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Huang HC, Hsu CY, Kang MY. Does the balloon-assisted maturation procedure offer comparable results for AVF created with a smaller vein? J Vasc Access 2023:11297298221150665. [PMID: 36655547 DOI: 10.1177/11297298221150665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditionally, a venous diameter of less than 3 mm was not considered for creation of AVF. Some studies have reported smaller venous size could be used for operation. AVF created with a smaller vein may have a lower maturation rate. Currently, percutaneous angioplasty is also used to enhance the maturation of AVF. This study aimed to establish whether the BAM procedure could offer comparable results for AVF created with a smaller vein. METHODS From January 2016 to July 2021, 290 patients who received native AVF operation were enrolled in this study. All of the preoperative venous sizes were measured by Duplex ultrasonography under tourniquet enhancement. The study cohort was categorized into two groups based on the pre-operative venous diameter: smaller vein group (SVG, 2.5 < size < 3 mm, 53.1%) and normal vein group (NVG, size ⩾ 3 mm, 46.9%). RESULTS The mean age was 64 ± 12.9 years, and 58.6% of patients were male. Hypertension and DM were the most common comorbidities. Most patients underwent operation of radio-cephalic fistula (71.4%). The overall primary maturation rate was 79%. The primary maturation rate was significantly higher in the NVG (86% vs 72.7%, p = 0.009). However, after the BAM procedure, the secondary maturation rate was similar in both groups (94.1% vs 90.3%, p = 0.319). CONCLUSIONS According to our study, the BAM procedure can significantly increase the maturation rate, and the secondary maturation rate was similar in both groups. Thus, more patients can be given the opportunity to undergo creation of an AVF for long-term hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Chiao Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chiayi branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chiann-Yi Hsu
- Biostatistics Task Force of Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung
| | - Ming-Yuan Kang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chiayi branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung
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Kang MY, Wang JD, Wei HJ. Gene therapy and cardiac surgery in a patient with hemophilia. JTCVS Tech 2022; 16:102-104. [PMID: 36510532 PMCID: PMC9735420 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2022.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yuan Kang
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jiaan-Der Wang
- Center for Rare Disease and Hemophilia, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ji Wei
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan,Address for reprints: Hao-Ji Wei, MD, Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 1650 Taiwan Blvd, Sec. 4, Taichung 40705, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Sun XY, Xue Y, Wang YP, Huang J, Lin RF, Kang MY, Fang YJ. [Clinical phenotype and genotype of Gaucher disease in 14 children]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2022; 60:527-532. [PMID: 35658357 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220228-00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical and genetical characteristics of children with Gaucher disease and to explore the relationship between genotype and phenotype. Methods: In this retrospective study, the clinical data of 14 children with Gaucher disease diagnosed in Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from August 2016 to October 2021 were analyzed. Their general conditions, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests and gene variations were collected, followed by the analysis of the clinical phenotypes and genotypes. Results: Among 14 children diagnosed with Gaucher disease, 9 were males and 5 were females, with the age of diagnosis ranging from 0.7 to 15.8 years. There were 10 patients with type 1 Gaucher disease, 2 patients with type 2, and 2 patients with type 3. The most common clinical manifestations were splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia (14 cases), hepatomegaly (8 cases) and anemia (8 cases). There were 6 patients with growth retardation, and 5 patients lag in height compared with their peers. Bone abnormalities were revealed by magnetic resonance imaging in 7 type 1 Gaucher disease patients, but only 1 patient experienced bone pain. Patients with type 2 and type 3 Gaucher disease also presented with convulsions, nystagmus and hearing loss. Gaucher cells were found in bone marrow smears in 12 patients. The glucocerebrosidase gene variations identified in 13 patients were heterozygous and in 1 type 1 patient was homozygous of L483P. L483P variation accounted for 33%(10/30) of the variation alleles, followed by V414L, D448H and R159W. The variation alleles were L483P and L422R, F252I and L483P in 2 children with severe neurological manifestations of Gaucher disease. A novel variation c.22A>G was detected. Conclusions: Splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia are the main clinical presentations of Gaucher disease in children and bone lesions revealed by radiologic imaging appear prior to the occurrence of bone diseases, type 2 and type 3 Gaucher disease also present growth retardation and neurological manifestation. The most frequent variant allele is L483P, which are detected in all 3 subtypes of Gaucher disease. The L422R, F252I gene variants correlated with the neuronopathic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Sun
