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Haroon M, Akhtar T, Mehmood H, da Silva Santos AC, da Conceição JM, Brondani GL, Silva Tibúrcio RD, Galindo Bedor DC, Viturino da Silva JW, Sales Junior PA, Alves Pereira VR, Lima Leite AC. Synthesis of hydrazinyl-thiazole ester derivatives, in vitro trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activities. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:221-238. [PMID: 38269432 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To synthesize novel more potent trypanocidal and leishmanicidal agents. Methods: Hantzsch's synthetic strategy was used to synthesize 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylates and their N-benzylated derivatives. Results: 28 new thiazole-carboxylates and their N-benzylated derivatives were established to test their trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activities. From both series, compounds 3b, 4f, 4g, 4j and 4n exhibited a better or comparable trypanocidal profile to benznidazole. Among all tested compounds, 4n was found to be the most potent and was better than benznidazole. Conclusion: Further variation of substituents around 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylates and or hydrazinyl moiety may assist in establishing better and more potent trypanocidal and leishmanicidal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haroon
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High Street, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), 10250-Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), 10250-Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | | | - Juliana M da Conceição
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Graziella Leite Brondani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Robert da Silva Tibúrcio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Danilo C Galindo Bedor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - José W Viturino da Silva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana C Lima Leite
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
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Haroon M, Akhtar T, Shaikh QUA, Mehmood H, Khalid M, Asghar MA, Alshehri SM, Ojha SC. Facile Synthesis and DFT Analysis of Novel Thiazole-Based Hydrazones: An Experimental and Theoretical Perspective. ACS Omega 2023; 8:27488-27499. [PMID: 37546612 PMCID: PMC10398866 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrazone compounds with remarkable nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were found with vast applications due to their cost-effective synthesis and greater stability. Therefore, we synthesized hydrazone scaffolds (TCAH1-TCAH8) by condensation reaction, and their structural confirmation was accomplished with spectroscopic methods (1H-, 13C-NMR, and HRMS). Quantum chemical calculations were also performed at B3PW91/6-311G(d,p) functional of DFT to explore electronic, structural, and chemical properties. To understand the NLO responses of afore-said chromophores, various kinds of analyses such as natural bonding orbitals (NBOs), frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), UV-vis analysis, and density of states (DOS) were performed. Findings showed that the HOMO-LUMO energy gap in TCAH8 (3.595 eV) was found to be lower than the TCAH1-TCAH7 (4.123-3.932 eV) with a large red shift which leads to a substantial NLO response. Furthermore, strong intramolecular interactions showed the highest stabilization energy (24.1 kcal mol-1) for TCAH8 in the NBO transitions, combined with the least binding energy. The significant NLO response of TCAH4 was explored with ⟨α⟩, βtot, and ⟨γ⟩ values as 5.157 × 10-23, and 2.185 × 10-29, and 2.753 × 10-34 esu, respectively, among the entitled compounds. The recent findings may inspire scientists to develop extremely effective NLO materials for forthcoming hi-tech applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haroon
- Department
of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science
and Technology (MUST), 10250 Mirpur, AJ&K, Pakistan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E. High Street, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department
of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science
and Technology (MUST), 10250 Mirpur, AJ&K, Pakistan
| | - Qurat-ul-ain Shaikh
- Institute
of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur 66111, Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Mehmood
- Department
of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science
and Technology (MUST), 10250 Mirpur, AJ&K, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Institute
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Centre
for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Asghar
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 89002, Pakistan
| | - Saad M. Alshehri
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suvash Chandra Ojha
- Department
of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital
of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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Mehmood H, Akhtar T, Haroon M, Shah M, Rashid U, Woodward S. Synthesis of hydrazinylthiazole carboxylates: a mechanistic approach for treatment of diabetes and its complications. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:1149-1165. [PMID: 37551660 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The deaths of thousands of people and millions affected by diabetes mellitus triggered us to look for alternative possible solutions to cure diabetes and its complications. Materials & methods: A series of hydrazinylthiazole carboxylates (3a-n) was prepared by cyclocondensation reaction of thiosemicarbazones with ethyl 2-chloroacetoacetate. These compounds were screened for antidiabetic potential through α-amylase inhibition, antiglycation and antioxidant assays. Results & conclusion: Most of the compounds exhibited a promising antidiabetic property. Compounds 3e and 3h showed excellent α-amylase and glycation inhibition properties. The hemolytic assay indicated that all compounds are biocompatible. Docking studies carried out on α-amylase target showed correlation between in vitro inhibition and binding energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnain Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), 10250, Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), 10250, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Haroon
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), 10250, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E. High Street, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Muhammad Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Comsat University, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, Comsat University, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Simon Woodward
- GSK, Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University Park Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Iqbal Y, Akhtar T, Haroon M, Mehmood H, Nizami T, Tahir E, Ehsan M. 4-Adamantyl-(2-(arylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazoles as potential antidiabetic agents: experimental and docking studies. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:599-613. [PMID: 37140092 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop an efficient and cost-effective antidiabetic agent. Methods: A simple and convenient Hantzsch synthetic strategy was used to prepare 4-adamantyl-(2-(arylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazoles. Results: Fifteen newly established structures of 4-adamantyl-(2-(arylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazoles were tested for their α-amylase, antiglycation and antioxidant activities. Almost all tested compounds showed excellent α-amylase inhibition. Compounds 3a and 3j exhibited the highest potency, with IC50 values of 16.34 ± 2.67 and 16.64 ± 1.12 μM, respectively. Compounds 3c and 3i exhibited comparable antiglycation potential with the standard, aminoguanidine. The antioxidant potential of compound 3g was found to be excellent, with an IC50 value of 28.19 ± 0.2563 μM. The binding interactions of compound 3a (binding energy = -8.833 kcal/mol) with human pancreatic α-amylase identified 3a as a potent α-amylase inhibitor. Conclusion: Enrichment of established structures with more electron-donating functionalities may assist/lead to the development of more potent antidiabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), 10250-Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), 10250-Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Haroon
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), 10250-Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, Government Major Muhammad Afzal Khan (Shaheed), Boys Degree College Afzalpur (Affiliated with Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), 10250-Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E. High Street, Oxford, Ohio 45056, USA
| | - Hasnain Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), 10250-Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Tauqir Nizami
- Deputy Director ORIC, University of Chakwal, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ehsaan Tahir
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), 10250-Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ehsan
- Bionano-Chemistry Lab, Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 155-88, Korea
