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Freitas FA, Levy D, Reichert CO, Lima-Barros P, Sampaio-Silva J, Rokita-Rosa L, Bydlowski SP. BONE MARROW MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS DERIVED FROM HEALTHY DONORS BUT NOT THOSE DERIVED FROM ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA PATIENTS ARE ABLE TO AFFECT PROLIFERATION AND DEATH OF LEUKEMIC CELL LINEAGES K562 AND K562 LUCENA. Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Levy D, Mello L, Giglio PN, Centurion P, Vasquez MWM, Lopes LA, Bydlowski SP, Demange MK. ONE S.T.E.P. TECHNIQUETM IS EFFICIENT IN HARVESTING MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS FROM HUMAN ADIPOSE TISSUE. Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jensen L, Neri E, Bassaneze V, De Almeida Oliveira NC, Dariolli R, Turaça LT, Levy D, Veronez D, Ferraz MSA, Alencar AM, Bydlowski SP, Cestari IA, Krieger JE. Integrated molecular, biochemical, and physiological assessment unravels key extraction method mediated influences on rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5420-5430. [PMID: 29219187 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal cardiomyocytes are instrumental for disease modeling, but the effects of different cell extraction methods on basic cell biological processes remain poorly understood. We assessed the influence of two popular methods to extract rat neonatal cardiomyocytes, Pre-plating (PP), and Percoll (PC) on cell structure, metabolism, and function. Cardiomyocytes obtained from PP showed higher gene expression for troponins, titin, and potassium and sodium channels compared to PC. Also, PP cells displayed higher levels of troponin I protein. Cells obtained from PC displayed higher lactate dehydrogenase activity and lactate production than PP cells, indicating higher anaerobic metabolism after 8 days of culture. In contrast, reactive oxygen species levels were higher in PP cells as indicated by ethidium and hydroxyethidium production. Consistent with these data, protein nitration was higher in PP cells, as well as nitrite accumulation in cell medium. Moreover, PP cells showed higher global intracellular calcium under basal and 1 mM isoprenaline conditions. In a calcium-transient assessment under electrical stimulation (0.5 Hz), PP cells displayed higher calcium amplitude than cardiomyocytes obtained from PC and using a traction force microscope technique we observed that PP cardiomyocytes showed the highest relaxation. Collectively, we demonstrated that extraction methods influence parameters related to cell structure, metabolism, and function. Overall, PP derived cells are more active and mature than PC cells, displaying higher contractile function and generating more reactive oxygen species. On the other hand, PC derived cells display higher anaerobic metabolism, despite comparable high yields from both protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Jensen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology/LIM 13, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elida Neri
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology/LIM 13, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Bassaneze
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology/LIM 13, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalia C De Almeida Oliveira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology/LIM 13, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Dariolli
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology/LIM 13, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lauro T Turaça
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology/LIM 13, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora Levy
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Hematology/LIM 31, Clinics Hospital (HC), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Douglas Veronez
- Bioengineering Division, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana S A Ferraz
- Laboratory of Microrheology and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano M Alencar
- Laboratory of Microrheology and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sérgio P Bydlowski
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Hematology/LIM 31, Clinics Hospital (HC), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Idágene A Cestari
- Bioengineering Division, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology/LIM 13, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
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Levy D, de Melo TC, Ruiz JL, Bydlowski SP. Oxysterols and mesenchymal stem cell biology. Chem Phys Lipids 2017; 207:223-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Levy D, Bertoldi ERM, Ruiz JLM, Pereira J, Bydlowski SP. Presence of t(14;18) translocation in healthy individuals varies according to ethnic background in the Brazilian population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e6172. [PMID: 28591381 PMCID: PMC5463534 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20176172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Several groups have demonstrated that healthy individuals can present the t(14;18) translocation. In this report, the presence of the translocation was examined in healthy blood donors in Brazil, a country considered an ethnic melting pot. The translocation was detected by nested PCR in 227 peripheral blood samples from individuals with different ethnic backgrounds. The t(14;18) translocation was found in 45 of 85 White individuals (52.94%); in 57 of 72 Black individuals (79.17%); and in 68 of 70 individuals (97.14%) of Japanese-descent. In conclusion, the frequency of the t(14;18) translocation in the Brazilian population varies according to the ethnic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Levy
- Laboratório de Genética e Hematologia Molecular (LIM31), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - E R M Bertoldi
- Laboratório de Genética e Hematologia Molecular (LIM31), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - J L M Ruiz
- Universidade Federal da Integracão Latino-Americana, Porto Belo, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brasil
| | - J Pereira
- Laboratório de Genética e Hematologia Molecular (LIM31), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - S P Bydlowski
- Laboratório de Genética e Hematologia Molecular (LIM31), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Maeda NY, Clavé MM, Bydlowski SP, Lopes AA. Decreased circulating thrombomodulin is improved by tadalafil therapy in hypoxemic patients with advanced pulmonary arterial hypertension. Thromb Res 2016; 146:15-19. [PMID: 27564658 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Advanced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients with congenital cardiac communications and right-to-left shunting (Eisenmenger syndrome - PAH-ES) is associated with hypoxemia and decreased circulating levels of thrombomodulin (TM), probably reflecting decreased endothelial TM production. The combination of these two factors has been shown to induce fibrin deposition, with increased risk of thrombosis, a well known complication in this syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS We tested the hypothesis that vasodilator therapy with the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor tadalafil, an approved drug for management of PAH could improve endothelial dysfunction markers, in particular plasma TM, in addition to improving the physical capacity (expected effect of pulmonary vasodilatation) in PAH-ES patients. This was a prospective observational study of treatment-naïve patients subjected to specific PAH therapy. Fifteen patients aged 12 to 51years (median 30years) were treated for 6months with a single daily dose of 40mg oral tadalafil. The physical capacity (distance walked during the 6-min walk test - 6MWD), systemic oxygen saturation and laboratory parameters were measured at baseline, and 90days and 180days of treatment. RESULTS Plasma TM, which was decreased at baseline compared to controls (p<0.001) increased at 90 and 180days (p=0.003), and this was directly related (r=0.57, p=0.026) to improvement of oxygen saturation (p=0.008). Heightened baseline tissue-type plasminogen activator decreased during treatment (p=0.010), while heightened von Willebrand factor antigen remained unchanged. The 6MWD improved significantly (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Tadalafil therapy improved circulating TM and tissue-type plasminogen activator, in addition to improving the physical capacity and oxygen saturation in PAH-ES patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Y Maeda
- Pró-Sangue Foundation, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M M Clavé
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S P Bydlowski
- University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A A Lopes
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Abstract
