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Van Mol P, Franken A, Vanmassenhove S, Donders E, Schepers R, van Brussel T, Dooms C, Yserbyt J, De Crem N, Testelmans D, de Wever W, Nackaerts K, Vansteenkiste J, Vos R, Lambrechts D, Naidoo J, Suresh K, Humblet-Baron S, Wauters E. 186P Elevated CXCL10:IL-8 ratio in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(23)00439-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Roca CP, Burton OT, Neumann J, Tareen S, Whyte CE, Gergelits V, Veiga RV, Humblet-Baron S, Liston A. A cross entropy test allows quantitative statistical comparison of t-SNE and UMAP representations. Cell Rep Methods 2023; 3:100390. [PMID: 36814837 PMCID: PMC9939422 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The advent of high-dimensional single-cell data has necessitated the development of dimensionality-reduction tools. t-Distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) and uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) are the two most frequently used approaches, allowing clear visualization of complex single-cell datasets. Despite the need for quantitative comparison, t-SNE and UMAP have largely remained visualization tools due to the lack of robust statistical approaches. Here, we have derived a statistical test for evaluating the difference between dimensionality-reduced datasets using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test on the distributions of cross entropy of single cells within each dataset. As the approach uses the inter-relationship of single cells for comparison, the resulting statistic is robust and capable of identifying true biological variation. Further, the test provides a valid distance between single-cell datasets, allowing the organization of multiple samples into a dendrogram for quantitative comparison of complex datasets. These results demonstrate the largely untapped potential of dimensionality-reduction tools for biomedical data analysis beyond visualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos P. Roca
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Oliver T. Burton
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Julika Neumann
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Samar Tareen
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Carly E. Whyte
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Vaclav Gergelits
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Rafael V. Veiga
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | | | - Adrian Liston
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
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Franken A, Van Mol P, Vanmassenhove S, Donders E, Schepers R, Van Brussel T, Dooms C, Yserbyt J, De Crem N, Testelmans D, De Wever W, Nackaerts K, Vansteenkiste J, Vos R, Humblet-Baron S, Lambrechts D, Wauters E. Single-cell transcriptomics identifies pathogenic T-helper 17.1 cells and pro-inflammatory monocytes in immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005323. [PMID: 36171010 PMCID: PMC9528720 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related pneumonitis is the most frequent fatal immune-related adverse event associated with programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death ligand-1 blockade. The pathophysiology however remains largely unknown, owing to limited and contradictory findings in existing literature pointing at either T-helper 1 or T-helper 17-mediated autoimmunity. In this study, we aimed to gain novel insights into the mechanisms of ICI-related pneumonitis, thereby identifying potential therapeutic targets. Methods In this prospective observational study, single-cell RNA and T-cell receptor sequencing was performed on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of 11 patients with ICI-related pneumonitis and 6 demographically-matched patients with cancer without ICI-related pneumonitis. Single-cell transcriptomic immunophenotyping and cell fate mapping coupled to T-cell receptor repertoire analyses were performed. Results We observed enrichment of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in ICI-pneumonitis bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The CD4+ T-cell compartment showed an increase of pathogenic T-helper 17.1 cells, characterized by high co-expression of TBX21 (encoding T-bet) and RORC (ROR-γ), IFN-G (IFN-γ), IL-17A, CSF2 (GM-CSF), and cytotoxicity genes. Type 1 regulatory T cells and naïve-like CD4+ T cells were also enriched. Within the CD8+ T-cell compartment, mainly effector memory T cells were increased. Correspondingly, myeloid cells in ICI-pneumonitis bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were relatively depleted of anti-inflammatory resident alveolar macrophages while pro-inflammatory ‘M1-like’ monocytes (expressing TNF, IL-1B, IL-6, IL-23A, and GM-CSF receptor CSF2RA, CSF2RB) were enriched compared with control samples. Importantly, a feedforward loop, in which GM-CSF production by pathogenic T-helper 17.1 cells promotes tissue inflammation and IL-23 production by pro-inflammatory monocytes and vice versa, has been well characterized in multiple autoimmune disorders but has never been identified in ICI-related pneumonitis. Conclusions Using single-cell transcriptomics, we identified accumulation of pathogenic T-helper 17.1 cells in ICI-pneumonitis bronchoalveolar lavage fluid—a phenotype explaining previous divergent findings on T-helper 1 versus T-helper 17 involvement in ICI-pneumonitis—, putatively engaging in detrimental crosstalk with pro-inflammatory ‘M1-like’ monocytes. This finding yields several novel potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of ICI-pneumonitis. Most notably repurposing anti-IL-23 merits further research as a potential efficacious and safe treatment for ICI-pneumonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Franken
- VIB - CCB Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Pierre Van Mol
- VIB - CCB Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium.,Pneumology - Respiratory Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Sam Vanmassenhove
- VIB - CCB Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Elena Donders
- VIB - CCB Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium.,Pneumology - Respiratory Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Rogier Schepers
- VIB - CCB Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Brussel
- VIB - CCB Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Christophe Dooms
- Pneumology - Respiratory Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium.,Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Jonas Yserbyt
- Pneumology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Nico De Crem
- Pneumology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Dries Testelmans
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium.,Pneumology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Walter De Wever
- Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Kristiaan Nackaerts
- Pneumology - Respiratory Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium.,Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Johan Vansteenkiste
- Pneumology - Respiratory Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium.,Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Robin Vos
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium.,Pneumology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- VIB - CCB Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| | - Els Wauters
- Pneumology - Respiratory Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium.,Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
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4
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Spaan AN, Neehus AL, Laplantine E, Staels F, Ogishi M, Seeleuthner Y, Rapaport F, Lacey KA, Van Nieuwenhove E, Chrabieh M, Hum D, Migaud M, Izmiryan A, Lorenzo L, Kochetkov T, Heesterbeek DAC, Bardoel BW, DuMont AL, Dobbs K, Chardonnet S, Heissel S, Baslan T, Zhang P, Yang R, Bogunovic D, Wunderink HF, Haas PJA, Molina H, Van Buggenhout G, Lyonnet S, Notarangelo LD, Seppänen MRJ, Weil R, Seminario G, Gomez-Tello H, Wouters C, Mesdaghi M, Shahrooei M, Bossuyt X, Sag E, Topaloglu R, Ozen S, Leavis HL, van Eijk MMJ, Bezrodnik L, Blancas Galicia L, Hovnanian A, Nassif A, Bader-Meunier B, Neven B, Meyts I, Schrijvers R, Puel A, Bustamante J, Aksentijevich I, Kastner DL, Torres VJ, Humblet-Baron S, Liston A, Abel L, Boisson B, Casanova JL. Human OTULIN haploinsufficiency impairs cell-intrinsic immunity to staphylococcal α-toxin. Science 2022; 376:eabm6380. [PMID: 35587511 PMCID: PMC9233084 DOI: 10.1126/science.abm6380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The molecular basis of interindividual clinical variability upon infection with Staphylococcus aureus is unclear. We describe patients with haploinsufficiency for the linear deubiquitinase OTULIN, encoded by a gene on chromosome 5p. Patients suffer from episodes of life-threatening necrosis, typically triggered by S. aureus infection. The disorder is phenocopied in patients with the 5p- (Cri-du-Chat) chromosomal deletion syndrome. OTULIN haploinsufficiency causes an accumulation of linear ubiquitin in dermal fibroblasts, but tumor necrosis factor receptor-mediated nuclear factor κB signaling remains intact. Blood leukocyte subsets are unaffected. The OTULIN-dependent accumulation of caveolin-1 in dermal fibroblasts, but not leukocytes, facilitates the cytotoxic damage inflicted by the staphylococcal virulence factor α-toxin. Naturally elicited antibodies against α-toxin contribute to incomplete clinical penetrance. Human OTULIN haploinsufficiency underlies life-threatening staphylococcal disease by disrupting cell-intrinsic immunity to α-toxin in nonleukocytic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- András N Spaan
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anna-Lena Neehus
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, REBIRTH Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Laplantine
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM U1135, CNRS ERL8255, Sorbonne University, 75724 Paris, France
- Institut de Recherche St. Louis, Hôpital St. Louis, INSERM U944, CNRS U7212, Paris Cité University, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Frederik Staels
- Laboratory for Adaptive Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Masato Ogishi
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Franck Rapaport
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Keenan A Lacey
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Erika Van Nieuwenhove
- Laboratory for Adaptive Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Maya Chrabieh
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - David Hum
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mélanie Migaud
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Araksya Izmiryan
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lazaro Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Kochetkov
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dani A C Heesterbeek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bart W Bardoel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ashley L DuMont
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Kerry Dobbs
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Solenne Chardonnet
- Plateforme Post-génomique de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, P3S, UMS Production et Analyse de données en Sciences de la vie et en Santé, PASS, INSERM, Sorbonne University, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Søren Heissel
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Timour Baslan
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rui Yang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dusan Bogunovic
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Herman F Wunderink
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Pieter-Jan A Haas
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Henrik Molina
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Griet Van Buggenhout
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stanislas Lyonnet
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
- Laboratory Embryology and Genetics of Malformations, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Mikko R J Seppänen
- Rare Disease and Pediatric Research Centers, Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, 00260 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Robert Weil
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM U1135, CNRS ERL8255, Sorbonne University, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Gisela Seminario
- Center for Clinical Immunology, Immunology Group Children's Hospital Ricardo Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor Gomez-Tello
- Immunology Department, Poblano Children's Hospital, 72190 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Carine Wouters
- Laboratory for Adaptive Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mehrnaz Mesdaghi
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Mofid Children's Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 15468-155514 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shahrooei
- Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Specialized Immunology Laboratory of Dr. Shahrooei, Sina Medical Complex, 15468-155514 Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Xavier Bossuyt
- Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erdal Sag
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rezan Topaloglu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seza Ozen
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Helen L Leavis
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Maarten M J van Eijk
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Liliana Bezrodnik
- Center for Clinical Immunology, Immunology Group Children's Hospital Ricardo Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Alain Hovnanian
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Genetics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Aude Nassif
- Centre Médical, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Bader-Meunier
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
- Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmunity, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Neven
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
- Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmunity, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Network Center, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Schrijvers
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne Puel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
- Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ivona Aksentijevich
- Inflammatory Disease Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Daniel L Kastner
- Inflammatory Disease Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Victor J Torres
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- Laboratory for Adaptive Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrian Liston
- Laboratory for Adaptive Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- Immunology Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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5
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Canti L, Ariën KK, Desombere I, Humblet-Baron S, Pannus P, Heyndrickx L, Henry A, Servais S, Willems E, Ehx G, Goriely S, Seidel L, Michiels J, Willems B, Goossens ME, Beguin Y, Marchant A, Baron F. Antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants after third-dose BNT162b2 vaccination in allo-HCT recipients. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:335-337. [PMID: 35172125 PMCID: PMC8847067 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Canti
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and CHU of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Kevin K Ariën
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 155 Nationalestraat, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Desombere
- Scientific Directorate Infectious Diseases in Humans, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Pannus
- Scientific Directorate Infectious Diseases in Humans, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Leo Heyndrickx
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 155 Nationalestraat, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Aurélie Henry
- Department of medicine, division of Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sophie Servais
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and CHU of Liège, Liege, Belgium; Department of medicine, division of Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Evelyne Willems
- Department of medicine, division of Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Grégory Ehx
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and CHU of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Stanislas Goriely
- Institute for Medical Immunology and ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Laurence Seidel
- Department of Biostatistics, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Johan Michiels
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 155 Nationalestraat, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Betty Willems
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 155 Nationalestraat, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maria E Goossens
- Scientific Directorate Infectious Diseases in Humans, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yves Beguin
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and CHU of Liège, Liege, Belgium; Department of medicine, division of Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Marchant
- Institute for Medical Immunology and ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Baron
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and CHU of Liège, Liege, Belgium; Department of medicine, division of Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
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6
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Baron F, Canti L, Ariën KK, Kemlin D, Desombere I, Gerbaux M, Pannus P, Beguin Y, Marchant A, Humblet-Baron S. Insights From Early Clinical Trials Assessing Response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Immunocompromised Patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:827242. [PMID: 35309332 PMCID: PMC8931657 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.827242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It is critical to protect immunocompromised patients against COVID-19 with effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccination as they have an increased risk of developing severe disease. This is challenging, however, since effective mRNA vaccination requires the successful cooperation of several components of the innate and adaptive immune systems, both of which can be severely affected/deficient in immunocompromised people. In this article, we first review current knowledge on the immunobiology of SARS-COV-2 mRNA vaccination in animal models and in healthy humans. Next, we summarize data from early trials of SARS-COV-2 mRNA vaccination in patients with secondary or primary immunodeficiency. These early clinical trials identified common predictors of lower response to the vaccine such as anti-CD19, anti-CD20 or anti-CD38 therapies, low (naive) CD4+ T-cell counts, genetic or therapeutic Bruton tyrosine kinase deficiency, treatment with antimetabolites, CTLA4 agonists or JAK inhibitors, and vaccination with BNT162b2 versus mRNA1273 vaccine. Finally, we review the first data on third dose mRNA vaccine administration in immunocompromised patients and discuss recent strategies of temporarily holding/pausing immunosuppressive medication during vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Baron
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) of Liège, Liege, Belgium
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Canti
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Kevin K. Ariën
- Virology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Delphine Kemlin
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation, Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Desombere
- Scientific Directorate Infectious Diseases in Humans, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Margaux Gerbaux
- Institute for Medical Immunology and ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Pannus
- Scientific Directorate Infectious Diseases in Humans, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yves Beguin
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) of Liège, Liege, Belgium
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Marchant
- Institute for Medical Immunology and ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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7
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Baron F, Caers J, Humblet-Baron S. Serological response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-LNP vaccine in patients with multiple myeloma: a negative impact of CD38 + Treg? Br J Haematol 2022; 197:391-393. [PMID: 35174478 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Baron
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and CHU of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Jo Caers
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and CHU of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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8
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Canti L, Humblet-Baron S, Desombere I, Neumann J, Pannus P, Heyndrickx L, Henry A, Servais S, Willems E, Ehx G, Goriely S, Seidel L, Michiels J, Willems B, Liston A, Ariën KK, Beguin Y, Goossens ME, Marchant A, Baron F. Predictors of neutralizing antibody response to BNT162b2 vaccination in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:174. [PMID: 34689821 PMCID: PMC8542409 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01190-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Factors affecting response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) recipients remain to be elucidated. METHODS Forty allo-HCT recipients were included in a study of immunization with BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine at days 0 and 21. Binding antibodies (Ab) to SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) were assessed at days 0, 21, 28, and 49 while neutralizing Ab against SARS-CoV-2 wild type (NT50) were assessed at days 0 and 49. Results observed in allo-HCT patients were compared to those obtained in 40 healthy adults naive of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood cells was performed before vaccination to identify potential predictors of Ab responses. RESULTS Three patients had detectable anti-RBD Ab before vaccination. Among the 37 SARS-CoV-2 naive patients, 20 (54%) and 32 (86%) patients had detectable anti-RBD Ab 21 days and 49 days postvaccination. Comparing anti-RBD Ab levels in allo-HCT recipients and healthy adults, we observed significantly lower anti-RBD Ab levels in allo-HCT recipients at days 21, 28 and 49. Further, 49% of allo-HCT patients versus 88% of healthy adults had detectable NT50 Ab at day 49 while allo-HCT recipients had significantly lower NT50 Ab titers than healthy adults (P = 0.0004). Ongoing moderate/severe chronic GVHD (P < 0.01) as well as rituximab administration in the year prior to vaccination (P < 0.05) correlated with low anti-RBD and NT50 Ab titers at 49 days after the first vaccination in multivariate analyses. Compared to healthy adults, allo-HCT patients without chronic GVHD or rituximab therapy had comparable anti-RBD Ab levels and NT50 Ab titers at day 49. Flow cytometry analyses before vaccination indicated that Ab responses in allo-HCT patients were strongly correlated with the number of memory B cells and of naive CD4+ T cells (r > 0.5, P < 0.01) and more weakly with the number of follicular helper T cells (r = 0.4, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Chronic GVHD and rituximab administration in allo-HCT recipients are associated with reduced Ab responses to BNT162b2 vaccination. Immunological markers could help identify allo-HCT patients at risk of poor Ab response to mRNA vaccination. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered at clinicaltrialsregister.eu on 11 March 2021 (EudractCT # 2021-000673-83).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Canti
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and CHU of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Desombere
- SD Infectious Diseases in Humans, Sciensano, 642 Engelandstraat, 1180, Ukkel, Belgium
| | - Julika Neumann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Pannus
- SD Infectious Diseases in Humans, Sciensano, 642 Engelandstraat, 1180, Ukkel, Belgium
| | - Leo Heyndrickx
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 155 Nationalestraat, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Aurélie Henry
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sophie Servais
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and CHU of Liège, Liege, Belgium
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Evelyne Willems
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Grégory Ehx
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and CHU of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Stanislas Goriely
- Institute for Medical Immunology and ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Laurence Seidel
- Department of Biostatistics, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Johan Michiels
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 155 Nationalestraat, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Betty Willems
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 155 Nationalestraat, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Adrian Liston
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kevin K Ariën
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 155 Nationalestraat, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Yves Beguin
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and CHU of Liège, Liege, Belgium
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Maria E Goossens
- SD Infectious Diseases in Humans, Sciensano, 642 Engelandstraat, 1180, Ukkel, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Marchant
- Institute for Medical Immunology and ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Baron
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege and CHU of Liège, Liege, Belgium.