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Iqbal H, Akhtar T, Haroon M, Aktaş A, Tahir E, Ehsan M. Synthesis of Thiazole-Chalcone Hybrid Molecules: Antioxidant, Alpha(α)-Amylase Inhibition and Docking Studies. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201134. [PMID: 37052518 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The molecular hybrid approach is very significant to combat various drug-resistant disorders. A simple, convenient, and cost-effective synthesis of thiazole-based chalcones is accomplished, using a molecular hybrid approach, in two steps. The compound 1-(2-phenylthiazol-4-yl)ethanone (3) was used as the main intermediate for the synthesis of 3-(arylidene)-1-(2-phenylthiazol-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-ones (4a-f). Thin layer chromatography was used to testify the formation and purity of all synthesized compounds. Further structural confirmation of all compounds was achieved via different spectroscopic techniques (UV, FT-IR, 1 H- and 13 C-NMR) and elemental analysis. All synthesized compounds were tested for their α-amylase inhibition and antioxidant potential. The cytotoxic property of compounds was also tested with in vitro haemolytic assay. All tested compounds showed moderate to excellent α-amylase inhibition and antioxidant activity. All tested compounds are found safe to use due to their less toxicity when compared to the standard Triton X. The molecular docking simulation study of all synthesized compounds was also conducted to examine the best binding interactions with human pancreatic α-amylase (pdb: 4 W93) using AutodockVina. The molecular docking results authenticated the in vitro amylase inhibition results, i.e., 3-(3-Methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-phenylthiazol-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (4e) exhibited lowest IC50 value 54.09±0.11 μM with a binding energy of -7.898 kcal/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250-, Mirpur (AJK, Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250-, Mirpur (AJK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Haroon
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250-, Mirpur (AJK, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, Government Major Muhammad Afzal Khan (Shaheed), Boys Degree College Afzalpur, Mirpur, Affiliated with Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250-, Mirpur (AJK, Pakistan
| | - Aydın Aktaş
- Inonu University, Vocational School of Health Service, 44280-, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Ehsaan Tahir
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250-, Mirpur (AJK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ehsan
- Bionano-Chemistry Lab, Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 155-88, Korea
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Mehmood H, Akhtar T, Haroon M, Khalid M, Woodward S, Asghar MA, Baby R, Orfali R, Perveen S. Synthesis of Fluorinated Hydrazinylthiazole Derivatives: A Virtual and Experimental Approach to Diabetes Management. ACS Omega 2023; 8:11433-11446. [PMID: 37008089 PMCID: PMC10061536 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of fluorophenyl-based thiazoles was synthesized following the Hanztsch method. All of the compounds were initially verified with physical parameters (color, melting point, retardation factor (R f)), which were further confirmed by several spectroscopic methods, including ultraviolet-visible (UV-visible), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), 1H, 13C, 19F NMR, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The binding interactions of all compounds were studied using a molecular docking simulation approach. Furthermore, each compound was evaluated for its alpha(α)-amylase, antiglycation, and antioxidant potentials. The biocompatibility of all compounds was checked with an in vitro hemolytic assay. All synthesized scaffolds were found biocompatible with minimal lysis of human erythrocytes as compared to the standard Triton X-100. Among the tested compounds, the analogue 3h (IC50 = 5.14 ± 0.03 μM) was found to be a highly potent candidate against α-amylase as compared to the standard (acarbose, IC50 = 5.55 ± 0.06 μM). The compounds 3d, 3f, 3i, and 3k exhibited excellent antiglycation inhibition potential with their IC50 values far less than the standard amino guanidine (IC50 = 0.403 ± 0.001 mg/mL). The antidiabetic potential was further supported by docking studies. Docking studies revealed that all synthesized compounds exhibited various interactions along enzyme active sites (pi-pi, H-bonding, van der Waals) with varied binding energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnain Mehmood
- Department
of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science
and Technology (MUST), Mirpur 10250, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department
of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science
and Technology (MUST), Mirpur 10250, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Haroon
- Department
of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science
and Technology (MUST), Mirpur 10250, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
- Department
of Chemistry, Government Major Muhammad Afzal Khan (Shaheed), Boys
Degree College Afzalpur, Mirpur (Affiliated
with Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST)), Mirpur 10250, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Institute
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Center
for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Simon Woodward
- GSK,
Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University Park Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Muhammad Adnan Asghar
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Baby
- Department
of Education, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur 65200, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Raha Orfali
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Collage of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland 21251, United States
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Haroon M, Akhtar T, Khalid M, Mehmood H, Asghar MA, Baby R, Orfali R, Perveen S. Synthesis, characterization and exploration of photovoltaic behavior of hydrazide based scaffolds: a concise experimental and DFT study. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7237-7249. [PMID: 36891493 PMCID: PMC9986803 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00431g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Solar energy being a non-depleting energy resource, has attracted scientists' attention to develop efficient solar cells to meet energy demands. Herein, a series of hydrazinylthiazole-4-carbohydrazide organic photovoltaic compounds (BDTC1-BDTC7) with an A1-D1-A2-D2 framework was synthesized with 48-62% yields, and their spectroscopic characterization was accomplished using FT-IR, HRMS, 1H and 13C-NMR techniques. Density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent DFT analyses were performed utilizing the M06/6-31G(d,p) functional to calculate the photovoltaic and optoelectronic properties of BDTC1-BDTC7via numerous simulations of the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), transition density matrix (TDM), open circuit voltage (V oc) and density of states (DOS). Moreover, the conducted analysis on the FMOs revealed efficient transference of charge from the highest occupied to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO → LUMO), further supported by TDM and DOS analyses. Furthermore, the values of binding energy (E b = 0.295 to 1.150 eV), as well as reorganization energy of the holes (-0.038-0.025 eV) and electrons (-0.023-0.00 eV), were found to be smaller for all the studied compounds, which suggests a higher exciton dissociation rate with greater hole mobility in BDTC1-BDTC7. V oc analysis was accomplished with respect to HOMOPBDB-T-LUMOACCEPTOR. Among all the synthesized molecules, BDTC7 was found to have a reduced band gap (3.583 eV), with a bathochromic shift and absorption maximum at 448.990 nm, and a promising V oc (1.97 V), thus it is regarded as a potential candidate for high performance photovoltaic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haroon
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur AJK Pakistan .,Department of Chemistry, Government Major Muhammad Afzal Khan (Shaheed), Boys Degree College Afzalpur, Mirpur (Affiliated with Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST)) 10250-Mirpur AJK Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur AJK Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan .,Center for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur AJK Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Asghar
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore Pakistan
| | - Rabia Baby
- Department of Education, Sukkur IBA University 65200 Pakistan
| | - Raha Orfali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Collage of Pharmacy, King Saud University PO Box 2457 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University Baltimore MD 21251 USA
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Haroon M, Akhtar T, Khalid M, Zahra SS, Haq IU, Assiri MA, Imran M, Braga AA. Synthesized thiazole-based hydrazides and their spectral characterization along with biological studies: Promising quantum chemical insights. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Mehmood H, Musa M, Woodward S, Hossan MS, Bradshaw TD, Haroon M, Nortcliffe A, Akhtar T. Design, and synthesis of selectively anticancer 4-cyanophenyl substituted thiazol-2-ylhydrazones. RSC Adv 2022; 12:34126-34141. [PMID: 36540407 PMCID: PMC9704493 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03226k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclization of substituted thiosemicarbazones with α-bromo-4-cyanoacetophenone allows rapid single-step sustainable syntheses of 4-cyanophenyl-2-hydrazinylthiazoles libraries (30 examples, 66-79%). All show anticancer efficacy against HCT-116 and MCF-7 carcinoma cell lines with the majority being more active than cisplatin positive controls. The compounds 2-(2-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylidene)hydrazinyl)-4-(4-cyanophenyl)thiazole (3f) and 2-(2-((pentafluorophenyl)methylene)-hydrazinyl)-4-(4-cyanophenyl)thiazole (3a') show optimal GI50 values (1.0 ± 0.1 μM and 1.7 ± 0.3 μM) against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Against colorectal carcinoma HCT-116 cells, (2-(2-(3-bromothiophen-2-yl)methylene)hydrazinyl)-4-(4-cyanophenyl)thiazole (3b'), 2-(2-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylidene)hydrazinyl)-4-(4-cyanophenyl)thiazole (3f), 2-(2-(2,6-dichlorobenzylidene)hydrazinyl)-4-(4-cyanophenyl)thiazole (3n) and 2-(2-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethylidene)hydrazinyl)-4-(4-cyanophenyl)thiazole (3w) are the most active (GI50 values: 1.6 ± 0.2, 1.6 ± 0.1, 1.1 ± 0.5 and 1.5 ± 0.8 μM respectively). Control studies with MRC-5 cells indicate appreciable selectivity towards the cancer cells targeted. Significant (p < 0.005) growth inhibition and cytotoxicity effects for the thiazoles 3 were corroborated by cell count and clonogenic assays using the same cancer cell lines at 5 and 10 μM agent concentrations. Cell cycle, caspase activation and Western blot assays demonstrated that compounds 3b' and 3f induce cancer cell death via caspase-dependent apoptosis. The combination of straight forward synthesis and high activity makes the thiazoles 3 an interesting lead for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnain Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur (AJK) Pakistan