Pulmonary arterial thrombosis (PAT) may complicate the clinical course of pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (so-called Eisenmenger syndrome, ES). In this study, variables were sought that could represent risk factors for the occurrence of this complication. Twenty patients aged 11 to 53 (median, 33) years were studied. The presence of PAT (spiral computed tomography angiography) was correlated with age, gender group, PAP, hematocrit, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and plasma levels of endothelial and coagulation dysfunction markers: von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF: Ag), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), and D-dimer (enzyme immunoassay). Patients were classified according to the presence (group 1, N=7), or absence (group 2, N=13) of PAT. Group 1 patients were older (42±8 vs. 27±10 years in group 2, p=0.0051), had lower SpO2 (82±7% vs. 89±6% in group 2, p=0.0462) and increased D-dimer levels (637 vs. 149 ng/mL in group 2, median values, p=0.0235). A trend was observed toward an increase in vWF: Ag (125±29 vs. 103±18 U/dL in group 2, p=0.0789) and t-PA (15.7 vs. 9.4 ng/mL in group 2, median values, p=0.0689). Age was the main variable influencing the occurrence of PAT in multivariate analysis (p=0.0026), with odds ratio of 1.204 per year. The age of 35 years was 86% sensitive and 85% specific for occurrence of PAT. Age correlated positively with t-PA (r=0.57, p=0.0111). Thus, PAT is highly prevalent in ES as an age-dependent event, probably associated with endothelial dysfunction. Prophylactic anticoagulation should be considered before the age of 30 years, in particular in subjects with low SpO2 and increased D-dimer levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcia H Caramuru
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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de Azevedo RA, Figueiredo CR, Ferreira AK, Matsuo AL, Massaoka MH, Girola N, Auada AVV, Farias CF, Pasqualoto KFM, Rodrigues CP, Barbuto JA, Levy D, Bydlowski SP, de Sá-Junior PL, Travassos LR, Lebrun I. Mastoparan induces apoptosis in B16F10-Nex2 melanoma cells via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway and displays antitumor activity in vivo. Peptides 2015; 68:113-9. [PMID: 25305549 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mastoparan is an α-helical and amphipathic tetradecapeptide obtained from the venom of the wasp Vespula lewisii. This peptide exhibits a wide variety of biological effects, including antimicrobial activity, increased histamine release from mast cells, induction of a potent mitochondrial permeability transition and tumor cell cytotoxicity. Here, the effects of mastoparan in malignant melanoma were studied using the murine model of B16F10-Nex2 cells. In vitro, mastoparan caused melanoma cell death by the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, as evidenced by the Annexin V-FITC/PI assay, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), generation of reactive oxygen species, DNA degradation and cell death signaling. Most importantly, mastoparan reduced the growth of subcutaneous melanoma in syngeneic mice and increased their survival. The present results show that mastoparan induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in melanoma cells through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway protecting the mice against tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos R Figueiredo
- Experimental Oncology Unit (UNONEX), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adilson K Ferreira
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alisson L Matsuo
- Experimental Oncology Unit (UNONEX), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana H Massaoka
- Experimental Oncology Unit (UNONEX), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia Girola
- Experimental Oncology Unit (UNONEX), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline V V Auada
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, SP, Brazil
| | - Camyla F Farias
- Experimental Oncology Unit (UNONEX), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Cecília P Rodrigues
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José A Barbuto
- Cell and Molecular Therapy Center NUCEL-NETCEM, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Debora Levy
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Hematology (LIM31), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, SP, Brazil
| | - Sérgio P Bydlowski
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Hematology (LIM31), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz R Travassos
- Experimental Oncology Unit (UNONEX), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ivo Lebrun
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, SP, Brazil
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Godoy CRT, Levy D, Giampaoli V, Chamone DAF, Bydlowski SP, Pereira J. Circulating endothelial cells are increased in chronic myeloid leukemia blast crisis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:509-14. [PMID: 25831205 PMCID: PMC4470309 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20153646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We measured circulating endothelial precursor cells (EPCs), activated circulating
endothelial cells (aCECs), and mature circulating endothelial cells (mCECs) using
four-color multiparametric flow cytometry in the peripheral blood of 84 chronic
myeloid leukemia (CML) patients and 65 healthy controls; and vascular endothelial
growth factor (VEGF) by quantitative real-time PCR in 50 CML patients and 32 healthy
controls. Because of an increase in mCECs, the median percentage of CECs in CML blast
crisis (0.0146%) was significantly higher than in healthy subjects (0.0059%,
P<0.01) and in the accelerated phase (0.0059%, P=0.01). There were no significant
differences in the percentages of CECs in chronic- or active-phase patients and
healthy subjects (P>0.05). In addition, VEGF gene expression was significantly
higher in all phases of CML: 0.245 in blast crisis, 0.320 in the active phase, and
0.330 in chronic phase patients than it was in healthy subjects (0.145). In
conclusion, CML in blast crisis had increased levels of CECs and
VEGF gene expression, which may serve as markers of disease
progression and may become targets for the management of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R T Godoy
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - D Levy
- Laboratório de Genética e Hematologia Molecular, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - V Giampaoli
- Departamento de Estatística, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - D A F Chamone
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - S P Bydlowski
- Laboratório de Genética e Hematologia Molecular, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - J Pereira
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Maselli LMF, Levy D, Laporta GZ, Monteiro AM, Fukuya LA, Ferreira-da-Cruz MF, Daniel-Ribeiro CT, Dorlhiac-Llacer PE, Sallum MAM, Bydlowski SP. Detection of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax subclinical infection in non-endemic region: implications for blood transfusion and malaria epidemiology. Malar J 2014; 13:224. [PMID: 24906577 PMCID: PMC4059091 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Brazil, malaria is endemic in the Amazon River basin and non-endemic in the extra-Amazon region, which includes areas of São Paulo state. In this state, a number of autochthonous cases of malaria occur annually, and the prevalence of subclinical infection is unknown. Asymptomatic infections may remain undetected, maintaining transmission of the pathogen, including by blood transfusion. In these report it has been described subclinical Plasmodium infection in blood donors from a blood transfusion centre in São Paulo, Brazil. Methods In this cross-sectional study, representative samples of blood were obtained from 1,108 healthy blood donors at the Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo, the main blood transfusion centre in São Paulo. Malaria exposure was defined by the home region (exposed: forest region; non-exposed: non-forest region). Real-time PCR was used to detect Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Subclinical malaria cases were geo-referenced. Results Eighty-four (7.41%) blood donors tested positive for Plasmodium; 57 of these were infected by P. falciparum, 25 by P. vivax, and 2 by both. The prevalence of P. falciparum and P. vivax was 5.14 and 2.26, respectively. The overall prevalence ratio (PR) was 3.23 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.03, 5.13); P. falciparum PR was 16.11 (95% CI 5.87, 44.21) and P. vivax PR was 0.47 (95% CI 0.2, 1.12). Plasmodium falciparum subclinical malaria infection in the Atlantic Forest domain was present in the mountain regions while P. vivax infection was observed in cities from forest-surrounded areas. Conclusions The presence of Plasmodium in healthy blood donors from a region known as non-endemic, which is important in the context of transfusion biosafety, was described. Infected recipients may become asymptomatic carriers and a reservoir for parasites, maintaining their transmission. Furthermore, P. falciparum PR was positively associated with the forest environment, and P. vivax was associated with forest fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sérgio P Bydlowski
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Hematology (LIM31), University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Av, Dr, Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 155 - 1st floor - room 43, São Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.
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Soares RPS, Bydlowski SP, Nascimento NM, Thomaz AM, Bastos ENM, Lopes AA. Plasmatic ADAMTS-13 metalloprotease and von Willebrand factor in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease. Braz J Med Biol Res 2013; 46:375-81. [PMID: 23558858 PMCID: PMC3854409 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20122603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in plasma von Willebrand factor concentration (VWF:Ag) and ADAMTS-13 activity
(the metalloprotease that cleaves VWF physiologically) have been reported in several
cardiovascular disorders with prognostic implications. We therefore determined the
level of these proteins in the plasma of children with cyanotic congenital heart
disease (CCHD) undergoing surgical treatment. Forty-eight children were enrolled (age
0.83 to 7.58 years). Measurements were performed at baseline and 48 h after surgery.
