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Oser MG, MacPherson D, Oliver TG, Sage J, Park KS. Genetically-engineered mouse models of small cell lung cancer: the next generation. Oncogene 2024; 43:457-469. [PMID: 38191672 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02929-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains the most fatal form of lung cancer, with patients in dire need of new and effective therapeutic approaches. Modeling SCLC in an immunocompetent host is essential for understanding SCLC pathogenesis and ultimately discovering and testing new experimental therapeutic strategies. Human SCLC is characterized by near universal genetic loss of the RB1 and TP53 tumor suppressor genes. Twenty years ago, the first genetically-engineered mouse model (GEMM) of SCLC was generated using conditional deletion of both Rb1 and Trp53 in the lungs of adult mice. Since then, several other GEMMs of SCLC have been developed coupling genomic alterations found in human SCLC with Rb1 and Trp53 deletion. Here we summarize how GEMMs of SCLC have contributed significantly to our understanding of the disease in the past two decades. We also review recent advances in modeling SCLC in mice that allow investigators to bypass limitations of the previous generation of GEMMs while studying new genes of interest in SCLC. In particular, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated somatic gene editing can accelerate how new genes of interest are functionally interrogated in SCLC tumorigenesis. Notably, the development of allograft models and precancerous precursor models from SCLC GEMMs provides complementary approaches to GEMMs to study tumor cell-immune microenvironment interactions and test new therapeutic strategies to enhance response to immunotherapy. Ultimately, the new generation of SCLC models can accelerate research and help develop new therapeutic strategies for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Oser
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - David MacPherson
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Julien Sage
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kwon-Sik Park
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
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2
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Weber MC, Izzo LT, Oliver TG. Epigenetic Regulators Open the Door to SCLC Plasticity. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3495-3497. [PMID: 37756567 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-2922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a neuroendocrine tumor type with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. SCLC comprises multiple molecular subtypes that are defined by the expression of the lineage-related transcription factors ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, and more controversially, YAP1. SCLC exhibits remarkable plasticity with the capacity to transition between molecular states; because these states are associated with unique therapeutic susceptibilities, SCLC has been likened to a moving therapeutic target. While MYC's role in driving the ASCL1-to-NEUROD1 (A-to-N) transition is established, additional mechanisms governing SCLC plasticity remain largely obscure. A recent study by Duplaquet and colleagues, published in Nature Cell Biology, employs an innovative genetically engineered mouse model of SCLC harboring loss of KDM6A-a histone lysine demethylase mutated in approximately 2% of SCLC cases. KDM6A loss in SCLC alters chromatin accessibility and increases the potential for A-to-N plasticity in vivo. Through characterization of the epigenetic landscape, Duplaquet and colleagues identified histone methylation as a key regulator of SCLC plasticity. These findings provide not only a new model system for studying SCLC plasticity, but also identify new epigenetic mechanisms involved, which will ultimately be critical for designing more effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret C Weber
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Luke T Izzo
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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3
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Pearsall SM, Williamson SC, Humphrey S, Hughes E, Morgan D, García Marqués FJ, Awanis G, Carroll R, Burks L, Shue YT, Bermudez A, Frese KK, Galvin M, Carter M, Priest L, Kerr A, Zhou C, Oliver TG, Humphries JD, Humphries MJ, Blackhall F, Cannell IG, Pitteri SJ, Hannon GJ, Sage J, Dive C, Simpson KL. Lineage Plasticity in SCLC Generates Non-Neuroendocrine Cells Primed for Vasculogenic Mimicry. J Thorac Oncol 2023; 18:1362-1385. [PMID: 37455012 PMCID: PMC10561473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vasculogenic mimicry (VM), the process of tumor cell transdifferentiation to endow endothelial-like characteristics supporting de novo vessel formation, is associated with poor prognosis in several tumor types, including SCLC. In genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of SCLC, NOTCH, and MYC co-operate to drive a neuroendocrine (NE) to non-NE phenotypic switch, and co-operation between NE and non-NE cells is required for metastasis. Here, we define the phenotype of VM-competent cells and molecular mechanisms underpinning SCLC VM using circulating tumor cell-derived explant (CDX) models and GEMMs. METHODS We analyzed perfusion within VM vessels and their association with NE and non-NE phenotypes using multiplex immunohistochemistry in CDX, GEMMs, and patient biopsies. We evaluated their three-dimensional structure and defined collagen-integrin interactions. RESULTS We found that VM vessels are present in 23/25 CDX models, 2 GEMMs, and in 20 patient biopsies of SCLC. Perfused VM vessels support tumor growth and only NOTCH-active non-NE cells are VM-competent in vivo and ex vivo, expressing pseudohypoxia, blood vessel development, and extracellular matrix organization signatures. On Matrigel, VM-primed non-NE cells remodel extracellular matrix into hollow tubules in an integrin β1-dependent process. CONCLUSIONS We identified VM as an exemplar of functional heterogeneity and plasticity in SCLC and these findings take considerable steps toward understanding the molecular events that enable VM. These results support therapeutic co-targeting of both NE and non-NE cells to curtail SCLC progression and to improve the outcomes of patients with SCLC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Pearsall
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart C Williamson
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Humphrey
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ellyn Hughes
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Derrick Morgan
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Griselda Awanis
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Carroll
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Burks
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yan Ting Shue
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Abel Bermudez
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford, California
| | - Kristopher K Frese
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie Galvin
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mathew Carter
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lynsey Priest
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair Kerr
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Cong Zhou
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jonathan D Humphries
- Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Blackhall
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom; Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Medical Oncology, Christie Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ian G Cannell
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon J Pitteri
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford, California
| | - Gregory J Hannon
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Sage
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Caroline Dive
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Kathryn L Simpson
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, United Kingdom
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4
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Chen H, Gesumaria L, Park YK, Oliver TG, Singer DS, Ge K, Schrump DS. BET Inhibitors Target the SCLC-N Subtype of Small-Cell Lung Cancer by Blocking NEUROD1 Transactivation. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:91-101. [PMID: 36378541 PMCID: PMC9898120 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant malignancy that urgently needs new therapies. Four master transcription factors (ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, and YAP1) have been identified in SCLC, and each defines the transcriptome landscape of one molecular subtype. However, these master transcription factors have not been found directly druggable. We hypothesized that blocking their transcriptional coactivator(s) could provide an alternative approach to target these master transcription factors. Here, we identify that BET proteins physically interact with NEUROD1 and function as transcriptional coactivators. Using CRISPR knockout and ChIP-seq, we demonstrate that NEUROD1 plays a critical role in defining the landscapes of BET proteins in the SCLC genome. Blocking BET proteins by inhibitors led to broad suppression of the NEUROD1-target genes, especially those associated with superenhancers, resulting in the inhibition of SCLC growth in vitro and in vivo. LSAMP, a membrane protein in the IgLON family, was identified as one of the NEUROD1-target genes mediating BET inhibitor sensitivity in SCLC. Altogether, our study reveals that BET proteins are essential in regulating NEUROD1 transactivation and are promising targets in SCLC-N subtype tumors. IMPLICATIONS Our findings suggest that targeting transcriptional coactivators could be a novel approach to blocking the master transcription factors in SCLC for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobin Chen
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Corresponding author: Address: 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8069, St. Louis, MO 63110, Tel: 314-273-5244;
| | - Lisa Gesumaria
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- Adipocyte Biology and Gene Regulation Section, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Trudy G. Oliver
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Dinah S. Singer
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kai Ge
- Adipocyte Biology and Gene Regulation Section, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David S. Schrump
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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5
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Groves SM, Ildefonso GV, McAtee CO, Ozawa PMM, Ireland AS, Stauffer PE, Wasdin PT, Huang X, Qiao Y, Lim JS, Bader J, Liu Q, Simmons AJ, Lau KS, Iams WT, Hardin DP, Saff EB, Holmes WR, Tyson DR, Lovly CM, Rathmell JC, Marth G, Sage J, Oliver TG, Weaver AM, Quaranta V. Archetype tasks link intratumoral heterogeneity to plasticity and cancer hallmarks in small cell lung cancer. Cell Syst 2022; 13:690-710.e17. [PMID: 35981544 PMCID: PMC9615940 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumors comprise heterogeneous mixtures of cell states, categorized into neuroendocrine (NE) and non-neuroendocrine (non-NE) transcriptional subtypes. NE to non-NE state transitions, fueled by plasticity, likely underlie adaptability to treatment and dismal survival rates. Here, we apply an archetypal analysis to model plasticity by recasting SCLC phenotypic heterogeneity through multi-task evolutionary theory. Cell line and tumor transcriptomics data fit well in a five-dimensional convex polytope whose vertices optimize tasks reminiscent of pulmonary NE cells, the SCLC normal counterparts. These tasks, supported by knowledge and experimental data, include proliferation, slithering, metabolism, secretion, and injury repair, reflecting cancer hallmarks. SCLC subtypes, either at the population or single-cell level, can be positioned in archetypal space by bulk or single-cell transcriptomics, respectively, and characterized as task specialists or multi-task generalists by the distance from archetype vertex signatures. In the archetype space, modeling single-cell plasticity as a Markovian process along an underlying state manifold indicates that task trade-offs, in response to microenvironmental perturbations or treatment, may drive cell plasticity. Stifling phenotypic transitions and plasticity may provide new targets for much-needed translational advances in SCLC. A record of this paper's Transparent Peer Review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Groves
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Geena V Ildefonso
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Caitlin O McAtee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Patricia M M Ozawa
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Abbie S Ireland
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Philip E Stauffer
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Perry T Wasdin
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Huang
- Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Yi Qiao
- Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jing Shan Lim
- Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jackie Bader
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Alan J Simmons
- Epithelial Biology Center and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Ken S Lau
- Epithelial Biology Center and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Wade T Iams
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Doug P Hardin
- Department of Mathematics and Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Edward B Saff
- Department of Mathematics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - William R Holmes
- Department of Mathematics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Physics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Darren R Tyson
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Christine M Lovly
- Department of Mathematics and Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Rathmell
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Gabor Marth
- Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Julien Sage
- Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Alissa M Weaver
