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Leyrolle Q, Cserjesi R, Demeure R, Neyrinck AM, Amadieu C, Rodriguez J, Kärkkäinen O, Hanhineva K, Paquot N, Cnop M, Cani PD, Thissen JP, Bindels LB, Klein O, Luminet O, Delzenne NM. Microbiota and Metabolite Profiling as Markers of Mood Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study in Obese Patients. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010147. [PMID: 35011021 PMCID: PMC8746987 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of several neurological and psychiatric diseases, but few studies report the contribution of biological features in the occurrence of mood disorders in obese patients. The aim of the study is to evaluate the potential links between serum metabolomics and gut microbiome, and mood disturbances in a cohort of obese patients. Psychological, biological characteristics and nutritional habits were evaluated in 94 obese subjects from the Food4Gut study stratified according to their mood score assessed by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The fecal gut microbiota and plasma non-targeted metabolomics were analysed. Obese subjects with increased negative mood display elevated levels of Coprococcus as well as decreased levels of Sutterella and Lactobacillus. Serum metabolite profile analysis reveals in these subjects altered levels of several amino acid-derived metabolites, such as an increased level of L-histidine and a decreased in phenylacetylglutamine, linked to altered gut microbiota composition and function rather than to differences in dietary amino acid intake. Regarding clinical profile, we did not observe any differences between both groups. Our results reveal new microbiota-derived metabolites that characterize the alterations of mood in obese subjects, thereby allowing to propose new targets to tackle mood disturbances in this context. Food4gut, clinicaltrial.gov: NCT03852069.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Leyrolle
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Q.L.); (R.D.); (A.M.N.); (C.A.); (J.R.); (P.D.C.); (L.B.B.)
| | - Renata Cserjesi
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (R.C.); (O.K.)
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1053 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Romane Demeure
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Q.L.); (R.D.); (A.M.N.); (C.A.); (J.R.); (P.D.C.); (L.B.B.)
| | - Audrey M. Neyrinck
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Q.L.); (R.D.); (A.M.N.); (C.A.); (J.R.); (P.D.C.); (L.B.B.)
| | - Camille Amadieu
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Q.L.); (R.D.); (A.M.N.); (C.A.); (J.R.); (P.D.C.); (L.B.B.)
| | - Julie Rodriguez
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Q.L.); (R.D.); (A.M.N.); (C.A.); (J.R.); (P.D.C.); (L.B.B.)
| | - Olli Kärkkäinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Food Chemistry and Food Development Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland;
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nicolas Paquot
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism and Nutrition, GIGA-Inflammation, Infection & Immunity, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium;
| | - Miriam Cnop
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium;
- Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Q.L.); (R.D.); (A.M.N.); (C.A.); (J.R.); (P.D.C.); (L.B.B.)
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique IREC, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Laure B. Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Q.L.); (R.D.); (A.M.N.); (C.A.); (J.R.); (P.D.C.); (L.B.B.)
| | - Olivier Klein
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (R.C.); (O.K.)
| | - Olivier Luminet
- Research Institute for Psychological Sciences, UCLouvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;
| | - Nathalie M. Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Q.L.); (R.D.); (A.M.N.); (C.A.); (J.R.); (P.D.C.); (L.B.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-764-73-69
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Leyrolle Q, Cserjesi R, Demeure R, Neyrinck A, Rodriguez J, Karkkainen O, Haninheva K, Paquot N, Cnop M, Cani P, Thissen JP, Bindels L, Klein O, Luminet O, Delzenne N. Microbiome and metabolome-related biomarkers of mood alterations in obese patients. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Van Beers B, Trigaux JP, Grandin C, Jamart J, Demeure R, Geubel A, Brenard R, Melange M, Dardenne AN, Pringot J. Regenerative Nodules in Hepatic Cirrhosis. Acta Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/028418519203300310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the accuracy of surface coil gradient-echo (GRE) imaging in the detection of regenerative nodules of hepatic cirrhosis, 53 patients with diffuse liver disease, among whom 31 had cirrhosis, were prospectively investigated. Three GRE sequences acquired with a surface coil were used in the study: a T2*-weighted, a T1-weighted, and a gadopentetate-enhanced sequence. ROC analysis showed that two surface coil GRE sequences were superior to conventional T2-weighted spin-echo imaging acquired with a body coil for the detection of regenerative nodules. The detection of regenerative nodules was also more accurate for the diagnosis of cirrhosis than the measurement of the caudate-to-right lobe ratio. These results suggest that there could be a potential for surface coil GRE imaging in the assessment of the characteristic macroscopic alterations of cirrhosis.
