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Naren Q, Lindsund E, Bokhari MH, Pang W, Petrovic N. Differential responses to UCP1 ablation in classical brown versus beige fat, despite a parallel increase in sympathetic innervation. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105760. [PMID: 38367663 PMCID: PMC10944106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In the cold, the absence of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) results in hyper-recruitment of beige fat, but classical brown fat becomes atrophied. Here we examine possible mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. We confirm that in brown fat from UCP1-knockout (UCP1-KO) mice acclimated to the cold, the levels of mitochondrial respiratory chain proteins were diminished; however, in beige fat, the mitochondria seemed to be unaffected. The macrophages that accumulated massively not only in brown fat but also in beige fat of the UCP1-KO mice acclimated to cold did not express tyrosine hydroxylase, the norepinephrine transporter (NET) and monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A). Consequently, they could not influence the tissues through the synthesis or degradation of norepinephrine. Unexpectedly, in the cold, both brown and beige adipocytes from UCP1-KO mice acquired an ability to express MAO-A. Adipose tissue norepinephrine was exclusively of sympathetic origin, and sympathetic innervation significantly increased in both tissues of UCP1-KO mice. Importantly, the magnitude of sympathetic innervation and the expression levels of genes induced by adrenergic stimulation were much higher in brown fat. Therefore, we conclude that no qualitative differences in innervation or macrophage character could explain the contrasting reactions of brown versus beige adipose tissues to UCP1-ablation. Instead, these contrasting responses may be explained by quantitative differences in sympathetic innervation: the beige adipose depot from the UCP1-KO mice responded to cold acclimation in a canonical manner and displayed enhanced recruitment, while the atrophy of brown fat lacking UCP1 may be seen as a consequence of supraphysiological adrenergic stimulation in this tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimuge Naren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Lindsund
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Hamza Bokhari
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Weijun Pang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Reckziegel P, Petrovic N, Cannon B, Nedergaard J. Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) cell-autonomously promotes thermogenic and adipogenic differentiation of brown and white adipocytes. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2024; 271:115955. [PMID: 38237396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.115955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a synthetic organofluoride surfactant associated with several toxic effects in humans and animals. Particularly, it has been observed that PFOA treatment of mice results in weight loss associated with recruited brown adipose tissue (BAT), including an increased amount of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). The molecular mechanism behind this BAT recruitment is presently unknown. To investigate the existence of possible cell-autonomous effects of PFOA, we treated primary cultures of brown and white (inguinal) adipocytes with PFOA, or with the non-fluorinated equivalent octanoate, or with vehicle, for 48 h (from day 5 to day 7 of differentiation). PFOA in itself increased the gene expression (mRNA levels) of UCP1 and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1α) (thermogenesis-related genes) in both brown and white adipocytes. In addition, PFOA increased the expression of fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) (adipogenesis-related genes). Also the protein levels of UCP1 were increased in brown adipocytes exposed to PFOA. This increase was more due to an increase in the fraction of cells that expressed UCP1 than to an increase in UCP1 levels per cell. The PFOA-induced changes were even more pronounced under simultaneous adrenergic stimulation. Octanoate induced less pronounced effects on adipocytes than did PFOA. Thus, PFOA in itself increased the levels of thermogenic markers in brown and white adipocytes. This could enhance the energy metabolism of animals (and humans) exposed to the compound, resulting in a negative energy balance, leading to diminished fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Reckziegel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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3
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Shabalina IG, Edgar D, Gibanova N, Kalinovich AV, Petrovic N, Vyssokikh MY, Cannon B, Nedergaard J. Enhanced ROS Production in Mitochondria from Prematurely Aging mtDNA Mutator Mice. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2024; 89:279-298. [PMID: 38622096 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924020081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
An increase in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and an ensuing increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production have been suggested to be a cause of the aging process ("the mitochondrial hypothesis of aging"). In agreement with this, mtDNA-mutator mice accumulate a large amount of mtDNA mutations, giving rise to defective mitochondria and an accelerated aging phenotype. However, incongruously, the rates of ROS production in mtDNA mutator mitochondria have generally earlier been reported to be lower - not higher - than in wildtype, thus apparently invalidating the "mitochondrial hypothesis of aging". We have here re-examined ROS production rates in mtDNA-mutator mice mitochondria. Using traditional conditions for measuring ROS (succinate in the absence of rotenone), we indeed found lower ROS in the mtDNA-mutator mitochondria compared to wildtype. This ROS mainly results from reverse electron flow driven by the membrane potential, but the membrane potential reached in the isolated mtDNA-mutator mitochondria was 33 mV lower than that in wildtype mitochondria, due to the feedback inhibition of succinate oxidation by oxaloacetate, and to a lower oxidative capacity in the mtDNA-mutator mice, explaining the lower ROS production. In contrast, in normal forward electron flow systems (pyruvate (or glutamate) + malate or palmitoyl-CoA + carnitine), mitochondrial ROS production was higher in the mtDNA-mutator mitochondria. Particularly, even during active oxidative phosphorylation (as would be ongoing physiologically), higher ROS rates were seen in the mtDNA-mutator mitochondria than in wildtype. Thus, when examined under physiological conditions, mitochondrial ROS production rates are indeed increased in mtDNA-mutator mitochondria. While this does not prove the validity of the mitochondrial hypothesis of aging, it may no longer be said to be negated in this respect. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Professor Vladimir P. Skulachev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina G Shabalina
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden.
| | - Daniel Edgar
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden.
| | - Natalia Gibanova
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden.
| | - Anastasia V Kalinovich
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden.
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden.
| | - Mikhail Yu Vyssokikh
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden.
| | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden.
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden.
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Valdivia LFG, Castro É, Eichler RADS, Moreno MF, de Sousa É, Jardim GFR, Peixoto AS, Moraes MN, Castrucci AMDL, Nedergaard J, Petrovic N, Festuccia WT, Reckziegel P. Cold acclimation and pioglitazone combined increase thermogenic capacity of BAT and WAT but this does not translate into higher energy expenditure. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 324:E358-E373. [PMID: 36856189 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00217.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Cold acclimation and pharmacological peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activation have each earlier been shown to recruit brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige adipocytes thermogenic machinery, enhancing uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-mediated thermogenic capacity. We here investigated whether cold acclimation and PPARγ agonism combined have additive effects in inducing brown and beige adipocytes UCP1 content and whether this translates into a higher thermogenic capacity and energy expenditure. C57BL/6J mice treated or not with pioglitazone (30 mg/kg/day) were maintained at 21°C or exposed to cold (7°C) for 15 days and evaluated for thermogenic capacity, energy expenditure and interscapular BAT (iBAT) and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) mass, morphology, UCP1 content and gene expression, glucose uptake and oxygen consumption. Cold acclimation and PPARγ agonism combined synergistically increased iBAT and iWAT total UCP1 content and mRNA levels of the thermogenesis-related proteins PGC1a, CIDEA, FABP4, GYK, PPARa, LPL, GLUTs (GLUT1 in iBAT and GLUT4 in iWAT), and ATG when compared to cold and pioglitazone individually. This translated into a stronger increase in body temperature in response to the β3-adrenergic agonist CL316,243 and iBAT and iWAT respiration induced by succinate and pyruvate in comparison to that seen in either cold-acclimated or pioglitazone-treated mice. However, basal energy expenditure, BAT glucose uptake and glucose tolerance were not increased above that seen in cold-acclimated untreated mice. In conclusion, cold acclimation and PPARγ agonism combined induced a robust increase in brown and beige adipocytes UCP1 content and thermogenic capacity, much higher than each treatment individually. However, our findings enforce the concept that increases in total UCP1 do not innately lead to higher energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Felipe Galvão Valdivia
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Érique Castro
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mayara Franzoi Moreno
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Érica de Sousa
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Albert Souza Peixoto
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Nathália Moraes
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Químicas, Ambientais e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - William T Festuccia
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Reckziegel
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
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5
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Stulic M, Culafic D, Jordovic J, Culafic M, Petrovic N, Stojimirov I, Loncar Z. West Nile Virus Infection in Liver Transplant Recipient With Neither De Novo Infection nor Donor-Derived Infection: A Case Report. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2023; 21:59-62. [PMID: 36757169 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2022.0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
West Nile virus was first described in 1937 and has sinceperiodically appearedin variousparts oftheworld by infecting people and horses. Reported infection symptoms and signs may be highly variable, ranging from fever and myalgias to meningoencephalitis. A 59-year-old patient was admitted to the University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, in September 2018, where livertransplantwasperformedtotreat cirrhosisof ethyl etiology. Immunosuppressive therapy was started immediately after successful transplant, with the patientreceiving methylprednisolone, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil. Mycophenolate mofetil was excluded from therapy on postoperative day 3 because of progressively worse white blood cell count. The patient became febrile on postoperative day 11 (39.6 °C), and arm tremor, nausea, vomiting, and frequent fluid stools occurred. He complained of pain in the muscles and joints of the lower extremities. The next day he experienced occasional disorientation. Neurological findings revealed no signs of acute focal neurological deficit. We performed culture tests to isolate pathological microorganisms, and results were negative in cultures of the blood, urine, feces, ascites, and a smear of the wound and tip of the central venous catheter. Lumbar puncture resulted in a clear cerebrospinal fluid that was sent for analysis that showed significant increases in white blood cell count (94 × 106 cells/L), total proteins (1.61 g/L), and microalbumin (504.5 mg/L), with a reduction of immunoglobulin G. On postoperative day 15, positive serology of West Nile virus immunoglobulin M in cerebrospinal fluid was verified. Intensive monitoring and symptomatic and supportive therapy resulted in clinical and laboratory improvement, and the patient was discharged in good general condition on postoperative day 22. Considering the high risk of posttransplant complications, there remains the question of whether all donors and recipients should be tested forWest Nile virus atthe onset oftransplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Stulic
- From the Clinic for Gastroenterohepatology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
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Perge P, Sallo Z, Petrovic N, Piros K, Nagy KV, Osztheimer I, Merkely B, Geller L, Szegedi N. Early rapid local impedance drop is associated with acute lesion efficacy during pulmonary vein isolation using a novel contact force sensing catheter. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The predictive role of adequate local impedance drop in lesion formation using a novel contact force sensing ablation catheter for pulmonary vein isolation was recently described. The purpose of our study was to assess the temporal characteristics of local impedance drop during ablation and its correlation with acute lesion efficacy.
Methods
Point-by-point radiofrequency pulmonary vein isolation was performed in power-controlled mode with 50 W energy setup. The efficacy of applications was determined by pacing along the circular ablation line. The successful lesions were estimated if loss of capture was achieved. Local impedance, contact force and catheter position data of the applications with 5 msec resolution was analysed. The local impedance of successful and unsuccessful applications was compared at baseline and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 sec time points, respectively. We characterized the local impedance for each time point with the mean of the 5 impedance value closest in time. The sum of the range of catheter position in x, y and z dimensions was also compared to assess stability during the application.
Results
643 applications were analysed, 559 were successful and 84 were unsuccessful. Mean contact force was lower (p=0.04), while the sum of catheter position range was higher (p<0.001) in unsuccessful applications during ablation, suggesting worse catheter stability. The successful applications were characterized by a higher baseline local impedance (p<0.001), and a larger local impedance drop at the 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 sec time points (p<0.001, for all). In case of unsuccessful applications, after a moderate but significant drop from baseline to the 2 sec time point (baseline: 153 Ohm vs 2 sec: 145 Ohm, p<0.001) local impedance did not change further over time (2 sec: 145 Ohm vs 12 sec: 143 Ohm; p=0.99). While on the other hand, in case of successful applications, the local impedance further decreased significantly up to the 10 sec timepoint, respectively (baseline: 161 Ohm vs 2 sec: 150 Ohm vs 10 sec: 141 Ohm, p<0.001 for all). The optimal cut-point for the local impedance drop indicating unsuccessful application was <9 Ohms at the 4 second time point [AUC=0.73 (0.67–0.76), p<0.001]. Failing to reach at least 9 Ohm impedance drop at the 4 second time point predicted unsuccessful applications [(p<0.001; OR: 3.82 (2.34–6.25)].
