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Chung SM, Wang JC, Lin CR, Liu SC, Wu PT, Kuan FC, Fang CJ, Tu YK, Hsu KL, Lai PC, Shih CA. Beyond traditional therapies: a network meta-analysis on the treatment efficacy for chronic phantom limb pain. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2024:rapm-2023-105104. [PMID: 38388020 DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2023-105104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phantom limb pain (PLP) frequently affects individuals with limb amputations. When PLP evolves into its chronic phase, known as chronic PLP, traditional therapies often fall short in providing sufficient relief. The optimal intervention for chronic PLP remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this network meta-analysis (NMA) were to examine the efficacy of different treatments on pain intensity for patients with chronic PLP. EVIDENCE REVIEW We searched Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, and CINAHL EBSCO, focusing on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated interventions such as neuromodulation, neural block, pharmacological methods, and alternative treatments. An NMA was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The primary outcome was pain score improvement, and the secondary outcomes were adverse events. FINDINGS The NMA, incorporating 12 RCTs, indicated that neuromodulation, specifically repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, provided the most substantial pain improvement when compared with placebo/sham groups (mean difference=-2.9 points, 95% CI=-4.62 to -1.18; quality of evidence (QoE): moderate). Pharmacological intervention using morphine was associated with a significant increase in adverse event rate (OR=6.04, 95% CI=2.26 to 16.12; QoE: low). CONCLUSIONS The NMA suggests that neuromodulation using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation may be associated with significantly larger pain improvement for chronic PLP. However, the paucity of studies, varying patient characteristics across each trial, and absence of long-term results underscore the necessity for more comprehensive, large-scale RCTs. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023455949.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Mei Chung
- Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chien Wang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ren Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Cheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ting Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fa-Chuan Kuan
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Medical Device R & D Core Laboratory, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ju Fang
- Department of Secretariat, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Medical Library, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kang Tu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lan Hsu
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Medical Device R & D Core Laboratory, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Lai
- Education Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-An Shih
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Medical Device R & D Core Laboratory, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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Liu S, Zhou X, Zhang M, Shi C, Ren R, Hou C, Di B. Estimating the prevalence of dyslipidemia by measuring fenofibrate in 33 cities in China. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169426. [PMID: 38128665 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia, recognized as a predominant risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), remains a pressing health concern worldwide, particularly in China with nearly 40 % of the population adversely suffering. Fenofibrate, as one of the most commonly used drugs for dyslipidemia therapy, excreted as the format of fenofibrate-acid, which showed considerable stability in sewage samples and could be detected as WBE-biomarkers to monitor the prevalence of dyslipidemia. In this work, we reported the first research on estimating the prevalence of dyslipidemia by WBE approach. 527 sewage samples from 33 cities in China were extracted by solid phase and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The detected concentration of fenofibrate acid in sewage was on an average of 120.5 ± 59.9 ng/L, and the reverse-calculated consumption of fenofibrate based on fenofibrate acid was 77.8 ± 25.0 mg/day/1000inh. Detailed analysis unveiled an average prevalence of fenofibrate at 0.056 % ± 0.018 %, and the dyslipidemia prevalence among the population aged over 15 was ultimately estimated to be 37.9 % ± 9.3 % and was in accordance with the China Cardiovascular research result of 40.4 %, which proves that WBE is a substitutable approach of traditional epidemiological investigation methods due to its timeliness and cost-effectiveness. This study demonstrated that estimating dyslipidemia prevalence by WBE with metabolite fenofibrate acid as a biomarker is feasible in most Chinese cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShuCheng Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China; China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - XinXin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China; China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Manlei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China; China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chen Shi
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China; China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ren Ren
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China; China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - ChenZhi Hou
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China; China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211100, China.
| | - Bin Di
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China; China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211100, China.
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Lu XS, Huang ML, Chen LB, Liu SC, Huang ZX, Liu SM. SCARA5 as a downstream factor of PCAT29, inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer. Genomics 2023; 115:110667. [PMID: 37315873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Scavenger receptor class A, member 5 (SCARA5) has been identified a novel tumor suppressor in several cancers. However, the functional and underlying mechanism of SCARA5 in bladder cancer (BC) need investigation. Here, we found SCARA5 expression was downregulated in both BC tissues and cell lines. Low SCARA5 in BC tissues was associated with a shorter overall survival. Moreover, SCARA5 overexpression reduced BC cell viability, colony formation, invasion, and migration. Further investigation demonstrated that the expression of SCARA5 was negatively regulated by miR-141. Furthermore, the long non-coding RNA prostate cancer associated transcript 29 (PCAT29) inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of BC cells by sponging miR-141. Luciferase activity assays revealed that PCAT29 targeted miR-141 and miR-141 targeted SCARA5. In conclusion, SCARA5, as a downstream factor of the PCAT29/miR-141 axis, inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of BC cells. These findings provide novel insights into the detailed molecular mechanisms of BC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Sheng Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Meng-Long Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Li-Bo Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Shu-Cheng Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zhong-Xin Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Shi-Min Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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Liu SC, Cao YH, Chen LB, Kang R, Huang ZX, Lu XS. BMSC-derived exosomal lncRNA PTENP1 suppresses the malignant phenotypes of bladder cancer by upregulating SCARA5 expression. Cancer Biol Ther 2022; 23:1-13. [PMID: 35998226 PMCID: PMC9415615 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2022.2102360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNAs can be transported to tumor cells where they exert regulatory effects by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)-derived exosomes. Here, we aimed to investigate the functional mechanism of BMSC-derived exosomal lncRNA PTENP1 in the progression of bladder cancer (BC). Methods of BMSC were identified by detecting surface markers through flow cytometry. Exosomes from BMSC were identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and western blot analysis of exosome markers. Cellular internalization of BMSC-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exo) into BC cells was detected by confocal microscopy. CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assays were adopted to estimate cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion abilities, respectively. Interplay between miR-17 and lncRNA PTENP1 or SCARA5 was verified by dual-luciferase reporter, RNA pull down, and/or RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Tumor xenograft assay was conducted in nude mice to study the role of exosomal lncRNA PTENP1 in BC progression in vivo. We showed exosomal lncRNA PTENP1 can be delivered into and suppress the malignant phenotypes of BC cells. LncRNA PTENP1 was identified as a sponge of miR-17, and SCARA5 was identified as a target gene of miR-17. The exosomes derived from PTENP1-overexpressing BMSC (BMSCOE-PTENP1-Exo) abolished the promotive effects of miR-17 overexpression or SCARA5 knockdown on the malignant phenotypes of BC cells. Moreover, exosomal lncRNA PTENP1 was demonstrated to inhibit BC tumor growth in nude mice by miR-17/SCARA5 axis. In conclusion, BMSC-derived exosomal PTENP1 suppressed the BC progression by upregulating the expression of SCARA5 via sponging miR-17, offering a potential novel therapeutic target for BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Cheng Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - You-Han Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Li-Bo Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ran Kang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zhong-Xin Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xin-Sheng Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Liu SC, Chen LB, Chen PF, Huang ML, Liu TP, Peng J, Lu XS. PDCD5 inhibits progression of renal cell carcinoma by promoting T cell immunity: with the involvement of the HDAC3/microRNA-195-5p/SGK1. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:131. [PMID: 36266728 PMCID: PMC9583501 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01336-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetics exerts a vital role in the onset and development of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Mounting evidence has shed light on the significance of human immune system in response to tumor infiltrating T cells. Hereby, we sought to unmask the immunomodulatory role of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) and its potential upstream molecule, programmed cell death 5 (PDCD5) in RCC. METHODS RCC and adjacent non-cancerous tissues were clinically resected from 58 patients, in which the expression profile of microRNA-195-5p (miR-195-5p), PDCD5, HDAC3, and serum glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. Their relations were investigated by a series of luciferase assays in combination with ChIP and co-IP. RCC cells (A498) were intervened using gain- and loss-of-function approaches, followed by cell proliferation evaluation. After co-culture with CD3+ T cells, flow cytometry and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) determination were performed. A xenograft tumor mouse model was developed for in vivo validation. RESULTS PDCD5 was downregulated in RCC tissues and A498 cells. Upregulation of HDAC3, as well as of SGK1, resulted in suppression of A498 cell proliferation and promotion of T cell activation as evidenced by higher IFN-γ expression. Re-expression of PDCD5 downregulated HDAC3, causing a subsequent upregulation of miR-195-5p, while miR-195-5p could inversely modulate its target gene, SGK1. The regulatory mechanism appeared to be functional in vivo. CONCLUSION Our results highlight the possible manipulation by PDCD5 on RCC cell proliferation and T cell activation, which provides new clues to better understand the immune balance in RCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Cheng Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Li-Bo Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Ping-Feng Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Meng-Long Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Tian-Pei Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Peng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Neurology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Xin-Sheng Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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Yuan NN, Xu HB, Liu SC, Wang Y, Wang T, Yi TC, Chen J, Zhang Y, Zhu YT, Li LJ, Li JP, Cao JJ, Huang W. [Impact of exposure to ambient fine particulate matter-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on blood thrombogenicity in adults]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:902-911. [PMID: 35899341 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20210924-00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effects of exposure to ambient fine particulate matter-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on blood coagulation in adults. Methods: A total of 73 adult volunteers were recruited in a cohort study and had four clinical visits from November 2014 to