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Fumiere E, Leduc O, Fourcade S, Becker C, Garbar C, Demeure R, Wilputte F, Leduc A, Delcour C. MR imaging, proton MR spectroscopy, ultrasonographic, histologic findings in patients with chronic lymphedema. Lymphology 2007; 40:157-162. [PMID: 18365529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Lymphedema is a progressive disease with multiple alterations occurring in the dermis. We undertook this study using high-frequency ultrasonography (US), magnetic resonance imaging, proton MR spectroscopy and histology to examine structural changes occurring in the subcutaneous tissue and precisely describe the nature of intralobular changes in chronic lymphedema. Four cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue biopsies from patients with chronic lymphedema during lymphonodal transplantation were studied. We performed US with a 13.5 MHz transducer, TSE T1 and TSE T2 magnetic resonance images with and without fat-suppression, MR Chemical Shift Imaging Spectroscopy and histological evaluation on these biopsies. We found that normal subcutaneous septa are seen as hyperechogenic lines in US and hyposignal lines in MRI and that hyperechogenic subcutis in US can be due to interlobular and intralobular water accumulation and/or to interlobular and intralobular fibrosis. Our study also confirms the usefulness of MR spectroscopy to assess water or fat content of soft tissue. Thus, multiple imaging modalities may be necessary to precisely delineate the nature of tissue alterations in chronic lymphedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fumiere
- Department of Radiology, CHU Charleroi, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
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Gallez B, Demeure R, Baudelet C, Abdelouahab N, Beghein N, Jordan B, Geurts M, Roels HA. Non invasive quantification of manganese deposits in the rat brain by local measurement of NMR proton T1 relaxation times. Neurotoxicology 2001; 22:387-92. [PMID: 11456339 DOI: 10.1016/s0161-813x(01)00020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Up to now, there is no reliable non invasive biomarker for the concentration of manganese (Mn) in the brain after intoxication to this metal. The aim of the present experimental study was to determine the predictive value of the localized measurement of the proton NMR relaxation time T1 as a quantitative estimation of the concentration of Mn in brain. The relationship of the proton relaxation rates (1/T1) was established in rat brain homogenates as a function of the Mn, iron, and copper concentration. Subsequently, an experimental model of Mn neurotoxicity was used: rats were stereotactically injected with increasing amounts of Mn2+ (as MnCl2) in the ventricles. After 3 weeks, local measurements of T1 were carried out in live rats. They were then sacrificed in order to sample the striatum, the cortex, and the cerebellum from the brain and to perform a quantitative determination of the concentration of Mn in these tissues by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The results indicate excellent correlation coefficients between relaxation rates and tissue Mn concentrations (r= 0.84, 0.77 and 0.92 for the striatum, the cortex and the cerebellum, respectively). This methodology offers a unique toolfor monitoring the degree of Mn concentration in different areas of the brain in animal models of Mn intoxication. It will be useful for evaluating the efficacy of treatments aimed at decreasing the metal in the brain. The method could be potentially useful for being transposed in the clinical situation for monitoring Mn-exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gallez
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Radiopharmacy, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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Jordan BF, Misson P, Demeure R, Baudelet C, Beghein N, Gallez B. Changes in tumor oxygenation/perfusion induced by the no donor, isosorbide dinitrate, in comparison with carbogen: monitoring by EPR and MRI. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000; 48:565-70. [PMID: 10974477 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(00)00694-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In an effort to improve radiotherapy treatments, methods aimed at increasing the quantity of oxygen delivered to tumors were investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of one nitric oxide (NO) donor (isosorbide dinitrate) on pO(2) and blood flow in a murine tumor model. The effect was compared to carbogen, used as a reference treatment. METHODS AND MATERIALS Thirty-six liver tumors implanted in mouse thighs were imaged using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 4.7 Tesla with dynamic Gd-DTPA and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) contrast-enhanced imaging after administration of isosorbide dinitrate or carbogen. The effect on the pO(2) was also tested by EPR oximetry (1.1 GHz) on 52 mice. RESULTS A significant increase in MRI intensity was observed for both treatments in comparison with the control group. EPR oximetry showed a dose-dependant increase in tumor pO(2) for isosorbide dinitrate (by 5.9 mmHg at 0.2 mg/kg) and a substantially greater change for carbogen breathing (by 23 mmHg). CONCLUSION Both tumor blood flow and pO(2) were increased by isosorbide dinitrate and carbogen. Carbogen is more efficient than isosorbide dinitrate in increasing the BOLD image intensity, as well as the tumor pO(2), but as efficient as isosorbide dinitrate in the Gd-DTPA contrast-enhanced imaging. We conclude that the effects of carbogen on improving tumor pO(2) involve both improved blood flow and improved hemoglobin oxygenation, whereas the effects of isosorbide dinitrate are predominantly mediated by improved blood flow alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- B F Jordan
- Laboratories of Medicinal Chemistry and Radiopharmacy, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Abstract
31P NMR was used to assess the influence of two weeks creatine supplementation (21g x d(-1)) on resting muscle PCr concentration, on the rate of PCr repletion (R(depl)), and on the half-time of PCr repletion (t 1/2). Body mass (BM) and volume of body water compartments were also estimated by impedance spectroscopy. Fourteen healthy male subjects (20.8+/-1.9 y) participated in this double-blind study. PCr was measured using a surface coil placed under the calf muscle, at rest and during two exercise bout the duration of which was 1 min. They were interspaced by a recovery of 10 min. The exercises comprised of 50 plantar flexions-extensions against weights corresponding to 40% and 70% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), respectively. Creatine supplementation increased resting muscle PCr content by approximately 20% (P= 0.002). R(depl) was also increased by approximately 15% (P< 0.001) and approximately 10% (P = 0.026) during 40% and 70% MVC exercises, respectively. No change was observed in R(repl) and t1/2. BM and body water compartments were not influenced. These results indicate that during a standardized exercise more ATP is synthesized by the CK reaction when the pre-exercise level in PCr is higher, giving some support to the positive effects recorded on muscle performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Francaux