Conclusion
Rapid and enduring drop of the local impedance may predict effective lesion formation, while slightly changing or unchanged local impedance is associated with unsuccessful applications. In case of a moderate local impedance drop during the first 4 seconds of radiofrequency application, it might be reasonable to stop the application and start a new one after catheter repositioning.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Perge
- Semmelweis University, Heart and Vascular Center , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Z Sallo
- Semmelweis University, Heart and Vascular Center , Budapest , Hungary
| | - N Petrovic
- Semmelweis University, Heart and Vascular Center , Budapest , Hungary
| | - K Piros
- Semmelweis University, Heart and Vascular Center , Budapest , Hungary
| | - K V Nagy
- Semmelweis University, Heart and Vascular Center , Budapest , Hungary
| | - I Osztheimer
- Semmelweis University, Heart and Vascular Center , Budapest , Hungary
| | - B Merkely
- Semmelweis University, Heart and Vascular Center , Budapest , Hungary
| | - L Geller
- Semmelweis University, Heart and Vascular Center , Budapest , Hungary
| | - N Szegedi
- Semmelweis University, Heart and Vascular Center , Budapest , Hungary
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Proietti M, Romiti GF, Vitolo M, Harrison SL, Lane DA, Fauchier L, Marin F, Näbauer M, Potpara TS, Dan GA, Maggioni AP, Cesari M, Boriani G, Lip GYH, Ekmekçiu U, Paparisto V, Tase M, Gjergo H, Dragoti J, Goda A, Ciutea M, Ahadi N, el Husseini Z, Raepers M, Leroy J, Haushan P, Jourdan A, Lepiece C, Desteghe L, Vijgen J, Koopman P, Van Genechten G, Heidbuchel H, Boussy T, De Coninck M, Van Eeckhoutte H, Bouckaert N, Friart A, Boreux J, Arend C, Evrard P, Stefan L, Hoffer E, Herzet J, Massoz M, Celentano C, Sprynger M, Pierard L, Melon P, Van Hauwaert B, Kuppens C, Faes D, Van Lier D, Van Dorpe A, Gerardy A, Deceuninck O, Xhaet O, Dormal F, Ballant E, Blommaert D, Yakova D, Hristov M, Yncheva T, Stancheva N, Tisheva S, Tokmakova M, Nikolov F, Gencheva D, Shalganov T, Kunev B, Stoyanov M, Marchov D, Gelev V, Traykov V, Kisheva A, Tsvyatkov H, Shtereva R, Bakalska-Georgieva S, Slavcheva S, Yotov Y, Kubíčková M, Marni Joensen A, Gammelmark A, Hvilsted Rasmussen L, Dinesen P, Riahi S, Krogh Venø S, Sorensen B, Korsgaard A, Andersen K, Fragtrup Hellum C, Svenningsen A, Nyvad O, Wiggers P, May O, Aarup A, Graversen B, Jensen L, Andersen M, Svejgaard M, Vester S, Hansen S, Lynggaard V, Ciudad M, Vettus R, Muda P, Maestre A, Castaño S, Cheggour S, Poulard J, Mouquet V, Leparrée S, Bouet J, Taieb J, Doucy A, Duquenne H, Furber A, Dupuis J, Rautureau J, Font M, Damiano P, Lacrimini M, Abalea J, Boismal S, Menez T, Mansourati J, Range G, Gorka H, Laure C, Vassalière C, Elbaz N, Lellouche N, Djouadi K, Roubille F, Dietz D, Davy J, Granier M, Winum P, Leperchois-Jacquey C, Kassim H, Marijon E, Le Heuzey J, Fedida J, Maupain C, Himbert C, Gandjbakhch E, Hidden-Lucet F, Duthoit G, Badenco N, Chastre T, Waintraub X, Oudihat M, Lacoste J, Stephan C, Bader H, Delarche N, Giry L, Arnaud D, Lopez C, Boury F, Brunello I, Lefèvre M, Mingam R, Haissaguerre M, Le Bidan M, Pavin D, Le Moal V, Leclercq C, Piot O, Beitar T, Martel I, Schmid A, Sadki N, Romeyer-Bouchard C, Da Costa A, Arnault I, Boyer M, Piat C, Fauchier L, Lozance N, Nastevska S, Doneva A, Fortomaroska Milevska B, Sheshoski B, Petroska K, Taneska N, Bakrecheski N, Lazarovska K, Jovevska S, Ristovski V, Antovski A, Lazarova E, Kotlar I, Taleski J, Poposka L, Kedev S, Zlatanovik N, Jordanova S, Bajraktarova Proseva T, Doncovska S, Maisuradze D, Esakia A, Sagirashvili E, Lartsuliani K, Natelashvili N, Gumberidze N, Gvenetadze R, Etsadashvili K, Gotonelia N, Kuridze N, Papiashvili G, Menabde I, Glöggler S, Napp A, Lebherz C, Romero H, Schmitz K, Berger M, Zink M, Köster S, Sachse J, Vonderhagen E, Soiron G, Mischke K, Reith R, Schneider M, Rieker W, Boscher D, Taschareck A, Beer A, Oster D, Ritter O, Adamczewski J, Walter S, Frommhold A, Luckner E, Richter J, Schellner M, Landgraf S, Bartholome S, Naumann R, Schoeler J, Westermeier D, William F, Wilhelm K, Maerkl M, Oekinghaus R, Denart M, Kriete M, Tebbe U, Scheibner T, Gruber M, Gerlach A, Beckendorf C, Anneken L, Arnold M, Lengerer S, Bal Z, Uecker C, Förtsch H, Fechner S, Mages V, Martens E, Methe H, Schmidt T, Schaeffer B, Hoffmann B, Moser J, Heitmann K, Willems S, Willems S, Klaus C, Lange I, Durak M, Esen E, Mibach F, Mibach H, Utech A, Gabelmann M, Stumm R, Ländle V, Gartner C, Goerg C, Kaul N, Messer S, Burkhardt D, Sander C, Orthen R, Kaes S, Baumer A, Dodos F, Barth A, Schaeffer G, Gaertner J, Winkler J, Fahrig A, Aring J, Wenzel I, Steiner S, Kliesch A, Kratz E, Winter K, Schneider P, Haag A, Mutscher I, Bosch R, Taggeselle J, Meixner S, Schnabel A, Shamalla A, Hötz H, Korinth A, Rheinert C, Mehltretter G, Schön B, Schön N, Starflinger A, Englmann E, Baytok G, Laschinger T, Ritscher G, Gerth A, Dechering D, Eckardt L, Kuhlmann M, Proskynitopoulos N, Brunn J, Foth K, Axthelm C, Hohensee H, Eberhard K, Turbanisch S, Hassler N, Koestler A, Stenzel G, Kschiwan D, Schwefer M, Neiner S, Hettwer S, Haeussler-Schuchardt M, Degenhardt R, Sennhenn S, Steiner S, Brendel M, Stoehr A, Widjaja W, Loehndorf S, Logemann A, Hoskamp J, Grundt J, Block M, Ulrych R, Reithmeier A, Panagopoulos V, Martignani C, Bernucci D, Fantecchi E, Diemberger I, Ziacchi M, Biffi M, Cimaglia P, Frisoni J, Boriani G, Giannini I, Boni S, Fumagalli S, Pupo S, Di Chiara A, Mirone P, Fantecchi E, Boriani G, Pesce F, Zoccali C, Malavasi VL, Mussagaliyeva A, Ahyt B, Salihova Z, Koshum-Bayeva K, Kerimkulova A, Bairamukova A, Mirrakhimov E, Lurina B, Zuzans R, Jegere S, Mintale I, Kupics K, Jubele K, Erglis A, Kalejs O, Vanhear K, Burg M, Cachia M, Abela E, Warwicker S, Tabone T, Xuereb R, Asanovic D, Drakalovic D, Vukmirovic M, Pavlovic N, Music L, Bulatovic N, Boskovic A, Uiterwaal H, Bijsterveld N, De Groot J, Neefs J, van den Berg N, Piersma F, Wilde A, Hagens V, Van Es J, Van Opstal J, Van Rennes B, Verheij H, Breukers W, Tjeerdsma G, Nijmeijer R, Wegink D, Binnema R, Said S, Erküner Ö, Philippens S, van Doorn W, Crijns H, Szili-Torok T, Bhagwandien R, Janse P, Muskens A, van Eck M, Gevers R, van der Ven N, Duygun A, Rahel B, Meeder J, Vold A, Holst Hansen C, Engset I, Atar D, Dyduch-Fejklowicz B, Koba E, Cichocka M, Sokal A, Kubicius A, Pruchniewicz E, Kowalik-Sztylc A, Czapla W, Mróz I, Kozlowski M, Pawlowski T, Tendera M, Winiarska-Filipek A, Fidyk A, Slowikowski A, Haberka M, Lachor-Broda M, Biedron M, Gasior Z, Kołodziej M, Janion M, Gorczyca-Michta I, Wozakowska-Kaplon B, Stasiak M, Jakubowski P, Ciurus T, Drozdz J, Simiera M, Zajac P, Wcislo T, Zycinski P, Kasprzak J, Olejnik A, Harc-Dyl E, Miarka J, Pasieka M, Ziemińska-Łuć M, Bujak W, Śliwiński A, Grech A, Morka J, Petrykowska K, Prasał M, Hordyński G, Feusette P, Lipski P, Wester A, Streb W, Romanek J, Woźniak P, Chlebuś M, Szafarz P, Stanik W, Zakrzewski M, Kaźmierczak J, Przybylska A, Skorek E, Błaszczyk H, Stępień M, Szabowski S, Krysiak W, Szymańska M, Karasiński J, Blicharz J, Skura M, Hałas K, Michalczyk L, Orski Z, Krzyżanowski K, Skrobowski A, Zieliński L, Tomaszewska-Kiecana M, Dłużniewski M, Kiliszek M, Peller M, Budnik M, Balsam P, Opolski G, Tymińska A, Ozierański K, Wancerz A, Borowiec A, Majos E, Dabrowski R, Szwed H, Musialik-Lydka A, Leopold-Jadczyk A, Jedrzejczyk-Patej E, Koziel M, Lenarczyk R, Mazurek M, Kalarus Z, Krzemien-Wolska K, Starosta P, Nowalany-Kozielska E, Orzechowska A, Szpot M, Staszel M, Almeida S, Pereira H, Brandão Alves L, Miranda R, Ribeiro L, Costa F, Morgado F, Carmo P, Galvao Santos P, Bernardo R, Adragão P, Ferreira da Silva G, Peres M, Alves M, Leal M, Cordeiro A, Magalhães P, Fontes P, Leão S, Delgado A, Costa A, Marmelo B, Rodrigues B, Moreira D, Santos J, Santos L, Terchet A, Darabantiu D, Mercea S, Turcin Halka V, Pop Moldovan A, Gabor A, Doka B, Catanescu G, Rus H, Oboroceanu L, Bobescu E, Popescu R, Dan A, Buzea A, Daha I, Dan G, Neuhoff I, Baluta M, Ploesteanu R, Dumitrache N, Vintila M, Daraban A, Japie C, Badila E, Tewelde H, Hostiuc M, Frunza S, Tintea E, Bartos D, Ciobanu A, Popescu I, Toma N, Gherghinescu C, Cretu D, Patrascu N, Stoicescu C, Udroiu C, Bicescu G, Vintila V, Vinereanu D, Cinteza M, Rimbas R, Grecu M, Cozma A, Boros F, Ille M, Tica O, Tor R, Corina A, Jeewooth A, Maria B, Georgiana C, Natalia C, Alin D, Dinu-Andrei D, Livia M, Daniela R, Larisa R, Umaar S, Tamara T, Ioachim Popescu M, Nistor D, Sus I, Coborosanu O, Alina-Ramona N, Dan R, Petrescu L, Ionescu G, Popescu I, Vacarescu C, Goanta E, Mangea M, Ionac A, Mornos C, Cozma D, Pescariu S, Solodovnicova E, Soldatova I, Shutova J, Tjuleneva L, Zubova T, Uskov V, Obukhov D, Rusanova G, Soldatova I, Isakova N, Odinsova S, Arhipova T, Kazakevich E, Serdechnaya E, Zavyalova O, Novikova T, Riabaia I, Zhigalov S, Drozdova E, Luchkina I, Monogarova Y, Hegya D, Rodionova L, Rodionova L, Nevzorova V, Soldatova I, Lusanova O, Arandjelovic A, Toncev D, Milanov M, Sekularac N, Zdravkovic M, Hinic S, Dimkovic S, Acimovic T, Saric J, Polovina M, Potpara T, Vujisic-Tesic B, Nedeljkovic M, Zlatar M, Asanin M, Vasic V, Popovic Z, Djikic D, Sipic M, Peric V, Dejanovic B, Milosevic N, Stevanovic A, Andric A, Pencic B, Pavlovic-Kleut M, Celic V, Pavlovic M, Petrovic M, Vuleta M, Petrovic N, Simovic S, Savovic Z, Milanov S, Davidovic G, Iric-Cupic V, Simonovic D, Stojanovic M, Stojanovic S, Mitic V, Ilic V, Petrovic D, Deljanin Ilic M, Ilic S, Stoickov V, Markovic S, Kovacevic S, García Fernandez A, Perez Cabeza A, Anguita M, Tercedor Sanchez L, Mau E, Loayssa J, Ayarra M, Carpintero M, Roldán Rabadan I, Leal M, Gil Ortega M, Tello Montoliu A, Orenes Piñero E, Manzano Fernández S, Marín F, Romero Aniorte A, Veliz Martínez A, Quintana Giner M, Ballesteros G, Palacio M, Alcalde O, García-Bolao I, Bertomeu Gonzalez V, Otero-Raviña F, García Seara J, Gonzalez Juanatey J, Dayal N, Maziarski P, Gentil-Baron P, Shah D, Koç M, Onrat E, Dural IE, Yilmaz K, Özin B, Tan Kurklu S, Atmaca Y, Canpolat U, Tokgozoglu L, Dolu AK, Demirtas B, Sahin D, Ozcan Celebi O, Diker E, Gagirci G, Turk UO, Ari H, Polat N, Toprak N, Sucu M, Akin Serdar O, Taha Alper A, Kepez A, Yuksel Y, Uzunselvi A, Yuksel S, Sahin M, Kayapinar O, Ozcan T, Kaya H, Yilmaz MB, Kutlu