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Nag P, Inubushi T, Sasaki JI, Murotani T, Kusano S, Nakanishi Y, Shiraishi Y, Kurosaka H, Imazato S, Yamaguchi Y, Yamashiro T. Tmem2 Deficiency Leads to Enamel Hypoplasia and Soft Enamel in Mouse. J Dent Res 2023; 102:1162-1171. [PMID: 37449307 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231182355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Teeth consist of 3 mineralized tissues: enamel, dentin, and cementum. Tooth malformation, the most common craniofacial anomaly, arises from complex genetic and environmental factors affecting enamel structure, size, shape, and tooth eruption. Hyaluronic acid (HA), a primary extracellular matrix component, contributes to structural and physiological functions in periodontal tissue. Transmembrane protein 2 (TMEM2), a novel cell surface hyaluronidase, has been shown to play a critical role during embryogenesis. In this study, we demonstrate Tmem2 messenger RNA expression in inner enamel epithelium and presecretory, secretory, and mature ameloblasts. Tmem2 knock-in reporter mice reveal TMEM2 protein localization at the apical and basal ends of secretory ameloblasts. Micro-computed tomography analysis of epithelial-specific Tmem2 conditional knockout (Tmem2-CKO) mice shows a significant reduction in enamel layer thickness and severe enamel deficiency. Enamel matrix protein expression was remarkably downregulated in Tmem2-CKO mice. Scanning electron microscopy of enamel from Tmem2-CKO mice revealed an irregular enamel prism structure, while the microhardness and density of enamel were significantly reduced, indicating impaired ameloblast differentiation and enamel matrix mineralization. Histological evaluation indicated weak adhesion between cells and the basement membrane in Tmem2-CKO mice. The reduced and irregular expressions of vinculin and integrin β1 suggest that Tmem2 deficiency attenuated focal adhesion formation. In addition, abnormal HA accumulation in the ameloblast layer and weak claudin 1 immunoreactivity in Tmem2-CKO mice indicate impaired tight junction gate function. Irregular actin filament assembly was also observed at the apical and basal ends of secretory ameloblasts. Last, we demonstrated that Tmem2-deficient mHAT9d mouse ameloblasts exhibit defective adhesion to HA-containing substrates in vitro. Collectively, our data highlight the importance of TMEM2 in adhesion to HA-rich extracellular matrix, cell-to-cell adhesion, ameloblast differentiation, and enamel matrix mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Nag
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Inubushi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - J I Sasaki
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Murotani
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Kusano
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Nakanishi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Shiraishi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Kurosaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Imazato
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Yamaguchi
- Human Genetics Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - T Yamashiro
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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Sadanari H, Takemoto M, Ishida T, Otagiri H, Daikoku T, Murayama T, Kusano S. The Interferon-Inducible Human PLSCR1 Protein Is a Restriction Factor of Human Cytomegalovirus. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0134221. [PMID: 35138119 PMCID: PMC8826943 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01342-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is strongly expressed in response to interferon (IFN) treatment and viral infection, and it has been suggested to play an important role in IFN-dependent antiviral responses. In this study, we showed that the levels of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) plaque formation in OUMS-36T-3 (36T-3) cells with high basal expression of PLSCR1 were significantly lower than those in human embryonic lung (HEL) cells with low basal expression of PLSCR1. In addition, the levels of HCMV plaque formation and replication in PLSCR1-knockout (KO) 36T-3 cells were significantly higher than those in parental 36T-3 cells and were comparable to those in HEL cells. Furthermore, compared to that in PLSCR1-KO cells, the expression of HCMV major immediate early (MIE) proteins was repressed and/or delayed in parental 36T-3 cells after HCMV infection. We also showed that PLSCR1 expression decreased the levels of the cAMP-responsive element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB)•HCMV immediate early protein 2 (IE2) and CREB-binding protein (CBP)•IE2 complexes, which have been suggested to play important roles in the IE2-mediated transactivation of the viral early promoter through interactions with CREB, CBP, and IE2. Interestingly, PLSCR1 expression repressed CRE- and HCMV MIE promoter-regulated reporter gene activities. These observations reveal, for the first time, that PLSCR1 negatively regulates HCMV replication by repressing the transcription from viral MIE and early promoters, and that PLSCR1 expression may contribute to the IFN-mediated suppression of HCMV infection. IMPORTANCE Because several IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) have been reported to suppress HCMV replication, HCMV replication is thought to be regulated by an IFN-mediated host defense mechanism, but the mechanism remains unclear. PLSCR1 expression is induced in response to viral infection and IFN treatment, and PLSCR1 has been reported to play an important role in IFN-dependent antiviral responses. Here, we demonstrate that HCMV plaque formation and major immediate early (MIE) gene expression are significantly increased in PLSCR1-KO human fibroblast cells. PLSCR1 reduces levels of the CREB•IE2 and CBP•IE2 complexes, which have been suggested to play important roles in HCMV replication through its interactions with CREB, CBP, and IE2. In addition, PLSCR1 expression represses transcription from the HCMV MIE promoter. Our results indicate that PLSCR1 plays important roles in the suppression of HCMV replication in the IFN-mediated host defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Sadanari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Masaya Takemoto
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Education, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tomoki Ishida
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hikaru Otagiri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tohru Daikoku
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tsugiya Murayama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kusano
- Division of Biological Information Technology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Haraguchi A, Sato S, Kusano S, Ito K, Yamazaki T, Ryan C, Sekiguchi M, Shibata S. 4’-demethylnobiletin-rich fermented Citrus reticulata (ponkan) attenuated the disturbance in clock gene expression and locomotor activity rhythms caused by high-fat diet feeding. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2021.1968609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Haraguchi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Sato
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kusano
- Fuji Sangyo Co., Ltd. Research and Development Center, Marugame, Japan
| | - Kaede Ito
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Conn Ryan
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masataka Sekiguchi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Shibata
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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Miyata Y, Matsumoto K, Kusano S, Kusakabe Y, Katsura Y, Oshitari T, Kosano H. Regulation of Endothelium-Reticulum-Stress-Mediated Apoptotic Cell Death by a Polymethoxylated Flavone, Nobiletin, Through the Inhibition of Nuclear Translocation of Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Retinal Müller Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030669. [PMID: 33802903 PMCID: PMC8002623 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR), subtle biochemical and functional alterations occur in Müller cells, which are one of the components of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB). Müller cells are the principal glia of the retina and have shown a strong involvement in the maintenance of homeostasis and the development of retinal tissue. Their functional abnormalities and eventual loss have been correlated with a decrease in the tight junctions between endothelial cells and a consequent breakdown of the BRB, leading to the development of DR. We demonstrated that the endothelium reticulum (ER) triggers Müller cell death and that nuclear accumulation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase is closely associated with ER-induced Müller cell death. In addition, induction of ER stress in Müller cells increased vascular endothelial growth factor expression but decreased pigment-epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) expression in Müller cells. We found that nobiletin, a polymethoxylated flavone from citrus explants, exerts protective action against ER-stress-induced Müller cell death. In addition, nobiletin was found to augment PEDF expression in Müller cells, which may lead to the protection of BRB integrity. These results suggest that nobiletin can be an attractive candidate for the protection of the BRB from breakdown in DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Miyata
- Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.M.); (Y.K.); (T.O.)