- Institut d'Education Physique et de Réadaptation, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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Baudelet C, Demeure R, Frois A, Masereel B, Goudemant JF, Ritter C, Gallez B. Evidence for a neuroprotective effect of pyrid-3-yl-sulphonyl-urea in photochemically induced focal ischaemia in rats: magnetic resonance imaging evaluation. J Pharm Pharmacol 1999; 51:967-70. [PMID: 10504038 DOI: 10.1211/0022357991773249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
A neuroprotective effect can be obtained with N-[(4-cycloheptylaminopyrid-3-yl)sulphonyl]N'-cycloheptyl urea (BM27), a pyrid-3-yl-sulphonylurea structurally related to torasemide, a loop diuretic. We have investigated the neuroprotective effect of BM27 by magnetic resonance imaging and use of the photothrombotic model of cerebral infarction in the rat. This method enables non-invasive quantification of the extent of the cerebral oedema from T2-weighted spin-echo images. This article reports the evolution of the extent of oedema with time (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 24 and 48 h, 7 and 15 days and 1 month after induction of the lesion) in rats pretreated with 5 mg kg(-1) BM27 or an appropriate control. At all times, the rats treated with BM27 had, on average, smaller lesions than control rats (30% decrease between 2 h and 6 h). These results strongly suggest a significant (P < 0.01) but modest neuroprotective effect of BM27 in ischaemic cerebral stroke. Further investigations should be performed to determine if BM27 or its analogues are of clinical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Baudelet
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Radiopharmacy, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Goudemant JF, Deconinck N, Tinsley JM, Demeure R, Robert A, Davies KE, Gillis JM. Expression of truncated utrophin improves pH recovery in exercising muscles of dystrophic mdx mice: a 31P NMR study. Neuromuscul Disord 1998; 8:371-9. [PMID: 9713853 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(98)00049-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
31P NMR spectroscopy was used to study the energy metabolism of dystrophin-deficient skeletal muscle of mdx mice, an animal model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, in which expression of a truncated form of utrophin has been obtained through transgenesis technology. Measurements of ATP, phosphocreatine (PCr), inorganic phosphates (Pi) and intracellular pH (pHi) were made at rest, during a fatigue protocol and during the subsequent recovery. Mechanical fatigue of transgenic muscles was similar to normal muscle, while mdx muscle showed larger force loss. At rest, muscles of all groups had similar values for [ATP], [PCr], [Pi] and pHi. During fatigue, [PCr] decreases mirrored [Pi] increases and were similar in all groups. The major difference between mdx muscles and the group of normal and trc-utrophin muscles concerned the values and evolution of pHi. The mdx muscles showed a more severe intracellular acidosis during exercise and a slower and incomplete post-exercise recovery of normal pHi. In contrast, in trc-utrophin muscles, the kinetics and amplitude of pHi changes were remarkably close to normal behaviour. We conclude that the impaired proton washout which is present in mdx muscles, is corrected to a great extent by the expression of trc-utrophin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Goudemant
- Département de Radiologie et d'Imagerie Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
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Gallez B, Debuyst R, Dejehet F, Liu KJ, Walczak T, Goda F, Demeure R, Taper H, Swartz HM. Small particles of fusinite and carbohydrate chars coated with aqueous soluble polymers: preparation and applications for in vivo EPR oximetry. Magn Reson Med 1998; 40:152-9. [PMID: 9660565 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910400120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of oxygen-sensitive paramagnetic materials is being pursued actively because of their potential applications in in vivo EPR oximetry. Among these materials, several charcoals and carbohydrate chars are of special interest because of their desirable EPR properties: high sensitivity of the EPR linewidth to the partial pressure of oxygen, simple EPR spectra, and high spin density. Their potential use in humans, however, is limited by the need to demonstrate that they will not lead to deleterious effects. A strategy was used to optimize the biocompatibility of the oxygen-sensitive materials by decreasing the size of the particles and coating them with suspending or surfactive agents such as arabic gum, poloxamer (Pluriol 6800), and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The coated particles of a carbohydrate char and fusinite were characterized in vitro for their size, stability, and pO2 sensitivity. The feasibility of performing pO2 measurement was examined in vivo by inducing ischemia in the gastrocnemius muscle of mice. The use of arabic gum for coating the fusinite particles preserved the pO2 sensitivity in vivo, whereas the other surfactive agents led to a loss of the pO2 sensitivity in vivo. Small particles of fusinite coated by arabic gum and intravenously administered to mice accumulated in the liver, whereas the uncoated fusinite was toxic when injected intravenously due to the large size and aggregation of the particles. Histological studies performed up to 6 months after the injection in muscles of mice did not indicate any toxicity from the materials used in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gallez
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Radiopharmacy, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Goudemant JF, Van Beers BE, Demeure R, Grandin C, Delos M, Pringot J. Comparison of unenhanced and gadoxetate disodium-enhanced spin-echo magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of experimental hepatocellular carcinoma in the rat. Invest Radiol 1998; 33:80-4. [PMID: 9493722 DOI: 10.1097/00004424-199802000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The authors compare the potential value of unenhanced and gadoxetate disodium-enhanced spin-echo images for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in a rat model. METHODS Eleven rats with chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma underwent unenhanced T2-weighted fast spin-echo imaging followed by T1-weighted spin-echo imaging before and at 5 minutes, 30 minutes, 3 hours, 1 day, and 3 days after intravenous administration of 60 micromol/kg gadoxetate disodium at 4.7 tesla. Tumor and liver enhancement, and tumor-to-liver contrast-to-noise (C/N) ratio were calculated. RESULTS After gadoxetate disodium administration, the tumors showed less enhancement than the liver. Tumor-to-liver C/N ratio increased from 5.5 +/- 0.8% on unenhanced T1-weighted images to 12.9 +/- 2.4% on gadoxetate-enhanced T1-weighted images (P = 0.02). However, the C/N ratio on unenhanced T2-weighted images (23.5 +/- 3.6%) remained higher than that on gadoxetate-enhanced T1-weighted images, a difference that is statistically significant (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS In the experimental setting of our study, the higher tumor-to-liver C/N ratio on unenhanced T2-weighted spin-echo images suggests that unenhanced T2-weighted spin-echo images are superior to gadoxetate disodium-enhanced T1-weighted spin-echo images for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Goudemant
- Department of Radiology, St-Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