M, Demir M, Gibbs C, Kaminskiene S, Bryce M, Skinner A, Belcher G, Hunt J, Stancombe L, Holbrook B, Peters C, Tettersell S, Shantsila A, Lane D, Senoo K, Proietti M, Russell K, Domingos P, Hussain S, Partridge J, Haynes R, Bahadur S, Brown R, McMahon S, Y H Lip G, McDonald J, Balachandran K, Singh R, Garg S, Desai H, Davies K, Goddard W, Galasko G, Rahman I, Chua Y, Payne O, Preston S, Brennan O, Pedley L, Whiteside C, Dickinson C, Brown J, Jones K, Benham L, Brady R, Buchanan L, Ashton A, Crowther H, Fairlamb H, Thornthwaite S, Relph C, McSkeane A, Poultney U, Kelsall N, Rice P, Wilson T, Wrigley M, Kaba R, Patel T, Young E, Law J, Runnett C, Thomas H, McKie H, Fuller J, Pick S, Sharp A, Hunt A, Thorpe K, Hardman C, Cusack E, Adams L, Hough M, Keenan S, Bowring A, Watts J, Zaman J, Goffin K, Nutt H, Beerachee Y, Featherstone J, Mills C, Pearson J, Stephenson L, Grant S, Wilson A, Hawksworth C, Alam I, Robinson M, Ryan S, Egdell R, Gibson E, Holland M, Leonard D, Mishra B, Ahmad S, Randall H, Hill J, Reid L, George M, McKinley S, Brockway L, Milligan W, Sobolewska J, Muir J, Tuckis L, Winstanley L, Jacob P, Kaye S, Morby L, Jan A, Sewell T, Boos C, Wadams B, Cope C, Jefferey P, Andrews N, Getty A, Suttling A, Turner C, Hudson K, Austin R, Howe S, Iqbal R, Gandhi N, Brophy K, Mirza P, Willard E, Collins S, Ndlovu N, Subkovas E, Karthikeyan V, Waggett L, Wood A, Bolger A, Stockport J, Evans L, Harman E, Starling J, Williams L, Saul V, Sinha M, Bell L, Tudgay S, Kemp S, Brown J, Frost L, Ingram T, Loughlin A, Adams C, Adams M, Hurford F, Owen C, Miller C, Donaldson D, Tivenan H, Button H, Nasser A, Jhagra O, Stidolph B, Brown C, Livingstone C, Duffy M, Madgwick P, Roberts P, Greenwood E, Fletcher L, Beveridge M, Earles S, McKenzie D, Beacock D, Dayer M, Seddon M, Greenwell D, Luxton F, Venn F, Mills H, Rewbury J, James K, Roberts K, Tonks L, Felmeden D, Taggu W, Summerhayes A, Hughes D, Sutton J, Felmeden L, Khan M, Walker E, Norris L, O’Donohoe L, Mozid A, Dymond H, Lloyd-Jones H, Saunders G, Simmons D, Coles D, Cotterill D, Beech S, Kidd S, Wrigley B, Petkar S, Smallwood A, Jones R, Radford E, Milgate S, Metherell S, Cottam V, Buckley C, Broadley A, Wood D, Allison J, Rennie K, Balian L, Howard L, Pippard L, Board S, Pitt-Kerby T. Epidemiology and impact of frailty in patients with atrial fibrillation in Europe. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6670566. [PMID: 35997262 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty is a medical syndrome characterised by reduced physiological reserve and increased vulnerability to stressors. Data regarding the relationship between frailty and atrial fibrillation (AF) are still inconsistent. OBJECTIVES We aim to perform a comprehensive evaluation of frailty in a large European cohort of AF patients. METHODS A 40-item frailty index (FI) was built according to the accumulation of deficits model in the AF patients enrolled in the ESC-EHRA EORP-AF General Long-Term Registry. Association of baseline characteristics, clinical management, quality of life, healthcare resources use and risk of outcomes with frailty was examined. RESULTS Among 10,177 patients [mean age (standard deviation) 69.0 (11.4) years, 4,103 (40.3%) females], 6,066 (59.6%) were pre-frail and 2,172 (21.3%) were frail, whereas only 1,939 (19.1%) were considered robust. Baseline thromboembolic and bleeding risks were independently associated with increasing FI. Frail patients with AF were less likely to be treated with oral anticoagulants (OACs) (odds ratio 0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.55-0.89), especially with non-vitamin K antagonist OACs and managed with a rhythm control strategy, compared with robust patients. Increasing frailty was associated with a higher risk for all outcomes examined, with a non-linear exponential relationship. The use of OAC was associated with a lower risk of outcomes, except in patients with very/extremely high frailty. CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort of AF patients, there was a high burden of frailty, influencing clinical management and risk of adverse outcomes. The clinical benefit of OAC is maintained in patients with high frailty, but not in very high/extremely frail ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Proietti
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Francesco Romiti
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza - University of Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Vitolo
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.,Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy.,Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stephanie L Harrison
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Deirdre A Lane
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Laurent Fauchier
- Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Trousseau, Tours, France
| | - Francisco Marin
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, CIBER-CV, Murcia, Spain
| | - Michael Näbauer
- Department of Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Tatjana S Potpara
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gheorghe-Andrei Dan
- University of Medicine, 'Carol Davila', Colentina University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aldo P Maggioni
- ANMCO Research Center, Heart Care Foundation, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Boriani
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Otton R, Petrovic N, Cannon B, Nedergaard J. On the Validity of Adipogenic Cell Lines as Model Systems for Browning Processes: In Authentic Brown, Brite/Beige, and White Preadipocytes, There is No Cell-Autonomous Thermogenic Recruitment by Green Tea Compounds. Front Nutr 2021; 8:715859. [PMID: 34485365 PMCID: PMC8415881 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.715859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential ability of nutritional compounds to induce or enhance the browning of adipocytes has attracted large interest as a workable means of combatting the obesity epidemic. Green tea compounds are discussed as such inducers of an enhanced thermogenic capacity and activity. However, the cell-autonomous effects of green tea compounds on adipocytes have until now only been demonstrated in adipogenic cell lines (3T3-L1 and 3T3-F442A), i.e., cells of undefined tissue lineage. In this study, we examine the ability of green tea compounds to cell-autonomously induce thermogenic recruitment in authentic brown and brite/beige adipocytes in vitro. In primary brown adipocytes, the green tea compounds suppressed basal UCP1 gene expression, and there was no positive interaction between the compounds and adrenergic stimulation. In white adipocytes, green tea compounds decreased both basal and norepinephrine-induced UCP1 mRNA levels, and this was associated with the suppression of cell differentiation, indicated by reduced lipogenic gene expression and lipid accumulation. A lack of interaction between rosiglitazone and green tea compounds suggests that the green tea compounds do not directly interact with the PPARγ pathway. We conclude that there is a negative effect of the green tea compounds on basal UCP1 gene expression, in both brown and white primary adipocytes, in contrast to the positive effects earlier reported from studies in adipogenic cell lines. We posit that the epigenetic status of the adipogenic cell lines is fundamentally different from that of genuine brown and white adipocytes, reflected, e.g., in several-thousand-fold differences in UCP1 gene expression levels. Thus, results obtained with adipogenic cell lines cannot unreservedly be extrapolated as being relevant for authentic effects in brown and white adipocytes. We suggest that this conclusion can be of general concern for studies attempting to establish physiologically relevant cell-autonomous effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemari Otton
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Programme in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Cannon B, de Jong JMA, Fischer AW, Nedergaard J, Petrovic N. Human brown adipose tissue: Classical brown rather than brite/beige? Exp Physiol 2020; 105:1191-1200. [PMID: 32378255 DOI: 10.1113/ep087875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the topic of this review? It has been suggested that human brown adipose tissue (BAT) is more similar to the brite/beige adipose tissue of mice than to classical BAT of mice. The basis of this is discussed in relationship to the physiological conditions of standard experimental mice. What advances does it highlight? We highlight that, provided mouse adipose tissues are examined under physiological conditions closer to those prevalent for most humans, the gene expression profile of mouse classical BAT is more similar to that of human BAT than is the profile of mouse brite/beige adipose tissue. Human BAT is therefore not different in nature from classical mouse BAT. ABSTRACT Since the presence of brown adipose tissue (BAT) was established in adult humans some 13 years ago, its physiological significance and molecular characteristics have been discussed. In particular, it has been proposed that the mouse adipose tissue depot most closely resembling and molecularly parallel to human BAT is not classical mouse BAT. Instead, so-called brite or beige adipose tissue, which is characteristically observed in the inguinal 'white' adipose tissue depot of mice, has been proposed to be the closest mouse equivalent of human BAT. We summarize here the published evidence examining this question. We emphasize the differences in tissue appearance and tissue transcriptomes from 'standard' mice [young, chow fed and, in effect semi-cold exposed (20°C)] versus 'physiologically humanized' mice [middle-aged, high-fat diet-fed mice living at thermoneutrality (30°C)]. We find that in the physiologically humanized mice, classical BAT displays molecular and cellular characteristics that are more akin to human BAT than are those of brite/beige adipose tissues from either standard or physiologically humanized mice. We suggest, therefore, that mouse BAT is the more relevant tissue for translational studies. This is an invited summary of a presentation given at Physiology 2019 (Aberdeen).