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Vito Quaranta
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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6
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Kelenis DP, Rodarte KE, Kollipara RK, Pozo K, Choudhuri SP, Spainhower KB, Wait SJ, Stastny V, Oliver TG, Johnson JE. Inhibition of Karyopherin β1-Mediated Nuclear Import Disrupts Oncogenic Lineage-Defining Transcription Factor Activity in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:3058-3073. [PMID: 35748745 PMCID: PMC9444950 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Genomic studies support the classification of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) into subtypes based on the expression of lineage-defining transcription factors ASCL1 and NEUROD1, which together are expressed in ∼86% of SCLC. ASCL1 and NEUROD1 activate SCLC oncogene expression, drive distinct transcriptional programs, and maintain the in vitro growth and oncogenic properties of ASCL1 or NEUROD1-expressing SCLC. ASCL1 is also required for tumor formation in SCLC mouse models. A strategy to inhibit the activity of these oncogenic drivers may therefore provide both a targeted therapy for the predominant SCLC subtypes and a tool to investigate the underlying lineage plasticity of established SCLC tumors. However, there are no known agents that inhibit ASCL1 or NEUROD1 function. In this study, we identify a novel strategy to pharmacologically target ASCL1 and NEUROD1 activity in SCLC by exploiting the nuclear localization required for the function of these transcription factors. Karyopherin β1 (KPNB1) was identified as a nuclear import receptor for both ASCL1 and NEUROD1 in SCLC, and inhibition of KPNB1 led to impaired ASCL1 and NEUROD1 nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activity. Pharmacologic targeting of KPNB1 preferentially disrupted the growth of ASCL1+ and NEUROD1+ SCLC cells in vitro and suppressed ASCL1+ tumor growth in vivo, an effect mediated by a combination of impaired ASCL1 downstream target expression, cell-cycle activity, and proteostasis. These findings broaden the support for targeting nuclear transport as an anticancer therapeutic strategy and have implications for targeting lineage-transcription factors in tumors beyond SCLC. SIGNIFICANCE The identification of KPNB1 as a nuclear import receptor for lineage-defining transcription factors in SCLC reveals a viable therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetra P. Kelenis
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kathia E. Rodarte
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rahul K. Kollipara
- McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Karine Pozo
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | | | - Kyle B. Spainhower
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sarah J. Wait
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Victor Stastny
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Trudy G. Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jane E. Johnson
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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7
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Hamad SH, Montgomery SA, Simon JM, Bowman BM, Spainhower KB, Murphy RM, Knudsen ES, Fenton SE, Randell SH, Holt JR, Hayes DN, Witkiewicz AK, Oliver TG, Major MB, Weissman BE. Correction: TP53, CDKN2A/P16, and NFE2L2/NRF2 regulate the incidence of pure- and combined-small cell lung cancer in mice. Oncogene 2022; 41:4485. [PMID: 36002660 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02442-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samera H Hamad
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie A Montgomery
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jeremy M Simon
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brittany M Bowman
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kyle B Spainhower
- Department of Oncological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ryan M Murphy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Erik S Knudsen
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Suzanne E Fenton
- Division of National Toxicology Program, NIEHS/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Scott H Randell
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jeremiah R Holt
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - D Neil Hayes
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - M Ben Major
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Bernard E Weissman
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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8
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Hamad S, Montgomery SA, Simon JM, Bowman BM, Spainhower KB, Murphy RM, Witkiewicz A, Fenton SE, Randell SH, Hayes N, Knudsen E, Oliver TG, Major B, Weissman BE. Abstract 921: The Nrf2E79Q activating mutation accelerates growth of pure-small cell lung cancer but not combined small cell lung cancer Tp53floxed/floxed/Cdkn2afloxed/floxed mice. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Inactivating mutations in TP53/P16 are found in most types of non-small cell lung cancer while RB1/P16 losspredominates in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). NRF2 activating mutations are also found frequently in lungcancer, especially in lung squamous cell carcinoma. However, how concurrent mutations in these genes maycontribute to lung cancer development is not fully understood. To address this problem, we compared lung tumordevelopment in a genetically-engineered mouse model (GEMM) with dual Trp53/p16 deficiency, +/- expressionof one of the most common mutations in NRF2 found in human tumors, Nrf2E79Q/+. Surprisingly, both groups,Nrf2E79Q/+ and Nrf2+/+, developed combined-SCLC (C-SCLC): a mixture of SCLC and large cell neuroendocrine(NE) carcinoma along with pure-SCLC (P-SCLC). The appearance of C-SCLC implicates Trp53/p16 double lossin the development of this type of lung cancer. Both groups developed C-SCLC at the same penetrance andincidence; all tumors labeled positive for NE-markers by immunohistochemistry (IHC) including ASCL1, SYP andINSM1. However, C-SCLCs developed by Nrf2E79Q/+ mice did not show NRF2 labeling by IHC, despiterecombination of the Nrf2E79Q/+ allele. In contrast, the Nrf2E79Q/+ mice showed significantly higher incidence of P-SCLC compared to Nrf2+/+ mice. All P-SCLC from Nrf2E79Q/+ mice were NRF2-positive by IHC, while the fewtumors developed by Nrf2+/+ mice were negative. All P-SCLC lesions labeled positive for NE-markers includingASCL1, CGRP & SYP. Both C-SCLCs & P-SCLCs were positive for NKX1.2 (lung cancer-marker) and negativefor P63 (squamous cell-marker). Interestingly, phospho-RB1 was positive for both C-SCLCs & P-SCLCs,suggesting the loss of p16 in our GEMM inactivates Rb1 through loss of inhibition of the cyclin dependent kinases4/6 (CDK4/6). This is the first study showing that the concurrent inactivation of Trp53/p16 in mice drivesdevelopment of C-SCLC. Our study also implicated activation of NRF2 signaling in the progression of SCLC.Our next studies will dissect the mechanisms by which NRF2 activation contributes to the development of SCLCdevelopment.
Citation Format: Samera Hamad, Stephanie A. Montgomery, Jeremy M. Simon, Brittany M. Bowman, Kyle B. Spainhower, Ryan M. Murphy, Agnieszka Witkiewicz, Suzanne E. Fenton, Scott H. Randell, Neil Hayes, Erik Knudsen, Trudy G. Oliver, Ben Major, Bernard E. Weissman. The Nrf2E79Q activating mutation accelerates growth of pure-small cell lung cancer but not combined small cell lung cancer Tp53floxed/floxed/Cdkn2afloxed/floxed mice [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 921.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Neil Hayes
- 7University of Tennessee Health Science Center for Cancer Research, Memphis, TN
| | - Erik Knudsen
- 4Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | | | - Ben Major
- 1UNC-Lineberger Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC
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Hamad SH, Montgomery SA, Simon JM, Bowman BM, Spainhower KB, Murphy RM, Knudsen ES, Fenton SE, Randell SH, Holt JR, Hayes DN, Witkiewicz AK, Oliver TG, Major MB, Weissman BE. TP53, CDKN2A/P16, and NFE2L2/NRF2 regulate the incidence of pure- and combined-small cell lung cancer in mice. Oncogene 2022; 41:3423-3432. [PMID: 35577980 PMCID: PMC10039451 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02348-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that Nrf2E79Q/+ is one of the most common mutations found in human tumors. To elucidate how this genetic change contributes to lung cancer, we compared lung tumor development in a genetically-engineered mouse model (GEMM) with dual Trp53/p16 loss, the most common mutations found in human lung tumors, in the presence or absence of Nrf2E79Q/+. Trp53/p16-deficient mice developed combined-small cell lung cancer (C-SCLC), a mixture of pure-SCLC (P-SCLC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Mice possessing the LSL-Nrf2E79Q mutation showed no difference in the incidence or latency of C-SCLC compared with Nrf2+/+ mice. However, these tumors did not express NRF2 despite Cre-induced recombination of the LSL-Nrf2E79Q allele. Trp53/p16-deficient mice also developed P-SCLC, where activation of the NRF2E79Q mutation associated with a higher incidence of this tumor type. All C-SCLCs and P-SCLCs were positive for NE-markers, NKX1-2 (a lung cancer marker) and negative for P63 (a squamous cell marker), while only P-SCLC expressed NRF2 by immunohistochemistry. Analysis of a consensus NRF2 pathway signature in human NE+-lung tumors showed variable activation of NRF2 signaling. Our study characterizes the first GEMM that develops C-SCLC, a poorly-studied human cancer and implicates a role for NRF2 activation in SCLC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samera H Hamad
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie A Montgomery
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jeremy M Simon
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brittany M Bowman
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kyle B Spainhower
- Department of Oncological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ryan M Murphy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Erik S Knudsen
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Suzanne E Fenton
- Division of National Toxicology Program, NIEHS/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Scott H Randell
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jeremiah R Holt
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - D Neil Hayes
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - M Ben Major
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Bernard E Weissman
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a rapidly growing, highly metastatic, and relatively immune-cold lung cancer subtype. Historically viewed in the laboratory and clinic as a single disease, new discoveries suggest that SCLC comprises multiple molecular subsets. Expression of MYC family members and lineage-related transcription factors ASCL1, NEUROD1, and POU2F3 (and, in some studies, YAP1) define unique molecular states that have been associated with distinct responses to a variety of therapies. However, SCLC tumors exhibit a high degree of intratumoral heterogeneity, with recent studies suggesting the existence of tumor cell plasticity and phenotypic switching between subtype states. While SCLC plasticity is correlated with, and likely drives, therapeutic resistance, the mechanisms underlying this plasticity are still largely unknown. Subtype states are also associated with immune-related gene expression, which likely impacts response to immune checkpoint blockade and may reveal novel targets for alternative immunotherapeutic approaches. In this review, we synthesize recent discoveries on the mechanisms of SCLC plasticity and how these processes may impinge on antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate D Sutherland
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation (ACRF) Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Abbie S Ireland
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Ciampricotti M, Karakousi T, Richards AL, Quintanal-Villalonga À, Karatza A, Caeser R, Costa EA, Allaj V, Manoj P, Spainhower KB, Kombak FE, Sanchez-Rivera FJ, Jaspers JE, Zavitsanou AM, Maddalo D, Ventura A, Rideout WM, Akama-Garren EH, Jacks T, Donoghue MTA, Sen T, Oliver TG, Poirier JT, Papagiannakopoulos T, Rudin CM. Rlf-Mycl Gene Fusion Drives Tumorigenesis and Metastasis in a Mouse Model of Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:3214-3229. [PMID: 34344693 PMCID: PMC8810895 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has limited therapeutic options and an exceptionally poor prognosis. Understanding the oncogenic drivers of SCLC may help define novel therapeutic targets. Recurrent genomic rearrangements have been identified in SCLC, most notably an in-frame gene fusion between RLF and MYCL found in up to 7% of the predominant ASCL1-expressing subtype. To explore the role of this fusion in oncogenesis and tumor progression, we used CRISPR/Cas9 somatic editing to generate a Rlf-Mycl-driven mouse model of SCLC. RLF-MYCL fusion accelerated transformation and proliferation of murine SCLC and increased metastatic dissemination and the diversity of metastatic sites. Tumors from the RLF-MYCL genetically engineered mouse model displayed gene expression similarities with human RLF-MYCL SCLC. Together, our studies support RLF-MYCL as the first demonstrated fusion oncogenic driver in SCLC and provide a new preclinical mouse model for the study of this subtype of SCLC. SIGNIFICANCE The biological and therapeutic implications of gene fusions in SCLC, an aggressive metastatic lung cancer, are unknown. Our study investigates the functional significance of the in-frame RLF-MYCL gene fusion by developing a Rlf-Mycl-driven genetically engineered mouse model and defining the impact on tumor growth and metastasis. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2945.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metamia Ciampricotti
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Triantafyllia Karakousi
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Allison L Richards
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Àlvaro Quintanal-Villalonga