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
- Department of Hematology, University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
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9
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Vanderbeke L, Van Mol P, Van Herck Y, De Smet F, Humblet-Baron S, Martinod K, Antoranz A, Arijs I, Boeckx B, Bosisio FM, Casaer M, Dauwe D, De Wever W, Dooms C, Dreesen E, Emmaneel A, Filtjens J, Gouwy M, Gunst J, Hermans G, Jansen S, Lagrou K, Liston A, Lorent N, Meersseman P, Mercier T, Neyts J, Odent J, Panovska D, Penttila PA, Pollet E, Proost P, Qian J, Quintelier K, Raes J, Rex S, Saeys Y, Sprooten J, Tejpar S, Testelmans D, Thevissen K, Van Buyten T, Vandenhaute J, Van Gassen S, Velásquez Pereira LC, Vos R, Weynand B, Wilmer A, Yserbyt J, Garg AD, Matthys P, Wouters C, Lambrechts D, Wauters E, Wauters J. Monocyte-driven atypical cytokine storm and aberrant neutrophil activation as key mediators of COVID-19 disease severity. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4117. [PMID: 34226537 PMCID: PMC8257697 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24360-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and clinical reports indicate that SARS-CoV-2 virulence hinges upon the triggering of an aberrant host immune response, more so than on direct virus-induced cellular damage. To elucidate the immunopathology underlying COVID-19 severity, we perform cytokine and multiplex immune profiling in COVID-19 patients. We show that hypercytokinemia in COVID-19 differs from the interferon-gamma-driven cytokine storm in macrophage activation syndrome, and is more pronounced in critical versus mild-moderate COVID-19. Systems modelling of cytokine levels paired with deep-immune profiling shows that classical monocytes drive this hyper-inflammatory phenotype and that a reduction in T-lymphocytes correlates with disease severity, with CD8+ cells being disproportionately affected. Antigen presenting machinery expression is also reduced in critical disease. Furthermore, we report that neutrophils contribute to disease severity and local tissue damage by amplification of hypercytokinemia and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Together our findings suggest a myeloid-driven immunopathology, in which hyperactivated neutrophils and an ineffective adaptive immune system act as mediators of COVID-19 disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vanderbeke
- Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - P Van Mol
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Y Van Herck
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F De Smet
- Laboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Humblet-Baron
- Adaptive Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Martinod
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Antoranz
- Laboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - I Arijs
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - B Boeckx
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F M Bosisio
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Casaer
- Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - D Dauwe
- Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - W De Wever
- Radiology, Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - C Dooms
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Dreesen
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Emmaneel
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB-UGent, Gent, Belgium
| | - J Filtjens
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Gouwy
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Gunst
- Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Hermans
- Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Jansen
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, B Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Lagrou
- Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Liston
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - N Lorent
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - P Meersseman
- Laboratory for Clinical Infectious and Inflammatory Disorders, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - T Mercier
- Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Neyts
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, B Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Odent
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - D Panovska
- Laboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - P A Penttila
- KU Leuven Flow & Mass Cytometry Facility, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Pollet
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - P Proost
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Qian
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Quintelier
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB-UGent, Gent, Belgium
| | - J Raes
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology (Rega Institute), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, and VIB Center for Microbiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Rex
- Anesthesiology and Algology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Y Saeys
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB-UGent, Gent, Belgium
| | - J Sprooten
- Laboratory for Cell Stress & Immunity (CSI), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (CMM), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Tejpar
- Molecular Digestive Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - D Testelmans
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Thevissen
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - T Van Buyten
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, B Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Vandenhaute
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Van Gassen
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB-UGent, Gent, Belgium
| | - L C Velásquez Pereira
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Vos
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - B Weynand
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Wilmer
- Laboratory for Clinical Infectious and Inflammatory Disorders, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Yserbyt
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A D Garg
- Laboratory for Cell Stress & Immunity (CSI), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (CMM), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - P Matthys
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - C Wouters
- Adaptive Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - D Lambrechts
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Wauters
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - J Wauters
- Laboratory for Clinical Infectious and Inflammatory Disorders, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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10
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Smets I, Prezzemolo T, Imbrechts M, Mallants K, Mitera T, Humblet-Baron S, Dubois B, Matthys P, Liston A, Goris A. Treatment-Induced BAFF Expression and B Cell Biology in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:676619. [PMID: 34122439 PMCID: PMC8187869 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.676619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although fingolimod and interferon-β are two mechanistically different multiple sclerosis (MS) treatments, they both induce B cell activating factor (BAFF) and shift the B cell pool towards a regulatory phenotype. However, whether there is a shared mechanism between both treatments in how they influence the B cell compartment remains elusive. In this study, we collected a cross-sectional study population of 112 MS patients (41 untreated, 42 interferon-β, 29 fingolimod) and determined B cell subsets, cell-surface and RNA expression of BAFF-receptor (BAFF-R) and transmembrane activator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) as well as plasma and/or RNA levels of BAFF, BAFF splice forms and interleukin-10 (IL-10) and -35 (IL-35). We added an in vitro B cell culture with four stimulus conditions (Medium, CpG, BAFF and CpG+BAFF) for untreated and interferon-β treated patients including measurement of intracellular IL-10 levels. Our flow experiments showed that interferon-β and fingolimod induced BAFF protein and mRNA expression (P ≤ 3.15 x 10-4) without disproportional change in the antagonizing splice form. Protein BAFF correlated with an increase in transitional B cells (P = 5.70 x 10-6), decrease in switched B cells (P = 3.29 x 10-4), and reduction in B cell-surface BAFF-R expression (P = 2.70 x 10-10), both on TACI-positive and -negative cells. TACI and BAFF-R RNA levels remained unaltered. RNA, plasma and in vitro experiments demonstrated that BAFF was not associated with increased IL-10 and IL-35 levels. In conclusion, treatment-induced BAFF correlates with a shift towards transitional B cells which are enriched for cells with an immunoregulatory function. However, BAFF does not directly influence the expression of the immunoregulatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-35. Furthermore, the post-translational mechanism of BAFF-induced BAFF-R cell surface loss was TACI-independent. These observations put the failure of pharmaceutical anti-BAFF strategies in perspective and provide insights for targeted B cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ide Smets
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Teresa Prezzemolo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory for Adaptive Immunology, KU Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maya Imbrechts
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Immunobiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Klara Mallants
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tania Mitera
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Immunobiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory for Adaptive Immunology, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bénédicte Dubois
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Matthys
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Immunobiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrian Liston
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory for Adaptive Immunology, KU Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - An Goris
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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11
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Roca CP, Burton OT, Gergelits V, Prezzemolo T, Whyte CE, Halpert R, Kreft Ł, Collier J, Botzki A, Spidlen J, Humblet-Baron S, Liston A. AutoSpill is a principled framework that simplifies the analysis of multichromatic flow cytometry data. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2890. [PMID: 34001872 PMCID: PMC8129071 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23126-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Compensating in flow cytometry is an unavoidable challenge in the data analysis of fluorescence-based flow cytometry. Even the advent of spectral cytometry cannot circumvent the spillover problem, with spectral unmixing an intrinsic part of such systems. The calculation of spillover coefficients from single-color controls has remained essentially unchanged since its inception, and is increasingly limited in its ability to deal with high-parameter flow cytometry. Here, we present AutoSpill, an alternative method for calculating spillover coefficients. The approach combines automated gating of cells, calculation of an initial spillover matrix based on robust linear regression, and iterative refinement to reduce error. Moreover, autofluorescence can be compensated out, by processing it as an endogenous dye in an unstained control. AutoSpill uses single-color controls and is compatible with common flow cytometry software. AutoSpill allows simpler and more robust workflows, while reducing the magnitude of compensation errors in high-parameter flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos P Roca
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Oliver T Burton
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Václav Gergelits
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Teresa Prezzemolo
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carly E Whyte
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrian Liston
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK.