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jasper M A de Jong
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander W Fischer
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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de Jong JMA, Cannon B, Nedergaard J, Wolfrum C, Petrovic N. Reply to 'Confounding issues in the 'humanized' brown fat of mice'. Nat Metab 2020; 2:305-306. [PMID: 32694605 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-0193-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasper M A de Jong
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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11
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Fischer AW, de Jong JMA, Sass F, Schlein C, Heeren J, Petrovic N. Thermoneutrality-Induced Macrophage Accumulation in Brown Adipose Tissue Does Not Impair the Tissue's Competence for Cold-Induced Thermogenic Recruitment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:568682. [PMID: 33193086 PMCID: PMC7662517 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.568682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue from mice living under conditions approaching human thermal and nutritional conditions (prolonged exposure to thermoneutral temperature and to an energy-rich (high-fat, high-sugar) diet) - referred to as "physiologically humanized" mice, displays morphological and molecular characteristics significantly different from those observed in young, chow-fed mice maintained at room temperature - referred to as "standard" mice. Here, we further examined brown fat from physiologically humanized and standard mice, as well as from mice exposed to thermoneutrality for a long time but not to an energy-rich diet - referred to here as "long-term thermoneutral" mice. Global transcriptome analysis of brown fat revealed that genes that were the most upregulated in brown fat of thermoneutral mice (both physiologically humanized and long-term thermoneutral) were those related to inflammatory processes, including genes expressed selectively in macrophages. Cellular and molecular analyses confirmed that brown fat from thermoneutral mice was heavily infiltrated by macrophages, predominantly organized into crown-like structures. However, despite this, the brown fat of thermoneutral mice retained full competence to attain the greatest possible recruitment state and became macrophage-depleted during the process of cold acclimation. Thus, profound macrophage accumulation does not influence the thermogenic recruitment competence of brown fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander W. Fischer
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jasper M. A. de Jong
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frederike Sass
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schlein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Natasa Petrovic,
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12
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de Jong JMA, Sun W, Pires ND, Frontini A, Balaz M, Jespersen NZ, Feizi A, Petrovic K, Fischer AW, Bokhari MH, Niemi T, Nuutila P, Cinti S, Nielsen S, Scheele C, Virtanen K, Cannon B, Nedergaard J, Wolfrum C, Petrovic N. Author Correction: Human brown adipose tissue is phenocopied by classical brown adipose tissue in physiologically humanized mice. Nat Metab 2019; 1:927. [PMID: 32747808 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-019-0119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper M A de Jong
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Nuno D Pires
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Frontini
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Naja Z Jespersen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amir Feizi
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Katarina Petrovic
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander W Fischer
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Muhammad Hamza Bokhari
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tarja Niemi
- Department of Surgery, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Saverio Cinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Søren Nielsen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Scheele
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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13
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de Jong JMA, Sun W, Pires ND, Frontini A, Balaz M, Jespersen NZ, Feizi A, Petrovic K, Fischer AW, Bokhari MH, Niemi T, Nuutila P, Cinti S, Nielsen S, Scheele C, Virtanen K, Cannon B, Nedergaard J, Wolfrum C, Petrovic N. Human brown adipose tissue is phenocopied by classical brown adipose tissue in physiologically humanized mice. Nat Metab 2019; 1:830-843. [PMID: 32694768 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-019-0101-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Human and rodent brown adipose tissues (BAT) appear morphologically and molecularly different. Here we compare human BAT with both classical brown and brite/beige adipose tissues of 'physiologically humanized' mice: middle-aged mice living under conditions approaching human thermal and nutritional conditions, that is, prolonged exposure to thermoneutral temperature (approximately 30 °C) and to an energy-rich (high-fat, high-sugar) diet. We find that the morphological, cellular and molecular characteristics (both marker and adipose-selective gene expression) of classical brown fat, but not of brite/beige fat, of these physiologically humanized mice are notably similar to human BAT. We also demonstrate, both in silico and experimentally, that in physiologically humanized mice only classical BAT possesses a high thermogenic potential. These observations suggest that classical rodent BAT is the tissue of choice for translational studies aimed at recruiting human BAT to counteract the development of obesity and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper M A de Jong
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Nuno D Pires
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Frontini
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Naja Z Jespersen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amir Feizi
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Katarina Petrovic
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander W Fischer
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Muhammad Hamza Bokhari
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tarja Niemi
- Department of Surgery, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Saverio Cinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Søren Nielsen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Scheele
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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14
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Jespersen NZ, Feizi A, Andersen ES, Heywood S, Hattel HB, Daugaard S, Peijs L, Bagi P, Feldt-Rasmussen B, Schultz HS, Hansen NS, Krogh-Madsen R, Pedersen BK, Petrovic N, Nielsen S, Scheele C. Heterogeneity in the perirenal region of humans suggests presence of dormant brown adipose tissue that contains brown fat precursor cells. Mol Metab 2019; 24:30-43. [PMID: 31079959 PMCID: PMC6531810 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Increasing the amounts of functionally competent brown adipose tissue (BAT) in adult humans has the potential to restore dysfunctional metabolism and counteract obesity. In this study, we aimed to characterize the human perirenal fat depot, and we hypothesized that there would be regional, within-depot differences in the adipose signature depending on local sympathetic activity. Methods We characterized fat specimens from four different perirenal regions of adult kidney donors, through a combination of qPCR mapping, immunohistochemical staining, RNA-sequencing, and pre-adipocyte isolation. Candidate gene signatures, separated by adipocyte morphology, were recapitulated in a murine model of unilocular brown fat induced by thermoneutrality and high fat diet. Results We identified widespread amounts of dormant brown adipose tissue throughout the perirenal depot, which was contrasted by multilocular BAT, primarily found near the adrenal gland. Dormant BAT was characterized by a unilocular morphology and a distinct gene expression profile, which partly overlapped with that of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT). Brown fat precursor cells, which differentiated into functional brown adipocytes were present in the entire perirenal fat depot, regardless of state. We identified SPARC as a candidate adipokine contributing to a dormant BAT state, and CLSTN3 as a novel marker for multilocular BAT. Conclusions We propose that perirenal adipose tissue in adult humans consists mainly of dormant BAT and provide a data set for future research on factors which can reactivate dormant BAT into active BAT, a potential strategy for combatting obesity and metabolic disease. Dormant brown adipose tissue (BAT) dominates the perirenal adipose depot of adult humans. Multilocular BAT accumulates adjacent to local sympathetic sources. Dormant BAT displays a transcriptomic signature distinct from multilocular BAT and white adipose tissue. Brown fat precursor cells are present in human dormant perirenal BAT. SPARC is associated with a dormant BAT phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naja Z Jespersen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Danish PhD School of Molecular Metabolism, Odense, Denmark
| | - Amir Feizi
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Oxford, Denmark
| | - Eline S Andersen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Sarah Heywood
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Helle B Hattel
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | | | - Lone Peijs
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Bagi
- Department of Urology, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | | | | | - Ninna S Hansen
- Danish PhD School of Molecular Metabolism, Odense, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Rikke Krogh-Madsen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Bente K Pedersen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Søren Nielsen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Camilla Scheele
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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15
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Panic A, Stanimirovic J, Obradovic M, Zafirovic S, Sudar-Milovanovic E, Petrovic N, Isenovic ER. 17β-estradiol inhibits hepatic iNOS via the activation of the estrogen receptor ER-α and inhibition of erk1/2-mir-221 axis. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:1369-1377. [PMID: 30574741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
17β-Estradiol (E2) is known to negatively regulate inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) expression via estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) activation in aortic vascular smooth muscle cells.Therefore, we sought to determine whether E2 can inhibit iNOS in vivo in hepatic tissue via the activation of ER-α and whether extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2)-miR-221 axis is involved in this process. Male Wistar rats were treated with a bolus injection of E2 intraperitoneally (40 μg/kg), and 24 hours after treatment the animals were sacrificed and the livers excised. The protein levels of iNOS, p50 and p65 subunits of nuclear factor κB (NFκB), ERα, ERK1/2 and protein kinase B (Akt), as well as the association of ERα/Src in liver lysates were assessed by Western blot. The expression of hepatic miR-221 was analyzed by qRT-PCR. Results show that E2 reduced hepatic iNOS protein expression (p less than 0.01), the protein level of ERα (p less than 0.05), ERK1/2 (p less than 0.05), Akt phosphorylation (p less than 0.001) and miR-221 expression (p less than 0.05). In contrast, hepatic ERα/Src kinase association level (p less than 0.05) increased after E2 treatment. Our results indicate that E2 inhibits hepatic iNOS via molecular mechanisms involving the activation of the ER-α and inhibition of ERK1/2-miR-221 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Panic
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Laboratory of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - J Stanimirovic
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Laboratory of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Obradovic
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Laboratory of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - S Zafirovic
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Laboratory of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - E Sudar-Milovanovic
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Laboratory of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - N Petrovic
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Laboratory of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - E R Isenovic
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Laboratory of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
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16
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de Jong JMA, Wouters RTF, Boulet N, Cannon B, Nedergaard J, Petrovic N. The β 3-adrenergic receptor is dispensable for browning of adipose tissues. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 312:E508-E518. [PMID: 28223294 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00437.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Brown and brite/beige adipocytes are attractive therapeutic targets to treat metabolic diseases. To maximally utilize their functional potential, further understanding is required about their identities and their functional differences. Recent studies with β3-adrenergic receptor knockout mice reported that brite/beige adipocytes, but not classical brown adipocytes, require the β3-adrenergic receptor for cold-induced transcriptional activation of thermogenic genes. We aimed to further characterize this requirement of the β3-adrenergic receptor as a functional distinction between classical brown and brite/beige adipocytes. However, when comparing wild-type and β3-adrenergic receptor knockout mice, we observed no differences in cold-induced thermogenic gene expression (Ucp1, Pgc1a, Dio2, and Cidea) in brown or white (brite/beige) adipose tissues. Irrespective of the duration of the cold exposure or the sex of the mice, we observed no effect of the absence of the β3-adrenergic receptor. Experiments with the β3-adrenergic receptor agonist CL-316,243 verified the functional absence of β3-adrenergic signaling in these knockout mice. The β3-adrenergic receptor knockout model in the present study was maintained on a FVB/N background, whereas earlier reports used C57BL/6 and 129Sv mice. Thus our data imply background-dependent differences in adrenergic signaling mechanisms in response to cold exposure. Nonetheless, the present data indicate that the β3-adrenergic receptor is dispensable for cold-induced transcriptional activation in both classical brown and, as opposed to earlier studies, brite/beige cells.