January 2016. Blood samples were obtained and used to measure biomarkers of blood thrombogenicity, including soluble CD40 Ligand (sCD40L), soluble P-selection (sCD62P) and Fibrinogen (FIB). White blood cell (WBC), 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and HDL cholesterol efflux capacity (HDL-CEC) were also determined. Daily concentrations of ambient fine particulate matter-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured throughout the study period, and positive matrix factorization (PMF) approach was used to identity PAHs sources. Linear mixed-effect models including single-pollutant model, two-pollutant model and stratification analysis were constructed to estimate the effects of exposure to ambient fine particulate matter-bound PAHs on blood thrombogenicity in adults after adjusting for potential confounders. Results: The mean age of participants was (23.3±5.4) years. During the study period, the median level of PM2.5-bound PAHs was (55.29±74.99) ng/m3. Six sources of PM2.5-bound PAHs were identified by PMF, with traffic sources contributing more than 50%. The linear mixed-effect model showed that PAHs exposure had a significant effect on elevated blood thrombogenicity. Significant elevations in sCD40L, sCD62P and FIB associated with per IQR increase (60.33 ng/m3) in exposure to PAHs were 14.36% (95%CI:6.94%-22.28%), 9.33% (95%CI: 1.71%-17.51%) and 2.07% (95%CI:0.44%-2.07%) at prior 5 days, respectively. Blood thrombogenicity levels were significantly and positively correlated with source-specific PAHs, especially gasoline vehicle emissions, diesel vehicle emission and coal burning at prior 1 or 5 days. Stronger associations between PAHs and increased blood thrombogenicity were found in participants with high plaque vulnerability, reduced HDL function, and high levels of inflammation and oxidative stress. Conclusion: Acute exposure to ambient fine particulate matter-bound PAHs, especially PAHs from traffic sources may promote blood thrombogenicity in adults, and PAHs have stronger effects on participants with reduced vascular function and high levels of inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - H B Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - S C Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Prevention and Health Care, Hospital of Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - T Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - T C Yi
- Division of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y T Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - L J Li
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J P Li
- Division of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - J J Cao
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - W Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
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Liu SC, Ju YR, Lu CL. Multi-CSAR: a web server for scaffolding contigs using multiple reference genomes. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:W500-W509. [PMID: 35524553 PMCID: PMC9252826 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-CSAR is a web server that can efficiently and more accurately order and orient the contigs in the assembly of a target genome into larger scaffolds based on multiple reference genomes. Given a target genome and multiple reference genomes, Multi-CSAR first identifies sequence markers shared between the target genome and each reference genome, then utilizes these sequence markers to compute a scaffold for the target genome based on each single reference genome, and finally combines all the single reference-derived scaffolds into a multiple reference-derived scaffold. To run Multi-CSAR, the users need to upload a target genome to be scaffolded and one or more reference genomes in multi-FASTA format. The users can also choose to use the ‘weighting scheme of reference genomes’ for Multi-CSAR to automatically calculate different weights for the reference genomes and choose either ‘NUCmer on nucleotides’ or ‘PROmer on translated amino acids’ for Multi-CSAR to identify sequence markers. In the output page, Multi-CSAR displays its multiple reference-derived scaffold in two graphical representations (i.e. Circos plot and dotplot) for the users to visually validate the correctness of scaffolded contigs and in a tabular representation to further validate the scaffold in detail. Multi-CSAR is available online at http://genome.cs.nthu.edu.tw/Multi-CSAR/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Cheng Liu
- Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ru Ju
- Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chin Lung Lu
- Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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Liu SC, Lai J, Huang JY, Cho CF, Lee PH, Lu MH, Yeh CC, Yu J, Lin WC. Predicting microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma: a deep learning model validated across hospitals. Cancer Imaging 2021; 21:56. [PMID: 34627393 PMCID: PMC8501676 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-021-00425-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The accuracy of estimating microvascular invasion (MVI) preoperatively in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by clinical observers is low. Most recent studies constructed MVI predictive models utilizing radiological and/or radiomics features extracted from computed tomography (CT) images. These methods, however, rely heavily on human experiences and require manual tumor contouring. We developed a deep learning-based framework for preoperative MVI prediction by using CT images of arterial phase (AP) with simple tumor labeling and without the need of manual feature extraction. The model was further validated on CT images that were originally scanned at multiple different hospitals. METHODS CT images of AP were acquired for 309 patients from China Medical University Hospital (CMUH). Images of 164 patients, who took their CT scanning at 54 different hospitals but were referred to CMUH, were also collected. Deep learning (ResNet-18) and machine learning (support vector machine) models were constructed with AP images and/or patients' clinical factors (CFs), and their performance was compared systematically. All models were independently evaluated on two patient cohorts: validation set (within CMUH) and external set (other hospitals). Subsequently, explainability of the best model was visualized using gradient-weighted class activation map (Grad-CAM). RESULTS The ResNet-18 model built with AP images and patients' clinical factors was superior than other models achieving a highest AUC of 0.845. When evaluating on the external set, the model produced an AUC of 0.777, approaching its performance on the validation set. Model interpretation with Grad-CAM revealed that MVI relevant imaging features on CT images were captured and learned by the ResNet-18 model. CONCLUSIONS This framework provide evidence showing the generalizability and robustness of ResNet-18 in predicting MVI using CT images of AP scanned at multiple different hospitals. Attention heatmaps obtained from model explainability further confirmed that ResNet-18 focused on imaging features on CT overlapping with the conditions used by radiologists to estimate MVI clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Cheng Liu
- AI Innovation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jesyin Lai
- AI Innovation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jhao-Yu Huang
- AI Innovation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Fong Cho
- AI Innovation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei Hua Lee
- Department of Medical Imaging, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsuan Lu
- AI Innovation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Asia University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 41354
| | - Jiaxin Yu
- AI Innovation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Ching Lin
- AI Innovation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Imaging, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Lu XS, Huang ML, Chen LB, Liu SC, Huang ZX, Liu SM. WITHDRAWN: SCARA5 regulated by MEG3/miR-141 axis attenuates proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer. Life Sci 2021:119619. [PMID: 34015283 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Sheng Lu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Meng-Long Huang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Li-Bo Chen
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shu-Cheng Liu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhong-Xin Huang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shi-Min Liu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan Province, China.
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Huang YL, Sheng HY, Jia XF, Su XY, Zhao XY, Xie T, Tang CF, Liu SC, Li XZ, Zhang W, Mei HF, Zeng CH, Liu L. [GAA gene variants and genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with glycogen storage disease type Ⅱ]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2021; 59:189-194. [PMID: 33657692 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20200710-00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To explore the GAA varient spectrum and the genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with glycogen storage disease type Ⅱ (Pompe disease, PD), as well as to estimate the disease incidence based on carrier rate of GAA varients in Guangzhou population. Methods: A total of 57 PD cases were retrospectively enrolled at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from January 1, 2010 to May 31, 2020. All patients presented symptoms before the age of 18 years. Each diagnosis was further confirmed by GAA enzyme activity and GAA variants. The carrier rate of GAA varients was calculated based on variants detected by whole exon sequencing among 2 395 healthy children in Guangzhou. Results: Among the 57 PD patients (including male 26, female 31),twenty-eight patients with infantile onset PD (IOPD) presented with progressive general muscle weakness and cardiomyopathy. The mean ages of symptom onset and diagnosis were (2.5±1.4) and (5.0±3.0) months, respectively. Twenty-six cases died in the first year after birth.Twenty-three patients with late onset PD (LOPD) presented with progressive muscle weakness. Seven of them had respiratory failure at diagnosis. The mean ages of symptom onset and diagnosis were (12.0±5.0) and (17.0±7.5) years, respectively. Six children with atypical IOPD showed motor delay, muscle weakness and cardiomyopathy. Their diagnosis was confirmed at 2.5-7.0 years of age. Among the 57 patients, 47 different variants were identified in the GAA gene. Three variants: c.797C>T, c.1109G>A and c.1757C>T were novel. c.1935C>A (25/114, 21.9%) and c.2238G>C (15/114, 13.2%) were the most common variants, detected in 57.1% of IOPD and 65.2% (15/23) of LOPD patients, respectively. Among the 28 IOPD patients, 26 cases (92.9%) carried at least one missense variant which indicated positive cross-reactive immunologic material (CRIM). The carrier rate of pathogenic variants in GAA gene among healthy children was 24/2 395. The estimated incidence of PD in this population is about 1/40 000. The frequencies of pseudodeficiency variants c.1726G>A and c.2065G>A homozygotes were 26.3% (15/57) and 35.1% (20/57) in PD patients, which were significantly higher than those (1.7% (40/2 395) and 3.9% (94/2 395)) in healthy children (χ²=151.2, 121.9; both P<0.01). Conclusions: PD presents as a spectrum, some as atypical IOPD. The c.1935C>A and c.2238G>C are common variants, correlated with IOPD and LOPD respectively. The c.796C>T and c.1082C>T are usually found in atypical IOPD. The majority of IOPD patients is predicted to be CRIM positive. The estimated incidence of PD is about 1/40 000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Huang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - H Y Sheng
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - X F Jia
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - X Y Su
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - X Y Zhao
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - T Xie
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - C F Tang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - S C Liu
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - X Z Li
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - H F Mei
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - C H Zeng
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - L Liu
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
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Shieh YK, Liu SC, Lung Lu C. Scaffolding Contigs Using Multiple Reference Genomes. Comput Biol Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.93456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Scaffolding is an important step of the genome assembly and its function is to order and orient the contigs in the assembly of a draft genome into larger scaffolds. Several single reference-based scaffolders have currently been proposed. However, a single reference genome may not be sufficient alone for a scaffolder to correctly scaffold a target draft genome, especially when the target genome and the reference genome have distant evolutionary relationship or some rearrangements. This motivates researchers to develop the so-called multiple reference-based scaffolders that can utilize multiple reference genomes, which may provide different but complementary types of scaffolding information, to scaffold the target draft genome. In this chapter, we will review some of the state-of-the-art multiple reference-based scaffolders, such as Ragout, MeDuSa and Multi-CAR, and give a complete introduction to Multi-CSAR, an improved extension of Multi-CAR.