- Department of Hematological Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Y Xue
- Department of Hematological Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Y P Wang
- Department of Hematological Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - J Huang
- Department of Hematological Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - R F Lin
- Department of Hematological Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - M Y Kang
- Department of Hematological Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Y J Fang
- Department of Hematological Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
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Kang MY, Sun GM, Kim J, Choi HD. Determination of HPGe peak efficiency for voluminous gamma-ray sources by using an effective solid angle method. Appl Radiat Isot 2016; 116:69-76. [PMID: 27501137 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A code called EXVol has been developed to obtain the absolute peak efficiency for an extended or voluminous γ-ray source. The method is based on the concept of effective solid angles. Several efficiency curves that have been determined semi-empirically for voluminous sources are compared with the experimental values based on certified reference volume sources. To study the geometric and matrix effects, standard γ-ray sources of several media, volumes and shapes were measured using HPGe detectors with three different efficiencies. For the n-type detector of 32% relative efficiency, the relative deviations are less than ±10%; this performance is similar to that of existing programs for similar purposes. The EXVol code is able to calculate the detection efficiency within approximately five minutes or less. Systematic errors based on EXVol input parameters, which are mainly due to the inherent uncertainty in the detector's characteristic dimensions provided by the vendor, are studied to obtain more accurate specifications of the detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Kang
- Seoul National University, Daehak-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742 Republic of Korea.
| | - G M Sun
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Yuseong, Daejeon, 305- 353 Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyuck Kim
- Seoul National University, Daehak-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742 Republic of Korea; Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Yuseong, Daejeon, 305- 353 Republic of Korea
| | - H D Choi
- Seoul National University, Daehak-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742 Republic of Korea
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Kang MY, Wei HJ, Wang CC, Chang Y. Rescue of Coronary Injury with Right Internal Mammary Artery Bypass during Repair of a Complex Congenital Heart. Acta Cardiol Sin 2016; 31:365-7. [PMID: 27122895 DOI: 10.6515/acs20140721f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A 10-year-old boy with polysplenia syndrome was diagnosed with complex congenital heart disease, including common atrium, bilateral superior vena cava, complete atrioventricular canal defect, severe pulmonary stenosis, interrupted inferior vena cava, and patent ductus arteriosus. Previously, he underwent a bilateral bidirectional Glenn shunt operation with ligation of the patent ductus arteriosus in April, 2009, when he was six years old. During the operation, his left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was injured accidently due to abnormally high coronary artery takeoff. Consequently, a coronary artery bypass graft [right internal mammary artery (RIMA) to LAD proximal, end-to-end] was performed. On July 24, 2013, he received the last stage of a total cavopulmonary connection with an extracardiac conduit (22 mm PTFE graft) at ten years of age. The RIMA was not injured during redo-sternotomy and he was discharged uneventfully 11 days after the operation. KEY WORDS Congenital heart disease; Coronary artery bypass surgery; Coronary injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yuan Kang
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ji Wei
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chi Wang
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen Chang