| | - Kazuya Matsumoto
- Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.M.); (Y.K.); (T.O.)
| | - Shuichi Kusano
- Fuji Sangyo Co., Ltd., 1301 Tamura-cho, Marugame, Kagawa 763-0071, Japan;
| | - Yoshio Kusakabe
- Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.M.); (Y.K.); (T.O.)
| | - Yoshiya Katsura
- The fifth Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, 3-20-1 Ami, Ibaraki 300-0332, Japan;
| | - Tetsuta Oshitari
- Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.M.); (Y.K.); (T.O.)
| | - Hiroshi Kosano
- Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.M.); (Y.K.); (T.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3964-8191; Fax: +81-3-3964-8195
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Uchida Y, Yoshimitsu M, Hachiman M, Kusano S, Arima N, Shima K, Hayashida M, Kamada Y, Nakamura D, Arai A, Tanaka Y, Hara H, Ishitsuka K. RLTPR Q575E: A novel recurrent gain-of-function mutation in patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Eur J Haematol 2020; 106:221-229. [PMID: 33098696 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an intractable T-cell malignancy caused by long-term infection with human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1). While ATL pathogenesis has been associated with HTLV-1-derived oncogenic proteins, including Tax and HBZ, the contribution of genomic aberrations remains poorly defined. METHODS To elucidate the genomic basis of ATL, whole exome sequencing was performed on cells from 47 patients with aggressive ATL. RESULTS We discovered the novel mutation RLTPR Q575E in four patients (8.5%) with a median variant allele frequency of 0.52 (range 0.11-0.68). Despite being reported in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, three ATL patients carrying RLTPR Q575E lacked skin involvement. Patients carrying RLTPR Q575E also harbored CARD11 (75%), PLCG1 (25%), PRKCB (25%), or IKBKB (25%) mutations related to TCR/NF-κB signaling. Jurkat cells transfected with RLTPR Q575E cDNA displayed increased NF-κB activity and significantly increased IL-2 mRNA levels under stimulation. RLTPR Q575E increased the interaction between RLTPR and CARD11, while RLTPR directly interacted with Tax. CONCLUSIONS We identified, and functionally validated, a novel gain-of-function mutation in patients with aggressive ATL. During TCR activation by Tax or gain-of-function mutations, RLTPR Q575E selectively upregulates NF-κB signaling and may exert oncogenic effects on ATL pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Uchida
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoshimitsu
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Miho Hachiman
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kusano
- Division of Biological Information Technology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Naosuke Arima
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kodai Shima
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Maiko Hayashida
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuhei Kamada
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakamura
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihiko Arai
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuetsu Tanaka
- Laboratory of Hematoimmunology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Hara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishitsuka
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
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6
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Kusano S, Ikeda M. Interaction of phospholipid scramblase 1 with the Epstein-Barr virus protein BZLF1 represses BZLF1-mediated lytic gene transcription. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:15104-15116. [PMID: 31434743 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is strongly expressed in response to interferon (IFN) treatment and viral infection, and PLSCR1 has been suggested to play an important role in IFN-dependent antiviral responses. In this study, we showed that the basal expression of PLSCR1 was significantly elevated in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). PLSCR1 was observed to directly interact with the EBV immediate-early transactivator BZLF1 in vitro and in vivo, and this interaction repressed the BZLF1-mediated transactivation of an EBV lytic BMRF1 promoter construct. In addition, PLSCR1 expression decreased the BZLF1-mediated up-regulation of lytic BMRF1 mRNA and protein expression in WT and PLSCR1-knockout EBV-infected NPC cells. Furthermore, we showed that PLSCR1 represses the interaction between BZLF1 and CREB-binding protein (CBP), which enhances the BZLF1-mediated transactivation of EBV lytic promoters. These results reveal for the first time that PLSCR1 specifically interacts with BZLF1 and negatively regulates its transcriptional regulatory activity by preventing the formation of the BZLF1-CBP complex. This interaction may contribute to the establishment of latent EBV infection in EBV-infected NPC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Kusano
- Division of Biological Information Technology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima-shi, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Masanori Ikeda
- Division of Biological Information Technology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima-shi, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
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Kusano S, Konishi S, Yamada Y, Hayashida O. Synthesis of water-soluble anthracene-appended benzoxaboroles and evaluation of their cis-1,2-diol recognition properties. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:4619-4622. [PMID: 29872817 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00979a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Three series of water-soluble anthracene-appended benzoxaboroles 1a-c were developed; their binding affinity toward cis-1,2-diols was explored by conventional fluorescence titrations to demonstrate the role of benzoxaborole as a general recognition motif of cis-1,2-diols for fluorescent probes. The complex structures of the tetra-coordinated boronate adducts between 1 and the cis-1,2-diols were revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kusano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma 8-19-1, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - S Konishi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma 8-19-1, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Y Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma 8-19-1, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - O Hayashida
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma 8-19-1, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
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Fukumoto T, Ikebe E, Ogata M, Kohno K, Kuramitsu M, Sato Y, Fife N, Matsumoto T, Yahiro T, Ikeda M, Kusano S, Okayama A, Hori M, Hijiya N, Tsukamoto Y, Hirashita Y, Moriyama M, Ahmed K, Hasegawa H, Nishizono A, Saito M, Iha H. Complete Sequences of the Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Proviral Genomes from Newly Established Adult T-Cell Leukemia Cell Lines in Oita Prefecture, Japan. Genome Announc 2018; 6:e00090-18. [PMID: 29930027 PMCID: PMC6013615 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00090-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We report two complete proviral genome sequences of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) isolated from the peripheral blood specimens of acute type adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patients in Oita Prefecture, Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Fukumoto
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Emi Ikebe
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masao Ogata
- Department of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kohno
- Department of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Madoka Kuramitsu
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Nichole Fife
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Takaaki Yahiro
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Masanori Ikeda
- Division of Persistent and Oncogenic Viruses, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kusano
- Division of Persistent and Oncogenic Viruses, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihiko Okayama
- Department of Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Hori
- Department of Hematology, Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital, Kasama, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Naoki Hijiya
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Tsukamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Yuka Hirashita
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Moriyama
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Kamruddin Ahmed
- Department of Pathobiology and Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Hiroo Hasegawa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Akira Nishizono
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Masumichi Saito
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidekatsu Iha
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
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Abstract