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MESH Headings
- Adipogenesis/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue, Beige/cytology
- Adipose Tissue, Beige/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue, Beige/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/cytology
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism
- Adrenergic beta-3 Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Animals
- Cold-Shock Response/drug effects
- Dioxoles/pharmacology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/cytology
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/drug effects
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1/metabolism
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3/chemistry
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3/metabolism
- Reproducibility of Results
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Species Specificity
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper M A de Jong
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - René T F Wouters
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nathalie Boulet
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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18
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Fischer AW, Shabalina IG, Mattsson CL, Abreu-Vieira G, Cannon B, Nedergaard J, Petrovic N. UCP1 inhibition in Cidea-overexpressing mice is physiologically counteracted by brown adipose tissue hyperrecruitment. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 312:E72-E87. [PMID: 27923808 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00284.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cidea is a gene highly expressed in thermogenesis-competent (UCP1-containing) adipose cells, both brown and brite/beige. Here, we initially demonstrate a remarkable adipose-depot specific regulation of Cidea expression. In classical brown fat, Cidea mRNA is expressed continuously and invariably, irrespective of tissue recruitment. However, Cidea protein levels are regulated posttranscriptionally, being conspicuously induced in the thermogenically recruited state. In contrast, in brite fat, Cidea protein levels are regulated at the transcriptional level, and Cidea mRNA and protein levels are proportional to tissue "briteness." Although routinely followed as a thermogenic molecular marker, Cidea function is not clarified. Here, we employed a gain-of-function approach to examine a possible role of Cidea in the regulation of thermogenesis. We utilized transgenic aP2-hCidea mice that overexpress human Cidea in all adipose tissues. We demonstrate that UCP1 activity is markedly suppressed in brown-fat mitochondria isolated from aP2-hCidea mice. However, mitochondrial UCP1 protein levels were identical in wild-type and transgenic mice. This implies a regulatory effect of Cidea on UCP1 activity, but as we demonstrate that Cidea itself is not localized to mitochondria, we propose an indirect inhibitory effect. The Cidea-induced inhibition of UCP1 activity (observed in isolated mitochondria) is physiologically relevant since the mice, through an appropriate homeostatic compensatory mechanism, increased the total amount of UCP1 in the tissue to exactly match the diminished thermogenic capacity of the UCP1 protein and retain unaltered nonshivering thermogenic capacity. Thus, we verified Cidea as being a marker of thermogenesis-competent adipose tissues, but we conclude that Cidea, unexpectedly, functions molecularly as an indirect inhibitor of thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander W Fischer
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; and
| | - Irina G Shabalina
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte L Mattsson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustavo Abreu-Vieira
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden;
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19
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Markovic I, Goran M, Santrac N, Buta M, Stojiljkovic D, Djurisic I, Zegarac M, Nikolic S, Jevric M, Panaseykin Y, Petrovic N, Pupic G, Dzodic R. 68. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in papillary thyroid carcinoma in decision for selective modified lateral neck dissection. Eur J Surg Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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20
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Rohm M, Schäfer M, Laurent V, Üstünel BE, Niopek K, Algire C, Hautzinger O, Sijmonsma TP, Zota A, Medrikova D, Pellegata NS, Ryden M, Kulyte A, Dahlman I, Arner P, Petrovic N, Cannon B, Amri EZ, Kemp BE, Steinberg GR, Janovska P, Kopecky J, Wolfrum C, Blüher M, Berriel Diaz M, Herzig S. An AMP-activated protein kinase-stabilizing peptide ameliorates adipose tissue wasting in cancer cachexia in mice. Nat Med 2016; 22:1120-1130. [PMID: 27571348 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cachexia represents a fatal energy-wasting syndrome in a large number of patients with cancer that mostly results in a pathological loss of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Here we show that tumor cell exposure and tumor growth in mice triggered a futile energy-wasting cycle in cultured white adipocytes and white adipose tissue (WAT), respectively. Although uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1)-dependent thermogenesis was dispensable for tumor-induced body wasting, WAT from cachectic mice and tumor-cell-supernatant-treated adipocytes were consistently characterized by the simultaneous induction of both lipolytic and lipogenic pathways. Paradoxically, this was accompanied by an inactivated AMP-activated protein kinase (Ampk), which is normally activated in peripheral tissues during states of low cellular energy. Ampk inactivation correlated with its degradation and with upregulation of the Ampk-interacting protein Cidea. Therefore, we developed an Ampk-stabilizing peptide, ACIP, which was able to ameliorate WAT wasting in vitro and in vivo by shielding the Cidea-targeted interaction surface on Ampk. Thus, our data establish the Ucp1-independent remodeling of adipocyte lipid homeostasis as a key event in tumor-induced WAT wasting, and we propose the ACIP-dependent preservation of Ampk integrity in the WAT as a concept in future therapies for cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rohm
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schäfer
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Victor Laurent
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bilgen Ekim Üstünel
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Niopek
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Carolyn Algire
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oksana Hautzinger
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tjeerd P Sijmonsma
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika Zota
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dasa Medrikova
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Natalia S Pellegata
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mikael Ryden
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agné Kulyte
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Dahlman
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Arner
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ez-Zoubir Amri
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nice, France
| | - Bruce E Kemp
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health, Research Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gregory R Steinberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Petra Janovska
- Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecky
- Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mauricio Berriel Diaz
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
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21
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Kalinovich AV, Mattsson CL, Youssef MR, Petrovic N, Ost M, Skulachev VP, Shabalina IG. Mitochondria-targeted dodecyltriphenylphosphonium (C 12TPP) combats high-fat-diet-induced obesity in mice. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 40:1864-1874. [PMID: 27534841 PMCID: PMC5144127 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: A membrane-penetrating cation, dodecyltriphenylphosphonium (C12TPP), facilitates the recycling of fatty acids in the artificial lipid membrane and mitochondria. C12TPP can dissipate mitochondrial membrane potential and may affect total energy expenditure and body weight in animals and humans. Methods: We investigated the metabolic effects of C12TPP in isolated brown-fat mitochondria, brown adipocyte cultures and mice in vivo. Experimental approaches included the measurement of oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, western blotting, magnetic resonance imaging and bomb calorimetry. Results: In mice, C12TPP (50 μmol per (day•kg body weight)) in the drinking water significantly reduced body weight (12%, P<0.001) and body fat mass (24%, P<0.001) during the first 7 days of treatment. C12TPP did not affect water palatability and intake or the energy and lipid content in feces. The addition of C12TPP to isolated brown-fat mitochondria resulted in increased oxygen consumption. Three hours of pretreatment with C12TPP also increased oligomycin-insensitive oxygen consumption in brown adipocyte cultures (P<0.01). The effects of C12TPP on mitochondria, cells and mice were independent of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). However, C12TPP treatment increased the mitochondrial protein levels in the brown adipose tissue of both wild-type and UCP1-knockout mice. Pair-feeding revealed that one-third of the body weight loss in C12TPP-treated mice was due to reduced food intake. C12TPP treatment elevated the resting metabolic rate (RMR) by up to 18% (P<0.05) compared with pair-fed animals. C12TPP reduced the respiratory exchange ratio, indicating enhanced fatty acid oxidation in mice. Conclusions: C12TPP combats diet-induced obesity by reducing food intake, increasing the RMR and enhancing fatty acid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Kalinovich
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,The Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - C L Mattsson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M R Youssef
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - N Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Ost
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - V P Skulachev
- The Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - I G Shabalina
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,The Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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22
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Abreu-Vieira G, Fischer AW, Mattsson C, de Jong JMA, Shabalina IG, Rydén M, Laurencikiene J, Arner P, Cannon B, Nedergaard J, Petrovic N. Corrigendum: Cidea improves the metabolic profile through expansion of adipose tissue. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12395. [PMID: 27488677 PMCID: PMC4976206 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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23
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Fischer AW, Hoefig CS, Abreu-Vieira G, de Jong JMA, Petrovic N, Mittag J, Cannon B, Nedergaard J. Leptin Raises Defended Body Temperature without Activating Thermogenesis. Cell Rep 2016; 14:1621-1631. [PMID: 26876182 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin has been believed to exert its weight-reducing action not only by inducing hypophagia but also by increasing energy expenditure/thermogenesis. Leptin-deficient ob/ob mice have correspondingly been thought to be thermogenically limited and to show hypothermia, mainly due to atrophied brown adipose tissue (BAT). In contrast to these established views, we found that BAT is fully functional and that leptin treatment did not increase thermogenesis in wild-type or in ob/ob mice. Rather, ob/ob mice showed a decreased but defended body temperature (i.e., were anapyrexic, not hypothermic) that was normalized to wild-type levels after leptin treatment. This was not accompanied by increased energy expenditure or BAT recruitment but, instead, was mediated by decreased tail heat loss. The weight-reducing hypophagic effects of leptin are, therefore, not augmented through a thermogenic effect of leptin; leptin is, however, pyrexic, i.e., it alters centrally regulated thresholds of thermoregulatory mechanisms, in parallel to effects of other cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander W Fischer
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin S Hoefig
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustavo Abreu-Vieira
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jasper M A de Jong
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jens Mittag
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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24
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Pavlov-Dolijanovic S, Petrovic N, Vujasinovic Stupar N, Damjanov N, Radunovic G, Radnic-Zivanovic T, Simic-Pasalic K, Zugic V, Babic D, Sobic-Saranovic D, Artiko V. SAT0630 Sensitivity and Specificity 99mTc-Pertechnetate Hand Perfusion Scintigraphy in Patients with Raynaud's Phenomenon. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.3145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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25
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Shabalina IG, Kramarova TV, Mattsson CL, Petrovic N, Rahman Qazi M, Csikasz RI, Chang SC, Butenhoff J, DePierre JW, Cannon B, Nedergaard J. The Environmental Pollutants Perfluorooctane Sulfonate and Perfluorooctanoic Acid Upregulate Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) in Brown-Fat Mitochondria Through a UCP1-Dependent Reduction in Food Intake. Toxicol Sci 2015; 146:334-43. [PMID: 26001964 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The environmental pollutants perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) cause a dramatic reduction in the size of the major adipose tissue depots and a general body weight decrease when they are added to the food of mice. We demonstrate here that this is mainly due to a reduction in food intake; this reduction was not due to food aversion. Remarkably and unexpectedly, a large part of the effect of PFOA/PFOS on food intake was dependent on the presence of the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in the mice. Correspondingly, PFOA/PFOS treatment induced recruitment of brown adipose tissue mitochondria: increased oxidative capacity and increased UCP1-mediated oxygen consumption (thermogenesis). In mice pair-fed to the food intake during PFOA/PFOS treatment in wildtype mice, brown-fat mitochondrial recruitment was also induced. We conclude that we have uncovered the existence of a regulatory component of food intake that is dependent upon brown adipose tissue thermogenic activity. The possible environmental consequences of this novel PFOA/PFOS effect (a possible decreased fitness) are noted, as well as the perspectives of this finding on the general understanding of control of food intake control and its possible extension to combatting obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Natasa Petrovic
- *Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute
| | - Mousumi Rahman Qazi
- The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; and
| | | | | | - John Butenhoff
- Medical Department, 3 M Center, St. Paul, Minnesota 55144
| | - Joseph W DePierre
- The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; and
| | - Barbara Cannon
- *Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- *Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute;
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26
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Shabalina IG, Landreh L, Edgar D, Hou M, Gibanova N, Atanassova N, Petrovic N, Hultenby K, Söder O, Nedergaard J, Svechnikov K. Leydig cell steroidogenesis unexpectedly escapes mitochondrial dysfunction in prematurely aging mice. FASEB J 2015; 29:3274-86. [PMID: 25900807 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-271825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Point mutations and deletions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) accumulate in tissues during aging in animals and humans and are the basis for mitochondrial diseases. Testosterone synthesis occurs in the mitochondria of Leydig cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction (as induced here experimentally in mtDNA mutator mice that carry a proofreading-deficient form of mtDNA polymerase γ, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction in all cells types so far studied) would therefore be expected to lead to low testosterone levels. Although mtDNA mutator mice showed a dramatic reduction in testicle weight (only 15% remaining) and similar decreases in number of spermatozoa, testosterone levels in mtDNA mutator mice were unexpectedly fully unchanged. Leydig cell did not escape mitochondrial damage (only 20% of complex I and complex IV remaining) and did show high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (>5-fold increased), and permeabilized cells demonstrated absence of normal mitochondrial function. Nevertheless, within intact cells, mitochondrial membrane potential remained high, and testosterone production was maintained. This implies development of a compensatory mechanism. A rescuing mechanism involving electrons from the pentose phosphate pathway transferred via a 3-fold up-regulated cytochrome b5 to cytochrome c, allowing for mitochondrial energization, is suggested. Thus, the Leydig cells escape mitochondrial dysfunction via a unique rescue pathway. Such a pathway, bypassing respiratory chain dysfunction, may be of relevance with regard to mitochondrial disease therapy and to managing ageing in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina G Shabalina
- *Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; and Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Luise Landreh
- *Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; and Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Daniel Edgar
- *Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; and Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mi Hou
- *Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; and Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Natalia Gibanova
- *Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; and Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nina Atanassova
- *Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; and Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- *Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; and Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kjell Hultenby
- *Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; and Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Olle Söder
- *Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; and Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- *Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; and Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Konstantin Svechnikov
- *Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Astrid Lindgren's Children Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; and Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Sofia, Bulgaria
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27
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Sobic-Saranovic D, Petrusic I, Artiko V, Pavlovic S, Subotic D, Saranovic D, Nagorni-Obradovic L, Petrovic N, Todorovic-Tirnanic M, Odalovic S, Grozdic-Milojevic I, Stoiljkovic M, Obradovic V. Comparison of 18F-FDG PET/CT and MDCT for staging/restaging of non-small cell lung cancer. Neoplasma 2015; 62:295-301. [PMID: 25591595 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2015_035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) is most commonly used for staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In recent years, 18F- fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) has also been used for the same purpose. Since studies comparing these two methods are scarce, our aim was to determine how the TNM classification and thereby staging of NSCLC compare between 18F-FDG PET/CT and MDCT. 18F-FDG PET/CT and MDCT were collected in 83 patients with NSCLC 3 to 30 days apart (median 17 days). The investigators interpreting 18F-FDG PET/CT were unaware of MDCT results. The Cohen's kappa (κ) was calculated to determine the rate of agreement. The hypothesis was that the strength of agreement between the two methods will be at least moderate (κ>0.40) based on the adopted criteria (κ<0.20 poor; 0.21-0.40 fair; 0.41-0.60 moderate; 0.61-0.80 good; 0.81-1.00 very good agreement). The agreement was moderate for determining the T class (κ=0.45, overall agreement 58%), poor for the N class (κ=0.13, 42%) and fair for the M class (κ=0.22, 58%). The agreement for overall staging of NSCLC was poor (κ=0.20, 45%). The major source of disagreement was that metastases were present more frequently and/or in larger number on 18F-FDG PET/CT than MDCT in the contralateral mediastinal, supraclavicular, and distant lymph nodes, as well as in the bones and suprarenal glands. Since 18F-FDG PET/CT detected more regional and distant metastases than MDCT, we conclude that FDG PET/CT is useful for staging/restaging and planning treatment of patients with NSCLC. KEYWORDS Non-small cell lung cancer, positron emission tomography, multidetector computed tomography, metastases detection.
