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Parveen D, Das A, Amin S, Alam MM, Akhter M, Ahmed Khan M, Ali R, Anwer T, Sheikh KA, Azam F, Shaquiquzzaman M. Effectiveness of estrogen and its derivatives over dexamethasone in the treatment of COVID-19. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:1858-1874. [PMID: 37129196 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2205944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid widely used for its treatment. Dexamethasone is not used in non-severe cases due to its immunosuppressant action. So, considering this, Estrogen and Estetrol were tested for the treatment of COVID-19 as they all possess a common steroid ring and dislike dexamethasone, they are immunoenhancer. Virtual screening of test ligands was performed through molecular docking, MM-GBSA, simulations, in silico ADMET and drug-likeness prediction to identify their potential to inhibit the effects of SARS-CoV-2. Results showed that test ligands possess drug-like properties and they are safe as drug candidates. The protein-ligand interaction study revealed that they bind with the amino acid residues at the active site of the target proteins and the test ligands possess better binding potential than Dexamethasone. With protein Mpro, Estetrol and Estrogen showed docking score of -7.240 and -5.491 kcal/mol, and with protein ACE2, Estetrol and Estrogen showed docking score of -5.269 and -4.732 kcal/mol, respectively. Further, MD Simulation was carried out and most of the interactions of molecular docking are preserved during simulation. The prominent interactions that our test ligands showed during MD Simulation are similar to drugs that possess in vitro anticovid activity as shown in recent studies. Hence, our test ligands possessed potential for anticovid activity and they should be further tested through in vitro and in vivo studies for their activity against COVID-19.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darakhshan Parveen
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Anwesha Das
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Shaista Amin
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - M Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruhi Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, DIPSAR, Delhi Pharmaceutical Science and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, India
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khursheed A Sheikh
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Faizul Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Shaquiquzzaman
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Nomier Y, Asaad GF, Salama A, Shabana ME, Alshahrani S, Firoz Alam M, Anwer T, Sultana S, ur Rehman Z, Khalid A. Explicit mechanistic insights of Prosopis juliflora extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats at the molecular level. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101755. [PMID: 37727228 PMCID: PMC10505680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Ancient system of medicine showed the limelight on the use of herbal remedies and was found to possess minimal side effects and acceptable therapeutic outcomes. In this context, Prosopis juliflora gained importance in managing chronic diseases such as cancer, dermatological diseases, and chronic inflammatory disorders. Hence, P. juliflora was selected for further investigation associated with diabetes and inflammation. Aim The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity in chemically induced experimental rats and explore the nature of phytocomponents that may produce this activity. Methods Experimentally, diabetes was induced by a single administration of streptozotocin at 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally in Wistar rats. The animals were treated orally with P. juliflora at low and high doses (200 and 400 mg/kg) for 10 days. Blood collected from the retro-orbital plexus was analyzed for parameters like blood glucose levels, insulin, adiponectin, Keap1 and Nrf2. PPAR-γ, AMPK and GLUT 2 levels were analyzed in the pancreatic tissue. Besides, at the end of the experiment, animals were sacrificed, and the pancreatic tissue sections were subjected for histopathological, morphometrical and immune histochemical exploration. The phytochemical composition of the plant was investigated by GC-MS. Results The administration of P. juliflora higher dose showed a significant decrease (**p< 0.001) in blood glucose levels with a rise in adiponectin, PPARγ, Keap1, Nrf2, Glut 2, and AMPK significantly (**p< 0.001). The inflammatory cytokine TNFα was also estimated and was found to be lowered significantly (**p< 0.001) in test drug-treated animals. Furthermore, in the pancreatic tissue, the number of Islets, the area, and the number of β-cells were improved significantly with the sub-chronic treatment of P. juliflora extract. The structure and function of β-cells were also revamped. Conclusion The study results demonstrated a significant effect of P. juliflora on glycemic status, inflammatory condition, and the architecture of pancreatic tissue. In the identification and isolation process by GC MS, it was noticed that P. juliflora contained few phytochemical constituents from which it might be considered a promising drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra Nomier
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gihan F. Asaad
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abeer Salama
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa E. Shabana
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Firoz Alam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahnaz Sultana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zia ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute, National Centre for Research, P.O. Box: 2424, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
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Khan G, Alam MF, Alshahrani S, Almoshari Y, Jali AM, Alqahtani S, Khalid M, Mir Najib Ullah SN, Anwer T. Trastuzumab-Mediated Cardiotoxicity and Its Preventive Intervention by Zingerone through Antioxidant and Inflammatory Pathway in Rats. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13050750. [PMID: 37240920 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13050750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Trastuzumab (TZB) is a new medicine, used to treat cancers of the breast and stomach. However, the cardiotoxic potential of this drug edges out its clinical advantages. The present study was designed to find out the effect of zingerone against trastuzumab-mediated cardiotoxicity in rats. In this study, five groups of rats with eight animals in each group were used. Group 1 was treated with normal saline, as a normal control (NC); Group 2 was treated with TZB (6 mg/kg/week-for five weeks) intraperitoneally as a toxic control. Groups 3 and 4 were pre-treated with zingerone (50 and 100 mg/kg, as per their body weight orally) along with five doses of TZB for five weeks, and Group 5 was treated with zingerone (100 mg/kg, body weight orally) as a control. TZB treatment showed cardiotoxicity as evidenced by increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) and decreased level of glutathione (GSH), and antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-s- transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Zingerone pre-treatment significantly decreased the levels of AST, CK-MB, LDH, and LPO and increased GSH and antioxidant enzymes content toward their normal level. In the TZB-alone administered group, inflammatory cytokines (IL-2 and TNF-α) levels were also elevated. Pre-treatment with zingerone restored the level of IL-2 and TNF-α toward normal level. The current findings undoubtedly demonstrated zingerone's cardioprotective nature against TZB-mediated cardiotoxicity in rats with the evidence of histopathological recall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyas Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Firoz Alam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yosif Almoshari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed M Jali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16278, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Ahmed RA, Alam MF, Alshahrani S, Jali AM, Qahl AM, Khalid M, Muzafar HMA, Alhamami HN, Anwer T. Capsaicin Ameliorates the Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Inhibiting Free Radicals Generation, Inflammatory Cytokines, and Apoptotic Pathway in Rats. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030786. [PMID: 36983940 PMCID: PMC10056591 DOI: 10.3390/life13030786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide is an antineoplastic agent that has a broad range of therapeutic applications; however, it has numerous side effects, including cardiotoxicity. Furthermore, chili peppers contain a substance called capsaicin, having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, this research paper focuses on the potential mechanism of capsaicin’s cardioprotective activity against cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity by measuring the expression of oxidative and inflammatory marker such as interleukins and caspases. The following groups of rats were randomly assigned: only vehicle given for 6 days (control group); cyclophosphamide 200 mg/kg intraperitoneal on 4th day only (positive control group); capsaicin 10 mg/kg orally given for 6 days followed by cyclophosphamide 200 mg/kg on 4th day of treatment; capsaicin 20 mg/kg orally for six days followed by cyclophosphamide 200 mg/kg on 4th day of treatment; and maximum amount of capsaicin alone (20 mg/kg) orally for six days. Using ELISA kits, it was found that the cyclophosphamide administration significantly increased the levels of lactate dehydrogenase, troponin-I (cardiac cell damage marker), lipid peroxidation, triglyceride, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and caspase 3. However, it markedly reduced the antioxidant enzymes catalase and glutathione levels. Both doses of capsaicin could reverse cardiac cell damage markers, as shown by a significant decline in (lactate dehydrogenase and troponin-I). In addition, capsaicin significantly reduced the cytokine levels (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha), caspase 3, lipid peroxidation, and triglycerides. However, capsaicin treatment significantly raised the antioxidant content of enzymes such as glutathione and catalase. The capsaicin-treated group restored the oxidative parameter’s imbalance and generated considerable protection against cardiomyocyte harm from cyclophosphamide in male Wistar rats. These protective effects might be beneficial against the negative impacts of cyclophosphamide when used to treat cancer and immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayan A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (R.A.A.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Mohammad Firoz Alam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (R.A.A.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed M. Jali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. Qahl