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angeliki Karatza
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca Caeser
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily A Costa
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Viola Allaj
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Parvathy Manoj
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kyle B Spainhower
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Faruk E Kombak
- Precision Pathology Biobanking Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Francisco J Sanchez-Rivera
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Janneke E Jaspers
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Danilo Maddalo
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Current address: Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Ventura
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William M Rideout
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elliot H Akama-Garren
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tyler Jacks
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mark T A Donoghue
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Triparna Sen
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - John T Poirier
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thales Papagiannakopoulos
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Lead contact
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Cargill KR, Stewart CA, Park EM, Ramkumar K, Gay CM, Cardnell RJ, Wang Q, Diao L, Shen L, Fan YH, Chan WK, Lorenzi PL, Oliver TG, Wang J, Byers LA. Targeting MYC-enhanced glycolysis for the treatment of small cell lung cancer. Cancer Metab 2021; 9:33. [PMID: 34556188 PMCID: PMC8461854 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-021-00270-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The transcription factor MYC is overexpressed in 30% of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumors and is known to modulate the balance between two major pathways of metabolism: glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration. This duality of MYC underscores the importance of further investigation into its role in SCLC metabolism and could lead to insights into metabolic targeting approaches. Methods We investigated differences in metabolic pathways in transcriptional and metabolomics datasets based on cMYC expression in patient and cell line samples. Metabolic pathway utilization was evaluated by flow cytometry and Seahorse extracellular flux methodology. Glycolysis inhibition was evaluated in vitro and in vivo using PFK158, a small molecular inhibitor of PFKFB3. Results MYC-overexpressing SCLC patient samples and cell lines exhibited increased glycolysis gene expression directly mediated by MYC. Further, MYC-overexpressing cell lines displayed enhanced glycolysis consistent with the Warburg effect, while cell lines with low MYC expression appeared more reliant on oxidative metabolism. Inhibition of glycolysis with PFK158 preferentially attenuated glucose uptake, ATP production, and lactate in MYC-overexpressing cell lines. Treatment with PFK158 in xenografts delayed tumor growth and decreased glycolysis gene expression. Conclusions Our study highlights an in-depth characterization of SCLC metabolic programming and presents glycolysis as a targetable mechanism downstream of MYC that could offer therapeutic benefit in a subset of SCLC patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40170-021-00270-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasey R Cargill
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C Allison Stewart
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Park
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kavya Ramkumar
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carl M Gay
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert J Cardnell
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lixia Diao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - You-Hong Fan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wai Kin Chan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren A Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Banasek JT, Oliver TG, Cordaro SW, Bott-Suzuki SC. Free space Thomson scattering to study high energy density shocks. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:093503. [PMID: 34598492 DOI: 10.1063/5.0048615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A free space collective Thomson scattering system has been developed to study pulsed power produced plasmas. While most Thomson scattering diagnostics on pulsed power machines use a bundle of fibers to couple scattered light from the plasma to the spectrometer, this system used free space coupling of the light, which enabled a spatially continuous image of the plasma. Initial experiments with this diagnostic were performed on an inverse wire array generated by a 200 kA, 1100 ns rise time pulse power generator. The capabilities of this diagnostic were demonstrated by using the low frequency ion acoustic wave feature of the Thomson scattering spectra to measure the plasma flow velocity. The diagnostic was demonstrated to measure velocities between 20 and 40 km/s with an error of 4.7 km/s when fitting with a 600 μm spatial resolution or 8.9 km/s when fitting with a 150 μm spatial resolution. In some experiments, the diagnostic observed a bow shock in the plasma flow as the scattering intensity increased and flow velocity decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Banasek
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - T G Oliver
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - S W Cordaro
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - S C Bott-Suzuki
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity was traditionally considered in the genetic terms, but it has now been broadened into many more facets. These facets represent a challenge in our understanding of cancer etiology but also provide opportunity for us to understand prognosis and therapy response.
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Olsen RR, Ireland AS, Kastner DW, Groves SM, Spainhower KB, Pozo K, Kelenis DP, Whitney CP, Guthrie MR, Wait SJ, Soltero D, Witt BL, Quaranta V, Johnson JE, Oliver TG. ASCL1 represses a SOX9 + neural crest stem-like state in small cell lung cancer. Genes Dev 2021; 35:847-869. [PMID: 34016693 PMCID: PMC8168563 DOI: 10.1101/gad.348295.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
ASCL1 is a neuroendocrine lineage-specific oncogenic driver of small cell lung cancer (SCLC), highly expressed in a significant fraction of tumors. However, ∼25% of human SCLC are ASCL1-low and associated with low neuroendocrine fate and high MYC expression. Using genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs), we show that alterations in Rb1/Trp53/Myc in the mouse lung induce an ASCL1+ state of SCLC in multiple cells of origin. Genetic depletion of ASCL1 in MYC-driven SCLC dramatically inhibits tumor initiation and progression to the NEUROD1+ subtype of SCLC. Surprisingly, ASCL1 loss promotes a SOX9+ mesenchymal/neural crest stem-like state and the emergence of osteosarcoma and chondroid tumors, whose propensity is impacted by cell of origin. ASCL1 is critical for expression of key lineage-related transcription factors NKX2-1, FOXA2, and INSM1 and represses genes involved in the Hippo/Wnt/Notch developmental pathways in vivo. Importantly, ASCL1 represses a SOX9/RUNX1/RUNX2 program in vivo and SOX9 expression in human SCLC cells, suggesting a conserved function for ASCL1. Together, in a MYC-driven SCLC model, ASCL1 promotes neuroendocrine fate and represses the emergence of a SOX9+ nonendodermal stem-like fate that resembles neural crest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle R Olsen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Abbie S Ireland
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - David W Kastner
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Sarah M Groves
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, USA
| | - Kyle B Spainhower
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Karine Pozo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Demetra P Kelenis
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Christopher P Whitney
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Matthew R Guthrie
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Sarah J Wait
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Danny Soltero
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Benjamin L Witt
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- ARUP Laboratories at University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA
| | - Vito Quaranta
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, USA
| | - Jane E Johnson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Puri S, Naqash AR, Elliott A, Kerrigan KC, Patel SB, Seeber A, Kocher F, UPRETY DIPESH, Mamdani H, Kulkarni A, Lopes G, Halmos B, Borghaei H, Akerley WL, Liu SV, Korn WM, Oliver TG, Owonikoko TK. Real-world multiomic characterization of small cell lung cancer subtypes to reveal differential expression of clinically relevant biomarkers. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.8508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
8508 Background: The dominant expression of four lineage-defining transcription factors ( ASCL1, NEUROD1, YAP1, or POU2F3) has enabled the classification of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) into four subtypes (SCLC-A/N/Y/P, respectively). Emerging evidence suggests that YAP1 expression is associated with a T-cell inflamed phenotype, and SCLC has significant intra-tumor heterogeneity mediated by MYC-driven activation of NOTCH signaling. We performed a large-scale analysis of real-world SCLC patient samples to examine the expression of clinically relevant biomarkers across SCLC subtypes. Methods: Comprehensive molecular profiling of 437 small cell lung neuroendocrine tumors (including 7.3% high-grade neuroendocrine lung carcinomas) was performed using next-generation DNA sequencing (592-gene panel), RNA sequencing (whole transcriptome), and immunohistochemistry at Caris Life Sciences (Phoenix, AZ). Tumors were stratified into 5 subgroups (SCLC-A/N/Y/P and -mixed) based on the relative expression of the four transcription factors. RNA expression of key genes and previously validated immune signatures (T-cell inflamed, NK cell, and STING pathway signatures) were evaluated across subgroups. Significance was tested by Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, or Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Median age of the study cohort was 66 years (IQR: 59-72) and 50.6% of patients were female. The majority (67.3%) of samples were derived from metastatic sites. Stratification of tumors by expression resulted in 35.7% SCLC-A, 17.6% SCLC-N, 21.1% SCLC-Y, 6.4% SCLC-P, and 19.2% SCLC-mixed samples. Compared to tumors from metastatic sites, YAP1 expression was significantly increased (p < 0.001) in primary tumors. Amongst the 14 tumors obtained from the CNS, SCLC-N (36%, n = 5) was the most common subtype identified. dMMR/MSI-high (negative MMR protein expression/ ≥46 altered loci per tumor) was rare overall (0.5%, n = 2); TMB (median of 9-10 mut/Mb) was similar between the SCLC subtypes. SCLC-Y was associated with the highest expression of T-cell inflamed, NK cell and STING pathway signatures (p < 0.0001 each). MYC and NOTCH gene expression ( NOTCH1/2/3/4) strongly correlated with YAP1 expression. Analysis of co-mutations revealed that EGFR-sensitizing mutations (L858R and Exon 19 deletions) were recurrent (5.2%, n = 4) in SCLC-N tumors. The expression of SNF11, SSTR2, and MYC varied significantly among SCLC subtypes (p < 0.001 each), with the highest median expression of SNF11 and SSTR2 observed in SCLC-N, while MYC expression was highest in SCLC-P. Conclusions: Our analysis represents the largest real-world dataset of human SCLC tumors profiled by whole transcriptomic sequencing. The differential expression of immune genes and predictive biomarkers across SCLC subtypes may inform therapeutic vulnerabilities for rational and personalized treatment approaches in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Puri
- Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Abdul Rafeh Naqash
- Developmental Therapeutics Clinic/Early Clinical Trials Development Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Shiven B. Patel
- Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Andreas Seeber
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Kocher
- Department of Internal Medicin V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Gilberto Lopes
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Balazs Halmos
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | | | | | - Stephen V. Liu
- Georgetown University, Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | | | - Trudy G. Oliver
- Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
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17
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Huang F, Huffman KE, Wang Z, Wang X, Li K, Cai F, Yang C, Cai L, Shih TS, Zacharias LG, Chung A, Yang Q, Chalishazar MD, Ireland AS, Stewart CA, Cargill K, Girard L, Liu Y, Ni M, Xu J, Wu X, Zhu H, Drapkin B, Byers LA, Oliver TG, Gazdar AF, Minna JD, DeBerardinis RJ. Guanosine triphosphate links MYC-dependent metabolic and ribosome programs in small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:139929. [PMID: 33079728 PMCID: PMC7773395 DOI: 10.1172/jci139929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MYC stimulates both metabolism and protein synthesis, but how cells coordinate these complementary programs is unknown. Previous work reported that, in a subset of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines, MYC activates guanosine triphosphate (GTP) synthesis and results in sensitivity to inhibitors of the GTP synthesis enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH). Here, we demonstrated that primary MYChi human SCLC tumors also contained abundant guanosine nucleotides. We also found that elevated MYC in SCLCs with acquired chemoresistance rendered these otherwise recalcitrant tumors dependent on IMPDH. Unexpectedly, our data indicated that IMPDH linked the metabolic and protein synthesis outputs of oncogenic MYC. Coexpression analysis placed IMPDH within the MYC-driven ribosome program, and GTP depletion prevented RNA polymerase I (Pol I) from localizing to ribosomal DNA. Furthermore, the GTPases GPN1 and GPN3 were upregulated by MYC and directed Pol I to ribosomal DNA. Constitutively GTP-bound GPN1/3 mutants mitigated the effect of GTP depletion on Pol I, protecting chemoresistant SCLC cells from IMPDH inhibition. GTP therefore functioned as a metabolic gate tethering MYC-dependent ribosome biogenesis to nucleotide sufficiency through GPN1 and GPN3. IMPDH dependence is a targetable vulnerability in chemoresistant MYChi SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Huang