| | - Mustapha Musa
- GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
| | - Simon Woodward
- GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
| | - Md Shahadat Hossan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Tracey D Bradshaw
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Muhammad Haroon
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur (AJK) Pakistan
| | - Andrew Nortcliffe
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur (AJK) Pakistan
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Haroon M, Mehmood H, Akhtar T, Tahir E, Ehsan M, Woodward S, Musa M. Synthesis of Arylidenehydrazinyl-4-methoxyphenylthiazole Derivatives: Docking Studies, Probing Type II Diabetes Complication Management Agents. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200824. [PMID: 36193667 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Thiazole has been a key scaffold in antidiabetic drugs. In quest of new and more effective drugs a simple, efficient, high yielding (67-79%) and convenient synthesis of arylidenehydrazinyl-4-methoxyphenyl)thiazoles is accomplished over two steps. The synthesis involved the condensation of aryl substituted thiosemicarbazones and 2-bromo-4-methoxyacetophenone in absolute ethanol. The structures of the resulting thiazoles are in accord with their UV-Vis, FT-IR, 1 H-, 13 C-NMR and HRMS data. All compounds were evaluated for alpha(α)-amylase inhibition potential, antiglycation, antioxidant abilities and biocompatibility. The compounds library identified 2-(2-(3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)hydrazinyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiazole as a lead molecule against α-amylase inhibition with an IC 50 of 5.75±0.02 µM. α-Amylase inhibition is also supported by molecular docking studies against amylase. All the obtained thiazoles also showed promising antiglycation activity with 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-(2-(trifluoromethyl)benzylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazole exhibiting the best inhibition (IC 50 = 0.383±0.001 mg/mL) compared to control. The tested compounds are also biocompatible at the concentration used i.e. 10 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haroon
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Road, 10250, Mirpur, PAKISTAN
| | - Hasnain Mehmood
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Allama iqbal, Mirpur, PAKISTAN
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Allama iqbal, Mirpur, PAKISTAN
| | - Ehsaan Tahir
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Allama iqbal, Mirpur, PAKISTAN
| | - Muhammad Ehsan
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Allama iqbal, Mirpur, PAKISTAN
| | - Simon Woodward
- University of Nottingham, Chemistry, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Mustapha Musa
- University of Nottingham, Chemistry, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UNITED KINGDOM
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Aslam S, Haroon M, Akhtar T, Arshad M, Khalid M, Shafiq Z, Imran M, Ullah A. Synthesis, Characterization, and DFT-Based Electronic and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Methyl 1-(arylsulfonyl)-2-aryl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-6-carboxylates. ACS Omega 2022; 7:31036-31046. [PMID: 36092624 PMCID: PMC9453983 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a series of N-1-sulfonyl substituted derivatives of 2-substituted benzimidazoles (2a-2e) were designed and synthesized via structural tailoring of the acceptor part of donor-π-acceptor schemes, and their nonlinear optic (NLO) characteristics were reported. The structures of 2a-2e were investigated and their characterization was accomplished by employing spectroscopic procedures, i.e., UV-vis, FT-IR, and 1H and 13C NMR. Further, a density functional theory (DFT) approach was used to calculate UV-vis, vibrational, and 1H and 13C NMR techniques; frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs); global reactivity parameters (GRPs); natural bond orbitals (NBOs); optical and vibrational analysis; and nonlinear optics (NLO). The most promising results were obtained for 6-nitro-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-(4-nitrophenylsulfonyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole among entitled compounds, as it exhibited the highest ⟨α⟩ and βtot values, showing it is an eye-catching NLO material. This DFT study evokes the interest of researchers regarding the development of benzimidazole-based tempting NLO compounds that could be beneficial in modern hi-tech applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumaila Aslam
- Department
of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science
and Technology (MUST), 10250 Mirpur, Azad Jammu and
Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Haroon
- Department
of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science
and Technology (MUST), 10250 Mirpur, Azad Jammu and
Kashmir, Pakistan
- Department
of Chemistry, Government Major Muhammad
Afzal Khan (Shaheed), Boys Degree College Afzalpur, Mirpur (Affiliated
with Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST)), 10250 Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department
of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science
and Technology (MUST), 10250 Mirpur, Azad Jammu and
Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Institute
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Centre
for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Shafiq
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya
University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid
University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aman Ullah
- Department
of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural,
Life and Environmental Sciences, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada
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12
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Iqbal Y, Haroon M, Akhtar T, Ashfaq M, Tahir MN, Rasheed L, Yousuf M, Zia MA. Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, Single Crystal XRD, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis and Theoretical Studies (DFT) of 4-Adamantyl-(2-(substitutedbenzylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazoles. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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13
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Haroon M, Akhtar T, Yousuf M, Tahir MN, Rasheed L, Zahra SS, Haq IU, Ashfaq M. Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface investigation and comparative DFT studies of ethyl 2-[2-(2-nitrobenzylidene)hydrazinyl]thiazole-4-carboxylate. BMC Chem 2022; 16:18. [PMID: 35317817 PMCID: PMC8941777 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-022-00805-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ethyl 2-[2-(2-nitrobenzylidene)hydrazinyl]thiazole-4-carboxylate (1), a thiazole ester, was synthesized by refluxing 1-(2-nitrobenzylidene)thiosemicarbazide and ethyl bromopyruvate. The compound is characterized by spectrometric, spectroscopic and single crystal (SC-XRD) techniques. Non-covalent interactions that are responsible for crystal packing are explored by Hirshfeld surface analysis. All theoretical calculations were performed by DFT quantum chemical methods using 6-311G(d,p) and cc-pVTZ basis sets and compared. Theoretical harmonic frequencies of ethyl 2-[2-(2-nitrobenzylidene)hydrazinyl]thiazole-4-carboxylate (1) were optimized. Confirmation of hydrogen bonding sites was analyzed by molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and Mulliken population analysis. The vibrational frequencies of characteristic functional groups and chemical shifts were found in good agreement with experimental assignments. Frontier molecular orbital (FMO) revealed relatively small HOMO–LUMO (highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) gape, which speaks off the nearly planar geometry and extended conjugation, as compared to the substituents with no conjugation possible. It has also been observed that –NO2 substituent plays a vital role for this relatively small HOMO–LUMO gape and overall electronic properties when compared with similar thiazole carboxylates (2–6, Table 6). Ethyl 2-[2-(2-nitrobenzylidene)hydrazinyl]thiazole-4-carboxylate (1) was also evaluated for its anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haroon
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250-Mirpur, (AJK), Pakistan.,Department of Chemistry, Government Major Muhammad Afzal Khan (Shaheed), Boys Degree College Afzalpur, Mirpur, (Affiliated with Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250-Mirpur, (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250-Mirpur, (AJK), Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Yousuf
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea.