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16278, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham M. A. Muzafar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain N. Alhamami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Amin S, Sheikh KA, Iqubal A, Ahmed Khan M, Shaquiquzzaman M, Tasneem S, Khanna S, Najmi AK, Akhter M, Haque A, Anwer T, Mumtaz Alam M. Synthesis, in-Silico studies and biological evaluation of pyrimidine based thiazolidinedione derivatives as potential anti-diabetic agent. Bioorg Chem 2023; 134:106449. [PMID: 36889200 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the advancements in the management of Diabetes mellitus, the design and synthesis of drug molecule which ameliorates the hyperglycemia and associated secondary complications in diabetic patients, still remains a challenge. Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization and anti-diabetic evaluation of pyrimidine-thiazolidinedione derivatives. The synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR and Mass Spectroscopic analytical techniques. The in-silico ADME studies depicted that the compounds were within the permissible limits of the Lipinski's rule of five. The compounds 6e and 6m showing the best results in OGTT were evaluated for in-vivo anti-diabetic evaluation in STZ induced diabetic rats. Administration of 6e and 6m for four weeks decreased the blood glucose levels significantly. Compound 6e (4.5 mg/kg p.o.) was the most potent compound of the series. It reduced the level of blood glucose to 145.2 ± 1.35 compared to the standard Pioglitazone (150.2 ± 1.06). Moreover, the 6e and 6m treated group did not show increase in bodyweight. The biochemical estimations showed that the levels of ALT, ASP, ALP, urea, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, total protein and LDH restored to normal in 6e and 6m treated groups as compared to STZ control group. The histopathological studies supported the results obtained in biochemical estimations. Both the compounds did not show any toxicity. Moreover, the histopathological studies of pancreas, liver, heart and kidney revealed that the structural integrity of these tissues restored to almost normal in 6e and 6m treated groups as compared to STZ control group. Based upon these findings it can be concluded that the pyrimidine-based thiazolidinedione derivatives represent novel anti-diabetic agents with least side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaista Amin
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Khursheed A Sheikh
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Ashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - M Shaquiquzzaman
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Sharba Tasneem
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Suruchi Khanna
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - A K Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Anzarul Haque
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Buraydah College of Pharmacy and Dentistry, PO Box-31717, Buraydah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Nomier Y, Khuwaja G, Penakalapati SR, Alshahrani S, Rehman Z, Khawaji R, Alhazmi W, Mubarak A, Alam MF, Anwer T, Rashid H, Shaheen E, Alkashef K. Ethnopharmacological evaluation of Poppy seed oil in combination with Tramadol on behavioral paradigm and on dopamine, and cytokines levels. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:2077-2090. [PMID: 36930507 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202303_31579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study was taken up to evaluate the combination of two drugs in the management of behavioral disorders such as locomotor activity, muscle relaxation, analgesic, and anxiolytic activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the methodology, Wistar rats weighing (150-180 g) were divided into six groups of 6 each (n=6). All the animals (groups II to VI) were subjected to stress and analyzed for anxiolytic activity using an elevated plus maze. The animals were treated for 28 days with poppy seed oil in lower and higher doses (1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg), tramadol in lower and higher doses (1.5 and 3 mg/kg) as individual groups, and one group with a combination of both drugs in lower doses. RESULTS The results depicted showed that the combined treatment had significantly (**p <0.001) improvised behavior deficits, extemporized, and diminished anxiety-like attitude in rats, and showed the analgesic property in a significant manner. The pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β were evaluated in the serum and were observed to be lessened the values of both in a significant manner with the co-administration of both the test drugs. The dopamine concentrations were also determined in the serum, which disclosed a decline (**p <0.001) significantly. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded from the results that a combined effect of drugs might be beneficial in the management of behavioral disorders and pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nomier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia.
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Rashid H, Akhter MS, Alshahrani S, Qadri M, Nomier Y, Sageer M, Khan A, Alam MF, Anwer T, Ayoub R, Bahkali RJH. Mitochondrial oxidative damage by co-exposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen in rat testes and its amelioration by melatonin. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2023; 50:26-33. [PMID: 36935409 PMCID: PMC10030205 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2022.05568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human exposure to multiple xenobiotics, over various developmental windows, results in adverse health effects arising from these concomitant exposures. Humans are widely exposed to bisphenol A, and acetaminophen is the most commonly used over-the-counter drug worldwide. Bisphenol A is a well-recognized male reproductive toxicant, and increasing evidence suggests that acetaminophen is also detrimental to the male reproductive system. The recent recognition of male reproductive system dysfunction in conditions of suboptimal reproductive outcomes makes it crucial to investigate the contributions of toxicant exposures to infertility and sub-fertility. We aimed to identify toxicity in the male reproductive system at the mitochondrial level in response to co-exposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen, and we investigated whether melatonin ameliorated this toxicity. METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n=10 each): a control group and groups that received melatonin, bisphenol A, acetaminophen, bisphenol A and acetaminophen, and bisphenol A and acetaminophen with melatonin treatment. RESULTS Significantly higher lipid peroxidation was observed in the testicular mitochondria and sperm in the treatment groups than in the control group. Levels of glutathione and the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and manganese superoxide dismutase decreased significantly in response to the toxicant treatments. Likewise, the toxicant treatments significantly decreased the sperm count and motility, while significantly increasing sperm mortality. Melatonin mitigated the adverse effects of bisphenol A and acetaminophen. CONCLUSION Co-exposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen elevated oxidative stress in the testicular mitochondria, and this effect was alleviated by melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Suhail Akhter
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Qadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousra Nomier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Sageer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andleeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad F Alam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Razan Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana J H Bahkali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Moni SS, Mohan S, Makeen HA, Alhazmi HA, Basode VK, Rehman Z, Alam MS, Alam MF, Anwer T, Elmobark ME, Abdulhaq A, Alamoudi MUA, Hadi IMH, Amri SAA, Alrithi AMA, Jathmi ZAJ, Kaabi MAA. Spectral characterization and biological evaluation of biomolecules from the peels of three orange fruits: a comparative study. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 82:e267856. [PMID: 36700593 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.267856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work was designed to investigate the presence of bioactive chemicals in the reaction mixtures (RMs) of peels of Valencia, Mandarin, and African navel oranges, through GC-MS and FT-IR studies. Limonene, a unique compound, is present in the RMs of the three orange peels. Moreover, hexadecanoic acid 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester was identified in the RMs of all the three-orange peels. The RM of Mandarin orange exhibited potent cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 ATCC human breast cancer cells (HBC). All the three RMs exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against the human pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 700603), Salmonella choleraesis (ATCC 10708), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and Proteus mirabilis (ATCC 299).