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
| | - Kenneth E. Huffman
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Zixi Wang
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
| | - Xun Wang
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
| | - Kailong Li
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
| | - Feng Cai
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
| | | | - Ling Cai
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, and
| | | | | | | | - Qian Yang
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Milind D. Chalishazar
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Abbie S. Ireland
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - C. Allison Stewart
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kasey Cargill
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Luc Girard
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Min Ni
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
| | - Jian Xu
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
| | - Xudong Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
| | - Benjamin Drapkin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Lauren A. Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Trudy G. Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Adi F. Gazdar
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - John D. Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Ralph J. DeBerardinis
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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18
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Tsabar M, Mock CS, Venkatachalam V, Reyes J, Karhohs KW, Oliver TG, Regev A, Jambhekar A, Lahav G. A Switch in p53 Dynamics Marks Cells That Escape from DSB-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108392. [PMID: 33176156 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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19
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Ireland AS, Micinski AM, Kastner DW, Guo B, Wait SJ, Spainhower KB, Conley CC, Chen OS, Guthrie MR, Soltero D, Qiao Y, Huang X, Tarapcsak S, Devarakonda S, Chalishazar MD, Gertz J, Moser JC, Marth G, Puri S, Witt BL, Spike BT, Oliver TG. Abstract PO-120: MYC drives temporal evolution of small cell lung cancer subtypes by reprogramming neuroendocrine fate. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.tumhet2020-po-120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine tumor that is treated clinically as a single disease with poor outcomes. However, SCLC is recently recognized to comprise multiple molecular subsets with unique therapeutic vulnerabilities. Four distinct subtypes of SCLC have been defined based on expression of lineage-related transcription factors: ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3 or YAP1. The origins of these subtypes remain unknown. We use mouse and human SCLC models with a time-series analysis of single-cell transcriptome profiling to reveal that the oncogene MYC drives the dynamic evolution of SCLC subtypes by activation of Notch signaling. MYC cooperates with Notch signaling to promote a temporal shift from an ASCL1-to-NEUROD1-to-YAP1-positive state from a neuroendocrine cell of origin, whereas MYC promotes POU2F3+ tumors from a distinct cell type. SCLC molecular subtypes are therefore not distinct, but rather represent dynamic stages of MYC-driven tumor evolution. Treatment-naive human SCLC exhibits intratumoral heterogeneity in SCLC subtypes, suggesting this dynamic evolution occurs in patient tumors. These findings demonstrate that genetics, cell of origin, and tumor cell plasticity determine SCLC subtype. Given the reported unique therapeutic vulnerabilities of each subtype, we postulate that SCLC tumors represent a “moving therapeutic target” that may require more general, combinatorial, or plasticity-directed therapeutic approaches to combat this transcriptional flexibility. We anticipate that molecular subsets of other cancer types may also represent dynamic stages of tumor evolution.
Citation Format: Abbie S. Ireland, Alexi M. Micinski, David W. Kastner, Bingqian Guo, Sarah J. Wait, Kyle B. Spainhower, Christopher C. Conley, Opal S. Chen, Matthew R. Guthrie, Danny Soltero, Yi Qiao, Xiaomeng Huang, Szabolcs Tarapcsak, Siddhartha Devarakonda, Milind D. Chalishazar, Jason Gertz, Justin C. Moser, Gabor Marth, Sonam Puri, Benjamin L. Witt, Benjamin T. Spike, Trudy G. Oliver. MYC drives temporal evolution of small cell lung cancer subtypes by reprogramming neuroendocrine fate [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Tumor Heterogeneity: From Single Cells to Clinical Impact; 2020 Sep 17-18. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(21 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-120.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi Qiao
- 1University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sonam Puri
- 1University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT,
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20
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Ireland AS, Micinski AM, Kastner DW, Guo B, Wait SJ, Spainhower KB, Conley CC, Chen OS, Guthrie MR, Soltero D, Qiao Y, Huang X, Tarapcsák S, Devarakonda S, Chalishazar MD, Gertz J, Moser JC, Marth G, Puri S, Witt BL, Spike BT, Oliver TG. MYC Drives Temporal Evolution of Small Cell Lung Cancer Subtypes by Reprogramming Neuroendocrine Fate. Cancer Cell 2020; 38:60-78.e12. [PMID: 32473656 PMCID: PMC7393942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a neuroendocrine tumor treated clinically as a single disease with poor outcomes. Distinct SCLC molecular subtypes have been defined based on expression of ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, or YAP1. Here, we use mouse and human models with a time-series single-cell transcriptome analysis to reveal that MYC drives dynamic evolution of SCLC subtypes. In neuroendocrine cells, MYC activates Notch to dedifferentiate tumor cells, promoting a temporal shift in SCLC from ASCL1+ to NEUROD1+ to YAP1+ states. MYC alternatively promotes POU2F3+ tumors from a distinct cell type. Human SCLC exhibits intratumoral subtype heterogeneity, suggesting that this dynamic evolution occurs in patient tumors. These findings suggest that genetics, cell of origin, and tumor cell plasticity determine SCLC subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbie S Ireland
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Alexi M Micinski
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - David W Kastner
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Bingqian Guo
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sarah J Wait
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Kyle B Spainhower
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Christopher C Conley
- Huntsman Cancer Institute Bioinformatic Analysis Shared Resource, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Opal S Chen
- Huntsman Cancer Institute High-Throughput Genomics Shared Resource, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Matthew R Guthrie
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Danny Soltero
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Yi Qiao
- Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Huang
- Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Szabolcs Tarapcsák
- Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Siddhartha Devarakonda
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Milind D Chalishazar
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jason Gertz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Justin C Moser
- HonorHealth Research Institute, Scottsdale, AZ 85254, USA
| | - Gabor Marth
- Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sonam Puri
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Benjamin L Witt
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; ARUP Laboratories at University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Benjamin T Spike
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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21
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Stewart CA, Gay CM, Xi Y, Sivajothi S, Sivakamasundari V, Fujimoto J, Bolisetty M, Hartsfield PM, Balasubramaniyan V, Chalishazar MD, Moran C, Kalhor N, Stewart J, Tran H, Swisher SG, Roth JA, Zhang J, de Groot J, Glisson B, Oliver TG, Heymach JV, Wistuba I, Robson P, Wang J, Byers LA. Single-cell analyses reveal increased intratumoral heterogeneity after the onset of therapy resistance in small-cell lung cancer. Nat Cancer 2020; 1:423-436. [PMID: 33521652 PMCID: PMC7842382 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-019-0020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The natural history of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) includes rapid evolution from chemosensitivity to chemoresistance, although mechanisms underlying this evolution remain obscure due to scarcity of post-relapse tissue samples. We generated circulating tumor cell (CTC)-derived xenografts (CDXs) from SCLC patients to study intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) via single-cell RNAseq of chemo-sensitive and -resistant CDXs and patient CTCs. We found globally increased ITH including heterogeneous expression of therapeutic targets and potential resistance pathways, such as EMT, between cellular subpopulations following treatment-resistance. Similarly, serial profiling of patient CTCs directly from blood confirmed increased ITH post-relapse. These data suggest that treatment-resistance in SCLC is characterized by coexisting subpopulations of cells with heterogeneous gene expression leading to multiple, concurrent resistance mechanisms. These findings emphasize the need for clinical efforts to focus on rational combination therapies for treatment-naïve SCLC tumors to maximize initial responses and counteract the emergence of ITH and diverse resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Allison Stewart
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carl M Gay
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuanxin Xi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Junya Fujimoto
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mohan Bolisetty
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Patrice M Hartsfield
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Milind D Chalishazar
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Cesar Moran
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neda Kalhor
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John Stewart
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hai Tran
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen G Swisher
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jack A Roth
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John de Groot
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bonnie Glisson
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ignacio Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul Robson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren Averett Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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22
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Poirier JT, George J, Owonikoko TK, Berns A, Brambilla E, Byers LA, Carbone D, Chen HJ, Christensen CL, Dive C, Farago AF, Govindan R, Hann C, Hellmann MD, Horn L, Johnson JE, Ju YS, Kang S, Krasnow M, Lee J, Lee SH, Lehman J, Lok B, Lovly C, MacPherson D, McFadden D, Minna J, Oser M, Park K, Park KS, Pommier Y, Quaranta V, Ready N, Sage J, Scagliotti G, Sos ML, Sutherland KD, Travis WD, Vakoc CR, Wait SJ, Wistuba I, Wong KK, Zhang H, Daigneault J, Wiens J, Rudin CM, Oliver TG. New Approaches to SCLC Therapy: From the Laboratory to the Clinic. J Thorac Oncol 2020; 15:520-540. [PMID: 32018053 PMCID: PMC7263769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The outcomes of patients with SCLC have not yet been substantially impacted by the revolution in precision oncology, primarily owing to a paucity of genetic alterations in actionable driver oncogenes. Nevertheless, systemic therapies that include immunotherapy are beginning to show promise in the clinic. Although, these results are encouraging, many patients do not respond to, or rapidly recur after, current regimens, necessitating alternative or complementary therapeutic strategies. In this review, we discuss ongoing investigations into the pathobiology of this recalcitrant cancer and the therapeutic vulnerabilities that are exposed by the disease state. Included within this discussion, is a snapshot of the current biomarker and clinical trial landscapes for SCLC. Finally, we identify key knowledge gaps that should be addressed to advance the field in pursuit of reduced SCLC mortality. This review largely summarizes work presented at the Third Biennial International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer SCLC Meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Poirier
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Julie George
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne Germany
| | | | - Anton Berns
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Caroline Dive
- Cancer Research United Kingdom, Manchester Institute, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Anna F Farago
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Christine Hann
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Leora Horn
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | | | - Sumin Kang
- Emory University, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mark Krasnow
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - James Lee
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Benjamin Lok
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - John Minna
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Matthew Oser
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Keunchil Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Yves Pommier