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12
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Betrains A, Staels F, Moens L, Delafontaine S, Hershfield MS, Blockmans D, Liston A, Humblet-Baron S, Meyts I, Schrijvers R, Vanderschueren S. Diagnosis of deficiency of adenosine deaminase type 2 in adulthood. Scand J Rheumatol 2021; 50:493-496. [PMID: 33627040 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2021.1881156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Betrains
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious and Inflammatory Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F Staels
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Immunogenetics Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - L Moens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Delafontaine
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M S Hershfield
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Biochemistry, Durham, NC, USA
| | - D Blockmans
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious and Inflammatory Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Liston
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Immunogenetics Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Humblet-Baron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Immunogenetics Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - I Meyts
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Schrijvers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Immunogenetics Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Vanderschueren
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious and Inflammatory Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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13
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Humblet-Baron S, Franckaert D, Dooley J, Ailal F, Bousfiha A, Deswarte C, Oleaga-Quintas C, Casanova JL, Bustamante J, Liston A. IFN-γ and CD25 drive distinct pathologic features during hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 143:2215-2226.e7. [PMID: 30578871 PMCID: PMC7117880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory activation of CD8+ T cells can, when left unchecked, drive severe immunopathology. Hyperstimulation of CD8+ T cells through a broad set of triggering signals can precipitate hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a life-threatening systemic inflammatory disorder. OBJECTIVE The mechanism linking CD8+ T-cell hyperactivation to pathology is controversial, with excessive production of IFN-γ and, more recently, excessive consumption of IL-2, which are proposed as competing hypotheses. We formally tested the proximal mechanistic events of each pathway in a mouse model of HLH. METHODS In addition to reporting a complete autosomal recessive IFN-γ receptor 1-deficient patient with multiple aspects of HLH pathology, we used the mouse model of perforin (Prf1)KO mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus to genetically eliminate either IFN-γ production or CD25 expression and assess the immunologic, hematologic, and physiologic disease measurement. RESULTS We found a striking dichotomy between the mechanistic basis of the hematologic and inflammatory components of CD8+ T cell-mediated pathology. The hematologic features of HLH were completely dependent on IFN-γ production, with complete correction after loss of IFN-γ production without any role for CD8+ T cell-mediated IL-2 consumption. By contrast, the mechanistic contribution of the immunologic features was reversed, with no role for IFN-γ production but substantial correction after reduction of IL-2 consumption by hyperactivated CD8+ T cells. These results were complemented by the characterization of an IFN-γ receptor 1-deficient patients with HLH-like disease, in whom multiple aspects of HLH pathology were observed in the absence of IFN-γ signaling. CONCLUSION These results synthesize the competing mechanistic models of HLH pathology into a dichotomous pathogenesis driven through discrete pathways. A holistic model provides a new paradigm for understanding HLH and, more broadly, the consequences of CD8+ T-cell hyperactivation, thereby paving the way for clinical intervention based on the features of HLH in individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dean Franckaert
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - James Dooley
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fatima Ailal
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Casablanca Children's Hospital, Ibn Rochd Laboratoire LICIA d'Immunologie Clinique, Inflammation et Allergie, Medical School, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Aziz Bousfiha
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Casablanca Children's Hospital, Ibn Rochd Laboratoire LICIA d'Immunologie Clinique, Inflammation et Allergie, Medical School, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Caroline Deswarte
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Carmen Oleaga-Quintas
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Adrian Liston
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium.