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Moni
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Mohan
- Jazan University, Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Saveetha University, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha Dental College, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Chennai, India.,University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, School of Health Sciences, Dehradun, Utta-rakhand, India
| | - H A Makeen
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - H A Alhazmi
- Jazan University, Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - V K Basode
- Jazan University, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Unit of Medical Microbiology, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z Rehman
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - M S Alam
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - M F Alam
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - T Anwer
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - M E Elmobark
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Abdulhaq
- Jazan University, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Unit of Medical Microbiology, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - M U A Alamoudi
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - I M H Hadi
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - S A A Amri
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M A Alrithi
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z A J Jathmi
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A A Kaabi
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Anwer T, Alruwaili MN, Alshahrani S, Alqahtani SS, Jali A, Ahmed RA, Alam MF, Moni SS. Hepatoprotective potential of diosmin against hepatotoxic effect of isoniazid and rifampin in wistar rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271221149199. [PMID: 36592122 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221149199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The treatment of tuberculosis with isoniazid and rifampin is associated with hepatocellular damage. Therefore, the study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of diosmin against hepatotoxic effect of isoniazid and rifampin in Wistar rats. METHODS Hepatotoxicity was induced by administering isoniazid and rifampin (100 mg/kg), whereas diosmin was given as treatment control. Markers of liver function (ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin), inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β), apoptosis (caspase-3), oxidative stress parameters (LPO, GSH, CAT and SOD) and histological changes in liver were assessed in normal, hepatotoxic control and treatment groups. RESULTS The administration of isoniazid and rifampin significantly increased markers of liver dysfunction (ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin), cytokines (TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β) and apoptosis (caspase-3). However, daily dosing of diosmin significantly reduced these markers of liver dysfunction, inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis to near normal levels. Additionally, markers of hepatocellular oxidative stress parameters were significantly altered as evident from increased LPO level and decreased endogenous antioxidants such as GSH, SOD and CAT in isoniazid-and rifampin-treated hepatotoxic group. It was observed that diosmin treatment reduced high levels of LPO and demonstrated significant improvement in antioxidant levels. Histological studies of liver also supported our biochemical findings, which are also manifested as diosmin treatment exhibited protection against hepatocellular degeneration and inflammation. CONCLUSION Results of the present study demonstrate hepatoprotective potential of diosmin against isoniazid-and rifampin-treated hepatotoxicity. Thus, we conclude that diosmin may be used along with anti-tubercular drugs (isoniazid and rifampin) in tuberculosis patients to overcome their hepatotoxic adverse effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, 123285Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed N Alruwaili
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, 123285Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, 123285Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, 123285Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, 123285Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed Jali
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, 123285Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, 123285Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Firoz Alam
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, 123285Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sivakumar S Moni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Alam MF, Hijri SI, Alshahrani S, Alqahtani SS, Jali AM, Ahmed RA, Adawi MM, Algassmi SM, Shaheen ES, Moni SS, Anwer T. Zingerone Attenuates Carfilzomib-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats through Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Cytokine Network. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415617. [PMID: 36555257 PMCID: PMC9779556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carfilzomib (CFZ) is an anticancer medication acting as a selective proteasome inhibitor. However, it can cause cardiovascular problems, increasing mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to investigate whether zingerone (ZRN) could help reduce carfilzomib-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar albino rats. Rats were divided into five groups of six animals each. The first group received normal saline as a control (NC); the second group received multiple doses (six) of CFZ (4 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (IP); the third and fourth groups received zingerone (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg oral) along with six doses of CFZ for 16 days; and the fifth group received only 100 mg/kg zingerone orally. Hematological, biochemical, oxidative stress, and histopathological studies confirmed the findings of CFZ-induced cardiotoxicity. We found that ZRN significantly attenuated the effects of CFZ on oxidative stress by enhancing the antioxidant properties of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Additionally, ZRN reduces inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic markers, such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and caspase-3. Overall, zingerone prevents carfilzomib-induced cardiotoxicity in rats, as evidenced by histopathological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Firoz Alam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Sami I. Hijri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad S. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed M. Jali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour M. Adawi
- Department of Histopathology, King Fahad Hospital, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameeh M. Algassmi
- Department of Histopathology, King Fahad Hospital, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Sayed Shaheen
- Department of Animal House, Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sivakumar S. Moni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Alshahrani S, Ali Thubab HM, Ali Zaeri AM, Anwer T, Ahmed RA, Jali AM, Qadri M, Nomier Y, Moni SS, Alam MF. The Protective Effects of Sesamin against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity through Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory-Cytokines and Apoptosis in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911615. [PMID: 36232918 PMCID: PMC9569534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide is an anticancer drug with a wide spectrum of clinical uses, but its typical side effects are multiple complications, including nephron toxicity. The possible molecular mechanism of the nephroprotective action of sesamin (SM) against cyclophosphamide (CP) induced renal toxicity was investigated in rats by understanding oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. In this study, rats were arbitrarily grouped into the following four groups: a normal control group (CNT); a CP-induced toxicity group; a treatment group with two doses of sesamin SM10 and SM20; a group with sesamin (SM20) alone. A single dose of CP (150 mg/kg body, i.p.) was administered on day 4 of the experiments, while treatment with SM was given orally for seven days from day 1. The group treated with SM showed a significant protective effect against CP-induced renal damage in rats. Treatment with SM significantly increased the antioxidant enzymes (GSH, CAT, and SOD) and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Thus, SM significantly overcame the elevated kidney function markers (creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and uric acid) by attenuating oxidative stress. The SM also significantly reduced the elevated cytokines (IL-1β and TNFα) and caspase-3 in the treated group. Histopathological studies confirmed the protective effect of sesamin (SM) on CP-induced nephrotoxicity. In conclusion, the current findings support the nephroprotective effect of sesamin against CP-induced renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Hani M. Ali Thubab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman M. Ali Zaeri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed M. Jali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Qadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousra Nomier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sivakumar S. Moni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad F. Alam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (M.F.A.)