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Julien Sage
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Martin L Sos
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne Germany; Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kate D Sutherland
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | | | | | - Sarah J Wait
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Kwok Kin Wong
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Hua Zhang
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Jillian Daigneault
- International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jacinta Wiens
- International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | - Trudy G Oliver
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
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23
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Melnikova M, Wauer US, Mendus D, Hilger RA, Oliver TG, Mercer K, Gohlke BO, Erdmann K, Niederacher D, Neubauer H, Buderath P, Wimberger P, Kuhlmann JD, Thomale J. Diphenhydramine increases the therapeutic window for platinum drugs by simultaneously sensitizing tumor cells and protecting normal cells. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:686-703. [PMID: 32037720 PMCID: PMC7138396 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based compounds remain a well-established chemotherapy for cancer treatment despite their adverse effects which substantially restrict the therapeutic windows of the drugs. Both the cell type-specific toxicity and the clinical responsiveness of tumors have been associated with mechanisms that alter drug entry and export. We sought to identify pharmacological agents that promote cisplatin (CP) efficacy by augmenting the levels of drug-induced DNA lesions in malignant cells and simultaneously protecting normal tissues from accumulating such damage and from functional loss. Formation and persistence of platination products in the DNA of individual nuclei were measured in drug-exposed cell lines, in primary human tumor cells and in tissue sections using an immunocytochemical method. Using a mouse model of CP-induced toxicity, the antihistaminic drug diphenhydramine (DIPH) and two methylated derivatives decreased DNA platination in normal tissues and also ameliorated nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and neurotoxicity. In addition, DIPH sensitized multiple cancer cell types, particularly ovarian cancer cells, to CP by increasing intracellular uptake, DNA platination, and/or apoptosis in cell lines and in patient-derived primary tumor cells. Mechanistically, DIPH diminished transport capacity of CP efflux pumps MRP2, MRP3, and MRP5 particularly in its C2+C6 bimethylated form. Overall, we demonstrate that DIPH reduces side effects of platinum-based chemotherapy and simultaneously inhibits key mechanisms of platinum resistance. We propose that measuring DNA platination after ex vivo exposure may predict the responsiveness of individual tumors to DIPH-like modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Melnikova
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, Germany
| | - Ulrike Sophie Wauer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Diana Mendus
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, Germany
| | | | - Trudy G Oliver
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kim Mercer
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Björn Oliver Gohlke
- Structural Bioinformatics Group, Institute for Physiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Germany
| | - Kati Erdmann
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans Neubauer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Paul Buderath
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | - Pauline Wimberger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Dominik Kuhlmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Thomale
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, Germany
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24
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Cable J, Finley L, Tu BP, Patti GJ, Oliver TG, Vardhana S, Mana M, Ericksen R, Khare S, DeBerardinis R, Stockwell BR, Edinger A, Haigis M, Kaelin W. Leveraging insights into cancer metabolism-a symposium report. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1462:5-13. [PMID: 31792987 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells have devised unique metabolic strategies to garner enough nutrients to sustain continuous growth and cell division. Oncogenic mutations may alter metabolic pathways to unlock new sources of energy, and cells take the advantage of various scavenging pathways to ingest material from their environment. These changes in metabolism result in a metabolic profile that, in addition to providing the building blocks for macromolecules, can also influence cell signaling pathways to promote tumor initiation and progression. Understanding what pathways tumor cells use to synthesize the materials necessary to support metabolic growth can pave the way for new cancer therapeutics. Potential strategies include depriving tumors of the materials needed to grow or targeting pathways involved in dependencies that arise by virtue of their altered metabolis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lydia Finley
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Benjamin P Tu
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Gary J Patti
- Departments of Chemistry and Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Santosha Vardhana
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Miyeko Mana
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Russell Ericksen
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sanika Khare
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ralph DeBerardinis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Children's Medical Center Research Institute, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Brent R Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Aimee Edinger
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Marcia Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - William Kaelin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland
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25
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Dammert MA, Brägelmann J, Olsen RR, Böhm S, Monhasery N, Whitney CP, Chalishazar MD, Tumbrink HL, Guthrie MR, Klein S, Ireland AS, Ryan J, Schmitt A, Marx A, Ozretić L, Castiglione R, Lorenz C, Jachimowicz RD, Wolf E, Thomas RK, Poirier JT, Büttner R, Sen T, Byers LA, Reinhardt HC, Letai A, Oliver TG, Sos ML. MYC paralog-dependent apoptotic priming orchestrates a spectrum of vulnerabilities in small cell lung cancer. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3485. [PMID: 31375684 PMCID: PMC6677768 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11371-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MYC paralogs are frequently activated in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) but represent poor drug targets. Thus, a detailed mapping of MYC-paralog-specific vulnerabilities may help to develop effective therapies for SCLC patients. Using a unique cellular CRISPR activation model, we uncover that, in contrast to MYCN and MYCL, MYC represses BCL2 transcription via interaction with MIZ1 and DNMT3a. The resulting lack of BCL2 expression promotes sensitivity to cell cycle control inhibition and dependency on MCL1. Furthermore, MYC activation leads to heightened apoptotic priming, intrinsic genotoxic stress and susceptibility to DNA damage checkpoint inhibitors. Finally, combined AURK and CHK1 inhibition substantially prolongs the survival of mice bearing MYC-driven SCLC beyond that of combination chemotherapy. These analyses uncover MYC-paralog-specific regulation of the apoptotic machinery with implications for genotype-based selection of targeted therapeutics in SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A Dammert
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johannes Brägelmann
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Else Kröner Forschungskolleg Clonal Evolution in Cancer, University Hospital Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rachelle R Olsen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Stefanie Böhm
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Niloufar Monhasery
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christopher P Whitney
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Milind D Chalishazar
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Hannah L Tumbrink
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthew R Guthrie
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Sebastian Klein
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Else Kröner Forschungskolleg Clonal Evolution in Cancer, University Hospital Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Abbie S Ireland
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Jeremy Ryan
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Anna Schmitt
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Annika Marx
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Luka Ozretić
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Free Hospital, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Roberta Castiglione
- Else Kröner Forschungskolleg Clonal Evolution in Cancer, University Hospital Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carina Lorenz
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ron D Jachimowicz
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elmar Wolf
- Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Roman K Thomas
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - John T Poirier
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Triparna Sen
- Department of Thoracic and Head & Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lauren A Byers
- Department of Thoracic and Head & Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - H Christian Reinhardt
- Else Kröner Forschungskolleg Clonal Evolution in Cancer, University Hospital Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anthony Letai
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Martin L Sos
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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26
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Rudin CM, Poirier JT, Byers LA, Dive C, Dowlati A, George J, Heymach JV, Johnson JE, Lehman JM, MacPherson D, Massion PP, Minna JD, Oliver TG, Quaranta V, Sage J, Thomas RK, Vakoc CR, Gazdar AF. Author Correction: Molecular subtypes of small cell lung cancer: a synthesis of human and mouse model data. Nat Rev Cancer 2019; 19:415. [PMID: 31175338 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-019-0164-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John T Poirier
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jane E Johnson
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - John D Minna
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Vito Quaranta
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Adi F Gazdar
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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27
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Stewart CA, Gay CM, Xi Y, Fujimoto J, Kalhor N, Hartsfield PM, Tran H, Fernandez L, Lu D, Wang Y, Dittamore R, Zhang J, Swisher SG, Roth JA, Oliver TG, Heymach JV, Wistuba II, Glisson BS, Robson P, Wang J, Byers LA. Abstract 2899: Single-cell analyses reveal increasing intratumoral heterogeneity as an essential component of treatment resistance in small cell lung cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-2899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy characterized by rapid onset of platinum-resistance. However, mechanisms underlying platinum-resistance remain obscure due to scarcity of tissue samples from relapsed patients. We generated circulating tumor cell (CTC)-derived xenograft (CDX) models from SCLC patients that recapitulate patient tumor genomics and response to platinum chemotherapy. Little is known about whether intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) exists in SCLC and how it may contribute to clinical outcomes and development of treatment resistance. To investigate this, we performed baseline single-cell RNAseq analyses of platinum-sensitive and -resistant CDX models, as well as longitudinal single-cell RNAseq analyses of CDX models and patient CTCs over the course of therapy. Within each CDX model, we observe not only increased ITH with resistance (variance-based metric, P=0.018), but distinct cellular populations with unique gene signatures associated with resistance (e.g. EMT, DNA damage repair, MYC activation, etc.). To confirm this relationship between ITH and resistance, platinum-sensitive CDX models were subjected to extended treatment with DNA damage response targeted therapies until relapse occurred. Single-cell RNAseq confirmed that, as predicted, untreated tumors were molecularly homogeneous, while relapse was associated with increased ITH and multiple, concurrent mechanisms of resistance, including TGF beta signaling and G2/M checkpoints. Unexpectedly, we found variations in the mechanisms of resistance within replicate treatment-relapsed mice, suggesting that resistance even to molecularly targeted therapies does not follow a predictable, reproducible pathway. For example, onset of resistance to a PARP inhibitor resulted in upregulation of NOTCH signaling in one tumor, but not others. Similarly, longitudinal single-cell profiling of CTCs directly from patient blood before, during, and after platinum-relapse confirmed increased ITH post-relapse accompanying unique mechanisms of resistance within specific cell populations (e.g., MYC activation, EMT, and TNFα signaling). We independently found ITH of protein expression (e.g., SLFN11, EZH2, EMT) in CTCs isolated from patient blood, signifying a method for measuring ITH clinically. These data suggest that treatment resistance in SCLC entails a fluid process of shifting expression profiles to generate an increasingly heterogeneous tumor with multiple, disparate mechanisms of resistance. Clinically, these findings imply that drug development efforts in this disease should focus on combination or maintenance therapies for treatment-naïve SCLC tumors to maximize depth of initial responses and delay the onset of resistance defined by ITH.