ELISA, collagen-binding assays and Western blotting were used to estimate antigenic
and biological activities, and proteolysis of VWF multimers. Preoperatively, VWF:Ag
and ADAMTS-13 activity were decreased (65 and 71% of normal levels considered as 113
(105-129) U/dL and 91 ± 24% respectively, P < 0.003) and correlated (r = 0.39, P =
0.0064). High molecular weight VWF multimers were not related, suggesting an
interaction of VWF with cell membranes, followed by proteolytic cleavage. A low
preoperative ADAMTS-13 activity, a longer activated partial thromboplastin time and
the need for cardiopulmonary bypass correlated with postoperative bleeding (P <
0.05). Postoperatively, ADAMTS-13 activity increased but less extensively than VWF:Ag
(respectively, 2.23 and 2.83 times baseline, P < 0.0001), resulting in an
increased VWF:Ag/ADAMTS-13 activity ratio (1.20 to 1.54, respectively, pre- and
postoperative median values, P = 0.0029). ADAMTS-13 consumption was further confirmed
by decreased ADAMTS-13 antigenic concentration (0.91 ± 0.30 to 0.70 ± 0.25 µg/mL, P
< 0.0001) and persistent proteolysis of VWF multimers. We conclude that, in
pediatric CCHD, changes in circulating ADAMTS-13 suggest enzyme consumption,
associated with abnormal structure and function of VWF.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P S Soares
- Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Soares RPS, Bydlowski SP, Jatene MB, Hironaka JF, Lopes AA. Decreased plasma ADAMTS-13 activity as a predictor of postoperative bleeding in cyanotic congenital heart disease. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2013; 68:531-6. [PMID: 23778350 PMCID: PMC3634953 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2013(04)15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the preoperative plasma antigenic concentration and activity of von Willebrand factor and its main cleaving protease ADAMTS-13 in pediatric patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease undergoing surgical treatment and investigate possible correlations with postoperative bleeding. METHODS Plasma antigenic concentrations (von Willebrand factor:Ag and ADAMTS-13:Ag) were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassays. Collagen-binding assays were developed to measure biological activities (von Willebrand factor:collagen binding and ADAMTS-13 activity). The multimeric structure of von Willebrand factor was analyzed using Western immunoblotting. Demographic, diagnostic, and general and specific laboratory data and surgery-related variables were subjected to univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis for the prediction of postoperative bleeding. RESULTS Forty-eight patients were enrolled, with ages ranging from 9 months to 7.6 years (median 2.5 years). The plasma concentrations of von Willebrand factor:Ag and ADAMTS-13:Ag were decreased by 65 and 82%, respectively, in the patients compared with the controls (p<0.001). An increased density of low-molecular-weight fractions of von Willebrand factor, which are suggestive of proteolytic degradation (p = 0.0081), was associated with decreased ADAMTS-13 activity, which was likely due to ADAMTS-13 consumption (71% of controls, p = 0.0029) and decreased von Willebrand factor:collagen binding (76% of controls, p = 0.0004). Significant postoperative bleeding occurred in 13 patients. The preoperative ADAMTS-13 activity of <64.6% (mean level for the group), preoperative activated partial thromboplastin time, and the need for cardiopulmonary bypass were characterized as independent risk factors for postoperative bleeding, with respective hazard ratios of 22.35 (95% CI 1.69 to 294.79), 1.096 (95% CI 1.016 to 1.183), and 37.43 (95% CI 1.79 to 782.73). CONCLUSION Low plasma ADAMTS-13 activity is a risk factor for postoperative bleeding in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease, particularly in children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Santana AC, Dellê H, Cavaglieri RC, Lopes MAB, Francisco RPV, Zugaib M, Bydlowski SP, Noronha IL. Protective effects of human amniotic fluid stem cells in a model of aorta allograft vasculopathy in rats. Transplant Proc 2013; 44:2490-4. [PMID: 23026627 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is an important cause of graft loss. Considering the immune inflammatory events involved in the development of CAV, therapeutic approaches to target this process are of relevance. Human amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (hAFSCs), a class of fetal, pluripotent stem cells with intermediate characteristics between embryonic and adult stem cells, display immunomodulatory properties. hAFSCs express mesenchymal and embryonic markers, show high proliferation rates; however, they do not induce tumor formation, and their use does not raise ethical issues. Thus, we sought to investigate the effect of hAFSC on CAV in a model of aorta transplantation. METHODS Orthotopic aorta transplantation was performed using Fisher (F344) rats as donors and Lewis rats as recipients. Rats were divided into three groups: syngeneic (SYNG), untreated F344 receiving aorta from F344 (n = 8); allogeneic (ALLO), Lewis rats receiving allogeneic aorta from F344 (n = 8); and ALLO + hAFSC, ALLO rats treated with hAFSC (10(6) cells; n = 8). Histological analysis and immunohistochemistry were performed 30 days posttransplantation. RESULTS The ALLO group developed a robust aortic neointimal formation (208.7 ± 25.4 μm) accompanied by a significant high number of ED1+ (4845 ± 841 cells/mm2) and CD43+ cells (4064 ± 563 cells/mm2), and enhanced expression of α-smooth muscle actin in the neointima (25 ± 6%). Treatment with hAFSC diminished neointimal thickness (180.7 ± 23.7 μm) and induced a significant decrease of ED1+ (1100 ± 276 cells/mm2), CD43+ cells (1080 ± 309 cells/μm2), and α-smooth muscle actin expression 8 ± 3% in the neointima. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary results showed that hAFSC suppressed inflammation and myofibroblast migration to the intima, which may contribute to ameliorate vascular changes in CAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Santana
- Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Pereira J, Levy D, Ruiz JLM, Brocardo GA, Ferreira KA, Costa RO, Queiroz RG, Maria DA, Neto AEH, Chamone DAF, Bydlowski SP. Azidothymidine is effective against human multiple myeloma: a new use for an old drug? Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2013; 13:186-192. [PMID: 22931421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Azidothymidine (AZT) is an antiretroviral drug that affects cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the NF-κB pathway. As multiple myeloma (MM) presents with constitutive activation of NF-κB, we analyzed the effect of AZT on human MM cell lines. We evaluated the cytotoxic effect of AZT in human MM cell lines sensitive (8226/S) or resistant to doxorubicin (8226/DX5) and human T cell lymphoblast-like cells, uterine sarcoma cells, and HUVEC using MTT assay. Cytotoxicity was also evaluated in vivo in nude mice xenografted with 8226/S tumor. The effect of AZT on the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and the NF-κB pathway was analyzed in the xenografts using real-time polymerase chain reaction. AZT was effective against both 8226/S and 8226/DX5 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner (p = 0.02) in vitro and promoted cell cycle arrest in S phase in these cells. The tumor volume was lower in mice treated with AZT compared to untreated mice (p = 0.0003). AZT down-regulated the pro-proliferative genes encoding AKT1, MYC, STAT1, MAPK8, MAPK9, CCL-3, Bcl-3, and cyclin D2; pro-angiogenenic genes encoding VEGF and IL8; and genes involved in cell adhesion (ICAM1 and FN1) and the NF-κB pathway. AZT up-regulated the expression of tumor suppressor gene FOXP1 and the pro-apoptotic genes encoding BID, Bcl-10, and caspase-8. Thus, we demonstrated the cytotoxic effect of AZT in human MM cell lines for the first time. Our data may provide the rationale for future clinical trials of AZT for treating MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Hematology, LIM 31, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
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15
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Lopes AA, Barreto AC, Maeda NY, Cícero C, Soares RPS, Bydlowski SP, Rich S. Plasma von Willebrand factor as a predictor of survival in pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease. Braz J Med Biol Res 2011; 44:1269-75. [PMID: 22068906 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2011007500149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers have been identified for pulmonary arterial hypertension, but are less well defined for specific etiologies such as congenital heart disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (CHDPAH). We measured plasma levels of eight microvascular dysfunction markers in CHDPAH, and tested for associations with survival. A cohort of 46 inoperable CHDPAH patients (age 15.0 to 60.2 years, median 33.5 years, female:male 29:17) was prospectively followed for 0.7 to 4.0 years (median 3.6 years). Plasma levels of von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and its inhibitor (PAI-1), P-selectin, reactive C-protein, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-6 and -10 were measured at baseline, and at 30, 90, and 180 days in all subjects. Levels of six of the eight proteins were significantly increased in patients versus controls (13 to 106% increase, P < 0.003). Interleukin-10 level was 2.06 times normal (P = 0.0003; Th2 cytokine response). Increased levels of four proteins (t-PA, PAI-1, P-selectin, and interleukin-6) correlated with disease severity indices (P < 0.05). Seven patients died during follow-up. An average VWF:Ag (mean of four determinations) above the level corresponding to the 95th percentile of controls (139 U/dL) was independently associated with a high risk of death (hazard ratio = 6.56, 95%CI = 1.46 to 29.4, P = 0.014). Thus, in CHDPAH, microvascular dysfunction appears to involve Th2 inflammatory response. Of the biomarkers studied, plasma vWF:Ag was independently associated with survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Lopes