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Mottet I, Demeure R, Rataud J, Lucas M, Wahl F, Warscotte V, Thiran JP, Goudemant JF, Maldague B, Maloteaux JM, Stutzmann JM. Effects of riluzole on the evolution of focal cerebral ischemia: a magnetic resonance imaging study. MAGMA 1997; 5:185-91. [PMID: 9351022 DOI: 10.1007/bf02594581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of riluzole on the lesion induced by a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. Riluzole at 4 or 8 mg/kg i.v. significantly reduced the cortical ischemic brain damage. With the most effective dose of 8 mg/kg, the time evolution of the lesion was assessed by T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) repeated on the same animals after MCAO. MRI obtained at 24, 48, and 72 hours after MCAO showed a progressive increase of the ischemic lesion, except in the cortex of the riluzole-treated rats (8 mg/kg i.v.). Furthermore, there was no difference between lesion volumes as measured by MRI or by histology. This study indicates that MRI may be a valuable method to quantify in vivo the neuroprotective profile of a drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mottet
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Mottet I, Goudemant JF, Francaux M, Demeure R, Sturbois X. Free magnesium concentration in isolated rabbit hearts subjected to high dose isoproterenol infusion: a 31P NMR study. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1997; 75:1015-21. [PMID: 9360017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The hypothesis of magnesium deficiency in isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial injury has been investigated by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. High energy phosphate concentrations, pHi, and intracellular free magnesium concentration ([Mg2+]i) were measured in isolated rabbit hearts perfused at constant flow and subjected to 10(-6)M isoproterenol during 30 min. Recent calibrations were used for [Mg2+]i measurements, and uncertainties on [Mg2+]i estimated values were calculated. During isoproterenol infusion, pHi, [PCr], and [ATP] decreased, while [P(i)] increased. When it was stopped, [PCr] completely repleted, whereas only a partial restoration was observed for pHi and [P(i)]. A rise of end-diastolic pressure and perfusion pressure expressed a contracture, concomitant with a lack of [ATP] recovery, which remained at 59 +/- 13% of the rest value. These results establish that 10(-6) M isoproterenol caused severe myocardial injury. [Mg2+]i increased from 0.70 mM at rest to 0.88 mM at the end of the isoproterenol period. Considering the estimated uncertainties on the [Mg2+]i values, this increase was not significant. After isoproterenol infusion, [Mg2+]i progressively decreased to reach 0.72 mM at 45 min recovery. It is concluded that isoproterenol myocardial toxicity may not be related to [Mg2+]i deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mottet
- Institut d'éducation physique et de réadaptation, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Mottet I, Goudemant JF, Francaux M, Demeure R, Sturbois X. Free magnesium concentration in isolated rabbit hearts subjected to high dose isoproterenol infusion: a 31P NMR study. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1997. [DOI: 10.1139/y97-121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Goudemant JF, Francaux M, Mottet I, Demeure R, Sibomana M, Sturbois X. 31P NMR saturation transfer study of the creatine kinase reaction in human skeletal muscle at rest and during exercise. Magn Reson Med 1997; 37:744-53. [PMID: 9126949 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910370518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The creatine kinase reaction has been studied by 31P NMR in exercising human calf muscle. Quantitative analysis of high energy phosphates and saturation transfer study of the creatine kinase flux in the direction of ATP synthesis (Vfor) were performed at rest and during exercise. As expected, exercise induced a [PCr] decrease (from 28.5 +/- 0.9 to 21.9 +/- 1.5 mM, P < 0.01) matched by a Pi increase (from 4.5 +/- 0.2 to 8.9 +/- 1.8 mM, P = 0.06). pHi and [ATP] remained unchanged. Vfor did not change from rest (12.4 +/- 0.9 mM s(-1)) to moderate exercise and decreased at the highest exercise level (8.4 +/- 1.4 mM s(-1), P = 0.006). This observation differs from the prediction of the creatine kinase rate equation, showing an increase in the flux with exercise intensity. Computations suggest that this discrepancy arises from metabolite compartmentalization and/or from the reaction kinetics of a dead end complex stabilized by planar anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Goudemant
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imagery, Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
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Van Beers BE, Lacrosse M, Jamart J, Grandin C, Gigot JF, Horsmans Y, Demeure R, Pringot J. Detection and segmental location of malignant hepatic tumors: comparison of ferumoxides-enhanced gradient-echo and T2-weighted spin-echo MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997; 168:713-7. [PMID: 9057521 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.168.3.9057521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our prospective study was to compare the values of ferumoxides-enhanced gradient-echo and T2-weighted spin-echo MR imaging for the detection and segmental location of malignant hepatic tumors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Eighteen patients underwent ferumoxides-enhanced T2 weighted spin-echo and steady-state gradient-echo imaging before surgery. Intraoperative sonography was used as the reference examination and showed 28 malignant tumors involving 39 of the 144 hepatic segments. The MR images were reviewed independently by two observers who recorded the number of tumors and their segmental location. The results of the segmental location were subjected to receiver-operating-characteristic analysis. Tumor-liver, vessel-liver, and tumor-vessel contrast-to-noise ratios were calculated. RESULTS Detection on the gradient-echo images did not differ significantly from that on the T2-weighted spin-echo MR images (observers A and B detected 23 and 24 tumors, respectively, on the gradient-echo images; the two observers each detected 22 tumors on the T2-weighted spin-echo images). Segmental localization was significantly better on the gradient-echo images than on the T2-weighted spin-echo images (mean area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve: 0.974 versus 0.895 for observer A and 0.962 versus 0.906 for observer B, p = .024). The highest contrast-to-noise ratios for vessel to liver and tumor to vessel were obtained on the gradient-echo images and the highest tumor-liver contrast-to-noise ratio was obtained on the T2-weighted spin-echo images. CONCLUSION In our study, ferumoxides-enhanced gradient-echo imaging was as accurate as T2-weighted spin-echo imaging for revealing malignant hepatic tumors and was superior for showing their segmental location.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Van Beers
- Department of Radiology, St-Luc University Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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17