We report on a patient with choriocarcinoma in the pineal region who was successfully treated with stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT). The increased level of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was lowered during chemotherapy with etoposide, cisplatin, and ifosfamide. However, HCG was not normalized and magnetic resonance images still showed an enhanced tumor mass with gadolinium. The patient underwent SRT of 40 Gy at an 80% isodose line per 10 fractions over'two weeks, followed by conventional craniospinal irradiation of 32.4 Gy. The level of HCG dropped below the detection limit. The patient has been in good condition for more than four years after the completion of treatment, without any signs of recurrence. We propose SRT as a valid treatment option for malignant germ cell tumors in the pineal region.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kohyama
- Department of Radiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
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10
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Hama Y, Uematsu M, Ichikura T, Tamura E, Aida S, Kohno M, Kusano S. A Case of Primary Small Cell Carcinoma of the Cervical Esophagus with Long-term Survival following Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Tumori 2018; 85:284-7. [PMID: 10587033 DOI: 10.1177/030089169908500414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The authors describe a case of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus that was treated by concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Both the esophageal tumor and the regional lymph node metastases disappeared after this treatment. The patient is alive and disease free after more than five years. Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus is a rare and aggressive neoplasm with a very poor prognosis, and the treatment modality is controversial. This case illustrates the possibility of treating this tumor type with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hama
- Department of Radiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
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11
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Sato M, Uematsu M, Hama Y, Kondo M, Kutsuki S, Shigematsu N, Ando Y, Kusano S, Kubo A. Low-Dose Induction Radiotherapy for Stomach Conservation in Patients with Massive Gastric Lymphoma. Tumori 2018; 86:286-8. [PMID: 11016705 DOI: 10.1177/030089160008600405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Low-dose induction radiotherapy was performed in 4 patients with massive gastric lymphoma in order to treat the disease without gastrectomy. Following the radiotherapy, gastric lesions had shrunk considerably without any complications. Standard chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy could then be performed safely, and stomach conservation could be achieved in all 4 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sato
- Radiation Oncology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Kawahata I, Suzuki T, Rico EG, Kusano S, Tamura H, Mimaki Y, Yamakuni T. Fermented Citrus reticulata (ponkan) fruit squeezed draff that contains a large amount of 4'-demethylnobiletin prevents MK801-induced memory impairment. J Nat Med 2017; 71:617-631. [PMID: 28488113 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-017-1091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A previous study reported biotransformation of a citrus peel polymethoxyflavone, nobiletin, by Aspergillus enabling production of 4'-demethylnobiletin, and the product's antimutagenic activity. However, the effects of fermented citrus peel on the basal forebrain-hippocampal system remain unidentified. Citrus reticulata (ponkan) fruit squeezed draffs are generated as mass waste in beverage factories. In this study using PC12D cells and cultured central nervous system neurons, we therefore examined whether Aspergillus kawachii-fermented citrus fruit squeezed draff could affect cAMP response element (CRE)- and choline acetyltransferase gene (ChAT) promoter region-mediated transcriptional activities relevant to memory formation and cholinergic function. Our current fermentation yielded approximately 80% nobiletin bioconversion, and a sample of hot-water extract of the fermented fruit squeezed draff was stronger than that of the unfermented one in facilitating CRE-mediated transcription in cultured hippocampal neurons as well as in PC12D cells. A sample of 0-80% ethanol-eluted fraction of Diaion HP-20 column-adsorbed components of the preparation obtained by the fermentation concentration-dependently and more strongly facilitated CRE-mediated transcription than did the fraction of the unfermented one in both cell culture systems. In a separate study, this polymethoxyflavone-rich fraction of the fermented fruit squeezed draff showed a potent ability to facilitate CRE-mediated and ChAT transcription in a co-culture of hippocampal neurons and basal forebrain neurons. Repeated oral gavage of mice with the fermented fraction sample prevented MK801-impaired memory formation in mice. These findings suggest that the 4'-demethylnobiletin-rich fraction prepared from the Aspergillus-fermented ponkan squeezed draff has a potential anti-dementia effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Kawahata
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Evelyn Gutiérrez Rico
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kusano
- Fuji Sangyo Co., Ltd. Research and Development Center, 1301 Tamura-cho, Marugame, 763-0071, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tamura
- Fuji Sangyo Co., Ltd. Research and Development Center, 1301 Tamura-cho, Marugame, 763-0071, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Mimaki
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Science, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Tohru Yamakuni
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
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13
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Kenzaka T, Kusano S. Response: "Recognition of the distinction between primary and secondary mitral regurgitation is also important". QJM 2016; 109:700. [PMID: 27289115 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcw086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Kenzaka
- From the Division of Community Medicine and Career Development, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Prefectural Kaibara Hospital, Tamba, Japan
| | - S Kusano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Prefectural Kaibara Hospital, Tamba, Japan
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14
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Irie T, Takeshita K, Makita K, Yamauchi T, Kusano S. A One-Stage Method for Obtaining CT during Arterial Portography and Hepatic Arteriography. Acta Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/028418519403500206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We describe a new technique for performing CT during arterial portography (CTAP) and during hepatic arteriography (CTHA) in a one-stage procedure, using a coaxial balloon catheter system and slip-ring CT equipment. This technique was employed in 10 patients with liver neoplasms. Both CTAP and CTHA images were obtained in all patients.
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15
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Abstract
A technique for the prediction of the time to peak hepatic enhancement to optimize contrast-enhanced spiral CT has been developed. The procedures are (a) to inject a small amount of contrast medium rapidly via the antecubital vein and measure aortic transit time (ATT) of the bolus by single slice dynamic CT; (b) to inject contrast medium at a high rate, expecting peak hepatic enhancement to occur at ATT plus 8 seconds after the end of injection; (c) to perform spiral scanning of the liver using thin collimation and caudo-cranial table movement beginning at ATT after the end of contrast medium injection.
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16
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Abstract
We have developed an embolizing material consisting of Y-shaped silicone particles for partial splenic embolization. Wide spaces for blood flow are left around the particles when these are lodged in arterial branches. We embolized one kidney in each of 3 dogs with the particles and observed a slowly induced occlusion of renal arterial branches during one month. The particles were also used for partial splenic embolization in 14 patients. The average portion of infarcted spleen tissue 7 days after embolization was 51% calculated from CT images. In 6 patients who had CT both 2 and 7 days after embolization, the average rate of splenic infarction increased from 29% at 2 days to 60% at 7 days. Our patients required analgesics for only 2.3 days on average. The Y-shaped silicone particles by slowly occluding splenic arterial branches produce ischemia in a gradual fashion which may minimize the pain after embolization.
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kenzaka
- Division of Community Medicine and Career Development, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - S Kusano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Prefectural Kaibara Hospital, Tanba, Japan.