- Instituto do Coração, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
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16
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Favero GM, Maranhão RC, Maria DA, Levy D, Bydlowski SP. Synthetic nanoemulsion resembling a protein-free model of 7-ketocholesterol containing low density lipoprotein: In vitro and in vivo studies. Biol Res 2011; 43:439-444. [PMID: 21526270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
7-ketocholesterol (7-KC) differs from cholesterol by a functional ketone group at C7. It is an oxygenated cholesterol derivative (oxysterol), commonly present in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Oxysterols are generated and participate in several physiologic and pathophysiologic processes. For instance, the cytotoxic effects of oxidized LDL have been widely attributed to bioactive compounds like oxysterols. The toxicity is in part due to 7-KC. Here we aimed to demonstrate the possibility of incorporating 7-KC into the synthetic nanoemulsion LDE, which resembles LDL in composition and behavior. This would provide a suitable artificial particle resembling LDL to study 7-KC metabolism. We were able to incorporate 7-KC in several amounts into LDE. The incorporation was evaluated and confirmed by several methods, including gel filtration chromatography, using radiolabeled lipids. The incorporation did not change the main lipid composition characteristics of the new nanoparticle. Particle sizes were also evaluated and did not differ from LDE. In vivo studies were performed by injecting the nanoemulsion into mice. The plasma kinetics and the targeted organs were the same as described for LDE. Therefore, 7-KC-LDE maintains composition, size and some functional characteristics of LDE and could be used in experiments dealing with 7-ketocholesterol metabolism in lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovani M Favero
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar 155, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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17
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Levy D, Bellesso M, Oliveira-Souza P, Maciel FV, Pereira J, Bydlowski SP. The H/R FcγRIIA-131 polymorphism and survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with R-CHOP: a study in a genetically mixed population. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2011; 66:919-22. [PMID: 21789402 PMCID: PMC3109397 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322011000500034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Female
- Genotype
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/mortality
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
- Prednisone/administration & dosage
- Receptors, IgG/genetics
- Rituximab
- Survival Analysis
- Treatment Outcome
- Vincristine/administration & dosage
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Levy
- Department of Hematology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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18
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Oliveira TV, Maniero F, Santos MHH, Bydlowski SP, Maranhão RC. Impact of high cholesterol intake on tissue cholesterol content and lipid transfers to high-density lipoprotein. Nutrition 2010; 27:713-8. [PMID: 20934854 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2010.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Esterified cholesterol is the storage form of cholesterol in the organism. High-density lipoprotein (HDL), where free cholesterol is transferred from other lipoproteins and tissues, is the main esterification site in plasma. The aim of this study was to investigate how high cholesterol intake changes free/esterified ratios of cholesterol in the plasma, aorta, liver and lipid transfers to HDL. METHODS Twenty male Golden Syrian hamsters fed 0.5% cholesterol for 15 wk and 19 controls without cholesterol feeding were sacrificed to determine serum lipids, transfer proteins (cholesteryl ester transfer protein and phospholipid transfer protein), and amount of free and esterified cholesterol in the aorta and liver. In vitro transfer of radioactive free and esterified cholesterol, phospholipids, and triacylglycerols to HDL was performed by incubating whole plasma with an artificial nanoemulsion used as a lipid donor and measuring radioactivity in the HDL fraction after chemical precipitation of non-HDL fractions and of the nanoemulsion. RESULTS Compared with controls, cholesterol-fed animals showed a 137% increase in non-HDL plasma fraction and a 61% increase in HDL (P < 0.001). The esterified/free cholesterol ratio in non-HDL and HDL fractions did not change. In the aorta, free cholesterol increased 55% and the esterified/free ratio (0.2) decreased. Cholesterol accumulation in the liver was several-fold greater and esterified/free increased (1.3). Cholesterol feeding pronouncedly increased the transfer of free and esterified cholesterol, phospholipids, and triacylglycerols to HDL and cholesteryl ester transfer protein and phospholipid transfer protein activities. CONCLUSIONS Free cholesterol is cytotoxic and less stable than esterified cholesterol, and the present data on how the organism responds to high cholesterol intake with respect to esterified/free ratios in the plasma, aorta, liver, and lipid transfers to HDL may have physiopathologic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane V Oliveira
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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19
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Maeda NY, Carvalho JH, Otake AH, Mesquita SM, Bydlowski SP, Lopes AA. Platelet protease-activated receptor 1 and membrane expression of P-selectin in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Thromb Res 2010; 125:38-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2009.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2009] [Revised: 04/16/2009] [Accepted: 04/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Favero GM, Maranhão RC, Maria DA, Levy D, Bydlowski SP. Synthetic nanoemulsion resembling a protein-free model of 7-ketocholesterol containing low density lipoprotein: In vitro and in vivo studies. Biol Res 2010. [DOI: 10.4067/s0716-97602010000400008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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21
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Pena SDJ, Bastos-Rodrigues L, Pimenta JR, Bydlowski SP. DNA tests probe the genomic ancestry of Brazilians. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 42:870-6. [PMID: 19738982 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2009005000026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 08/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We review studies from our laboratories using different molecular tools to characterize the ancestry of Brazilians in reference to their Amerindian, European and African roots. Initially we used uniparental DNA markers to investigate the contribution of distinct Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA lineages to present-day populations. High levels of genetic admixture and strong directional mating between European males and Amerindian and African females were unraveled. We next analyzed different types of biparental autosomal polymorphisms. Especially useful was a set of 40 insertion-deletion polymorphisms (indels) that when studied worldwide proved exquisitely sensitive in discriminating between Amerindians, Europeans and Sub-Saharan Africans. When applied to the study of Brazilians these markers confirmed extensive genomic admixture, but also demonstrated a strong imprint of the massive European immigration wave in the 19th and 20th centuries. The high individual ancestral variability observed suggests that each Brazilian has a singular proportion of Amerindian, European and African ancestries in his mosaic genome. In Brazil, one cannot predict the color of persons from their genomic ancestry nor the opposite. Brazilians should be assessed on a personal basis, as 190 million human beings, and not as members of color groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D J Pena
- GENE, Núcleo de Genética Médica, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
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22
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Ruiz MA, Bydlowski SP, Seber A. Terapia celular é a medicina do futuro? Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2009. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-84842009000700001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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23