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12
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Tasneem S, Alam MM, Amir M, Akhter M, Parvez S, Verma G, Nainwal LM, Equbal A, Anwer T, Shaquiquzzaman M. Heterocyclic Moieties as HDAC Inhibitors: Role in Cancer Therapeutic. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:1648-1706. [PMID: 34939540 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666211221144013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
'Epigenetic' regulation of genes via post-translational modulation of proteins is a well explored approach for the disease therapies, particularly cancer chemotherapeutics. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are one of the important epigenetic targets and are mainly responsible for balancing the acetylation/deacetylation of lysine amino acids on histone/nonhistone proteins along with histone acetyltransferase (HAT). HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) have become an important biologically active compounds for the treatment of cancers due to cell cycle arrest, differentiation and apoptosis in tumor cells and thus leads to anticancer activity. Out of the four classes of HDAC i.e. Class I, II, III and IV, HDACIs act on Class-IV (Zinc dependent HDAC) and various FDA-approved drugs belong to this category. The required canonical pharmacophore model (zinc binding group, surface recognition cap and appropriate linker) supported by HDACIs, various heterocyclic moieties containing compounds exhibiting HDAC inhibitory activity and structure activity relationship of different synthetic derivatives reported during last twelve years have been summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharba Tasneem
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi. India
| | - Mohammad Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi. India
| | - Mohammad Amir
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi. India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi. India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi . India
| | - Garima Verma
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi. India
| | - Lalit Mohan Nainwal
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi. India
| | - Ashif Equbal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi. India
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Department o Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, PO Box 114, Gizan. Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Shaquiquzzaman
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi. India
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13
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Anwer T, Alkarbi ZA, Hassan Najmi A, Alshahrani S, Siddiqui R, Khan G, Firoz Alam M. Modulatory effect of zingerone against STZ-nicotinamide induced type-2 diabetes mellitus in rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:304-310. [PMID: 31389247 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1637436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this research was to explore the role of zingerone on hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin level, oxidative biochemical markers and histological alterations in β-cells of type-2 diabetic rats. The outcome of this study illustrates reduction in glucose and insulin levels significantly in zingerone-treated diabetic groups. Lipid parameters were resumed to normal in zingerone-treated diabetic group as demonstrated by significant reduction in triglycerides, cholesterols (total, low-density and very low-density) levels along with significant increase high-density cholesterols levels. Zingerone-treated diabetic groups exhibited significant reduction in LPO levels and restoration of GSH contents. Administration of zingerone to treated diabetic groups indicated improvement in antioxidant enzymes (GPx, GR, GST, SOD and CAT). Administration of zingerone to treated diabetic groups minimized degeneration of pancreatic β-cells as witnessed from histopathological studies. Our results demonstrate that zingerone modulates hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, oxidative biochemical markers and degenerative changes in β-cells of treated diabetic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahimullah Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gyas Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Firoz Alam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Moni SS, Alam MF, Sultan MH, Makeen HA, Alhazmi HA, Mohan S, Alam MS, Rehman ZU, Jabeen A, Sanobar S, Elmobark ME, Siddiqui R, Anwer T. Spectral analysis, in vitro cytotoxicity and antibacterial studies of bioactive principles from the leaves of Conocarpus lancifolius, a common tree of Jazan, Saudi Arabia. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e244479. [PMID: 34320049 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.244479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to analyse the bioactive compounds of the leaves of Conocarpus lancifolius (C. lancifolius). The GC-MS analysis of the hot methanolic extract of the leaves (HMEL) of C. lancifolius exhibited the bioactive compounds such as 1-(3-Methoxy-2-nitrobenzyl) iso quinoline, morphin-4-ol-6,7-dione, 1-bromo-N-methyl-, phytol, hexadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, 2,2':4',2"-terthiophene, ethyl iso-allocholate, caryophyllene oxide, campesterol, epiglobulol, cholestan-3-ol, 2-methylene-, (3á,5à)-, dasycarpidan-1-methanol, acetate (ester) and oleic acid, eicosyl ester. The FT-IR analysis of HMEL of C. lancifolius showed a unique peak at 3184, 2413, 1657 cm-1 representing coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid. The HMEL of C. lancifolius was actively inhibiting the proliferation of breast cancer cells MCF-7 ATCC at the concentration of 72.66 ± 8.21 µg/ml as IC50 value. The HMEL of C. lancifolius also revealed a good spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cultures screened in this work. The activity observed has shown more or less similar effects against screened bacteria. However, the magnitude of potentiality was significantly lesser compared to standard ciprofloxacin disc at p< 0.001 level (99% confidence intervals). Furthermore, the study demonstrating the bioactive compounds can be isolated from the leaves of C. lancifolius.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Moni
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - M F Alam
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - M H Sultan
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - H A Makeen
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy Department, Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Jazan University, Ethnopharmacology Research Unit, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - H A Alhazmi
- Jazan University, Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Mohan
- Jazan University, Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md S Alam
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z Ur Rehman
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Jabeen
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Sanobar
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - M E Elmobark
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Siddiqui
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - T Anwer
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Alshahrani S, Anwer T, Alam MF, Ahmed RA, Khan G, Sivakumar SM, Shoaib A, Alam P, Azam F. Effect of thymoquinone on high fat diet and STZ-induced experimental type 2 diabetes: A mechanistic insight by in vivo and in silico studies. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13807. [PMID: 34152002 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to investigate whether thymoquinone (TQ) attenuates hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance in experimental type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was induced by injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 40 mg/kg) in high fat diet (HFD) rats. The levels of glucose, insulin, area under curve (AUC) of glucose, lipid profile parameters, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), and dipeptidyl peptidase peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) were evaluated in HFD + STZ-induced type 2 diabetic rats. TQ treatment significantly reduced elevated levels of glucose, AUC of glucose, insulin, and DPP-IV in diabetic-treated groups. In addition, TQ treatment significantly reduced high levels of triglycerides (TG) and cholesterols (total, low-density and very low-density lipoprotein) accompanied by significant augmentation in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in diabetic-treated groups. However, TQ treatment significantly improved insulin sensitivity in diabetic-treated groups, which was confirmed by increased level of PPARγ and decreased level of HOMA-IR. Molecular docking of TQ exhibited substantial binding affinity with PPARγ and DPP-IV target proteins, which is supported by in vivo results. These results demonstrate that TQ attenuates hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance by counteracting hyperinsulinemia, improving lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, and inhibiting DPP-IV. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: T2DM results in relentless hyperglycemia which eventually progress to a state of insulin resistance. TQ is an active principle compound found in Nigella sative seed, having myriad of traditional medicinal values. Administration of TQ significantly prevented hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and inhibited DPP-IV in experimental type 2 diabetes. The in vivo results are also supported by molecular docking study of PPARγ and DPP-IV target proteins. Thus, we hypothesize that TQ can be used as an alternative natural drug in the management of hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Alshahrani
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Firoz Alam
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan A Ahmed
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gyas Khan
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ambreen Shoaib
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prawez Alam
- Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmacy College, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faizul Azam
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Pharmacognosy Department, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
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Anwer T, Safhi MM, Makeen HA, Alshahrani S, Siddiqui R, Sivakumar SM, Shaheen ES, Alam MF. Antidiabetic potential of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extract in type 2 diabetic rats, and its mechanism of action. TROP J PHARM RES 2021. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v20i1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To explore the antidiabetic potential of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in type 2 diabetic rats, and the underlying mechanisms.Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 40 mg/kg was given to high fat diet (HFD)- fed rats to induce type 2 diabetes. M. oleifera leaf extract at doses 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg were given to 3 groups of type 2 diabetic rats. The area under curve (AUC) of glucose and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-R) were calculated using appropriate formulas, whereas levels of glucose,insulin, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPARγ, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα) were assayed using ELISA kits.Results: The leaf extract of M. oleifera significantly reduced the levels of glucose, insulin and cytokines in treated type 2 diabetic groups (p < 0.05). DC group had significantly increased AUC for glucose, whereas the extract-treated groups showed significant decrease in glucose AUC. There was significant decrease in insulin sensitivity parameters, as indicated by increase in HOMA-R and decrease in PPARγ levels in the DC group (p < 0.05). However, treatment with the M. oleifera extract reversed this trend via marked decrease in HOMA-R level and significant rise in PPARγ level. In contrast, the extract had no effect on DPP-IV concentration in diabetic treated groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion: These results indicate that M. oleifera leaf extract mitigates hyperglycemia in type 2 DM by modulating hyperinsulinemia, PPARγ and inflammatory cytokines. Thus, the extract is a potential source of drug for the management of type 2 DM.