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Tang F, Tang CF, Jiang X, Jia XF, Liu SC, Chen QY, Huang YL. [Correlation analysis of genotypes and the enzymatic activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in neonates in Guangzhou]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 54:1275-1282. [PMID: 33147929 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200611-00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To reveal the relationship between G6PD genotypes and the G6PD enzyme activities in dried blood spots of newborn screening. Methods: Simple random sampling procedure was used in this study. The fluorescence PCR melting curve analysis was performed to classify G6PD gene variants in 635 neonates coming from Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center during October 1 to 20, 2016, including 15 reported variants. Those samples consisted of 377 cases with screening positive results (261 from males and 116 from females) and 258 cases with screening negative results (32 from males and 226 from females). The cut-off value of G6PD was less than 2.6 U/g Hb in dry blood spots. Sanger sequencing for G6PD gene was used in 7 cases with screening negative results under simple random sampling. One-way ANOVA and least significant difference method (LSD) test were performed to compare the difference of G6PD activity among genotypes. Results: The top 6 frequency of G6PD gene variants were c.1388G>A(35.07%), c.1376G>T(32.13%), c.95A>G(12.72%), c.871G>A(8.32%), c.1024C>T(4.08%) and c.392G>T(2.28%), accounting for 94.62% of all variant alleles (580/613). A total of 253 males positive for enzyme activity were detected to have gene mutations. The positive rate of G6PD enzyme activity was 98.06%(253/258). The mean values of G6PD activities for c.1376G>T,c.95A>G and c.1388G>A were 0.85, 1.10 and 1.28 U/g Hb, respectively. There were significant differences among the three groups (F=28.7, P<0.01). A total of 105 females positive for enzyme activity were detected to have gene mutations. The positive rate of G6PD enzyme activity was 90.52%(105/116). The positive rate of G6PD enzyme activity was 26.95% among 256 females with one point mutation while it was 83.72% in females with multi-allele variants. The G6PD activity of heterozygous females was (2.9±0.8) U/g Hb, which was significant higher than that of females with multi-allele variants (1.5±1.0) U/g Hb (t=8.6,P<0.01). Conclusions: G6PD activities in dried blood spots were related to G6PD genotypes in males. They were also associated with the numbers of allele variants in females. Newborn screening for G6PD deficiency can be used to detect most of G6PD-deficient hemizygotes and female patients with multi-allele variants, which is helpful for preventing neonatal jaundice and medicine application.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - C F Tang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - X Jiang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - X F Jia
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - S C Liu
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Q Y Chen
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Y L Huang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
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Huang YL, Tang CF, Liu SC, Sheng HY, Tang F, Jiang X, Zheng RD, Mei HF, Liu L. [Newborn screening for primary carnitine deficiency and variant spectrum of SLC22A5 gene in Guangzhou]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2020; 58:476-481. [PMID: 32521959 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20200323-00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate and improve the performance of the newborn screening program for primary carnitine deficiency (PCD) based on tandem mass spectrometry and to investigate the incidence of PCD and molecular characteristics of SLC22A5 gene in Guangzhou. Methods: A total of 200 180 neonates born in Guangzhou from 2015 to 2019 were enrolled into the newborn screening program for PCD by tandem mass spectrometry at Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center. The positive results of screening for PCD was defined as free carnitine (C0) less than 10 μmol/L with decreased acylcarnitine species in dried blood spots of three to seven days after birth. Screen-positive newborns and their mothers were recalled for another blood spot sample. The diagnosis was confirmed based on decreased levels of C0 and acylcarnitine species in recalled blood spots and genetic analysis in SLC22A5 gene sequencing. The utility of using the sum of propionylcarnitine and palmitoylcarnitine (C3+C16) as a biomarker for acylcarnitine species in newborn screening was retrospectively evaluated. The levels of C0 and (C3+C16) at first screening were compared between newborns with PCD and newborns born to mothers with PCD by independent t test. The variant spectrum and known pathogenic variants carrier rate of SLC22A5 in 2 395 healthy children in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center through whole exon sequencing were analyzed. Results: Among 200 180 neonates, 239 (0.12%) cases were screen-positive for PCD. A total of 37 patients including 15 newborns and 22 mothers had confirmed PCD. The incidence of PCD was 1/13 345 in newborns and 1/9 099 in mothers, respectively. The positive predictive value of this program was 15.5%. Taking cutoff values of C0<8.5 μmol/L or C0 8.5~9.9 μmol/L with (C3+C16)<2 μmol/L, the number of screen-positive cases would be reduced from 810 to 224 without additional false negative case, when compared with cutoff value C0<10 μmol/L only. Both levels of C0 and (C3+C16) at first screening were not significant difference between newborns with PCD and newborns born to mothers with PCD ((6.2±2.4) vs. (5.0±1.8) μmol/L, (1.4±0.4) vs. (1.2±0.5) μmol/L, t=3.826, 0.326; P=0.058, 0.572). Seven PCD mothers experienced moderate fatigue and dizziness in the morning. One of them presented with cardiomyopathy in pregnancy. Genetic analysis of the SLC22A5 gene showed that p.S467C, p.F17L, p.R254X were the three most common variants in newborns with PCD. In PCD mothers and healthy children, the p.S467C, p.F17L and R399W were the three most common whereas the severe variant p.R254X was rare. The population carrier rate for pathogenic variants was 1 in 65 and the estimated incidence of PCD was about 1/16 500. Conclusions: Newborn screening can detect PCD both in newborns and mothers. Adding a quantitative biomarker (C3+C16) <2 μmol/L into the newborn screening program can improve the PCD screen performance. The severe variant p.R253X was common in PCD newborns but rare in PCD mothers and healthy children, indicating that the current screening program maybe failed to detect all PCD newborns and under-estimated the incidence rate of PCD in Guangzhou.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Huang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - C F Tang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - S C Liu
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - H Y Sheng
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - F Tang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - X Jiang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - R D Zheng
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - H F Mei
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - L Liu
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
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Qin Z, Wang HI, Chen ZY, Chen CH, Tien PL, Liu MH, Liu SC, Hung CM, Tsai CC, Huang YP. Digital halftoning method with simultaneously optimized perceptual image quality and drive current for multi-tonal electrophoretic displays. Appl Opt 2020; 59:201-209. [PMID: 32225289 DOI: 10.1364/ao.59.000201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
While using digital halftoning to achieve multi-tones in a 1 bit electrophoretic display (EPD), e.g., a three-pigment chromatic EPD, the drive current is significantly increased because of frequently reversed pixel values. Aimed at this issue, this study first establishes a model that can accurately predict the drive current from image content. Next, based on the direct binary search method, a new halftoning method is proposed by constructing a combined merit function that incorporates both the perceptual image quality and the drive current. As a result, in experiments using a 13.5 in. three-pigment EPD and several test images, compared with the well-developed error-diffusion method, the proposed method produces little image quality degradation, whereas the drive current increase with respect to the minimum current of the EPD is reduced from 71.8 to 33.0 mA, for a significant reduction of 54.0%.