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Mottet I, Goudemant JF, Francaux M, Demeure R, Sturbois X. Free magnesium concentration in isolated rabbit hearts subjected to high dose isoproterenol infusion: a <SUP>31</SUP>P NMR study. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1997. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-75-8-1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Van Beers BE, Goudemant JF, Oksendal A, Jamart J, Delos M, Thiran JP, Demeure R, Pringot J, Maldague B. Detection of reperfused ischemia of the rat intestine: value of magnetic resonance imaging with small-molecular-weight dysprosium and gadolinium chelates. Acad Radiol 1997; 4:35-42. [PMID: 9040868 DOI: 10.1016/s1076-6332(97)80159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The authors assessed whether the small-molecular-weight magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast agents dysprosium diethylenetriamepentaacetic acid bismethylamide (sprodiamide injection), which enhances T2*, and gadolinium diethylenetriamepentaacetic acid bismethylamide (gadodiamide injection), which enhances T1, could improve the detection of reperfused ischemia of the rat intestine. METHODS Eighteen rats were subjected to vascular occlusion of the distal ileum for 30 minutes, followed by reperfusion. Ten minutes after reperfusion, T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo (SE) images were obtained before and after administration of sprodiamide, gadodiamide, or both. The same imaging protocol was applied in another group of 18 rats subjected to 10 minutes of occlusion and reperfusion. Histologic examination of the intestine was performed after MR imaging. RESULTS Villous injury (ie, denudation) was observed in most cases after 30 minutes of occlusion, but not after 10 minutes of occlusion. After 30 minutes of occlusion, the superficial part of the ischemic intestine was hyperintense to the normal intestine on unenhanced T2-weighted images. Administration of sprodiamide improved the contrast between the normal and ischemic intestine on T2-weighted images, and administration of both gadodiamide and sprodiamide improved the contrast on T1- and T2-weighted images. After 10 minutes of occlusion, no contrast was discernible before or after contrast material administration. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the detection of reperfused intestinal ischemia of sufficient duration to cause villous injury can be improved by using sprodiamide injection alone or in combination with gadodiamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Van Beers
- Department of Radiology, Université Catholique de Louvain, St-Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
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Grandin CB, Van Beers BE, Pauwels S, Demeure R, Jamart J, Pringot J. Ferumoxides and Tc-99m sulfur colloid: comparison of the tumor-to-liver uptake in focal nodular hyperplasia. J Magn Reson Imaging 1997; 7:125-9. [PMID: 9039602 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.1880070117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor-to-liver uptake of two reticuloendothelial agents, namely ferumoxides and technetium-99m (Tc-99m) sulfur colloid, was compared in focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH). Twelve patients with FNH who had undergone ferumoxides-enhanced MR imaging and planar Tc-99m sulfur colloid scintigraphy within 1 year were included from the study. Fourteen patients with FNH with a diameter larger than 3 cm were selected for the comparison. The tumor-to-liver ferumoxides uptake was calculated and the Tc-99m sulfur colloid uptake was assessed visually. Fermuoxides uptake was observed in all but one patient with FNH (mean tumor-to-liver ratio = .36). The six tumors showing normal (n = 5) or increased (n = 1) radiocolloid uptake when compared to the liver accumulated more ferumoxides than the eight tumors showing decreased radiocolloid uptake (P < .01). However, in some tumors, no direct relation was observed between ferumoxides and Tc-99m sulfur colloid uptake. Our observations suggest that ferumoxides uptake might not exactly mimic Tc-99m sulfur colloid uptake in FNH.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Grandin
- Department of Radiology, St. Luc University Hospital, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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20
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Maron A, Gustin T, Le Roux A, Mottet I, Dedieu JF, Brion JP, Demeure R, Perricaudet M, Octave JN. Gene therapy of rat C6 glioma using adenovirus-mediated transfer of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene: long-term follow-up by magnetic resonance imaging. Gene Ther 1996; 3:315-22. [PMID: 8732163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene was transferred into C6 glioma cells by infection with a recombinant adenovirus. In vitro, a 10 microM ganciclovir concentration was able to kill 100% of the infected cells. For in vivo experiments, brain tumors were established by stereotactic injection of C6 glioma cells in the caudate nucleus of rats. Five days later, the recombinant adenovirus was inoculated into the tumors and the animals were treated by intraperitoneal injections of ganciclovir for 14 days. At the end of ganciclovir therapy, histological examination revealed a 28-fold decrease in tumor volumes in the treated animals, as compared with control animals. In long-term studies, the mean survival time of the treated animals were four-fold longer than that of control ones. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an apparent complete tumor regression in 62% of the animals. However, late tumor recurrence was observed in the treated animals. Repeated inoculation of C6 glioma cells in the contralateral hemisphere of long-term surviving animals resulted in either tumor rejection or slowly growing tumors. These findings demonstrate the potential efficacy of adenovirus-mediated transfer of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene and ganciclovir administration in the treatment of rat gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maron
- Laboratoire de Neurochimie, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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21
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Abstract
The development of oxygen-sensitive paramagnetic materials is being actively pursued because of their potential applications for in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) oximetry. Among these materials, fusinite is of particular interest because of the high sensitivity of the EPR linewidth to the partial pressure pO2. Although this material has led to a number of very useful results in experimental systems, its potential use in humans is limited by the need to prove that it will not cause deleterious effects. The strategy used in this study to optimize the biocompatibility of the oxygen-sensitive materials was to prepare small silicon implants containing the fusinite. The use of silicon permits the diffusion of oxygen inside the implant while the material does not have contact with the biological environment. Radiosterilization did not affect the pO2 sensitivity of the material. The feasibility of performing pO2 measurement was verified in vivo by periodically inducing ischemia in the gastrocnemius muscle of mice over a period of 6 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gallez
- Laboratory of Medical Chemistry, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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22