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28
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Wikstrom JD, Mahdaviani K, Liesa M, Sereda SB, Si Y, Las G, Twig G, Petrovic N, Zingaretti C, Graham A, Cinti S, Corkey BE, Cannon B, Nedergaard J, Shirihai OS. Hormone-induced mitochondrial fission is utilized by brown adipocytes as an amplification pathway for energy expenditure. EMBO J 2014; 33:418-36. [PMID: 24431221 PMCID: PMC3983686 DOI: 10.1002/embj.201385014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenergic stimulation of brown adipocytes (BA) induces mitochondrial uncoupling, thereby increasing energy expenditure by shifting nutrient oxidation towards thermogenesis. Here we describe that mitochondrial dynamics is a physiological regulator of adrenergically-induced changes in energy expenditure. The sympathetic neurotransmitter Norepinephrine (NE) induced complete and rapid mitochondrial fragmentation in BA, characterized by Drp1 phosphorylation and Opa1 cleavage. Mechanistically, NE-mediated Drp1 phosphorylation was dependent on Protein Kinase-A (PKA) activity, whereas Opa1 cleavage required mitochondrial depolarization mediated by FFAs released as a result of lipolysis. This change in mitochondrial architecture was observed both in primary cultures and brown adipose tissue from cold-exposed mice. Mitochondrial uncoupling induced by NE in brown adipocytes was reduced by inhibition of mitochondrial fission through transient Drp1 DN overexpression. Furthermore, forced mitochondrial fragmentation in BA through Mfn2 knock down increased the capacity of exogenous FFAs to increase energy expenditure. These results suggest that, in addition to its ability to stimulate lipolysis, NE induces energy expenditure in BA by promoting mitochondrial fragmentation. Together these data reveal that adrenergically-induced changes to mitochondrial dynamics are required for BA thermogenic activation and for the control of energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob D Wikstrom
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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29
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Shabalina IG, Petrovic N, de Jong JMA, Kalinovich AV, Cannon B, Nedergaard J. UCP1 in brite/beige adipose tissue mitochondria is functionally thermogenic. Cell Rep 2013; 5:1196-203. [PMID: 24290753 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 473] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of white fat "browning," in which certain white adipose tissue depots significantly increase gene expression for the uncoupling protein UCP1 and thus supposedly acquire thermogenic, fat-burning properties, has attracted considerable attention. Because the mRNA increases are from very low initial levels, the metabolic relevance of the change is unclear: is the UCP1 protein thermogenically competent in these brite/beige-fat mitochondria? We found that, in mitochondria isolated from the inguinal "white" adipose depot of cold-acclimated mice, UCP1 protein levels almost reached those in brown-fat mitochondria. The UCP1 was thermogenically functional, in that these mitochondria exhibited UCP1-dependent thermogenesis with lipid or carbohydrate substrates with canonical guanosine diphosphate (GDP) sensitivity and loss of thermogenesis in UCP1 knockout (KO) mice. Obesogenic mouse strains had a lower thermogenic potential than obesity-resistant strains. The thermogenic density (UCP1-dependent oxygen consumption per g tissue) of inguinal white adipose tissue was maximally one-fifth of interscapular brown adipose tissue, and the total quantitative contribution of all inguinal mitochondria was maximally one-third of all interscapular brown-fat mitochondria, indicating that the classical brown adipose tissue depots would still predominate in thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina G Shabalina
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jasper M A de Jong
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anastasia V Kalinovich
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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30
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Dixen K, Basse AL, Murholm M, Isidor MS, Hansen LHL, Petersen MCH, Madsen L, Petrovic N, Nedergaard J, Quistorff B, Hansen JB. ERRγ enhances UCP1 expression and fatty acid oxidation in brown adipocytes. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013; 21:516-24. [PMID: 23404793 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) are important regulators of energy metabolism. Here we investigated the hypothesis that ERRγ impacts on differentiation and function of brown adipocytes. DESIGN AND METHODS We characterize the expression of ERRγ in adipose tissues and cell models and investigate the effects of modulating ERRγ activity on UCP1 gene expression and metabolic features of brown and white adipocytes. RESULTS ERRγ was preferentially expressed in brown compared to white fat depots, and ERRγ was induced during cold-induced browning of subcutaneous white adipose tissue and brown adipogenesis. Overexpression of ERRγ positively regulated uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression levels during brown adipogenesis. This ERRγ-induced augmentation of UCP1 expression was independent of the presence of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 (PGC-1α) but was associated with increased rates of fatty acid oxidation in adrenergically stimulated cells. ERRγ did not influence mitochondrial biogenesis, and its reduced expression in white adipocytes could not explain their low expression level of UCP1. CONCLUSIONS Through its augmenting effect on expression of UCP1, ERRγ may physiologically be involved in increasing the potential for energy expenditure in brown adipocytes, a function that is becoming of therapeutic interest.
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MESH Headings
- Adipocytes, Brown/metabolism
- Adipocytes, White/metabolism
- Adipogenesis
- Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism
- Animals
- Cell Differentiation
- Cells, Cultured
- DNA Copy Number Variations
- DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics
- DNA, Mitochondrial/isolation & purification
- Energy Metabolism
- Female
- Ion Channels/genetics
- Ion Channels/metabolism
- L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/genetics
- L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism
- Lipid Metabolism
- Lipolysis/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics
- Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism
- Oxidation-Reduction
- Palmitoylcarnitine/metabolism
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Uncoupling Protein 1
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Dixen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Seke K, Petrovic N, Jeremic V, Vukmirovic J, Kilibarda B, Martic M. Sustainable development and public health: rating European countries. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:77. [PMID: 23356822 PMCID: PMC3575310 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sustainable development and public health quite strongly correlate, being connected and conditioned by one another. This paper therein attempts to offer a representation of Europe’s current situation of sustainable development in the area of public health. Methods A dataset on sustainable development in the area of public health consisting of 31 European countries (formally proposed by the European Union Commission and EUROSTAT) has been used in this paper in order to evaluate said issue for the countries listed thereof. A statistical method which synthesizes several indicators into one quantitative indicator has also been utilized. Furthermore, the applied method offers the possibility to obtain an optimal set of variables for future studies of the problem, as well as for the possible development of indicators. Results According to the results obtained, Norway and Iceland are the two foremost European countries regarding sustainable development in the area of public health, whereas Romania, Lithuania, and Latvia, some of the European Union’s newest Member States, rank lowest. The results also demonstrate that the most significant variables (more than 80%) in rating countries are found to be “healthy life years at birth, females” (r2 = 0.880), “healthy life years at birth, males” (r2 = 0.864), “death rate due to chronic diseases, males” (r2 = 0.850), and “healthy life years, 65, females” (r2 = 0.844). Conclusions Based on the results of this paper, public health represents a precondition for sustainable development, which should be continuously invested in and improved. After the assessment of the dataset, proposed by EUROSTAT in order to evaluate progress towards the agreed goals of the EU Sustainable Development Strategy (SDS), this paper offers an improved set of variables, which it is hoped, may initiate further studies concerning this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Seke
- Communication Centre, Institute of Public Health of Serbia Dr Milan Jovanovic Batut, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Artiko V, Sobic-Saranovic D, Pavlovic S, Petrovic M, Zuvela M, Antic A, Matic S, Odalovic S, Petrovic N, Milovanovic A, Obradovic V. The clinical value of scintigraphy of neuroendocrine tumors using (99m)Tc-HYNIC-TOC. Clin Imaging 2012; 52:365-369. [PMID: 23033296 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the value of whole body scintigraphy using (99m)Tc-HYNIC-TOC (Tektrotyd) and with single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) in the detection of primary and metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). METHODS Thirty patients with different neuroendocrine tumors, mainly gastroenteropancreatic (GEP), were investigated. Whole body scintigraphy was performed 2 h (if necessary 10 min and 24h) after i.v. administration of 740 Mbq (99m)Tc-Tektrotyd, Polatom. In cases of unclear findings obtained by whole body scintigraphy, investigation was followed by SPECT. RESULTS From 12 patients with NETs of unknown origin, there were 10 true positive (TP), and 2 false negative (FN) findings. Diagnosis was made with SPECT in 6 patients. From 8 patients with gut carcinoids, there were 4 TP, 2 true negative (TN), one FN, and one false positive (FP) finding. Diagnosis was made with SPECT in 2 patients. From 7 patients with neuroendocrine pancreatic carcinomas there were 4 TP and 3 TN findings. Diagnosis was made with SPECT in 2 patients. From 3 patients with gastrinomas there were 2 TP findings and one TN findings. Diagnosis was made with SPECT findings in 2 patients. Sensitivity of (99m)Tc-HYNIC-TOC was 87%, specificity 86%, positive predictive value 95%, negative predictive value 67% and accuracy 87%. CONCLUSION We concluded that scintigraphy with (99m)Tc-Tektrotyd is an useful method for diagnosis, staging and follow up of the patients with NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Artiko
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
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Keller P, Gburcik V, Petrovic N, Gallagher IJ, Nedergaard J, Cannon B, Timmons JA. Gene-chip studies of adipogenesis-regulated microRNAs in mouse primary adipocytes and human obesity. BMC Endocr Disord 2011; 11:7. [PMID: 21426570 PMCID: PMC3070678 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6823-11-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue abundance relies partly on the factors that regulate adipogenesis, i.e. proliferation and differentiation of adipocytes. While components of the transcriptional program that initiates adipogenesis is well-known, the importance of microRNAs in adipogenesis is less well studied. We thus set out to investigate whether miRNAs would be actively modulated during adipogenesis and obesity. METHODS Several models exist to study adipogenesis in vitro, of which the cell line 3T3-L1 is the most well known, albeit not the most physiologically appropriate. Thus, as an alternative, we produced EXIQON microarray of brown and white primary murine adipocytes (prior to and following differentiation) to yield global profiles of miRNAs. RESULTS We found 65 miRNAs regulated during in vitro adipogenesis in primary adipocytes. We evaluated the similarity of our responses to those found in non-primary cell models, through literature data-mining. When comparing primary adipocyte profiles, with those of cell lines reported in the literature, we found a high degree of difference in 'adipogenesis' regulated miRNAs suggesting that the model systems may not be accurately representing adipogenesis. The expression of 10 adipogenesis-regulated miRNAs were studied using real-time qPCR and then we selected 5 miRNAs, that showed robust expression, were profiled in subcutaneous adipose tissue obtained from 20 humans with a range of body mass indices (BMI, range = 21-48, and all samples have U133+2 Affymetrix profiles provided). Of the miRNAs tested, mir-21 was robustly expressed in human adipose tissue and positively correlated with BMI (R2 = 0.49, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In conclusion, we provide a preliminary analysis of miRNAs associated with primary cell in vitro adipogenesis and demonstrate that the inflammation-associated miRNA, mir-21 is up-regulated in subcutaneous adipose tissue in human obesity. Further, we provide a novel transcriptomics database of EXIQON and Affymetrix adipocyte profiles to facilitate data mining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Keller
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, UK
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Novo Nordisk A/S, DK-2760 Måløv Denmark
| | | | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Physiology, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Iain J Gallagher
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, UK
- Tissue Injury & Repair Group, The Chancellor's Building, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Physiology, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Barbara Cannon
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, UK
- Department of Physiology, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - James A Timmons
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, UK
- Department of Physiology, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Novo Nordisk A/S, DK-2760 Måløv Denmark
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Waldén TB, Petrovic N, Nedergaard J. PPARα does not suppress muscle-associated gene expression in brown adipocytes but does influence expression of factors that fingerprint the brown adipocyte. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 397:146-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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35
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Holmström TE, Mattsson CL, Wang Y, Iakovleva I, Petrovic N, Nedergaard J. Non-transactivational, dual pathways for LPA-induced Erk1/2 activation in primary cultures of brown pre-adipocytes. Exp Cell Res 2010; 316:2664-75. [PMID: 20576526 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2010] [Revised: 05/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In many cell types, G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-induced Erk1/2 MAP kinase activation is mediated via receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) transactivation, in particular via the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), acting via GPCRs, is a mitogen and MAP kinase activator in many systems, and LPA can regulate adipocyte proliferation. The mechanism by which LPA activates the Erk1/2 MAP kinase is generally accepted to be via EGF receptor transactivation. In primary cultures of brown pre-adipocytes, EGF can induce Erk1/2 activation, which is obligatory and determinant for EGF-induced proliferation of these cells. Therefore, we have here examined whether LPA, via EGF transactivation, can activate Erk1/2 in brown pre-adipocytes. We found that LPA could induce Erk1/2 activation. However, the LPA-induced Erk1/2 activation was independent of transactivation of EGF receptors (or PDGF receptors) in these cells (whereas in transformed HIB-1B brown adipocytes, the LPA-induced Erk1/2 activation indeed proceeded via EGF receptor transactivation). In the brown pre-adipocytes, LPA instead induced Erk1/2 activation via two distinct non-transactivational pathways, one G(i)-protein dependent, involving PKC and Src activation, the other, a PTX-insensitive pathway, involving PI3K (but not Akt) activation. Earlier studies showing LPA-induced Erk1/2 activation being fully dependent on RTK transactivation have all been performed in cell lines and transfected cells. The present study implies that in non-transformed systems, RTK transactivation may not be involved in the mediation of GPCR-induced Erk1/2 MAP kinase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese E Holmström
- Department of Physiology, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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36
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Dahlman I, Mejhert N, Linder K, Agustsson T, Mutch DM, Kulyte A, Isaksson B, Permert J, Petrovic N, Nedergaard J, Sjölin E, Brodin D, Clement K, Dahlman-Wright K, Rydén M, Arner P. Adipose tissue pathways involved in weight loss of cancer cachexia. Br J Cancer 2010; 102:1541-8. [PMID: 20407445 PMCID: PMC2869165 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The regulatory gene pathways that accompany loss of adipose tissue in cancer cachexia are unknown and were explored using pangenomic transcriptome profiling. Methods: Global gene expression profiles of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue were studied in gastrointestinal cancer patients with (n=13) or without (n=14) cachexia. Results: Cachexia was accompanied by preferential loss of adipose tissue and decreased fat cell volume, but not number. Adipose tissue pathways regulating energy turnover were upregulated, whereas genes in pathways related to cell and tissue structure (cellular adhesion, extracellular matrix and actin cytoskeleton) were downregulated in cachectic patients. Transcriptional response elements for hepatic nuclear factor-4 (HNF4) were overrepresented in the promoters of extracellular matrix and adhesion molecule genes, and adipose HNF4 mRNA was downregulated in cachexia. Conclusions: Cancer cachexia is characterised by preferential loss of adipose tissue; muscle mass is less affected. Loss of adipose tissue is secondary to a decrease in adipocyte lipid content and associates with changes in the expression of genes that regulate energy turnover, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix, which suggest high tissue remodelling. Changes in gene expression in cachexia are reciprocal to those observed in obesity, suggesting that regulation of fat mass at least partly corresponds to two sides of the same coin.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Dahlman
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden.