| | | | - Lubna Rasheed
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Township, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Saniya Zahra
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan.,Department of Physics, University of Mianwali, Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan
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14
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Mehmood H, Haroon M, Akhtar T, Woodward S, Andleeb H. Synthesis and molecular docking studies of 5-acetyl-2-(arylidenehydrazin-1-yl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazoles as α-amylase inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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15
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Azam A, Ejaz R, Qadeer S, Irum S, Ul-Husna A, Ullah S, Shahzad Q, Akhtar T, Akhter S. Synergistic impact of α-linolenic acid and α-tocopherol on in vitro maturation and culture of buffalo oocytes. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e253514. [PMID: 34932678 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.253514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to investigate the synergistic impact of α-Tocopherol and α-Linolenic acid (100 µM) on IVM and IVC of Nili Ravi buffalo oocytes. Oocytes were obtained from the ovaries of slaughtered buffaloes within two hours after slaughter and brought to laboratory. Buffalo cumulus oocyte complexes were placed randomly in the five experimental groups included; GROUP 1: Maturation media (MM) + 100 µM ALA (control), GROUP 2: MM + 100 µM ALA + 50μM α-Tocopherol, GROUP 3: MM + 100 µM ALA + 100μM α-Tocopherol, GROUP 4: MM + 100 µM ALA + 200 μM α-Tocopherol and GROUP 5: MM + 100 µM ALA + 300 μM α-Tocopherol under an atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air at 38.5 °C for 22-24 h. Cumulus expansion and nuclear maturation status was determined (Experiment 1). In experiment 2, oocytes were matured as in experiment 1. The matured oocytes were then fertilized in Tyrode's Albumin Lactate Pyruvate (TALP) medium for about 20 h and cultured in synthetic oviductal fluid (SOF) medium to determine effect of α-Linolenic acid (100 µM) and α-Tocopherol in IVM medium on IVC of presumptive zygotes. To study the effect of α-Linolenic acid (100 µM) in IVM media and increasing concentration of α-tocopherol in the culture media on early embryo development (Experiment 3), the presumptive zygotes were randomly distributed into the five experimental groups with increasing concentration of α-tocopherol in culture media. Higher percentage of MII stage oocytes in experiment 1(65.2±2.0), embryos at morula stage in experiment 2 (30.4±1.5) and experiment 3 (22.2±2.0) were obtained. However, overall results for cumulus cell expansion, maturation of oocyte to MII stage and subsequent embryo development among treatments remain statistically similar (P > 0.05). Supplementation of α-tocopherol in maturation media having α-Linolenic acid and/or in embryo culture media did not further enhance in vitro maturation of oocyte or embryo production.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Azam
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Department of Zoology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - R Ejaz
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Department of Zoology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - S Qadeer
- University of Education, Division of Science & Technology, Department of Zoology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Irum
- University of Gujrat, Department of Zoology, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - A Ul-Husna
- University of Haripur, Department of Zoology, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - S Ullah
- University of Education, Division of Science & Technology, Department of Zoology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Q Shahzad
- Bovine IVF Laboratory, Ovatech (Shandong) Biotechnology, Dongying, China
| | - T Akhtar
- Buffalo Research Institute Pattoki, Kasur, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Akhter
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Department of Zoology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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16
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Haroon M, Shahzadi K, Khalid M, Akhtar T, Ghous T, Alam MM, Imran M. Synthesis and In Silico Docking Studies of Ethyl 2-(2-Arylidene-1-Alkylhydrazinyl)Thiazole-4-Carboxylates as Antiglycating agents. Chem Biodivers 2021; 19:e202100581. [PMID: 34875137 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ethyl 2-(2-arylidene-1-alkylhydrazinyl)thiazole-4-carboxylates ( 1a-k ) were synthesized by alkylation on HN- of ethyl 2-(2-arylidenehydrazinyl)thiazole-4-carboxylates. The proposed structures ( 1a-k ) are corroborated by spectro-analytical techniques like UV, FT-IR, 1 H-, 13 C-NMR and HRMS. The compounds ( 1a-k ) were screened for their antiglycation and antioxidant assays. The in vitro antiglycation results revealed promising activity of compounds 1a , 1b , 1d , 1e , 1f , 1g , 1j and 1k with IC 50 values 0.0004 ± 1.097-17.22 ± 0.538 µM/mL when compared to standard, aminoguanidine (IC 50 = 25.50 ± 0.337 µM/mL). Among all tested compounds 1j and 1k are the best antiglycating agents with IC 50 values 1.848 ± 0.646 and 0.0004 ± 1.097 µM/mL, respectively. The in-silico studies also agree with these results where binding energy for 1j and 1k was found to be -9.25 and -8.42 kcal/mol with calculated dissociation constants of 0.16 and 0.67 µM. The antiglycation results demonstrate the application of these compounds in reducing diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haroon
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Road, 10250, Mirpur, PAKISTAN
| | - Kiran Shahzadi
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Mirpur-10250, Mirpur, PAKISTAN
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Chemistry, Rahim Yar Khan, Rahim Yar Khan, PAKISTAN
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Mirpur-10250, Mirpur, PAKISTAN
| | - Tahseen Ghous
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Mirpur-10250, Mirpur, PAKISTAN
| | | | - Muhammad Imran
- King Khalid University, Chemistry, Abha, Abha, SAUDI ARABIA
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17
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Fatima N, Sheikh N, Satoskar AR, Jha BK, Akhtar T, Tayyeb A, Ashfaq I. Interaction of tacrolimus through hedgehog signaling pathway: An in vitro evaluation using rat hepatocytes. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1955-1961. [PMID: 33977768 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211017313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tacrolimus (TAC) is the drug of choice in immunosuppressive therapy for organ transplantation; however, adverse effects are still a major concern. The current study aims to decipher the short-term exposure of TAC on rat hepatocytes in relation to activation of hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway. Time dependent study was conducted using primary rat hepatocytes treated with TAC (36 µM) for 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. Western blot analysis was performed using cell lysate in order to analyze the regulation of HH pathway proteins including HHIP, SMO, PTCH, IHH, SHH, and GLI transcription factors. The study revealed change in protein expression of HH signaling molecules with activation of HH pathway, due to downregulation of HHIP, and enrichment of HH ligands with activation of SMO and GLI transcription factors. It is therefore, concluded that short term TAC exposure leads to upregulation of HH pathway in liver, which may initially act to repair the liver damage but can worsen the condition in case of prolonged immunosuppressive therapy. This insight could lead to understand association of off target effects of immunosuppressive drugs and occurrence of other liver diseases in transplant patients when it comes to long term immunosuppressive therapy. These findings also illuminate a novel direction that use of HH inhibitor might provide a therapeutic strategy for immune suppression related liver disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fatima
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - N Sheikh
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A R Satoskar
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - B K Jha
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - T Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Tayyeb
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - I Ashfaq
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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18
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Haroon M, Akhtar T, Khalid M, Ali S, Zahra S, Ul Haq I, Alhujaily M, C H de B Dias M, Cristina Lima Leite A, Muhammad S. Synthesis, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiviral docking studies of ethyl 2-(2-(arylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazole-4-carboxylates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 76:467-480. [PMID: 33901389 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2021-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of ethyl 2-(2-(arylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazole-4-carboxylates (2a-r) was synthesized in two steps from thiosemicarbazones (1a-r), which were cyclized with ethyl bromopyruvate to ethyl 2-(2-(arylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazole-4-carboxylates (2a-r). The structures of compounds (2a-r) were established by FT-IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR. The structure of compound 2a was confirmed by HRMS. The compounds (2a-r) were then evaluated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant assays. The antioxidant studies revealed, ethyl 2-(2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazole-4-carboxylate (2g) and ethyl 2-(2-(1-phenylethylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazole-4-carboxylate (2h) as promising antioxidant agents with %FRSA: 84.46 ± 0.13 and 74.50 ± 0.37, TAC: 269.08 ± 0.92 and 269.11 ± 0.61 and TRP: 272.34 ± 0.87 and 231.11 ± 0.67 μg AAE/mg dry weight of compound. Beside bioactivities, density functional theory (DFT) methods were used to study the electronic structure and properties of synthesized compounds (2a-m). The potential of synthesized compounds for possible antiviral targets is also predicted through molecular docking methods. The compounds 2e and 2h showed good binding affinities and inhibition constants to be considered as therapeutic target for Mpro protein of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). The present in-depth analysis of synthesized compounds will put them under the spot light for practical applications as antioxidants and the modification in structural motif may open the way for COVID-19 drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haroon