Keywords: Moringa oleifera, Diabetes mellitus, Streptozotocin, Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ, Dipeptidyl peptidase IV
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Anwer T, Stack-Dunnbier H, Hacker M, Shea M, Esselen K. Trends in germline and somatic BRCA1/2 testing before and after SOLO1. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Khan MF, Anwer T, Bakht A, Verma G, Akhtar W, Alam MM, Rizvi MA, Akhter M, Shaquiquzzaman M. Unveiling novel diphenyl-1H-pyrazole based acrylates tethered to 1,2,3-triazole as promising apoptosis inducing cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:667-678. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Safhi MM, Qumayri HM, Masmali AUM, Siddiqui R, Alam MF, Khan G, Anwer T. Thymoquinone and fluoxetine alleviate depression via attenuating oxidative damage and inflammatory markers in type-2 diabetic rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:150-155. [PMID: 29482373 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1443141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The study was designed to find out the effect of thymoquinone (TQ) alone and combination of TQ + fluoxetine in depression of type-2 diabetic rats. Glucose level was significantly decreased in TQ alone treated group, whereas no significant change was recorded when TQ was combined with fluoxetine. Administration of TQ alone and combination of TQ and fluoxetine significantly decreased immobility time, increased latency to immobility and increased locomotor activity. Treatment with TQ alone significantly decreased level of TBARS, increased GSH and restored the activities of antioxidant enzymes (GPx, GR & CAT). However, TQ and fluoxetine combination reduced TBARS level, increased GSH content but no change in the antioxidant enzymes activities. Inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6 & TNF-α) levels were significantly reduced after the administration of TQ alone and TQ + fluoxetine. The study suggests that combination of TQ and fluoxetine can be used to control depression in type-2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Safhi
- a Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology , College of Pharmacy, Jazan University , Gizan , K.S.A
| | | | | | - Rahimullah Siddiqui
- a Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology , College of Pharmacy, Jazan University , Gizan , K.S.A
| | - Mohammad Firoz Alam
- a Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology , College of Pharmacy, Jazan University , Gizan , K.S.A
| | - Gyas Khan
- a Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology , College of Pharmacy, Jazan University , Gizan , K.S.A
| | - Tarique Anwer
- a Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology , College of Pharmacy, Jazan University , Gizan , K.S.A
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Safhi MM, Alam MF, Sivakumar SM, Anwer T. Hepatoprotective Potential of Sargassum muticum against STZ-Induced Diabetic Liver Damage in Wistar Rats by Inhibiting Cytokines and the Apoptosis Pathway. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2019; 2019:7958701. [PMID: 30937278 PMCID: PMC6415279 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7958701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver inflammation and necrosis are the foremost problems interlinked with diabetes mellitus (DM). The methanolic extract of Sargassum muticum (MESM) plays a hepatoprotective role in streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced hepatic injury. In this study, STZ exposure induced diabetes that augmented hepatic damage, which was reflected in serum enzyme markers, the cytokine network, and caspase-3 and caspase-9 levels in Group 2. Exposure to the MESM tremendously modulated the levels of hepatic enzyme markers ALP, ACP, ALT, and AST in Groups 3 and 4. The cytokine network was well regulated by suppressing the release of cytokines, and the levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were also reduced in Groups 3 and 4. The present study suggests that MESM treatment at 200 and 500 mg protected the liver and also minimizes the glucose level. Thus, the MESM plays a key role in rejuvenating the liver and can modulate diabetes's pathogenic effect by reducing the glucose level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M. Safhi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Firoz Alam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Safhi MM, Anwer T, Khan G, Siddiqui R, Moni Sivakumar S, Alam MF. The combination of canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid ameliorates insulin resistance and cardiac biomarkers via modulation of inflammatory cytokines in type 2 diabetic rats. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 22:493-501. [PMID: 30181696 PMCID: PMC6115352 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2018.22.5.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was carried out with the hypothesis that combination of canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid may have potential effect on insulin level, insulin resistance, cardiac biomarkers, inflammatory cytokines and histological studies in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Type 2 DM was induced by injecting nicotinamide (120 mg/kg, i.p.) 15 min before STZ (60 mg/kg) injection. Canagliflozin (5 and 10 mg/kg) and omega-3 fatty acid (300 mg/kg) were given for 28 days after confirmation of diabetes. Biochemical estimations revealed elevated levels of glucose, insulin, HOMA-R and inflammatory cytokines in diabetic group. Daily dosing of alone canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid slightly reduced elevated levels of glucose, insulin, HOMA-R and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, and TNFα), whereas canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid combination has reduced these biochemical parameters significantly when compared with diabetic group. Similarly in diabetic group the levels of cardiac biomarkers such as lipid profile, LDH, CKMB and troponin were significantly increased. Elevated levels of cardiac biomarkers were significantly reduced after daily dosing of alone canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid. Canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid combination has offered better improvement in cardiac biomarkers compared to alone canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid. Histopathological analysis also supported the above hypothesis that combination therapy (canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid) offered better protection against degenerative changes in β-cells of pancreas as compared to alone treatment with these drugs. Thus the present study revealed that canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid can be used as potential combination therapy in type 2 DM along with cardiac complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Mohsen Safhi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Gizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Gizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gyas Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Gizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahimullah Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Gizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammad Firoz Alam
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Gizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Alam MF, Safhi MM, Anwer T, Siddiqui R, Khan G, Moni SS. Therapeutic potential of Vanillylacetone against CCl 4 induced hepatotoxicity by suppressing the serum marker, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis in Swiss albino mice. Exp Mol Pathol 2018; 105:81-88. [PMID: 29909158 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate the therapeutic potential of Vanillylacetone against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity in mice through understanding the serum marker, oxidative stress mechanism and cytokine networks. Carbon tetrachloride is highly hepatotoxic used as research based on animal model. The mice were classified into five groups and each had eight mice. Group-I was controlled and the vehicle was given orally. Group-II was toxic and carbon tetrachloride (1.5 ml/kg) twice a week for 15 days was administered by intra-peritoneal injections. Group- III and IV were pre-treated with Vanillylacetone 50 & 100 mg kg-1 body weight given every day p.o. while, Group-V received only Vanillylacetone (100 mg kg-1 body weight) for 15 days orally. The finding indicates that the administration of CCl4 causes significant elevation of enzyme markers, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine and apoptotic markers in Group-II as compared to Group-I. The administration of Vanillylacetone (50 and100 mg kg-1) significantly suppresses the elevated serum enzymes, oxidative stress (TBARS), an inflammatory cytokine (IL2 and TNFα) and apoptotic markers (Caspase-3 and 9) in Group-III and IV as compared to Group-II. It was also noticed that the higher dose of Vanillylacetone (100 mg) is more effective than lower dose of Vanillylacetone (50 mg). There were no significant changes observed with higher dose of Vanillylacetone (100 mg kg-1) in Group-V as compared to Group-I. Histopathological analysis also supported the above findings. Overall, this results shows that Vanillylacetone has a good antioxidant and therapeutic properties which can help in preventing the chemically (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Firoz Alam