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Aléssio AC, Siqueira LH, Bydlowski SP, Höehr NF, Annichino-Bizzacchi JM. Polymorphisms in theCBSgene and homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12levels: Association with polymorphisms in theMTHFRandMTRRgenes in Brazilian children. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:2598-602. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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24
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Gonçalves VF, Carvalho CMB, Bortolini MC, Bydlowski SP, Pena SDJ. The phylogeography of African Brazilians. Hum Hered 2007; 65:23-32. [PMID: 17652961 DOI: 10.1159/000106059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2007] [Accepted: 05/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Approximately four million Africans were taken as slaves to Brazil, where they interbred extensively with Amerindians and Europeans. We have previously shown that while most White Brazilians carry Y chromosomes of European origin, they display high proportions of African and Amerindian mtDNA lineages, because of sex-biased genetic admixture. METHODS We studied the Y chromosome and mtDNA haplogroup structure of 120 Black males from Sao Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS Only 48% of the Y chromosomes, but 85% of the mtDNA haplogroups were characteristic of sub-Saharan Africa, confirming our previous observation of sexually biased mating. We mined literature data for mtDNA and Y chromosome haplogroup frequencies for African native populations from regions involved in Atlantic Slave Trade. Principal Components Analysis and Bayesian analysis of population structure revealed no genetic differentiation of Y chromosome marker frequencies between the African regions. However, mtDNA examination unraveled considerable genetic structure, with three clusters at Central-West Africa, West Africa and Southeast Africa. A hypothesis is proposed to explain this structure. CONCLUSION Using these mtDNA data we could obtain for the first time an estimate of the relative ancestral contribution of Central-West (0.445), West (0.431) and Southeast Africa (0.123) to African Brazilians from Sao Paulo. These estimates are consistent with historical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa F Gonçalves
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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25
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Aléssio ACM, Höehr NF, Siqueira LH, Bydlowski SP, Annichino-Bizzacchi JM. Polymorphism C776G in the transcobalamin II gene and homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 concentrations. Association with MTHFR C677T and A1298C and MTRR A66G polymorphisms in healthy children. Thromb Res 2006; 119:571-7. [PMID: 16820193 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2006.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2005] [Revised: 05/10/2006] [Accepted: 05/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the etiologies of hyperhomocysteinemia is decreased vitamin B(12). Genetic variation in the transcobalamin II gene, the transporter of vitamin B(12) to the cells, may produce altered homocysteine levels. We determined transcobalamin II C776G polymorphism, homocysteine, folate and vitamin B(12) levels and analyzed the interactive effect with the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C and methionine synthase reductase A66G polymorphisms in 207 healthy Brazilian children. The prevalence of GG genotype of transcobalamin II C776G polymorphism in this Brazilian population, a highly miscigeneous population was 12.5% and the statistical analysis showed that this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, it could be considered representative of the general population. We observed a significant increase in homocysteine in the 776GG vs. 776CC genotype, corroborating the influence of age as a determinant of homocysteine in relation to this polymorphism. When we analyzed vitamin B(12) and its relationship with the C776G polymorphism, we found no significant differences. Only 776CG/66AA or 776GG/66AG genotypes presented a significant increase in homocysteine when compared with other groups. In the multivariate analysis, transcobalamin II C776G (CC/CG vs. GG), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T (CC/CT vs. TT), folate, gender and age presented statistical significance in relation to the homocysteine. These can be considered independent risk factors for hyperhomocysteinemia in this children group. Our results, if confirmed in other populations, highlight the necessity for investigation of the transcobalamin II C776G polymorphism in the research for hyperhomocysteinemia risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C M Aléssio
- Hematology-Hemotherapy Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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26
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Faria-Neto JR, Chagas ACP, Bydlowski SP, Lemos Neto PA, Chamone DA, Ramirez JAF, da Luz PL. Hyperhomocystinemia in patients with coronary artery disease. Braz J Med Biol Res 2006; 39:455-63. [PMID: 16612468 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2006000400005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocystinemia has been related to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in several studies. The C677T polymorphism for the gene that encodes the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase enzyme (MTHFR) and low plasma folate levels are common causes of hyperhomocystinemia. Due to differences in nutritional patterns and genetic background among different countries, we evaluated the role of hyperhomocystinemia as a coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factor in a Brazilian population. The relation between homocysteine (Hcy) and the extent of CAD, measured by an angiographic score, was determined. A total of 236 patients referred for coronary angiography for clinical reasons were included. CAD was found in 148 (62.7%) patients and 88 subjects had normal or near normal arteries. Patients with CAD had higher Hcy levels [mean (SD)] than those without disease (14 (6.8) vs 12.5 (4.0) microM; P = 0.04). Hyperhomocystinemia (Hcy >17.8 microM) prevalence was higher in the CAD group: 31.1 vs 12.2% (P = 0.01). After adjustment for major risk factors, we found an independent association between hyperhomocystinemia and CAD (OR = 2.48; 95% CI = 1.02-6.14). Patients with a more advanced coronary score had a higher frequency of hyperhomocystinemia and tended to have higher mean Hcy levels. An inverse relation between plasma folate and Hcy levels was found (r = -0.14; P = 0.04). Individuals with the MTHFR C677T polymorphism had a higher prevalence of hyperhomocystinemia than those without the mutated allele. We conclude that hyperhomocystinemia is independently associated with CAD, with a positive association between Hcy level and disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Faria-Neto
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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27
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de P S Soares R, Maeda NY, Bydlowski SP, Lopes AA. Markers of endothelial dysfunction and severity of hypoxaemia in the Eisenmenger syndrome. Cardiol Young 2005; 15:504-13. [PMID: 16164790 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951105001381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction has been reported in hypoxaemic patients with the Eisenmenger syndrome, but a direct correlation between levels of endothelial markers and the severity of hypoxaemia has not been explored. With this in mind, we compared the levels in the plasma of tissue-type plasminogen activator, thrombomodulin, and von Willebrand factor in 25 patients with the Eisenmenger syndrome. They had a median age of 31 years, and were divided into 2 groups according to their recent clinical history. Thus, 18 patients were stable, being in functional class II or III, seen as outpatients, and having peripheral saturations of oxygen of 89 plus or minus 5 percent. In contrast, 7 patients were unstable, showing episodes of symptoms placing them in functional class IV, requiring care in hospital, and manifesting saturations of oxygen of 77 plus or minus 5 percent. We were able to follow 12 patients, 8 who were stable and 4 unstable, for 24 months. At baseline, levels of von Willebrand factor were higher in the unstable patients when compared to those who were stable, at 142 plus or minus 29 and 110 plus or minus 25 units per decilitre, respectively (p equal to 0.013). This correlated positively with oxygen desaturation (p less than 0.020). The structural abnormalities also correlated positively with the magnitude of hypoxaemia (p less than 0.020). Levels remained higher in the unstable patients throughout the period of follow-up (p equal to 0.006). Tissue-type plasminogen activator was also increased, at 14.3 plus or minus 8.4 versus 6.5 plus or minus 2.7 nanograms per millilitre in controls (p less than 0.001), whereas thrombomodulin was decreased, with values of 14.4 versus 34.6 nanograms per millilitre in controls (p for median values of less than 0.001). There was no correlation with saturations of oxygen. We conclude that measurement of von Willebrand factor, as compared with tissue-type plasminogen activator and thrombomodulin, will prove a better marker of endothelial response to hypoxaemia in patients with the Eisenmenger syndrome.