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250Mirpur, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250Mirpur, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Department of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Shehbaz Ali
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Saniya Zahra
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhanad Alhujaily
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, College of Applied Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, 61922, P.O. Box 551Saudi Arabia
| | - Mabilly C H de B Dias
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Lima Leite
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Shabbir Muhammad
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha61413, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Rehman A, Akhtar T, Hameed N, Sheikh N. In vivo assessment of bisphenol A induced histopathological alterations and inflammatory gene expression in lungs of male Wistar rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:538-549. [PMID: 33645299 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120958459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an imperative environmental contaminant used in polycarbonate plastics. Due to limited information concerning the effect of BPA on lungs, this study design to assess whether BPA cause alterations in histopathology and trace metal content in lungs of rats. They were divided into five groups with five rats per group. Group I was named as control group. Group L6 and L12 were received BPA (10 mg/kg body weight/day) for 6 weeks and 12 weeks respectively. Group H6 and L12 were given BPA (25 mg/kg body weight/day) for 6 weeks and 12 weeks respectively. Considerable alteration in Cu, Zn and Fe was detected in experimental groups. BPA also caused significant increase in the expression of tumor necrosis factor α that mediate the pulmonary inflammatory response. Comparative study of resolved proteins i.e. 72 KDa (matrix metalloproteinase 2 fragment) and 109 KDa (nucleolin) on SDS-PAGE showed their altered expression in experimental groups. Histopathology of experimental groups revealed altered architecture of lungs. Special staining of BPA treated groups showed significant number of mast cells in alveoli and bronchioles. Prolonged administration of BPA causes deleterious aggravating lung damage even at extremely low dose, so the use of BPA should be prohibited in plastic synthesizing industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rehman
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, 66906University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - T Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Hameed
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, 66906University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Sheikh
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, 66906University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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20
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Haroon M, de Barros Dias MCH, Santos ACDS, Pereira VRA, Barros Freitas LA, Balbinot RB, Kaplum V, Nakamura CV, Alves LC, Brayner FA, Leite ACL, Akhtar T. The design, synthesis, and in vitro trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activities of 1,3-thiazole and 4-thiazolidinone ester derivatives. RSC Adv 2021; 11:2487-2500. [PMID: 35424158 PMCID: PMC8693751 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06994a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas and leishmaniasis are both neglected tropical diseases, whose inefficient therapies have made them remain the cause for millions of deaths worldwide. Given this, we synthesized 27 novel 1,3-thiazoles and 4-thiazolidinones using bioisosteric and esterification strategies to develop improved and safer drug candidates. After an easy, rapid and low-cost synthesis with satisfactory yields, compounds were structurally characterized. Then, in vitro assays were performed, against Leishmania infantum and Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes, Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes and amastigotes, for selected compounds to determine IC50 and SI, with cytotoxicity on LLC-MK2 cell lines. Overall, 1,3-thiazoles exhibited better trypanocidal activity than 4-thiazolidinones. The compound 1f, an ortho-bromobenzylidene-substituted 1,3-thiazole (IC50 = 0.83 μM), is the most potent of them all. In addition, compounds had negligible cytotoxicity in mammalian cells (CC50 values > 50 μM). Also noteworthy is the examination of the cell death mechanism of T. cruzi, which showed that compound 1f induced necrosis and apoptosis in the parasite. Scanning electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that the treatment of Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigote cells with the compound 1f at different IC50 concentrations promoted alterations in the shape, flagella and body surface, inducing parasite death. Together, our data revealed a novel series of 1,3-thiazole structure-based compounds with promising activity against Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp., broadening ways for scaffold optimization. Chagas and leishmaniasis are both neglected tropical diseases, whose inefficient therapies have made them remain the cause for millions of deaths worldwide.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haroon
- Department of Chemistry
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur
- 10250-Mirpur
- Pakistan
| | - Mabilly Cox Holanda de Barros Dias
- Laboratório de Planejamento em química medicinal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Health Sciences Centre
- Federal University of Pernambuco
- Recife
| | | | | | - Luiz Alberto Barros Freitas
- Laboratório de Planejamento em química medicinal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Health Sciences Centre
- Federal University of Pernambuco
- Recife
| | - Rodolfo Bento Balbinot
- Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos
- State University of Maringá
- Paraná
- Brazil
| | - Vanessa Kaplum
- Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos
- State University of Maringá
- Paraná
- Brazil
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos
- State University of Maringá
- Paraná
- Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Alves
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA)
- Recife
- Brazil
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
| | - Fábio André Brayner
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA)
- Recife
- Brazil
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
| | - Ana Cristina Lima Leite
- Laboratório de Planejamento em química medicinal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Health Sciences Centre
- Federal University of Pernambuco
- Recife
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur
- 10250-Mirpur
- Pakistan
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21
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Abstract
PABA (p-aminobenzoic acid) is an important substrate for the synthesis of various biological
scaffolds. Its pharmacological significance is apparent form the drugs like folic acid and benzocaine,
which are used for certain biological disorders. Although, it is not a vitamin but still it is referred
as a member of vitamin B. The deficiency of PABA leads to several disorders like erratic
white areas of skin, grey hair, fatigue, depression and irritability. Besides its medicinal importance,
PABA has been used in the synthesis of various biologically active heterocyclic nuclei like benzimidazoles,
azitidinones, thiazolidinones, pyrazoline, etc. This review will describe the applications of
PABA in the synthesis of these biologically active nuclei and hence emphasizing its importance as a
versatile substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaib Un Nisa
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250-Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250-Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
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22
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Ghafoor S, Akhtar T, Khawar MB, Sheikh N. Alterations in hepatic trace elements and ferritin expression in high energy diet fed rat model. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:1229-1233. [PMID: 32643354 DOI: 10.23812/18-360-l-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ghafoor
- Cell & Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - T Akhtar
- Cell & Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M B Khawar
- Cell & Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.,University Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - N Sheikh
- Cell & Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Hameed N, Abbasi MH, Akhtar T, Sheikh N. Hematotoxicity and testicular injury induced by Bisphenol A in Rattus norvegicus. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:1493-1500. [PMID: 32894934 DOI: 10.23812/20-226-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Hameed
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M H Abbasi
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Zoology, University of the Okara, Pakistan
| | - T Akhtar
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Sheikh
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