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14
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Van Nieuwenhove E, Lagou V, Van Eyck L, Dooley J, Bodenhofer U, Roca C, Vandebergh M, Goris A, Humblet-Baron S, Wouters C, Liston A. Machine learning identifies an immunological pattern associated with multiple juvenile idiopathic arthritis subtypes. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 78:617-628. [PMID: 30862608 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-214354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common class of childhood rheumatic diseases, with distinct disease subsets that may have diverging pathophysiological origins. Both adaptive and innate immune processes have been proposed as primary drivers, which may account for the observed clinical heterogeneity, but few high-depth studies have been performed. METHODS Here we profiled the adaptive immune system of 85 patients with JIA and 43 age-matched controls with indepth flow cytometry and machine learning approaches. RESULTS Immune profiling identified immunological changes in patients with JIA. This immune signature was shared across a broad spectrum of childhood inflammatory diseases. The immune signature was identified in clinically distinct subsets of JIA, but was accentuated in patients with systemic JIA and those patients with active disease. Despite the extensive overlap in the immunological spectrum exhibited by healthy children and patients with JIA, machine learning analysis of the data set proved capable of discriminating patients with JIA from healthy controls with ~90% accuracy. CONCLUSIONS These results pave the way for large-scale immune phenotyping longitudinal studies of JIA. The ability to discriminate between patients with JIA and healthy individuals provides proof of principle for the use of machine learning to identify immune signatures that are predictive to treatment response group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Van Nieuwenhove
- UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vasiliki Lagou
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lien Van Eyck
- UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - James Dooley
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ulrich Bodenhofer
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Linz, Austria.,LIT AI Lab, Linz Institute of Technology, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.,QUOMATIC.AI, Linz, Austria
| | - Carlos Roca
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marijne Vandebergh
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - An Goris
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carine Wouters
- UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrian Liston
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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15
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Schlenner S, Pasciuto E, Lagou V, Burton O, Prezzemolo T, Junius S, Roca CP, Seillet C, Louis C, Dooley J, Luong K, Van Nieuwenhove E, Wicks IP, Belz G, Humblet-Baron S, Wouters C, Liston A. NFIL3 mutations alter immune homeostasis and sensitise for arthritis pathology. Ann Rheum Dis 2018; 78:342-349. [PMID: 30552177 PMCID: PMC6390028 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES NFIL3 is a key immunological transcription factor, with knockout mice studies identifying functional roles in multiple immune cell types. Despite the importance of NFIL3, little is known about its function in humans. METHODS Here, we characterised a kindred of two monozygotic twin girls with juvenile idiopathic arthritis at the genetic and immunological level, using whole exome sequencing, single cell sequencing and flow cytometry. Parallel studies were performed in a mouse model. RESULTS The patients inherited a novel p.M170I in NFIL3 from each of the parents. The mutant form of NFIL3 demonstrated reduced stability in vitro. The potential contribution of this mutation to arthritis susceptibility was demonstrated through a preclinical model, where Nfil3-deficient mice upregulated IL-1β production, with more severe arthritis symptoms on disease induction. Single cell sequencing of patient blood quantified the transcriptional dysfunctions present across the peripheral immune system, converging on IL-1β as a pivotal cytokine. CONCLUSIONS NFIL3 mutation can sensitise for arthritis development, in mice and humans, and rewires the innate immune system for IL-1β over-production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Schlenner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emanuela Pasciuto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vasiliki Lagou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Oliver Burton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Teresa Prezzemolo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steffie Junius
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carlos P Roca
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cyril Seillet
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cynthia Louis
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Dooley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kylie Luong
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Erika Van Nieuwenhove
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ian P Wicks
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gabrielle Belz
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium .,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carine Wouters
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium .,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrian Liston
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium .,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
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16
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Ehx G, Somja J, Warnatz HJ, Ritacco C, Hannon M, Delens L, Fransolet G, Delvenne P, Muller J, Beguin Y, Lehrach H, Belle L, Humblet-Baron S, Baron F. Xenogeneic Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Humanized NSG and NSG-HLA-A2/HHD Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1943. [PMID: 30214443 PMCID: PMC6125392 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing use of humanized mouse models to study new approaches of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention, the pathogenesis of xenogeneic GVHD (xGVHD) in these models remains misunderstood. The aim of this study is to describe this pathogenesis in NOD/LtSz-PrkdcscidIL2rγtm1Wjl (NSG) mice infused with human PBMCs and to assess the impact of the expression of HLA-A0201 by NSG mice cells (NSG-HLA-A2/HHD mice) on xGVHD and graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effects, by taking advantage of next-generation technologies. We found that T cells recovered from NSG mice after transplantation had upregulated expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, as well as in TCR, co-stimulatory, IL-2/STAT5, mTOR and Aurora kinase A pathways. T cells had mainly an effector memory or an effector phenotype and exhibited a Th1/Tc1-skewed differentiation. TCRβ repertoire diversity was markedly lower both in the spleen and lungs (a xGVHD target organ) than at infusion. There was no correlation between the frequencies of specific clonotypes at baseline and in transplanted mice. Finally, expression of HLA-A0201 by NSG mice led to more severe xGVHD and enhanced GvL effects toward HLA-A2+ leukemic cells. Altogether our data demonstrate that the pathogenesis of xGVHD shares important features with human GVHD and that NSG-HLA-A2/HHD mice could serve as better model to study GVHD and GvL effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Ehx
- Hematology Research Unit, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Joan Somja
- Department of Pathology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Hans-Jörg Warnatz
- Otto Warburg Laboratory Gene Regulation and Systems Biology of Cancer, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Caroline Ritacco
- Hematology Research Unit, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Muriel Hannon
- Hematology Research Unit, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Loïc Delens
- Hematology Research Unit, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gilles Fransolet
- Hematology Research Unit, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Joséphine Muller
- Hematology Research Unit, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Yves Beguin
- Hematology Research Unit, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Ludovic Belle
- Hematology Research Unit, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Baron
- Hematology Research Unit, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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17
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Ehx G, Fransolet G, de Leval L, D'Hondt S, Lucas S, Hannon M, Delens L, Dubois S, Drion P, Beguin Y, Humblet-Baron S, Baron F. Azacytidine prevents experimental xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease without abrogating graft-versus-leukemia effects. Oncoimmunology 2017. [PMID: 28638744 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1314425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The demethylating agent 5-azacytidine (AZA) has proven its efficacy in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia. In addition, AZA can demethylate FOXP3 intron 1 (FOXP3i1) leading to the generation of regulatory T cells (Treg). Here, we investigated the impact of AZA on xenogeneic graft-vs.-host disease (xGVHD) and graft-vs.-leukemia effects in a humanized murine model of transplantation (human PBMCs-infused NSG mice), and described the impact of the drug on human T cells in vivo. We observed that AZA improved both survival and xGVHD scores. Further, AZA significantly decreased human T-cell proliferation as well as IFNγ and TNF-α serum levels, and reduced the expression of GRANZYME B and PERFORIN 1 by cytotoxic T cells. In addition, AZA significantly increased Treg frequency through hypomethylation of FOXP3i1 as well as increased Treg proliferation. The latter was subsequent to higher STAT5 signaling in Treg from AZA-treated mice, which resulted from higher IL-2 secretion by conventional T cells from AZA-treated mice itself secondary to demethylation of the IL-2 gene promoter by AZA. Importantly, Tregs harvested from AZA-treated mice were suppressive and stable over time since they persisted at high frequency in secondary transplant experiments. Finally, graft-vs.-leukemia effects (assessed by growth inhibition of THP-1 cells, transfected to express the luciferase gene) were not abrogated by AZA. In summary, our data demonstrate that AZA prevents xGVHD without abrogating graft-vs.-leukemia effects. These findings could serve as basis for further studies of GVHD prevention by AZA in acute myeloid leukemia patients offered an allogeneic transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Ehx
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gilles Fransolet
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Institute of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie D'Hondt
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Lucas
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Muriel Hannon