- Neuroscience and Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed M Safhi
- Neuroscience and Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Neuroscience and Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahimullah Siddiqui
- Neuroscience and Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gyas Khan
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Pharmaceutics Department, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sivakumar Sivagurunathan Moni
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Pharmaceutics Department, Pharmacy College, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
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Akhtar W, Verma G, Khan MF, Shaquiquzzaman M, Rana A, Anwer T, Akhter M, Alam MM. Synthesis of Hybrids of Dihydropyrimidine and Pyridazinone as potential Anti-Breast Cancer Agents. Mini Rev Med Chem 2018; 18:369-379. [PMID: 28486908 DOI: 10.2174/1389557517666170220153456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different 3-aroylpropionic acids and dihydropyrimidine hydrazine derivatives were condensed together to yield a series of dihydropyrimidine and pyridazinone hybrids (5a-u). OBJECTIVE This was done in order to develop therapeutic agents for the treatment of breast cancer with improved Cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) selectivity. In-vitro anticancer evaluation for these compounds was done against human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) and normal human keratinocytes (HaCaT). CONCLUSION Amongst all the developed analogs, compound 5l emerged as the most potent agent against both these cell lines with IC50 values of 3.43 and 2.56 µM respectively. The synthesized compounds were also evaluated for COX-2 selectivity. To observe the binding pattern of the compounds with COX-2, a docking study was performed using PDB ID: 1CX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Akhtar
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Garima Verma
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohemmed Faraz Khan
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Shaquiquzzaman
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Arpana Rana
- Advanced Institute of Pharmacy, Palwal, Haryana 121105. India
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - M Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062. India
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Anwer T, Sharma M, Khan G, Alam MF, Alam N, Ali MS, Alam MS. Preventive role of Withania somnifera on hyperlipidemia and cardiac oxidative stress in streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats. TROP J PHARM RES 2017. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v16i1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Ali D, Alam N, Yasmin F, Ali S, Anwer T, Alam S, Ahmad S. Comparative Study Between Two Treatment Regimens of Cisplatin-5-Fluorouracil and Gemcitabine-Cisplatin in Gallbladder Cancer Patients. Iran J Pharm Res 2017; 16:798-804. [PMID: 28979334 PMCID: PMC5603890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The research study was designed to compare the safety and efficacy of the regimen of 5-flurouracil with cisplatin of investigational armwith the reference regimen of gemcitabine with cisplatin for the treatment of gallbladder cancer.Atotal of 60 patients were enrolled in the study.Out of 30 patients enrolledinarm-A (Gemcitabine withCisplatin) and 30 patients enrolledin arm-B (5-Flurouracilwith Cisplatin) for safety assessment. For the efficacy evaluation total of 16 patients enrolled which is equally divided in both arm.Total 150 cycles of chemotherapy were given to each arm of patients. Both armswere well balanced with respect to age, stage of disease and measurability.The overall response rate (ORR) was 62.5% in arm-A compared to 50% in arm-B (p = 0.34). Whereas 95% confidence interval (CI) for the efficacy was found 46.25-8.74%vs32.67-67.32% between arm-A and arm-B.The most prevalent toxicities were found anemia (p < 0.05), neutropenia (p < 0.05) leucopenia (p<0.05) and thrombocytopenia (p < 0.05) and it occurred at a higher rate in arm-B than in arm-A of various grades.There was no statistically significant efficacy & toxicity for gemcitabine and cisplatin with 5-flurouracil and cisplatin however there was an overall more benefit in arm-A patients than arm-B patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daud Ali
- Departmentof Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hajipur, India.,Collegeof Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA.
| | - Nawazish Alam
- Collegeof Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA.,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Farhat Yasmin
- Bottomup Technologies, Mahagma, Godda, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Sajid Ali
- Collegeof Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA.
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Safhi MM, Alam MF, Khuwaja G, Islam F, Hussain S, Fageeh MM, Anwer T, Islam F. REPEATED EXPOSURE OF SODIUM TELLURITE ON THE RAT LIVER AND ON THE POTENTIAL MECHANISMS OF THE METALLOID-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY. Acta Pol Pharm 2017; 74:103-109. [PMID: 29474766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tellurium (Te) is a semiconductor and is frequently doped with copper, tin, gold or silver. It is also used to color glass and ceramics and is one of the primary ingredients in blasting caps. Te is little known about its biological activity but it is well known for toxic to human and animals. It has inhibited the lipids profiles and oxidative stress in the brain of the mice. Sodium tellurite 4.15, 8.3 and 16.6 mg/kg (1/20, 1/10 and 1/5 of LD₅₀, respectively) was given to male Wistar rats orally in saline for a period of 15 days. On day 16, the blood was collected and the livers were dissected out for biochemical assays. The hepatotoxicity biomarkers [biliru- bin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)] were ele- vated significantly and dose dependently in the serum of Te treated groups as compared to control group. The content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in Te treated groups was increased significantly and dose- dependently as compared to control group. Conversely, the content of glutathione and activities of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) were decreased significantly in Te treated groups as compared to control group. No data of effect of inorganic Te compounds on the liver toxicity of rats are available. The aim of the present study was to evalu- ate the hepatotoxicity of inorganic Te compounds. In conclusion, Te accelerated hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in liver tissue of rats.
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Safhi MM, Alam MF, Khuwaja G, Islam F, Hussain S, Fageeh MM, Anwer T, Islam F. REPEATED EXPOSURE OF SODIUM TELLURITE ON THE RAT LIVER AND ON THE POTENTIAL MECHANISMS OF THE METALLOID-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY. Acta Pol Pharm 2016; 73:675-682. [PMID: 27476286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tellurium (Te) is a semiconductor and is frequently doped with copper, tin, gold or silver. It is also used to color glass and ceramics and is one of the primary ingredients in blasting caps. Little is known about Te biological activity but it is well known for toxicity to human and animals. It has inhibited the lipids profiles and oxidative stress in the brain of mice. Sodium tellurite 4.15, 8.3 and 16.6 mg/kg (1/20, 1/10 and 1/5 of LD50, respectively) was given to male Wistar rats orally in saline for a period of 15 days. On day 16, the blood was collected and the livers were dissected out for biochemical assays. The hepatotoxicity biomarkers [bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)] were elevated significantly and dose dependently in the serum of Te treated groups as compared to control group. The content of thiobarbituric reactive substances in Te treated groups was increased significantly and dose-dependently as compared to control group. Conversely, the content of glutathione and activities of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) were decreased significantly in Te treated groups as compared to control group. No data of inorganic Te compounds on the liver toxicity of rats are available. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hepatotoxicity of inorganic Te compound. In conclusion, Te accelerated hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in liver tissue of rats.