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Kang MY, Hsieh SR. Type A dissection and fistula to right atrium after aortic valve replacement. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2014; 24:367-9. [PMID: 25406403 DOI: 10.1177/0218492314559983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A 73-year-old man with a history of severe aortic regurgitation underwent aortic valve replacement with a bioprosthesis. Nine years later, he presented with heart failure and was diagnosed with chronic type A dissection and severe aortic stenosis. During surgery, a fistula from the ascending aortic aneurysm to the right atrium was found incidentally. Replacement of the aortic valve and ascending aorta were performed successfully. The fistula was closed with sutures. The patient was discharged uneventfully on postoperative day 16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yuan Kang
- Cardiovascular Center of Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Rong Hsieh
- Cardiovascular Center of Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Park JK, Kang TG, Kang MY, Park JE, Cho IA, Shin JK, Choi WJ, Lee SA, Choi WS, Kwon HM, Lee JH, Paik WY. Increased NFAT5 expression stimulates transcription of Hsp70 in preeclamptic placentas. Placenta 2013; 35:109-16. [PMID: 24398013 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the expression of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5), and hypoxia-induced factor-1α (HIF-1α) in the placentas of normal and preeclamptic pregnancies and in human placental hypoxia models in vitro to examine the regulatory mechanisms of placental Hsp70 expression. METHODS The expression levels of HIF-1α, NFAT5, and Hsp70 were examined in placental samples from 10 females with preeclampsia and 10 normotensive control patients and in human choriocarcinoma trophoblast cells treated with 1 mM CoCl2 by western blotting. Using models of placental hypoxia, pharmacological inhibition of HIF-1α with chetomin and shRNA knockdown and overexpression of NFAT5 were performed to investigate the roles of HIF-1α and NFAT5 in induction of Hsp70 by placental hypoxia. RESULTS The levels of HIF-1α, NFAT5, and Hsp70 expression were significantly higher in the preeclamptic compared to normal placentas. In the placental hypoxia models, the expression of HIF-1α, NFAT5, and Hsp70 were significantly higher after 3, 6, and 12 h of 1 mM CoCl2 treatment, respectively. Pharmacological inhibition of HIF-1α suppressed the induction of NFAT5 and Hsp70 at the protein level. shRNA knockdown of NFAT5 suppressed the induction of Hsp70 protein and overexpression of NFAT5 stimulated the induction of Hsp70 mRNA and protein in models of human placental hypoxia in vitro. CONCLUSION HIF-1α positively regulates the induction of NFAT5 and Hsp70 by placental hypoxia and NFAT5 stimulates transcription of Hsp70 in response to placental hypoxia in models of human placental hypoxia in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea
| | - T G Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea
| | - M Y Kang
- Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea
| | - J E Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea
| | - I A Cho
- Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea
| | - J K Shin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea
| | - W J Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea
| | - S A Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea
| | - W S Choi
- Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea
| | - H M Kwon
- School of Nano-Bioscience and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute and Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea
| | - W Y Paik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, South Korea.
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Kang MY, Kim HB, Piao C, Lee KH, Hyun JW, Chang IY, You HJ. The critical role of catalase in prooxidant and antioxidant function of p53. Cell Death Differ 2012; 20:117-29. [PMID: 22918438 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2012.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is an important regulator of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, although downstream mediators of p53 remain to be elucidated. Here, we show that p53 and its downstream targets, p53-inducible ribonucleotide reductase (p53R2) and p53-inducible gene 3 (PIG3), physically and functionally interact with catalase for efficient regulation of intracellular ROS, depending on stress intensity. Under physiological conditions, the antioxidant functions of p53 are mediated by p53R2, which maintains increased catalase activity and thereby protects against endogenous ROS. After genotoxic stress, high levels of p53 and PIG3 cooperate to inhibit catalase activity, leading to a shift in the oxidant/antioxidant balance toward an oxidative status, which could augment apoptotic cell death. These results highlight the essential role of catalase in p53-mediated ROS regulation and suggest that the p53/p53R2-catalase and p53/PIG3-catalase pathways are critically involved in intracellular ROS regulation under physiological conditions and during the response to DNA damage, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Kang