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28
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do Amaral VF, Bydlowski SP, Peranovich TC, Navarro PAAS, Subbiah MTR, Ferriani RA. Lipid peroxidation in the peritoneal fluid of infertile women with peritoneal endometriosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2005; 119:72-5. [PMID: 15734088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2004.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2004] [Revised: 07/06/2004] [Accepted: 07/22/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the level of lipid peroxidation in the peritoneal fluid of infertile women with peritoneal endometriosis and of fertile disease-free controls. STUDY DESIGN Level of lipid peroxidation (malondialdeyde, malondialdeyde with copper addition, and cholest-3,5-dien-7-one) was measured in the peritoneal fluid obtained from 21 women with endometriosis-related infertility and from 21 fertile women having tubal ligation. RESULTS : The level of lipid peroxidation did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) according to the stage of endometriosis. The level of lipid peroxidation (malondialdeyde, malondialdeyde with the addition of copper, and cholest-3,5-dien-7-one) did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) between patients with endometriosis-related infertility (0.07 nmol/ml, 0.34 nmol/ml, 0.24 microg/ml, respectively) and disease-free controls (0.04 nmol/ml, 0.21 nmol/ml, 0.25 microg/ml, respectively). CONCLUSION The level of lipid peroxidation did not differ between women with endometriosis-related infertility and fertile disease-free controls, suggesting that increased reactive oxygen species may not be one of the factors responsible for compromised fertility in patients with endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian F do Amaral
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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29
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Gattás GJF, Kato M, Soares-Vieira JA, Siraque MS, Kohler P, Gomes L, Rego MAV, Bydlowski SP. Ethnicity and glutathione S-transferase (GSTM1/GSTT1) polymorphisms in a Brazilian population. Braz J Med Biol Res 2004; 37:451-8. [PMID: 15064808 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2004000400002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution of polymorphisms related to glutathione S-transferases (GST) has been described in different populations, mainly for white individuals. We evaluated the distribution of GST mu (GSTM1) and theta (GSTT1) genotypes in 594 individuals, by multiplex PCR-based methods, using amplification of the exon 7 of CYP1A1 gene as an internal control. In São Paulo, 233 whites, 87 mulattos, and 137 blacks, all healthy blood-donor volunteers, were tested. In Bahia, where black and mulatto populations are more numerous, 137 subjects were evaluated. The frequency of the GSTM1 null genotype was significantly higher among whites (55.4%) than among mulattos (41.4%; P = 0.03) and blacks (32.8%; P < 0.0001) from São Paulo, or Bahian subjects in general (35.7%; P = 0.0003). There was no statistically different distribution among any non-white groups. The distribution of GSTT1 null genotype among groups did not differ significantly. The agreement between self-reported and interviewer classification of skin color in the Bahian group was low. The interviewer classification indicated a gradient of distribution of the GSTM1 null genotype from whites (55.6%) to light mulattos (40.4%), dark mulattos (32.0%) and blacks (28.6%). However, any information about race or ethnicity should be considered with caution regarding the bias introduced by different data collection techniques, specially in countries where racial admixture is intense, and ethnic definition boundaries are loose. Because homozygous deletions of GST gene might be associated with cancer risk, a better understanding of chemical metabolizing gene distribution can contribute to risk assessment of humans exposed to environmental carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J F Gattás
- Departamento de Medicina Legal, Etica Médica e Medicina Social e do Trabalho, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paaulo, SP, Brazil.
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30
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Novak EM, Metzger M, Chammas R, da Costa M, Dantas K, Manabe C, Pires J, de Oliveira AC, Bydlowski SP. Downregulation of TNF-alpha and VEGF expression by Sp1 decoy oligodeoxynucleotides in mouse melanoma tumor. Gene Ther 2003; 10:1992-7. [PMID: 14528323 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma tumor growth and progression are highly dependent on adequate blood supply through angiogenesis. Since several genes involved in angiogenesis revealed potential binding sites for the transcription factor Sp1, we have examined the effects of local inoculation of Sp1 decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) on the growth of transplanted murine melanoma tumors and the expression of VEGF and TNF-alpha within these tumors. Treatment with Sp1 decoy ODNs, but not their mutated form, led to a significant increase (P=0.041) of the tumor necrotic area, as evaluated morphometrically. Tumor necrosis was associated with a significant decrease of microvascular density (P=0.012) and relative vascular area (P=0.026), as determined by counting CD34-positive vascular structures within the tumor microenvironment of Sp1 decoy ODNs and control ODN-treated tumors. RT-PCR experiments showed a strong decrease in the levels of VEGF188 and VEGF164 isoforms and a moderate decrease of TNF-alpha in Sp1 decoy-treated tumors. Taken together, our results indicate that Sp1 decoy ODNs may inhibit angiogenesis by affecting the gene expression of key players in angiogenesis such as TNF-alpha and VEGF. These findings indicate that Sp1 decoy ODNs may be a potential new therapeutic tool in antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Novak
- Research and Molecular Biology Division, Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo Foundation, São Paulo, Brazil.
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31
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Almeida KA, Schreiber R, Amâncio RF, Bydlowski SP, Debes-Bravo A, Issa JS, Strunz CMC, Maranhão RC. Metabolism of chylomicron-like emulsions in carriers of the S447X lipoprotein lipase polymorphism. Clin Chim Acta 2003; 335:157-63. [PMID: 12927697 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(03)00289-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipoprotein lipase catalyzes the hydrolysis of the triglycerides contained in both very-low-density lipoproteins and chylomicrons for storage in the adipose tissue and muscle of fats of both hepatic and dietary origin. The S447X-Stop lipoprotein lipase is the most common polymorphism of the enzyme, affecting roughly 20% of the population and is accompanied by normal or diminished fasting triglycerides and perhaps lower incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD). Delay in the removal of chylomicron and remnant is now an established risk factor for CAD. METHODS Currently, the chylomicron metabolism has been evaluated in 12 normolipidemic subjects with the S447X-Stop and in 13 age- and sex-paired control subjects with no mutation. The doubly labeled chylomicron-like emulsion method was used to evaluate chylomicron metabolism. The emulsions labeled with cholesteryl-oleate (14C-CE) and tri[9,10-3H]oleate (3H-Tg) were injected intravenously and the decay curves of the labels were determined by blood sampling over 60 min followed by radioactive counting. RESULTS The fractional clearance rate (FCR, min(-1)) of the labels was not different in the S447X carriers compared with the noncarriers (FCR 3H-Tg 0.035 +/- 0.019 and 0.030 +/- 0.009; FCR 14C-CE 0.008 +/- 0.007 and 0.009 +/- 0.007, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The chylomicron intravascular lipolysis monitored by the 3H-Tg emulsion and the remnant removal monitored by the 14C-CE emulsion were not altered by the presence of this polymorphism of great populational impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia A Almeida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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32
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Moura-Neto RS, Silva R, Bydlowski SP. Commentary on: Barros de Castro IA, Rinzler CM, Rumjanek FD. Allele frequency distributions for twelve STR loci in a Brazilian population. J Forensic Sci 2000;45(4):941. J Forensic Sci 2001; 46:1260. [PMID: 11569581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Soares RP, Chamone DA, Bydlowski SP. Factor VIII gene inversions and polymorphisms in Brazilian patients with haemophilia A: carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis. Haemophilia 2001; 7:299-305. [PMID: 11380635 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2516.2001.00508.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In families afflicted with haemophilia A, genetic counselling is often requested. Inversion mutations and polymorphic sites of the FVIII gene have been examined in a Brazilian population, with the aim of developing a strategy that would be accurate and informative for carrier analysis and prenatal diagnosis in Brazil. Patients with haemophilia A and families were studied. Inversion mutations in the FVIII gene were detected in 39.4% of severely affected patients, 85% of them being of distal type. No inversions were observed in patients with mild or moderate forms of the disease. Two bi-allelic polymorphisms were studied. Intron 18 SSCP and intron 19 RFLP analyses indicated the presence of a restriction site in 39.5% and 42.9% of haemophilics, respectively. Two multiallelic microsatellite polymorphisms in introns 13 and 22 were also studied; eight different alleles were detected in each system with a heterozygosity rate of 83.08% and 78.77%, respectively. When all four intragenic loci were examined in linkage analysis, the cumulative reliability was 100%. In conclusion, inversion mutation analysis should be the first-line test for Brazilian patients with severe haemophilia A. In cases of severe haemophilia A where no inversion could be detected or in mild or moderate haemophilia A, the use of all four polymorphisms is very informative for linkage analysis and should be used for carrier detection and genetic counselling in the Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Soares