Citation Format: C. Allison Stewart, Carl M. Gay, Yuanxin Xi, Junya Fujimoto, Neda Kalhor, Patrice M. Hartsfield, Hai Tran, Luisa Fernandez, David Lu, Yipeng Wang, Ryan Dittamore, Jianjun Zhang, Stephen G. Swisher, Jack A. Roth, Trudy G. Oliver, John V. Heymach, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Bonnie S. Glisson, Paul Robson, Jing Wang, Lauren A. Byers. Single-cell analyses reveal increasing intratumoral heterogeneity as an essential component of treatment resistance in small cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2899.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carl M. Gay
- 1University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yuanxin Xi
- 1University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Junya Fujimoto
- 1University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Neda Kalhor
- 1University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Hai Tran
- 1University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | - Jianjun Zhang
- 1University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Jack A. Roth
- 1University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Trudy G. Oliver
- 3University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - John V. Heymach
- 1University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | - Jing Wang
- 1University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Lauren A. Byers
- 1University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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28
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Chalishazar MD, Wait SJ, Huang F, Ireland AS, Mukhopadhyay A, Lee Y, Schuman SS, Guthrie MR, Berrett KC, Vahrenkamp JM, Hu Z, Kudla M, Modzelewska K, Wang G, Ingolia NT, Gertz J, Lum DH, Cosulich SC, Bomalaski JS, DeBerardinis RJ, Oliver TG. MYC-Driven Small-Cell Lung Cancer is Metabolically Distinct and Vulnerable to Arginine Depletion. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:5107-5121. [PMID: 31164374 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-4140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been treated clinically as a homogeneous disease, but recent discoveries suggest that SCLC is heterogeneous. Whether metabolic differences exist among SCLC subtypes is largely unexplored. In this study, we aimed to determine whether metabolic vulnerabilities exist between SCLC subtypes that can be therapeutically exploited. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed steady state metabolomics on tumors isolated from distinct genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) representing the MYC- and MYCL-driven subtypes of SCLC. Using genetic and pharmacologic approaches, we validated our findings in chemo-naïve and -resistant human SCLC cell lines, multiple GEMMs, four human cell line xenografts, and four newly derived PDX models. RESULTS We discover that SCLC subtypes driven by different MYC family members have distinct metabolic profiles. MYC-driven SCLC preferentially depends on arginine-regulated pathways including polyamine biosynthesis and mTOR pathway activation. Chemo-resistant SCLC cells exhibit increased MYC expression and similar metabolic liabilities as chemo-naïve MYC-driven cells. Arginine depletion with pegylated arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG 20) dramatically suppresses tumor growth and promotes survival of mice specifically with MYC-driven tumors, including in GEMMs, human cell line xenografts, and a patient-derived xenograft from a relapsed patient. Finally, ADI-PEG 20 is significantly more effective than the standard-of-care chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS These data identify metabolic heterogeneity within SCLC and suggest arginine deprivation as a subtype-specific therapeutic vulnerability for MYC-driven SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milind D Chalishazar
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Sarah J Wait
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Fang Huang
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Abbie S Ireland
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Anandaroop Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Younjee Lee
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Sophia S Schuman
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Matthew R Guthrie
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kristofer C Berrett
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jeffery M Vahrenkamp
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Zeping Hu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Marek Kudla
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Katarzyna Modzelewska
- Preclinical Research Resource, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Guoying Wang
- Preclinical Research Resource, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Nicholas T Ingolia
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Jason Gertz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - David H Lum
- Preclinical Research Resource, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Sabina C Cosulich
- Bioscience Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Department of Pediatrics and Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah.
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29
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Abstract
A recent study in Nature (Szczerba et al. 2019;566:553-557) reports that the association of neutrophils with circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood of patients with breast cancer can promote CTC proliferation and metastasis. These findings reveal a new mechanism by which the innate immune system may be co-opted to drive tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Guo
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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30
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Rudin CM, Poirier JT, Byers LA, Dive C, Dowlati A, George J, Heymach JV, Johnson JE, Lehman JM, MacPherson D, Massion PP, Minna JD, Oliver TG, Quaranta V, Sage J, Thomas RK, Vakoc CR, Gazdar AF. Molecular subtypes of small cell lung cancer: a synthesis of human and mouse model data. Nat Rev Cancer 2019; 19:289-297. [PMID: 30926931 PMCID: PMC6538259 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-019-0133-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 574] [Impact Index Per Article: 114.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an exceptionally lethal malignancy for which more effective therapies are urgently needed. Several lines of evidence, from SCLC primary human tumours, patient-derived xenografts, cancer cell lines and genetically engineered mouse models, appear to be converging on a new model of SCLC subtypes defined by differential expression of four key transcription regulators: achaete-scute homologue 1 (ASCL1; also known as ASH1), neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (NeuroD1), yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and POU class 2 homeobox 3 (POU2F3). In this Perspectives article, we review and synthesize these recent lines of evidence and propose a working nomenclature for SCLC subtypes defined by relative expression of these four factors. Defining the unique therapeutic vulnerabilities of these subtypes of SCLC should help to focus and accelerate therapeutic research, leading to rationally targeted approaches that may ultimately improve clinical outcomes for patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John T Poirier
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jane E Johnson
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - John D Minna
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Vito Quaranta
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Adi F Gazdar
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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31
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Mollaoglu G, Jones A, Wait SJ, Mukhopadhyay A, Jeong S, Arya R, Camolotto SA, Mosbruger TL, Stubben CJ, Conley CJ, Bhutkar A, Vahrenkamp JM, Berrett KC, Cessna MH, Lane TE, Witt BL, Salama ME, Gertz J, Jones KB, Snyder EL, Oliver TG. The Lineage-Defining Transcription Factors SOX2 and NKX2-1 Determine Lung Cancer Cell Fate and Shape the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Immunity 2019; 49:764-779.e9. [PMID: 30332632 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The major types of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma-have distinct immune microenvironments. We developed a genetic model of squamous NSCLC on the basis of overexpression of the transcription factor Sox2, which specifies lung basal cell fate, and loss of the tumor suppressor Lkb1 (SL mice). SL tumors recapitulated gene-expression and immune-infiltrate features of human squamous NSCLC; such features included enrichment of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) and decreased expression of NKX2-1, a transcriptional regulator that specifies alveolar cell fate. In Kras-driven adenocarcinomas, mis-expression of Sox2 or loss of Nkx2-1 led to TAN recruitment. TAN recruitment involved SOX2-mediated production of the chemokine CXCL5. Deletion of Nkx2-1 in SL mice (SNL) revealed that NKX2-1 suppresses SOX2-driven squamous tumorigenesis by repressing adeno-to-squamous transdifferentiation. Depletion of TANs in SNL mice reduced squamous tumors, suggesting that TANs foster squamous cell fate. Thus, lineage-defining transcription factors determine the tumor immune microenvironment, which in turn might impact the nature of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurkan Mollaoglu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Alex Jones
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sarah J Wait
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Anandaroop Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sangmin Jeong
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Rahul Arya
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | | | - Timothy L Mosbruger
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Chris J Stubben
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Christopher J Conley
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Arjun Bhutkar
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jeffery M Vahrenkamp
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Kristofer C Berrett
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Melissa H Cessna
- Intermountain Biorepository, Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT 84111, USA
| | - Thomas E Lane
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Benjamin L Witt
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; ARUP Laboratories at University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Mohamed E Salama
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; ARUP Laboratories at University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Jason Gertz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Kevin B Jones
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Eric L Snyder
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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Wagner AH, Devarakonda S, Skidmore ZL, Krysiak K, Ramu A, Trani L, Kunisaki J, Masood A, Waqar SN, Spies NC, Morgensztern D, Waligorski J, Ponce J, Fulton RS, Maggi LB, Weber JD, Watson MA, O'Conor CJ, Ritter JH, Olsen RR, Cheng H, Mukhopadhyay A, Can I, Cessna MH, Oliver TG, Mardis ER, Wilson RK, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Govindan R. Recurrent WNT pathway alterations are frequent in relapsed small cell lung cancer. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3787. [PMID: 30224629 PMCID: PMC6141466 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06162-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly all patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) eventually relapse with chemoresistant disease. The molecular mechanisms driving chemoresistance in SCLC remain un-characterized. Here, we describe whole-exome sequencing of paired SCLC tumor samples procured at diagnosis and relapse from 12 patients, and unpaired relapse samples from 18 additional patients. Multiple somatic copy number alterations, including gains in ABCC1 and deletions in MYCL, MSH2, and MSH6, are identifiable in relapsed samples. Relapse samples also exhibit recurrent mutations and loss of heterozygosity in regulators of WNT signaling, including CHD8 and APC. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data shows enrichment for an ASCL1-low expression subtype and WNT activation in relapse samples. Activation of WNT signaling in chemosensitive human SCLC cell lines through APC knockdown induces chemoresistance. Additionally, in vitro-derived chemoresistant cell lines demonstrate increased WNT activity. Overall, our results suggest WNT signaling activation as a mechanism of chemoresistance in relapsed SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex H Wagner
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Siddhartha Devarakonda
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Zachary L Skidmore
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Kilannin Krysiak
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Avinash Ramu
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Lee Trani
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Jason Kunisaki
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Ashiq Masood
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Saint Luke's Health System, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Saiama N Waqar
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nicholas C Spies
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Daniel Morgensztern
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jason Waligorski
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Jennifer Ponce
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Robert S Fulton
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Leonard B Maggi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- ICCE Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jason D Weber
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- ICCE Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Mark A Watson
- Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Christopher J O'Conor
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jon H Ritter
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Rachelle R Olsen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Haixia Cheng
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Anandaroop Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Ismail Can
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Melissa H Cessna
- Intermountain Healthcare BioRepository and Department of Pathology, Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Elaine R Mardis
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
- Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Richard K Wilson
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
- Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Malachi Griffith
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA.
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Obi L Griffith
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA.