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Shabalina IG, Ost M, Petrovic N, Vrbacky M, Nedergaard J, Cannon B. Uncoupling protein-1 is not leaky. Biochim Biophys Acta 2010; 1797:773-84. [PMID: 20399195 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2010] [Revised: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The activity of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) is rate-limiting for nonshivering thermogenesis and diet-induced thermogenesis. Characteristically, this activity is inhibited by GDP experimentally and presumably mainly by cytosolic ATP within brown-fat cells. The issue as to whether UCP1 has a residual proton conductance even when fully saturated with GDP/ATP (as has recently been suggested) has not only scientific but also applied interest, since a residual proton conductance would make overexpressed UCP1 weight-reducing even without physiological/pharmacological activation. To examine this question, we have here established optimal conditions for studying the bioenergetics of wild-type and UCP1-/- brown-fat mitochondria, analysing UCP1-mediated differences in parallel preparations of brown-fat mitochondria from both genotypes. Comparing different substrates, we find that pyruvate (or palmitoyl-L-carnitine) shows the largest relative coupling by GDP. Comparing albumin concentrations, we find the range 0.1-0.6% optimal; higher concentrations are inhibitory. Comparing basic medium composition, we find 125 mM sucrose optimal; an ionic medium (50-100 mM KCl) functions for wild-type but is detrimental for UCP1-/- mitochondria. Using optimal conditions, we find no evidence for a residual proton conductance (not a higher post-GDP respiration, a lower membrane potential or an altered proton leak at highest common potential) with either pyruvate or glycerol-3-phosphate as substrates, nor by a 3-4-fold alteration of the amount of UCP1. We could demonstrate that certain experimental conditions, due to respiratoty inhibition, could lead to the suggestion that UCP1 possesses a residual proton conductance but find that under optimal conditions our experiments concur with implications from physiological observations that in the presence of inhibitory nucleotides, UCP1 is not leaky.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina G Shabalina
- The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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38
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Petrovic N, Walden TB, Shabalina IG, Timmons JA, Cannon B, Nedergaard J. Chronic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) activation of epididymally derived white adipocyte cultures reveals a population of thermogenically competent, UCP1-containing adipocytes molecularly distinct from classic brown adipocytes. J Biol Chem 2009; 285:7153-64. [PMID: 20028987 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.053942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1011] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent insight that brown adipocytes and muscle cells share a common origin and in this respect are distinct from white adipocytes has spurred questions concerning the origin and molecular characteristics of the UCP1-expressing cells observed in classic white adipose tissue depots under certain physiological or pharmacological conditions. Examining precursors from the purest white adipose tissue depot (epididymal), we report here that chronic treatment with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist rosiglitazone promotes not only the expression of PGC-1alpha and mitochondriogenesis in these cells but also a norepinephrine-augmentable UCP1 gene expression in a significant subset of the cells, providing these cells with a genuine thermogenic capacity. However, although functional thermogenic genes are expressed, the cells are devoid of transcripts for the novel transcription factors now associated with classic brown adipocytes (Zic1, Lhx8, Meox2, and characteristically PRDM16) or for myocyte-associated genes (myogenin and myomirs (muscle-specific microRNAs)) and retain white fat characteristics such as Hoxc9 expression. Co-culture experiments verify that the UCP1-expressing cells are not proliferating classic brown adipocytes (adipomyocytes), and these cells therefore constitute a subset of adipocytes ("brite" adipocytes) with a developmental origin and molecular characteristics distinguishing them as a separate class of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa Petrovic
- Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Djajic V, Tadic D, Arbutina M, Petrovic N, Popovic L, Prtina D, Vujnic M. PO01-MO-27 Frequency of VB insufficiency at congenital hypoplasia of a. vertebralis. J Neurol Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(09)70619-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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40
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Xue Y, Petrovic N, Cao R, Larsson O, Lim S, Chen S, Feldmann HM, Liang Z, Zhu Z, Nedergaard J, Cannon B, Cao Y. Hypoxia-independent angiogenesis in adipose tissues during cold acclimation. Cell Metab 2009; 9:99-109. [PMID: 19117550 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2008.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Revised: 10/01/2008] [Accepted: 11/14/2008] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of angiogenesis in relation to adipose tissue metabolism remain poorly understood. Here, we show that exposure of mice to cold led to activation of angiogenesis in both white and brown adipose tissues. In the inguinal depot, cold exposure resulted in elevated expression levels of brown-fat-associated proteins, including uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) and PGC-1alpha. Proangiogenic factors such as VEGF were upregulated, and endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors, including thrombospondin, were downregulated. In wild-type mice, the adipose tissues became hypoxic during cold exposure; in UCP1(-/-) mice, hypoxia did not occur, but, remarkably, the augmented angiogenesis was unaltered and was thus hypoxia independent. Intriguingly, VEGFR2 blockage abolished the cold-induced angiogenesis and significantly impaired nonshivering thermogenesis capacity. Unexpectedly, VEGFR1 blockage resulted in the opposite effects: increased adipose vascularity and nonshivering thermogenesis capacity. Our findings have conceptual implications concerning application of angiogenesis modulators for treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xue
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Fredriksson K, Tjäder I, Keller P, Petrovic N, Ahlman B, Schéele C, Wernerman J, Timmons JA, Rooyackers O. Dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics and the muscle transcriptome in ICU patients suffering from sepsis induced multiple organ failure. PLoS One 2008; 3:e3686. [PMID: 18997871 PMCID: PMC2579334 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2008] [Accepted: 10/11/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Septic patients treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) often develop multiple organ failure including persistent skeletal muscle dysfunction which results in the patient's protracted recovery process. We have demonstrated that muscle mitochondrial enzyme activities are impaired in septic ICU patients impairing cellular energy balance, which will interfere with muscle function and metabolism. Here we use detailed phenotyping and genomics to elucidate mechanisms leading to these impairments and the molecular consequences. Methodology/Principal Findings Utilising biopsy material from seventeen patients and ten age-matched controls we demonstrate that neither mitochondrial in vivo protein synthesis nor expression of mitochondrial genes are compromised. Indeed, there was partial activation of the mitochondrial biogenesis pathway involving NRF2α/GABP and its target genes TFAM, TFB1M and TFB2M yet clearly this failed to maintain mitochondrial function. We therefore utilised transcript profiling and pathway analysis of ICU patient skeletal muscle to generate insight into the molecular defects driving loss of muscle function and metabolic homeostasis. Gene ontology analysis of Affymetrix analysis demonstrated substantial loss of muscle specific genes, a global oxidative stress response related to most probably cytokine signalling, altered insulin related signalling and a substantial overlap between patients and muscle wasting/inflammatory animal models. MicroRNA 21 processing appeared defective suggesting that post-transcriptional protein synthesis regulation is altered by disruption of tissue microRNA expression. Finally, we were able to demonstrate that the phenotype of skeletal muscle in ICU patients is not merely one of inactivity, it appears to be an actively remodelling tissue, influenced by several mediators, all of which may be open to manipulation with the aim to improve clinical outcome. Conclusions/Significance This first combined protein and transcriptome based analysis of human skeletal muscle obtained from septic patients demonstrated that losses of mitochondria and muscle mass are accompanied by sustained protein synthesis (anabolic process) while dysregulation of transcription programmes appears to fail to compensate for increased damage and proteolysis. Our analysis identified both validated and novel clinically tractable targets to manipulate these failing processes and pursuit of these could lead to new potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Fredriksson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inga Tjäder
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pernille Keller
- Translational Biomedicine, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo Ahlman
- Department of Surgery, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institute, Ersta hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Camilla Schéele
- The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Wernerman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - James A. Timmons
- Translational Biomedicine, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
- The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olav Rooyackers
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Petrovic N, Shabalina IG, Timmons JA, Cannon B, Nedergaard J. Thermogenically competent nonadrenergic recruitment in brown preadipocytes by a PPARgamma agonist. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2008; 295:E287-96. [PMID: 18492776 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00035.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Most physiologically induced examples of recruitment of brown adipose tissue (BAT) occur as a consequence of chronic sympathetic stimulation (norepinephrine release within the tissue). However, in some physiological contexts (e.g., prenatal and prehibernation recruitment), this pathway is functionally contraindicated. Thus a nonsympathetically mediated mechanism of BAT recruitment must exist. Here we have tested whether a PPARgamma activation pathway could competently recruit BAT, independently of sympathetic stimulation. We continuously treated primary cultures of mouse brown (pre)adipocytes with the potent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) agonist rosiglitazone. In rosiglitazone-treated cultures, morphological signs of adipose differentiation and expression levels of the general adipogenic marker aP2 were manifested much earlier than in control cultures. Importantly, in the presence of the PPARgamma agonist the brown adipocyte phenotype was significantly enhanced: UCP1 was expressed even in the absence of norepinephrine, and PPARalpha expression and norepinephrine-induced PGC-1alpha mRNA levels were significantly increased. However, the augmented levels of PPARalpha could not explain the brown-fat promoting effect of rosiglitazone, as this effect was still evident in PPARalpha-null cells. In continuously rosiglitazone-treated brown adipocytes, mitochondriogenesis, an essential part of BAT recruitment, was significantly enhanced. Most importantly, these mitochondria were capable of thermogenesis, as rosiglitazone-treated brown adipocytes responded to the addition of norepinephrine with a large increase in oxygen consumption. This thermogenic response was not observable in rosiglitazone-treated brown adipocytes originating from UCP1-ablated mice; hence, it was UCP1 dependent. Thus the PPARgamma pathway represents an alternative, potent, and fully competent mechanism for BAT recruitment, which may be the cellular explanation for the enigmatic recruitment in prehibernation and prenatal states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa Petrovic
- Wenner-Gren Institute, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Misso NLA, Petrovic N, Grove C, Celenza A, Brooks-Wildhaber J, Thompson PJ. Plasma phospholipase A2 activity in patients with asthma: association with body mass index and cholesterol concentration. Thorax 2007; 63:21-6. [PMID: 17573441 DOI: 10.1136/thx.2006.074112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secretory phospholipases A2 (sPLA2) have functions relevant to asthmatic inflammation, including eicosanoid synthesis and effects on dendritic cells and T cells. The aim of this study was to measure sPLA2 activity in patients with stable and acute asthma and to assess potential associations with body mass index (BMI), and plasma cholesterol and vitamin C concentrations. METHODS Plasma sPLA2 activity and concentrations of cholesterol and vitamin C were measured in 23 control subjects and 61 subjects with stable asthma (42 mild to moderate, 19 severe). In addition, sPLA2 activity was measured in 36 patients experiencing acute asthma and in 22 of these patients after recovery from the acute attack. RESULTS sPLA2 activity was not significantly greater in severe (499.9 U; 95% confidence interval (CI) 439.4 to 560.4) compared with mild to moderate asthmatic subjects (464.8; 95% CI 425.3 to 504.3) or control subjects (445.7; 95% CI 392.1 to 499.4), although it was higher in patients with acute asthma (581.6; 95% CI 541.2 to 622.0; p<0.001). Male gender, high plasma cholesterol, increased BMI and atopy were associated with increased sPLA2 activity, while plasma vitamin C was inversely correlated with sPLA2 activity in patients with stable asthma and in control subjects. There were significant interactions between gender and plasma cholesterol and between gender and vitamin C in relation to sPLA2 activity. CONCLUSIONS Plasma sPLA2 may provide a biological link between asthma, inflammation, increased BMI, lipid metabolism and antioxidants. Interactions among these factors may be pertinent to the pathophysiology and increasing prevalence of both asthma and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L A Misso
- Lung Institute of Western Australia (Inc.), Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