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Loïc Delens
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sophie Dubois
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Drion
- Experimental Surgery unit, GIGA & Credec, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium
| | - Yves Beguin
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven; KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Baron
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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18
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van Nieuwenhuijze A, Dooley J, Humblet-Baron S, Sreenivasan J, Koenders M, Schlenner SM, Linterman M, Liston A. Defective germinal center B-cell response and reduced arthritic pathology in microRNA-29a-deficient mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2095-2106. [PMID: 28124096 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2456-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR) are short non-coding RNA sequences of 19-24 nucleotides that regulate gene expression by binding to mRNA target sequences. The miR-29 family of miR (miR-29a, b-1, b-2 and c) is a key player in T-cell differentiation and effector function, with deficiency causing thymic involution and a more inflammatory T-cell profile. However, the relative roles of different miR-29 family members in these processes have not been dissected. We studied the immunological role of the individual members of the miR-29 family using mice deficient for miR-29a/b-1 or miR-29b-2/c in homeostasis and during collagen-induced arthritis. We found a definitive hierarchy of immunological function, with the strong phenotype of miR-29a-deficiency in thymic involution and T-cell activation being reduced or absent in miR-29c-deficient mice. Strikingly, despite elevating the Th1 and Th17 responses, loss of miR-29a conferred near-complete protection from collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), with profound defects in B-cell proliferation and antibody production. Our results identify the hierarchical structure of the miR-29 family in T-cell biology, and identify miR-29a in B cells as a potential therapeutic target in arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie van Nieuwenhuijze
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB, KU Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, bus 1026, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - James Dooley
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB, KU Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, bus 1026, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB, KU Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, bus 1026, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jayasree Sreenivasan
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB, KU Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, bus 1026, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marije Koenders
- Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, Nijmegen, GA, The Netherlands
| | - Susan M Schlenner
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB, KU Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, bus 1026, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michelle Linterman
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Adrian Liston
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB, KU Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, bus 1026, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Ehx G, Hannon M, Beguin Y, Humblet-Baron S, Baron F. Validation of a multicolor staining to monitor phosphoSTAT5 levels in regulatory T-cell subsets. Oncotarget 2016; 6:43255-66. [PMID: 26657728 PMCID: PMC4791230 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are key players in immune tolerance. They express the transcription factor FOXP3 and are dependent of the STAT5 signaling for their homeostasis. So far, the study of phosphorylated epitopes by flow cytometry required treating the cells with methanol, which is harmful for several epitopes. METHODS Here we assessed whether the PerFix EXPOSE reagent kit (PFE)(Beckman Coulter) allowed monitoring the phosphorylation level of STAT5 in Treg subpopulations together with complex immunophenotyping. Results observed with the PFE kit were compared to those observed without cell permeabilization for surface markers, with paraformaldehyde permeabilization for non-phosphorylated intracellular epitopes, and with methanol-based permeabilization for phosphoSTAT5 staining. RESULTS In human PBMCs, the PFE kit allowed the detection of surface antigens, FOXP3, KI67 and phosphoSTAT5 in similar proportions to what was observed without permeabilization (for surface antigens), or with PFA or methanol permeabilizations for FOXP3/KI67 and phosphoSTAT5, respectively. Comparable observations were made with murine splenocytes. Further, the PFE kit allowed determining the response of different human and murine Treg subsets to IL-2. It also allowed demonstrating that human Treg subsets with the highest levels of phosphoSTAT5 had also the highest suppressive activity in vitro, and that anti-thymocyte glogulin (ATG) induced Treg independently of the STAT5 pathway, both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS We have validated a multicolor staining method that allows monitoring phosphoSTAT5 levels in Treg subsets. This staining could be useful to monitor responses of various Treg subsets to IL-2 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Ehx
- Hematology Research Unit, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Muriel Hannon
- Hematology Research Unit, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Yves Beguin
- Hematology Research Unit, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- Hematology Research Unit, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Autoimmune Genetics Laboratory, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Baron
- Hematology Research Unit, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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20
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Fransolet G, Ehx G, Somja J, Delens L, Hannon M, Muller J, Dubois S, Drion P, Caers J, Humblet-Baron S, Delvenne P, Beguin Y, Conteduca G, Baron F. Azacytidine mitigates experimental sclerodermic chronic graft-versus-host disease. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:53. [PMID: 27377819 PMCID: PMC4932697 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0281-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a protective role in the pathogenesis of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). Tregs constitutively express the gene of the transcription factor Foxp3 whose CNS2 region is heavily methylated in conventional CD4(+) T cells (CD4(+)Tconvs) but demethylated in Tregs. METHODS Here, we assessed the impact of azacytidine (AZA) on cGVHD in a well-established murine model of sclerodermic cGVHD (B10.D2 (H-2d) → BALB/cJ (H-2d)). RESULTS The administration of AZA every 48 h from day +10 to day +30 at the dose of 0.5 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg mitigated chronic GVHD. Further, AZA-treated mice exhibited higher blood and thymic Treg frequencies on day +35, as well as higher demethylation levels of the Foxp3 enhancer and the IL-2 promoter in splenocytes at day +52. Interestingly, Tregs from AZA-treated mice expressed more frequently the activation marker CD103 on day +52. AZA-treated mice had also lower counts of CD4(+)Tconvs and CD8(+) T cells from day +21 to day +35 after transplantation, as well as a lower proportion of CD4(+)Tconvs expressing the Ki67 antigen on day +21 demonstrating an anti-proliferating effect of the drug on T cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that AZA prevented sclerodermic cGVHD in a well-established murine model of cGVHD. These data might serve as the basis for a pilot study of AZA administration for cGVHD prevention in patients at high risk for cGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Fransolet
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Grégory Ehx
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Joan Somja
- GIGA-R, Department of Pathology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Loïc Delens
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Muriel Hannon
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Joséphine Muller
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sophie Dubois
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Drion
- GIGA-R, Animal care unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jo Caers
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Hematology, University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe Delvenne
- GIGA-R, Department of Pathology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Yves Beguin
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Hematology, University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Giuseppina Conteduca
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Baron
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium. .,Department of Hematology, University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
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Servais S, Beguin Y, Delens L, Ehx G, Fransolet G, Hannon M, Willems E, Humblet-Baron S, Belle L, Baron F. Novel approaches for preventing acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2016; 25:957-72. [PMID: 27110922 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2016.1182498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) offers potential curative treatment for a wide range of malignant and nonmalignant hematological disorders. However, its success may be limited by post-transplant acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), a systemic syndrome in which donor's immune cells attack healthy tissues in the immunocompromised host. aGVHD is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality after alloHSCT. Despite standard GVHD prophylaxis regimens, aGVHD still develops in approximately 40-60% of alloHSCT recipients. AREAS COVERED In this review, after a brief summary of current knowledge on the pathogenesis of aGVHD, the authors review the current combination of a calcineurin inhibitor with an antimetabolite with or without added anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) and emerging strategies for GVHD prevention. EXPERT OPINION A new understanding of the involvement of cytokines, intracellular signaling pathways, epigenetics and immunoregulatory cells in GVHD pathogenesis will lead to new standards for aGVHD prophylaxis allowing better prevention of severe aGVHD without affecting graft-versus-tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Servais
- a Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine , University and CHU of Liège , Liège , Belgium.,b GIGA I3 , University of Liège , Liège , Belgium
| | - Yves Beguin
- a Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine , University and CHU of Liège , Liège , Belgium.,b GIGA I3 , University of Liège , Liège , Belgium
| | - Loic Delens
- b GIGA I3 , University of Liège , Liège , Belgium
| | - Grégory Ehx
- b GIGA I3 , University of Liège , Liège , Belgium
| | | | | | - Evelyne Willems