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18
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Miyadera H, Bungener LB, Kusano S, Yokoyama S, Tokunaga K, Hepkema BG. Questionable expression of unstable DQ heterodimer containing HLA-DQA1*01:07. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 86:413-8. [PMID: 26555242 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigens (HLA)-DQA1*01:07 was identified as an HLA-DQ blank specificity that segregated with the serological HLA-A2, -B7, -DR14, -DR52 haplotype, which carried DQB1*05:03. The blank specificity of DQA1*01:07-DQB1*05:03 may be because of lack of reactivity of available typing sera, or disruption of proper assembly of DQ heterodimer. The cDNA sequence of DQA1*01:07 is nearly identical to DQA1*01:04 except for a variant at position 304, which results in the replacement of an arginine with a cysteine at 79α. To determine whether the DQA1*01:07 product can be expressed on cell-surface, we co-expressed DQA1*01:07 with various DQB1*05 or *06 alleles in fibroblast cells. Cell-surface expression of DQ was detectable when DQA1*01:07 was co-expressed with DQB1*06:04 but undetectable with other DQB1*05 and DQB1*06 alleles, including DQB1*05:03, to which DQA1*01:07 was encoded in cis. These data suggest that DQA1*01:07 may act as a phenotypically null allele in the DQA1*01:07-DQB1*05:03 haplotype, while it can be expressed at a low level in the presences of certain DQB1*06 alleles, such as DQB1*06:04, in trans. Based on the null or low expression of DQA1*01:07 as shown in the previous and present studies, DQA1*01:07 has recently been renamed to DQA1*01:07Q, indicating its questionable expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Miyadera
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - L B Bungener
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S Kusano
- RIKEN Structural Biology Laboratory, Yokohama, Japan
| | - S Yokoyama
- RIKEN Structural Biology Laboratory, Yokohama, Japan
| | - K Tokunaga
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - B G Hepkema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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19
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Kusano S, Yoshimitsu M, Hachiman M, Ikeda M. I-mfa domain proteins specifically interact with HTLV-1 Tax and repress its transactivating functions. Virology 2015; 486:219-27. [PMID: 26469549 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The I-mfa domain proteins HIC (also known as MDFIC) and I-mfa (also known as MDFI) are candidate tumor suppressor genes that are involved in cellular and viral transcriptional regulation. Here, we show that HIC and I-mfa directly interact with human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) Tax protein in vitro. In addition, HIC and I-mfa repress Tax-dependent transactivation of an HTLV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) reporter construct in COS-1, Jurkat and high-Tax-producing HTLV-1-infected T cells. HIC also interacts with Tax through its I-mfa domain in vivo and represses Tax-dependent transactivation of HTLV-1 LTR and NF-κB reporter constructs in an interaction-dependent manner. Furthermore, we show that HIC decreases the nuclear distribution and stimulates the proteasomal degradation of Tax. These data reveal that HIC specifically interacts with HTLV-1 Tax and negatively regulates Tax transactivational activity by altering its subcellular distribution and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Kusano
- Division of Persistent and Oncogenic Viruses, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
| | - Makoto Yoshimitsu
- Division of Hematology and Immunology, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Miho Hachiman
- Division of Hematology and Immunology, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Masanori Ikeda
- Division of Persistent and Oncogenic Viruses, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
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20
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Shiraishi T, Kusano S, Tsumuraya Y, Sakano Y. Synthesis of Maltosyl(α1→6)cyclodextrins through the Reverse Reaction of ThermostableBacillus acidopullulyticusPullulanase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00021369.1989.10869626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Kusano S, Eizuru Y. Interaction of the phospholipid scramblase 1 with HIV-1 Tat results in the repression of Tat-dependent transcription. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 433:438-44. [PMID: 23501106 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.02.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is an interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene and possesses an IFN-mediated antiviral function. We show here that PLSCR1 directly interacts with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) Tat. This interaction occurs both in vitro and in vivo through amino acids 160-250 of PLSCR1. Overexpression of PLSCR1 efficiently represses the Tat-dependent transactivation of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) and reduces the nuclear translocation of Tat. In addition, shRNA-mediated suppression of endogenous PLSCR1 expression enhances the levels of gag mRNA in an HIV-1-infected T-cell line. These findings indicate that PLSCR1 negatively regulates the Tat-dependent transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR during HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Kusano
- Division of Persistent and Oncogenic Viruses, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
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22
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Kusano S, Eizuru Y. Human phospholipid scramblase 1 interacts with and regulates transactivation of HTLV-1 Tax. Virology 2012; 432:343-52. [PMID: 22789739 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 04/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Human phospholipid scramblase (PLSCR) 1 expression is strongly activated in response to interferon (IFN) treatment and viral infection, and PLSCR1 is necessary for the IFN-dependent induction of gene expression and antiviral activity. We show here that PLSCR1 directly interacts with human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) Tax in vitro and in vivo. This interaction reduced the cytoplasmic distribution of Tax. PLSCR1 efficiently repressed the Tax-mediated transactivation of the HTLV-1 long terminal repeat and the NF-κB binding site reporter constructs in an interaction-dependent manner in COS-1 and Tax-producing HTLV-1-infected T cell lines. Furthermore, we show that PLSCR1 repressed the homodimerization of Tax in vitro. These data reveal for the first time that PLSCR1 specifically interacts with HTLV-1 Tax and negatively regulates its transactivation activity by altering the subcellular distribution and the homodimerization of Tax. PLSCR1 may play an important role in the IFN-mediated repression of Tax-dependent transactivation during HTLV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Kusano
- Division of Persistent and Oncogenic Viruses, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
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23
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Kusano S, Shiimura Y, Eizuru Y. I-mfa domain proteins specifically interact with SERTA domain proteins and repress their transactivating functions. Biochimie 2011; 93:1555-64. [PMID: 21664411 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2011.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The I-mfa domain proteins I-mfa and HIC are considered to be candidate tumor suppressor genes and have been shown to be involved in transcriptional regulation. We show here that I-mfa and HIC specifically interact with SEI-1 through their C-terminal I-mfa domains in vivo. This interaction affects the intracellular localization of I-mfa and requires the region of SEI-1 between 30 and 90 amino acids, which includes its SERTA domain, and results in repression of its intrinsic transcriptional activity. I-mfa also decreases the levels of the SEI-1·DP-1 complex and endogenous Fbxw7 mRNA, the expression of which is coregulated by E2F·DP-1 and SEI-1 in an interaction-dependent manner in vitro. In addition, I-mfa also specifically interacts with other SERTA domain-containing proteins, including SEI-2, SEI-3, SERTAD3 and SERTAD4, through its I-mfa domain in vivo. This interaction also affects the intracellular localization of I-mfa and represses the intrinsic transcriptional activities of SEI-2 and SERTAD3, which are also involved in the E2F-dependent transcription. These data reveal for the first time that I-mfa domain proteins interact with SERTA domain proteins and negatively regulate their transcriptional activity. Because SEI-1, SEI-2 and SERTAD3, whose intrinsic transcriptional activities are repressed by I-mfa, are suggested to be oncogenes, I-mfa domain proteins may be involved in their oncogenic functions by negatively regulating their transcriptional activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Kusano
- Division of Persistent and Oncogenic Viruses, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
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24
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Uchino R, Kusano S, Hanada N, Ohara C, Okino T, Yamaguchi K. [Clinical efficacy of octreotide acetate in cancer patients with malignant bowel symptoms depend on terminal stage]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2011; 38:255-257. [PMID: 21368489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
There are many reports that octreotide acetate(SMS)is effective for terminally ill cancer patients with malignant bowel obstructions such as nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension. We retrospectively found that the clinical efficacy of SMS in 23 patients with these symptoms depended on the early terminal stage(about six months until death)or middle terminal stage(within one month until death). SMS was more effective to relieve abdominal distension(p=0. 01)and these bowel symptoms occurred among cancer patients in the early terminal stage rather than in the middle terminal stage(p<0. 001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryojin Uchino
- Dept. of Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Kumamoto Saishunsou Hospital
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25
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Hanada N, Tomiyama N, Hori K, Kusano S, Yoshida Y, Kawata K, Uchino R, Sakashita N. [A case of recurrent breast cancer with lung metastasis resection showing four disease-free years under trastuzumab treatment]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2010; 37:2905-2907. [PMID: 21160267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of recurrent breast cancer with solitary lung metastasis that has shown no recurrence with treatment by trastuzumab alone after partial resection of the right lung upper lobe. A 56-year-old woman, who presented with left breast cancer, underwent quadrantectomy and axillar lymph node dissection in March 2004. Pathological findings were as follows: invasive ductal carcinoma, 3. 7 cm in size, histological grade 3, positive invasion of lymphatic and blood vessels, negative nodal status, negative ER/PgR status, and overexpression of HER2/ neu. She had received adjuvant radiotherapy followed by cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and fluorouracil combination chemotherapy; however, a lung nodule developed 14 months after first operation, which had grown gradually. Partial resection of the lung with thoracoscope assistance revealed metastatic lung cancer from breast cancer. Trastuzumab treatment for 6 months after second operation has maintained no recurrence for 4 years.