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Basit F, Akhtar T, Hameed N, Abbasi MH, Sheikh N. Subchronic toxicity of bisphenol A on the architecture of spleen and hepatic trace metals and protein profile of adult male Wistar rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1355-1363. [PMID: 32394729 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120921440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the widely used chemical as a plasticizer and regarded as endocrine disruptor because of its ability to derail body metabolic functions and adverse effect on the vital organs. The present work outlined the subchronic effect of low-dose BPA (10 mg/kg) on histology of spleen, level of hepatic trace metals, and hepatic protein profile of Wistar rats. To conduct the research work, animals were grouped into two categories (n = 5). Group 1 was labelled as the control group and group 2 was taken as an experimental group. Experimental group was exposed to low-dose BPA for 12 weeks. Histopathology of spleen highlighted dilation in splenic sinuses, follicle activation, followed by depopulation in the area of white pulp and red pulp in the experimental group. Iron staining revealed significant hemosiderosis in the experimental group when compared with the control group. Statistically significant decrease was noted in zinc and copper concentrations, while nonsignificant change was observed for magnesium concentration through atomic absorption spectroscopy. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was run for hepatic protein profiling, and as compared to control, elevated levels of different proteins were observed in the experimental group. It can be concluded from the above results that even low dose of BPA causes changes in the major organs of the body. Hence, it is suggested that BPA alternative should be used, so that public health status can be secured.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Basit
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - T Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - N Hameed
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M H Abbasi
- Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - N Sheikh
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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Ahmad Z, Saeed B, Akhtar T, Ahmad J. Synthesis and polymerization of 1,5-bis(N-carbazolyl)pentane with its structural and behavioral highlights. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02797-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Haroon M, Akhtar T, S. Santos AC, Pereira VRA, Ferreira LFGR, Hernandes MZ, Rocha REO, Ferreira RS, M. Gomes PAT, Sousa FA, B. Dias MCH, Tahir MN, Hameed S, Leite ACL. Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Trypanocidal and Leishmanicidal Activities of 2‐(2‐Arylidene)hydrazono‐4‐oxothiazolidine‐5‐acetic Acid Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haroon
- Department of ChemistryMirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur (AJK) Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of ChemistryMirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur (AJK) Pakistan
| | - Aline C. S. Santos
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu MagalhãesFundação Oswaldo Cruz 50670-420 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Valéria R. A. Pereira
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu MagalhãesFundação Oswaldo Cruz 50670-420 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Luiz F. G. R. Ferreira
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco 50740-520 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Marcelo Z. Hernandes
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco 50740-520 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Rafael E. O. Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica and ImunologiaUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais CEP 31270–901 Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Rafaela S. Ferreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica and ImunologiaUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais CEP 31270–901 Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Paulo A. T. M. Gomes
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco 50740-520 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Fabiano A. Sousa
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco 50740-520 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Mabilly C. H. B. Dias
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco 50740-520 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Muhammad N. Tahir
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of Sargodha, Sargodha Punjab Pakistan
| | - Shahid Hameed
- Department of ChemistryQuaid-i-Azam University Islamabad- 45320 Pakistan
| | - Ana C. L. Leite
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco 50740-520 Recife, PE Brazil
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Ahmad Z, Bibi S, Mushtaq S, Hoskins C, Arshad M, Akhtar T. Designing the poly[1,5-bis(N-pyrrolyl)pentane as a new horizon of polypyrrole paradigm with its structural and optical highlights. Colloid Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-019-04574-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Kousar R, Shafi N, Andleeb S, Ali NM, Akhtar T, Khalid S. Assessment and incidence of fish associated bacterial pathogens at hatcheries of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2019; 80:607-614. [PMID: 31644654 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.217435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish is the most indispensable source of proteins for individuals and have high nutritional value. On the other hand, the fish culturing raised issues of fish health due to close contact between the aquatic environment and the fish pathogens. So, the aim of the current study was to identify the bacterial pathogens and screen the injured Rainbow trout rearing in different trout hatcheries run under fisheries department of the government of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. Seven bacterial pathogens such as Shigella flexneri, Enterobacter amnigenus, Salmonella Typhimurium, Serratia odorifera, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Bacillus cereus were isolated and identified. Results revealed that the injury of fish specimens was due to overcrowding. Instead of rainbow coloration, specimens have darker black in color. The water of ponds was not clean and clear and such conditions was because of the greater quantity of feed thrown in the water. It was concluded that poor hygienic water condition and overloading allowed the opportunistic bacterial contaminations to succeed which cause a serious threat to hatcheries.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kousar
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - N Shafi
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - S Andleeb
- Microbial Biotechnology and Vermi-technology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - N Mazhar Ali
- Department of Zoology, Government College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - T Akhtar
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - S Khalid
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
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29
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Haroon M, Khalid M, Akhtar T, Tahir MN, Khan MU, Saleem M, Jawaria R. Synthesis, spectroscopic, SC-XRD characterizations and DFT based studies of ethyl2-(substituted-(2-benzylidenehydrazinyl))thiazole-4-carboxylate derivatives. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Ahmad K, Khan BA, Akhtar T, Khan J, Roy SK. Deciphering the mechanism of copper-catalyzed N-arylation between aryl halides and nitriles: a DFT study. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03860d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the CuI/DMEDA-catalyzed tandem hydrolysis/N-arylation of benzonitrile with aryl iodide was studied using the DFT method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST)
- Mirpur 10250
- Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad Khan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir
- Muzaffarabad 13100
- Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST)
- Mirpur 10250
- Pakistan
| | - Jahanzeb Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
| | - Soumendra K. Roy
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Shaanxi key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemical and Environmental Science
- Shaanxi University of Technology
- Hanzhong
- P. R. China
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31
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Batool T, Akhtar T, Asghar A, Khawar MB, Sheikh N. Analysis of changes in hepatic gene expression and tissue architecture of heart and kidney in association with diet-induced obesity in Rattus norvegicus. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:219-224. [PMID: 30556383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Batool
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - T Akhtar
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Asghar
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M B Khawar
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Sheikh
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
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32
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Akhtar T, Cargill J, Gerrard C, Shaw F, Cunliffe NA, Cooke RPD, Pizer B. Detection of rotavirus in paediatric oncology patients with diarrhoea: the impact of rotavirus vaccine. J Hosp Infect 2018; 99:185-187. [PMID: 29309814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Seven years' data were reviewed to examine stool-testing for rotavirus in patents treated in a regional paediatric oncology unit before and after the introduction of UK-wide rotavirus immunization in July 2013. The prevalence of rotavirus positivity has diminished since the introduction of rotavirus immunization, with 21 of 416 positive samples between 2010 and 2012, but only one positive test out of 122 samples in 2015 and 2016. Based on these results, there seems to be little use for routine rotavirus-testing in children and young people with cancer presenting with diarrhoea.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Akhtar
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - J Cargill
- Department of Microbiology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - C Gerrard
- Department of Microbiology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - F Shaw
- Department of Microbiology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - N A Cunliffe
- Department of Microbiology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK; Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - R P D Cooke
- Department of Microbiology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - B Pizer
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
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33