- a Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine , University and CHU of Liège , Liège , Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- c Translational Immunology Laboratory , VIB , Leuven , Belgium.,d Department of Microbiology and Immunology , KUL-University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | | | - Frédéric Baron
- a Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine , University and CHU of Liège , Liège , Belgium.,b GIGA I3 , University of Liège , Liège , Belgium
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Humblet-Baron S, Franckaert D, Dooley J, Bornschein S, Cauwe B, Schönefeldt S, Bossuyt X, Matthys P, Baron F, Wouters C, Liston A. IL-2 consumption by highly activated CD8 T cells induces regulatory T-cell dysfunction in patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:200-209.e8. [PMID: 26947179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.12.1314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe inflammatory condition driven by excessive CD8(+) T-cell activation. HLH occurs as both acquired and familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) forms. In both conditions, a sterile or infectious trigger is required for disease initiation, which then becomes self-sustaining and life-threatening. Recent studies have attributed the key distal event to excessive IFN-γ production; however, the proximal events driving immune dysregulation have remained undefined. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the role of regulatory T (Treg) cells in the pathophysiology of experimental FHL. METHODS Because mutation in perforin is a common cause of FHL, we used an experimental FHL mouse model in which disease in perforin-deficient mice is triggered by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). We assessed Treg and CD8(+) T-cell homeostasis and activation during the changing systemic conditions in the mice. In addition, human blood samples were collected and analyzed during the HLH episode. RESULTS We found no primary Treg cell defects in perforin-deficient mice. However, Treg cell numbers collapsed after LCMV inoculation. The collapse of Treg cell numbers in LCMV-triggered perforin-deficient, but not wild-type, mice was accompanied by the combination of lower IL-2 secretion by conventional CD4(+) T cells, increased IL-2 consumption by activated CD8(+) T cells, and secretion of competitive soluble CD25. Moreover low Treg cell numbers were observed in untreated patients experiencing HLH flares. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that excessive CD8(+) T-cell activation rewires the IL-2 homeostatic network away from Treg cell maintenance and toward feed-forward inflammation. These results also provide a potential mechanistic pathway for the progression of infectious inflammation to persistent inflammation in patients with HLH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dean Franckaert
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - James Dooley
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Simon Bornschein
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bénédicte Cauwe
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Susann Schönefeldt
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xavier Bossuyt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Frédéric Baron
- GIGA I(3) and the Department of Hematology, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Carine Wouters
- University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Pediatric Immunology, KUL-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrian Liston
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Binsfeld M, Hannon M, Otjacques E, Humblet-Baron S, Baudoux E, Beguin Y, Baron F, Caers J. Impact of the immunomodulating peptide thymosin alpha 1 on multiple myeloma and immune recovery after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:989-98. [PMID: 25971542 PMCID: PMC11028767 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1708-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the accumulation of monoclonal plasma cells in the bone marrow and causes several immune alterations in patients. Thymosin α1 (Tα1) is a thymic peptide that has been associated with immuno-stimulating properties. In addition, this peptide exerts anti-tumor effects in several cancer types. Beneficial effects of Tα1 administration have also been shown on immune reconstitution after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), a current treatment modality in hematological malignancies including MM. In this study, we observed a slight reduction in the proliferation of murine and human MM cell lines in the presence of Tα1 in vitro. However, using two immunocompetent murine MM models (5TGM1 and MOPC315.BM), we did not observe any impact of Tα1 administration on MM development in vivo. Furthermore, no beneficial effects of Tα1 treatment were observed on lymphocyte immune reconstitution after transfusion of human hematopoietic stem cells into immunodeficient mice. In conclusion, despite direct effects of Tα1 on human MM cell line proliferation in vitro, Tα1 did not exert anti-myeloma effects in vivo in the two murine models tested. Moreover, Tα1 failed to improve immune recovery in a xenogeneic HSCT model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilène Binsfeld
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-Research, University of Liège, Bat. B34, CHU of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital, 1, 4000, Liège, Belgium,
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24
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Van Eyck L, De Somer L, Pombal D, Bornschein S, Frans G, Humblet-Baron S, Moens L, de Zegher F, Bossuyt X, Wouters C, Liston A. Brief Report:IFIH1Mutation Causes Systemic Lupus Erythematosus With Selective IgA Deficiency. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67:1592-7. [DOI: 10.1002/art.39110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francis de Zegher
- University Hospitals Leuven and University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | | | - Carine Wouters
- University Hospitals Leuven and University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
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25
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Hannon M, Beguin Y, Ehx G, Servais S, Seidel L, Graux C, Maertens J, Kerre T, Daulne C, de Bock M, Fillet M, Ory A, Willems E, Gothot A, Humblet-Baron S, Baron F. Immune Recovery after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Following Flu-TBI versus TLI-ATG Conditioning. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3131-9. [PMID: 25779951 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-3374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A conditioning regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) combining total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) plus anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) has been developed to induce graft-versus-tumor effects without graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We compared immune recovery in 53 patients included in a phase II randomized study comparing nonmyeloablative HCT following either fludarabine plus 2 Gy total body irradiation (TBI arm, n = 28) or 8 Gy TLI plus ATG (TLI arm, n = 25). RESULTS In comparison with TBI patients, TLI patients had a similarly low 6-month incidence of grade II-IV acute GVHD, a lower incidence of moderate/severe chronic GVHD (P = 0.02), a higher incidence of CMV reactivation (P < 0.001), and a higher incidence of relapse (P = 0.01). While recovery of total CD8(+) T cells was similar in the two groups, with median CD8(+) T-cell counts reaching the normal values 40 to 60 days after allo-HCT, TLI patients had lower percentages of naïve CD8 T cells. Median CD4(+) T-cell counts did not reach the lower limit of normal values the first year after allo-HCT in the two groups. Furthermore, CD4(+) T-cell counts were significantly lower in TLI than in TBI patients the first 6 months after transplantation. Interestingly, while median absolute regulatory T-cell (Treg) counts were comparable in TBI and TLI patients, Treg/naïve CD4(+) T-cell ratios were significantly higher in TLI than in TBI patients the 2 first years after transplantation. CONCLUSIONS Immune recovery differs substantially between these two conditioning regimens, possibly explaining the different clinical outcomes observed (NCT00603954).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Hannon
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Yves Beguin
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium. Department of Clinical Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Grégory Ehx
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sophie Servais
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium. Department of Clinical Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Laurence Seidel
- Department of statistics, SIME, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Carlos Graux
- Mont-Godine University Hospital (UCL), Yvoir, Belgium
| | | | | | - Coline Daulne
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Muriel de Bock
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marianne Fillet
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Aurélie Ory
- Department of Clinical Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Evelyne Willems
- Department of Clinical Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - André Gothot
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Humblet-Baron
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Baron
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium. Department of Clinical Hematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Hannon M, Lechanteur C, Lucas S, Somja J, Seidel L, Belle L, Bruck F, Baudoux E, Giet O, Chantillon AM, Delvenne P, Drion P, Beguin Y, Humblet-Baron S, Baron F. Infusion of clinical-grade enriched regulatory T cells delays experimental xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease. Transfusion 2013; 54:353-63. [PMID: 23772685 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the ability of clinical-grade enriched human regulatory T cells (Treg) to attenuate experimental xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) induced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs; autologous to Treg) infusion in NSG mice, as well as verified their inability to induce xenogeneic GVHD when infused alone. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Human Treg were isolated from peripheral blood apheresis products with a cell separation system (CliniMACS, Miltenyi Biotec GmbH) using a two-step procedure (simultaneous CD8 and CD19 depletion followed by CD25-positive selection) in six independent experiments with six different healthy volunteer donors. Sublethally (2.5 Gy) irradiated NSG mice were given 2 × 10(6) cytapheresis (PBMNC) product cells intravenously (IV) without (PBMNC group) or with 1 × 10(6) Treg (PBMNC + Treg group), while other NSG mice received 2 × 10(6) enriched Treg alone (also in IV; Treg group). RESULTS The first five procedures were successful at obtaining a relatively pure Treg population (defined as >50%), while the sixth procedure, due to a technical problem, was not (Treg purity, 42%). Treg cotransfusion significantly delayed death from xenogeneic GVHD in the first five experiments, (p < 0.0001) but not in the sixth experiment. Importantly, none of the mice given enriched Treg alone (Treg group) experienced clinical signs of GVHD, while, interestingly, the CD4+ cells found in these mice 26 days after transplantation were mainly conventional T cells (median CD25+FoxP3+ cells among human CD4+ total cells were only 2.1, 3.1, and 12.2% in spleen, marrow, and blood, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Infusion of clinical-grade enriched Treg delayed the occurrence of xenogeneic GVHD without inducing toxicity in this murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Hannon