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Mottet I, Van Beers BE, Delos M, Goudemant JF, Jamart J, Demeure R, Pringot J. Reperfused ischemia of the rat intestine: detection by MR imaging with polylysine-Gd-DTPA enhancement. Magn Reson Med 1996; 35:131-5. [PMID: 8771031 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910350117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To detect reperfused ischemia of the rat intestine, T2-weighted spin-echo images were acquired, followed by T1-weighted images before and after administration of polylysine-Gd-DTPA or Gd-DTPA. Before administration of the contrast agent, the reperfused intestine was hyperintense on T2-weighted images, and to a lesser extent on T1-weighted images. After administration of polylysine-Gd-DTPA, the reperfused intestine enhanced more than the normal one, giving a significantly better contrast-to-noise (CNR) ratio than on unenhanced images. Gd-DTPA induced the same enhancement of the reperfused and the normal intestine and the CNR was lower than on unenhanced T2-weighted images. Reperfused intestinal ischemia could thus be better detected on polylysine-Gd-DTPA-enhanced MR images than on unenhanced images or on Gd-DTPA-enhanced images.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mottet
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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23
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Grandin C, Van Beers BE, Demeure R, Goudemant JF, Mottet I, Pringot J. Comparison of gadolinium-DTPA and polylysine-gadolinium-DTPA--enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of hepatocarcinoma in the rat. Invest Radiol 1995; 30:572-81. [PMID: 8557496 DOI: 10.1097/00004424-199510000-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To compare the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA), a low-molecular-weight contrast agent, and polylysine-Gd-DTPA, a macromolecular contrast agent, in two types of hepatocarcinomas (HCC) in the rat. METHODS T1-weighted spin-echo images were obtained in 13 rats with chemically induced HCC and 26 rats with Novikoff HCC before and 3 minutes to 60 hours after administration of either Gd-DTPA or polylysine-Gd-DTPA. RESULTS Three minutes after polylysine-Gd-DTPA administration, the tumor-to-liver contrast of the two types of HCC increased significantly (positive contrast for chemically induced HCC and negative contrast for Novikoff HCC). At 30 minutes and 60 hours, the tumor-to-liver contrast remained above baseline values in chemically induced HCC and returned progressively to baseline values in Novikoff HCC. No significant increase in tumor-to-liver contrast was observed after Gd-DTPA administration. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that polylysine-Gd-DTPA provides a higher and more prolonged increase in tumor-to-liver contrast than Gd-DTPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Grandin
- Department of Radiology, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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24
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Van Beers BE, Mottet I, Delos M, Goudemant JF, Demeure R, Pringot J. Acute occlusive ischemia of the rat intestine: early detection by MR imaging with polylysine-Gd-DTPA enhancement. J Magn Reson Imaging 1995; 5:509-13. [PMID: 8574033 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.1880050505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the potential role of MR imaging with polylysine-Gd-DTPA enhancement in the early detection of acute occlusive intestinal ischemia in a rat model. After devascularization of the distal ileum in 12 rats, T2-weighted fast spin-echo MR images were acquired, followed by T1-weighted images before and after IV administration of 0.1 mmol/kg polylysine-Gd-DTPA. The signal intensity of the ischemic intestine did not differ significantly from that of the normal intestine before the administration of the contrast material. No mucosal or submucosal edema or hemorrhage was found in the ischemic intestine at histologic examination. After the administration of polylysine-Gd-DTPA, the ischemic intestine lacked enhancement and its signal intensity was significantly lower than that of the normal intestine. MR imaging with polylysine-Gd-DTPA enhancement can detect acute occlusive ischemia of the rat intestine at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Van Beers
- Department of Radiology, University of Louvain, St-Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
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25
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Goudemant JF, Lamalle L, Mottet I, Demeure R. A gating and triggering system dedicated to nuclear magnetic resonance studies of isolated perfused heart. MAGMA 1995; 3:95-8. [PMID: 7496891 DOI: 10.1007/bf01709852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This work reports a low-cost and versatile electronic device designed to trigger NMR acquisitions from the cardiac cycle of an isolated perfused heart, or to perform electrical stimulation of the heart. The triggering is synchronised with the pressure curve of the perfused heart. The cardiac pacing is achieved from pulses of the NMR system, or by an internal pulse generator, in order to be operated separately from the NMR instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Goudemant
- Département de Radiologie et d'Imagerie Médicale, Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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26
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van Elmbt LR, Keyeux A, Demeure R. Validation of automated brain contour determination in normal and abnormal cerebral single-photon emission tomography. Eur J Nucl Med 1995; 22:537-42. [PMID: 7556299 DOI: 10.1007/bf00817278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A contour detection algorithm for cerebral studies, using the method of Tomitani, has been implemented on a single-photon emission tomographic (SPET) system. It is based on the detetion by threshold of the brain edge in the sinogram and does not depend on the reconstruction algorithm. Thirteen normal subjects underwent an examination on both computed tomography (CT) and SPET using a head holder to ensure the reproducibility of the positioning. The CT scan contour of the brain was drawn manually according to the brain parenchyma limits. The SPET brain contour was obtained by use of the Tomitani algorithm after the threshold had been determined on an active cylindrical phantom. Using a threshold of 37% of the maximum uptake, the length of the contour as well as the area obtained with SPET and CT were not found to be statistically different. The method of Tomitani, which is simpler and faster then previous methods, provides contours which superimpose very well with CT scan images. Application to patients with unilateral pathological defects is possible by requiring that the contour is symmetrical.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R van Elmbt
- Center of Nuclear Medecine, Université Catholique de Louvain, School of Medicine, Brussels, Belgium
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27