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Iqbal M, Shakeel F, Anwer T. Simple and Sensitive UPLC-MS/MS Method for High-Throughput Analysis of Ibrutinib in Rat Plasma: Optimization by Box-Behnken Experimental Design. J AOAC Int 2016; 99:content-jaoacint_150222. [PMID: 27075138 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.15-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ibrutinib was the first Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor that was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. The aim of this study was to develop a UPLC-tandem MS method for the high-throughput analysis of ibrutinib in rat plasma samples. A chromatographic condition was optimized by the implementation of the Box-Behnken experimental design. Both ibrutinib and internal standard (vilazodone; IS) were separated within 2 min using the mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in 10 mM ammonium acetate in a ratio of 80+20, eluted at a flow rate of 0.250 mL/min. A simple protein precipitation method was used for the sample cleanup procedure. The detection was performed in electrospray ionization (ESI) positive mode using multiple reaction monitoring by ion transitions of m/z 441.16 > 84.02 for ibrutinib and m/z 442.17 > 155.02 for IS, respectively. All calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.35 to 400 ng/mL (r2 ≥ 0.997) with a lower LOQ of 0.35 ng/mL only. All validation parameter results were within the acceptance criteria as per international regulatory guidelines. The developed assay was successfully applied in the pharmacokinetic study of a novel ibrutinib self-nanoemulsifying drug-delivery system formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzaffar Iqbal
- King Saud University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- King Saud University, Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research (CEBR), P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi’Arabia
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Jazan University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Sultan A, Anwer T, Ahmad S, Mohammad F. Preparation, characterization, and dynamic adsorption-desorption studies on polypyrrole encapsulated TiO2nanoparticles. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adil Sultan
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Sharique Ahmad
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Faiz Mohammad
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh 202002 India
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Sultan A, Ahmad S, Anwer T, Mohammad F. Binary doped polypyrrole and polypyrrole/boron nitride nanocomposites: preparation, characterization and application in detection of liquefied petroleum gas leaks. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21173e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We report an electrical conductivity based rapid response liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) sensor using binary doped polypyrrole and polypyrrole/boron nitride (PPy/BN) nanocomposites as the conductive material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Sultan
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh-202002
- India
| | - Sharique Ahmad
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh-202002
- India
| | - Tarique Anwer
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh-202002
- India
| | - Faiz Mohammad
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh-202002
- India
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Hasan Z, Salahuddin N, Rao N, Aqeel M, Mahmood F, Ali F, Ashraf M, Rahman F, Mahmood S, Islam M, Dildar B, Anwer T, Oiighor F, Sharif N, Ullah AR. Change in serum CXCL10 levels during anti-tuberculosis treatment depends on vitamin D status [Short Communication]. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2014; 18:466-9. [PMID: 24670704 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum levels of the inflammatory C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) are raised in tuberculosis (TB). CXCL10 gene expression is downregulated in monocytes by metabolically active vitamin D3 (1,25dihydroxy vitamin D). Stratification of patients by serum 25hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels at baseline showed that treatment-induced decrease in CXCL10 occurred in those with 'insufficient' and 'deficient' but not in those with 'optimal' levels. In the deficient group, 25(OH)D showed an inverse correlation with CXCL10 levels. CXCL10 may thus be a useful biomarker for the follow-up of response to treatment. However, CXCL10 levels should be interpreted taking into account the baseline serum vitamin D levels of the TB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Hasan
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N Salahuddin
- Department of Medicine, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N Rao
- Ojha Institute for Chest Diseases, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Aqeel
- Department of Medicine, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - F Mahmood
- Department of Medicine, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, pakistan
| | - F Ali
- Department of Medicine, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Ashraf
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - F Rahman
- Department of Medicine, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Mahmood
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Islam
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - B Dildar
- Department of Medicine, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - T Anwer
- Ojha Institute for Chest Diseases, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - F Oiighor
- Department of Medicine, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, pakistan
| | - N Sharif
- Department of Medicine, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A R Ullah
- Department of Medicine, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Khan G, Haque SE, Anwer T, Ahsan MN, Safhi MM, Alam MF. Cardioprotective effect of green tea extract on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Acta Pol Pharm 2014; 71:861-868. [PMID: 25362815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The in vivo antioxidant properties of green tea extract (GTE) were investigated against doxorubicin (DOX) induced cardiotoxicity in rats. In this experiment, 48 Wistar albino rats (200-250 g) were divided into eight groups (n = 6). Control group received normal saline for 30 days. Cardiotoxicity was induced by DOX (20 mg/kg ip.), once on 29th day of study and were treated with GTE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) for 30 days. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipid peroxidation (LPO), cytochrome P450 (CYP), blood glutathione, tissue glutathione, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were evaluated along with histopathological studies. DOX treated rats showed a significant increased levels of AST, CK, LDH, LPO and CYP, which were restored by oral administration of GTE at doses 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg for 30 days. Moreover, GTE administration significantly increased the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione s-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), in heart, which were reduced by DOX treatment. In this study, we have found that oral administration of GTE prevented DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by accelerating heart antioxidant defense mechanisms and down regulating the LPO levels to the normal levels.
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Ansari MO, Ansari SP, Yadav SK, Anwer T, Cho MH, Mohammad F. Ammonia vapor sensing and electrical properties of fibrous multi-walled carbon nanotube/polyaniline nanocomposites prepared in presence of cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide. J IND ENG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Iqbal M, Ezzeldin E, Al-Rashood KA, Al-Khamees KI, Khan RMA, Raish M, Anwer T. Simple and rapid determination of zafirlukast in plasma by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric method: application into pharmacokinetic study in rabbits. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2013; 64:412-9. [PMID: 24258705 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1358748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Zafirlukast is a selective leukotriene receptor antagonist used for the prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma. The aim of the present study was to develop a simple sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy method for rapid determination of zafirlukast in plasma. After a simple one step protein precipitation by acetonitrile, zafirlukast and montelukast (IS) were separated on Acquity UPLC BEH(TM) C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, i.d. 1.7 µm, Waters, USA) using a mobile phase of acetonitrile:water containing 10 mM acetic acid (80:20, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Zafirlukast and IS were eluted at 0.51 and 1.1 min, respectively with a total run time of only 1.5 min. The mass spectrometric determination was carried out using an electrospray interface operated in the negative mode with multiple reactions monitoring mode. The precursor to product ion transitions of m/z 574.11>462.07 and m/z 584.2>472.1 were used to quantify zafirlukast and IS, respectively. The method was linear in the concentration range of 0.17-600 ng/mL with coefficients of determination greater than 0.996 and lower limit of quantitation of 0.17 ng/mL. Intra-day and inter-day accuracies were 88.3-113.9% and the precisions were ≤ 12.6%. Zafirlukast was found to stable under various storage and sample processing conditions as per guidelines of bio-analytical method validation. The method developed herein is simple and rapid, and was successfully applied for the pharmacokinetic study in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iqbal
- Bioavailability Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - E Ezzeldin
- Bioavailability Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - K A Al-Rashood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - K I Al-Khamees
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - R M A Khan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - M Raish
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - T Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA
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Ali MS, Alam MS, Alam N, Anwer T, Safhi MMA. Accelerated Stability Testing of a Clobetasol Propionate-Loaded Nanoemulsion as per ICH Guidelines. Sci Pharm 2013; 81:1089-100. [PMID: 24482775 PMCID: PMC3867242 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1210-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The physical and chemical degradation of drugs may result in altered therapeutic efficacy and even toxic effects. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the stability of clobetasol propionate (CP) in a nanoemulsion. The nanoemulsion formulation containing CP was prepared by the spontaneous emulsification method. For the formulation of the nanoemulsion, Safsol, Tween 20, ethanol, and distilled water were used. The drug was incorporated into an oil phase in 0.05% w/v. The lipophilic nature of the drug led to the O/W nanoemulsion formulation. This was characterized by droplet size, pH, viscosity, conductivity, and refractive index. Stability studies were performed as per ICH guidelines for a period of three months. The shelf life of the nanoemulsion formulation was also determined after performing accelerated stability testing (40°C ± 2°C and 75% ± 5% RH). We also performed an intermediate stability study (30°C ± 2°C/65% RH ± 5% RH). It was found that the droplet size, conductivity, and refractive index were slightly increased, while the viscosity and pH slightly decreased at all storage conditions during the 3-month period. However, the changes in these parameters were not statistically significant (p≥0.05). The degradation (%) of the optimized nanoemulsion of CP was determined and the shelf life was found to be 2.18 years at room temperature. These studies confirmed that the physical and chemical stability of CP were enhanced in the nanoemulsion formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sajid Ali
- College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-62, India
| | - Mohammad Sarfaraz Alam
- College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-62, India
| | - Nawazish Alam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-62, India
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Anwer T, Ansari MO, Mohammad F. Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid micelles assisted in situ preparation and enhanced thermoelectric performance of semiconducting polyaniline–zirconium oxide nanocomposites. J IND ENG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Anwer T, Sharma M, Khan G, Iqbal M, Ali MS, Alam MS, Safhi MM, Gupta N. Rhus coriaria ameliorates insulin resistance in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) rats. Acta Pol Pharm 2013; 70:861-867. [PMID: 24147364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the effect of methanolic extract of Rhus coriaria (RC) on hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance and insulin sensitivity in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) rats. NIDDM was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 100 mg/kg) to 2 days old rat pups. RC (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) was administered orally once a day for 5 weeks after the animals were confirmed diabetic (i.e, 90 days after STZ injection). A group of citrate control rats were also maintained which has received citrate buffer on the 2nd day of their birth. There was a significant increase in blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum insulin levels were observed in NIDDM control rats. Treatment with RC reduced the elevated levels of blood glucose, HbA1c and insulin in the NIDDM rats. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was also performed in the same groups, in which we found a significant improvement in glucose tolerance in the rats treated with RC. The insulin sensitivity was assessed for both peripheral insulin resistance and hepatic insulin resistance. RC treatment significantly improved insulin sensitivity index (K(ITT)) which was significantly decreased in NIDDM control rats. There was significant rise in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-R) in NIDDM control rats whereas RC treatment significantly prevented the rise in HOMA-R in NIDDM treated rats. Our data suggest that methanolic extract of RC significantly delayed the onset of hyperinsulinemia and glucose intolerance and improved insulin sensitivity in NIDDM rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, (Hamdard Nagar), New Delhi-110 062, India.