- DNA Damage Response Network Center, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju, South Korea
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Park JK, Jeong JW, Kang MY, Baek JC, Shin JK, Lee SA, Choi WS, Lee JH, Paik WY. Inhibition of the PI3K-Akt pathway suppresses sFlt1 expression in human placental hypoxia models in vitro. Placenta 2010; 31:621-9. [PMID: 20488538 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2010.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Revised: 04/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although elevated expression of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia, it is unclear how hypoxia regulates placental sFlt1 expression. Thus, we investigated sFlt1 expression in placentas from normal and preeclamptic pregnancies and in human placental hypoxia models in vitro to examine the role of the PI3K-Akt pathway in regulating the expression of this molecule. METHODS We examined the expression of VEGF, PlGF, sFlt1, PI3K, Akt, and HIF-1 in placental samples from ten women with pre-eclampsia and ten normotensive control patients and in human choriocarcinoma trophoblast cells treated with 600muM CoCl(2) by Western blotting. Using models of placental hypoxia, we also determined whether inhibition of the PI3K-Akt pathway plays a direct role in regulating the expression of sFlt1. RESULTS The VEGF, PlGF, sFlt1, PI3K, Akt, and HIF-1 levels were significantly higher in the preeclamptic placentas than the normal placentas. In the placental hypoxia models, the expression of VEGF and PlGF increased in a time-dependent manner, whereas the expression of sFlt1 plateaued after 3h of CoCl(2) treatment. The expression levels of p-Akt and PI3K were maximal after 6 and 12h of CoCl(2) treatment, respectively. The expression of HIF-1alpha increased in a time-dependent manner with CoCl(2) treatment. Inhibition of the PI3K-Akt pathway with the PI3K-specific inhibitor LY294002 leads to decreased sFlt1 levels and unchanged or increased VEGF and PlGF levels. CONCLUSION Inhibition of the PI3K-Akt pathway may be a useful therapeutic approach, if it were to decrease sFlt1 secretion without inhibiting VEGF or PlGF secretion. This pathway provides a potential target for a new treatment strategy in patients with pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu, Republic of Korea
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Park JK, Kang MY, Kim YH, Jo HC, Shin JK, Choi WJ, Lee SA, Lee JH, Choi WS, Paik WY. PKC delta in preeclamptic placentas promotes Bax dissociation from 14-3-3 zeta through 14-3-3 zeta phosphorylation. Placenta 2008; 29:584-92. [PMID: 18472156 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2008.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2007] [Revised: 03/16/2008] [Accepted: 03/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated placental apoptosis and the expression of and interactions between 14-3-3 and Bcl-2 family proteins during preeclampsia. In addition, we explored the mechanism of Bax dissociation from 14-3-3, hypothesizing that PKC-mediated phosphorylation of 14-3-3 results in dissociation of Bax from 14-3-3 proteins, and leads to apoptosis. METHODS Placental samples from 10 women with preeclampsia and 10 normotensive control patients were analyzed using M30-specific immunohistochemistry to assess placental apoptosis. Biochemical markers of cellular apoptosis, such as cleaved caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, 14-3-3, and PKC were followed by Western blotting. Interaction of 14-3-3 proteins with Bax and with PKC was assessed by immunoprecipitation. RESULTS M30-positive cells were widespread in the preeclamptic placentas. The levels of cleaved caspase-3, Bax, 14-3-3 zeta, phospho-(Ser)-14-3-3, and PKC delta were significantly higher in the preeclamptic placentas than in normal placentas. Preeclampsia was also associated with weaker interactions between 14-3-3 zeta and Bax and stronger interactions between 14-3-3 zeta and PKC delta. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that PKC delta in preeclamptic placentas promotes Bax dissociation from 14-3-3 zeta through the phosphorylation of 14-3-3 zeta. This finding may at least in part explain the apoptosis-inducing activity of PKC delta, revealing the important role of PKC delta in the development of apoptosis-related diseases such as preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 90 Chilam-dong, JinJu 660-702, Republic of Korea