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26
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Kusano S, Eizuru Y. Human I-mfa domain proteins specifically interact with KSHV LANA and affect its regulation of Wnt signaling-dependent transcription. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 396:608-13. [PMID: 20417616 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.04.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2010] [Accepted: 04/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV)-encoded latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) protein has been reported to interact with glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3beta) and to negatively regulate its activity, leading to stimulation of GSK-3beta-dependent beta-catenin degradation. We show here that the I-mfa domain proteins, HIC (human I-mfa domain-containing protein) and I-mfa (inhibitor of MyoD family a), interacted in vivo with LANA through their C-terminal I-mfa domains. This interaction affected the intracellular localization of HIC, inhibited the LANA-dependent transactivation of a beta-catenin-regulated reporter construct, and decreased the level of the LANA.GSK-3beta complex. These data reveal for the first time that I-mfa domain proteins interact with LANA and negatively regulate LANA-mediated activation of Wnt signaling-dependent transcription by inhibiting the formation of the LANA.GSK-3beta complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Kusano
- Division of Persistent and Oncogenic Viruses, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
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27
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Taniyama M, Kusano S, Miyoshi Y, Nakamura H, Kaihara M, Tobe T, Tomita M, Katagiri T, Ban Y. Mild resistance to thyroid hormone with a truncated thyroid hormone receptor beta. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2009; 104:339-43. [PMID: 8886752 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor beta (TR beta) gene as a cause of the most cases of the thyroid hormone resistance syndrome. We have identified a novel nonsense mutation in codon 449 in the 3' end of exon 10 in the TR beta gene in a 16-year-old male patient with generalized resistance to thyroid hormone who also had familial thyroxine binding globulin deficiency. Receptor protein generated from this gene is thought to be 13 amino acid deficient at carboxy-terminus. Resistance to thyroid hormone was mild at least when the patient was evaluated. The patient was eumetabolic in the presence of elevated plasma-free thyroid hormone levels, and both thyrotrope and peripheral tissues responded to triiodothyronine (T3) administration. This mildness of resistance is in contrast to severe resistance to thyroid hormone in two previously reported cases with truncated receptors in which 16 amino acids or 11 amino acids were deficient at C-terminus. Thus, truncation of C-terminus of thyroid hormone receptor beta does not uniformly produce sever resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Taniyama
- Third Dept. of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University (Tokyo), Japan
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28
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Hori K, Hanada N, Kusano S, Tsurumoto Y, Sakashita N, Uchino R. [A case of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor operated after low-dose chemotherapy with imatinib mesylate]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2008; 35:1749-1751. [PMID: 18931581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A 76-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of tarry motions. Endoscopic findings showed an ulcer on a large submucosal tumor in the stomach. Abodminal CT scan showed a protruding lesion of approximately 13 cm at the lumen of the gastric body. FDG-PET imaging revealed FDG uptake in the gastric body and abdominal cavity. We diagnosed it as GIST with peritoneal dissemination clinically, and treatment with 300 mg of imatinib mesylate was started in December 2006. The main tumor was reduced(reduction rate of 27%)and FDG-PET imaging revealed a decrease in FDG uptake in the main tumor and all disseminated tumors after 5 months of treatment. However, the drug was discontinued for arthritis(grade 3). Partial gastrectomy with sampling peritoneal nodules was performed in June 2007. The present case suggests that low-dose chemotherapy with imatinib mesylate may be useful as a preoperative therapy for a minimal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Hori
- Department of Surgery, Izumi General Medical Center
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29
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Hanada N, Kusano S, Hori K, Momi H. [Good response in ARDS treated with sivelestat sodium hydrate during chemotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2007; 34:1303-6. [PMID: 17687219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We experienced a case of good response in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) treated with sivelestat sodium hydrate during chemotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma. A 66-year-old male treated with combined paclitaxel (PTX) and S-1 suffered from ARDS following neutropenia. Sputum and blood culture examinations demonstrated an unknown origin, so sivelestat sodium hydrate was considered more effective than antibiotics. Sivelestat sodium hydrate ought to be used for ARDS treatment even during administration of anti-cancer agent.
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Abstract
Hepatic chemoembolization is an effective treatment of unresectable hypervascular hepatic tumors, but history of bilioenteric anastomosis is a major risk factor for liver abscess due to the retrograde enteric bacterial contamination. We report a case of culture-negative liver abscess developed after hepatic chemoembolization for a metastatic pancreatic endocrine tumor, and discuss the pathogenesis of liver abscess formation. We also present a potential pitfall for the prophylactic antibiotic therapy in a patient with a history of bilioenteric anastomosis. This is the first report of a culture-negative liver abscess caused by hepatic chemoembolization for a metastatic pancreatic endocrine tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hama
- Department of Radiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
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31
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Ueda S, Oishi S, Wang ZX, Araki T, Tamamura H, Cluzeau J, Ohno H, Kusano S, Nakashima H, Trent JO, Peiper SC, Fujii N. Structure-activity relationships of cyclic peptide-based chemokine receptor CXCR4 antagonists: disclosing the importance of side-chain and backbone functionalities. J Med Chem 2007; 50:192-8. [PMID: 17228861 DOI: 10.1021/jm0607350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have identified a highly potent CXCR4 antagonist 2 [cyclo(-D-Tyr1-Arg2-Arg3-Nal4-Gly5-)] and its Arg2 epimer 3 [cyclo(-D-Tyr1-D-Arg2-Arg3-Nal4-Gly5-)] by the screening of cyclic pentapeptide libraries that were designed based on the structure-activity relationship studies on 14-residue peptidic CXCR4 antagonist 1. In the present study, a new series of analogues of 2 and 3 were synthesized to evaluate the influences of peptide side-chain and backbone modification on bioactivities. Based on the Ala-scanning study, in which each residue in 2 and 3 was replaced with Ala having the identical chirality, substitution of Arg3 and Nal4 [Nal = L-3-(2-naphthyl)alanine] with Ala (compounds 6, 7, 10, 11) led to significant loss of the potency, indicating these amino acids are more important contributors to the bioactivity. For the cyclic peptide backbone, several modifications including d/l-Ala or cyclic amino acids substitution at the Gly5 position and sequential N-methylation on amide nitrogens were conducted. Among the analogues, compounds 13 [cyclo(-D-Tyr1-Arg2-Arg3-Nal4-D-Ala5-)] and 32 [cyclo(-D-Tyr1-D-MeArg2-Arg3-Nal4-Gly5-)] were close in potency to the most potent lead 2. NMR and conformational analysis indicated that both of these analogues favor the same backbone conformation as 2, whereas similar analysis of less potent analogues indicates that an altered backbone conformation is favored. The conformational analysis showed that steric repulsion by a 1,3-allylic strain-like effect across the planar peptide bond might contribute to the conformational preferences of cyclic pentapeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ueda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with the development of a variety of highly metastatic carcinomas, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). EBV-encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is essential for B-cell transformation. In this study, we used two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) to study the mechanism behind tumor invasion and metastasis. Eight proteins, including Vimentin and Ezrin, were identified from the alteration of expressed proteins in HEK-293 cells responding to LMP1 gene transfection. Vimentin is a major protein of the mesenchymal intermediate filament, which maintains the cytoskeleton conformation. Ezrin is also an essential protein that links the cell membrane to the actin cytoskeleton. The up-regulation of Vimentin and Ezrin in the LMP1 gene-transfected cells suggests that EBV LMP1 is involved in the progression and metastasis of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Saito