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Tang CF, Liu SC, Feng Y, Mei HF, Liu HP, Feng JW, Ye LX, Wang GQ, Liu L, Huang YL. [Newborn screening program and blood amino acid profiling in early neonates with citrin deficiency]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2019; 57:797-801. [PMID: 31594068 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the profiles of blood amino acid and acylcarnitine in early neonates with neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD) and the sensitivity of newborn screening, and to explore potential biochemical metabolic markers for newborn screening program. Methods: Amino acid and acylcarnitine profiles in dried blood spots of newborn screening program were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). A total of 158 651 neonates born in Guangzhou from January 1, 2015 to June 30, 2019 were enrolled in this newborn screening program, and additionally 55 patients with NICCD confirmed by SLC25A13 gene analysis in Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center were included in this study. NICCD screen-positive was defined as the cutoff value of citrulline (Cit) ≥ 30 μmol/L. The values of blood sampling time of the true positive group and those of the false negative group were compared by t-test. The levels of amino acid and acylcarnitine among different groups, including true positive group (Cit≥30 μmol/L), false negative group (Cit 21-<30 μmol/L and Cit<21 μmol/L) and the normal control group, were analyzed by F test, respectively. Results: Among 158 651 neonates, 39 neonates were positive for NICCD screening. Three of them were confirmed NICCD and 4 cases were found to be false negatives. The positive predictive value was 7.7% and the sensitivity was about 43.0%. Among 55 patients with NICCD, 18 cases (18/55, 32.7%) were true positives and 37 cases (37/55, 67.3%) were false negatives based on the cutoff value of citrulline in the dried blood spots for newborn screening. The blood sampling time was significantly different between true positive group and false negative group ((4.28±1.6) vs. (2.98±0.74) d, t=4.06, P<0.01). The increased levels of tyrosine((176.0±98.4) μmol/L), methionine ((37.0±26.9) μmol/L) and phenylalanine ((133.0±80.9)μmol/L) in Cit≥30 μmol/L group (n=18) were significantly different as compared with those in the other three groups, respectively (F=117.0, 58.5, 135.0, P<0.01). The levels of arginine ( (10.0±9.2) , (11.0±9.3) , (9.0±17.8) μmol/L), valine ( (119.0±29.8) , (107.6±14.1) , (102±68) μmol/L) and leucine ( (167.0±37.1) , (161.0±37.7) , (163.5±180.6) μmol/L) were not statistically significant among groups of Cit≥30 μmol/L(n=18), Cit21-<30 μmol/L(n=7) and Cit<21μmol/L(n=30,P>0.05), but they were significantly higher than those of the normal control group ((4±3), (78±21), (114.0±31.5) μmol/L, n=1 000), respectively(F=30.1, 23.0, 29.8, P<0.01). Alanine (Ala) ( (150±50) , (156.0±30.2), (168±105), (152±52) μmol/L) levels showed no significant difference (F=0.86, P>0.05) but the ratios of Ala/Cit (1.52±1.44, 6.82±1.56, 12.06±7.71, 19.42±6.27) decreased significantly among the four groups (F=69.0, P<0.05). The acylcarnitine levels showed no statistically significant results among the different groups (P>0.05). With Cit≥30 μmol/L and Ala/Cit<7.5 as cutoff values, the number of screen-positive cases reduced from 39 to 22 cases with no additional false negative case. With Cit≥21 μmol/L and Ala/Cit<7.5 as cutoff values the number of screen-positive cases increased to 117 cases with 1 additional true positive. Conclusions: The profiles of blood amino acid in early neonates with NICCD present the increased levels of multiple amino acids including citrulline, tyrosine, methionine and phenylalanine, and decreased ratio of Ala/Cit. Taking citrulline and ratio of Ala/Cit as screening markers can improve the positive predictive value appropriately. The limited sensitivity of NICCD newborn screening may be related to early blood sampling time.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Tang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - S C Liu
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Y Feng
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - H F Mei
- Genetics and Endocrinology Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - H P Liu
- Foshan Newborn Screening Center, Foshan Women and Children's Hospital, Foshan 528000, China
| | - J W Feng
- Yunfu Newborn Screening Center, Yunfu Women and Children's Hospital, Yunfu 527300, China
| | - L X Ye
- Dongguan Newborn Screening Center, Dongguan Women and Children's Hospital, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - G Q Wang
- Zhuhai Newborn Screening Center, Zhuhai Women and Children's Hospital, Zhuhai 523000, China
| | - L Liu
- Genetics and Endocrinology Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Y L Huang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510180, China
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Wang HI, Qin Z, Tien PL, Liu MH, Liu SC, Hung CM, Tsai CC, Huang YP. 29‐2: Simultaneous Optimization of Halftoning Image Quality and TFT Power Consumption for Multi‐tonal E‐papers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/sdtp.12942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-I Wang
- Department of PhotonicsNational Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Zong Qin
- Department of PhotonicsNational Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan R.O.C
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi-Pai Huang
- Department of PhotonicsNational Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan R.O.C
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Gong BF, Tan YH, Liao AJ, Li J, Mao YY, Lu N, Ding Y, Jiang EL, Gong TJ, Jia ZL, Sun Y, Li BZ, Liu SC, Du J, Huang WR, Wei H, Wang JX. [Impact of KIT D816 mutation on salvage therapy in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21) translocation]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2018; 39:460-464. [PMID: 30032560 PMCID: PMC7342923 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the impact of KIT D816 mutation on the salvage therapy in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21) translocation. Method: The characteristics of the first relapsed AML with t(8;21) translocation from 10 hospitals were retrospectively collected, complete remission (CR(2)) rate after one course salvage chemotherapy and the relationship between KIT mutation and CR(2) rate was analyzed. Results: 68 cases were enrolled in this study, and 30 cases (44.1%) achieved CR(2). All patients received KIT mutation detection, and KIT D816 mutation was identified in 26 cases. The KIT D816 positive group had significantly lower CR(2) compared with non-KIT D816 group (23.1% vs 57.1%, χ(2)=7.559, P=0.006), and patients with longer CR(1) duration achieved significantly higher CR(2) than those with CR(1) duration less than 12 months (74.1% vs 31.9%, χ(2)=9.192, P=0.002). KIT D816 mutation was tightly related to shorter CR(1) duration. No significant difference of 2 years post relapse survival was observed between KIT D816 mutation and non-KIT D816 mutation group. Conclusion: KIT D816 mutation at diagnosis was an adverse factor on the salvage therapy in relapsed AML with t(8;21) translocation, significantly related to shorter CR1 duration, and can be used for prediction of salvage therapy response. KIT D816 mutation could guide the decision-making of salvage therapy in relapsed AML with t(8;21) translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - J X Wang
- Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Tianjin 300020, China
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Liu SC, Yi TC, Weng HY, Zhang L, Li YX, Mohetaboer M, Zhang Y, Jiang J, Li JP, Huo Y. [Prognostic value of myeloperoxidase concentration in patients with acute coronary syndrome]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2018; 46:284-291. [PMID: 29747324 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the difference of plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) level in different types of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, and the value of baseline MPO level in predicting short-term and long-term outcomes in patients with ACS. Methods: The study cohort was derived from "the 12th Five-Year" National Science and Technology Support Program Project "Study on Comprehensive Intervention and Prognosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome" . We enrolled all hospitalized ACS patients who were enrolled in "the 12th Five-Year" cohort from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013. A total of 630 patients from 20 centers were enrolled. According to the diagnosis, the patients were divided into two groups: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) group and non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) group. Plasma levels of MPO were measured by ELISA method. Cardiovascular events in the hospital were recorded. All patients were followed-up by telephone, follow-up ended December 31, 2015. The occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, defined as cardiac death, recurrent myocardial infarction, unscheduled coronary revascularization procedure and stroke) and all-cause death were recorded. Logistic regression analysis and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the predictive value of baseline MPO levels obtained during hospitalization and the long-term outcomes of ACS patients. Results: A total of 597 ACS patients were enrolled in final analysis. Level of plasma MPO in STEMI patients was significantly higher than that of NSTE-ACS patients (34.02(19.31, 67.87) μg/L vs. 27.25(16.69, 52.92) μg/L, P=0.028) . MPO was not related to the in-hospital cardiovascular events (OR=0.797, 95%CI 0.366-1.737, P=0.569). Follow up was completed in 476 patients, median follow-up time was 796 (32, 1 816) days. There were 23 all-cause deaths and 51 MACE. Plasma MPO level was not an independent predictor for all-cause death (HR=1.434, 95%CI 0.502-4.100, P=0.501) and MACE (HR=1.271, 95%CI 0.662-2.442, P=0.471). Conclusion: In hospitalized ACS patients, level of plasma MPO was significantly higher in STEMI patients than in NSTE-ACS patients, but MPO could not predict the short-term or long-term outcomes in patients with ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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Krychowiak M, Adnan A, Alonso A, Andreeva T, Baldzuhn J, Barbui T, Beurskens M, Biel W, Biedermann C, Blackwell BD, Bosch HS, Bozhenkov S, Brakel R, Bräuer T, Brotas de Carvalho B, Burhenn R, Buttenschön B, Cappa A, Cseh G, Czarnecka A, Dinklage A, Drews P, Dzikowicka A, Effenberg F, Endler M, Erckmann V, Estrada T, Ford O, Fornal T, Frerichs H, Fuchert G, Geiger J, Grulke O, Harris JH, Hartfuß HJ, Hartmann D, Hathiramani D, Hirsch M, Höfel U, Jabłoński S, Jakubowski MW, Kaczmarczyk J, Klinger T, Klose S, Knauer J, Kocsis G, König R, Kornejew P, Krämer-Flecken A, Krawczyk N, Kremeyer T, Książek I, Kubkowska M, Langenberg A, Laqua HP, Laux M, Lazerson S, Liang Y, Liu SC, Lorenz A, Marchuk AO, Marsen S, Moncada V, Naujoks D, Neilson H, Neubauer O, Neuner U, Niemann H, Oosterbeek JW, Otte M, Pablant N, Pasch E, Sunn Pedersen T, Pisano F, Rahbarnia K, Ryć L, Schmitz O, Schmuck S, Schneider W, Schröder T, Schuhmacher H, Schweer B, Standley B, Stange T, Stephey L, Svensson J, Szabolics T, Szepesi T, Thomsen H, Travere JM, Trimino Mora H, Tsuchiya H, Weir GM, Wenzel U, Werner A, Wiegel B, Windisch T, Wolf R, Wurden GA, Zhang D, Zimbal A, Zoletnik S. Overview of diagnostic performance and results for the first operation phase in Wendelstein 7-X (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D304. [PMID: 27910389 DOI: 10.1063/1.4964376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Wendelstein 7-X, a superconducting optimized stellarator built in Greifswald/Germany, started its first plasmas with the last closed flux surface (LCFS) defined by 5 uncooled graphite limiters in December 2015. At the end of the 10 weeks long experimental campaign (OP1.1) more than 20 independent diagnostic systems were in operation, allowing detailed studies of many interesting plasma phenomena. For example, fast neutral gas manometers supported by video cameras (including one fast-frame camera with frame rates of tens of kHz) as well as visible cameras with different interference filters, with field of views covering all ten half-modules of the stellarator, discovered a MARFE-like radiation zone on the inboard side of machine module 4. This structure is presumably triggered by an inadvertent plasma-wall interaction in module 4 resulting in a high impurity influx that terminates some discharges by radiation cooling. The main plasma parameters achieved in OP1.1 exceeded predicted values in discharges of a length reaching 6 s. Although OP1.1 is characterized by short pulses, many of the diagnostics are already designed for quasi-steady state operation of 30 min discharges heated at 10 MW of ECRH. An overview of diagnostic performance for OP1.1 is given, including some highlights from the physics campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Krychowiak
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Adnan
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Alonso
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - T Andreeva
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Baldzuhn
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Barbui
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Beurskens
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - W Biel
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C Biedermann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B D Blackwell
- Australian National University, Acton ACT, 2601 Canberra, Australia
| | - H S Bosch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Bozhenkov
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R Brakel
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Bräuer
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Brotas de Carvalho
- Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear, Avenue Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Burhenn