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Jeong KC, Kang MY, Heimke C, Shere JA, Erol I, Kaspar CW. Isolation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from the gall bladder of inoculated and naturally-infected cattle. Vet Microbiol 2006; 119:339-45. [PMID: 17005336 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2006] [Revised: 08/17/2006] [Accepted: 08/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To determine if Escherichia coli O157:H7 is capable of residing in the gall bladder of cattle, inoculation studies were conducted with O157:H7 strain 86-24 in weaned Holstein calves. Strain 86-24 was isolated from the gall bladders of five calves 36 days after inoculation. Two other calves contained the inoculation strain in the distal colon but the organism was absent in their gall bladders. A second trial in which the calves were euthanized 15 days after inoculation found strain 86-24 in six of seven inoculated calves but only in colon and/or rumen samples. In a third trial that inoculated eight calves with a four-strain cocktail of O157:H7 strains, the gall bladders from all eight animals were positive 9 days after inoculation. The colon and rumen samples from these calves were also positive. E. coli O157:H7 isolates recovered from bile samples and subtyped by pulsed field gel electrophoresis found that three of the four inoculation strains were present in one or more of the calves. Thus, residence in the gall bladder is not restricted to a single strain. Additional evidence of the ability to localize in the gall bladder of cattle was provided by testing the bile from 150 gall bladders (five collection dates, 30 samples each) obtained at an abbatoir and the isolation of E. coli O157:H7 from four samples (2.7%). This study establishes that E. coli O157:H7 can reside transiently or permanently at a low level in the gall bladder of cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Jeong
- Department of Food Microbiology and Toxicology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1187, USA
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12
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Nam SH, Choi SP, Kang MY, Koh HJ, Kozukue N, Friedman M. Bran extracts from pigmented rice seeds inhibit tumor promotion in lymphoblastoid B cells by phorbol ester. Food Chem Toxicol 2005; 43:741-5. [PMID: 15778014 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2005.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2004] [Revised: 01/19/2005] [Accepted: 01/25/2005] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Using flow cytometry, we quantitatively evaluated anti-tumor-promoting activity of rice bran extracts by measuring inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus early-antigen activation (EBV-EA) induced by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). This assay measures anti-tumor-promoting activity and cytotoxicity of target substances using the same batch of cells. Using this short-term procedure, we have determined the anti-tumor-promoting activity of 70% ethanol-water extracts of bran (outer layer) from seeds of five pigmented rice cultivars: Jumlalocal-1, DZ 78, Elwee, LK1-3-6-12-1-1, and LK1A-2-12-1-1. The results show that, compared to an extract from the non-pigmented white cooking rice variety Chuchung, the extracts from the pigmented varieties strongly inhibited phorbol ester-induced tumor promotion in marmoset lymphoblastoid cells B95-8 in vitro. These findings may facilitate development and use of new health-promoting rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Nam
- Department of Biological Science, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea
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Dong SK, Long RJ, Kang MY. Milking and milk processing: traditional technologies in the yak farming system of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-0307.2003.00088.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kaylie DM, Stevens KR, Kang MY, Cohen JI, Wax MK, Andersen PE. External beam radiation followed by planned neck dissection and brachytherapy for base of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngoscope 2000; 110:1633-6. [PMID: 11037816 DOI: 10.1097/00005537-200010000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection of tongue base cancer can leave the patient with significant functional deficits. Other therapies, such as external beam radiation followed by neck dissection and radiation implants, have shown equal tumor control with good functional outcome. METHODS Between March 1991 and July 1999, 12 patients at Oregon Health Sciences University, the Portland Veterans Administration Medical Center and West Virginia University School of Medicine Hospital were treated with external beam radiation followed by neck dissection and Ir192 implants. Two patients had T1 disease, two had T2, five patients had T3 tumors, and three had T4 tumors. Six had N2a necks, three had N2b necks, and three had N2c. Follow-up ranged from 13 months to 8 years. RESULTS After external beam radiation, five patients had complete response and seven had partial response in the neck without complications. One patient underwent a unilateral radical neck dissection, eight