- Department of Microbiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine
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Kusano S, Ootani A, Sakai S, Igarashi N, Takeguchi A, Toyoda H, Toida T. HPLC Determination of Chondrosine in Mouse Blood Plasma after Intravenous or Oral Dose. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30:1365-8. [PMID: 17666786 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.1365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The bioavailability of chondrosine was evaluated by its direct measurement as found in the blood plasma following removal of plasma proteins by perchloric acid. The postcolumn HPLC determination of chondrosine was performed on an SCX column (6 mm i.d.x 150 mm), 0.35 mol/l boric acid (pH 5.2 adjusted by 0.1 mol/l NaOH) as an eluent (0.9 ml/min), 0.5% 2-cyanoacetamide and 1.0 M NaOH as fluorogenic reagents (0.25 ml/min each) with a fluorescence detector (ex. 331nm, em. 383nm). Two separate animal studies were conducted. In study 1, adult male ddY mice (n=6) received i.v. chondrosine (1.0 mg/kg body weight) and the plasma samples were collected. In the second study, 6 adult male ddY mice received p.o. chondrosine (400 mg/kg body weight) and the plasma samples were collected. Blood plasma samples were deproteinized by perchloric acid, analyzed and the bioavailability of chondrosine was determined. Twenty five to fifty microliters of blood plasma were required for the assay. Chondrosine was absorbed after oral administration with two phases having two maximum values, 7.8+/-5.4 and 4.0+/-1.9 at 15 microg/ml and 120 min, respectively; it disappeared from the blood flow very quickly after intravenous administration. This study provides the first report of the bioavailability of orally administered chondrosine in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Kusano
- The Research Institute of Fuji Sangyo Co., Ltd., Marigame, Kagawa 763-8603, Japan
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Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate is widely distributed in animal tissues and possibly plays an important role in different types of metabolic reactions as well as protecting joints, the internal wall of blood vessels, skin, bone, etc. In cartilage, glycosaminoglycans have a protective function; in particular, chondroitin sulfate stabilizes fibrous and cellular elements of the connective tissue and, at the same time, lubricates and protects the membranes in joints. Recently, chondroitin sulfate has been used as a nutraceutical for the treatment of joint diseases such as osteoarthritis, although acidic and large molecules such as chondroitin sulfate might not be able to be absorbed through digestive apparatus such as the intestine. In this study, we investigated the effects of orally administered chondrosine derived from shark chondroitin sulfate on the uptake of inorganic (35)S sulfate into rat cartilage and found that chondrosine stimulates the incorporation of (35)S sulfate into cartilage compared with intact chondroitin sulfate.
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Yamazaki M, Kitamura R, Kusano S, Eda H, Sato S, Okawa-Takatsuji M, Aotsuka S, Yanagi K. Elevated immunoglobulin G antibodies to the proline-rich amino-terminal region of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-2 in sera from patients with systemic connective tissue diseases and from a subgroup of Sjögren's syndrome patients with pulmonary involvements. Clin Exp Immunol 2005; 139:558-68. [PMID: 15730403 PMCID: PMC1809310 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02704.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Associations of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and autoimmune diseases have been hypothesized. We have analysed IgG antibodies to EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA)-2 in sera from Japanese patients with autoimmune systemic connective tissue diseases (CTD), exemplified by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjogren's syndrome (SS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc) and secondary SS (classical CTDs complicated with SS). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) which uses glutathione-S-transferase polypeptides fused to EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA)-2 and EBNA-1 was developed. Ratios of IgG antibody reactivity to whole IgG concentrations of sera were calculated to normalize EBNA-2 and EBNA-1 antibody levels to the hypergammaglobulinaemia that occurs in CTD. The ELISA optical density OD(450) readings of IgG antibodies to both the amino-terminal aa 1-116 of EBNA-2 and carboxyl-terminal aa 451-641 of EBNA-1 were elevated significantly in patients with SLE, primary SS, RA, SSc and secondary SS when compared to EBNA-1. The OD readings were divided by serum IgG concentrations to normalize for the hypergammaglobulinaemia. The specific levels of IgG antibodies to the amino-terminal region of EBNA-2 were elevated in patients with SLE, primary SS or RA, as well as those with secondary SS complicated with SLE or RA. The EBNA-2 amino-terminal region contains a polyproline tract and a proline-rich sequence and has considerable amino acid sequence homology with many cellular proline-rich proteins. High ratios of EBNA-2 aa 1-116 to EBNA-1 aa 451-641 IgG antibody levels which probably suggest reactivation of EBV latent infection were associated significantly with pulmonary involvement in SS patients. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the sequence similarity between the amino-terminal region of EBNA-2 and proline-rich cellular proteins is associated with pathogenesis in a subpopulation of CTD patients, possibly by the molecular mimicry-epitope shift mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamazaki
- Herpesvirus Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Tamamura H, Hiramatsu K, Ueda S, Wang Z, Kusano S, Terakubo S, Trent JO, Peiper SC, Yamamoto N, Nakashima H, Otaka A, Fujii N. Stereoselective synthesis of [L-Arg-L/D-3-(2-naphthyl)alanine]-type (E)-alkene dipeptide isosteres and its application to the synthesis and biological evaluation of pseudopeptide analogues of the CXCR4 antagonist FC131. J Med Chem 2005; 48:380-91. [PMID: 15658852 DOI: 10.1021/jm049429h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
L,L-Type and L,D-type (E)-alkene dipeptide isosteres (EADIs) that have unnatural side chains at the alpha-position were synthesized by the combination of stereoselective aziridinyl ring-opening reactions and organozinc-copper-mediated anti-S(N)2' reactions toward a single substrate of gamma,delta-cis-gamma,delta-epimino (E)-alpha,beta-enoate. The utility of this methodology was demonstrated by the stereoselective synthesis of a set of diastereomeric EADIs of L-Arg-L/D-3-(2-naphthyl)alanine (Nal) that is contained in a small CXCR4 antagonist FC131 [cyclo(-D-Tyr-Arg-Arg-Nal-Gly-)]. Furthermore, a (Nal-Gly)-type EADI was synthesized by samarium diiodide (SmI(2))-induced reduction of a gamma-acetoxy-alpha,beta-enoate. Several FC131 analogues, in which these EADIs were inserted for reduction of their peptide character, were synthesized with analogues containing reduced amide-type dipeptide isosteres to investigate the importance of these amide bonds for anti-HIV and CXCR4-antagonistic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Tamamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present report describes the effects of antidiabetic ingredients from white-skinned sweet potato (AWSSP) on the immune response of human cells. METHODS We studied the effects of inactive Staphylococcus aureus cells coated with AWSSP on phagocytic activity, phagosome-lysosome fusion, and superoxide anion release by human leukocytes in vitro. RESULTS AWSSP increased phagocytic activity and phagosome-lysosome fusion in neutrophils and monocytes in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, AWSSP had no significant effect on superoxide anion release (O2-) from human neutrophils. CONCLUSIONS These results show that AWSSP is useful in the prevention and improvement of diabetic symptoms by stimulating human immunity and that Ipomoea batatas L. is a beneficial food because it increases immune activity in addition to its antidiabetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Miyazaki
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Sciences, Institute for Biosciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan.