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Buttenschön
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Cappa
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Cseh
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Czarnecka
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Dinklage
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - P Drews
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A Dzikowicka
- University of Szczecin, al. Papieża Jana Pawła II 22A, Szczecin, Poland
| | - F Effenberg
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Endler
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - V Erckmann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Estrada
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - O Ford
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Fornal
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - H Frerichs
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - G Fuchert
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Geiger
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - O Grulke
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J H Harris
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - H J Hartfuß
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Hartmann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Hathiramani
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Hirsch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - U Höfel
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Jabłoński
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M W Jakubowski
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Kaczmarczyk
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Klinger
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Klose
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Knauer
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - G Kocsis
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - R König
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - P Kornejew
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Krämer-Flecken
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - N Krawczyk
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kremeyer
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - I Książek
- Opole University, pl. Kopernika 11a, 45-040 Opole, Poland
| | - M Kubkowska
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Langenberg
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H P Laqua
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Laux
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Lazerson
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - Y Liang
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S C Liu
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A Lorenz
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A O Marchuk
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S Marsen
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - V Moncada
- CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - D Naujoks
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Neilson
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - O Neubauer
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - U Neuner
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Niemann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J W Oosterbeek
- Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - M Otte
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - N Pablant
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - E Pasch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Sunn Pedersen
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - F Pisano
- University of Cagliari, Via Università, 40, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - K Rahbarnia
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - L Ryć
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - O Schmitz
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Schmuck
- Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - W Schneider
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Schröder
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Schuhmacher
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - B Schweer
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B Standley
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Stange
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - L Stephey
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Svensson
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Szabolics
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Szepesi
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - H Thomsen
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J-M Travere
- CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - H Trimino Mora
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Tsuchiya
- NIFS National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - G M Weir
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - U Wenzel
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Werner
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Wiegel
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - T Windisch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R Wolf
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - G A Wurden
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Zimbal
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - S Zoletnik
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
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20
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Li GS, Yang Y, Wang YM, Ming TF, Han X, Liu SC, Wang EH, Liu YK, Yang WJ, Li GQ, Hu QS, Gao X. Preliminary consideration of CFETR ITER-like case diagnostic system. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D401. [PMID: 27910474 DOI: 10.1063/1.4955293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chinese Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) is a new superconducting tokamak device being designed in China, which aims at bridging the gap between ITER and DEMO, where DEMO is a tokamak demonstration fusion reactor. Two diagnostic cases, ITER-like case and towards DEMO case, have been considered for CFETR early and later operating phases, respectively. In this paper, some preliminary consideration of ITER-like case will be presented. Based on ITER diagnostic system, three versions of increased complexity and coverage of the ITER-like case diagnostic system have been developed with different goals and functions. Version A aims only machine protection and basic control. Both of version B and version C are mainly for machine protection, basic and advanced control, but version C has an increased level of redundancy necessary for improved measurements capability. The performance of these versions and needed R&D work are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Li
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y M Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - T F Ming
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - X Han
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - S C Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - E H Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y K Liu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - W J Yang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - G Q Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Q S Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - X Gao
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
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21
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Liu SC, Han XM, Shi M, Pang ZL. Persistence of uropathogenic Escherichia Coli in the bladders of female patients with sterile urine after antibiotic therapies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 36:710-715. [PMID: 27752899 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-016-1649-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to provide evidence of persistent uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) in female patients with recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) after antibiotic therapy. We collected biopsies of the bladder, and clean-catch urine samples from 32 women who had episodes of recurrent UTI and were given antibiotic therapy. Urine samples and biopsies were analyzed by conventional bacteriological techniques. Phylogenetic group and 16 virulence factors (VFs) of UPEC were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The infection capability of UPEC was confirmed in a mouse model. Immunofluorescence and electron microscopy were used to detect intracellular bacterial communities (IBCs) in the mouse model. The results showed that all urine specimens were detected sterile. E. coli was found in 6 of 32 biopsies (18.75%), and was identified to be UPEC by PCR. Different VFs associated with the formation of IBCs were identified in all six UPEC isolates. Each UPEC isolate was capable of forming IBCs within the bladder epithelial cells of mice. In conclusion, UPEC with distinctive pathological traits and the capability of IBC formation was first found in the bladders of women after antibiotic therapy, suggesting that the IBC pathogenic pathway may occur in humans and it plays an important role in UTI recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Cheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiao-Min Han
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Ming Shi
- Department of Urology, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Zi-Li Pang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
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22
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Xu JC, Wang L, Xu GS, Luo GN, Yao DM, Li Q, Cao L, Chen L, Zhang W, Liu SC, Wang HQ, Jia MN, Feng W, Deng GZ, Hu LQ, Wan BN, Li J, Sun YW, Guo HY. Upgrade of Langmuir probe diagnostic in ITER-like tungsten mono-block divertor on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:083504. [PMID: 27587120 DOI: 10.1063/1.4960181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to withstand rapid increase in particle and power impact onto the divertor and demonstrate the feasibility of the ITER design under long pulse operation, the upper divertor of the EAST tokamak has been upgraded to actively water-cooled, ITER-like tungsten mono-block structure since the 2014 campaign, which is the first attempt for ITER on the tokamak devices. Therefore, a new divertor Langmuir probe diagnostic system (DivLP) was designed and successfully upgraded on the tungsten divertor to obtain the plasma parameters in the divertor region such as electron temperature, electron density, particle and heat fluxes. More specifically, two identical triple probe arrays have been installed at two ports of different toroidal positions (112.5-deg separated toroidally), which can provide fundamental data to study the toroidal asymmetry of divertor power deposition and related 3-dimension (3D) physics, as induced by resonant magnetic perturbations, lower hybrid wave, and so on. The shape of graphite tip and fixed structure of the probe are designed according to the structure of the upper tungsten divertor. The ceramic support, small graphite tip, and proper connector installed make it possible to be successfully installed in the very narrow interval between the cassette body and tungsten mono-block, i.e., 13.5 mm. It was demonstrated during the 2014 and 2015 commissioning campaigns that the newly upgraded divertor Langmuir probe diagnostic system is successful. Representative experimental data are given and discussed for the DivLP measurements, then proving its availability and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - G S Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - G N Luo
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - D M Yao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Q Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Cao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - W Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S C Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - H Q Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - M N Jia
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - W Feng
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - G Z Deng
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - B N Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - J Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y W Sun
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - H Y Guo
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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23
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Fang XB, Liu SC, Wu QY, Li SM, Cheng YY, Fu HY, Lu C, Su D, Yu H, Hao LL. Linkage analysis of SNPs in IGFBP-6 and its relation with the body sizes of pig. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:17273-80. [PMID: 26681221 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.16.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-6 (IGFBP-6) is a member of the IGFBP family, which is known to be a key factor in regulating the effect of insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) on the animal growth and development. Gene sequences of 3'-untranslated regions (UTR) and exon 4 of IGFBP-6 may influence the expression and proteolysis of IGFBP-6. In this study, 551 bp of the IGFBP-6 (including 257 bp of intron 3, exon 4, and 170 bp of 3' UTR) were sequenced and compared in the Bama and Tibetan mini-pigs, the Landrace and Large White pigs, and the Northeast wild boars. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected in the IGFBP-6, in which T593C, T636C, and T745C were in intron 3, A67G was in exon 4, and G37A was in 3' UTR. T636C, T745C, and A67G were in linkage and formed four kinds of haplotypes, with CCT being the dominant haplotype in the mini-pigs; however, the haplotype block was not formed in the Landrace pigs and Large White pigs or the Northeast wild boars. Based on the above results, we concluded that the SNPs and haplotype of the IGFBP-6 may be related to the mini-size formation of the pig.