had unilateral selective neck dissections involving levels I to IV, and three had dissections involving levels I to III. One of the five patients who had a complete clinical response in the neck had pathologically positive nodes. One patient had a pulmonary embolus that was treated and had no permanent sequelae. There were three complications from brachytherapy. Two patients had soft tissue necrosis at the primary site and one patient had radionecrosis of the mandible. All healed without further therapy. One patient had persistent disease and underwent a partial glossectomy but died of local disease. Distant metastasis developed in two patients. All others show no evidence of disease and are able to eat a normal diet by mouth. CONCLUSION This combination of therapies should be considered when treating tongue base cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Kaylie
- Department of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201, USA
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Kang H, Kang MY, Han KH. Identification of natural rubber and characterization of rubber biosynthetic activity in fig tree. Plant Physiol 2000; 123:1133-1142. [PMID: 10889262 PMCID: PMC59076 DOI: 10.1104/pp.123.3.1133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/1999] [Accepted: 03/14/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Natural rubber was extracted from the fig tree (Ficus carica) cultivated in Korea as part of a survey of rubber producing plants. Fourier transform infrared and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of samples prepared by successive extraction with acetone and benzene confirmed that the benzene-soluble residues are natural rubber, cis-1,4-polyisoprene. The rubber content in the latex of fig tree was about 4%, whereas the rubber content in the bark, leaf, and fruit was 0.3%, 0.1%, and 0.1%, respectively. Gel-permeation chromatography revealed that the molecular size of the natural rubber from fig tree is about 190 kD. Similar to rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) and guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray), rubber biosynthesis in fig tree is tightly associated with rubber particles. The rubber transferase in rubber particles exhibited a higher affinity for farnesyl pyrophosphate than for isopentenyl pyrophosphate, with apparent K(m) values of 2.8 and 228 microM, respectively. Examination of latex serum from fig tree by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed major proteins of 25 and 48 kD in size, and several proteins with molecular mass below 20 and above 100 kD. Partial N-terminal amino acid sequencing and immunochemical analyses revealed that the 25- and 48-kD proteins were novel and not related to any other suggested rubber transferases. The effect of EDTA and Mg(2+) ion on in vitro rubber biosynthesis in fig tree and rubber tree suggested that divalent metal ion present in the latex serum is an important factor in determining the different rubber biosynthetic activities in fig tree and rubber tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kang
- Kumho Life and Environmental Science Laboratory, 1 Oryong-dong, Puk-gu, Kwangju, 500-712 Korea.
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16
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Abstract
Cranial nerve damage following head and neck radiotherapy is an unusual event. Cranial neuropathy following concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy is unreported. The authors report a case of a 54-year-old man treated with curative chemotherapy and radiotherapy for a stage III nasopharyngeal carcinoma who developed an unilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy five years after therapy. Follow-up examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) show no evidence of recurrent disease. Hypoglossal nerve injury occurring after head and neck radiotherapy is an indirect effect due to progressive soft tissue fibrosis and loss of vascularity. This process develops over years leading to nerve entrapment and permanent damage. Cranial nerve palsies, including damage to the hypoglossal nerve, can develop years after therapy with no evidence of tumour recurrence. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy have improved progression-free and overall survival in advanced nasopharyngeal cancer. As more patients achieve long-term tumour control following chemotherapy and radiotherapy, we must be cognizant of potential late injury to cranial nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, USA
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17