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Maron A, Gustin T, Mottet I, Demeure R, Octave JN. Ganciclovir mediated regression of rat brain tumors expressing the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase imaged by magnetic resonance. J Neurooncol 1995; 24:259-65. [PMID: 7595756 DOI: 10.1007/bf01052842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Using a rat C6 brain tumor model, we studied the antitumor effects of Herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene transfer followed by ganciclovir treatment. C6 glioma cells were transfected in vitro with the HSV-tk gene, and tested for their sensitivity to ganciclovir. Although there was no surviving cell at a 30 microM ganciclovir concentration, unmodified C6 cells were not affected by the drug. For in vivo experiments, intracerebral tumors were induced in rats by stereotactic injection of 10(4) HSV-tk-modified C6 cells. Ten days later, the animals were treated with intraperitoneal injections of ganciclovir for 21 days. The tumors evolution was evaluated by high resolution magnetic resonance imaging. In 33% of the rats, the signal intensity of the tumors became heterogeneous, with development of highly hyperintense areas, and a complete tumor regression was subsequently noted. Histological examination of successfully treated tumors revealed progressive necrosis with formation of cysts. The survival time of the HSV-tk/ganciclovir treated animals was consistently increased, all rats surviving more than 30 days and 33% of them being still alive after 80 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maron
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Catholic University of Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
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28
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Mottet I, Demeure R, Gallez B, Grandin C, Van Beers BE, Pringot J. Experimental31p nmr study of the influence of ionic strength on the apparent dissociation constant of mgatp. MAGMA 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01753065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Van Beers BE, Grandin C, Pauwels S, Mottet I, Goudemant JF, Delos M, Demeure R, Pringot J. Gd-EOB-DTPA enhancement pattern of hepatocellular carcinomas in rats: comparison with Tc-99m-IDA uptake. J Magn Reson Imaging 1994; 4:351-4. [PMID: 8061433 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.1880040321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The enhancement pattern of chemically induced hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) after intravenous administration of the hepatobiliary magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent gadolinium-EOB-DTPA (ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) was compared with the uptake pattern of technetium-99m-labeled iminodiacetic acid (IDA), a hepatobiliary radioactive tracer. The hepatocyte uptake of both the contrast agent and the scintigraphic agent has been shown to be driven by the organic anion transporter. The tumors enhanced less than the liver after Gd-EOB-DTPA administration, whereas the Tc-99m-IDA uptake of differentiated HCCs exceeded that of the liver at 30 minutes and 3 hours after administration. The enhancement pattern of a differentiated HCC with Gd-EOB-DTPA does not mirror that seen with Tc-99m-IDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Van Beers
- Department of Radiology, University of Louvain, St-Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
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30
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Gallez B, Debuyst R, Dejehet F, De Keyser JL, Lacour V, Demeure R, Dumont P. Relaxivity and molecular dynamics of spin labeled polysaccharides. MAGMA 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01709801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
In this study, we report the synthesis and the evaluation as MRI contrast agent of arabinogalactan/pyrrolidinoxyl radicals (PCA) covalent adduct (SLAG:Spin Labelled ArabinoGalactan). Arabinogalactan was used as targeting device, as it is recognized by the asialoglycoprotein receptor specific to the hepatocytes. The higher relaxivity R1 in water of SLAG, compared with small hydrophilic nitroxyl radicals, was explained by the molecular dynamics study using EPR spectroscopy that showed some immobilization of the radical into the polysaccharide. A binding study on isolated hepatocytes revealed that SLAG still recognizes the asialoglycoprotein receptor. MR imaging was performed using spin-echo T1 weighted images on mice to compare the contrast effect obtained with SLAG and PCA after IV injection (1 mmol/kg free radical). The percent signal enhancement observed in the liver 5 min after IV injection was 40 +/- 3% and 13 +/- 5% for SLAG and PCA, respectively. The signal was also dramatically increased in the renal cortex. This latter effect as well as the prolonged duration of the contrast (+/- 3 h), indicates at least a partial nonselective biodistribution; the high concentration needed to obtain a contrast effect could account for the saturation of the asialoglycoprotein receptor and hence for the apparent nonselective biodistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gallez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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32
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Gallez B, Debuyst R, Demeure R, Dejehet F, Grandin C, Van Beers B, Taper H, Pringot J, Dumont P. Evaluation of a nitroxyl fatty acid as liver contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Med 1993; 30:592-9. [PMID: 8259059 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910300510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report the synthesis and the evaluation as MRI contrast agent of a new compound (nitroxyl fatty acid, NFA), where a pyrrolidinoxyl radical (3-carboxy-proxyl, PCA) is linked to a fatty acid moiety. Fatty acids were selected as vector because they present a high affinity for the liver, their efficient cellular uptake being the result of a specific interaction with a transmembrane transporter (liver plasma membrane-fatty acid binding protein). The uptake of 3H-oleic acid is inhibited after the injection of 1 mmol/kg of NFA, suggesting that NFA recognizes the same transmembrane transporter as the natural fatty acids. The higher relaxivity R1 of NFA in albumin solutions, compared with PCA, was explained by the immobilization of the nitroxyl radical in the protein. MR imaging was performed using T1-weighted images on mice in order to compare the contrast effect obtained after the injection of 1 mmol/kg of radical. The % signal enhancement in the liver 5 min after intravenous injection was 49 +/- 4 and 14 +/- 5 for NFA and PCA, respectively. NFA allowed a better delimitation of some necrotic tumors (Novikoff hepatocarcinoma) due to its preferential uptake by the nontumorous tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gallez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels
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33
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Van Beers B, Trigaux JP, Grandin C, Jamart J, Demeure R, Geubel A, Brenard R, Melange M, Dardenne AN, Pringot J. Regenerative Nodules in Hepatic Cirrhosis. Acta Radiol 1992. [DOI: 10.3109/02841859209173169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Van Beers B, Grandin C, Jamart J, Demeure R, Jacobsen TF, Pringot J. Magnetic resonance imaging of lower abdominal and pelvic lesions: assessment of oral magnetic particles as an intestinal contrast agent. Eur J Radiol 1992; 14:252-7. [PMID: 1563438 DOI: 10.1016/0720-048x(92)90097-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To determine the value of oral magnetic particles (OMP) as a superparamagnetic MR contrast agent for the gastrointestinal tract in lower abdominal and pelvic lesions, 30 patients underwent spin-echo imaging before and after ingestion of OMP at a dose of approximately 80 mg of iron in 800 ml water. The preparation was divided into four portions and taken by the patient over a 2-h period. Two readers independently reviewed the MR images. The contrast material was well tolerated and the distribution of the contrast material was good to excellent in the proximal and pelvic small bowel, but was not sufficient in the colon with the dose and timing used in the study. Postcontrast images showed a significantly better delineation of the lesions, the small bowel, and the paraaortic region, but no significant improvement in the delineation of the colon, the iliac vessels area, the bladder or genital tract. Compared with precontrast images, confidence in defining or excluding disease on postcontrast images was better, equal or worse in 40, 60 and 0% of cases, respectively (P less than 0.001) with a substantial agreement between readers (kappa = 0.71). OMP produced susceptibility artefacts of significant intensity in only one case. These results indicate that OMP may be useful in the delineation of lower abdominal and pelvic lesions at MR imaging. Marking of the colon by a contrast agent might improve the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Van Beers