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA)-I3, Laboratory of Cell and Genetic Therapy, Department of Pathology, Department of Statistics, GIGA-R, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Red Cross Transfusion Center of Liege, Liège, Belgium; Autoimmune Genetics Laboratory, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Humblet-Baron S, Liston A. Evaluation of immune suppressive mechanisms in a murine model of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2011. [PMCID: PMC3194679 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-9-s1-p309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Bruck F, Baron F, Dubois S, Briquet A, Hanon-Absil M, Belle L, Menten C, Beguin Y, Humblet-Baron S. Rapamycin Delays Xenogeneic Acute Graft Versus Host Disease (aGVHD) in Nod/Scid/Il2RγNull (NSG) Mice: Impact of Regulatory T Cells. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.12.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sather BD, Ryu BY, Stirling BV, Garibov M, Kerns HM, Humblet-Baron S, Astrakhan A, Rawlings DJ. Development of B-lineage predominant lentiviral vectors for use in genetic therapies for B cell disorders. Mol Ther 2010; 19:515-25. [PMID: 21139568 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2010.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustained, targeted, high-level transgene expression in primary B lymphocytes may be useful for gene therapy in B cell disorders. We developed several candidate B-lineage predominant self-inactivating lentiviral vectors (LV) containing alternative enhancer/promoter elements including: the immunoglobulin β (Igβ) (B29) promoter combined with the immunoglobulin µ enhancer (EµB29); and the endogenous BTK promoter with or without Eµ (EµBtkp or Btkp). LV-driven enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) reporter expression was evaluated in cell lines and primary cells derived from human or murine hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). In murine primary cells, EµB29 and EµBtkp LV-mediated high-level expression in immature and mature B cells compared with all other lineages. Expression increased with B cell maturation and was maintained in peripheral subsets. Expression in T and myeloid cells was much lower in percentage and intensity. Similarly, both EµB29 and EµBtkp LV exhibited high-level activity in human primary B cells. In contrast to EµB29, Btkp and EµBtkp LV also exhibited modest activity in myeloid cells, consistent with the expression profile of endogenous Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk). Notably, EµB29 and EµBtkp activity was superior in all expression models to an alternative, B-lineage targeted vector containing the EµS.CD19 enhancer/promoter. In summary, EµB29 and EµBtkp LV comprise efficient delivery platforms for gene expression in B-lineage cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blythe D Sather
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
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Castermans E, Hannon M, Dutrieux J, Humblet-Baron S, Seidel L, Cheynier R, Willems E, Gothot A, Vanbellinghen JF, Geenen V, Sandmaier BM, Storb R, Beguin Y, Baron F. Thymic recovery after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with non-myeloablative conditioning is limited to patients younger than 60 years of age. Haematologica 2010; 96:298-306. [PMID: 20934996 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2010.029702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term immune recovery in older patients given hematopoietic cell transplantation after non-myeloablative conditioning remains poorly understood. This prompted us to investigate long-term lymphocyte reconstitution and thymic function in 80 patients given allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells after non-myeloablative conditioning. DESIGN AND METHODS Median age at transplant was 57 years (range 10-71). Conditioning regimen consisted of 2 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) with (n=46) or without (n=20) added fludarabine, 4 Gy TBI with fludarabine (n=6), or cyclophosphamide plus fludarabine (n=8). Stem cell sources were unmanipulated (n=56), CD8-depleted (n=19), or CD34-selected (n=5) peripheral blood stem cells. Immune recovery was assessed by signal-joint T-cell receptor excision circle quantification and flow cytometry. RESULTS Signal-joint T-cell receptor excision circle levels increased from day 100 to one and two years after transplantation in patients under 50 years of age (n=23; P=0.02 and P=0.04, respectively), and in those aged 51-60 years (n=35; P=0.17 and P=0.06, respectively), but not in patients aged over 60 (n=22; P=0.3 and P=0.3, respectively). Similarly, CD4(+)CD45RA(+) (naïve) T-cell counts increased from day 100 to one and two years after transplantation in patients aged 50 years and under 50 (P=0.002 and P=0.02, respectively), and in those aged 51-60 (P=0.4 and P=0.001, respectively), but less so in patients aged over 60 (P=0.3 and P=0.06, respectively). In multivariate analyses, older patient age (P<0.001), extensive chronic GVHD (P<0.001), and prior (resolved) extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease (P=0.008) were associated with low signal-joint T-cell receptor excision circle levels one year or more after HCT. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our data suggest that thymic neo-generation of T cells occurred from day 100 onwards in patients under 60 while signal-joint T-cell receptor excision circle levels remained low for patients aged over 60. Further, chronic graft-versus-host disease had a dramatic impact on thymic function, as observed previously in patients given grafts after myeloablative conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Castermans
- University of Liège, Department of Hematology, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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Humblet-Baron S, Willems E, Dengis O, Seidel L, Beguin Y, Baron F. Prediction Of Acute GVHD Following Nonmyeloablative Conditioning By Measurement Of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Receptor 1 (TNFR1) At Baseline And At Day 7 After Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2009.12.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Humblet-Baron S, Castermans E, Vanbellighen JF, Hannon M, Jacobs N, Willems E, Ormenese S, Beguin Y, Baron F. What Is The Role For Regulatory T-Cells After Nonmyeloablative Conditioning? Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.12.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Humblet-Baron S, Castermans E, Vanbellighen JF, Hannon M, Jacobs N, Beguin Y, Baron F. 373: What is the Role for Regulatory T-cells after Nonmyeloablative Conditioning? Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2007.12.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Baron F, Schaaf-Lafontaine N, Humblet-Baron S, Meuris N, Castermans E, Baudoux E, Frère P, Bours V, Fillet G, Beguin Y. T-cell reconstitution after unmanipulated, CD8-depleted or CD34-selected nonmyeloablative peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation. Transplantation 2003; 76:1705-13. [PMID: 14688520 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000093987.11389.f7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown that CD8 depletion or CD34 selection of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) reduced the incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) after nonmyeloablative stem-cell transplantation (NMSCT). In this study, we analyze the effect of CD8 depletion or CD34 selection of the graft on early T-cell reconstitution. METHODS Nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen consisted in 2 Gy total-body irradiation (TBI) alone, 2 Gy TBI and fludarabine, or cyclophosphamide and fludarabine. Patients 1 to 18 received unmanipulated PBSC, patients 19 to 29 CD8-depleted PBSC, and patients 30 to 35 CD34-selected PBSC. RESULTS T-cell counts, and particularly CD4+ and CD4CD45RA+ counts, remained low the first 6 months after nonmyeloablative stem-cell transplantation (NMSCT) in all patients. CD34 selection (P<0.0001) but not CD8 depletion of PBSC significantly decreased T-cell chimerism. Donor T-cell count was similar in unmanipulated compared with CD8-depleted PBSC recipients but was significantly lower in CD34-selected PBSC recipients (P=0.0012). T cells of recipient origin remained stable over time in unmanipulated and CD8-depleted PBSC patients but expanded in some CD34-selected PBSC recipients between day 28 and 100 after transplant. Moreover, whereas CD8 depletion only decreased CD8+ counts (P<0.047), CD34 selection reduced CD3+(P<0.001), CD8+(P<0.016), CD4+ (P<0.001), and CD4+CD45RA+ (P<0.001) cell counts. T-cell repertoire was restricted in all patients on day 100 after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation but was even more limited after CD34 selection (P=0.002). CONCLUSIONS Despite of the persistence of a significant number of T cells of recipient origin, T-cell counts were low the first 6 months after NMSCT. Moreover, contrary with CD8 depletion of the graft that only affects CD8+ lymphocyte counts, CD34 selection dramatically decreased both CD8 and CD4 counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Baron
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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Humblet-Baron S, Baron F, Beguin Y, Chachati A, Bury J, Morelon E, Kreis H. Donor lymphocyte infusion for late relapse followed by kidney transplantation for end-stage renal failure after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia. Transplantation 2003; 76:1531-2. [PMID: 14657702 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000085285.59061.d7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hafraoui K, Humblet-Baron S, Baron F, Beguin Y, Fillet G. [How I treat...chronic myeloid leukemia]. Rev Med Liege 2003; 58:7-12. [PMID: 12647591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
This review article describes the identification of the tyrosine kinase BCR/ABL as the hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemias (CML) as well as the development of a specific inhibitor of this tyrosine kinase, the STI571 (Glivec, imatinib mesylate). The authors discuss the results of a phase I and three phase II trials reporting the efficacy of STI571 as treatment for CML patients and propose two simplified algorithms that may help to guide decision-making for the individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hafraoui
- Département de Médecine, Service d'Hématologie, Université de Liège
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