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Scheele C, Nielsen AR, Walden TB, Sewell DA, Fischer CP, Brogan RJ, Petrovic N, Larsson O, Tesch PA, Wennmalm K, Hutchinson DS, Cannon B, Wahlestedt C, Pedersen BK, Timmons JA. Altered regulation of the PINK1 locus: a link between type 2 diabetes and neurodegeneration? FASEB J 2007; 21:3653-65. [PMID: 17567565 DOI: 10.1096/fj.07-8520com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in PINK1 cause the mitochondrial-related neurodegenerative disease Parkinson's. Here we investigate whether obesity, type 2 diabetes, or inactivity alters transcription from the PINK1 locus. We utilized a cDNA-array and quantitative real-time PCR for gene expression analysis of muscle from healthy volunteers following physical inactivity, and muscle and adipose tissue from nonobese or obese subjects with normal glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes. Functional studies of PINK1 were performed utilizing RNA interference in cell culture models. Following inactivity, the PINK1 locus had an opposing regulation pattern (PINK1 was down-regulated while natural antisense PINK1 was up-regulated). In type 2 diabetes skeletal muscle, all transcripts from the PINK1 locus were suppressed and gene expression correlated with diabetes status. RNA interference of PINK1 in human neuronal cell lines impaired basal glucose uptake. In adipose tissue, mitochondrial gene expression correlated with PINK1 expression although remained unaltered following siRNA knockdown of Pink1 in primary cultures of brown preadipocytes. In conclusion, regulation of the PINK1 locus, previously linked to neurodegenerative disease, is altered in obesity, type 2 diabetes and inactivity, while the combination of RNAi experiments and clinical data suggests a role for PINK1 in cell energetics rather than in mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Scheele
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Timmons JA, Wennmalm K, Larsson O, Walden TB, Lassmann T, Petrovic N, Hamilton DL, Gimeno RE, Wahlestedt C, Baar K, Nedergaard J, Cannon B. Myogenic gene expression signature establishes that brown and white adipocytes originate from distinct cell lineages. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:4401-6. [PMID: 17360536 PMCID: PMC1810328 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0610615104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 522] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Attainment of a brown adipocyte cell phenotype in white adipocytes, with their abundant mitochondria and increased energy expenditure potential, is a legitimate strategy for combating obesity. The unique transcriptional regulators of the primary brown adipocyte phenotype are unknown, limiting our ability to promote brown adipogenesis over white. In the present work, we used microarray analysis strategies to study primary preadipocytes, and we made the striking discovery that brown preadipocytes demonstrate a myogenic transcriptional signature, whereas both brown and white primary preadipocytes demonstrate signatures distinct from those found in immortalized adipogenic models. We found a plausible SIRT1-related transcriptional signature during brown adipocyte differentiation that may contribute to silencing the myogenic signature. In contrast to brown preadipocytes or skeletal muscle cells, white preadipocytes express Tcf21, a transcription factor that has been shown to suppress myogenesis and nuclear receptor activity. In addition, we identified a number of developmental genes that are differentially expressed between brown and white preadipocytes and that have recently been implicated in human obesity. The interlinkage between the myocyte and the brown preadipocyte confirms the distinct origin for brown versus white adipose tissue and also represents a plausible explanation as to why brown adipocytes ultimately specialize in lipid catabolism rather than storage, much like oxidative skeletal muscle tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Timmons
- *Wenner–Gren Institute, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot–Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Berzelius Väg 35, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- To whom correspondence may be addressed at:
School of Life Sciences, John Muir Building, Heriot–Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland. E-mail:
| | - Kristian Wennmalm
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Berzelius Väg 35, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ola Larsson
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Berzelius Väg 35, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas B. Walden
- *Wenner–Gren Institute, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot–Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland
| | - Timo Lassmann
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Berzelius Väg 35, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- *Wenner–Gren Institute, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Berzelius Väg 35, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D. Lee Hamilton
- Division of Molecular Physiology, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland; and
| | - Ruth E. Gimeno
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Claes Wahlestedt
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Berzelius Väg 35, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Keith Baar
- Division of Molecular Physiology, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland; and
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- *Wenner–Gren Institute, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Cannon
- *Wenner–Gren Institute, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot–Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland
- To whom correspondence may be addressed at:
Wenner–Gren Institute, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. E-mail:
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Lelliott CJ, Medina-Gomez G, Petrovic N, Kis A, Feldmann HM, Bjursell M, Parker N, Curtis K, Campbell M, Hu P, Zhang D, Litwin SE, Zaha VG, Fountain KT, Boudina S, Jimenez-Linan M, Blount M, Lopez M, Meirhaeghe A, Bohlooly-Y M, Storlien L, Strömstedt M, Snaith M, Orešič M, Abel ED, Cannon B, Vidal-Puig A. Ablation of PGC-1beta results in defective mitochondrial activity, thermogenesis, hepatic function, and cardiac performance. PLoS Biol 2007; 4:e369. [PMID: 17090215 PMCID: PMC1634886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2006] [Accepted: 09/05/2006] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1β (PGC-1β) has been implicated in important metabolic processes. A mouse lacking PGC-1β (PGC1βKO) was generated and phenotyped using physiological, molecular, and bioinformatic approaches. PGC1βKO mice are generally viable and metabolically healthy. Using systems biology, we identified a general defect in the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial function and, specifically, the electron transport chain. This defect correlated with reduced mitochondrial volume fraction in soleus muscle and heart, but not brown adipose tissue (BAT). Under ambient temperature conditions, PGC-1β ablation was partially compensated by up-regulation of PGC-1α in BAT and white adipose tissue (WAT) that lead to increased thermogenesis, reduced body weight, and reduced fat mass. Despite their decreased fat mass, PGC1βKO mice had hypertrophic adipocytes in WAT. The thermogenic role of PGC-1β was identified in thermoneutral and cold-adapted conditions by inadequate responses to norepinephrine injection. Furthermore, PGC1βKO hearts showed a blunted chronotropic response to dobutamine stimulation, and isolated soleus muscle fibres from PGC1βKO mice have impaired mitochondrial function. Lack of PGC-1β also impaired hepatic lipid metabolism in response to acute high fat dietary loads, resulting in hepatic steatosis and reduced lipoprotein-associated triglyceride and cholesterol content. Altogether, our data suggest that PGC-1β plays a general role in controlling basal mitochondrial function and also participates in tissue-specific adaptive responses during metabolic stress. The authors conduct an in-depth analysis of a PGC-1β knockout mouse; these animals posses specific defects in basal mitochondrial function and adaptation to metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Lelliott
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Gema Medina-Gomez
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adrienn Kis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Nadeene Parker
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Keira Curtis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Campbell
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ping Hu
- Division of Cardiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Dongfang Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Sheldon E Litwin
- Division of Cardiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Vlad G Zaha
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes and Program in Human Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Kimberly T Fountain
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes and Program in Human Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Sihem Boudina
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes and Program in Human Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | | | - Margaret Blount
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel Lopez
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Matej Orešič
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - E. Dale Abel
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes and Program in Human Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Barbara Cannon
- The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Behbahani H, Shabalina IG, Wiehager B, Concha H, Hultenby K, Petrovic N, Nedergaard J, Winblad B, Cowburn RF, Ankarcrona M. Differential role of Presenilin-1 and -2 on mitochondrial membrane potential and oxygen consumption in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. J Neurosci Res 2006; 84:891-902. [PMID: 16883555 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.20990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that mitochondrial alterations contribute to the neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Presenilin 1 (PS1) and Presenilin 2 (PS2) mutations have been shown to sensitize cells to apoptosis by mechanisms suggested to involve impaired mitochondrial function. We have previously detected active gamma-secretase complexes in mitochondria. We investigated the impact of PS/gamma-secretase on mitochondrial function using mouse embryonal fibroblasts derived from wild-type, PS1-/-, PS2-/- and PS double knock-out (PSKO) embryos. Measurements of mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) showed a higher percentage of fully functional mitochondria in PS1-/- and PSwt as compared to PS2-/- and PSKO cells. This result was evident both in whole cell preparations and in isolated mitochondria. Interestingly, pre-treatment of isolated mitochondria with the gamma-secretase inhibitor L-685,458 resulted in a decreased population of mitochondria with high DeltaPsim in PSwt and PS1-/- cells, indicating that PS2/gamma-secretase activity can modify DeltaPsim. PS2-/- cells showed a significantly lower basal respiratory rate as compared to other cell lines. However, all cell lines demonstrated competent bioenergetic function. These data point toward a specific role of PS2/gamma-secretase activity for proper mitochondrial function and indicate interplay between PS1 and PS2 in mitochondrial functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homira Behbahani
- Department of Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet Dainippon Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals Alzheimer Center, Caring Sciences and Society, Novum, Huddinge, Sweden.
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48
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Cannon B, Shabalina IG, Kramarova TV, Petrovic N, Nedergaard J. Uncoupling proteins: a role in protection against reactive oxygen species--or not? Biochim Biophys Acta 2006; 1757:449-58. [PMID: 16806053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2006.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2006] [Revised: 04/28/2006] [Accepted: 05/10/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A physiological function of the original uncoupling protein, UCP1, is well established: UCP1 is the molecular background for nonshivering thermogenesis. The functions of the "novel" UCPs, UCP2 and UCP3, are still not established. Recent discussions imply that all UCPs may play a role in protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here we examine critically the evidence that UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3 are stimulated by ROS (superoxide) or ROS products (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal), and that the UCPs actually diminish oxidative damage. We conclude that, concerning UCP1, it is unlikely that it has such a role; concerning UCP2/UCP3, most evidence for physiologically significant roles in this respect is still circumstantial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Cannon
- The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Abstract
Uncoupling proteins have been ascribed a role in defense against oxidative stress, particularly by being activated by products of oxidative stress such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE). We have investigated here the ability of HNE to activate UCP1. Using brown fat mitochondria from UCP1+/+ and UCP1-/- mice to allow for identification of UCP1-dependent effects, we found that HNE could neither (re)activate purine nucleotide-inhibited UCP1, nor induce additional activation of innately active UCP1. The aldehyde nonenal had a (re)activating effect only if converted to the corresponding fatty acid by aldehyde dehydrogenase; the presence of a carboxyl group was thus an absolute requirement for (re)activation. The UCP1-dependent proton leak was not increased by HNE but HNE changed basal proton leak characteristics in a UCP1-independent manner. In agreement with the in vitro results, we found, as compared with UCP1+/+ mice, no increase in HNE/protein adducts in brown fat mitochondria isolated from UCP1-/- mice, irrespective of whether they were adapted to thermoneutral temperature (30 degrees C) or to the cold (4 degrees C). The absence of oxidative damage in UCP1-/- mitochondria was not due to enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes. Thus, HNE did not affect UCP1 activity, and UCP1 would appear not to be physiologically involved in defense against oxidative stress. Additionally, it was concluded that at least in brown adipose tissue, conditions of high mitochondrial membrane potential, high oxygen tension, and high substrate supply do not necessarily lead to increased oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina G Shabalina
- Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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50
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Simon SH, Bonesteel NE, Freedman MH, Petrovic N, Hormozi L. Topological quantum computing with only one mobile quasiparticle. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:070503. [PMID: 16606068 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.070503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2005] [Revised: 12/05/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In a topological quantum computer, universal quantum computation is performed by dragging quasiparticle excitations of certain two dimensional systems around each other to form braids of their world lines in 2 + 1 dimensional space-time. In this Letter we show that any such quantum computation that can be done by braiding n identical quasiparticles can also be done by moving a single quasiparticle around n - 1 other identical quasiparticles whose positions remain fixed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Simon
- Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, 700 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974, USA
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