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Takamori H, Kanemitsu K, Tsuji T, Kusano S, Chikamoto A, Okuma T, Iyama KI. Metastatic gastric tumor secondary to pancreatic adenocarcinoma. J Gastroenterol 2005; 40:209-12. [PMID: 15770407 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-004-1524-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2004] [Accepted: 05/28/2004] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic disease, from the pancreas, involving the stomach is an unusual clinical event. Local recurrence, liver metastases, and peritoneal spread are the most common recurrent patterns after curative resection of pancreatic cancer. We report a patient who suffered from gastric metastasis secondary to pancreatic adenocarcinoma 1 year after pancreatectomy. A 49-year-old woman underwent distal pancreatectomy with intraoperative radiation therapy for cancer of the body of the pancreas in October 2002. The histological diagnosis was well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, stage IIB; T1N1M0. Multiple liver metastases were detected on computed tomography (CT) in March 2003. Combination chemotherapy of 5-fluorouracil hepatic arterial continuous infusion and systemic gemcitabine administration led to the disappearance of the liver metastases on CT in September 2003. One month later, she complained of epigastric pain and underwent gastric endoscopy, which revealed a submucosal tumor in the fornix posterior wall. Histological diagnosis of the biopsy specimen was well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, and immunohistochemical studies, using anti-cytokeratin 7 and -20 monoclonal antibodies, were compatible with gastric metastasis from pancreatic carcinoma. A F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scan revealed a high-uptake lesion, which coincided with the gastric tumor. No other abnormal uptake could be found. Histopatholoical examination of the resected specimen revealed submucosal growth of the metastatic cancer (well-differentiated adenocarcinoma).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Takamori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
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Eda H, Ishii Y, Obayashi M, Harada S, Ito S, Fujita T, Ikeda M, Kusano S, Kitamura R, Suzuki C, Hara T, Watanabe M, Satoh H, Sugihara K, Yanagi K. Monoclonal antibodies against regions topologically surrounding the homodimeric beta-barrel interface of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-1. Virus Res 2004; 109:87-94. [PMID: 15826916 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2004.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2004] [Revised: 10/15/2004] [Accepted: 10/27/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) is essential for maintenance of EBV latency. Four mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the part of the EBNA-1 sequence (amino acids 451-641) containing the domain that forms a homodimeric eight-stranded beta-barrel were generated and characterized, examined for immunocytochemical staining, immunoblotting and isoelectric focusing of EBNA-1 proteins, and used to examine interactions between EBNA-1 polypeptides by far-Western blot assays. Far-Western blot analyses using the mAbs suggest that both the beta-strand (aa 593-604) and alpha helix (aa 568-582) are essential for EBNA-1 dimerization, consistent with yeast two-hybrid studies of mutant EBNA-1 polypeptides. These mAbs should be useful for studies on the structure and function of EBNA-1 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Eda
- Herpesvirus Laboratory Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama 1-23-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
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40
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Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) BamHI A transcripts are a family of transcripts that are differentially spliced and can be detected in multiple EBV-associated malignancies. Several of the transcripts may encode proteins. One transcript of interest, RK-BARF0, is proposed to encode a 279-amino-acid protein with a possible endoplasmic reticulum-targeting sequence. In this study, the properties of RK-BARF0 were examined through identification of cellular-interacting proteins through yeast two-hybrid analysis and characterization of its expression in EBV-infected cells and tumors. In addition to the interaction previously identified with cellular Notch, it was determined that RK-BARF0 also bound cellular human I-mfa domain-containing protein (HIC), epithelin, and scramblase. An interaction between RK-BARF0 and Notch or epithelin induced proteasome-dependent degradation of Notch and epithelin but not of HIC or scramblase. Low levels of endogenous Notch expression in EBV-positive cell lines may correlate with RK-BARF0 expression. However, a screen of EBV-positive cell lines and tumors with an affinity-purified alpha-RK-BARF0 antiserum did not consistently detect RK-BARF0. These data suggest that while RK-BARF0 may have important cellular functions during EBV infection, and while the phenotype of EBV-positive cells suggest its expression, RK-BARF0 levels may be too low to detect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Thornburg
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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41
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Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes infectious mononucleosis and is associated with cancers in immunocompromised populations. EBV establishes a latent infection and immortalizes and transforms B lymphocytes. Several latent proteins have profound effects on cellular growth, including activation of NF-kappaB, phosphatidylinositol 3'-OH kinase (PI3K) signaling, and notch signaling. Activation of PI3K can affect the activity of beta-catenin, the target of the wnt signaling pathway. Deregulation of beta-catenin is associated with a number of malignancies. To determine if beta-catenin is regulated by EBV infection, EBV-infected cells were examined for beta-catenin levels and localization. beta-Catenin was increased in EBV-positive tumor cell lines compared to EBV-negative lines, in EBV-infected Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines, and in EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL). In contrast to wnt signaling, EBV consistently induced the accumulation of beta-catenin in the cytoplasm but not the nucleus. The beta-catenin regulating kinase, glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta), was shown to be phosphorylated and inactivated in EBV-infected lymphocytes. Inactivated GSK3beta was localized to the nucleus of EBV-infected LCL. Neither the cytoplasmic accumulation of beta-catenin nor the nuclear inactivation of GSK3beta was affected by the inhibition of PI3K signaling. These data indicate that latent infection with EBV has unique effects on beta-catenin signaling that are distinct from activation of wnt and independent of its effects on PI3K.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N Everly
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Mason Farm Rd., Room 102, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Hama Y, Uematsu M, Kusano S. Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the tongue. Ulster Med J 2004; 73:132-4. [PMID: 15651775 PMCID: PMC2475459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Hama
- Department of Radiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