- Research and Molecular Biology Division, Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo Foundation, SP, Brazil
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Lopes AA, Peranovich TM, Maeda NY, Bydlowski SP. Differential effects of enzymatic treatments on the storage and secretion of von Willebrand factor by human endothelial cells. Thromb Res 2001; 101:291-7. [PMID: 11248290 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(00)00401-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic treatment used for passaging of endothelial cells may induce release of von Willebrand factor (vWF). Decreased ability to replenish intracellular stores results in decreased secretion of vWF in later passages of cells. Since both trypsin and pancreatin complex have been used for passaging endothelial cells, we analyzed the effects of successive passaging with these two enzyme preparations on the storage and secretion of vWF by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Measurements were performed after the second to fifth passages. Cytoplasmic vWF was analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence and secreted vWF was measured in the supernatant of cultured HUVECs by ELISA. In trypsin-passaged cells, secreted vWF decreased progressively from passages 2 to 5. Respective concentrations were 355.0 +/- 30.4, 201.0 +/- 84.5, 150.0 +/- 1.4 and 120.5 +/- 38.9 ng vWF/10(5) cells. Comparatively, pancreatin-passaged cells secreted even less vWF protein (P = .001) at passages 4 and 5 (108.5 +/- 12.0 and 100.0 +/- 4.2 ng/10(5) cells, respectively) and had less vWF-positive cytoplasmic granules per cell. Thus, in experiments involving measurements of endothelial vWF, the use of low passage cells is recommendable and passaging with a pure trypsin preparation appears to be more appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Lopes
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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35
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Sakashita AM, Bydlowski SP, Chamone DA, Maranhão RC. Plasma kinetics of an artificial emulsion resembling chylomicrons in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Ann Hematol 2000; 79:687-90. [PMID: 11195006 DOI: 10.1007/s002770000205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chylomicrons are the lipoproteins that transport dietary lipids in the blood. Although neoplastic diseases are often accompanied by alterations in lipid metabolism, chylomicrons are scarcely explored in cancer, despite their importance for the body's energy supply. Moreover, no data are available regarding chylomicron metabolism in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Chylomicron metabolism in the bloodstream consists of lipolysis by lipoprotein lipase and uptake of remnants by the liver and is difficult to assess in the human body. Among the methods to evaluate this pathway, the determination of the plasma kinetics of triglyceride-rich emulsions that mimic chylomicrons is a practical and straightforward approach. A double-labeled chylomicron-resembling emulsion was injected into 10 patients with CLL and into 11 normolipidemic healthy subjects. The plasma kinetic curves of the emulsion 3H-triglyceride and 14Ccholesteryl ester were determined in plasma samples collected over 30 min. The fractional clearance rate (FCR) of triglycerides in CLL was not changed compared with controls. The FCR of cholesteryl esters was also no different from controls. These results indicate that chylomicron lipolysis and remnant removal are not affected in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Sakashita
- Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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36
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Bravo-Osorio M, Bydlowski SP. Detection of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and prothrombin G20210A mutations: second restriction site for digestion control of PCR products. Clin Chim Acta 2000; 301:219-23. [PMID: 11020476 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(00)00339-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Bravo-Osorio
- Research and Molecular Biology Division, Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo Foundation, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 155-1 degrees andar, 05403-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) has been used as a marker of endothelial perturbation in a number of vascular disorders. In this study, vWF:Ag was determined as an attempt to evaluate the severity of endothelial cell dysfunction in primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) and congenital heart disease-associated pulmonary hypertension (CHD-PH) comparatively and to determine its impact on short-term survival. METHODS AND RESULTS Clinical, hemodynamic, and biochemical data were obtained from 11 patients with PPH and 24 with CHD-PH. Patient groups were similar in terms of age and pulmonary artery pressure. vWF:Ag was measured by electroimmunodiffusion. Patients were followed up for 1 year and at that time, data collected at the beginning of the study were subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses. vWF:Ag was increased in patients (normal reference value 87% +/- 23% activity, mean +/- SD), with higher levels in the PPH group (231% +/- 89%) in comparison with the CHD-PH group (127% +/- 68%) (P <.001). Multivariate analysis showed that survival was influenced by the underlying cause of pulmonary hypertension and vWF:Ag levels but not by patient age, sex, or pulmonary artery pressure. Seven of 10 nonsurvivors but only 4 of 25 survivors had PPH (P =.007). vWF:Ag was 255% +/- 90% in the nonsurvivor group and 121% +/- 54% in the survivors (P <.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that short-term survival is related to the severity of endothelial cell dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension. In addition, exceedingly high vWF:Ag levels in PPH might reflect a particular pattern of endothelial cell dysfunction that could be associated with decreased short-term life expectancy in this disorder compared with secondary forms of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Lopes
- Heart Institute and Department of Hematology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo, Brazil.
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38
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Maeda NY, Bydlowski SP, Lopes AA. Orally administered acetylsalicylic acid decreases protein incorporation into the cytoskeleton of thrombin-stimulated platelets. Thromb Res 1999; 95:335-9. [PMID: 10527411 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(99)00053-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Y Maeda
- Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo, Brazil
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39
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Soares RP, Magnanelli AC, Bravo-Osorio LM, Chamone DA, Bydlowski SP. Rapid and non-isotopic detection of intron 18 polymorphism of the factor VIII gene. Clin Chim Acta 1999; 287:157-61. [PMID: 10509904 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(99)00126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R P Soares
- Research and Molecular Biology Division, Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo Foundation, SP, Brazil
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40
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Hungria VT, Brandizzi LI, Chiattone CS, Bydlowski SP, Maranhão RC. Metabolism of an artificial emulsion resembling chylomicrons in patients with multiple myeloma. Leuk Res 1999; 23:637-41. [PMID: 10400185 DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(99)00083-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma, as other neoplastic diseases, is accompanied by alterations in lipid metabolism. The metabolism of chylomicrons is unexplored in this condition, despite the importance of these lipoproteins for the energy body supply. Chylomicron metabolism in the bloodstream consists of lipolysis by lipoprotein lipase and uptake of remnants by the liver. Triglyceride-rich emulsions can mimic chylomicron metabolism in man and are a useful tool to evaluate this metabolic pathway. A double-labeled chylomicron-resembling emulsion was injected into 20 patients with multiple myeloma and 30 normolipidemic healthy subjects. The plasma kinetic curves of the emulsion 3H-triglyceride and 14C-cholesteryl ester were determined in plasma samples collected over 60 minutes. The fractional clearance rate (FCR) of triglycerides in multiple myeloma was not changed compared to controls. However, FCR of cholesteryl esters was smaller in multiple myeloma (0.025 +/- 0.003 and 0.061 +/- 0.010 min(-1), respectively). These results indicate that chylomicron lipolysis is not affected in multiple myeloma, whereas remnant removal is diminished.