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Anwer T, Sharma M, Pillai KK, Khan G. Protective effect of Withania somnifera against oxidative stress and pancreatic beta-cell damage in type 2 diabetic rats. Acta Pol Pharm 2012; 69:1095-1101. [PMID: 23285670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Withania somnifera (WS) on lipid peroxidation (LPO), activities of both non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants and histopathological examination of pancreas in type 2 diabetic rats. Type 2 diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (100 mg/kg) to 2 days old rat pups. Oxidative stress was measured by tissue LPO levels, reduced glutathione (GSH) contents and by enzymatic activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Administration of WS to type 2 diabetic rats caused a significant decrease in blood glucose and tissue LPO levels with significant increase in GSH contents when compared with the type 2 diabetic control rats. In addition, WS treated rats also showed a significant increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes namely GPx, GR, GST, SOD and CAT when compared with type 2 diabetic control rats. Significant reduction in the number and size of pancreatic beta-cells were preserved to near normal morphology by the administration of WS in type 2 diabetic rats as evident from histopathological examination. The results obtained clearly indicate that WS has shown strong free radical scavenging activity and helped in improving the non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants in type 2 diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India.
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Azam F, Barodia SK, Anwer T, Alam MM. Neuroprotective effect of naphtha[1,2-d]thiazol-2-amine in an animal model of Parkinson's disease. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2010; 24:808-17. [PMID: 18846462 DOI: 10.1080/14756360802399183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of dopaminergic neurodegeneration leading to the development of Parkinson's disease. In this study, we investigated whether naphtha[1,2-d]thiazol-2-amine (NTA) may ameliorate haloperidol-induced catalepsy and oxidative damage in mice brain. Haloperidol-induced catalepsy was measured with the standard bar test. The extent of oxidative stress has been evaluated by measuring levels of MDA, GSH and activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GSH-Px) from brain homogenate. Haloperidol treatment significantly induced the catalepsy as observed from increased descent time measured in the bar test. Pretreatment with NTA significantly reduced the catalepsy induced by haloperidol in a dose-dependent manner. The elevated level of MDA in haloperidol-treated mice was significantly decreased by NTA pretreatment. The decreased level of GSH as well as SOD and GSH-Px activities in haloperidol-treated mice were significantly increased by NTA pretreatment. NTA reduces the oxidative stress allowing recovery of detoxifying enzyme activities and controlling free radical production, suggesting a potential role of the drug as an alternative/adjuvant drug in preventing and treating the neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizul Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Seventh of October University, PO Box 2873Misurata, Libya.
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Sharma M, Pillai K, Anwer T, Najmi AK, Haque SE, Sultana Y. Protective effect of silymarin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic dyslipidaemia in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3742/opem.2010.10.3.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sharma M, Anwer T, Pillai KK, Haque SE, Najmi AK, Sultana Y. Silymarin, a flavonoid antioxidant, protects streptozotocin-induced lipid peroxidation and β-Cell damage in rat pancreas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3742/opem.2008.8.2.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Anwer T, Sharma M, Pillai KK, Iqbal M. Effect of Withania somnifera on Insulin Sensitivity in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2008; 102:498-503. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2008.00223.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Iqbal M, Dubey K, Anwer T, Ashish A, Pillai KK. Protective effects of telmisartan against acute doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2008; 60:382-390. [PMID: 18622063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2007] [Revised: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic usefulness of doxorubicin (DXR), an anthracycline antibiotic, is limited by its cardiotoxicity. The present study investigated the effects of telmisartan, an angiotensin II receptor (AT1) antagonist against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats using biochemical and histopathological approaches. Doxorubicin (20 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally (ip) as a single dose and telmisartan (10 mg/kg) was administered orally for 7 days. Rats treated with DXR showed cardiotoxicity as evidenced by elevation of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) level, catalase activity and a decrease in the level of glutathione (GSH). Pre- and post-treatment with telmisartan elicited a significant decrease in the activities of LDH and catalase in comparison with DXR-treated group. Furthermore, pretreatment with telmisartan also decreased lipid peroxidation (MDA level) and increased the GSH content in comparison with DXR group. However, the difference in lipid peroxidation and GSH content were not statistically significant in post-treated group. Histopathological studies showed disruption of cardiac tisuues in DXR groups. Pre- and post-treatment with telmisartan reduced the damage of cardiac tissue in rats. These results suggest that telmisartan treatment provides a significant protective effect against acute-doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzaffar Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, (Hamdard University), New Delhi-110 062, India.
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Anwer T, Sharma M, Pillai KK, Haque SE, Alam MM, Zaman MS. Protective effect of bezafibrate on streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress and toxicity in rats. Toxicology 2007; 229:165-72. [PMID: 17145126 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2006.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2006] [Revised: 10/13/2006] [Accepted: 10/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to find out the protective effect of bezafibrate on lipid peroxidation (LPO), activities of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and histopathological examination of pancreas in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single dose of STZ (60mg/kg, i.p.) injection. The oxidative stress was measured by tissue LPO level, reduced glutathione (GSH) content and by enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) in liver and pancreas. Biochemical observations were further substantiated with histological examination of pancreas. The increase in blood glucose, LPO level with reduction in GSH content and decreased enzymatic activities were the salient features observed in diabetic control rats. Administration of bezafibrate (30mg/kg day, p.o.) for 15 days caused a significant reduction in blood glucose and LPO level in STZ treated rats (group III) when compared with diabetic control rats (group II). Furthermore, bezafibrate treated diabetic rats (group III) showed significant increase in the activities of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants when compared to diabetic control rats (group II). Degenerative changes of pancreatic beta-cells in STZ treated rats were minimized to near normal morphology by administration of bezafibrate as evident by histopathological examination. The results obtained clearly indicate the role of oxidative stress in the induction of diabetes and suggest a protective effect of bezafibrate in this animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarique Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
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