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Akhtar T, Sheikh N, Shan T, Ghazanfar R. Tacrolimus induced nephrotoxicity and pulmonary toxicity in Wistar rats. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2017; 31:1061-1066. [PMID: 29254315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation has evolved into an accepted treatment for end-stage organ failure. The major limitation for solid organ transplantation is organ rejection, which is an adaptive immune response caused by the activation of T-cells. Immunosuppressant drugs are used to overcome this problem. Tacrolimus is a powerful immunosuppressive drug which is used to minimize the risk of organ rejection. The present study was designed to find the toxic effects of tacrolimus on lungs and kidneys. Wistar rats were divided into 4 experimental groups and one control group (n=9). Each rat of the experimental group was orally given the aqueous suspension of tacrolimus powder (3mg/ml) and dissected after 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours of tacrolimus suspension dose. Lungs and kidneys were excised and processed for histopathological and histochemical alterations. Kidney tissues presented signs of toxic potential on tissue architecture such as increased interstitial spaces, necrosis, especially acute tubular necrosis, glomerular shrinkage, dilated blood vessels and enlargement of Bowmans capsule. Lung sections also confirmed the toxic potential, characterized by bronchiolar wall thickening, alveolar cells necrosis, collapsing of alveolar spaces and interstitial round cell infiltrate. Results of Prussian blue iron staining showed no iron deposition in kidney architecture while in lung sections, iron accumulation was evident. Taken together from these observations we can conclude that tacrolimus may induce toxicity to a certain extent with structural distortion of the kidneys and lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Akhtar
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Sheikh
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - T Shan
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - R Ghazanfar
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
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34
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Abbasi MH, Fatima S, Khawar MB, Naz N, Mujeeb KA, Akhtar T, Sheikh N. Dose-dependent acute phase response of aqueous leaf decoction of Nerium oleander in Wistar rats. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2017; 31:985-989. [PMID: 29254303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have been carried out in order to determine the toxicity of medicinal plants. The objective of this study was to compare and analyze the hepatic response against two doses of Nerium oleander, (N. oleander) kaner leaf decoction. Aqueous leaf decoction was injected intramuscularly into both hind limbs of male rats (200∓10g), assigned into three categories (n=4): control group with no treatment; group I, injected with 5 ml/ kg; and group II injected with 10 ml/ kg of leaf decoction, respectively. Animals were sacrificed 6 h after administration and hepato-histological changes were then observed. The decoction induced an acute phase reaction reflected by a more significant recruitment of inflammatory cells in group II than in group I and controls, as observed by histological studies. These results indicated that both doses can induce an acute-phase condition. Hence, traditional practice of medicinal plants without preliminary dose assessment must not be administered.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Abbasi
- Department of Zoology, Government College of Science, Lahore, Pakistan
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Fatima
- University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M B Khawar
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Naz
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
| | - K A Mujeeb
- Centennial College, Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - T Akhtar
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Sheikh
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Centre of Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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35
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Akhtar T, Ara G, Ali N, ud Din Mufti F, Imran Khan M. Effects of dietary supplementation of mannan-oligosaccharide on virus shedding in avian influenza (H 9N 2) challenged broilers. Iran J Vet Res 2016; 17:268-272. [PMID: 28224012 PMCID: PMC5309460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Avian influenza (AI) is a highly contagious disease causing significant economic losses worldwide. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) on tracheal and cloacal virus shedding in AI challenged broilers and contamination of environment with H9N2. A total of 300 1-day-old-broiler chicks were randomly divided into 3 groups (A, B and C) and supplemented 0.2, 0.5 and 0.0% MOS, respectively in NRC recommended diet for 36 days. On day 21 the groups were further split into two sub groups A+ve, A-ve, B+ve, B-ve, C+ve and C-ve with 5 replicates each. The positive groups were shifted to remote sheds and were challenged intranasally with 0.1 ml of reference virus (AIV; Pk-UDL/01/08 H9N2) with EID50 = 10-6.66. Treatment reduces (P<0.05) cloacal virus shedding from day 24 to 26 and 28 to 32. Tracheal virus shedding was lower (P<0.05) on days 25-26 and 28-30 in treatment groups. Day 27 showed highest (P>0.05) virus shedding in all groups. However the reduction of viral shedding is faster in treatment groups and showed no virus shedding on day 32. Maternal antibody titer against AI showed a declining pattern but MOS influenced (P<0.05) the titer in treated groups. Hence the use of MOS may constitute a novel and effective plausible alternative that reduces the spread of disease by decreasing virus shedding and contamination of environment from AIV (H9N2) infection in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Akhtar
- MPhil/Ms in Physiology, Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-5400, Punjab, Pakistan;
| | - G. Ara
- MPhil/Ms in Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar-25120, KPK, Pakistan
| | - N. Ali
- MPhil/Ms in Livestock Management, Department of Livestock Management, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar-25120, KPK, Pakistan;
| | - F. ud Din Mufti
- MPhil/Ms in Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan;
| | - M. Imran Khan
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar-25120, KPK, Pakistan,Correspondence: M. Imran Khan, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar-25120, KPK, Pakistan. E-mail:
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Manalan K, Sanderson K, Akhtar T, Hart N, Murphy P. P110 A review of persistent hypercapnia and subsequent referral for obese patients admitted into an Intensive Care Unit. Thorax 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207770.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Haroon M, Akhtar T, Tahir MN. Crystal structure of (E)-2-(4-chloro-benzyl-idene)-3,4-di-hydro-naphthalen-1(2H)-one: a second monoclinic polymorph. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2015; 71:o741-2. [PMID: 26594452 PMCID: PMC4647395 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989015016151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C17H13ClO, is the second monoclinic polymorph to crystallize in the space group P21/c. The first polymorph crystallized with two independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit [Bolognesi et al. (1975 ▸). Acta Cryst. A31, S119; Z' = 2; no atomic coordinates available], whereas the title compound has Z' = 1. In the title polymorph, the dihedral angle between the plane of the benzene ring of the tetra-lone moiety and that of the 4-chloro-benzyl ring is 52.21 (11)°. The cyclo-hex-2-en-1-one ring of the tetra-lone moiety has a screw-boat conformation. In the crystal, mol-ecules are liked by pairs of C-H⋯π inter-actions forming inversion dimers. There are no other significant inter-molecular inter-actions present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haroon
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
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Janbaz KH, Akhtar T, Saqib F, Imran I, Zia-Ul-Haq M, Jansakul C, De Feo V, Moga M. Pharmacological justification of use of Solena heterophylla Lour. in gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular disorders. J Transl Med 2015; 13:134. [PMID: 25925396 PMCID: PMC4423122 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0470-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Solena heterophylla Lour. has traditionally been used in the management of diseases pertaining to gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular system and present study was undertaken to validate its traditional uses. Methods The aqueous ethanolic extract of Solena heterophylla Lour (Sh.Cr) was tested in-vitro on isolated rabbit jejunum, tracheal and aorta preparations. The responses of tissues were recorded using isotonic transducers coupled with PowerLab data acquisition system. Results The aqueous ethanolic extract of Solena heterophylla Lour (Sh.Cr) (0.03-1.0 mg/ml) on application to spontaneous contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparation exerted relaxant effect through decrease in magnitude and frequency of contractions, caused relaxation of K+(80 mM)-induced contractions and shifted the Ca2+ concentration response curves toward right in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations in a manner similar to verapamil (a standard Ca2+ channel blocker), thus confirming its Ca2+ channel blocking activity. The Sh.Cr also caused relaxation of carbachol (1 μM)- and K+(80 mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit tracheal preparations in a manner comparable to dicyclomine. Conclusions The observed relaxant effect may be outcome of anti-muscarinic and Ca2+ channel blocking activities. The Sh.Cr (0.03-1.0 mg/ml) against phenyephrine (1 μM)- and K+(80 mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit aortic preparations exerted a relaxant effect, possibly through Ca2+ channel blocking activity. These findings provide a rationale for the folkloric uses of the plant in the management of ailments pertaining to gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Imran Imran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ul-Haq
- Office of Research, Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan. .,Department of Environmental Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Chaweeewan Jansakul
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand.
