacrificed and the jaws were processed for microscopic evaluation. RESULTS Despite the inflammatory response caused by the experimental and the control materials at 7 days, pulpal healing associated with calcified barrier formation was observed at 60 days following the pulp therapy. Both resin-based materials promoted a large zone of cell-rich fibrodentine matrix deposition on the pulp horn related to the pulp exposure site, which was larger to VIT than to CLB 2V specimens. Tertiary dentine underneath the fibrodentine matrix was deposited by a layer of elongated pulpal cells. The remaining pulpal tissue exhibited normal histological characteristics. In the control group, healing and dentine-bridge formation was observed at 30 days. Pulpal breakdown occurred only when bacterial infection occurred. CONCLUSION Both experimental pulp-capping agents allowed pulpal healing characterized by cell-rich fibrodentine and tertiary dentine deposition as well as calcified barrier formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A S Costa
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, University of São Paulo State, Unesp, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Oliveira MF, Bijovsky AT, Carvalho TU, de Souza W, Alves MJ, Colli W. A monoclonal antibody to Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes recognizes a myosin tail epitope. Parasitol Res 2001; 87:1043-9. [PMID: 11763437 DOI: 10.1007/s004360100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A monoclonal antibody, 1E7, raised against tissue culture-derived trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi reacted with proteins located at the perinuclear region of the parasite as detected by immunofluorescence and immunogold electron microscopy. The antibody also recognized antigens in all trypanosomatids tested, including T. cruzi epimastigotes, as well as in many mammalian cells. Five principal antigens of 140-270 kDa soluble in 1 M NaCl were recognized by the monoclonal antibody, suggesting that the epitope may belong to more than one polypeptide since the same bands appeared even when the samples were treated with high concentrations of denaturing agents. The antibody reacted in Western blots with muscle myosin. Bacterial clones expressing fast skeletal muscle myosin head or tail cDNAs upon IPTG induction were used to demonstrate that 1E7 monoclonal antibody recognizes an epitope present in the tail region of the myosin heavy chain. This result adds to the on-going discussion related to the possible existence of an auto-immune component in the immunopathogenesis of Chagas' disease due to cross-reactive epitopes shared by the parasite and cardiac myosin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Oliveira
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil
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Arruda-Neto JD, Likhachev VP, Nogueira GP, Araujo GW, Camargo SP, Cavalcante GT, Cestari AC, Craveiro AM, Deppman A, Ferreira JW, Garcia F, Geraldo LP, Guzman F, Helene OM, Manso MV, Martins MN, Mesa J, Oliveira MF, Perez G, Rodriguez O, Tavares MV, Vanin VR. Transfer coefficient measurements of uranium to the organs of Wistar rats, as a function of the uranium content in the food. Appl Radiat Isot 2001; 54:947-56. [PMID: 11300409 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8043(00)00314-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Groups of animals (Wistar rats) were fed with rations doped with uranyl nitrate at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 100 ppm. The uranium content in the ashes of the organs was measured by the neutron-fission track counting technique. The most striking result is that the transfer coefficients, as a function of the uranium concentration, exhibit a concave shape with a minimum around 20 ppm-U for all organs. Explanations to interpret this finding are tentatively given.
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Oliveira MF, d'Avila JC, Torres CR, Oliveira PL, Tempone AJ, Rumjanek FD, Braga CM, Silva JR, Dansa-Petretski M, Oliveira MA, de Souza W, Ferreira ST. Haemozoin in Schistosoma mansoni. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2000; 111:217-21. [PMID: 11087932 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-6851(00)00299-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M F Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Oliveira MF, Silva JR, Dansa-Petretski M, de Souza W, Braga CM, Masuda H, Oliveira PL. Haemozoin formation in the midgut of the blood-sucking insect Rhodnius prolixus. FEBS Lett 2000; 477:95-8. [PMID: 10899317 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)01786-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Malaria parasites digest haemoglobin and detoxify the free haem by its sequestration into an insoluble dark-brown pigment known as haemozoin (Hz). Until recently, this pigment could be found only in Plasmodium parasites. However, we have shown that Hz is also present in the midgut of the blood-sucking insect Rhodnius prolixus [Oliveira et al. (1999) Nature 400, 517-518]. Here we show that Hz synthesis in the midgut of this insect is promoted by a particulate fraction from intestine lumen. Haem aggregation activity is heat-labile and is inhibited in vitro by chloroquine (CLQ). Inhibition of Hz formation in vivo by feeding insects with CLQ leads to increased levels of haem in the haemolymph of the insect, which resulted in increased lipid peroxidation. Taken together, these results indicate that a factor capable of promoting Hz crystallisation is present in R. prolixus midgut and that this activity represents an important physiological defence of this insect against haem toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquimica Médica, Universidaade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária Ilha do Fundão, Centro de Ciências de Saúde, Av. Brigadeiro Trompowsky, sln, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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