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Since surgical trauma not only intensifies the oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), but also weakens the biological defense system against ROS attack, the antioxidant activity of drugs used during the perioperative period, which possibly normalizes the impaired redox state in the patient, is of fundamental importance and great clinical interest. METHODS We have applied the phycoerythrin fluorescence-based assay, in which 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-generated peroxyl radical attacks B-phycoerythrin (B-PE) to lead to a sensitive decrease in its fluorescence intensity linearly, to evaluate the antioxidant activity of major drugs in anesthetic practice. RESULTS By the protective effect on B-PE fluorescence decay, the antioxidant activities of the drugs were classified into three groups: Group I drugs, which only slowed B-PE fluorescence decay (nicardipine, verapamil, diltiazem, ephedrine, aminophylline, vecuronium, lidocaine, mepivacaine, midazolam, thiamylal, droperidol, ketamine, hydroxyzine, butorphanol, prednisolone, hydrocortisone, betamethasone, dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, and furosemide); Group II drugs, which protected B-PE oxidation completely and stopped fluorescence decay in a certain duration (dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, dobutamine, isoproterenol, and buprenorphine); and Group III drugs, which had no protective effect on B-PE oxidation (nitroglycerin, prostaglandin E1, neostigmine, pancuronium, suxamethonium, atropine, bupivacaine, pentazocine, and heparin). CONCLUSION These results indicate that Group I and II drugs exert some antioxidant activity in vitro, as measured by their protection of fluorescence decay of B-PE. Careful consideration of these properties might, then, serve to facilitate more efficient drug application.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Japan
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Furuno K, Tsuchiya M, Ushida T, Kang MY, Kanbara T, Yamamoto H, Manabe M. [Cephalad movement of the carina due to CD (Cotrel-Dubousset) instrumentation for idiopathic scoliosis]. Masui 1995; 44:1614-7. [PMID: 8583654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Recently we experienced a case of tracheal tube obstruction due to the upward displacement of carina during CD (Cotrel-Dubousset) instrumentation for idiopathic scoliosis. Therefore, we hypothesized that CD instrumentation may affect the position of the carina as a result of correction of chest deformity, and studied the displacement of carina before and after CD instrumentation on chest X-ray in 12 patients with scoliosis. The length between the bottom of the 6th cervical vertebral body and the carina was measured by using chest X-ray before and after the correction. In all patients studied, cephalad movement of the carina was observed, and it was more than 1.00 cm in 5 patients. The maximal movement of the carina was 1.59 cm. The tracheal length after the correction was significantly shorter than before (P < 0.01). These results suggest that the carina may be displaced upwards due to the correction by the CD instrumentation, and that such induced displacement may affect the tracheal tube position and obstruct the tube during the operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Furuno
- Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku
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Kang MY, Shimomura S, Fukui T. Inactivation of alcohol dehydrogenase in rice seedlings is related to a microsomal fatty acid alpha-oxidation system. J Biochem 1986; 99:549-59. [PMID: 2939066 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a135511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The selective inactivation of alcohol dehydrogenase by the inactivator found in the microsomal fraction of rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings growing in air (Shimomura, S. & Beevers, H. (1983) Plant Physiol. 71, 736-741; 742-746) was further studied. This inactivation was found to be essentially dependent on the presence of free fatty acids. The specificity for fatty acids and the inhibitory effects of imidazole, 2-hydroxyfatty acids and dithiothreitol on the inactivation were all consistent with the properties of the fatty acid alpha-oxidation system in plants. Both O2 consumption and decarboxylation of fatty acid due to alpha-oxidation were also demonstrated in rice microsomes. When purified rice alcohol dehydrogenase was added to the alpha-oxidation system in rice microsomes, the decarboxylation of fatty acid was inhibited, and the cysteinyl residues of alcohol dehydrogenase were oxidized. The oxidation of two cysteinyl residues per monomer resulted in the complete inactivation of the enzyme. The activity of the inactivator in the isolated microsomes was gradually lost during storage and was rapidly lost upon heating. The inactivation of alcohol dehydrogenase was observed even when the enzyme was separated from microsomes by a dialysis membrane. These results indicate that the inactivation of alcohol dehydrogenase is closely related to fatty acid alpha-oxidation. We postulate that an intermediate of alpha-oxidation is the inactivator.
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