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, Salerno University, Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Marius Moga
- Department of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania.
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Akhtar T, Khan MA, Iqbal J, Jones PG, Hameed S. A Facile One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Arylamino-5-Aryloxylalkyl-1,3,4-Oxadiazoles and Their Urease Inhibition Studies. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 84:92-8. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry; Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST); Mirpur Azad Jammu and Kashmir 10250 Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A. Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology; Abbottabad 22060 Pakistan
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology; Abbottabad 22060 Pakistan
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institut for Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Shahid Hameed
- Department of Chemistry; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
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Zia M, Akhtar T, Hameed S, Al-Masoudi NA. New Aryl-1,3-thiazole-4-carbohydrazides, Their 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-2- thione, 1,2,4-Triazole, Isatin-3-ylidene and Carboxamide Derivatives. Synthesis and Anti-HIV Activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.5560/znb.2012-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of isatin-3-ylidene (6a-i) and arylthiazolyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione derivatives 7a-i derived from arylthiazolyl carbohydrazide analogs 4a-i were synthesized. Analogously, coupling of 4f with various amino acid methyl esters in the presence of HOBt/DCC reagents afforded the carboxamide derivatives 9a-d. The newly synthesized compounds were assayed against HIV-1 and HIV-2 in MT-4 cells. All compounds are inactive, except compounds 9b and 9c which showed inhibition of HIV-1 with EC50 = 2:34 μg mL-1, and 1.12 μg mL-1 with therapeutic indexes (SI) of 9 and <1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwash Zia
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250 Mirpur, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Hameed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
| | - Najim A. Al-Masoudi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
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Khan MUH, Akhtar T, Yasin KA, Al-Masoudi NA, G. Jones PG, Hameed S. Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antiproliferative Activity of 6-Adamantyl-3-aryl[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2010-0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3,6-disubstituted [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles 5a - l bearing an adamantyl moiety were synthesized by condensation of 4-amino-5-aryl-2H-1,2,4-triazole-3(4H)-thiones 4a -l with adamantyl-1-carboxylic acid in the presence of POCl3. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were established using spectroanalytical techniques and verified further by the crystal structure determination of compounds 5a and 5j. The compounds were screened for their antiproliferative activity against a large panel of human cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
| | - Khawaja A. Yasin
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
| | - Najim A. Al-Masoudi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Peter G. G. Jones
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Shahid Hameed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
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Akhtar T, Khan Z, Raoof S. Community participation eludes Pakistan's maternal, newborn and child health programme. East Mediterr Health J 2014; 20:10-16. [PMID: 24932928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study looked at the comprehensiveness of the primary health care approach being applied in Pakistan's National Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (MNCH) Programme launched in 2005. The methods included a review of the programme's guideline documents, in-depth interviews with managers/advisors and focus group discussions with community groups and service providers. The MNCH Programme is applying a selective primary care model. Programme advisors and managers were concerned about the quality of training, political interference and incomplete implementation. Service providers were not working together as envisioned. Community midwives complained about the community's perceptions of them. Community members were unaware of MNCH Programme implementation in their areas. Pakistan's primary health care programme needs to be reviewed and revised according current thinking on community participation and inter-sectoral collaboration to accelerate progress towards achievement of Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Akhtar
- Consultant Research and Development, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Z Khan
- Directorate of Research and Development, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - S Raoof
- Consultant Research and Development, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Akhtar T, Khan Z, Raoof S. Community participation eludes Pakistan's maternal, newborn and child health programme. East Mediterr Health J 2014. [DOI: 10.26719/2014.20.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Habib MA, Soofi S, Ali N, Sutter R, Palansch M, Qureshi H, Akhtar T, Molodecky N, Okayasu H, Bhutta ZA. A study evaluating poliovirus antibodies and risk factors associated with polio seropositivity in low socioeconomic areas of Pakistan. Vaccine 2013; 31:1987-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Khan MUH, Akhtar T, A. Al-Masoudi N, Stoeckli-Evans H, Hameed S. Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Anti-HIV Activity of 2- Adamantyl/adamantylmethyl-5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles. Med Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.2174/157340612804075232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Khan MUH, Akhtar T, Al-Masoudi NA, Stoeckli-Evans H, Hameed S. Synthesis, crystal structure and anti-HIV activity of 2-adamantyl/adamantylmethyl-5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles. Med Chem 2012; 8:1190-7. [PMID: 22741800 DOI: 10.2174/1573406411208061190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two series of 2-adamantyl/adamantylmethyl-5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (4a-l and 5a-l) were synthesized by cyclodehydration of adamantan-1-carboxylic acid/adamantylacetic acid with various aryl hydrazides (3a-l) in the presence of POCl(3). The synthesis was supported by spectroanalytical techniques and verified further by crystal structure determination of compounds 4e and 5k. The synthesized compounds were screened for their inhibitory activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2 in MT-4 cells. Compound 5b exhibited a moderate activity in vitro for the replication of both virus types, suggesting for further structural modification as a new lead in the development of an antiviral agent.
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Cumpstey I, Frigell J, Pershagen E, Akhtar T, Moreno-Clavijo E, Robina I, Alonzi DS, Butters TD. Amine-linked diglycosides: Synthesis facilitated by the enhanced reactivity of allylic electrophiles, and glycosidase inhibition assays. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:1115-23. [PMID: 21915215 PMCID: PMC3169339 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diglycose derivatives, consisting of two monosaccharides linked at non-anomeric positions by a bridging nitrogen atom, have been synthesised. Conversion of one of the precursor monosaccharide coupling components into an unsaturated derivative enhances its electrophilicity at the allylic position, facilitating coupling reactions. Mitsunobu coupling between nosylamides and 2,3-unsaturated-4-alcohols gave the 4-amino-pseudodisaccharides with inversion of configuration as single regio- and diastereoisomers. A palladium-catalysed coupling between an amine and a 2,3-unsaturated 4-trichloroacetimidate gave a 2-amino-pseudodisaccharide as the major product, along with other minor products. Derivatisation of the C=C double bond in pseudodisaccharides allowed the formation of Man(N4–6)Glc and Man(N4–6)Man diglycosides. The amine-linked diglycosides were found to show weak glycosidase inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Cumpstey
- Department of Organic Chemistry, The Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Syed T, Akhtar T, Al-Masoudi NA, Jones PG, Hameed S. Synthesis, QSAR and anti-HIV activity of new 5-benzylthio-1,3,4-oxadiazoles derived from α-amino acids. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2011; 26:668-80. [PMID: 21250823 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2010.546792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tayyaba Syed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Najim A. Al-Masoudi
- Chemistry Department, College of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq (previous address: Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany)
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Shahid Hameed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Khan MUH, Hameed S, Akhtar T, Stoeckli-Evans H. 6-(Adamantan-1-yl)-3-(3-fluoro-phen-yl)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thia-diazole. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2010; 66:o3215-6. [PMID: 21589508 PMCID: PMC3011398 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536810046428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title molecule, C19H19FN4S, displays Cs molecular symmetry, in which the crystallographic mirror plane bisects the adamantan-1-yl unit while the 3-fluorophenyl triazole ring is located on the mirror plane. The F atom of the 3-fluorophenyl ring is positionally disordered [occupancy ratio 0.9:0.1]. In the crystal, π–π interactions between the triazole and phenyl rings occur [centroid–centroid distance = 3.5849 (7) Å] and weak C—H⋯F interactions form a ribbon propagating in [010].
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