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Takamori H, Ikeda O, Kanemitsu K, Tsuji T, Chikamoto A, Kusano S, Yamashita Y, Hiraoka T. Preoperative detection of liver metastases secondary to pancreatic cancer: utility of combined helical computed tomography during arterial portography with biphasic computed tomography-assisted hepatic arteriography. Pancreas 2004; 29:188-92. [PMID: 15367884 DOI: 10.1097/00006676-200410000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to define the diagnostic advantage of computed tomography during arterial portography combined with computed tomography-assisted hepatic arteriography ( CTAP + CTHA) for preoperative detection of liver metastases secondary to pancreatic cancer compared with that of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). METHODS From January 2002 to February 2003, we retrospectively studied 19 consecutive patients with pancreatic cancer. MDCT was performed on all patients prior to preoperative visceral angiography. Fourteen patients underwent CTAP + CTHA at the time of preoperative angiography. RESULTS Liver metastases were identified in 3 patients by means of MDCT. Of 14 patients who underwent CTAP + CTHA, 8 patients (57.1%) were diagnosed as having liver metastases, which could not be detected by MDCT. These tumors missed by MDCT ranged from 5 to 15 mm in size. On CTAP + CTHA, a single nodule in the liver was detected in 2 patients, 2 nodules in 2 patients, 3 lesions in 1 patient, and > or =4 lesions in 3 patients. The sensitivity and specificity of CTAP + CTHA versus MDCT were 75.0% versus 23.1% and 66.7% versus 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the combination of CTAP and CTHA is useful to confirm liver metastases before operation for resectable pancreatic cancer because it has higher sensitivity to detect of liver metastases compared with MDCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Takamori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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44
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Abstract
We report a case of Behcet's disease complicated by four arterial aneurysms successfully treated by coil embolisation and stent placement. Percutaneous endovascular repair offers a safe alternative to surgical management of this serious condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hama
- Department of Radiology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-0042, Japan
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45
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Tamamura H, Hiramatsu K, Mizumoto M, Ueda S, Kusano S, Terakubo S, Akamatsu M, Yamamoto N, Trent JO, Wang Z, Peiper SC, Nakashima H, Otaka A, Fujii N. Enhancement of the T140-based pharmacophores leads to the development of more potent and bio-stable CXCR4 antagonists. Org Biomol Chem 2004; 1:3663-9. [PMID: 14649897 DOI: 10.1039/b306613b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A CXCR4 antagonistic peptide, T140, and its bio-stable analogs, such as Ac-TE14011, were previously developed. These peptides inhibit the entry of T cell line-tropic strains of HIV-1 (X4-HIV-1) into T cells. Herein, a series of TE14011 analogs having modifications in the N-terminal region were synthesized to develop effective compounds with increased biostability. Among these analogs, 4F-benzoyl-TE14011 (TF14013) showed the strongest anti-HIV activity derived from CXCR4-antagonism, suggesting that a 4-fluorobenzoyl moiety at the N-terminus of T140 analogs constitutes a novel T140-based pharmacophore for CXCR4 antagonists. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies on TE14011 analogs with N(alpha)-acylation by several benzoic acid derivatives have disclosed a significant relationship between the anti-HIV activity and the Hammett constant (sigma) of substituted benzoic acids. TF14013 was found to be stable in mouse serum, but not completely stable in rat liver homogenate due to deletion of the C-terminal Arg14-NH2 from the parent peptide. This biodegradation was completely suppressed by N-alkyl-amidation at the C-terminus. Taken together, the enhancement of the T140-based pharmacophores led to development of a novel CXCR4 antagonist, 4F-benzoyl-TE14011-Me (TF14013-Me), which has very high anti-HIV activity and increased biostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Tamamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Abstract
Antidiabetic and hypoglycemic drugs have been reported to enhance adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. We previously reported that ginseng (active constituents: ginsenosides) enhanced the differentiation [1]. In this experiment, effect of some ginger group food extracts on the adipocyte differentiation was investigated using cultured mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. 3T3-L1 cells were grown as monolayer cultures at 37 degrees C in DMEM supplemented by 10% FBS under the atmosphere of 5% CO(2)-95% air. Ginger extracts were found to enhance the adipocyte differentiation. Active constituent was purified and identified as gingerol. In the gingerol-treated cells, insulin-sensitive glucose uptake was increased. It is expected that ginger enhance the insulin-sensitivity, and improve chronic disease, such as diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keizo Sekiya
- National Agricultural Research Center, 1-3-1 Senyu-cho, Zentsuji-shi, Kagawa, 765-8508, Japan.
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47
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Tamamura H, Mizumoto M, Hiramatsu K, Kusano S, Terakubo S, Yamamoto N, Trent JO, Wang Z, Peiper SC, Nakashima H, Otaka A, Fujii N. Topochemical exploration of potent compounds using retro-enantiomer libraries of cyclic pentapeptidesElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: experimental procedures, procedures of biological assays, Table S1: characterization data of novel synthetic compounds and HPLC chromatograms for 10E,10K and 10L. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/ob/b4/b401485p/. Org Biomol Chem 2004; 2:1255-7. [PMID: 15064805 DOI: 10.1039/b401485p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic pentapeptides have been adopted as conformationally restricted peptide templates to dispose pharmacophores of bioactive peptides. In our recent study, use of two orthogonal cyclic pentapeptide libraries involving conformation-based and sequence-based libraries containing critical residues of a bioactive peptide led to the discovery of potent downsized peptides that possess activity comparable to that of the parent peptide. The present study demonstrates that a third library consisting of retro-enantiomers (retro-inverso peptides) that possess not only all residues with the opposite configuration to those in the corresponding original peptide but also amino acid sequences with reversed arrangement, is important as an alternative library for rationally finding active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Tamamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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48
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Wakabayashi H, Hashiba K, Yokoyama K, Hashimoto K, Kikuchi H, Nishikawa H, Kurihara T, Satoh K, Shioda S, Saito S, Kusano S, Nakashima H, Motohashi N, Sakagami H. Cytotoxic activity of azulenes against human oral tumor cell lines. Anticancer Res 2003; 23:4747-55. [PMID: 14981922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigated 27 azulene derivatives for their relative cytotoxicity against three human normal cells and three human oral tumor cell lines. 2-Acetylaminoazulene [4], diethyl 2-chlorozulene-1,3-dicarboxylate [9] and methyl 7-isopropyl-2-methoxyazulene-1-carboxylate [24] showed higher tumor-specific cytotoxicity than azulene [1] and guaiazulene [2]. Four 1- and 3-halogenated compounds showed lower tumor specificity. The tumor-specific cytotoxic activity seems not to be related to the position of functional groups. All compounds showed no anti-HIV activity. Methyl 7-isopropyl-2-methoxyazulene-1-carboxylate [24] induced apoptotic cell death (characterized by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and caspase 3 activation) in HL-60 cells. ESR spectroscopy showed that methyl 7-isopropyl-2-methoxyazulene-1-carboxylate [24] did not produce radical and less efficiently scavenged O2- (generated by HX-XOD reaction) and NO (generated from NOC-7). These data suggest that a radical-mediated oxidation mechanism may not be involved in the apoptosis induction by methyl 7-isopropyl-2-methoxyazulene-1-carboxylate [24].
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Uematsu M, Shioda A, Taira H, Wong J, Hama Y, Kusano S. Computed tomography (CT)-guided stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT) for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): 8-year results of 50 initial patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(03)01132-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Fujii N, Oishi S, Hiramatsu K, Araki T, Ueda S, Tamamura H, Otaka A, Kusano S, Terakubo S, Nakashima H, Broach JA, Trent JO, Wang Z, Peiper SC. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2003; 115:3373-3375. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200351024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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