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Ramaswamy Govindan
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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Mollaoglu G, Guthrie MR, Bohm S, Bragelmann J, Chalishazar MD, Ireland AS, Huang F, Hu Z, Cardnell RJ, Sen T, Gertz J, Johnson JE, Gazdar AF, Byers LA, DeBerardinis RJ, Wechsler-Reya RJ, Sos M, Oliver TG. Abstract IA27: MYC drives molecular and therapeutically distinct subtype of SCLC. Clin Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3265.aacriaslc18-ia27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has largely been treated in the clinic as a homogeneous disease for the last 40 years. However, it is become increasingly appreciated that SCLC exhibits both intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity. Genetic loss of the tumor suppressors RB1 and TP53 is nearly universal in SCLC, while amplifications in MYC family members including C-, L-, and N-MYC are mutually exclusive. Using genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs), we show that MycT58A expression cooperates with Rb1 and Trp53 loss in the mouse lung to promote aggressive, highly metastatic tumors that are initially sensitive to chemotherapy followed by relapse, similar to human SCLC. Importantly, MYC drives a neuroendocrine-low ‘‘variant’’ subset of SCLC with low ASCL1 and high NEUROD1 expression corresponding to transcriptional profiles of human SCLC. The MYC-driven subset of SCLC is also low for other clinically relevant biomarkers such as TTF1/NKX2.1 and DLL3. Targeted drug screening reveals that SCLC with high MYC expression is vulnerable to Aurora kinase inhibition, which, combined with chemotherapy, strongly suppresses tumor progression and increases survival. These findings are consistent with the results of recent clinical trials in patients with relapsed SCLC who received paclitaxel with or without the AURKA inhibitor alisertib. Furthermore, recent preclinical studies demonstrate that the MYC-driven subset of SCLC is preferentially sensitive to CHK1 inhibition and other metabolic targets compared to MYCL-driven SCLC. These data identify molecular features for patient stratification and uncover potential targeted treatment approaches for MYC-driven SCLC.
Citation Format: Gurkan Mollaoglu, Matthew R. Guthrie, Stefanie Bohm, Johannes Bragelmann, Milind D. Chalishazar, Abbie S. Ireland, Fang Huang, Zeping Hu, Robert J. Cardnell, Triparna Sen, Jason Gertz, Jane E. Johnson, Adi F. Gazdar, Lauren A. Byers, Ralph J. DeBerardinis, Robert J. Wechsler-Reya, Martin Sos, Trudy G. Oliver. MYC drives molecular and therapeutically distinct subtype of SCLC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR-IASLC International Joint Conference: Lung Cancer Translational Science from the Bench to the Clinic; Jan 8-11, 2018; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2018;24(17_Suppl):Abstract nr IA27.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurkan Mollaoglu
- 1Huntsman Cancer Institute at University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT,
| | | | | | | | | | - Abbie S. Ireland
- 1Huntsman Cancer Institute at University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT,
| | - Fang Huang
- 3University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX,
| | - Zeping Hu
- 3University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX,
| | | | - Triparna Sen
- 4The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX,
| | - Jason Gertz
- 1Huntsman Cancer Institute at University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT,
| | - Jane E. Johnson
- 3University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX,
| | - Adi F. Gazdar
- 3University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX,
| | - Lauren A. Byers
- 4The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX,
| | | | | | - Martin Sos
- 2University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,
| | - Trudy G. Oliver
- 1Huntsman Cancer Institute at University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT,
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Mollaoglu G, Jones A, Mukhopadhyay A, Gertz J, Jones K, Snyder E, Oliver TG. Abstract PR05: Lineage specifiers SOX2 and NKX2-1 inversely regulate lung tumor immune microenvironment. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.mousemodels17-pr05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is a critical effector of therapeutic response to diverse stimuli including immunotherapies. Lineage-specific drivers of cancer are known to dictate tumor differentiation and response to therapy, but how they influence the tumor immune microenvironment is largely unknown. SOX2 and NKX2-1 are critical regulators of lung development and cancer, with SOX2 amplifications associated with squamous lung cancer and NKX2-1 amplifications associated with lung adenocarcinoma. Here we employ and develop new genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of lung cancer to interrogate the impact of SOX2 and NKX2-1 on innate immune infiltration. Squamous and adenocarcinoma GEMMs accurately recapitulate features of their human counterparts, including an enrichment of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) specifically in squamous lung cancer. We show that SOX2 recruits TANs, whereas NKX2-1 suppresses TANs, in the absence of histopathologic changes. SOX2 and NKX2-1 inversely regulate the neutrophil chemoattractant, Cxcl5, which is also upregulated in human squamous lung tumors. Using a novel GEMM of squamous lung cancer with a rapid latency of 3-4 months, preliminary data suggest that neutrophils can regulate adeno- to squamous transdifferentiation in vivo. Together these data reveal how lineage specifiers influence the tumor immune microenvironment, which in turn may regulate cancer cell fate.
This abstract is also being presented as Poster B19.
Citation Format: Gurkan Mollaoglu, Alex Jones, Anandaroop Mukhopadhyay, Jason Gertz, Kevin Jones, Eric Snyder, Trudy G. Oliver. Lineage specifiers SOX2 and NKX2-1 inversely regulate lung tumor immune microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Modeling Cancer in Mice: Technology, Biology, and Beyond; 2017 Sep 24-27; Orlando, Florida. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(10 Suppl):Abstract nr PR05.
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Zhang W, Girard L, Zhang YA, Haruki T, Papari-Zareei M, Stastny V, Ghayee HK, Pacak K, Oliver TG, Minna JD, Gazdar AF. Small cell lung cancer tumors and preclinical models display heterogeneity of neuroendocrine phenotypes. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2018. [PMID: 29535911 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2018.02.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a deadly, high grade neuroendocrine (NE) tumor without recognized morphologic heterogeneity. However, over 30 years ago we described a SCLC subtype with "variant" morphology which did not express some NE markers and exhibited more aggressive growth. Methods To quantitate NE properties of SCLCs, we developed a 50-gene expression-based NE score that could be applied to human SCLC tumors and cell lines, and genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models. We identified high and low NE subtypes of SCLC in all of our sample types, and characterized their properties. Results We found that 16% of human SCLC tumors and 10% of SCLC cell lines were of the low NE subtype, as well as cell lines from the GEM model. High NE SCLC lines grew as non-adherent floating aggregates or spheroids while Low NE lines had morphologic features of the variant subtype and grew as loosely attached cells. While the high NE subtype expressed one of the NE lineage master transcription factors ASCL1 or NEUROD1, together with NKX2-1, the entire range of NE markers, and lacked expression of the neuronal and NE repressor REST, the low NE subtype had lost expression of most NE markers, ASCL1, NEUROD1 and NKX2-1 and expressed REST. The low NE subtype had undergone epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and had activated the Notch, Hippo and TGFβ pathways and MYC oncogene . Importantly, the high and low NE group of SCLC lines had similar gene expression profiles as their SCLC tumor counterparts. Conclusions SCLC tumors and cell lines can exhibit distinct inter-tumor heterogeneity with respect to expression of NE features. Loss of NE expression results in major alterations in morphology, growth characteristics, and molecular properties. These findings have major clinical implications as the two subtypes are predicted to have very different responses to targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Luc Girard
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yu-An Zhang
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tomohiro Haruki
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mahboubeh Papari-Zareei
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Victor Stastny
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hans K Ghayee
- University of Florida Health and Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Karel Pacak
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Huntsman Cancer Institute at University of Utah, Salk Lake City, UT, USA
| | - John D Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Adi F Gazdar
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Cardnell RJ, Li L, Sen T, Bara R, Tong P, Fujimoto J, Ireland AS, Guthrie MR, Bheddah S, Banerjee U, Kalu NN, Fan YH, Dylla SJ, Johnson FM, Wistuba II, Oliver TG, Heymach JV, Glisson BS, Wang J, Byers LA. Protein expression of TTF1 and cMYC define distinct molecular subgroups of small cell lung cancer with unique vulnerabilities to aurora kinase inhibition, DLL3 targeting, and other targeted therapies. Oncotarget 2017; 8:73419-73432. [PMID: 29088717 PMCID: PMC5650272 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant cancer for which no new treatments have been approved in over 30 years. While molecular subtyping now guides treatment selection for patients with non-small cell lung cancer and other cancers, SCLC is still treated as a single disease entity. Using model-based clustering, we found two major proteomic subtypes of SCLC characterized by either high thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF1)/low cMYC protein expression or high cMYC/low TTF1. Applying "drug target constellation" (DTECT) mapping, we further show that protein levels of TTF1 and cMYC predict response to targeted therapies including aurora kinase, Bcl2, and HSP90 inhibitors. Levels of TTF1 and DLL3 were also highly correlated in preclinical models and patient tumors. TTF1 (used in the diagnosis lung cancer) could therefore be used as a surrogate of DLL3 expression to identify patients who may respond to the DLL3 antibody-drug conjugate rovalpituzumab tesirine. These findings suggest that TTF1, cMYC or other protein markers identified here could be used to identify subgroups of SCLC patients who may respond preferentially to several emerging targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Cardnell
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lerong Li
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Triparna Sen
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rasha Bara
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pan Tong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Junya Fujimoto
- Department of Molecular Translational Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abbie S Ireland
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Matthew R Guthrie
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Upasana Banerjee
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nene N Kalu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - You-Hong Fan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Faye M Johnson
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Molecular Translational Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bonnie S Glisson
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lauren A Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the most deadly cancers and currently lacks effective targeted treatment options. Recent advances in the molecular characterization of SCLC has provided novel insight into the biology of this disease and raises hope for a paradigm shift in the treatment of SCLC. We and others have identified activation of MYC as a driver of susceptibility to Aurora kinase inhibition in SCLC cells and tumors that translates into a therapeutic option for the targeted treatment of MYC-driven SCLC. While MYC shares major features with its paralogs MYCN and MYCL, the sensitivity to Aurora kinase inhibitors is unique for MYC-driven SCLC. In this review, we will compare the distinct molecular features of the 3 MYC family members and address the potential implications for targeted therapy of SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Brägelmann
- a Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,b Department of Translational Genomics , Medical Faculty, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Stefanie Böhm
- a Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,b Department of Translational Genomics , Medical Faculty, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Matthew R Guthrie
- c Department of Oncological Sciences , University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute , Salt Lake City , UT , USA
| | - Gurkan Mollaoglu
- c Department of Oncological Sciences , University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute , Salt Lake City , UT , USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- c Department of Oncological Sciences , University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute , Salt Lake City , UT , USA
| | - Martin L Sos
- a Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,b Department of Translational Genomics , Medical Faculty, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,d Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
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38
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Mollaoglu G, Guthrie MR, Böhm S, Brägelmann J, Can I, Ballieu PM, Marx A, George J, Heinen C, Chalishazar MD, Cheng H, Ireland AS, Denning KE, Mukhopadhyay A, Vahrenkamp JM, Berrett KC, Mosbruger TL, Wang J, Kohan JL, Salama ME, Witt BL, Peifer M, Thomas RK, Gertz J, Johnson JE, Gazdar AF, Wechsler-Reya RJ, Sos ML, Oliver TG. MYC Drives Progression of Small Cell Lung Cancer to a Variant Neuroendocrine Subtype with Vulnerability to Aurora Kinase Inhibition. Cancer Cell 2017; 31:270-285. [PMID: 28089889 PMCID: PMC5310991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Loss of the tumor suppressors RB1 and TP53 and MYC amplification are frequent oncogenic events in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We show that Myc expression cooperates with Rb1 and Trp53 loss in the mouse lung to promote aggressive, highly metastatic tumors, that are initially sensitive to chemotherapy followed by relapse, similar to human SCLC. Importantly, MYC drives a neuroendocrine-low "variant" subset of SCLC with high NEUROD1 expression corresponding to transcriptional profiles of human SCLC. Targeted drug screening reveals that SCLC with high MYC expression is vulnerable to Aurora kinase inhibition, which, combined with chemotherapy, strongly suppresses tumor progression and increases survival. These data identify molecular features for patient stratification and uncover a potential targeted treatment approach for MYC-driven SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurkan Mollaoglu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Matthew R Guthrie