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Affiliation(s)
- X B Fang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - S C Liu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Q Y Wu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - S M Li
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Y Y Cheng
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - H Y Fu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - C Lu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - D Su
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - H Yu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - L L Hao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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24
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Li YL, Xu GS, Tritz K, Zhu YB, Wan BN, Lan H, Liu YL, Wei J, Zhang W, Hu GH, Wang HQ, Duan YM, Zhao JL, Wang L, Liu SC, Ye Y, Li J, Lin X, Li XL. Edge multi-energy soft x-ray diagnostic in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:123512. [PMID: 26724032 DOI: 10.1063/1.4938155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A multi-energy soft x-ray (ME-SXR) diagnostic has been built for electron temperature profile in the edge plasma region in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) after two rounds of campaigns. Originally, five preamplifiers were mounted inside the EAST vacuum vessel chamber attached to five vertically stacked compact diode arrays. A custom mechanical structure was designed to protect the detectors and electronics under constraints of the tangential field of view for plasma edge and the allocation of space. In the next experiment, the mechanical structure was redesigned with a barrel structure to absolutely isolate it from the vacuum vessel. Multiple shielding structures were mounted at the pinhole head to protect the metal foils from lithium coating. The pre-amplifiers were moved to the outside of the vacuum chamber to avoid introducing interference. Twisted copper cooling tube was embedded into the back-shell near the diode to limit the temperature of the preamplifiers and diode arrays during vacuum vessel baking when the temperature reached 150 °C. Electron temperature profiles were reconstructed from ME-SXR measurements using neural networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - G S Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - K Tritz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Y B Zhu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - B N Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - H Lan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y L Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J Wei
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - W Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - G H Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - H Q Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y M Duan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J L Zhao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - L Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - S C Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Ye
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - X Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - X L Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
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25
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Chen ZM, Shen GZ, Li YP, Zhang P, Ji HW, Liu SC, Li CY, Qian ZJ. A novel biomimetic logic gate for sensitive and selective detection of Pb(II) base on porous alumina nanochannels. Electrochem commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2015.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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26
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Liu SC, Chen FC, Wang KH, Lin YH, Hurng BS. Reductions on Inequalities in Secondhand Smoke Exposure at Home among Children in Taiwan. Eur J Public Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv175.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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27
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Li T, Xing Y, Liu SC, Han XM, Li WC, Chen M. Long-term versus short-term introvesical chemotherapy in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published results of randomized clinical trials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 34:706-715. [PMID: 25318881 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-014-1340-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In order to assess the effect of long-term versus short-term intravesical chemotherapy in preventing the recurrence of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, we searched several databases with words as mesh terms and free text words to find all eligible randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for the comparison of the two strategies of instillation durations. "Observed-Expected events research (O-E)" and "Variance (V)" for calculating hazard ratio (HR) were used in Revman 5.2 software recommended by Cochrane Collabration for data analysis. Sensitivity and subgroup analysis were selected to minish heterogeneity. GRADEpro 3.6 profile recommended by Cochrane Collabration was employed for quality assessment of analyses. Finally, 13 eligible RCTs with 4216 patients were included in this review and 16 comparisons from 13 trials were involved for analysis. The pooled analysis revealed no significant difference between long-term and short-term duration [HR=0.99, 95% CI (0.89, 1.11), P=0.89]. Within the subgroup analysis, patients benefited from long-term instillations with a start regimen of one immediate instillation [HR=0.83, 95% CI (0.69, 1.00), P=0.05]. But patients were not suitable to receive long-term instillations with epirubicin (EPI) [HR=1.01, 95% CI (0.91, 1.13), P=0.78]. The progression rate was not reduced after long-term instillations [HR=0.96, 95% CI (0.66, 1.39), P=0.82]. From our results, patients should not receive introvesical chemotherapy more than half a year. In contrast, patients with one immediate instillation are preferred to have a long-term duration at least one year. Long-term instillations can not reduce the progression rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Li
- Department of Urology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Xing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shu-Cheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiao-Min Han
- Department of Urology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wen-Cheng Li
- Department of Urology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Urology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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28
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Wang HQ, Xu GS, Wan BN, Ding SY, Guo HY, Shao LM, Liu SC, Xu XQ, Wang E, Yan N, Naulin V, Nielsen AH, Rasmussen JJ, Candy J, Bravenec R, Sun YW, Shi TH, Liang YF, Chen R, Zhang W, Wang L, Chen L, Zhao N, Li YL, Liu YL, Hu GH, Gong XZ. New edge coherent mode providing continuous transport in long-pulse H-mode plasmas. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:185004. [PMID: 24856704 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.185004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An electrostatic coherent mode near the electron diamagnetic frequency (20-90 kHz) is observed in the steep-gradient pedestal region of long pulse H-mode plasmas in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak, using a newly developed dual gas-puff-imaging system and diamond-coated reciprocating probes. The mode propagates in the electron diamagnetic direction in the plasma frame with poloidal wavelength of ∼8 cm. The mode drives a significant outflow of particles and heat as measured directly with the probes, thus greatly facilitating long pulse H-mode sustainment. This mode shows the nature of dissipative trapped electron mode, as evidenced by gyrokinetic turbulence simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Q Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - G S Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - B N Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S Y Ding
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - H Y Guo
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China and General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - L M Shao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S C Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - X Q Xu
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - E Wang
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Yan
- Association EURATOM-DTU, Physics Department, DK 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - V Naulin
- Association EURATOM-DTU, Physics Department, DK 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - A H Nielsen
- Association EURATOM-DTU, Physics Department, DK 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - J Juul Rasmussen
- Association EURATOM-DTU, Physics Department, DK 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - J Candy
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - R Bravenec
- Fourth State Research, 503 Lockhart Drive, Austin, Texas 78704-4335, USA
| | - Y W Sun
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - T H Shi
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y F Liang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - R Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - W Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - N Zhao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y L Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y L Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - G H Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - X Z Gong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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29
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Chen A, Hao LL, Fang XB, Lu K, Liu SC, Zhang YL. Polymorphism analysis of IGFBP-5 gene exon 1 in Tibet Mini-pig and Junmu No. 1 White pig. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:1643-9. [PMID: 24668639 DOI: 10.4238/2014.march.12.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The genetic resources and the mechanism of miniaturization in the Tibet Mini-pig have not been comprehensively studied. Polymorphisms in genes related to the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis have been investigated for years, but few on the polymorphism of IGF-binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) in the Tibetan pig. In this study, allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) was used to analyze polymorphisms in exon 1 of the IGFBP-5 gene in two pig breeds, Tibet Mini-pigs and Junmu No. 1 White pigs. A BLAST analysis of the expressed sequence tags in the porcine IGFBP-5 gene revealed that exon 1 of this gene has two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), G188T and G503A. The AS-PCR results demonstrated that in both pig breeds examined, the TT, GT, and GG genotypes existed at the G188T locus, with GT as the most common genotype. At the G503A locus, GG, GA, and AA genotypes existed in Junmu No. 1 White pigs, with the GA genotype as the most frequently occurring. By contrast, at this locus, only the GA and AA genotypes were observed in the Tibetan pigs, and AA was more common than GA. There was a significant difference (P < 0.01) in allele distribution between the two breeds at the G503A locus but not the G188T locus, and there was a lower polymorphism information content for the two polymorphic loci in Tibet Mini-pigs than in Junmu No. 1 White pigs. The present study revealed SNPs in exon 1 of IGFBP-5 gene in the Tibet Mini-pig, possibly providing more understanding of the mechanism of miniaturization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chen
- Animal Nutrition Department, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - L L Hao
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Jinlin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - X B Fang
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Jinlin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - K Lu
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Jinlin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - S C Liu
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Jinlin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Y L Zhang
- Animal Nutrition Department, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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30
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the anatomical features of the anterior opening of the vidian canal using three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) images of the bone. METHODS We reviewed 62 patients who had undergone bilateral vidian neurectomies. One hundred and twenty-four vidian canals and their surrounding anatomies were analyzed. 3D images were reconstructed using algorithms and compared with conventional two-dimensional (2D) CT images. RESULTS A bony prominence that overlaid the vidian canal along the sphenoid sinus floor was found in 60 (48.39 %) canals. Pneumatization of the pterygoid process was observed in 45 sides (36.29%). No significant discrepancy was found in detecting these variances between the 2D and the 3D images. The presence of a surgically favorable gap between the palatine and the sphenoid bone was seen in 25 sides (20.16%) without significant association with pterygoid process pneumatization or vidian canal protrusion. This gap was not identified on the 2D CT scans. CONCLUSION 3D CT reconstruction images of bone provide superior delineation of the gap between the palatine and the sphenoid bone, which is a critical variation for vidian neurectomy. This useful method may contribute to better prediction and guidance of the surgical approach to the vidian canal and pterygopalatine fossa.
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Liu SC, Shao LM, Zweben SJ, Xu GS, Guo HY, Cao B, Wang HQ, Wang L, Yan N, Xia SB, Zhang W, Chen R, Chen L, Ding SY, Xiong H, Zhao Y, Wan BN, Gong XZ, Gao X. New dual gas puff imaging system with up-down symmetry on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:123506. [PMID: 23277986 DOI: 10.1063/1.4770122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Gas puff imaging (GPI) offers a direct and effective diagnostic to measure the edge turbulence structure and velocity in the edge plasma, which closely relates to edge transport and instability in tokamaks. A dual GPI diagnostic system has been installed on the low field side on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST). The two views are up-down symmetric about the midplane and separated by a toroidal angle of 66.6°. A linear manifold with 16 holes apart by 10 mm is used to form helium gas cloud at the 130×130 mm (radial versus poloidal) objective plane. A fast camera is used to capture the light emission from the image plane with a speed up to 390,804 frames/s with 64×64 pixels and an exposure time of 2.156 μs. The spatial resolution of the system is 2 mm at the objective plane. A total amount of 200 Pa.L helium gas is puffed into the plasma edge for each GPI viewing region for about 250 ms. The new GPI diagnostic has been applied on EAST for the first time during the recent experimental campaign under various plasma conditions, including ohmic, L-mode, and type-I, and type-III ELMy H-modes. Some of these initial experimental results are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, P. O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, China.