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Affiliation(s)
- V T Hungria
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Hemotherapy Section, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, Brazil
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41
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Maeda NY, Lopes AA, Bydlowski SP. Cytoskeletal organization and incorporation of beta 3 integrin in thrombin-stimulated platelets: effect of acetylsalicylic acid. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 1999; 5:16-20. [PMID: 10725977 DOI: 10.1177/107602969900500104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet stimulation by agonists is followed by changes in cytoskeletal organization that includes actin polymerization and association of the membrane skeleton (which is connected with the integrin alpha IIb beta 3) with the underlying cytoplasmic actin filaments. The effect of orally administered acetylsalicylic acid to healthy volunteers on incorporation of contractile protein and beta 3 integrin into the cytoskeletal core of thrombin-stimulated platelets was studied. Stimulation was followed by increased contractile protein and beta 3 incorporation into the cytoskeleton. Acetylsalicylic acid intake resulted in decreased incorporation of myosin and actin (32% and 20%, respectively), and a decrease (36%) in the association of beta 3 integrin with the cytoskeletal elements was evident. In conclusion, we have shown that acetylsalicylic acid, besides the known inhibitory effect on thromboxane synthesis, promotes changes in the cytoskeletal organization of thrombin-stimulated platelets that could limit thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Y Maeda
- Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo, Brazil
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42
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Nóvak EM, Dantas KC, Charbel CE, Bydlowski SP. Association of hepatic nuclear factor-4 in the apolipoprotein B promoter: a preliminary report. Braz J Med Biol Res 1998; 31:1405-8. [PMID: 9921275 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x1998001100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have examined the arrangement of regulatory elements along the apolipoprotein B (apoB) promoter region (-3067 to +940) and a promoter fragment extending from nucleotides -150 to +124 has been demonstrated to be essential for transcriptional activation of the apoB gene in hepatic and intestinal cells. It has also been shown that transcriptional activation of apoB requires a synergistic interaction between hepatic nuclear factor-4 (HNF-4) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBP alpha) transcription factors. Here, we have examined the hypothesis that HNF-4 factor binding to DNA may induce a DNA helix bend, thus facilitating the communication with a C/EBP alpha factor located one helix turn from this HNF-4 factor in the apoB promoter. A gel electrophoretic mobility shift assay using wild type double-stranded oligonucleotides or modified wild type duplex oligonucleotides with 10 nucleotides inserted between HNF-4 and C/EBP alpha factor motifs showed similar retarded complexes, indicating that HNF-4 and C/EBP alpha factors interact independently of the distance between binding sites. However, when only one base, a thymidine, was inserted at the -71 position of the apoB promoter, the complex shift was completely abolished. In conclusion, these results regarding the study of the mechanisms involving the interaction between HNF-4 and C/EBP alpha factors in the apoB promoter suggest that the perfect 5'-CCCTTTGGA-3' motif is needed in order to facilitate the interaction between the two factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Nóvak
- Divisão de Pesquisa e Biologia Molecular, Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo, Brasil.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Bydlowski
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo e Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in circulating von Willebrand factor (vWF) have been widely used for evaluating the severity of endothelial dysfunction in vascular disorders. In pulmonary hypertension, quantitative and structural abnormalities in circulating von Willebrand factor have been identified. We therefore hypothesized that these abnormalities could have prognostic implications. PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied 30 consecutive medically treated patients with primary (n = 11) or secondary precapillary pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (n = 16) or schistosomiasis (n = 3). Plasma antigenic activity of vWF (vWF:Ag) was measured by electroimmunodiffusion. The relative concentration of low molecular weight vWF multimers (vWF:LMW/Total) was determined by Western immunoblotting. Results of initial evaluation were analyzed at the end of the first and third years of follow-up. RESULTS Baseline vWF:Ag activity (P <0.0002) and the vWF: LMW/Total ratio (P <0.005) were higher in patients who died during the first year than in survivors. All patients with vWF:Ag activity >250% or a vWF:LMW/Total ratio >70% died in the first year. All 7 patients with vWF:Ag activity <100% were alive at the end of 3 years of follow-up. A vWF:LMW/Total ratio >68% was 67% sensitive and 95% specific for 1-year mortality, with an overall predictive value of 80%. Both vWF:Ag levels and mortality were greater in the patients with primary pulmonary hypertension than in patients with secondary pulmonary hypertension. CONCLUSION Patients with pulmonary hypertension who have abnormalities in circulating vWF have reduced 1-year survival. This might affect decisions such as patient assignment to lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Lopes
- Heart Institute and Department of Hematology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo, Brazil
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Bydlowski SP, Pares MM, Soares RP, Lopes AA. Stimulation of human smooth muscle cell proliferation by thrombin involves increased synthesis of platelet-derived growth factor. Chest 1998; 114:236-40. [PMID: 9674475 DOI: 10.1378/chest.114.1.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Thrombin generated at sites of vascular injury not only participates in the coagulation cascade but can also signal other events related to cell mitogenesis and migration. In this report, we investigated the effects of thrombin on the proliferation of human arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in culture and its interaction with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). MATERIAL AND METHODS Human arterial SMCs originated from a renal artery were grown in cell culture. The effect of thrombin on DNA synthesis was evaluated by 3H-thymidine incorporation. The effect of thrombin on inositol-phosphate formation by SMCs was also analyzed as well as the binding of PDGF AA and BB to these cells. PDGF secretion was analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA). RESULTS Exposure of cultured human SMCs to thrombin caused an increased rate of DNA synthesis in a dose-response manner, with a maximal stimulatory effect at a concentration of 2.0 U/mL. Thrombin was found to increase the accumulation of inositol phosphates and to increase the production of PDGF as measured by RIA. Exposure of cells to 2.0 U/mL thrombin resulted in a strong decrease in PDGF AA binding to PDGF receptors and did not change PDGF BB binding, probably indicating that PDGF alpha-receptors could be occupied by endogenously produced PDGF A. CONCLUSION Thrombin stimulates human vascular SMC proliferation in a dose-response way, in part by the formation of inositol phosphates. The mechanism responsible for this effect involves, at least in part, an increased endogenous synthesis of PDGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Bydlowski
- Department of Hematology, University of São Paulo Medical School, SP, Brazil
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46
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Maeda NY, Bydlowski SP, Lopes AA. Sialic acid content of von Willebrand factor subunit. A simple method for quantitative estimation. Clin Chim Acta 1998; 273:209-11. [PMID: 9657351 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(98)00034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Y Maeda
- Heart Institute, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, and Pró-Sangue Foundation, Brazil
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Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze quantitative and structural changes in circulating von Willebrand factor (vWF) in 40 precapillary pulmonary hypertensive patients, as an attempt to identify possible correlations between endothelial cell dysfunction and patient short-term (one year) survival. METHODS Plasma antigenic activity of vWF (vWF:Ag) was analyzed by immunoelectrophoresis. The relative concentration of vWF low molecular weight multimers (LMWM%) and the composition of vWF subunit were determined by densitometric analysis of Western blots. RESULTS vWF:Ag was importantly increased in patients in comparison with normals (p < 0.001). Patients also had increased LMWM% (p < 0.001) and increased degradation of vWF main subunit (p < 0.05). At the beginning of the study, nonsurvivors (N = 11) had higher vWF:Ag (p < 0.001) and LMWM% (p < 0.005) values in comparison with survivors. LMWM% was selected by logistic regression analysis as a predictor of death during the first year of follow-up (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Marked changes in circulating vWF likely reflect extensive pulmonary vascular endothelial cell dysfunction and are associated with poor short-term prognosis in pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Lopes
- Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP e Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo
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48
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Novak EM, Longui CA, Bydlowski SP. Uncommon allele in apo AI-CIII-AIV gene cluster in a family with congenital generalized lipodystrophy. SAO PAULO MED J 1997; 115:1593-5. [PMID: 9640797 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-31801997000600007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital generalized lipodystrophy is a rare inherited disease. One of its features is a disturbance in lipid metabolism characterized by hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. A brother and a sister with congenital generalized lipodystrophy, an 8-year old male and a 12-year old female were studied. The mother and a 6-year old brother were healthy. The genetic analysis of Sstl RFLP of the apo AI-CIII-AIV gene cluster showed the presence of the rare Sstl allele (S2) in the patients but not in the healthy mother and brother. As this uncommon allele has been reported to be related to high plasma triglyceride levels, this association could be relevant in explaining in part the hypertriglyceridemia observed in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Novak
- Research and Molecular Biology Division, Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo Foundation, Brazil
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Pares MN, D'Amico EA, Kutner JM, Chamone DDA, Bydlowski SP. Platelet aggregation and lipoprotein levels in a patient with familial hypercholesterolemia after selective LDL-apheresis. SAO PAULO MED J 1997; 115:1448-51. [PMID: 9532848 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-31801997000300009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet aggregation was studied in a patient with familial hypercholesterolemia immediately after apheresis selective for low-density lipoprotein (LDL), a lipid-lowering procedure. This treatment reduced plasmatic levels of total and LDL-cholesterol, apo B, and triglyceride. Increased platelet aggregation was reduced immediately after the apheresis in whole blood as well as in platelet-rich plasma. However, aggregation in washed platelets remained unchanged after LDL-apheresis. In conclusion, in this patient reduction of LDL-cholesterol improved platelet function in the very short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Pares
- Research and Molecular Biology Division, Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo, Brazil
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50
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Affiliation(s)
- E A D'Amico
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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