- Department of Radiology, Cliniques Universitaires de Mont-Godinne, Yvoir, Belgium
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35
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Van Beers B, Trigaux JP, Grandin C, Jamart J, Demeure R, Geubel A, Brenard R, Melange M, Dardenne AN, Pringot J. Regenerative nodules in hepatic cirrhosis. Value of gradient-echo MR imaging with a surface coil. Acta Radiol 1992; 33:245-50. [PMID: 1591127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the accuracy of surface coil gradient-echo (GRE) imaging in the detection of regenerative nodules of hepatic cirrhosis, 53 patients with diffuse liver disease, among whom 31 had cirrhosis, were prospectively investigated. Three GRE sequences acquired with a surface coil were used in the study: a T2*-weighted, a T1-weighted, and a gadopentetate-enhanced sequence. ROC analysis showed that two surface coil GRE sequences were superior to conventional T2-weighted spin-echo imaging acquired with a body coil for the detection of regenerative nodules. The detection of regenerative nodules was also more accurate for the diagnosis of cirrhosis than the measurement of the caudate-to-right lobe ratio. These results suggest that there could be a potential for surface coil GRE imaging in the assessment of the characteristic macroscopic alterations of cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Van Beers
- Department of Radiology, Mont-Godinne University Hospital, Yvoir, Belgium
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Gallez B, Demeure R, Debuyst R, Leonard D, Dejehet F, Dumont P. Evaluation of nonionic nitroxyl lipids as potential organ-specific contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 1992; 10:445-55. [PMID: 1406094 DOI: 10.1016/0730-725x(92)90516-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Considering their intrinsic properties of accumulation in the hepatic tissue, we have synthesized nitroxyl-containing lipids as potential organ-specific contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Their resistance to reduction by ascorbate and in liver homogenates, and their relaxivity in different media were investigated and compared to those of free carboxyl-Proxyl (3-carboxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl) and Tempamaine (4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl). With respect to the reduction rates by ascorbate, the lipid derivatives show the same well-known order of reactivity as carboxy-Proxyl and Tempamine, the five-membered nitroxyls being more stable than the six-membered compounds. However the binding of the piperidinoxyl compounds to the fatty acids confers to those lipid derivatives a markedly increased stability. Similarly, in liver homogenates, the nitroxyl lipids remained unchanged more than 20 min, contrarily to carboxy-Proxyl and Tempamine. The measurements of spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) in biological media have demonstrated a higher relaxivity of nitroxyl lipids, which can be related to their interaction with proteins. Tested in vivo, one of the synthesized compounds (0.75 mmol/kg) produced an enhancement of 44 +/- 12% of the hepatic signal 5 min after intraportal injection in T1-weighted images. The potential applicability of the other nitroxyl lipids as contrast agents for MRI was limited in the in vivo studies by an unexpected toxicity. Work is currently in progress to improve the therapeutic index of the present class of nitroxyl lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gallez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Van Beers B, Trigaux JP, Grandin C, Jamart J, Demeure R, Geubel A, Brenard R, Melange M, Dardenne AN, Pringot J. Regenerative Nodules in Hepatic Cirrhosis. Acta Radiol 1992. [DOI: 10.1080/02841859209173169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Van Beers B, Demeure R, Pringot J, Defalque D, Geubel A, Gigot JF, Jamart J. Dynamic spin-echo imaging with Gd-DTPA: value in the differentiation of hepatic tumors. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1990; 154:515-9. [PMID: 2154913 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.154.3.2154913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Thirty patients with hemangiomas (n = 6), benign liver cell tumors (n = 7), and primary or metastatic malignant tumors of the liver (n = 17) underwent dynamic MR imaging with Gd-DTPA to determine the value of the procedure in the differentiation of hepatic tumors. The diagnoses were proved by histology or follow-up. Hemangiomas had a significantly greater mean T2 value (192.1 +/- 34.8 msec) than did both benign liver cell tumors (71.9 +/- 16.9 msec; p less than .01) and primary or metastatic malignant tumors (79.7 +/- 21.2 msec; p less than .01), but the T2 values of benign liver cell tumors and malignant tumors were not significantly different. Both hemangiomas and benign liver cell tumors had a significantly greater mean signal-intensity ratio (1.86 +/- 0.60 and 1.77 +/- 0.26, respectively) than did malignant tumors (1.04 +/- 0.34; p less than .01) in the early phase after Gd-DTPA administration, and hemangiomas had a significantly greater signal-intensity ratio (1.59 +/- 0.21) than did both benign liver cell tumors (1.21 +/- 0.08; p less than .01) and malignant tumors (1.06 +/- 0.26; p less than .01) in the delayed phase. These results suggest that dynamic MR images obtained after administration of Gd-DTPA are useful in differentiating hepatic hemangiomas, benign liver cell tumors, and malignant liver lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Van Beers
- Department of Radiology, Louvain University, St. Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
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Hulcelle P, Dooms G, Demeure R, Mathurin P, Cornelis G. Cervical myelopathy: MRI evaluation of cord compression. J Belge Radiol 1990; 73:15-9. [PMID: 2318795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In order to assess the consequences of cervical spinal cord compression in cervical myelopathy, MRI measurements of the sagittal diameter of the cervical spinal cord were obtained in 50 normal volunteers and 50 patients suffering from cervical myelopathy. Whatever the degree of stenosis, the values obtained in the latter group are significantly inferior to those of the normal control group (average mean diameter: normal group: 8.2 mm; cervical myelopathy: 6.2 mm).
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hulcelle
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital de Jolimont, Haine-St-Paul, Belgique
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