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32
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Xu GS, Wan BN, Wang HQ, Guo HY, Zhao HL, Liu AD, Naulin V, Diamond PH, Tynan GR, Xu M, Chen R, Jiang M, Liu P, Yan N, Zhang W, Wang L, Liu SC, Ding SY. First evidence of the role of zonal flows for the L-H transition at marginal input power in the EAST tokamak. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:125001. [PMID: 22026773 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.125001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A quasiperiodic Er oscillation at a frequency of <4 kHz, much lower than the geodesic-acoustic-mode frequency, with a modulation in edge turbulence preceding and following the low-to-high (L-H) confinement mode transition, has been observed for the first time in the EAST tokamak, using two toroidally separated reciprocating probes. Just prior to the L-H transition, the Er oscillation often evolves into intermittent negative Er spikes. The low-frequency Er oscillation, as well as the Er spikes, is strongly correlated with the turbulence-driven Reynolds stress, thus providing first evidence of the role of the zonal flows in the L-H transition at marginal input power. These new findings not only shed light on the underlying physics mechanism for the L-H transition, but also have significant implications for ITER operations close to the L-H transition threshold power.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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33
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Hao LL, Yu H, Zhang Y, Sun SC, Liu SC, Zeng YZ, Ai YX, Jiang HZ. Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of exons 3 and 4 of IGF-1 gene in pigs. Genet Mol Res 2011; 10:1689-95. [PMID: 21863562 DOI: 10.4238/vol10-3gmr1328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The IGF-1 gene has been implicated as a candidate gene for the regulation of pig growth traits. We analyzed exons 3 and 4 of IGF-1 gene polymorphisms of the Banna mini-pig (28), the Tibetan mini-pig (30), the Junmu pig (55), and L. Yorkshire species (50) using PCR-SSCP. Three genotypes in exon 3 and 6 genotypes in exon 4 were observed, among which, one single nucleotide polymorphism, G201A, on exon 3 and two single nucleotide polymorphisms, A440G and T455C, on exon 4 were found. Statistical analysis of genotype frequencies revealed that the A allele was dominant in the large pig at the G201A locus (PIC = 0.20-0.34), and the AT alleles were dominant in the large pig at the A440G and T455C loci (PIC = 0.30-0.60). The genotype distribution between the various groups was significantly different (P< 0.01), with the highest heterozygosity seen in Junmu pigs at 0.223 and the lowest seen in L. Yorkshire at 0.098. The genetic distance of the Junmu pig from the L. Yorkshire is the smallest, the distance from the Tibetan miniature pigs is larger, and the distance from the Banna mini-pig is the largest. The IGF-1 gene polymorphism and heterozygosity results from various pig breeds indicate that IGF-1 is substantially polymorphic with significant difference of the polymorphic distribution and expression levels among various pig breeds. This information provides a theoretical basis for the genetic background of miniature pigs but also provides means to breed improved pig varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Hao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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34
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Zhang W, Chang JF, Wan BN, Xu GS, Xiao CJ, Li B, Xu CS, Yan N, Wang L, Liu SC, Jiang M, Liu P. Fast reciprocating probe system on the EAST superconducting tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:113501. [PMID: 21133465 DOI: 10.1063/1.3499237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A new fast reciprocating probe system (FRPS) has been built and installed on the outer midplane of the EAST tokamak to investigate the profiles of the boundary plasma parameters such as electron density and temperature. The system consists of a two-stage motion drive mechanism: slow motion and fast motion. The fast motion is powered by a servo motor, which drives the probe horizontally up to 50 cm to scan the edge region of the EAST tokamak. The maximum velocity achieved is 2 m/s. High velocity and flexible control of the fast motion are the remarkable features of this FRPS. A specially designed connector installed at the front end of the probe shaft makes it easy to install or replace the probe head on FRPS. During the latest experimental campaign in the spring of 2010, a probe head with seven tips, including two tips for a Mach probe, has been used. An example is given for simultaneous profile measurements of the plasma temperature, plasma density, and the plasma flow velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China.
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35
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Zhang L, Zhang L, Liu SC, Zhang YJ, Han Y. [DNA-based methods for identification of seafood species]. Yi Chuan 2010; 32:555-560. [PMID: 20566458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
With the development of molecular biotechnology, methods for identification of seafood species are developed from protein to DNA. At present, the main DNA-based methods for species identification are FINS, PCR-RFLP, and specific-PCR, which have been used to identify the species of fresh, frozen, and pickled or canned seafood. However, qualitative and quantitative methods for identification of the mixed seafood species remain to be resolved. The gene databases play an important role in identifying species and are valuable information resources for identification of seafood species. In this paper, recent progresses of major DNA-based methods for identification of seafood species are reviewed and the perspectives of this field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Agricultural College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China.
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36
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Abstract
Xanthomonas maltophilia was transformed with the gene encoding Vitreoscilla (bacterial) hemoglobin, vgb, and the growth of the engineered strain was compared with that of the untransformed strain using benzoic acid as the sole carbon source. In general, growth of the engineered strain was greater than that of the untransformed strain; this was true for experiments using both overnight cultures and log phase cells as inocula, but particularly for the latter. In both cases the engineered strain was also more efficient than the untransformed strain in converting benzoic acid into biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Liu
- Division of Biology, Department of Biological, Chemical and Physical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology IIT Center, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
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37
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Huang SC, Liu SC, Li A, Su KW, Chen YF, Huang KF. AlGaInAs quantum-well as a saturable absorber in a diode-pumped passively Q-switched solid-state laser. Opt Lett 2007; 32:1480-2. [PMID: 17546161 DOI: 10.1364/ol.32.001480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate what is believed to be the first use of AlGaInAs quantum wells (QWs) as a saturable absorber in the Q switching of a high-power diode-pumped Nd-doped 1.06 mum laser. The barrier layers are designed to locate the QW groups in the region of the nodes of the lasing standing wave to avoid damage. With an incident pump power of 13.5 W, an average output power of 3.5 W with a Q-switched pulse width of 0.9 ns at a pulse repetition rate of 110 kHz was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Huang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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38
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Su KW, Huang SC, Li A, Liu SC, Chen YF, Huang KF. High-peak-power AlGaInAs quantum-well 1.3-mum laser pumped by a diode-pumped actively Q-switched solid-state laser. Opt Lett 2006; 31:2009-11. [PMID: 16770415 DOI: 10.1364/ol.31.002009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We report a room-temperature high-peak-power AlGaInAs 1.36 microm TEM00 laser pumped by a diode-pumped actively Q-switched Nd:YAG 1.06 microm laser. With an average pump power of 1.0 W, an average output power of 140 mW was obtained at a pulse repetition rate of 10 kHz. With a peak pump power of 8.3 kW, the highest peak output power was 1.5 kW at a pulse repetition rate of 5 kHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- K W Su
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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39
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Abstract
The radiation doses resulting from diagnostic X-ray examinations are routinely measured in terms of entrance skin exposure (ESE). In this study, for the purpose of radiation protection, the radiation doses received from chest and abdomen X-ray tests were evaluated in terms of equivalent dose and effective dose. The dose calculations were conducted by using the MCNP Monte Carlo code and an adult hermaphrodite mathematical phantom. The effects of both operating high voltage and projection geometry on the effective dose were investigated. The absolute values of the effective doses may be provided from the national average ESE.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Lee
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, Republic of China
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40
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Abstract
1. Genetic parameters in the base population of a closed experimental strain of Muscovy ducks, selected for body weight at 10 weeks of age, were estimated from data in 8 successive generations, for the following traits: age at first egg (AGE1EGG), total number of eggs laid at 40 and 52 weeks of age (NEGG40 and NEGG52), number of eggs laid during 15 and 22 weeks in the first laying cycle (NEGG15W and NEGG22W), and their Box-Cox transformed data. 2. The method of multi-trait restricted maximum likelihood with an animal model was used to estimate genetic parameters. Only the results obtained with non-transformed data are shown. 3. Heritability estimates for laying performance showed moderate values, increasing little with age: 0.20+/-0.03 (AGE1EGG), 0.23+/-0.03 (NEGG40), 0.27+/-0.03 (NEGG52), 0.20+/-0.03 (NEGG15W), and 0.22+/-0.03 (NEGG22W). 4. Genetic correlations between laying traits were high. Genetic correlation between AGE1EGG and egg number was negative, it was positive between total numbers of eggs at 40 and 52 weeks and egg numbers in the first laying cycle. 5. Body weight at 10 weeks of age exhibited positive genetic correlations (0.46+/-0.06) with age at first egg and negative with egg production traits (-0.28+/-0.06 to -0.41+/-0.06). 6. The cumulated predicted genetic gains, after 7 generations of selection, expressed per genetic standard deviation unit (sigma(g)) were 0.06 sigma(g), 0.07 sigma(g), 0.17 sigma(g), 0.23 sigma(g), and 0.25 sigma(g) for AGE1EGG, NEGG40, NEGG52, NEGG15W, and NEGG22W, respectively. 7. Selecting Muscovy ducks to improve laying in Taiwanese climatic conditions would be possible using the number of eggs laid up to 52 weeks of age as the selection criterion. Because unintended selection effects for laying traits were present, the selection experiment for body weight at 10 weeks of age was not antagonistic with laying traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Hu
- Livestock Research Institute, Ilan Branch, Taiwan, Republic of China
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41