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Stefanie Böhm
- Molecular Pathology, Institute for Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Johannes Brägelmann
- Molecular Pathology, Institute for Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Ismail Can
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Paul M Ballieu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Annika Marx
- Molecular Pathology, Institute for Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Julie George
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christine Heinen
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Milind D Chalishazar
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Haixia Cheng
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Abbie S Ireland
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Kendall E Denning
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Anandaroop Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jeffery M Vahrenkamp
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Kristofer C Berrett
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Timothy L Mosbruger
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jessica L Kohan
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah and ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Mohamed E Salama
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah and ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Benjamin L Witt
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah and ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Martin Peifer
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman K Thomas
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Department of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jason Gertz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jane E Johnson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Adi F Gazdar
- Department of Pathology, Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Robert J Wechsler-Reya
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Martin L Sos
- Molecular Pathology, Institute for Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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Mukhopadhyay A, Mollaoglu G, Witt BL, Oliver TG. Sox2 cooperates with Lkb1 loss to promote squamous cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Mukhopadhyay A, Oliver TG. Mighty mouse breakthroughs: a Sox2-driven model for squamous cell lung cancer. Mol Cell Oncol 2015; 2:e969651. [PMID: 27308419 PMCID: PMC4904963 DOI: 10.4161/23723548.2014.969651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Squamous lung cancer is a subtype of non-small cell lung cancer with a poor overall prognosis. We have recently generated a mouse model of squamous lung carcinoma by overexpressing Sex-determining region Y-box 2 (Sox2) and deleting liver kinase B1 (Lkb1) using a lentiviral approach. This model recapitulates the human disease in terms of histopathology, biomarker expression, and signaling pathway activation, making it an excellent model for preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandaroop Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Oncological Sciences; University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute ; Salt Lake City, UT USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences; University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute ; Salt Lake City, UT USA
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Terry MR, Arya R, Mukhopadhyay A, Berrett KC, Clair PM, Witt B, Salama ME, Bhutkar A, Oliver TG. Caspase-2 impacts lung tumorigenesis and chemotherapy response in vivo. Cell Death Differ 2014; 22:719-30. [PMID: 25301067 PMCID: PMC4392070 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspase-2 is an atypical caspase that regulates apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and genome maintenance, although the mechanisms are not well understood. Caspase-2 has also been implicated in chemotherapy response in lung cancer, but this function has not been addressed in vivo. Here we show that Caspase-2 functions as a tumor suppressor in Kras-driven lung cancer in vivo. Loss of Caspase-2 leads to enhanced tumor proliferation and progression. Despite being more histologically advanced, Caspase-2-deficient tumors are sensitive to chemotherapy and exhibit a significant reduction in tumor volume following repeated treatment. However, Caspase-2-deficient tumors rapidly rebound from chemotherapy with enhanced proliferation, ultimately hindering long-term therapeutic benefit. In response to DNA damage, Caspase-2 cleaves and inhibits Mdm2 and thereby promotes the stability of the tumor-suppressor p53. Caspase-2 expression levels are significantly reduced in human lung tumors with wild-type p53, in agreement with the model whereby Caspase-2 functions through Mdm2/p53 regulation. Consistently, p53 target genes including p21, cyclin G1 and Msh2 are reduced in Caspase-2-deficient tumors. Finally, we show that phosphorylation of p53-induced protein with a death domain 1 leads to Caspase-2-mediated cleavage of Mdm2, directly impacting p53 levels, activity and chemotherapy response. Together, these studies elucidate a Caspase-2-p53 signaling network that impacts lung tumorigenesis and chemotherapy response in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Terry
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - R Arya
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - A Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - K C Berrett
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - P M Clair
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - B Witt
- 1] Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA [2] Associated Regional University Pathologists (ARUP) Institute for Clinical & Experimental Pathology, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - M E Salama
- 1] Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA [2] Associated Regional University Pathologists (ARUP) Institute for Clinical & Experimental Pathology, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - A Bhutkar
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - T G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Masin M, Vazquez J, Rossi S, Groeneveld S, Samson N, Schwalie PC, Deplancke B, Frawley LE, Gouttenoire J, Moradpour D, Oliver TG, Meylan E. GLUT3 is induced during epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promotes tumor cell proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Metab 2014; 2:11. [PMID: 25097756 PMCID: PMC4122054 DOI: 10.1186/2049-3002-2-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alterations in glucose metabolism and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) constitute two important characteristics of carcinoma progression toward invasive cancer. Despite an extensive characterization of each of them separately, the links between EMT and glucose metabolism of tumor cells remain elusive. Here we show that the neuronal glucose transporter GLUT3 contributes to glucose uptake and proliferation of lung tumor cells that have undergone an EMT. Results Using a panel of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, we demonstrate that GLUT3 is strongly expressed in mesenchymal, but not epithelial cells, a finding corroborated in hepatoma cells. Furthermore, we identify that ZEB1 binds to the GLUT3 gene to activate transcription. Importantly, inhibiting GLUT3 expression reduces glucose import and the proliferation of mesenchymal lung tumor cells, whereas ectopic expression in epithelial cells sustains proliferation in low glucose. Using a large microarray data collection of human NSCLCs, we determine that GLUT3 expression correlates with EMT markers and is prognostic of poor overall survival. Conclusions Altogether, our results reveal that GLUT3 is a transcriptional target of ZEB1 and that this glucose transporter plays an important role in lung cancer, when tumor cells loose their epithelial characteristics to become more invasive. Moreover, these findings emphasize the development of GLUT3 inhibitory drugs as a targeted therapy for the treatment of patients with poorly differentiated tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Masin
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Vazquez
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Simona Rossi
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Svenja Groeneveld
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Natasha Samson
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Petra C Schwalie
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Bart Deplancke
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Laura E Frawley
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jérôme Gouttenoire
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Darius Moradpour
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Etienne Meylan
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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Mukhopadhyay A, Berrett KC, Kc U, Clair PM, Pop SM, Carr SR, Witt BL, Oliver TG. Sox2 cooperates with Lkb1 loss in a mouse model of squamous cell lung cancer. Cell Rep 2014; 8:40-9. [PMID: 24953650 PMCID: PMC4410849 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung is the second most common subtype of lung cancer. With limited treatment options, the 5-year survival rate of SCC is only 15%. Although genomic alterations in SCC have been characterized, identifying the alterations that drive SCC is critical for improving treatment strategies. Mouse models of SCC are currently limited. Using lentiviral delivery of Sox2 specifically to the mouse lung, we tested the ability of Sox2 to promote tumorigenesis in multiple tumor suppressor backgrounds. Expression of Sox2, frequently amplified in human SCC, specifically cooperates with loss of Lkb1 to promote squamous lung tumors. Mouse tumors exhibit characteristic histopathology and biomarker expression similar to human SCC. They also mimic human SCCs by activation of therapeutically relevant pathways including STAT and mTOR. This model may be utilized to test the contribution of additional driver alterations in SCC, as well as for preclinical drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandaroop Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Kristofer C Berrett
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Ushma Kc
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Phillip M Clair
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Stelian M Pop
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Shamus R Carr
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Benjamin L Witt
- ARUP Laboratories, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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Oliver TG. Bosom Buddies: Close Connections Between Breast and Bladder Cancer. Sci Transl Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3008709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression profiling of advanced bladder cancer identifies molecular subtypes highly reminiscent of subtypes found in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trudy G. Oliver
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Oliver TG. RIG
-ging Biomarkers for Therapeutic Response. Sci Transl Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3008281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic RIG-I is a biomarker for survival and response to interferon-α treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trudy G. Oliver
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Abstract
Rousing and treating dormant tumors before their escape from the innate immune system may prevent tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trudy G. Oliver
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Oliver TG. An Anti-Depressing Discovery for Lung Cancer Treatment. Sci Transl Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3007757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A drug repurposing strategy identifies tricyclic antidepressants as FDA-approved compounds that combat the growth of small cell lung cancer and other neuroendocrine tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trudy G. Oliver
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Abstract
A drug combination without chemotherapy can cure leukemia patients with fewer toxic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trudy G. Oliver
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Oliver TG. A TWO Hit Wonder for Melanoma Treatment. Sci Transl Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3006713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A phase 1 clinical trial combining two immunotherapies improves response in advanced metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trudy G. Oliver
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Curry NL, Mino-Kenudson M, Oliver TG, Yilmaz OH, Yilmaz VO, Moon JY, Jacks T, Sabatini DM, Kalaany NY. Pten-null tumors cohabiting the same lung display differential AKT activation and sensitivity to dietary restriction. Cancer Discov 2013; 3:908-21. [PMID: 23719831 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-12-0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PTEN loss is considered a biomarker for activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, a pathway frequently mutated in cancer, and was recently shown to confer resistance to dietary restriction. Here, we show that Pten loss is not sufficient to drive AKT activation and resistance to dietary restriction in tumors with low growth factor receptor levels. We describe a murine Pten-null Kras-driven lung cancer model that harbors both dietary restriction-resistant, higher-grade, bronchiolar tumors with high AKT activity, and dietary restriction-sensitive, lower-grade, alveolar tumors with low AKT activity. We find that this phenotype is cell autonomous and that normal bronchiolar cells express higher levels of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) and of ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5 (ENTPD5), an endoplasmic reticulum enzyme known to modulate growth factor receptor levels. Suppression of ENTPD5 is sufficient to decrease IGF-IR levels and sensitize bronchiolar tumor cells to serum in vitro and to dietary restriction in vivo. Furthermore, we find that a significant percentage of human non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) have low AKT activity despite PTEN loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha L Curry
- Division of Endocrinology, Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston , MA 02115, USA
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