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Tsai TH, Liu SC, Tsai PL, Ho LK, Shum AYC, Chen CF. The effects of the cyclosporin A, a P-glycoprotein inhibitor, on the pharmacokinetics of baicalein in the rat: a microdialysis study. Br J Pharmacol 2002; 137:1314-20. [PMID: 12466241 PMCID: PMC1573598 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1. Baicalein is a bioactive flavonoid isolated from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a medicinal herb that has been used since ancient times to treat bacterial infections. As little is known concerning its pharmacokinetics, this study focussed on its pharmacokinetics as well as the possible roles of the multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein on its distribution and disposition. 2. Three microdialysis probes were simultaneously inserted into the jugular vein, the hippocampus and the bile duct of male Sprague-Dawley rats for sampling in biological fluids following the administration of baicalein (10, 30 and 60 mg kg(-1)) through the femoral vein. The P-glycoprotein inhibitor cyclosporin A was used to help delineate its roles. 3. The study design consisted of two groups of six rats in parallel: control rats which received baicalein alone and the cyclosporin A treated-group in which the rats were injected cyclosporin A, a P-glycoprotein inhibitor, 10 min prior to baicalein administration. 4. Cyclosporin A treatment resulted in a significant increase in elimination half-life, mean residence time and area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC) of unbound baicalein in the brain. However, AUC in the bile was decreased. 5. The decline of baicalein in the hippocampus, blood and bile suggested that there was rapid exchange and equilibration between the peripheral compartment and the central nervous system. In addition, the results indicated that baicalein was able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier as well as undergoing hepatobiliary excretion. 6. Although no direct transport studies were undertaken and multiple factors may affect BBB penetration and hepatobiliary excretion, strong association of the involvement of P-glycoprotein in these processes is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Tsai
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, 115-1 Li-Nong Street Section 2, Shih-Pai, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
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Liu SC, Tang GH, Hu XQ. [Sperm autoimmunity in vasectomized men and its relation to atherosclerotic coronary heart disease--report of the detection of circulating antisperm antibodies in 707 cases]. Shengzhi Yu Biyun 2002; 7:20-4. [PMID: 12341306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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Liu SC, Minton NP, Giaccia AJ, Brown JM. Anticancer efficacy of systemically delivered anaerobic bacteria as gene therapy vectors targeting tumor hypoxia/necrosis. Gene Ther 2002; 9:291-6. [PMID: 11896468 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3301659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2001] [Accepted: 12/17/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A major obstacle in cancer gene therapy is selective tumor delivery. Previous studies have suggested that genetically engineered anaerobes of the genus Clostridium might be gene therapy vectors because of their ability to proliferate selectively in the hypoxic/necrotic regions common to solid tumors. However, the tumor colonization efficiency of the strain previously used was insufficient to produce any antitumor effect. Here we describe for the first time the successful transformation of C. sporogenes, a clostridial strain with the highest reported tumor colonization efficiency, with the E. coli cytosine deaminase (CD) gene and show that systemically injected spores of these bacteria express CD only in the tumor. This enzyme can convert the nontoxic prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) to the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Furthermore, systemic delivery of 5-FC into mice previously injected with CD-transformed spores of C. sporogenes produced greater antitumor effect than maximally tolerated doses of 5-FU. Since most human solid tumors have hypoxic and necrotic areas this vector system has considerable promise for tumor-selective gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Liu
- Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5152, USA
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Abstract
QTL mapping in autopolyploids is complicated by the possibility of segregation for three or more alleles at a locus and by a lack of preferential pairing, however the subset of polymorphic alleles that show simplex segregation ratios can be used to locate QTLs. In autopolyploid Saccharum, 36 significant associations between variation in sugar content and unlinked loci detected by 31 different probes were found in two interspecific F(1) populations. Most QTL alleles showed phenotypic effects consistent with the parental phenotypes, but occasional transgressive QTLs revealed opportunities to purge unfavorable alleles from cultivars or introgress valuable alleles from exotics. Several QTLs on homologous chromosomes appeared to correspond to one another-multiple doses of favorable 'alleles' at such chromosomal region(s) yielded diminishing returns-such negative epistasis may contribute to phenotypic buffering. Fewer sugar content QTLs were discovered from the highest-sugar genotype than from lower-sugar genotypes, perhaps suggesting that many favorable alleles have been fixed by prior selection, i.e. that the genes for which allelic variants (QTLs) persist in improved sugarcanes may be a biased subset of the population of genes controlling sugar content. Comparison of these data to mutations and QTLs previously mapped in maize hinted that seed and biomass crops may share a partly-overlapping basis for genetic variation in carbohydrate deposition. However, many QTLs do not correspond to known candidate genes, suggesting that other approaches will be necessary to isolate the genetic determinants of high sugar content of vegetative tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ming
- Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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Abstract
We explore the use of continuous-time analog very-large-scale-integrated (aVLSI) neuromorphic visual preprocessors together with a robotic platform in generating bio-inspired behaviors. Both the aVLSI motion sensors and the robot behaviors described in this work are inspired by the motion computation in the fly visual system and two different fly behaviors. In most robotic systems, the visual information comes from serially scanned imagers. This restricts the form of computation of the visual image and slows down the input rate to the controller system of the robot, hence increasing the reaction time of the robot. These aVLSI neuromorphic sensors reduce the computational load and power consumption of the robot, thus making it possible to explore continuous-time visuomotor control systems that react in real-time to the environment. The motion sensor provides two outputs: one for the preferred direction and the other for the null direction. These motion outputs are created from the aggregation of six elementary motion detectors that implement a variant of Reichardt's correlation algorithm. The four analog continuous-time outputs from the motion chips go to the control system on the robot which generates a mixture of two behaviors--course stabilization and fixation--from the outputs of these sensors. Since there are only four outputs, the amount of information transmitted to the controller is reduced (as compared to using a CCD sensor), and the reaction time of the robot is greatly decreased. In this work, the robot samples the motion sensors every 3.3 ms during the behavioral experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Liu
- Institute of Neuroinformatics ETH/Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Zhang WJ, Xiong P, Liu SC, Xia SS. Xenoreactivity of human natural antibodies with various porcine pancreatic cells. Transplant Proc 2001; 33:3865-6. [PMID: 11750646 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(01)02638-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W J Zhang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The authors hypothesized that electrocardiographic triggering near end systole could minimize motion artifacts in electron-beam computed tomography (CT) of the coronary artery. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 2,660 patients who underwent coronary artery calcium scanning with electron-beam CT. Trigger times were as follows: end of T wave, 120 to 25 msec before end of T wave, 25-50 msec after end of T wave, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 90%, and 100% of R-R interval. The authors divided each group into seven subgroups according to heart rate. The percentages of cases with motion artifact in the right coronary artery were computed. Optimal trigger times were defined for each group, as well as for scan acquisitions of 250 and 200 msec. RESULTS The optimal trigger times were as follows for heart rates of less than 50, 51-60, 61-70, 71-80, 81-90, 91-100, and more than 100 beats per minute, respectively: for 100-msec scans, 359 (27% of the R-R interval), 228 (31%), 314 (34%), 304 (38%), 289 (41%), 283 (45%), and 274 msec (48%) after the R wave; for 250-msec scans, 840 (63%), 654 (60%), 240 (26%), 224 (28%), 219 (31%), 208 (33%), and 200 msec (35%) after the R wave; and for 200-msec scans, 722 (65%), 687 (63%), 249 (27%), 248 (31%), 244 (35%), 233 (37%), and 223 msec (39%) after the R wave. CONCLUSION The use of these new electrocardiographic triggers before end systole yielded the lowest percentage of motion artifacts (<3% across all heart rates), much lower than for conventional triggers (51% of cases with motion artifact for 80% trigger, P < .001).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mao
- Harbor-UCLA Research and Education Institute, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
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Shih HC, Liu SC, Chang CP, Tschen JS, Chiu HY, Liu HC, Chang JG. Positive association of ankylosing spondylitis with homozygous HLA-B2704, but protection with B2705 in Taiwan Chinese. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2001; 17:509-16. [PMID: 11831114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was undertaken to determine the effects of HLA-B27 subtypes on susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in Taiwan Chinese, a polymerase chain reaction-restrictive fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was developed for subtyping of HLA-B27. In this series, there are 62 patients with AS who were tested HLA-B27 positive serologically and 738 normal persons over the age of 65. Among the 738 normal controls, 42 (5.7%) were HLA-B27 positive. There were six (14.3%) homozygous for B2704, 18 (42.9%) heterozygous for B2704, 2 (4.8%) double heterozygous for B2704 and B2705, one (2.3%) double heterozygous for B2704 and B2706, 2 (4.8%) homozygous for B2705, 11 (26.1%) heterozygous for B2705, and 2 (4.8%) heterozygous for B2706. In our patients with AS, 37 (59.7%) were homozygous for B2704 and 25 (40.3%) were heterozygous for B2704. The HLA-B27 carrier rate in Taiwan healthy old persons is estimated at 5.7%. Susceptibility to AS is determined by homozygosity for B2704. However, B2705 may be an indicator of protection against AS in Taiwan Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Shih
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Abstract
PURPOSE To test the hypothesis that computed tomographic (CT) scanning during early rather than middle diastole can significantly reduce the interscan variability of coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five hundred thirty-eight patients were initially enrolled; 282 of them were found to have CAC at electron-beam CT and underwent repeat scanning to measure interscan variability with different electrocardiogram (ECG) triggers. Eight patients were excluded owing to respiratory motion; thus, 274 asymptomatic patients were examined. Patients were randomly assigned to different ECG trigger interval groups: 40% (group 1), 50% (group 2), 60% (group 3), and 80% (group 4). Patients in whom more than one-third of sections had greater than 10% ECG trigger variability were classified in the untriggered group (group 5). Interscan variation was compared among all five groups. RESULTS Interscan variabilities in CAC groups 1-5 were 11.5%, 15.3%, 20.3%, 17.4%, and 33.1%, respectively, for total calcium area, and 15.0%, 23.3%, 25.6%, 24.0%, and 42.4%, respectively, for total calcium score. CAC score variability was reduced by 34%; and calcium area variability, by 38% in group 1, as compared with the reduced variabilities in group 4 (P <.01 for both measures). Breath holding was adequate in 812 cases, and ECG triggering was correct in 790 of cases. CONCLUSION Study results strongly support the use of an ECG trigger of 40% rather than 80% of the R-R interval in electron-beam CT calcium studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mao
- Harbor-UCLA Research and Education Institute, 1124 W Carson St, RB-2, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
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